1
|
Herren P, Dunn AM, Meyling NV, Savio C, Hesketh H. Effect of CO 2 Concentrations on Entomopathogen Fitness and Insect-Pathogen Interactions. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:34. [PMID: 38261023 PMCID: PMC10805855 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Numerous insect species and their associated microbial pathogens are exposed to elevated CO2 concentrations in both artificial and natural environments. However, the impacts of elevated CO2 on the fitness of these pathogens and the susceptibility of insects to pathogen infections are not well understood. The yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, is commonly produced for food and feed purposes in mass-rearing systems, which increases risk of pathogen infections. Additionally, entomopathogens are used to control T. molitor, which is also a pest of stored grains. It is therefore important to understand how elevated CO2 may affect both the pathogen directly and impact on host-pathogen interactions. We demonstrate that elevated CO2 concentrations reduced the viability and persistence of the spores of the bacterial pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis. In contrast, conidia of the fungal pathogen Metarhizium brunneum germinated faster under elevated CO2. Pre-exposure of the two pathogens to elevated CO2 prior to host infection did not affect the survival probability of T. molitor larvae. However, larvae reared at elevated CO2 concentrations were less susceptible to both pathogens compared to larvae reared at ambient CO2 concentrations. Our findings indicate that whilst elevated CO2 concentrations may be beneficial in reducing host susceptibility in mass-rearing systems, they may potentially reduce the efficacy of the tested entomopathogens when used as biological control agents of T. molitor larvae. We conclude that CO2 concentrations should be carefully selected and monitored as an additional environmental factor in laboratory experiments investigating insect-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Herren
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, 1871, Denmark
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Alison M Dunn
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Nicolai V Meyling
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg, 1871, Denmark
| | - Carlotta Savio
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, Micalis Institute, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, AgroParisTech, 78350, France
- Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Hesketh
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bharathi VSK, Jian F, Jayas DS. Biology, Ecology, and Behavior of Rusty Grain Beetle ( Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens)). INSECTS 2023; 14:590. [PMID: 37504596 PMCID: PMC10380273 DOI: 10.3390/insects14070590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cryptolestes ferrugineus, the rusty grain beetle, is a cosmopolitan pest that has adapted to cool and warm climates due to its unique biology, ecology, and behavior. The rusty grain beetle is a pest of high economic importance; hence, understanding their biology, ecology, and behavior could be useful in designing effective management strategies. An extensive literature survey was conducted using the databases Web of Science and Scopus. Information on country-wise publications from 1949 to 2023 on C. ferrugineus was provided, and a table illustrating the distribution of C. ferrugineus was also presented to demonstrate the global significance of C. ferrugineus. We overviewed their life stages, morphology, and factors influencing their biology, ecology, and behavior, such as refuge-seeking behavior, flight activity, mating behavior, interspecific interaction with other species, movement, and distribution. Mathematical models focusing on C. ferrugineus population dynamics and movement were also presented. In order to advance our knowledge on C. ferrugineus, the following possible avenues for future research were outlined: application of molecular markers and population genetic approaches to understand their evolutionary history; mechanisms responsible for adaptation and resistance to insecticide; interspecific interaction in storage facilities and wider landscapes; and identification of microbial roles in the ecology, behavior, and control of C. ferrugineus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vimala S K Bharathi
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
| | - Fuji Jian
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
| | - Digvir S Jayas
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang X, Ding X, Fu K, Guo W, Zhan F, Yuan Z, Jia Z, Zhou L, Jiang X, Ghenijan O, Li Z, Dai J, Xie Y, Wang Z, Xinping Y. Molecular Identification and Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Fungi Isolates Against Larvae of the Asian Corn Borer
Ostrinia furnacalis
(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Xinjiang, China. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2979-2992. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Wang
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis Ministry of Agriculture Ürümqi PR China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis Ministry of Agriculture Ürümqi PR China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ürümqi PR China
| | - Kaiyun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis Ministry of Agriculture Ürümqi PR China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ürümqi PR China
| | - Wenchao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis Ministry of Agriculture Ürümqi PR China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ürümqi PR China
| | - Faqiang Zhan
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
| | - Zihan Yuan
- College of Agriculture Xinjiang Agricultural University Ürümqi PR China
| | - Zunzun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis Ministry of Agriculture Ürümqi PR China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ürümqi PR China
| | - Liuyan Zhou
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
| | - Xudong Jiang
- College of Agriculture Xinjiang Agricultural University Ürümqi PR China
| | - Osman Ghenijan
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
| | - Zhi Li
- Institute of Agricultural Economics and Technology Information, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ürümqi PR China
| | - Jinping Dai
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
| | - Yuqing Xie
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
| | - Yang Xinping
- Institute of Microbiology Applications, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cisneros J, Wendel J, Jaronski S, Vitek C, Ciomperlik M, Flores D. Assessment of Two Novel Host-Derived Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Isolates Against the Citrus Pest, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:56-64. [PMID: 34875693 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), vectors 'Candidatus Liberibacter spp.', the causative agent of Citrus Greening Disease (CGD) or Huanglongbing (HLB). Managing populations of psyllids in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV), TX, United States is imperative given a continuous increase in HLB-positive trees. A component of integrated pest management (IPM) program is the use of strains of entomopathogenic fungi for the biological control of D. citri. In an attempt to find endemic strains of entomopathogenic fungi that grow favorably under LRGV environmental conditions and naturally infect D. citri, psyllids were collected from local residential areas, surface sterilized, and plated on a semi-selective agar medium. Collection of over 9,300 samples from 278 sites throughout the LRGV led to the positive identification of two Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivellii) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) isolates, ACP18001 and ACP18002. Chi-square analysis of primary and secondary acquisition bioassays revealed that both field isolated strains outperformed Cordyceps (Isaria) fumosorosea (Wize) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Apopka97 under both primary (direct spray) and secondary acquisition (adult exposure to sprayed foliage) bioassays with ACP18002 marginally outperforming ACP18001 under secondary acquisition. Slopes of the dose response regression lines for the three fungi were not significantly different. In addition, the thermal profiles for vegetative growth of each isolate indicated that the field isolates grew at higher rates than the standard at higher temperatures. The new isolates may prove to be good candidates for the management of D. citri populations in the LRGV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cisneros
- USDA APHIS PPQ S&T Insect Management & Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Justin Wendel
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Center for Vector-Borne Diseases, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | | | - Christopher Vitek
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Center for Vector-Borne Diseases, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Ciomperlik
- USDA APHIS PPQ S&T Insect Management & Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Flores
- USDA APHIS PPQ S&T Insect Management & Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Edinburg, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gutiérrez Román AIF, Laynes Zela PF, Acuña Payano RK, Nolasco Cárdenas OP, Santa-Cruz Carpio CM, Leiva Eriksson NR. Production of Sustainable Proteins Through the Conversion of Insects to Proteins Using Beauveria bassiana Cultures. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.760274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various strategies are being suggested to solve the challenges in the food system, such as changing the source of nutrients, including the use of non-traditional food sources such as insects. Although insects are promoted as a cheap and sustainable source of protein, consumers are reluctant to eat them. The mycoproteins produced by fungi, on the other hand, are very well received and appreciated by consumers. Thus, in this work we have studied the use of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) for the production of protein using insects as feed. B. bassiana was cultivated in culture medium containing entire insects from the species Eurysacca and Hypothenemus or single carbon sources such as glucose or laminarin from Laminaria digitata. The results showed that B. bassiana can produce up to 16-fold more biomass and 8-fold more protein when grown in insect-based medium than when grown in glucose. The results also indicated that the production of proteins continuously increased when B. bassiana was grown in medium containing insects, reaching its maximum at 9 days (up to 3 mg/mL). On the other hand, when cultivated in glucose-supplemented medium, the production of proteins was constantly low (~0.5 mg/mL). In conclusion, B. bassiana was a large biomass producer and exuded a large amount of protein when grown in medium containing insect powder, making it an ideal intermediate link between insects and protein. Furthermore, the proteins produced by fungi such as B. bassiana can be used in the food, health, and cosmetic industries.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rizwan M, Atta B, Arshad M, Khan RR, Dageri A, Rizwan M, Ullah MI. Nondetrimental impact of two concomitant entomopathogenic fungi on life history parameters of a generalist predator, Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Sci Rep 2021; 11:20699. [PMID: 34667179 PMCID: PMC8526579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-persistent impact of biocontrol agents can be revealed for pest control when associated entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) negatively affect the natural enemies. In this assay, impacts of Beauvaria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were studied for their compatibility or side effects on life table parameters of an important generalist predator, Coccinella septempunctata L. The results indicated non-significant impacts of both EPFs on life table parameters of C. septempunctata. The development time (egg-adult) was not significantly different in control (69.79 days) and EPFs treated C. septempunctata (69.35-80.07 days). Both fungi did not induce any significant changes in the fecundity, adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), total preoviposition period (TPOP), and mean generation time (T) as compared to control treatment. Similarly, no difference in fecundity rate of C. septempunctata was observed after EPFs treatment (287.7-288.5) compared to control (290.0). The highest net reproductive rate (R0) occurred in control (87.05 offspring individual-1) and M. anisopliae (86.31 offspring individual-1) as compared to B. bassiana treated beetles (76.97 offspring individual-1). The age-specific fecundity curves indicated that the C. septempunctata had a similar fecundity rate in both EPFs treatments and control. This study demonstrates no significant side effects of B. bassiana and M. anispoliae on the performance and biology of C. septempunctata. Considering the compatibility of both EPFs with C. septempunctata, their combinations can be recommended in various integrated pest management programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Sheikhupura, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Atta
- Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Sheikhupura, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Department of Entomology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100 Pakistan ,grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693China-Pakistan Joint Research Centre for Citrus Disease and Insect Pest Management, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100 Pakistan
| | - Rashad Rasool Khan
- grid.413016.10000 0004 0607 1563Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asli Dageri
- grid.411124.30000 0004 1769 6008Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Meram, Konya Turkey
| | - Misbah Rizwan
- Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Sheikhupura, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan Ullah
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Department of Entomology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100 Pakistan ,grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693China-Pakistan Joint Research Centre for Citrus Disease and Insect Pest Management, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100 Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salimova D, Dalinova A, Dubovik V, Senderskiy I, Stepanycheva E, Tomilova O, Hu Q, Berestetskiy A. Entomotoxic Activity of the Extracts from the Fungus, Alternaria tenuissima and Its Major Metabolite, Tenuazonic Acid. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:774. [PMID: 34575812 PMCID: PMC8468458 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of fungal antibiotics in their competitive interactions with arthropods may lead to the development of novel biorational insecticides. Extracts of Alternaria tenuissima MFP253011 obtained using various methods showed a wide range of biological activities, including entomotoxic properties. Analysis of their composition and bioactivity allowed us to reveal several known mycotoxins and unidentified compounds that may be involved in the entomotoxic activity of the extracts. Among them, tenuazonic acid (TeA), which was the major component of the A. tenuissima extracts, was found the most likely to have larvicidal activity against Galleria mellonella. In the intrahaemocoel injection bioassay, TeA was toxic to G. mellonella and of Zophobas morio with an LT50 of 6 and 2 days, respectively, at the level of 50 µg/larva. Administered orally, TeA inhibited the growth of G. mellonella larvae and caused mortality of Acheta domesticus adults (LT50 7 days) at a concentration of 250 µg/g of feed. TeA showed weak contact intestinal activity against the two phytophages, Tetranychus urticae and Schizaphis graminum, causing 15% and 27% mortality at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, respectively. TeA was cytotoxic to the Sf9 cell line (IC50 25 µg/mL). Thus, model insects such as G. mellonella could be used for further toxicological characterization of TeA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Salimova
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Anna Dalinova
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Vsevolod Dubovik
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Igor Senderskiy
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Elena Stepanycheva
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Oksana Tomilova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Frunze Str. 11, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Alexander Berestetskiy
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Evaluation of Locally Isolated Entomopathogenic Fungi against Multiple Life Stages of Bactrocera zonata and Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae): Laboratory and Field Study. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081791. [PMID: 34442870 PMCID: PMC8399649 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit flies including Bactrocera zonata and B. dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) are considered major pests of orchard systems in Pakistan. This study evaluated the laboratory virulence, sub-lethal effects, horizontal transmission, greenhouse, and field-cage efficacy of locally isolated entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) against B. zonata and B. dorsalis. In virulence assays against third instars and adults, all 21 EPF isolates (Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae) tested were pathogenic and caused varying levels of mortality to the fruit flies. Based on the initial screening, four isolates (B. bassiana WG-21 and WG-18 and M. anisopliae WG-07 and WG-02) were selected for further study. The isolate WG-18 was the most virulent against larvae and adults of B. zonata and B. dorsalis followed by WG-21, WG-02, and WG-07. In both species, adults were more susceptible than larvae to all isolates, and pupae were the least susceptible. Isolates WG-18 and WG-21 strongly decreased female fecundity and fertility, the highest adult and larval mortality, and longest developmental time of larvae and pupae. Fungal conidia were disseminated passively from infected to healthy adults and induced significant mortality, particularly from infected males to non-infected females. In greenhouse and field-cage experiments, WG-18 and WG-21 were the most effective isolates in reducing adult emergence when applied to larvae and pupae of both fruit fly species. Our results indicate that B. bassiana isolates WG-18 and WG-21 were the most virulent against multiple life stages of B. zonata and B. dorsalis, and also exerted the strongest sub-lethal effects.
Collapse
|
9
|
Insect-fungal-interactions: A detailed review on entomopathogenic fungi pathogenicity to combat insect pests. Microb Pathog 2021; 159:105122. [PMID: 34352375 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Global food security is threatened by insect pests of economically important crops. Chemical pesticides have been used frequently for the last few decades to manage insect pests throughout the world. However, these chemicals are hazardous for human health as well as the ecosystem. In addition, several pests have evolved resistance to many chemicals. Finding environment friendly alternatives lead the researchers to introduce biocontrol agents such as entomopathogenic fungi (EPF). These fungi include various genera that can infect and kill insects efficiently. Moreover, EPFs have considerable host specificity with a mild effect on non-target organisms and can be produced in bulk quantity quickly. However, insights into the biology of EPF and mechanism of action are of prime significance for their efficient utilization as a biocontrol agent. This review focuses on EPF-mediated insect management by explaining particular EPF strains and their general mode of action. We have comprehensively discussed which criteria should be used for the selection of pertinent EPF, and which aspects can impact the EPF efficiency. Finally, we have outlined various advantages of EPF and their limitations. The article summarizes the prospects related to EPF utilization as biocontrol agents. We hope that future strategies for the management of insects will be safer for our planet.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wakil W, Schmitt T, Kavallieratos NG. Persistence and efficacy of enhanced diatomaceous earth, imidacloprid, and Beauveria bassiana against three coleopteran and one psocid stored-grain insects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23459-23472. [PMID: 33449320 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The residual efficacy of the enhanced diatomaceous earth (DE) formulation DEBBM alone and in combination with Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) or with the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid against Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae), and Liposcelis paeta (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) was investigated in the laboratory. The combination treatments were more effective compared to the single treatments against all examined species. The combinations of DEBBM and imidacloprid and imidacloprid with the highest dose rate of B. bassiana provided the highest mortality values against all tested species for 90 days of storage period. The combination of DEBBM plus B. bassiana resulted to the highest mortalities and to the lowest offspring production of all combinations tested after 180 days of storage. Mortality of adults for each test insect species was decreased over the storage period of 6 months, and the progeny production was increased with the extended storage period. Among the tested insect species, L. paeta was the most susceptible to all three grain protectants followed by C. ferrugineus, R. domina, and T. castaneum. The findings of the current study suggest that the use of DEBBM, imidacloprid, and B. bassiana as grain protectants may provide elevated control of major stored-grain insect species during a prolonged period of storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- Department of Biogeography, Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences, Trier University, Trier, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Department of Biogeography, Faculty of Regional and Environmental Sciences, Trier University, Trier, Germany
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, D-15374, Müncheberg, Germany
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Nickolas G Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 118 55, Athens, Attica, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Detection of Phosphine Resistance in Field Populations of Four Key Stored-Grain Insect Pests in Pakistan. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12040288. [PMID: 33810271 PMCID: PMC8067179 DOI: 10.3390/insects12040288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The resistance of coleopteran stored-product pests to phosphine fumigation is becoming a global phenomenon. However, there is limited literature available and a lack of knowledge on this issue in Pakistan. Thus, in the current study, we estimated the status of phosphine resistance among ten populations of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), originated from different regions of Pakistan. Laboratory-susceptible populations of all insect species were also considered in the tests. Concentration–response bioassays were conducted for each insect species. All of the tested populations of each species were found to be resistant to phosphine. However, they varied with regard to their levels of resistance. Overall, R. dominica exhibited the highest resistance level, followed by T. castaneum, T. granarium and S. granarius. Although phosphine is effective against several stored-product pests, the development of resistance may lead to failures in its application in Pakistan. Abstract In Pakistan, the control of stored-product insect pests mainly relies on the use of phosphine gas along with other control tactics. The aim of this study was to determine the level of phosphine resistance among ten differently located populations of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). Laboratory-susceptible populations of all insect species were also considered in the experiments. Concentration–response bioassays were conducted for each species. All of the tested populations (10 out of 10) of each species were found to be resistant to phosphine, but varied in their level of resistance. Probit analysis estimated LC50 at 2.85, 1.90, 2.54 and 2.01 ppm for laboratory-susceptible populations of R. dominica, S. granarius, T. castaneum and T. granarium, respectively. Against R. dominica, the highest and lowest resistance levels were observed in the Rahim Yar Khan (LC50 at 360.90 ppm) and Rawalpindi (LC50 at 210.98 ppm) populations, respectively. These resistant populations were 126.67- and 74.02-fold more resistant than the laboratory population. The Multan and Lahore populations of S. granarius exhibited the maximum (LC50 at 122.81 ppm) and minimum (LC50 at 45.96 ppm) resistance levels, respectively, i.e., they were 64.63- and 24.18-fold more resistant than the laboratory population. The Layyah population of T. castaneum showed the maximum resistance level (LC50 at 305.89 ppm) while the lowest was observed in the Lahore population (LC50 at 186.52 ppm), corresponding to 120.42- and 73.43-fold more resistant than the laboratory population, respectively. Regarding T. granarium, the Layyah population showed the maximum resistance level (LC50 at 169.99 ppm) while the Lahore population showed the minimum resistance (LC50 at 74.50 ppm), i.e., they were 84.57- and 37.06-fold more resistant than the laboratory population, respectively. Overall, R. dominica presented the highest resistance level, followed by T. castaneum, T. granarium and S. granarius. The current study suggests that the application of phosphine may not be an adequate control strategy for the management of the above tested insect pests in Pakistan.
Collapse
|
12
|
Characterization of fungal flora associated with sternorrhyncha insects of cotton plants. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
13
|
Waghunde RR, Shinde CU, Pandey P, Singh C. Fungal Biopesticides for Agro-Environmental Sustainability. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67561-5_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
14
|
The Effect of Grain Type on Virulence of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Stored Product Pests. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fungal virulence is multifaceted and dependent on multiple abiotic factors. The present study represents an investigation of the effect of one such abiotic factor, that of the grain type, on the insecticidal action of three entomopathogenic fungal species, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinkoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and Isaria fumosorosea Wize (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on larvae of the three very common and destructive stored product pests: the khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). To this end, we selected four different grains, i.e., Triticum aestivum L. (Poales: Poaceae), Oryza sativa L. (Poales: Poaceae), Arachis hypogaea L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) and Vicia faba L. (Fabales: Fabaceae). Bioassays were carried out in the lab, where experimental grains were sprayed with 1 mL of conidial suspension (108 conidia/mL) from each isolate. Mean mortality, median survival time and weight loss of seeds were estimated for each species. Our results suggest that the differences in the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi were dependent both on the isolates and the grain. The grain type as a factor is equally important to other abiotic factors.
Collapse
|
15
|
Edde PA. Biology, Ecology, and Control of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae): A Review. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:1011-1031. [PMID: 30698784 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne(F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae), is an important pest in the food and tobacco industry in many regions of the world. Despite a great deal of research, control of this pest still relies on the use of phosphine fumigation, which is becoming less effective as the insect develops resistance to this compound. In addition, series of other nonchemical methods used to control the insect have given mixed and irregular results. This review summarizes and discusses information on important aspects of the biology and ecology of the cigarette beetle, and its control. The topics covered include a taxonomic discussion of the cigarette beetle, which includes a discussion of other anobiid species of economic importance. The mating behavior of the insect and conditions favorable for pest development were described. The review also includes a discussion of the life stages of the insect, its feeding habit, and economic damage. Important aspects of its chemical ecology and a discussion on the association between this species and its microorganisms, and major natural enemies, were presented. A summary of its flight behavior, including the factors governing flight initiation and temporal and seasonal flight activity were reviewed. Finally, the control methods currently used in the management of the insect were described. The review also identifies potential areas of further research on L. serricorne and gives an analysis of the control methods worthy of further investigation in the search for practical and sustainable methods for the management of this pest.
Collapse
|
16
|
Moreira DC, Oliveira MME, Borba CM. Human Pathogenic Paecilomyces from Food. Microorganisms 2018; 6:microorganisms6030064. [PMID: 29976858 PMCID: PMC6164242 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paecilomyces spp. and Byssochlamys spp. are heat-resistant fungi important to industry because they can cause food and beverage spoilage, incurring economic loss. The consequences of food or beverage fungal colonization is the loss of nutritional value, structure and taste, and the possibility of producing toxic secondary metabolites that may result in medical problems. Furthermore, these fungi can infect animals and humans and it is unknown if contaminated foods may be fomites. P. variotii is the principal agent of food spoilage or contamination and it is most frequently associated with human hyalohyphomycosis with clinical manifestations including peritonitis, cutaneous and disseminated infections, among others. Byssochlamys spp. had not been identified as a cause of systemic infection until the case of a dog with a fungal infection, after immunosuppressive therapy. P. variotii has clinical importance because it causes severe infection in immunosuppressed patients and also because the number of immunocompetent infected patients is increasing. This review draws attention to the ability of these species to grow at high temperatures, to colonize food products, and to cause human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielly C Moreira
- Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Manoel M E Oliveira
- Laboratory of Mycology, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Cintia M Borba
- Laboratory of Taxonomy, Biochemistry and Bioprospecting of Fungi, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong Q, Yuan Y, Zhou Y, Zhang YX, Zhang JP, Yu HB, Jiao BH, Liu XY, Lu XL. Biotransformation of total coumarins of Radix Glehniae by Lecanicillium attenuatum W-1-9. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:675-685. [PMID: 28508666 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1327948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The biotransformation of total coumarins of Radix Glehniae by Lecanicillium attenuatum W-1-9 yielded three new products, lecaniside A (1), lecaniside B (2), and lecaniside C (3). The chemical structures of these metabolites were elucidated based on extensive spectral data, including 2D NMR and HRMS. The hydrogenation, dealkylation, glycosylation, and O-methylation reactions of these metabolites were observed in the present study. In the in vitro assays, compound 1 displayed a little PTP1B inhibitory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Dong
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Ye Yuan
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Yue Zhou
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhang
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Jian-Peng Zhang
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Hao-Bing Yu
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Bing-Hua Jiao
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lu
- a Marine Biopharmaceutical Institute , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hayakawa Y, Kato D, Kamiya K, Minakuchi C, Miura K. Chitin synthase 1 gene is crucial to antifungal host defense of the model beetle, Tribolium castaneum. J Invertebr Pathol 2016; 143:26-34. [PMID: 27867018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the insect cuticle as a primary protective barrier against entomopathogens has long been noted. In the present study, we addressed this issue by utilizing an experimental infection system composed of the model beetle T. castaneum and two entomopathogenic fungal species, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. The pupae were relatively susceptible to these fungi by the natural route of infection, with some refractoriness developed with age, while the adults exhibited much higher refractoriness. Whereas M. anisopliae exhibited seemingly higher infectivity to the pupae compared to B. bassiana when the natural conidium infection was employed, direct inoculation of cultured hyphal body cells into the hemocoel was found highly and equally virulent in the pupae for the both fungal species. These results collectively suggest an important role of the cuticular integument in antifungal host defense, and we subsequently conducted the knockdown of chitin synthase 1 gene (CHS1). We targeted the prepupal and mid-pupal peaks of its expression respectively by using injection of the dsRNA at very low dosages to avoid lethality. The resulting pupae looked normal, but the adults showed a mild phenotype with dimpled/wrinkled elytra. The CHS1 gene knockdown compromised significantly host defense against the fungal infection via the natural route, except the configuration of knockdown pupae and M. anisopliae, suggesting an indispensable role of CHS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Hayakawa
- Applied Entomology Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Daiki Kato
- Applied Entomology Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Katsumi Kamiya
- Applied Entomology Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Chieka Minakuchi
- Applied Entomology Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ken Miura
- Applied Entomology Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|