1
|
Missio D, Leivas FG, Cibin F, Emanuelli T, Somacal S, Buss V, Gasperin B, Oliveira DED, Gonçalves PBD, Ferreira R. Vitamin E reduces the reactive oxygen species production in dominant follicle during the negative energy balance in cattle. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1662-1671. [PMID: 37743826 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In the postpartum period, there is an increase in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in both serum and follicular fluid (FF) of cattle. The increase in fatty acid concentration results in increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can compromise bovine fertility. The objectives of this study were to characterize the lipid profile found in the FF of cows experiencing induced negative energy balance (NEB) and to evaluate the effect of α-tocopherol in the prevention of oxidative stress in the serum and FF of cows. Twenty-nine beef cows were divided into groups: (1) control; (2) Fasting for 24 days; and (3) Fasting + VitE. Between D0 and D4 blood samples were taken to assess concentrations of NEFA, ROS production, total antioxidant capacity (FRAP), lipid peroxidation, and α-tocopherol (vitamin E). On D4, follicular aspiration was performed for analysis of FF from the dominant follicle. Our results demonstrate that fasting was effective in causing increased fat mobilization in animals. The increase in serum concentration of C18:1c9 was reflected in the FF of fasting cows. Serum α-tocopherol concentration was higher in the control and Fasting + VitE groups compared to the Fasting group. In FF, there was an increase of α-tocopherol in the Fasting + VitE group in comparison to Fasting cows. There was an increase in ROS production in the serum of fasting cows. ROS production in FF was higher in the Fasting compared to the Fasting + VitE group. Vitamin E has beneficial effects in reducing ROS production in the dominant follicle of cows in NEB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Missio
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fabio Gallas Leivas
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, BIOTECH, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Francielli Cibin
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, BIOTECH, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- Department of Alimentary Technology and Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Somacal
- Department of Alimentary Technology and Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Buss
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Reproduction, BIOTECH, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Gasperin
- Department of Animal Pathology, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rogério Ferreira
- Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University, Chapecó, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patil S, Das M, Kumar GS, Murthy PS. Coffee leaf extract exhibits anti-obesity property and improves lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced C57BL6 obese mice. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:278. [PMID: 37476547 PMCID: PMC10353976 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03698-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of coffee leaf extract (CLE) on in vitro enzyme inhibition was studied. Furthermore, its impact on the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice (C57BL/6) at the levels of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight along with positive control (orlistat) and the normal group maintained with starch-fed diet (SFD) was observed. CLE had significant α amylase and lipase enzyme inhibitory properties. In HFD-induced obese mice, treatment with CLE significantly reduced the body weight gain. The investigation demonstrated that CLE administration lowered blood glucose, total cholesterol, total triglycerides and LDL levels while increasing the HDL levels. It reduced the development of fatty liver by reducing hepatic fat accumulation and decreased the fat cell size in the adipose tissue. Further, CLE significantly increased the liver antioxidant enzyme activities and lowered the levels of hepatotoxicity markers in the serum when compared to the HFD-fed mice. The treatment also downregulated the mRNA expression of lipogenic transcription factors (SREBP-1c, CEBP-α) and enzymes (ACC, FAS) than HFD. Overall, the results indicate that coffee leaves have anti-obesity potential and can be used as functional ingredients in the development of innovative products for managing lifestyle disorders such as obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhi Patil
- Department of Plantation Products, Spices and Flavour Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Moumita Das
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - G. Suresh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Pushpa S. Murthy
- Department of Plantation Products, Spices and Flavour Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, 570020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hwang KN, Tung HP, Lu YH, Shaw HM. Liquid Chicken Oil Could Be a Healthy Dietary Oil. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:1157-1164. [PMID: 34349090 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess21053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid chicken oil is similar to the human lipid ratio, and is similar to the ideal fatty acids ratio suggested by Hayes, but its benefits remain unclear (Hwang, K.N.; Tung, H.P.; Shaw, H.M. J. Oleo. Sci. 69, 199-206 (2020)). Using soybean oil as a control, liquid chicken oil, coconut oil, lard oil, and olive oil, were tested on SD rats with the rodent diet 5001 plus 1% of high cholesterol addition and moderate 10 % of test oils. Positive results showed that a 10% liquid chicken oil diet reduced LDL and triglycerides, atherogenic index while increasing superoxide dismutase more than the soybean oil control (0.05 ≦ p < 0.10). Moreover, increment of hepatic endogenous glutathione peroxidase was found to be significantly different from the soybean oil control (p < 0.05). In this study, liquid chicken oil had more benefits than vegetable soybean dietary oil, with little evidence of hyperlipidemia. Comparison of the test oils with categories of fatty acids to the idea ratio SFA : MUFA : PUFA = 1 : 1.5 : 1, scored by its average weight implied a parallel trend of lipidemia and hepatic antioxidant activity to its score. It is difficult to use the test of rat to reflect human physiology, it remain 19% different of the fatty acids ratio from human ratio, however, this study reveal that the healthiness of a dietary oil seems relate well to its compatibility to the idea ratio or the host oil ratio, in this case, it is the human ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Huey-Ping Tung
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Department of Pharmacy
| | - Ying-Hua Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
| | - Huey-Mei Shaw
- Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Department of Health and Nutrition, Science
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao W, Chen X, Xiao J, Chen XH, Zhang XF, Wang T, Zhen YG, Qin GX. Prepartum body condition score affects milk yield, lipid metabolism, and oxidation status of Holstein cows. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 32:1889-1896. [PMID: 31010972 PMCID: PMC6819678 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of prepartum body condition score (BCS) on the milk yield, lipid metabolism, and oxidative status of Holstein cows. Methods A total of 112 multiparous Holstein cows were divided into 4 groups according to the BCS at 21 days before calving: medium BCS (3.0~3.25, MBCS), high BCS (3.5~3.75, HBCS), higher BCS (4.0~4.25, HerBCS), and highest BCS (4.5~5.0, HestBCS). Blood samples were collected on 21, 14, and 7 days before calving (precalving), on the calving day (calving), and on 7, 14, and 21 days after calving (postcalving). The indices of lipid metabolism and oxidative status were analyzed using bovine-specific ELISA kit. Colostrum were taken after calving and analyzed by a refractometer and milk analyzer. The individual milk yield was recorded every 3 days. Results The density and levels of immune globulin and lactoprotein of colostrum from Holstein cows in the HestBCS group were the highest (p<0.05). These animals not only had the highest (p<0.05) levels of serum non-esterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate, but also had the highest (p<0.05) levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, vitamin A, and vitamin E. In addition, greater (p<0.05) BCS loss was observed in the HestBCS cows. Conclusion This study demonstrates that the milk yield, lipid metabolism, and oxidative status of Holstein cows are related to prepartum BCS and BCS loss during the transition period. HestBCS cows are more sensitive to oxidative stress and suffer greater loss of BCS after calving, whereas the MBCS animals had better milk yield performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Centre of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xue Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Centre of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Centre of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiao Hui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xue Feng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Centre of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Centre of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yu Guo Zhen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,JLAU-Borui Dairy Science and Technology R&D Centre of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Gui Xin Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin X, Xia Y, Wang G, Yang Y, Xiong Z, Lv F, Zhou W, Ai L. Lactic Acid Bacteria With Antioxidant Activities Alleviating Oxidized Oil Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2684. [PMID: 30459744 PMCID: PMC6232458 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to screening new Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains to alleviating liver injury induced by oxidized oil, we isolated and screened LAB from Chinese fermented foods. Lactobacillus plantarum AR113, Pediococcus pentosaceus AR243, and Lactobacillus plantarum AR501 showed higher scavenging activity of α, α-Diphenyl-β-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and hydrogen radical, stronger inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and better protective effect on yeast cells in vitro. In vivo, oral administration of L. plantarum AR501 improved the antioxidant status of injury mice induced by oxidized oil including decreasing lipid peroxidation, recovering activities of antioxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, the gene expression of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) of L. plantarum AR501 group was markedly elevated, and several antioxidant genes such as glutathione S-transferase (GSTO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-l (NQO1) were subsequently up regulated in mice liver. Therefore, L. plantarum AR501 could be considered as potential candidates for production of functional foods that can alleviate the oxidative damage induced by oxidized oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangna Lin
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijin Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Lv
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Yangzhou Yangda Kangyuan Dairy Ltd., Yangzhou, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chung SI, Lee SC, Yi SJ, Kang MY. Antioxidative and antiproliferative activities of ethanol extracts from pigmented giant embryo rice ( Oryza sativa L. cv. Keunnunjami) before and after germination. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:365-370. [PMID: 30323903 PMCID: PMC6172168 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.5.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress is a major cause of cancer. This study investigated the effects of the ethanol extracts from germinated and non-germinated Keunnunjami rice, a blackish-purple pigmented cultivar with giant embryo, on selected human cancer cell lines and on the antioxidant defense system of mice fed with a high-fat diet. MATERIALS/METHODS High fat-fed mice were orally administered with either distilled water (HF) or extracts (0.25%, w/w) from brown (B), germinated brown (GB), Keunnunjami (K), and germinated Keunnunjami (GK) rice. RESULTS In comparison with the brown rice extract, Keunnunjami extract showed higher anticancer effect against cervical and gastric cell lines but lower anticancer activity on liver and colon cancer cells. Mice from the HF group showed significantly higher lipid peroxidation and lower antioxidant enzyme activities than the control group. However, the oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet markedly decreased in B, GB, K, and GK groups as compared with the HF group. CONCLUSIONS Germination may be an effective method for improving the anticancer and antioxidative properties of Keunnunjami rice and extracts from germinated Keunnunjami rice may serve as a therapeutic agent against cervical and gastric cancers and oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Im Chung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seong Joon Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Mi Young Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Glucometabolic effects of single and repeated exposure to forced-swimming stressor in Sprague-Dawley rats. Endocr Regul 2018; 52:85-92. [DOI: 10.2478/enr-2018-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a single (acute) and repeated (chronic) exposure to forced-swimming stressor on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and glycogen content in male rats.
Methods. Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (12 weeks old) were divided randomly into five groups: control group, single exposure (SE) to forced-swim stressor, repeated exposure to forced-swim stressor for 7 days (RE7), 14 days (RE14) and 28 days (RE28). Glucose tolerance test and Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were undertaken on fasting rats to obtain glucose and insulin profiles. ELISA was performed to assess plasma insulin and corticosterone levels. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high- and low-density lipoproteins, hepatic and skeletal glycogen content were also determined.
Results. Repeated exposure to stressor induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in the experimental rats. Results showed that all RE groups exhibited a significantly higher area under the curve compared with others (p=0.0001); similarly, HOMA-IR increased (p=0.0001) in all RE groups compared with control. Prolonged exposure to stressor significantly increased the plasma insulin and corticosterone levels but decreased the glycogen content in the liver and skeletal muscle when compared with the control group. Additionally, chronic stressor significantly increased the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, however, acute stressor produced significantly elevated high-density lipoproteins level.
Conclusions. In conclusion, repeated exposure to forced-swimming stressor induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in rats by disrupting the insulin sensitivity as well as heightening the glycogenolysis in the liver and skeletal muscle. Acute stressor was unable to cause glucose intolerance and insulin resistance but it appears that may have a positive effect on the lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
8
|
Emam H, Ahmed E, Abdel-Daim M. Antioxidant capacity of omega-3-fatty acids and vitamin E against imidacloprid-induced hepatotoxicity in Japanese quails. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:11694-11702. [PMID: 29442305 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IM) is a neonicotinoid insecticide, used in a wide range of agricultural activities worldwide. However, it results in ecosystem disturbances and signs of toxicity in human and animals. The current study was designed to elucidate the protective effects of omega-3-fatty acids (OFAs) and vitamin E (Vit E) against IM hepatotoxicity in Japanese quails. Seventy male quails (30 days old) were divided into seven groups (n = 10); G1 -ve control; G2 received IM (+ve control); G3 received OFA; G4 received Vit E; and G5, G6, and G7 received OFA and/or Vit E with IM for 30 days, respectively. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected. Imidacloprid significantly (p < 0.05) increased serum levels of alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), triglycerides (TGC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Moreover, IM caused a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the levels of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), as well as liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and reduced-glutathione (GSH) concentration in comparison to the -ve control group. Histopathological changes in hepatocytes, including thick cell trabeculae with marked hydropic vacuolar degeneration of cytoplasm, were found in IM-treated group. Treatment with OFA and/or Vit E resulted in significant improvements in general body condition, serum HDL-C level, and liver tissue SOD enzyme activity and GSH concentration, as well as significant decreases in the levels of serum AST, ALT, TGC, LDL-C, and hepatic tissue MDA. In conclusion, OFA and Vit E have a protective effect against IM toxicity, especially in their combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Emam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Amuno S, Jamwal A, Grahn B, Niyogi S. Chronic arsenicosis and cadmium exposure in wild snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) breeding near Yellowknife, Northwest Territories (Canada), part 1: Evaluation of oxidative stress, antioxidant activities and hepatic damage. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:916-926. [PMID: 29037475 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous gold mining activities and arsenopyrite ore roasting activities at the Giant mine site (1948 to 2004) resulted in the release of high amounts of arsenic and trace metals into the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada. While elevated levels of arsenic has been consistently reported in surface soils and vegetation near the vicinity of the Giant mine area and in surrounding locations, systematic studies evaluating the overall health status of terrestrial small mammals endemic to the area are lacking. The purpose of this present study was to evaluate and comparatively assess the biochemical responses and histopathological effects induced by chronic arsenic and cadmium exposure in wild snowshoe hares breeding near the city of Yellowknife, specifically around the vicinity of the abandoned Giant mine site and in reference locations. Analysis included measurement of total arsenic and cadmium concentration in nails, livers, kidneys, bones, stomach content of hares, in addition to histopathological evaluation of hepatic and ocular lesions. Biochemical responses were determined through measurement of lipid peroxidation levels and antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione disulfide). The results revealed that arsenic concentration was 17.8 to 48.9 times higher in the stomach content, and in the range of 4 to 23 times elevated in the nails of hares from the mine area compared to the reference location. Arsenic and cadmium levels were also noted to be increased in the bones, renal and hepatic tissues of hares captured near the mine area compared to the reference site. Specifically, hares from the mine area showed nail cadmium levels that was 2.3 to 17.6 times higher than those from the reference site. Histopathological examination of the eyes revealed no specific ocular lesions, such as lens opacity (cataracts) or conjunctivitis; however, hares from both locations exhibited hepatic steatosis (fatty liver change). Lipid peroxidation levels were relatively increased and accompanied with reduced antioxidant enzyme activities in hares from the mine area compared to the hares from the reference site. The results of this preliminary study suggest that the snowshoe hares breeding near the vicinity of Yellowknife, including near the Giant mine area have been chronically exposed to elevated levels of arsenic and cadmium, which consequently led to the increased levels of oxidative stress and perturbation of antioxidant defense system in exposed animals. The results of this present study constitute the first observation of chronic arsenicosis in wild small mammal species in Canada.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Amuno
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
| | - A Jamwal
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - B Grahn
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - S Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Eder K, Siebers M, Most E, Scheibe S, Weissmann N, Gessner DK. An excess dietary vitamin E concentration does not influence Nrf2 signaling in the liver of rats fed either soybean oil or salmon oil. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:71. [PMID: 29176993 PMCID: PMC5693465 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-017-0225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to stimulate the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), the key regulator of the antioxidant and cytoprotective defense system in the body. The hypothesis underlying this study was that high dietary concentrations of vitamin E suppress Nrf2 activation, and thus could weaken the body’s antioxidative and cytoprotective capacity. As the effect of vitamin E on Nrf2 pathway might be influenced by concentrations of fatty acids susceptible to oxidation in the diet, we used also diets containing either soybean oil as a reference oil or salmon oil as a source of oil rich in n-3 polyunsatuated fatty acids. Methods Seventy-two rats were divided into 6 groups of rats which received diets with either 25, 250 or 2500 mg vitamin E/kg, with either soybean oil or salmon oil as dietary fat sources according to a bi-factorial experimental design. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy was used to determine ROS production in the liver. qPCR analysis and western blot were performed to examine the expression of Nrf2 target genes in the liver of rats. Results Rats fed the salmon oil diet with 25 mg vitamin E/kg showed a higher production of ROS in the liver than the 5 other groups of rats which did not differ in ROS production. Relative mRNA concentrations of NFE2L2 (encoding Nrf2), KEAP1 and various Nrf2 target genes, protein concentrations of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) and activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPX, superoxide dismutase and catalase were not influenced by the dietary vitamin E concentration. The dietary fat had also less effect on Nrf2 target genes and no effect on protein concentrations of GPX, HO-1, NQO1 and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Dietary vitamin E concentration and type of fat moreover had less effect on mRNA concentrations of genes and concentrations of proteins involved in the unfolded protein response, a pathway which is closely linked with activation of Nrf2. Conclusion We conclude that excess dietary concentrations of vitamin E do not suppress Nrf2 signaling, and thus do not weaken the endogenous antioxidant and cytoprotective capacity in the liver of rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Marina Siebers
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Erika Most
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Susan Scheibe
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System (ECCPS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Aulweg 130, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Denise K Gessner
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang GL, Jia LQ, Wu J, Ma YX, Cao HM, Song N, Zhang N. Effect of tanshinone IIA on oxidative stress and apoptosis in a rat model of fatty liver. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4639-4646. [PMID: 29201162 PMCID: PMC5704301 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a crucial factor associated with fatty liver disease, which raises the possibility of using antioxidants to improve liver steatosis. Tanshinone IIA (TSIIA) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been reported to have antioxidant effects in vitro. The present study aimed to investigate whether TSIIA possesses antioxidant effects in vivo and whether TSIIA was able to improve liver steatosis. Hence, the ability of TSIIA to protect rats from liver disease was explored, particularly in regard to antioxidant activity. Rats were fed a high-lipid diet for 90 days, causing severe liver steatosis, both morphologically and biochemically. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the liver was exhibited in addition to significantly elevated serum lipids and malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, hepatocyte apoptosis was measured by Hoechst staining, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis and an increase in hepatocyte apoptosis rate was indicated in mice on a high-fat diet. Following intraperitoneal injection of TSIIA (10 mg/kg/day), liver steatosis was significantly inhibited. In rats receiving TSIIA treatment, less ROS were indicated in the liver and significantly decreased levels of MDA (P<0.05) in serum were exhibited, whereas significantly increased activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were observed (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). In addition, the rate of hepatocyte apoptosis was significantly decreased in the TSIIA group (P<0.01). However, TSIIA elicited no effect on serum lipid profiles. These results suggest that TSIIA attenuates oxidative stress by decreasing ROS and MDA production and enhancing the activity of T-SOD and GSH-PX, which may contribute to the inhibition of apoptosis and amelioration of liver steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Qun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Nan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
You MK, Rhuy J, Kim HA. Pear pomace water extract suppresses hepatic lipid peroxidation and protects against liver damage in rats fed a high fat/cholesterol diet. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:801-806. [PMID: 30263606 PMCID: PMC6049591 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of pear pomace water extract (PPWE) against hepatic lipid peroxidation was investigated in rats fed a 41% kcal fat diet containing 0.21% cholesterol (HFCD). For 5 weeks, 200 or 400 mg/kg of PPWE was administrated once daily via oral gavage. Body weights were lower in the PPWE-treated group than in the control group. Serum total antioxidant capacity increased, whereas hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances significantly decreased after the administration of PPWE. PPWE recovered the HFCD-induced reduction of hepatic glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase activity. The serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities significantly decreased on PPWE treatment. The present investigation suggests that PPWE represents a valuable natural antioxidant source for use in the health food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyoung You
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554 Korea
| | - Jin Rhuy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554 Korea
| | - Hyeon-A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Humann-Ziehank E. Selenium, copper and iron in veterinary medicine-From clinical implications to scientific models. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2016; 37:96-103. [PMID: 27316591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diseases related to copper, selenium or iron overload or deficiency are common and well-described in large animal veterinary medicine. Some of them certainly have the potential to serve as useful animal models for ongoing research in the field of trace elements. Obvious advantages of large animal models compared to laboratory animal models like rats and mice are the option of long-term, consecutive examinations of progressive deficient or toxic stages and the opportunity to collect various, high volume samples for repeated measurements. Nevertheless, close cooperation between scientific disciplines is necessary as scientists using high sophisticated analytical methods and equipment are not regularly in touch with scientists working with large animal diseases. This review will give an introduction into some typical animal diseases related to trace elements and will present approaches where the animal diseases were used already as a model for interdisciplinary research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Humann-Ziehank
- Klinik für kleine Klauentiere und forensische Medizin und Ambulatorische Klinik, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Del Vecchyo-Tenorio G, Rodríguez-Cruz M, Andrade-Cetto A, Cárdenas-Vázquez R. Creosote Bush (Larrea tridentata) Improves Insulin Sensitivity and Reduces Plasma and Hepatic Lipids in Hamsters Fed a High Fat and Cholesterol Diet. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:194. [PMID: 27445827 PMCID: PMC4924253 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Creosote bush, Larrea tridentata (Sesse y Moc. Ex DC, Zygophyllaceae) is a shrub found in the deserts of Northern Mexico and Southwestern United States. In traditional medicine, it is used to treat a variety of illnesses including type 2 diabetes. The present study aims to investigate the effects of creosote bush ethanolic extract on plasma and liver parameters associated with the metabolic syndrome in hamsters fed a high fat and cholesterol diet (HFD), comparing them with those induced by ezetimibe (EZ). Seven groups of six hamsters each were formed. Six groups were fed HFD for 2 weeks. The following 2 weeks, the HFD groups received: (1) only HFD, (2) HFD + 3 mg% EZ, (3) HFD + 0.2% creosote bush ethanolic extract, (4) only standard diet (Std Diet), (5) Std Diet + 3 mg% EZ, (6) Std Diet + 0.2% creosote bush ethanolic extract. The beneficial effects of creosote bush ethanolic extract in the HFD hamster model were a reduction of insulin resistance, associated with lower serum insulin and leptin, lower hepatic lipid peroxidation and higher liver antioxidant capacity. Plasma and liver lipids tended or were reduced to values closer to those of animals fed standard diet. A similar effect on lipids was induced by EZ, although with even lower hepatic cholesterol and total lipids concentrations. In general, the change from HFD to standard diet plus ethanolic extract induced the same but deeper changes, including a reduction in plasma glucose and an increase in the percentage of HDL cholesterol. Unlike creosote bush extract, EZ increased food consumption and neutral fecal steroids, with no significant effect on body weight, epididymal fat pads, liver peroxidation or antioxidant capacity. Also EZ did not modify serum insulin and leptin. However, insulin sensitivity improved to values similar to those induced by the extract. This suggests that the mechanism of action of creosote bush ethanolic extract is different to inhibition of cholesterol absorption or increase excretion. The ethanolic extract of L. tridentata could be useful in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Del Vecchyo-Tenorio
- Laboratorio de Biología Animal Experimental, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maricela Rodríguez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Molecular, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Nutrición, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City, Mexico
| | - René Cárdenas-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Biología Animal Experimental, Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Effect of long-term ingestion of weakly oxidised flaxseed oil on biomarkers of oxidative stress in LDL-receptor knockout mice. Br J Nutr 2016; 116:258-69. [PMID: 27197628 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516001513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of oxidised fatty acids on atherosclerosis progression is controversial. Thus, our objective was to evaluate the effect of long-term consumption of weakly oxidised PUFA from flaxseed oil on oxidative stress biomarkers of LDL-receptor(-/-) mice. To test our hypothesis, mice were separated into three groups. The first group received a high-fat diet containing fresh flaxseed oil (CONT-), the second was fed the same diet prepared using heated flaxseed oil (OXID), and the third group received the same diet containing fresh flaxseed oil and had diabetes induced by streptozotocin (CONT+). Oxidative stress, aortic parameters and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were assessed. After 3 months, plasma lipid profile, glucose levels, body weight, energy intake and dietary intake did not differ among groups. Likewise, oxidative stress, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), hepatic MDA expressed as nmol/mg portion (ptn) and antioxidant enzymes did not differ among the groups. Hepatic linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and EPA acid declined in the OXID and CONT+ groups. Aortic wall thickness, lumen and diameter increased only in the OXID group. OXID and CONT+ groups exhibited higher concentrations of MDA, expressed as μmol/mg ptn per %PUFA, when compared with the CONT- group. Our results suggest that ingestion of oxidised flaxseed oil increases hepatic MDA concentration and is potentially pro-atherogenic. In addition, the mean MDA value observed in all groups was similar to those reported in other studies that used xenobiotics as oxidative stress inducers. Thus, the diet applied in this study represents an interesting model for further research involving antioxidants.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chung SI, Kang MY, Lee SC. In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Aged Ginseng (Panax ginseng). Prev Nutr Food Sci 2016; 21:24-30. [PMID: 27069902 PMCID: PMC4827631 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2016.21.1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fresh ginseng roots were aged in an oven at 80°C for 14 d. The in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of this aged ginseng, in comparison with those of the white and red ginsengs, were evaluated. In in vitro antioxidant assays, the ethanolic extracts from aged ginseng showed significantly higher free radical scavenging activity and reducing power than those of the white and red ginsengs. In in vivo antioxidant assays, mice were fed a high fat diet supplemented with white, red, or aged ginseng powders. High fat feeding resulted in a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and a substantial decrease in antioxidant enzymes activities in the animals. However, diet supplementation of ginseng powders, particularly aged ginseng, markedly reduced lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activities. The results illustrate that the aged ginseng has greater in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacity than the white and red ginsengs. The aged ginseng also showed considerably higher total saponin, phenolic, and flavonoid contents, indicating that its antioxidant capacity may have been partly due to its high levels of antioxidant compounds. This new ginseng product may be useful as a functional food with strong antioxidant potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Im Chung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Mi Young Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Plus, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Division of Plant Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Beneficial effect of seaweed on high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress and insulin resistance in rats. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
18
|
Guzmán-Guillén R, Prieto Ortega AI, Martín-Caméan A, Cameán AM. Beneficial effects of vitamin E supplementation against the oxidative stress on Cylindrospermopsin-exposed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Toxicon 2015; 104:34-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.07.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
19
|
Puppel K, Kapusta A, Kuczyńska B. The etiology of oxidative stress in the various species of animals, a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:2179-2184. [PMID: 25418967 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the consequence of an imbalance of pro-oxidants and antioxidants leading to cell damage and tissue injury. The exhaustion of antioxidant systems is one of the reasons for the occurrence of oxidative stress, which results in avalanche production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals. High oxidative stress is common in organs and tissues with high metabolic and energy demands, including skeletal and heart muscle, liver and blood cells. Stress arises in animals in response to unavoidable or adverse environmental conditions. In the external environment, which affects the body of the cow, there are four main groups of stressors: physical, chemical, biological and psychological. Physical stressors include fluctuations in ambient temperature as well as mechanical injuries. High ambient temperature is one of the factors affecting the productivity of cows. Biological stressors are conditioned by errors and irregularities in habits. Both of these phenomena have an adverse impact on both the resistance of animals and fertility and are the etiological agent of oxidative stress. Various mechanisms may be responsible for metal-induced oxidative stress: direct or indirect generation of ROS, depletion of glutathione and inhibition of antioxidant enzymes are well known for all redox-active and redox-inactive metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Puppel
- Cattle Breeding Division, Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, PL-02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kapusta
- Cattle Breeding Division, Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, PL-02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kuczyńska
- Cattle Breeding Division, Department of Animal Breeding, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, PL-02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zielińska-Dawidziak M. Plant ferritin--a source of iron to prevent its deficiency. Nutrients 2015; 7:1184-201. [PMID: 25685985 PMCID: PMC4344583 DOI: 10.3390/nu7021184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia affects a significant part of the human population. Due to the unique properties of plant ferritin, food enrichment with ferritin iron seems to be a promising strategy to prevent this malnutrition problem. This protein captures huge amounts of iron ions inside the apoferritin shell and isolates them from the environment. Thus, this iron form does not induce oxidative change in food and reduces the risk of gastric problems in consumers. Bioavailability of ferritin in human and animal studies is high and the mechanism of absorption via endocytosis has been confirmed in cultured cells. Legume seeds are a traditional source of plant ferritin. However, even if the percentage of ferritin iron in these seeds is high, its concentration is not sufficient for food fortification. Thus, edible plants have been biofortified in iron for many years. Plants overexpressing ferritin may find applications in the development of bioactive food. A crucial achievement would be to develop technologies warranting stability of ferritin in food and the digestive tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zielińska-Dawidziak
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-623 Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao Y, Peng L, Lu W, Wang Y, Huang X, Gong C, He L, Hong J, Wu S, Jin X. Effect of Eclipta prostrata on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic animals. Exp Gerontol 2015; 62:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
22
|
Yamane D, McGivern DR, Wauthier E, Yi M, Madden VJ, Welsch C, Antes I, Wen Y, Chugh PE, McGee CE, Widman DG, Misumi I, Bandyopadhyay S, Kim S, Shimakami T, Oikawa T, Whitmire JK, Heise MT, Dittmer DP, Kao CC, Pitson SM, Merrill AH, Reid LM, Lemon SM. Regulation of the hepatitis C virus RNA replicase by endogenous lipid peroxidation. Nat Med 2014; 20:927-35. [PMID: 25064127 PMCID: PMC4126843 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although oxidative tissue injury often accompanies viral infection, there is little understanding of how it influences virus replication. We show that multiple hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes are exquisitely sensitive to oxidative membrane damage, a property distinguishing them from other pathogenic RNA viruses. Lipid peroxidation, regulated in part through sphingosine kinase 2, severely restricts HCV replication in Huh-7 cells and primary human hepatoblasts. Endogenous oxidative membrane damage lowers the 50% effective concentration of direct-acting antivirals, suggesting critical regulation of the conformation of the NS3/4A protease and NS5B polymerase, membrane-bound HCV replicase components. Resistance to lipid peroxidation maps genetically to trans-membrane and membrane-proximal residues within these proteins, and is essential for robust replication in cell culture, as exemplified by the atypical JFH1 strain. Thus, the typical, wild-type HCV replicase is uniquely regulated by lipid peroxidation, providing a novel mechanism for attenuating replication in stressed tissue and possibly facilitating long-term viral persistence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yamane
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - David R McGivern
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eliane Wauthier
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - MinKyung Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Victoria J Madden
- Department of Pathology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christoph Welsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Iris Antes
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yahong Wen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Pauline E Chugh
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles E McGee
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Douglas G Widman
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ichiro Misumi
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sibali Bandyopadhyay
- 1] School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. [2] Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Seungtaek Kim
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tetsuro Shimakami
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jason K Whitmire
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark T Heise
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dirk P Dittmer
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - C Cheng Kao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alfred H Merrill
- 1] School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. [2] Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lola M Reid
- 1] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Stanley M Lemon
- 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [2] Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. [3] Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Effect of Centella asiatica on oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic animal models. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:154295. [PMID: 24829618 PMCID: PMC4009232 DOI: 10.1155/2014/154295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia and many other metabolic diseases are related to oxidative stress. Centella asiatica is a traditional Chinese medicine whose antioxidant effect in vitro has been reported. We are interested in whether it possesses this effect in vivo and hence modulates lipid metabolism. Therefore, experiments were carried out on mice and golden hamsters regarding its antioxidant and hypolipidemic effect. We observed that a fraction (CAF3) of the ethanol extract (CAE) of Centella asiatica had a cholesterol decrease of 79% and a triglyceride decrease of 95% in acute mice model, so CAF3 was further investigated in high-fat-fed hamster model. It was shown that CAF3 increased SOD and GSH-Px activities and decreased MDA level, and it also improved TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, AST, and ALT levels. L-CAT and SR-BI gene expression in hamsters were increased. Taken together, our data suggest that the CAF3 fraction of Centella asiatica has antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties.
Collapse
|
24
|
Hur SJ, Lee SJ, Kim DH, Chun SC, Lee SK. Onion extract structural changes during in vitro digestion and its potential antioxidant effect on brain lipids obtained from low- and high-fat-fed mice. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:1009-15. [PMID: 24074442 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.845664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of onion (Allium cepa, L.) extract on the antioxidant activity of lipids in low-and high-fat-fed mouse brain lipids and its structural change during in vitro human digestion. The onion extracts were passed through an in vitro human digestion model that simulated the composition of the mouth, stomach, and small intestine juice. The brain lipids were collected from low- and high-fat-fed mouse brain and then incubated with the in vitro-digested onion extracts to determine the lipid oxidation. The results confirmed that the main phenolics of onion extract were kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, and quercitrin. The quercetin content increased with digestion of the onion extract. Antioxidant activity was strongly influenced by in vitro human digestion of both onion extract and quercetin standard. After digestion by the small intestine, the antioxidant activity values were dramatically increased, whereas the antioxidant activity was less influenced by digestion in the stomach for both onion extract and quercetin standard. The inhibitory effect of lipid oxidation of onion extract in mouse brain lipids increased after digestion in the stomach. The inhibitory effect of lipid oxidation of onion extract was higher in the high-fat-fed mouse brain lipids than that in the low-fat-fed mouse brain lipids. The major study finding is that the antioxidative effect of onion extract may be higher in high-fat-fed mouse brain lipids than that in low-fat-fed mouse brain lipids. Thus, dietary onion may have important applications as a natural antioxidant agent in a high-fat diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Hur
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University , Gwangjin-gu, Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lennie TA, Moser DK, Biddle MJ, Welsh D, Bruckner GG, Thomas DT, Rayens MK, Bailey AL. Nutrition intervention to decrease symptoms in patients with advanced heart failure. Res Nurs Health 2013; 36:120-45. [PMID: 23335263 PMCID: PMC4011634 DOI: 10.1002/nur.21524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
For a majority of patients with advanced heart failure, there is a need for complementary, non-pharmacologic interventions that could be easily implemented by health care providers to provide palliative care. Three major pathologic pathways underlying heart failure symptoms have been identified: fluid overload, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Prior research has demonstrated that three nutrients-sodium, omega-3 fatty acids, and lycopene-can alter these pathologic pathways. Therefore, the purposes of this study are to test the effects of a 6-month nutrition intervention of dietary sodium reduction combined with supplementation of lycopene and omega-3 fatty acids on heart failure symptoms, health-related quality of life, and time to heart failure rehospitalization or all-cause death. The aims of this double blind-placebo controlled study are (1) to determine the effects of a 6-month nutrition intervention on symptom burden (edema, shortness of air, and fatigue) and health-related quality of life at 3 and 6 months, and time to heart failure rehospitalization or all-cause death over 12 months from baseline; (2) compare dietary sodium intake, inflammation, and markers of oxidative stress between the nutrition intervention group and a placebo group at 3 and 6 months; and (3) compare body weight, serum lycopene, and erythrocyte omega-3 index between the nutrition intervention group and a placebo group at 3 and 6 months. A total of 175 patients with advanced heart failure will be randomized to either the nutrition intervention or placebo group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Terry A Lennie
- College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, 751 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0232, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jin M, Huang Q, Zhao K, Shang P. Biological activities and potential health benefit effects of polysaccharides isolated from Lycium barbarum L. Int J Biol Macromol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
27
|
Ma WQ, Sun H, Zhou Y, Wu J, Feng J. Effects of iron glycine chelate on growth, tissue mineral concentrations, fecal mineral excretion, and liver antioxidant enzyme activities in broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 149:204-11. [PMID: 22549700 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the effects of iron glycine chelate (Fe-Gly) on growth, tissue mineral concentrations, fecal mineral excretion, and liver antioxidant enzyme activities in broilers. A total of 360 1-day-old commercial broilers (Ross × Ross) were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments with six replications of ten chicks per replicate. Broilers were fed a control diet with no Fe supplementation, while five other treatments consisted of 40, 80, 120, and 160 mg Fe/kg diets from Fe-Gly, and 160 mg Fe/kg from ferrous sulfate, respectively. After a 42-day feeding trial, the results showed that 120 and 160 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Gly improved the average daily gain (P < 0.05) and average daily feed intake (P < 0.05) of broilers (4-6 weeks). Addition with 120 and 160 mg Fe/kg from Fe-Gly and 160 mg Fe/kg from FeSO(4) increased Fe concentration in serum (P < 0.05), liver (P < 0.05), breast muscle (P < 0.05), tibia (P < 0.05), and feces (P < 0.01) at 21 and 42 days. There were linear responses to the addition of Fe-Gly from 0 to 160 mg/kg Fe on Fe concentration in serum (21 days, P = 0.005; 42 days, P = 0.001), liver (P = 0.001), breast muscle (P = 0.001), tibia (P = 0.001), and feces (21 days, P = 0.011; 42 days, P = 0.032). Liver Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activities of chicks were increased by the addition of 80, 120, and 160 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Gly to diets at 42 days. There were no differences in liver catalase activities of chicks among the treatments (P > 0.05). This study indicates that addition with Fe-Gly could improve growth performance and iron tissue storage and improves the antioxidant status of broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Q Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Zi Jin Gang Campus, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ovarian follicular development, lipid peroxidation, antioxidative status and immune response in laying hens fed fish oil-supplemented diets to produce n-3-enriched eggs. Animal 2012; 2:84-91. [PMID: 22444966 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731107000882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to research the effect of feeding laying hens fish oil-supplemented diets to produce n-3-enriched eggs on their ovarian follicular development, serum lipid peroxidation, antioxidative status and immune response. A total of 105 white Bovens hens at 24 weeks of age were housed in cages in an open-sided building under a 16 h light : 8 h dark lighting schedule. Birds were randomly divided into five treatments and were fed, ad libitum, diets containing 0% (control), 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.5% or 5.0% fish oil from 24 to 36 weeks of age. Egg production and weight were recorded. By weeks 35 and 36 of age 15 eggs were taken at random from each treatment to determine the yolk lipid profile and cholesterol content. At the end of the experimental period, 10 females from each treatment were randomly chosen, anaesthetised and killed by decapitation. Ovary and oviduct samples were immediately weighted and ovarian follicles were classified. Serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), hepatic TBARS and hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were measured. No clear trend was observed concerning egg production and egg yolk cholesterol. As dietary fish oil levels increased, n-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) increased, whereas n-6 PUFA tended to decrease in yolk lipids. No negative effects were detected in ovary and oviduct weights, expressed in both absolute terms and relative to body weight. The numbers and total weights of large yellow follicles (LYF) in the ovary were not significantly affected by fish oil supplementation. Low levels (1.25% to 2.5%) of fish oil reduced both plasma and hepatic TBARS and enhanced GSH-Px activity. It is also interesting to note that inclusion of 2.5% fish oil in laying hen diets enhanced the antibody titre in laying hens. Therefore, it could be concluded that inclusion of fish oil in laying hen diets at moderate levels increased the n-3 fatty acids content in eggs, improved antioxidative status, enhanced the antibody response and did not have a negative influence on the different reproductive morphology parameters in laying hens.
Collapse
|
29
|
Modulation of antioxidant enzymes activities and lipid peroxidation products in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats fed ortanique peel polymethoxylated flavones extract. J Appl Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10136-011-0014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
30
|
Volynets V, Küper MA, Strahl S, Maier IB, Spruss A, Wagnerberger S, Königsrainer A, Bischoff SC, Bergheim I. Nutrition, intestinal permeability, and blood ethanol levels are altered in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:1932-41. [PMID: 22427130 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-012-2112-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A role of an altered dietary pattern (e.g., a diet rich in sugar) but also alterations at the level of the intestinal barrier have repeatedly been discussed to be involved in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). AIMS To determine if the nutritional intake, intestinal flora, and permeability and the development of NAFLD are related in humans. METHODS Ten controls and 20 patients with NAFLD ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis were included in the study. Bacterial overgrowth, orocecal transit time, and intestinal permeability were assessed. Alcohol, endotoxin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-) 1 concentration were determined in plasma. Nutritional intake was assessed using a dietary history. RESULTS Despite no differences in the prevalence of bacterial overgrowth and in the orocecal transit time, intestinal permeability, alcohol, and endotoxin levels in plasma were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD than in controls. Similar results were also found for PAI-1 plasma concentrations. Patients with NAFLD had a significantly higher intake of protein, total carbohydrates, and mono- as well as disaccharides than controls. PAI-1, endotoxin, and ALT plasma levels were positively related to total protein and carbohydrate intake. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results indicate that intestinal permeability, endogenous alcohol synthesis, and nutritional intake are markedly altered in patients with NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Volynets
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ban SJ, Rico CW, Um IC, Kang MY. Antihyperglycemic and antioxidative effects of Hydroxyethyl Methylcellulose (HEMC) and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) in mice fed with a high fat diet. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3738-3750. [PMID: 22489179 PMCID: PMC3317739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of dietary feeding of hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on the glucose metabolism and antioxidative status in mice under high fat diet conditions was investigated. The mice were randomly divided and given experimental diets for six weeks: normal control (NC group), high fat (HF group), and high fat supplemented with either HEMC (HF+HEMC group) or HPMC (HF+HPMC group). At the end of the experimental period, the HF group exhibited markedly higher blood glucose and insulin levels as well as a higher erythrocyte lipid peroxidation rate relative to the control group. However, diet supplementation of HEMC and HPMC was found to counteract the high fat-induced hyperglycemia and oxidative stress via regulation of antioxidant and hepatic glucose-regulating enzyme activities. These findings illustrate that HEMC and HPMC were similarly effective in improving the glucose metabolism and antioxidant defense system in high fat-fed mice and they may be beneficial as functional biomaterials in the development of therapeutic agents against high fat dietinduced hyperglycemia and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Jeong Ban
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; E-Mails: (S.J.B.); (C.W.R.)
| | - Catherine W. Rico
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; E-Mails: (S.J.B.); (C.W.R.)
| | - In Chul Um
- Department of Natural Fiber Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Mi Young Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; E-Mails: (S.J.B.); (C.W.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kang MY, Kim SM, Rico CW, Lee SC. Hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects of rice bran and phytic acid in high fat-fed mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-012-0015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
33
|
Hypoglycemic and antioxidative effects of hydroxyethyl methylcellulose in mice fed with high fat diet. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1716-21. [PMID: 22387268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effect of hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) with different viscosities on the glucose metabolism and antioxidative defense system in high fat-fed mice was investigated. The mice were randomly divided into five dietary groups: normal control diet (NC), high fat diet (HF), and high fat diet supplemented with high viscosity (HF-HV), moderate viscosity (HF-MV), and low viscosity (HF-LV) HEMC fibers. After 6 weeks, the HF group showed a marked increase in body weight gain, body fat, blood glucose concentration, insulin level, and erythrocyte lipid peroxidation rate relative to the NC group. However, supplementation of HEMC in the diet suppressed these high fat-induced hyperglycemia and oxidative stress through enhancement of the activities of hepatic glucokinase and antioxidant enzymes. The hypoglycemic and antioxidative effects increased with increased viscosity of the HEMC consumed. These results illustrate that HEMC with high viscosity may be useful in the management of high fat diet-induced hyperglycemia and oxidative stress.
Collapse
|
34
|
San-Jose LM, Granado-Lorencio F, Fitze PS. Dietary lipids reduce the expression of carotenoid-based coloration in Lacerta vivipara. Funct Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2012.01970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
35
|
Kakiuchi-Kiyota S, Arnold LL, Yokohira M, Koza-Taylor P, Suzuki S, Varney M, Pennington KL, Cohen SM. Evaluation of Direct and Indirect Effects of the PPARγ Agonist Troglitazone on Mouse Endothelial Cell Proliferation. Toxicol Pathol 2011; 39:1032-45. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623311422080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Kakiuchi-Kiyota
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Lora L. Arnold
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | | | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Michelle Varney
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Karen L. Pennington
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Samuel M. Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Habib HM, Ibrahim WH. Effect of date seeds on oxidative damage and antioxidant status in vivo. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2011; 91:1674-1679. [PMID: 21480263 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Date seeds have been shown to contain high amounts of antioxidants. However, in vivo studies on date seeds are lacking. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of date seeds on oxidative damage and antioxidant status in vivo. Male Wistar rats were fed a basal diet containing 0, 70 or 140 g kg(-1) date seeds for 30 days. All three diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Indication of oxidative damage was assessed in the liver and serum, and antioxidant status was assessed in the liver. Serum biochemical parameters, including indicators of tissue cellular damage and complete blood count with differential, were also determined. RESULTS The results showed that date seeds significantly (P<0.05) reduced liver and serum malondialdehyde (a lipid peroxidative damage product) and serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase. Liver antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase), complete blood count with differential and other serum biochemical parameters assessed were not significantly altered by date seeds. CONCLUSION The results obtained suggest a protective effect of date seeds against in vivo oxidative damage, possibly through the action of their bioactive antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hosam M Habib
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17555, Al Ain, UAE
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cholesterol-lowering action and antioxidative effects of microbial gum in C57BL/6N mice fed a high fat diet. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-010-0122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
38
|
Dobbelaar P, Bouwstra RJ, Goselink RMA, Jorritsma R, van den Borne JJGC, Jansen EHJM. Effects of vitamin E supplementation on and the association of body condition score with changes in peroxidative biomarkers and antioxidants around calving in dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:3103-13. [PMID: 20630228 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on oxidative status in blood, liver, milk, and ovarian follicular fluid in periparturient heifers. Vitamin E supplementation started 8 wk before calving and continued until 8 wk postpartum. Grass silage was the main forage fed during the experiment. In addition, supplemented heifers (n=9) received 3,000I U of vitamin E daily on a carrier food; control heifers (n=9) consumed only the carrier food. Blood samples and liver biopsies were taken frequently throughout the study and ovarian follicular fluid was sampled at 8 wk postpartum. Body condition score was scored weekly and milk yield was measured daily. A marker of oxidative damage, determinable reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROM), and a set of antioxidants were measured in blood, liver, milk, and ovarian follicular fluid. Control heifers had a low vitamin E status, and selenium status was marginal in control and supplemented heifers. Vitamin E supplementation increased vitamin E concentrations in blood, liver, and ovarian follicular fluid and increased triacylglycerol in liver. Serum d-ROM were not reduced by vitamin E supplementation. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in red blood cells and liver and glutathione peroxidase activity in ovarian follicular fluid were not affected by vitamin E supplementation and they were not increased around calving. Protein thiol groups and ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione were also not increased around calving. These results suggest that heifers around calving experience a low level of oxidative processes. This might be caused by lower than expected milk production attributed to a low forage intake. Serum d-ROM were negatively correlated with protein thiol groups and positively correlated with the activity of glutathione peroxidase in red blood cells, oxidized glutathione, and the ratio of reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione in serum. The lack of treatment effects allowed estimation of the effects of body condition 4 wk before calving and the loss of body condition on markers of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants. A trend that a body condition of >or=3 might result in more oxidative damage measured by serum d-ROM was observed, but fatter heifers had a significantly higher ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Dobbelaar
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80.151, 3508 TD, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bouwstra R, Nielen M, Newbold J, Jansen E, Jelinek H, van Werven T. Vitamin E supplementation during the dry period in dairy cattle. Part II: Oxidative stress following vitamin E supplementation may increase clinical mastitis incidence postpartum. J Dairy Sci 2010; 93:5696-706. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
40
|
Dietary fatty acids and oxidative stress in the heart mitochondria. Mitochondrion 2010; 11:97-103. [PMID: 20691812 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2010.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our study compared the effects of different oils on oxidative stress in rat heart mitochondria, as well as on plasma parameters used as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The rats were fed for 16 weeks with coconut, olive, or fish oil diet (saturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively). The cardiac mitochondria from rats fed with coconut oil showed the lowest concentration of oxidized proteins and peroxidized lipids. The fish oil diet leads to the highest oxidative stress in cardiac mitochondria, an effect that could be partly prevented by the antioxidant probucol. Total and LDL cholesterols decreased in plasma of rats fed fish oil, compared to olive and coconut oils fed rats. A diet enriched in saturated fatty acids offers strong advantages for the protection against oxidative stress in heart mitochondria.
Collapse
|
41
|
Jin Son M, W Rico C, Hyun Nam S, Young Kang M. Influence of oryzanol and ferulic Acid on the lipid metabolism and antioxidative status in high fat-fed mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2010; 46:150-6. [PMID: 20216948 PMCID: PMC2831094 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.09-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The comparative effects of oryzanol and ferulic acid on the lipid metabolism and antioxidative status of high fat-fed mice were investigated. The mice were given a diet containing 17% fat (HF), supplemented with oryzanol (HF-O) or ferulic acid for 7 weeks. The control mice (NC) were fed with normal diet. The HF mice exhibited increased body weight gain, plasma and hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, and lipid peroxidation rate, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. In general, they also showed lower hepatic antioxidant and higher lipid-regulating enzymes activities relative to that of NC group. Addition of oryzanol or ferulic acid in the diet counteracted these high fat-induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress via increased faecal lipid excretion and regulation of antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes activities. This study illustrates that oryzanol and ferulic acid have relatively similar hypolipidemic actions and could be effective in lowering the risk of high fat diet-induced obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Jin Son
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Noh JR, Gang GT, Kim YH, Yang KJ, Lee CH, Na OS, Kim GJ, Oh WK, Lee YD. Desalinated underground seawater of Jeju Island (Korea) improves lipid metabolism in mice fed diets containing high fat and increases antioxidant potential in t-BHP treated HepG2 cells. Nutr Res Pract 2010; 4:3-10. [PMID: 20198202 PMCID: PMC2830411 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2010.4.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of desalinated underground seawater (named as 'magma seawater', MSW) of Jeju Island in Korea on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity. MSW was collected from underground of Han-Dong in Jeju Island, and freely given to high fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6 mice for 10 weeks. Although there were no significant differences in the body weight changes and plasma lipid levels, hepatic triglyceride levels were significantly lower in the MSW group than in the normal tap water (TW)-drunken control group. Furthermore, the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was significantly decreased and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) activity was increased in MSW group compared to TW group. Similarly, real-time PCR analysis revealed that mRNA expressions of lipogenic genes were lowered in MSW groups compared to the control group. In a morphometric observation on the liver tissue, accumulation of fats was remarkably reduced in MSW group. Meanwhile, in vitro assay, free radical scavenging activity measured by using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was increased in MSW group. The 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining followed with fluorescent microscopy showed a low intensity of fluorescence in MSW-treated HepG2 cells, compared to TW-treated HepG2 cells, which indicated that the production of reactive oxygen species by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) in HepG2 cells was decreased by MSW treatment. The antioxidant effect of MSW on t-BHP-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells was supported by the increased activities of intracellular antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and glutathione reductase. From these results, we speculate that MSW has an inhibitory effect on lipogenesis in liver and might play a protective role against cell damage by t-BHP-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ran Noh
- Animal Model Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 111 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Asare GA, Ntombini B, Kew MC, Kahler-Venter CP, Nortey EN. Possible adverse effect of high δ-alpha-tocopherol intake on hepatic iron overload: Enhanced production of vitamin C and the genotoxin, 8-hydroxy-2′- deoxyguanosine. Toxicol Mech Methods 2010; 20:96-104. [DOI: 10.3109/15376510903572888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
44
|
Hong Z, Hailing L, Hui M, Guijie Z, Leyan Y, Dubing Y. Effect of Vitamin E supplement in diet on antioxidant ability of testis in Boer goat. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 117:90-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
45
|
Development and validation of a sensitive and rapid non-aqueous LC–ESI-MS/MS method for measurement of diosgenin in the plasma of normal and hyperlipidemic rats: A comparative study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:1530-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Revised: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
46
|
Effect of the Lycium barbarum polysaccharides administration on blood lipid metabolism and oxidative stress of mice fed high-fat diet in vivo. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
47
|
Feng J, Ma W, Xu Z, He J, Wang Y, Liu J. The effect of iron glycine chelate on tissue mineral levels, fecal mineral concentration, and liver antioxidant enzyme activity in weanling pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
48
|
Asare GA, Kew MC, Mossanda KS, Paterson AC, Siziba K, Kahler-Venter CP. Effects of exogenous antioxidants on dietary iron overload. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2008; 44:85-94. [PMID: 19177193 PMCID: PMC2613504 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.08-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In dietary iron overload, excess hepatic iron promotes liver damage. The aim was to attenuate free radical-induced liver damage using vitamins. Four groups of 60 Wistar rats were studied: group 1 (control) was fed normal diet, group 2 (Fe) 2.5% pentacarbonyl iron (CI) followed by 0.5% Ferrocene, group 3 (Fe + V gp) CI, Ferrocene, plus vitamins A and E (42× and 10× RDA, respectively), group 4 (Fe – V gp) CI, Ferrocene diet, minus vitamins A and E. At 20 months, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC), Ames mutagenicity test, AST, ALT and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) immunohistochemistry were measured. 8OHdG levels of the Fe + V and Fe – V groups were 346 ± 117 and 455 ± 151, ng/g w.wt, respectively. Fe + V and Fe – V differences were significant (p<0.005). A positive correlation between DNA damage and mutagenesis existed (p<0.005) within the iron-fed gps. AST levels for Fe + V and Fe – V groups were 134.6 ± 48.6 IU and 202.2 ± 50.5 IU, respectively. Similarly, ALT levels were 234.6 ± 48.3 IU and 329.0 ± 48.6 IU, respectively. However, Fe – V and Fe + V groups transaminases were statistically insignificant. 4-HNE was detected in Fe + V and Fe – V gp livers. Vitamins A and E could not prevent hepatic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George A Asare
- MRC/University Molecular Hepatology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Zieger MAJ, Gupta MP, Siddiqui RA. Endothelial cell fatty acid unsaturation mediates cold-induced oxidative stress. J Cell Biochem 2007; 99:784-96. [PMID: 16676360 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ultraprofound hypothermia (< 5 degrees C) induces changes to cell membranes such as liquid-to-gel lipid transitions and oxidative stress that have a negative effect on membrane function and cell survival. We hypothesized that fatty acid substitution of endothelial cell lipids and alterations in their unsaturation would modify cell survival at 0 degrees C, a temperature commonly used during storage and transportation of isolated cells or tissues and organs used in transplantation. Confluent bovine aortic endothelial cells were treated with 18-carbon fatty acids (C18:0, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6, or C18:3n-3), C20:5n-3 or C22:6n-3 (DHA), and then stored at 0 degrees C without fatty acid supplements. Storage of control cells caused the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and a threefold increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) when compared to control cells not exposed to cold. Pre-treating cells with C18:0 decreased the unsaturation of cell lipids and reduced LDH release at 0 degrees C by 50%, but all mono- or poly-unsaturated fatty acids increased injury in a concentration-dependent manner and as the extent of fatty acid unsaturation increased. DHA-treatment increased cell fatty acid unsaturation and caused maximal injury at 0 degrees C, which was prevented by lipophilic antioxidants BHT or vitamin E, the iron chelator deferoxamine, and to a lesser extent by vitamin C. Furthermore, the cold-induced increase in LPO was reduced by C18:0, vitamin E, or DFO but enhanced by DHA. In conclusion, the findings implicate iron catalyzed free radicals and LPO as a predominant mechanism of endothelial cell injury at 0 degrees C, which may be reduced by increasing lipid saturation or treating cells with antioxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A J Zieger
- Methodist Research Institute, Clarian Health Partners, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|