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Rogers N, Meng QJ. Tick tock, the cartilage clock. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:1425-1436. [PMID: 37230460 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common age-related joint disease, affecting articular cartilage and other joint structures, causing severe pain and disability. Due to a limited understanding of the underlying disease pathogenesis, there are currently no disease-modifying drugs for OA. Circadian rhythms are generated by cell-intrinsic timekeeping mechanisms which are known to dampen during ageing, increasing disease risks. In this review, we focus on one emerging area of chondrocyte biology, the circadian clocks. We first provide a historical perspective of circadian clock discoveries and the molecular underpinnings. We will then focus on the expression and functions of circadian clocks in articular cartilage, including their rhythmic target genes and pathways, links to ageing, tissue degeneration, and OA, as well as tissue niche-specific entrainment pathways. Further research into cartilage clocks and ageing may have broader implications in the understanding of OA pathogenesis, the standardization of biomarker detection, and the development of novel therapeutic routes for the prevention and management of OA and other musculoskeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Rogers
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK; Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK; Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
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2
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Sharma RK, Kamble SH, Krishnan S, Gomes J, To B, Li S, Liu IC, Gumz ML, Mohandas R. Involvement of lysyl oxidase in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 324:F364-F373. [PMID: 36825626 PMCID: PMC10069822 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00239.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events. CKD is associated with increases in arterial stiffness, whereas improvements in arterial stiffness correlate with better survival. However, arterial stiffness is increased early in CKD, suggesting that there might be additional factors, unique to kidney disease, that increase arterial stiffness. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a key mediator of collagen cross linking and matrix remodeling. LOX is predominantly expressed in the cardiovascular system, and its upregulation has been associated with increased tissue stiffening and extracellular matrix remodeling. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the role of increased LOX activity in inducing aortic stiffness in CKD and whether β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), a LOX inhibitor, could prevent aortic stiffness by reducing collagen cross linking. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) or sham surgery. Two weeks after surgery, mice were randomized to BAPN (300 mg/kg/day in water) or vehicle treatment for 4 wk. Aortic stiffness was assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) using Doppler ultrasound. Aortic levels of LOX were assessed by ELISA, and cross-linked total collagen levels were analyzed by mass spectrometry and Sircol assay. Nx mice showed increased PWV and aortic wall remodeling compared with control mice. Collagen cross linking was increased in parallel with the increases in total collagen in the aorta of Nx mice. In contrast, Nx mice that received BAPN treatment showed decreased cross-linked collagens and PWV compared with that received vehicle treatment. Our results indicated that LOX might be an early and key mediator of aortic stiffness in CKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arterial stiffness in CKD is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying increased aortic stiffness in CKD are unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that 1) increased aortic stiffness in CKD is independent of hypertension and calcification and 2) LOX-mediated changes in extracellular matrix are at least in part responsible for increased aortic stiffness in CKD. Prevention of excess LOX may have therapeutic potential in alleviating increased aortic stiffness and improving cardiovascular disease in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra K Sharma
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Shyam H Kamble
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Suraj Krishnan
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Joshua Gomes
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Brandon To
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Shiyu Li
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - I-Chia Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Rajesh Mohandas
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
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3
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Du Z, You X, Wu D, Huang S, Zhou Z. Rhythm disturbance in osteoarthritis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:70. [PMID: 35610652 PMCID: PMC9128097 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main causes of disabilities among older people. To date, multiple disease-related molecular networks in OA have been identified, including abnormal mechanical loadings and local inflammation. These pathways have not, however, properly elucidated the mechanism of OA progression. Recently, sufficient evidence has suggested that rhythmic disturbances in the central nervous system (CNS) and local joint tissues affect the homeostasis of joint and can escalate pathological changes of OA. This is accompanied with an exacerbation of joint symptoms that interfere with the rhythm of CNS in reverse. Eventually, these processes aggravate OA progression. At present, the crosstalk between joint tissues and biological rhythm remains poorly understood. As such, the mechanisms of rhythm changes in joint tissues are worth study; in particular, research on the effect of rhythmic genes on metabolism and inflammation would facilitate the understanding of the natural rhythms of joint tissues and the OA pathology resulting from rhythm disturbance. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Du
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuanhe You
- Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Diwei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shishu Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zongke Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Orthopedics and Research institute of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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4
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Song X, Bai H, Meng X, Xiao J, Gao L. Drivers of phenotypic variation in cartilage: Circadian clock genes. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7593-7601. [PMID: 34213828 PMCID: PMC8358851 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous homeostasis and peripheral tissue metabolism are disrupted by irregular fluctuations in activation, movement, feeding and temperature, which can accelerate negative biological processes and lead to immune reactions, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). This review summarizes abnormal phenotypes in articular joint components such as cartilage, bone and the synovium, attributed to the deletion or overexpression of clock genes in cartilage or chondrocytes. Understanding the functional mechanisms of different genes, the differentiation of mouse phenotypes and the prevention of joint ageing and disease will facilitate future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinghua Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianhua Xiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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5
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A matter of time: Circadian clocks in osteoarthritis and the potential of chronotherapy. Exp Gerontol 2020; 143:111163. [PMID: 33227402 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and debilitating joint disease which develops and progresses with age. Despite extensive research into the disease, potent disease-modifying drugs remain elusive. Changes to the character and function of chondrocytes of the articular cartilage underly the pathogenesis of OA. A recently emerging facet of chondrocyte biology that has been implicated in OA pathogenesis is the role of circadian rhythms, and the cellular clock which governs rhythmic gene transcription. Here, we review the role of the chondrocyte's cellular clock in governing normal homeostasis, and explore the wide range of consequences that contribute to OA development when the clock is dysregulated by aging and other factors. Finally, we explore how harnessing this understanding of clock mechanics in aging and OA can be translated into novel treatment strategies, or 'chronotherapies', for patients.
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6
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Song X, Hu H, Zhao M, Ma T, Gao L. Prospects of circadian clock in joint cartilage development. FASEB J 2020; 34:14120-14135. [PMID: 32946614 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001597r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Altering the food intake, exercise, and sleep patterns have a great influence on the homeostasis of the biological clock. This leads to accelerated aging of the articular cartilage, susceptibility to arthropathy and other aspects. Deficiency or overexpression of certain circadian clock-related genes accelerates the cartilage deterioration and leads to phenotypic variation in different joints. The process of joint cartilage development includes the formation of joint site, interzone, joint cavitation, epiphyseal ossification center, and cartilage maturation. The mechanism by which, biological clock regulates the cell-cycle, growth, metabolism, and other biological processes of chondrocytes is poorly understood. Here, we summarized the interaction between biological clock proteins and developmental pathways in chondrogenesis and provided the evidence from other tissues that further predicts the molecular patterns of these protein-protein networks in activation, proliferation, and differentiation. The purpose of this review is to gain deeper understanding of the evolution of cartilage and its irreversibility seen in damage and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Song
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hailong Hu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingchao Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianwen Ma
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Gao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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7
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Suppression of circadian clock protein cryptochrome 2 promotes osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:966-976. [PMID: 32339698 PMCID: PMC7476803 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal chondrocyte gene expression promotes osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. A previous RNA-sequencing study revealed that circadian rhythm pathway and expression of core clock gene cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) are dysregulated in human OA cartilage. Here we determined expression patterns and function CRY1 and CRY2. METHODS CRY mRNA and protein expression was analyzed in normal and OA human and mouse cartilage. Mice with deletion of Cry1 or Cry2 were analyzed for severity of experimental OA and to determine genes and pathways that are regulated by Cry. RESULTS In human OA cartilage, CRY2 but not CRY1 staining and mRNA expression was significantly decreased. Cry2 was also suppressed in mice with aging-related OA. Cry2 knock out (KO) but not Cry1 KO mice with experimental OA showed significantly increased severity of histopathological changes in cartilage, subchondral bone and synovium. In OA chondrocytes, the levels of CRY1 and CRY2 and the amplitude of circadian fluctuation were significantly lower. RNA-seq on knee articular cartilage of wild-type and Cry2 KO mice identified 53 differentially expressed genes, including known Cry2 target circadian genes Nr1d1, Nr1d2, Dbp and Tef. Pathway analysis that circadian rhythm and extracellular matrix remodeling were dysregulated in Cry2 KO mice. CONCLUSIONS These results show an active role of the circadian clock in general, and of CRY2 in particular, in maintaining extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis in cartilage. This cell autonomous network of circadian rhythm genes is disrupted in OA chondrocytes. Targeting CRY2 has potential to correct abnormal gene expression patterns and reduce the severity of OA.
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8
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Noshiro M, Kawamoto T, Nakashima A, Ozaki N, Saeki M, Honda K, Fujimoto K, Kato Y. DEC1 regulates the rhythmic expression of PPARγ target genes involved in lipid metabolism in white adipose tissue. Genes Cells 2020; 25:232-241. [PMID: 31991027 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we found that the basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional repressor DEC1 interacts with the PPARγ:RXRα heterodimer, a master transcription factor for adipogenesis and lipogenesis, to suppress transcription from PPARγ target genes (Noshiro et al., Genes to Cells, 2018, 23:658-669). Because the expression of PPARγ and several of its target genes exhibits circadian rhythmicity in white adipose tissue (WAT), we examined the expression profiles of PPARγ target genes in wild-type and Dec1-/- mice. We found that the expression of PPARγ target genes responsible for lipid metabolism, including the synthesis of triacylglycerol from free fatty acids (FFAs), lipid storage and the lipolysis of triacylglycerol to FFAs, oscillates in a circadian manner in WAT. Moreover, DEC1 deficiency led to a marked increase in the expression of these genes at night (Zeitgeber times 16 and 22), resulting in disruption of circadian rhythms. Serum FFA levels in wild-type mice also showed circadian oscillations, but these were disrupted by DEC1 deficiency, leading to reduced FFA levels. These results suggest that PPARγ:RXRα and DEC1 cooperatively generate the circadian expression of PPARγ target genes through PPAR-responsive elements in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhide Noshiro
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Writing Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noritsugu Ozaki
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masayumi Saeki
- Health Examination Center, Chugoku Rousai Hospital, Kure, Japan
| | - Kiyomasa Honda
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsumi Fujimoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Kato
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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10
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Jahanban‐Esfahlan R, Mehrzadi S, Reiter RJ, Seidi K, Majidinia M, Baghi HB, Khatami N, Yousefi B, Sadeghpour A. Melatonin in regulation of inflammatory pathways in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: involvement of circadian clock genes. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:3230-3238. [PMID: 28585236 PMCID: PMC6057898 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are the two most prevalent joint diseases. A such, they are important causes of pain and disability in a substantial proportion of the human population. A common characteristic of these diseases is the erosion of articular cartilage and consequently joint dysfunction. Melatonin has been proposed as a link between circadian rhythms and joint diseases including RA and OA. This hormone exerts a diversity of regulatory actions through binding to specific receptors and intracellular targets as well as having receptor-independent actions as a free radical scavenger. Cytoprotective effects of melatonin involve a myriad of prominent receptor-mediated pathways/molecules associated with inflammation, of which the role of omnipresent NF-κB signalling is crucial. Likewise, disturbance of circadian timekeeping is closely involved in the aetiology of inflammatory arthritis. Melatonin is shown to stimulate cartilage destruction/regeneration through direct/indirect modulation of the expression of the main circadian clock genes, such as BMAL, CRY and/or DEC2. In the current article, we review the effects of melatonin on RA and OA, focusing on its ability to regulate inflammatory pathways and circadian rhythms. We also review the possible protective effects of melatonin on RA and OA pathogenesis. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Recent Developments in Research of Melatonin and its Potential Therapeutic Applications. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.16/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Jahanban‐Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural BiologyThe University of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Khaled Seidi
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research CenterUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | | | - Nasrin Khatami
- Students Research CommitteeTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Molecular Targeting Therapy Research Group, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Alireza Sadeghpour
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine and Shohada Educational HospitalTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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11
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Abstract
Temporally coordinated resorption and synthesis is the key to maintaining healthy bones. Articular cartilage is a highly specialized connective tissue within the joints that lines the surface of a long bone. Emerging evidence has suggested a critical role of the circadian system in controlling cartilage and bone biology. Articular cartilage is sparsely populated with chondrocytes, surrounded by abundant extracellular matrices that are synthesized and maintained solely by chondrocytes. Once damaged, the articular cartilage tissue has poor capacity for endogenous repair, leaving the joints prone to osteoarthritis, an age-related painful condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. An important question is how articular cartilage has evolved its remarkable capacity to maintain homeostasis and withstand daily biomechanical challenges associated with resting/activity cycles. Equally important is how this avascular and aneural tissue senses time and uses this information to coordinate daily phases of metabolic activity and tissue remodeling/repair. Bone tissue derived from cartilage has similarly sparse populations of resident cells living in dense and largely mineralized matrices. We discuss recent progress on circadian clocks in these matrix-rich skeletal tissues and highlight avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, UK
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12
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Robinson WH, Lepus CM, Wang Q, Raghu H, Mao R, Lindstrom TM, Sokolove J. Low-grade inflammation as a key mediator of the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:580-92. [PMID: 27539668 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 824] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has long been viewed as a degenerative disease of cartilage, but accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation has a critical role in its pathogenesis. Furthermore, we now appreciate that OA pathogenesis involves not only breakdown of cartilage, but also remodelling of the underlying bone, formation of ectopic bone, hypertrophy of the joint capsule, and inflammation of the synovial lining. That is, OA is a disorder of the joint as a whole, with inflammation driving many pathologic changes. The inflammation in OA is distinct from that in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases: it is chronic, comparatively low-grade, and mediated primarily by the innate immune system. Current treatments for OA only control the symptoms, and none has been FDA-approved for the prevention or slowing of disease progression. However, increasing insight into the inflammatory underpinnings of OA holds promise for the development of new, disease-modifying therapies. Indeed, several anti-inflammatory therapies have shown promise in animal models of OA. Further work is needed to identify effective inhibitors of the low-grade inflammation in OA, and to determine whether therapies that target this inflammation can prevent or slow the development and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- William H Robinson
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Christin M Lepus
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Harini Raghu
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Rong Mao
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Tamsin M Lindstrom
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jeremy Sokolove
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Center for Clinical Sciences Research (CCSR) 4135, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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13
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Yang W, Kang X, Liu J, Li H, Ma Z, Jin X, Qian Z, Xie T, Qin N, Feng D, Pan W, Chen Q, Sun H, Wu S. Clock Gene Bmal1 Modulates Human Cartilage Gene Expression by Crosstalk With Sirt1. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3096-107. [PMID: 27253997 PMCID: PMC4967114 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The critical regulation of the peripheral circadian gene implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) has been recently recognized; however, the causative role and clinical potential of the peripheral circadian rhythm attributable to such effects remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of a circadian gene Bmal1 in human cartilage and pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. In our present study, the mRNA and protein levels of circadian rhythm genes, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase (NAD(+)) and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), in human knee articular cartilage were determined. In OA cartilage, the levels of both Bmal1 and NAD(+) decreased significantly, which resulted in the inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase activity and Sirt1 expression. Furthermore, the knockdown of Bmal1 was sufficient to decrease the level of NAD(+) and aggravate OA-like gene expression changes under the stimulation of IL-1β. The overexpression of Bmal1 relieved the alteration induced by IL-1β, which was consistent with the effect of the inhibition of Rev-Erbα (known as NR1D1, nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D). On the other hand, the transfection of Sirt1 small interfering RNA not only resulted in a reduction of the protein expression of Bmal1 and a moderate increase of period 2 (per2) and Rev-Erbα but also further exacerbated the survival of cells and the expression of cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes induced by IL-1β. Overexpression of Sirt1 restored the metabolic imbalance of chondrocytes caused by IL-1β. These observations suggest that Bmal1 is a key clock gene to involve in cartilage homeostasis mediated through sirt1 and that manipulating circadian rhythm gene expression implicates an innovative strategy to develop novel therapeutic agents against cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Jiali Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Huixia Li
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Zhengmin Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Xinxin Jin
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Zhuang Qian
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Tianping Xie
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Na Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Dongxu Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Wenjie Pan
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Qian Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Hongzhi Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Shufang Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
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The brain–joint axis in osteoarthritis: nerves, circadian clocks and beyond. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:508-16. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Dudek M, Gossan N, Yang N, Im HJ, Ruckshanthi JP, Yoshitane H, Li X, Jin D, Wang P, Boudiffa M, Bellantuono I, Fukada Y, Boot-Handford RP, Meng QJ. The chondrocyte clock gene Bmal1 controls cartilage homeostasis and integrity. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:365-76. [PMID: 26657859 PMCID: PMC4701559 DOI: 10.1172/jci82755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent and debilitating joint disease, and there are currently no effective disease-modifying treatments available. Multiple risk factors for OA, such as aging, result in progressive damage and loss of articular cartilage. Autonomous circadian clocks have been identified in mouse cartilage, and environmental disruption of circadian rhythms in mice predisposes animals to OA-like damage. However, the contribution of the cartilage clock mechanisms to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis is still unclear. Here, we have shown that expression of the core clock transcription factor BMAL1 is disrupted in human OA cartilage and in aged mouse cartilage. Furthermore, targeted Bmal1 ablation in mouse chondrocytes abolished their circadian rhythm and caused progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. We determined that BMAL1 directs the circadian expression of many genes implicated in cartilage homeostasis, including those involved in catabolic, anabolic, and apoptotic pathways. Loss of BMAL1 reduced the levels of phosphorylated SMAD2/3 (p-SMAD2/3) and NFATC2 and decreased expression of the major matrix-related genes Sox9, Acan, and Col2a1, but increased p-SMAD1/5 levels. Together, these results define a regulatory mechanism that links chondrocyte BMAL1 to the maintenance and repair of cartilage and suggest that circadian rhythm disruption is a risk factor for joint diseases such as OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Dudek
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Gossan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nan Yang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Hikari Yoshitane
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ding Jin
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ping Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maya Boudiffa
- The Mellanby Centre, Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ilaria Bellantuono
- The Mellanby Centre, Department of Human Metabolism, The Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Yoshitaka Fukada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ray P. Boot-Handford
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Catabolic cytokines disrupt the circadian clock and the expression of clock-controlled genes in cartilage via an NFкB-dependent pathway. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1981-8. [PMID: 26521744 PMCID: PMC4638193 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define how the catabolic cytokines (Interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)) affect the circadian clock mechanism and the expression of clock-controlled catabolic genes within cartilage, and to identify the downstream pathways linking the cytokines to the molecular clock within chondrocytes. METHODS Ex vivo cartilage explants were isolated from the Cry1-luc or PER2::LUC clock reporter mice. Clock gene dynamics were monitored in real-time by bioluminescence photon counting. Gene expression changes were studied by qRT-PCR. Functional luc assays were used to study the function of the core Clock/BMAL1 complex in SW-1353 cells. NFкB pathway inhibitor and fluorescence live-imaging of cartilage were performed to study the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Exposure to IL-1β severely disrupted circadian gene expression rhythms in cartilage. This effect was reversed by an anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone, but not by other clock synchronizing agents. Circadian disruption mediated by IL-1β was accompanied by disregulated expression of endogenous clock genes and clock-controlled catabolic pathways. Mechanistically, NFкB signalling was involved in the effect of IL-1β on the cartilage clock in part through functional interference with the core Clock/BMAL1 complex. In contrast, TNFα had little impact on the circadian rhythm and clock gene expression in cartilage. CONCLUSION In our experimental system (young healthy mouse cartilage), we demonstrate that IL-1β (but not TNFα) abolishes circadian rhythms in Cry1-luc and PER2::LUC gene expression. These data implicate disruption of the chondrocyte clock as a novel aspect of the catabolic responses of cartilage to pro-inflammatory cytokines, and provide an additional mechanism for how chronic joint inflammation may contribute to osteoarthritis (OA).
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Liu CC, Su LJ, Tsai WY, Sun HL, Lee HC, Wong CS. Hylan G-F 20 attenuates posttraumatic osteoarthritis progression: Association with upregulated expression of the circardian gene NPAS2. Life Sci 2015; 141:20-4. [PMID: 26388558 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study was to examine the effect of Hylan G-F 20 on the progression of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) and the expression of the circadian genes neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (NPAS2) and period 2 (Per2). MAIN METHODS We used the anterior cruciate ligament transaction and medial menisectomy (ACLT+MMx) model in Wistar rats. The rats were divided into three groups, the sham-operated group, the Hylan G-F 20-treated group, and the saline-treated group. Rats which underwent ACLT + MMx surgery were injected intraarticularly with, respectively, Hylan G-F 20 or saline once a week for 3 consecutive weeks, starting 7days after surgery. The gross morphology and histopathology of the experimental knee joints were evaluated at the end of week 6. Expression of the NPAS2 and Per2 genes was measured by real-time PCR. KEY FINDINGS Hylan G-F 20 suppressed the articular cartilage destruction and synovitis compared to the saline-treated group. Compared to the sham-operated group, the Hylan G-F 20-treated group showed significantly upregulated expression of NPAS2 in cartilage (2.53±0.08-fold higher; p<0.05) and a non-significant increase in Per2 expression (2.35±1.26-fold higher p=0.28), while the saline-treated group showed significant downregulation of NPAS2 expression and a non-significant decrease in Per2 expression. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggested that early intraarticular injection of Hylan G-F 20 attenuates the progression of PTOA and significantly upregulates NPAS2 expression. These findings provide a new direction for studying associations between the use of a pharmacological agent, the degenerative process, and circadian gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chung Liu
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Zhongli City, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Su
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Zhongli City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yuan Tsai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Lun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei city, Taiwan
| | - Hoong-Chien Lee
- Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Zhongli City, Taiwan; Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Profiling molecular and behavioral circadian rhythms in the non-symbiotic sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11418. [PMID: 26081482 PMCID: PMC4476465 DOI: 10.1038/srep11418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous circadian clocks are poorly understood within early-diverging animal
lineages. We have characterized circadian behavioral patterns and identified
potential components of the circadian clock in the starlet sea anemone,
Nematostella vectensis: a model cnidarian which lacks algal symbionts.
Using automatic video tracking we showed that Nematostella exhibits rhythmic
circadian locomotor activity, which is persistent in constant dark, shifted or
disrupted by external dark/light cues and maintained the same rate at two different
temperatures. This activity was inhibited by a casein kinase 1δ/ε
inhibitor, suggesting a role for CK1 homologue(s) in Nematostella clock.
Using high-throughput sequencing we profiled Nematostella transcriptomes over
48 hours under a light-dark cycle. We identified 180 Nematostella
diurnally-oscillated transcripts and compared them with previously established
databases of adult and larvae of the symbiotic coral Acropora millepora,
revealing both shared homologues and unique rhythmic genes. Taken together, this
study further establishes Nematostella as a non-symbiotic model organism to
study circadian rhythms and increases our understanding about the fundamental
elements of circadian regulation and their evolution within the Metazoa
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Abstract
The night and day cycle governs the circadian (24 hourly) rhythm of activity and rest in animals and humans. This is reflected in daily changes of the global gene expression pattern and metabolism, but also in the local physiology of various tissues. A central clock in the brain co-ordinates the rhythmic locomotion behaviour, as well as synchronizing various local oscillators, such as those found in the musculoskeletal system. It has become increasingly recognized that the internal molecular clocks in cells allow a tissue to anticipate the rhythmic changes in their local environment and the specific demands of that tissue. Consequently, the majority of the rhythmic clock controlled genes and pathways are tissue specific. The concept of the tissue-specific function of circadian clocks is further supported by the diverse musculoskeletal phenotypes in mice with deletions or mutations of various core clock components, ranging from increased bone mass, dwarfism, arthropathy, reduced muscle strength and tendon calcification. The present review summarizes the current understanding of the circadian clocks in muscle, bone, cartilage and tendon tissues, with particular focus on the evidence of circadian rhythms in tissue physiology, their entrainment mechanisms and disease links, and the tissue-specific clock target genes/pathways. Research in this area holds strong potential to advance our understanding of how circadian rhythms control the health and disease of the musculoskeletal tissues, which has major implications in diseases associated with advancing age. It could also have potential implications in sports performance and sports medicine.
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Gossan N, Boot-Handford R, Meng QJ. Ageing and osteoarthritis: a circadian rhythm connection. Biogerontology 2014; 16:209-19. [PMID: 25078075 PMCID: PMC4361727 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-014-9522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, affecting articular cartilage of the joints, with currently no cure. Age is a major risk factor for OA, but despite significant advances made in the OA research field, how ageing contributes to OA is still not well understood. In this review, we will focus on one particular aspect of chondrocyte biology, i.e., circadian rhythms. Disruptions to circadian clocks have been linked to various diseases. Our recent work demonstrates autonomous clocks in chondrocytes which regulate key pathways implicated in OA. The cartilage rhythm dampens with age and clock gene expression changes during the initiation stage of OA development in an experimental mouse OA model. Research into the molecular links between ageing, circadian clocks and OA may identify novel therapeutic routes for the prevention and management of OA, such as chronotherapy, or direct targeting of clock components/circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gossan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, A.V. Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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Janich P, Meng QJ, Benitah SA. Circadian control of tissue homeostasis and adult stem cells. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2014; 31:8-15. [PMID: 25016176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The circadian timekeeping mechanism adapts physiology to the 24-hour light/dark cycle. However, how the outputs of the circadian clock in different peripheral tissues communicate and synchronize each other is still not fully understood. The circadian clock has been implicated in the regulation of numerous processes, including metabolism, the cell cycle, cell differentiation, immune responses, redox homeostasis, and tissue repair. Accordingly, perturbation of the machinery that generates circadian rhythms is associated with metabolic disorders, premature ageing, and various diseases including cancer. Importantly, it is now possible to target circadian rhythms through systemic or local delivery of time cues or compounds. Here, we summarize recent findings in peripheral tissues that link the circadian clock machinery to tissue-specific functions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Janich
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- MRC Career Development Award Fellow, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Salvador Aznar Benitah
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain.
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Kato Y, Kawamoto T, Fujimoto K, Noshiro M. DEC1/STRA13/SHARP2 and DEC2/SHARP1 coordinate physiological processes, including circadian rhythms in response to environmental stimuli. Curr Top Dev Biol 2014; 110:339-72. [PMID: 25248482 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405943-6.00010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Daily physiological and behavioral rhythms are regulated by endogenous circadian molecular clocks. Clock proteins DEC1 (BHLHe40) and DEC2 (BHLHe41) belong to the basic helix-loop-helix protein superfamily, which contains other clock proteins CLOCK and BMAL1. DEC1 and DEC2 are induced by CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer via the CACGTG E-box in the promoter and, thereafter, suppress their own expression by competing with CLOCK:BMAL1 for the DNA binding. This negative feedback DEC loop together with the PER loop involving PER and CRY, the other negative clock regulators, maintains the circadian rhythm of Dec1 and Dec2 expression. DEC1 is induced by light pulse and adjusts the circadian phase of the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, whereas DEC1 upregulation by TGF-β resets the circadian phase of the peripheral clocks in tissues. Furthermore, DEC1 and DEC2 modulate the clock output signals to control circadian rhythms in behavior and metabolism. In addition to the functions in the clocks, DEC1 and DEC2 are involved in hypoxia responses, immunological reactions, and carcinogenesis. These DEC actions are mediated by the direct binding to the E-box elements in target genes or by protein-protein interactions with transcription factors such as HIF-1α, RXRα, MyoD, and STAT. Notably, numerous growth factors, hormones, and cytokines, along with ionizing radiation and DNA-damaging agents, induce Dec1 and/or Dec2 in a tissue-specific manner. These findings suggest that DEC1 and DEC2 play a critical role in animal adaptation to various environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Kato
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Kawamoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsumi Fujimoto
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuhide Noshiro
- Department of Dental and Medical Biochemistry, Basic Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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