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Huang J, Zaynab M, Sharif Y, Khan J, Al-Yahyai R, Sadder M, Ali M, Alarab SR, Li S. Tannins as antimicrobial agents: Understanding toxic effects on pathogens. Toxicon 2024; 247:107812. [PMID: 38908527 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
"Tannins" are compounds that belong to a group of secondary metabolites found in plants. They have a polyphenolic nature and exhibit active actions as first line defenses against invading pathogens. Several studies have demonstrated the multiple activities of tannins, highlighting their effectiveness as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. Tannins have reported as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral compounds by preventing enzymatic activities and inhibiting the synthesis of nucleic acids. Additionally, tannins primarily strengthen the plant cell wall, making it almost impenetrable to harmful pathogens. Most tannins are synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway to become secondary metabolites. Increased uptake of tannins has the potential to provide permanent immunity to subsequent infections by strengthening cell walls and producing antimicrobial compounds. Tannins also demonstrate a synergistic response with other defense-related molecules, such as phytoalexins and pathogenesis-related proteins, including antimicrobial peptides. Studying the mechanisms mediated by tannins on pathogen behaviors would be beneficial in stimulating plant defense against pathogens. This understanding could help explain the occurrence of diseases and outbreaks and enable potential mitigation in both natural and agricultural ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzi Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Madiha Zaynab
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Yasir Sharif
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, China
| | - Jallat Khan
- Institute of Chemistry Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Al-Yahyai
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Monther Sadder
- School of Agriculture University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Munawar Ali
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Saber R Alarab
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Li W, Bashir NH, Naeem M, Tian R, Tian X, Chen H. Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table of Atractomorpha lata (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) at Different Temperatures. INSECTS 2024; 15:493. [PMID: 39057226 PMCID: PMC11277524 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Atractomorpha lata Motschoulsky (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) has recently emerged as an important agricultural pest in China. Understanding the impact of temperature on its developmental period is crucial for predicting its population dynamics. This study systematically observed the biological characteristics of A. lata at five temperatures (16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 °C) using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. The effects of temperature on the developmental period, survival rate, and fecundity of A. lata were studied using fresh bean leaves as host. The results demonstrated that as temperature increased from 16 °C to 32 °C, the developmental period, preadult time, adult longevity, adult preoviposition period (APOP), and total preoviposition period (TPOP) significantly decreased. The developmental threshold temperatures for various stages were calculated, ranging from 10.47 °C to 13.01 °C, using the linear optimal method. As temperature increased, both the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and the finite rate of increase (λ) also increased, while the mean generation time (T) decreased. The optimal values of the net reproductive rate (R0 = 54.26 offspring), gross reproductive rate (GRR = 185.53 ± 16.94 offspring), and fecundity (169.56 ± 9.93 eggs) were observed at 24 °C. Similarly, the population trend index (I) for A. lata peaked at 24 °C (61.64). Our findings indicate that A. lata exhibits its highest population growth rate at 24 °C, providing a scientific basis for predicting its population dynamics in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Li
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Nawaz Haider Bashir
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Ruilin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservationand Sustainable Utilization for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Xinyue Tian
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100091, China;
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China; (W.L.); (N.H.B.); (M.N.)
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Yang Z, Deng M, Wang W, Xiao T, Peng H, Huang Z, Lu K. Characterization and functional analysis of UDP-glycosyltransferases reveal their contribution to phytochemical flavone tolerance in Spodoptera litura. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129745. [PMID: 38286378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Efficient detoxification is the key factor for phytophagous insect to adapt to phytochemicals. However, the role of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) in insect anti-defense to phytochemical flavone is largely unknown. In this study, 52 UGT genes were identified in Spodoptera litura and they presented evident gene duplication. UGT played a crucial part in larval tolerance to flavone because the enzyme activity and transcriptional level of 77 % UGT members were remarkably upregulated by flavone administration and suppression of UGT enzyme activity and gene expressions significantly increased larval susceptibility to flavone. Bacteria coexpressing UGTs had high survival rates under flavone treatment and flavone was dramatically metabolized by UGT recombinant cells, which indicated the involvement of UGTs in flavone detoxification. What's more, ecdysone pathway was activated by flavone. Topical application of 20-hydroxyecdysone highly upregulated UGT enzyme activity and more than half of UGT expressions. The effects were opposite when ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (USP)-mediated ecdysone signaling pathway was inhibited. Furtherly, promoter reporter assays of 5 UGT genes showed that their transcription activities were notably increased by cotransfection with EcR and USP. In consequence, this study suggested that UGTs were involved in flavone detoxification and their transcriptional expressions were regulated by ecdysone pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mengqing Deng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tianxiang Xiao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Haoxue Peng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zifan Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Bai B, Zhang SP, Li YT, Gao P, Yang XQ. Quercetin stimulates an accelerated burst of oviposition-based reproductive strategy in codling moth controlled by juvenile hormone signaling pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169643. [PMID: 38159769 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The advantageous characteristics of invasive pests, particularly their ability to reproduce and adapt to the environment, have been observed. However, it remains unclear what specific inherent superiority enables fruit pests to successfully invade and dominate in interactions with other species. In this study, we report that Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus), a notorious invasive pest of pome fruits and walnuts globally, employs unique reproductive strategies in response to quercetin, a plant compound in host fruits. By monitoring adult dynamics and fruit infestation rates, we observed a competitive relationship between C. pomonella and the native species Grapholita molesta (Busck). C. pomonella was able to occupy vacant niches to ensure its population growth. We also found that quercetin had different effects on the reproductive capacity and population growth of C. pomonella and G. molesta. While quercetin stimulated the fecundity and population growth of G. molesta, it inhibited C. pomonella. However, C. pomonella was able to rapidly increase its population after exposure to quercetin by adopting an 'accelerated burst' of oviposition strategy, with each individual making a greater reproductive contribution compared to the control. We further demonstrated that the effect of quercetin on oviposition is regulated by the juvenile hormone (JH) signaling pathway in C. pomonella, allowing it to prioritize survival. The enhanced reproductive fitness of G. molesta in response to quercetin is attributed to the regulation of JH titers and key genes such as Met and Kr-h1, which in turn up-regulate reproduction-related genes Vg and VgR. In contrast, C. pomonella is inhibited. These findings shed light on the mechanisms interspecific competition and help to improve our understanding of the global spread of C. pomonella, which can be attributed to its inherent superiority in terms of reproductive strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Bai
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Shi-Pan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Ping Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Economical and Applied Entomology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Major Agricultural Invasion Biological Monitoring and Control, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
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Yuan L, Li T, Huang Y, Zhang A, Yan S, Jiang D. Identification and potential application of key insecticidal metabolites in Tilia amurensis, a low-preference host of Hyphantria cunea. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105796. [PMID: 38458667 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Developing effective insecticidal strategies is an important means of reducing the spread and host plant damage by Hyphantria cunea. In this study, key metabolites with insecticidal activity against H. cunea were screened by targeted metabolomics in Tilia amurensis, a low-preference host plant. Subsequently, the potential of key metabolites that could be used as botanical pesticides was evaluated. The results showed that coumarin was the key insecticidal metabolite of T. amurensis and had a significant insecticidal effect and weight inhibition effect on H. cunea larvae. Coumarin treatment significantly decreased the larval nutrient content and the gene expression of rate-limiting enzymes in the glycolytic pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle. A significantly enhanced detoxification enzyme activity (CarE and GST), antioxidant oxidase activity (SOD and CAT), non-enzymatic antioxidant levels (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity were observed in coumarin-treated larvae. Coumarin treatment resulted in a significant increase in the expression levels of detoxification enzyme genes (CarE1, CarE2, CarE3, GST2, and GST3) and antioxidant oxidase genes (SOD1, CAT1, and CAT2) in H. cunea larvae. Coumarin treatment significantly increased the levels of MDA and H2O2 in larvae but did not cause pathological changes in the ultrastructure of the larval midgut. Coumarin solution sprayed directly or as a microcapsule suspension formulation with coumarin as the active ingredient had significant insecticidal activity against the H. cunea larvae. Overall, coumarin, a key anti-insect metabolite identified from T. amurensis, can significantly inhibit the growth and survival of H. cunea larvae and has the potential to be developed as a botanical pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Yuan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yi Huang
- Heilongjiang Forestry Vocational Technical College, Mudanjiang 157011, PR China
| | - Aoying Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Shanchun Yan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
| | - Dun Jiang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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Tavares WR, Jiménez IA, Oliveira L, Kuhtinskaja M, Vaher M, Rosa JS, Seca AML, Bazzocchi IL, Barreto MDC. Macaronesian Plants as Promising Biopesticides against the Crop Pest Ceratitis capitata. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4122. [PMID: 38140449 PMCID: PMC10747946 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Ceratitis capitata is responsible for significant economic losses in the fruit production industry, and the market lacks biopesticides that are effective but also cheaper and less contaminating, with fewer negative impacts on the environment. In this regard, the present study suggests as potential options ethanolic extracts from several Macaronesian plants, which inhibit the oviposition and are toxic to C. capitata, and whose preparation involve a non-toxic solvent (i.e., ethanol), low energy expenditure and cheap apparatus (i.e., maceration at room temperature). Among the evaluated species, the extracts of Hedychium gardnerianum, Cistus symphytifolius and Salvia canariensis are the most active (50 mg/mL), revealing an increase in C. capitata adults' mortality from 21.15% to 27.41% after 72 h, a value statistically identical to azadirachtin (25.93%) at the recommended concentration (0.88 mg/mL). Considering the quantity and biomass available to prepare a biopesticide in the future, and the level of activity, the ethanolic extract of H. gardnerianum was fractionated and each fraction tested. The water fraction at 50 mg/mL proved to be more effective than the original extract, both in terms of mortality (57.69%), with LT50 = 72.5 h, and oviposition deterrence (83.43%), values statistically higher than those obtained by azadirachtin at 0.88 mg/mL. Analysis of this fraction by HPLC-MS/MS showed that it is mainly composed of glycosylated derivatives of quercetin and myricetin in addition to some triterpenes. These findings highlight some Macaronesian species, and in particular, the more polar fraction of H. gardnerianum ethanolic extract, as promising and ecological alternatives to conventional insecticides, for use in the integrated management of the C. capitata pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson R. Tavares
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Azorean Biodiversity Group & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (W.R.T.); (A.M.L.S.)
| | - Ignacio A. Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Luísa Oliveira
- CBA—Biotechnology Centre of Azores, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (L.O.)
| | - Maria Kuhtinskaja
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (M.K.); (M.V.)
| | - Merike Vaher
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (M.K.); (M.V.)
| | - José S. Rosa
- CBA—Biotechnology Centre of Azores, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (L.O.)
| | - Ana M. L. Seca
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Azorean Biodiversity Group & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (W.R.T.); (A.M.L.S.)
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel L. Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Maria do Carmo Barreto
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Azorean Biodiversity Group & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (W.R.T.); (A.M.L.S.)
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Liu G, Cao L, Han R. Plant quercetin degradation by gut bacterium Raoultella terrigena of ghost moth Thitarodes xiaojinensis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1079550. [PMID: 36620066 PMCID: PMC9815537 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1079550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Associated microbes of several herbivorous insects can improve insect fitness. However, the contribution of specific insect gut bacterium to plant toxin toxification for its host fitness remains scarce. Here, a gut bacterium Raoultella terrigena from the ghost moth Thitarodes xiaojinensis larvae was identified. This bacterium grew unhindered in the presence of Polygonum viviparum, which is a natural food for ghost moth larvae but showed significant growth inhibition and toxicity against Spodoptera litura. S. litura reared on artificial diets containing 5, 15 and 25% P. viviparum powder after 7 days coculture with R. terrigena were found to have shorter larval and pupal durations than on the diets containing P. viviparum powder but without R. terrigena coculture. HPLC analysis revealed that the content of quercetin in mineral medium containing 15% P. viviparum powder after 7 days coculture with R. terrigena was significantly decreased (79.48%) as compared with that in P. viviparum powder without R. terrigena coculture. In vitro fermentation further verified that R. terrigena could degrade 85.56% quercetin in Lucia-Bertani medium. S. litura reared on artificial diets containing 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/g quercetin after 48 h coculture with R. terrigena were also found to have shorter larval, prepupal and pupal durations, as well as higher average pupal weight and adult emergence rate than on the diets containing quercetin, but without R. terrigena coculture. In addition, R. terrigena was detected in the bud and root tissues of the sterilized P. viviparum, indicating that T. xiaojinensis larvae might acquire this bacterium through feeding. These results demonstrate that the gut bacteria contribute to the degradation of plant toxic molecules to improve the development of herbivorous insects and provide fundamental knowledge for developing effective methods for beneficial insect rearing and pest control.
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Zhang W, Ren H, Sun F, Shen T, Yuan S, Gao X, Tan Y. Evaluation of the Toxicity of Chemical and Biogenic Insecticides to Three Outbreaking Insects in Desert Steppes of Northern China. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14080546. [PMID: 36006208 PMCID: PMC9412978 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14080546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The locusts Oedales asiaticus (Bey-Bienko) and Myrmeleotettix palpalis (Zubovski) (Orthoptera Acrididae) and the leaf beetle Galeruca daurica (Joannis) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) are economically devastating insect species in the desert steppes of Northern China. Control is mainly and frequently dependent on highly toxic chemicals. To date, there have been no complete and comprehensive reports of insecticide applications to these key pests. In this study, laboratory bioassays were carried out to determine and compare the toxicity of twelve insecticides to three outbreaking insects, O. asiaticus, M. palpalis, and G. daurica, from three typical desert steppe regions, SZWQ, XHQ and WLTQQ, respectively. The responses of the two locust species and the leaf beetle were evaluated by topical application and leaf dip bioassay techniques across a range of concentrations to develop dosage–mortality regressions. The insecticides tested included six chemical insecticides (β-cypermethrin, imidacloprid, phoxim, λ-cyhalothrin, methomyl, chlorantraniliprole) and six biogenic insecticides (spinosad, avermectin, rotenone, matrine, azadiracthin, and methoxyfenozide). The results showed that phoxim, λ-cyhalothrin, β-cypermethrin and spinosad showed highly toxic activity to O.asiaticus, M. palpalis, and G. daurica, while methonyl, chlorantraniliprole, and rotenone were moderately toxic to both locust species and the leaf beetle. The LC50 values of matrine, azadiractin, and avermectin were more than 1 μg a.i./adult for O. asiaticus and M. palpalis, the LC50 values of which were higher 2 g/L for G. daurica. Our findings complement information from previous similar studies and will inform future studies relating to the control of outbreaking insects, such as O.asiaticus, M. palpalis, and G. daurica in desert steppes of northern China. This study is also expected to provide basic data on the use of chemical and biogenic insecticides for application in desert steppes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Hao Ren
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Feilong Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, China
| | - Tingting Shen
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yao Tan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010010, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-157-3471-5085
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Schnarr L, Segatto ML, Olsson O, Zuin VG, Kümmerer K. Flavonoids as biopesticides - Systematic assessment of sources, structures, activities and environmental fate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153781. [PMID: 35176375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biopesticides obtained from renewable resources and associated with biodegradability have the potential to address resource limitations and environmental pollution, often caused by many conventional pesticides, due to the facility of natural products to run in natural nutrient cycles. Flavonoids are considered benign substitutes for pesticides, however, little comprehensive information of their pesticidal activities and critical evaluation of their associated advantages is available. Therefore, this systematic review assessed sources, structures, activities and the environmental fate of flavonoids on a basis of 201 selected publications. We identified 281 different flavonoids that were investigated for their pesticidal activity as either a pure compound or a flavonoid-containing extract, with quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, luteolin and their glycosides as the most studied compounds. Agricultural or food waste, a potential sustainable source for flavonoids, represent 10.6% of the plant sources of flavonoids within these studies, showing the currently underutilization of these preferable feedstocks. Analysis of pesticidal activities and target organisms revealed a broad target spectrum for the class of flavonoids, including fungi, insects, plants, bacteria, algae, nematodes, molluscs and barnacles. Little information is available on the environmental fate and biodegradation of flavonoids, and a connection to studies investigating pesticidal activities is largely missing. Emerging from these findings is the need for comprehensive understanding of flavonoids pesticidal activities with emphasis on structural features that influence activity and target specificity to avoid risks for non-target organisms. Only if the target spectrum and environmental fate of a potential biopesticide are known it can serve as a benign substitute. Then, flavonoids can be integrated in a valorization process of agricultural and food waste shifting the extract-produce-consume linear chain to a more circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Schnarr
- Institute of Sustainable Chemistry, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
| | - Mateus L Segatto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís (SP-310), km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Oliver Olsson
- Institute of Sustainable Chemistry, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Vânia G Zuin
- Institute of Sustainable Chemistry, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís (SP-310), km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Klaus Kümmerer
- Institute of Sustainable Chemistry, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany; Research and Education, International Sustainable Chemistry Collaborative Centre (ISC(3)), Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany.
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10
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Wang Y, Li S, Du G, Hu G, Zhang Y, Tu X, Zhang Z. An Analysis of the Possible Migration Routes of Oedaleus decorus asiaticus Bey-Bienko (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Mongolia to China. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13010072. [PMID: 35055915 PMCID: PMC8781545 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Airflow is very important for the long-distance migration of O. decorus asiaticus, and wind shear, in particular, is the main factor related to forced landing. Analyzing the weather records, we found that the northwest wind prevailed when the population invaded. Specifically, from July to August, a large number of emerging adults appeared in the source areas of Mongolia, and the large-scale northwest wind was the decisive condition for the successful long-distance migration of O. decorus asiaticus. The species has a strong migratory ability, flying along the airflow for several nights. If the northwest air current meets the southwest warm current going north, a large number of O. decorus asiaticus will drop due to wind shear, and then a major outbreak will occur. Analysis of the source of the insects shows that the O. decorus asiaticus break outs in China may have originated from Mongolia. They were brought into China by the southerly airflow at night, and they likely made a forced landing in Beijing due to wind shear, sinking airflow, rainfall and other reasons. In summary, through analysis of the insect’s prevalence and the meteorological conditions in Mongolia, we can provide a basis for predicting the occurrence of O. decorus asiaticus in China. Abstract Oedaleus decorus asiaticus (Bey-Bienko) is a destructive pest in grasslands and adjacent farmland in northern China, Mongolia, and other countries in Asia. It has been supposed that this insect pest can migrate a long distance and then induce huge damages, however, the migration mechanism is still unrevealed. The current study uses insect light trap data from Yanqing (Beijing), together with regional meteorological data to determine how air flow contributes to the long-distance migration of O. decorus asiaticus. Our results indicate that sinking airflow is the main factor leading to the insects’ forced landing, and the prevailing northwest wind was associated with O. decorus asiaticus taking off in the northwest and moving southward with the airflow from July to September. Meanwhile, the insects have a strong migratory ability, flying along the airflow for several nights. Thus, when the airflow from the northwest met the northward-moving warm current from the southwest, a large number of insects were dropped due to sinking airflow, resulting in a large outbreak. Our simulations suggest that the source of the grasshoppers involved in these outbreaks during early 2000s in northern China probably is in Mongolia, and all evidence indicates that there are two important immigrant routes for O. decorus asiaticus migration from Mongolia to Beijing. These findings improves our understanding of the factors guiding O. decorus asiaticus migration, providing valuable information to reduce outbreaks in China that have origins from outside the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100125, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Institute of Applied Agricultural Micro-Organisms, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanchang 330008, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100125, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot 026000, China
| | - Guilin Du
- National Animal Husbandry Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;
| | - Gao Hu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100125, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (X.T.); Tel.: +86-10-82109569 (Y.Z. & X.T.)
| | - Xiongbing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100125, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot 026000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (X.T.); Tel.: +86-10-82109569 (Y.Z. & X.T.)
| | - Zehua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100125, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.Z.)
- Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot 026000, China
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11
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Nakano M, Morgan-Richards M, Trewick SA, Clavijo-McCormick A. Chemical Ecology and Olfaction in Short-Horned Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae). J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:121-140. [PMID: 35001201 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01333-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chemoreception plays a crucial role in the reproduction and survival of insects, which often rely on their sense of smell and taste to find partners, suitable habitats, and food sources, and to avoid predators and noxious substances. There is a substantial body of work investigating the chemoreception and chemical ecology of Diptera (flies) and Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies); but less is known about the Orthoptera (grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, and wēta). Within the Orthoptera, the family Acrididae contains about 6700 species of short-horned grasshoppers. Grasshoppers are fascinating organisms to study due to their significant taxonomic and ecological divergence, however, most chemoreception and chemical ecology studies have focused on locusts because they are agricultural pests (e.g., Schistocerca gregaria and Locusta migratoria). Here we review studies of chemosensory systems and chemical ecology of all short-horned grasshoppers. Applications of genome editing tools and entomopathogenic microorganism to control locusts in association with their chemical ecology are also discussed. Finally, we identify gaps in the current knowledge and suggest topics of interest for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Nakano
- Wildlife & Ecology, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand.
| | - Mary Morgan-Richards
- Wildlife & Ecology, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
| | - Steven A Trewick
- Wildlife & Ecology, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, 4410, New Zealand
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12
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Shi G, Kang Z, Liu H, Ren F, Zhou Y. The effects of quercetin combined with nucleopolyhedrovirus on the growth and immune response in the silkworm (Bombyx mori). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 108:e21839. [PMID: 34427962 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that help plants resist insect attack. It can resist insect attack by inhibiting insect immune defense, and pathogens can also inhibit insect immune defense. It is speculated that the combination of flavonoids and pathogens may inhibit the immune defense and have stronger toxicity to silkworm. In this study, the combined treatment of quercetin with Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) had significant negative effects on the growth and survival of silkworm compared with BmNPV group. The detoxifying enzyme activity of BmNPV group was significantly increased at 96 h, while the activity of the combined treatment group was significantly decreased with the increase of quercetin exposure time (72 or 96 h). The activity of antioxidant enzymes also showed a similar trend, that was, the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the combined treatment group also decreased significantly with the increase of quercetin exposure time, which led to the increase of reactive oxygen species content. The silkworm cells would produce lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde content was significantly increased, so that the expression of immune-related genes (the antimicrobial peptide, Toll pathway, IMD pathway, JAK-STAT pathway, and melanin genes) were decreased, leading to the damage of the immune system of silkworm. These results indicated that quercetin combined with BmNPV could inhibit the activities of protective enzymes and lead to oxidative damage to silkworm. It can also affect the immune response of the silkworm, and thus resulting in abnormal growth. This study provides the novel conclusion that quercetin accumulation will increase the susceptibility of silkworm to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Shi
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Kang
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Ren
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Jiang D, Wu S, Tan M, Wang Q, Zheng L, Yan SC. The high adaptability of Hyphantria cunea larvae to cinnamic acid involves in detoxification, antioxidation and gut microbiota response. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 174:104805. [PMID: 33838706 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hyphantria cunea is one of the most destructive invasive agricultural and forest pests worldwide. In order to better understand the adaptation mechanism of H. cunea larvae to secondary metabolites of their highly diversified host plants, the physiological function and detoxification ability of midgut, as well as the gut microbial community were investigated in H. cunea larvae fed with cinnamic acid-treated artificial diets. Our results showed that cinnamic acid treatment could not affect the growth and food utilization of H. cunea larvae, as evidenced by a non-significantly altered larval body weight and efficiency of conversion of ingested food. Evaluation of oxidative stress-related parameters (e.g. malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide) and midgut histopathology also clearly confirmed that cinnamic acid treatment caused no significant oxidative damage and pathological changes in the larval midgut. Variance analysis showed that cinnamic acid treatment significantly increased the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid and glutathione), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and peroxidase) and detoxification enzyme (carboxylate esterase), as well as the abundance of several gut microbiota at the genus level (Hydrogenophaga and Acinetobacter) involved in the organic substance degradation in larval midgut. Further Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that these strongly altered gut microbiota at the genus level appeared to be significantly correlated with the detoxification and antioxidation parameters. These findings demonstrate the high adaptability of H. cunea larvae to cinnamic acid involves in detoxification, antioxidation and gut microbiota response, and indicate the existence of an extremely effective counter-defense mechanism for H. cunea larvae against the secondary metabolites of host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Jiang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Shuai Wu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Mingtao Tan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Shan-Chun Yan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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14
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Li S, Xu C, Du G, Wang G, Tu X, Zhang Z. Synergy in Efficacy of Artemisia sieversiana Crude Extract and Metarhizium anisopliae on Resistant Oedaleus asiaticus. Front Physiol 2021; 12:642893. [PMID: 33828488 PMCID: PMC8019718 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.642893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to explore the synergistic control effect of crude extracts of Artemisia sieversiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on Oedaleus asiaticus, we used different doses of M. anisopliae and crude extracts of A. sieversiana singly and in combination, to determine their toxicities to fourth instar O. asiaticus. The results showed that the combination of 10% crude extract of A. sieversiana with 107 and 108 spores/g M. anisopliae concentrations and the combination of 20% crude extract of A. sieversiana with 107 and 108 spores/g M. anisopliae concentrations had significant effects on the mortality, body weight gain, body length gain, growth rate, and overall performance of O. asiaticus than those of the crude extract of A. sieversiana and M. anisopliae alone. Among them, the 20% A. sieversiana crude extract mixed with 108 spores/g M. anisopliae and 10% A. sieversiana crude extract combined with 107 spores/g M. anisopliae, had the best control efficacy. In order to clarify the biochemical mechanism underlying the immune responses of O. asiaticus to the pesticide treatments, we monitored the activities of four enzymes: superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO). The results showed that the activities of three enzymes (SOD, CAT, and PPO) were significantly increased from the treatment with the combination of M. anisopliae mixed with crude extract of A. sieversiana. Interestingly, compared to the crude extract, the combination treatment did not significantly induce the expression of POD enzyme activity, which may be a biochemical factor for increasing the control effect of the combination treatment. Our results showed that the combination treatment had synergistic and antagonistic effects on host mortality, growth, development, and enzyme activities in O. asiaticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot, China
| | - Chaomin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot, China
| | - Guilin Du
- National Animal Husbandry Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot, China
| | - Xiongbing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot, China
| | - Zehua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in Xilin Gol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot, China
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15
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Sheng S, Wang J, Zhang XR, Liu ZX, Yan MW, Shao Y, Zhou JC, Wu FA, Wang J. Evaluation of Sensitivity to Phoxim and Cypermethrin in an Endoparasitoid, Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Its Parasitization Efficiency Under Insecticide Stress. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2021; 21:6134349. [PMID: 33580255 PMCID: PMC7881259 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides can have consequences for beneficial arthropods. Insect parasitoids can contact insecticides through direct exposure spray droplets or residues on crop foliage. Here, we focus on better understand the response of Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael), a parasitoid wasp of lepidopteran pests, and its detoxification mechanisms on stress caused by phoxim and cypermethrin. Hence, we determined the dose-mortality curves and estimating the sublethal concentrations (LC30 and LC50). Then, we applied the sublethal concentrations against adult parasitoids to assess its survival, parasitism efficacy, and also developmental and morphometric parameters of their offspring. Simultaneously, we check the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and peroxidase (POD) after sublethal exposure of both insecticides, which has measured until 48 h after treatment. Overall, phoxim and cypermethrin exhibited acute lethal activity toward the parasitoid with LC50 values 4.608 and 8.570 mg/liter, respectively. Also, we detect that LC30 was able to trigger the enzymatic activity of GST, AChE, and POD, suggesting a potential detoxification mechanism. However, even when subjected to sublethal exposure, our results indicate strong negatives effects, in particular for phoxim, which has affected the parasitism efficacy and also the developmental and morphometric parameters of M. pulchricornis offspring. Therefore, it can be concluded that both phoxim and cypermethrin have negative impacts on M. pulchricornis and we suggest cautioning their use and the need for semifield and field assessments to confirm such an impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Sheng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Xiao-rui Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Zhi-xiang Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Meng-wen Yan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Ying Shao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Jin-cheng Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Fu-an Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
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16
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Li WB, Gao Y, Cui J, Shi SS. Effects of Temperature on the Development and Fecundity of Atractomorpha Sinensis (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2530-2539. [PMID: 32924064 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Over the recent years, Atractomorpha sinensis I. Bolivar, has emerged as an important agricultural pest in China. However, the biological characteristics of A. sinensis remain largely unknown, which can hinder the prediction of its population dynamics. Thus, understanding the impact of temperature on the developmental period of A. sinensis is crucial to predict its population dynamics. The biological characteristics of A. sinensis were systematically observed at five different temperatures (16, 20, 24, 28, and 32°C) using the age-stage, two-sex life table method. The results demonstrated that the developmental period, preadult time, adult longevity, adult preoviposition period, and total preoviposition period were significantly reduced when the temperature was elevated from 16 to 32°C. The developmental threshold temperatures of egg, nymph, preoviposition period, female adult, male adult, and generation were 9.14, 10.44, 12.53, 10.97, 12.47, and 10.58°C, respectively, with the corresponding effective accumulated temperatures of 452.31, 575.99, 169.58, 528.13, 340.81, and 1447.95 degree-days. With an increase in temperature, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) were increased, while the mean generation time (T) was shortened. The optimal values of net reproductive rate (R0= 73.00 offspring) and fecundity (244.55 eggs) were determined at 24°C. Similarly, the population trend index (I) of A. sinensis was found to be highest at 24°C. Our findings indicate that A. sinensis has the greatest rate of population growth at 24°C, which can provide a scientific basis for predicting the in-field population dynamics of A. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yu Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Juan Cui
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin, PR China
| | - Shu-Sen Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
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17
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Li S, Cui DN, Ullah H, Chen J, Liu SF, Whitman DW, Zhang ZH, Tu XB. Transcriptomic Analysis Following Artificial Selection for Grasshopper Size. INSECTS 2020; 11:E176. [PMID: 32164277 PMCID: PMC7142927 DOI: 10.3390/insects11030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the transcriptomes of Romalea microptera grasshoppers after 8 years of artificial selection for either long or short thoraces. Evolution proceeded rapidly during the experiment, with a 13.3% increase and a 32.2% decrease in mean pronotum lengths (sexes combined) in the up- and down-selected colonies, respectively, after only 11 generations. At least 16 additional traits also diverged between the two colonies during the selection experiment. Transcriptomic analysis identified 693 differentially expressed genes, with 386 upregulated and 307 downregulated (55.7% vs. 44.3%), including cellular process, metabolic process, binding, general function prediction only, and signal transduction mechanisms. Many of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are known to influence animal body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.L.); (D.-N.C.); (H.U.); (J.C.); (S.-F.L.)
| | - Dong-Nan Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.L.); (D.-N.C.); (H.U.); (J.C.); (S.-F.L.)
| | - Hidayat Ullah
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.L.); (D.-N.C.); (H.U.); (J.C.); (S.-F.L.)
- Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.L.); (D.-N.C.); (H.U.); (J.C.); (S.-F.L.)
| | - Shao-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.L.); (D.-N.C.); (H.U.); (J.C.); (S.-F.L.)
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Materials Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang-330013, China
| | - Douglas W. Whitman
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61761, USA
| | - Ze-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.L.); (D.-N.C.); (H.U.); (J.C.); (S.-F.L.)
| | - Xiong-Bing Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (S.L.); (D.-N.C.); (H.U.); (J.C.); (S.-F.L.)
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