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Zihlif M, Hameduh T, Bulatova N, Hammad H. Alteration in the expression of the chemotherapy resistance‑related genes in response to chronic and acute hypoxia in pancreatic cancer. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:88. [PMID: 37901880 PMCID: PMC10603373 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is currently one of the least curable types of human cancer and remains a key health problem. One of the most important characteristics of pancreatic cancer is its ability to grow under hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia is associated with resistance of cancer cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It is a major contributor to pancreatic cancer genetic instability, which local and systemic resistance that may result in poor clinical outcome. Accordingly, identifying gene expression changes in cancer resistance genes that occur under hypoxic conditions may identify a new therapeutic target. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between hypoxia and resistance to chemotherapy and determine the alteration in the expression of cancer resistance-related genes in the presence of hypoxia. Pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1) were exposed to 8 h hypoxic episodes (<1% oxygen) three times/week for a total of 20 episodes (chronic hypoxia) or 72 h hypoxic episodes twice/week for a total of 10 episodes (acute hypoxia). The alterations in gene expression were examined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR array compared with normoxic cells. Chemoresistance of hypoxic cells toward doxorubicin was assessed using MTT cell proliferation assay. Both chronic and acute hypoxia induced chemoresistance toward doxorubicin in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cell line. The greatest changes occurred in estrogen Receptor Alpha Gene (ESR1) and ETS Like-1 protein (ELK1) pathways, in nucleic transcription factor Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and in a cell cycle inhibitor cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A). The present study demonstrated that exposing cells to prolonged hypoxia results in different gene expression changes involving pleotropic pathways that serve a role in inducing resistance in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Tareq Hameduh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Nailya Bulatova
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Hana Hammad
- Department of Biology, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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2
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Kim MJ, Kulkarni V, Goode MA, Sivesind TE. Exploring the interactions of antihistamine with retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) by molecular dynamics simulations and genome-wide meta-analysis. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 124:108539. [PMID: 37331258 PMCID: PMC10529808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is one of the most common AIDS-related malignant neoplasms, which can leave lesions on the skin among HIV patients. These lesions can be treated with 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), an endogenous ligand of retinoic acid receptors that has been FDA-approved for treatment of KS. However, topical application of 9-cis-RA can induce several unpleasant side effects, like headache, hyperlipidemia, and nausea. Hence, alternative therapeutics with less side effects are desirable. There are case reports associating over-the-counter antihistamine usage with regression of KS. Antihistamines competitively bind to H1 receptor and block the action of histamine, best known for being released in response to allergens. Furthermore, there are already dozens of antihistamines that are FDA-approved with less side effects than 9-cis-RA. This led our team to conduct a series of in-silico assays to determine whether antihistamines can activate retinoic acid receptors. First, we utilized high-throughput virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations to model high-affinity interactions between antihistamines and retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ). We then performed systems genetics analysis to identify a genetic association between H1 receptor itself and molecular pathways involved in KS. Together, these findings advocate for exploration of antihistamines against KS, starting with our two promising hit compounds, bepotastine and hydroxyzine, for experimental validation study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjae J Kim
- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | | | - Micah A Goode
- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Torunn E Sivesind
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Matellan C, Lachowski D, Cortes E, Chiam KN, Krstic A, Thorpe SD, Del Río Hernández AE. Retinoic acid receptor β modulates mechanosensing and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells via myosin light chain 2. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:23. [PMID: 37130839 PMCID: PMC10154384 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common and lethal form of pancreatic cancer, characterised by stromal remodelling, elevated matrix stiffness and high metastatic rate. Retinoids, compounds derived from vitamin A, have a history of clinical use in cancer for their anti-proliferative and differentiation effects, and more recently have been explored as anti-stromal therapies in PDAC for their ability to induce mechanical quiescence in cancer associated fibroblasts. Here, we demonstrate that retinoic acid receptor β (RAR-β) transcriptionally represses myosin light chain 2 (MLC-2) expression in pancreatic cancer cells. As a key regulatory component of the contractile actomyosin machinery, MLC-2 downregulation results in decreased cytoskeletal stiffness and traction force generation, impaired response to mechanical stimuli via mechanosensing and reduced ability to invade through the basement membrane. This work highlights the potential of retinoids to target the mechanical drivers of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Matellan
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dariusz Lachowski
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ernesto Cortes
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kai Ning Chiam
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aleksandar Krstic
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen D Thorpe
- UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Armando E Del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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Gürbüz M, Aktaç Ş. Understanding the role of vitamin A and its precursors in the immune system. NUTR CLIN METAB 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gangwar SK, Kumar A, Jose S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Nuclear receptors in oral cancer-emerging players in tumorigenesis. Cancer Lett 2022; 536:215666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sandhu S, Sou IF, Hunter JE, Salmon L, Wilson CL, Perkins ND, Hunter N, Davies OR, McClurg UL. Centrosome dysfunction associated with somatic expression of the synaptonemal complex protein TEX12. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1371. [PMID: 34880391 PMCID: PMC8654964 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a supramolecular protein scaffold that mediates chromosome synapsis and facilitates crossing over during meiosis. In mammals, SC proteins are generally assumed to have no other function. Here, we show that SC protein TEX12 also localises to centrosomes during meiosis independently of chromosome synapsis. In somatic cells, ectopically expressed TEX12 similarly localises to centrosomes, where it is associated with centrosome amplification, a pathology correlated with cancer development. Indeed, TEX12 is identified as a cancer-testis antigen and proliferation of some cancer cells is TEX12-dependent. Moreover, somatic expression of TEX12 is aberrantly activated via retinoic acid signalling, which is commonly disregulated in cancer. Structure-function analysis reveals that phosphorylation of TEX12 on tyrosine 48 is important for centrosome amplification but not for recruitment of TEX12 to centrosomes. We conclude that TEX12 normally localises to meiotic centrosomes, but its misexpression in somatic cells can contribute to pathological amplification and dysfunction of centrosomes in cancers. Sandhu et al. report that the synaptonemal complex (SC) protein, TEX12, localises to centrosomes independently of the SC during meiosis. They also show that it provokes centrosome amplification in somatic cells, a pathology associated with cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sandhu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ieng F Sou
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Jill E Hunter
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Lucy Salmon
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Caroline L Wilson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Neil D Perkins
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Neil Hunter
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Owen R Davies
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK. .,Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Michael Swann Building, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK.
| | - Urszula L McClurg
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
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Gruzdev DA, Levit GL, Krasnov VP, Charushin VN. Carborane-containing amino acids and peptides: Synthesis, properties and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Lai X, Eberhardt M, Schmitz U, Vera J. Systems biology-based investigation of cooperating microRNAs as monotherapy or adjuvant therapy in cancer. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:7753-7766. [PMID: 31340025 PMCID: PMC6735922 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by suppressing mRNA translation and reducing mRNA stability. A miRNA can potentially bind many mRNAs, thereby affecting the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes as well as the activity of whole pathways. The promise of miRNA therapeutics in cancer is to harness this evolutionarily conserved mechanism for the coordinated regulation of gene expression, and thus restoring a normal cell phenotype. However, the promiscuous binding of miRNAs can provoke unwanted off-target effects, which are usually caused by high-dose single-miRNA treatments. Thus, it is desirable to develop miRNA therapeutics with increased specificity and efficacy. To achieve that, we propose the concept of miRNA cooperativity in order to exert synergistic repression on target genes, thus lowering the required total amount of miRNAs. We first review miRNA therapies in clinical application. Next, we summarize the knowledge on the molecular mechanism and biological function of miRNA cooperativity and discuss its application in cancer therapies. We then propose and discuss a systems biology approach to investigate miRNA cooperativity for the clinical setting. Altogether, we point out the potential of miRNA cooperativity to reduce off-target effects and to complement conventional, targeted, or immune-based therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lai
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Eberhardt
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulf Schmitz
- Computational BioMedicine Laboratory Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, 2006 Camperdown, Australia
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, 2006 Camperdown, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, 2006 Camperdown, Australia
| | - Julio Vera
- Laboratory of Systems Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
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Huang Z, Liu Y, Qi G, Brand D, Zheng SG. Role of Vitamin A in the Immune System. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E258. [PMID: 30200565 PMCID: PMC6162863 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7090258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VitA) is a micronutrient that is crucial for maintaining vision, promoting growth and development, and protecting epithelium and mucus integrity in the body. VitA is known as an anti-inflammation vitamin because of its critical role in enhancing immune function. VitA is involved in the development of the immune system and plays regulatory roles in cellular immune responses and humoral immune processes. VitA has demonstrated a therapeutic effect in the treatment of various infectious diseases. To better understand the relationship between nutrition and the immune system, the authors review recent literature about VitA in immunity research and briefly introduce the clinical application of VitA in the treatment of several infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Huang
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guangying Qi
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China.
| | - David Brand
- Research Service, VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA.
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center at Penn State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Yang Q, Wang P, Cui J, Wang W, Chen Y, Zhang T. Panax notoginseng saponins attenuate lung cancer growth in part through modulating the level of Met/miR-222 axis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:255-265. [PMID: 27566197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are the major chemical constituents of Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen (Araliaceae), a medicinal herb extensively used in China for the treatment of various diseases including cancer. PNS have been reported to contribute to the therapeutic effects of Panax notoginseng in disease conditions including lung cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aims to further understand the molecular mechanisms implicated in the pharmacological activities of PNS in attenuating lung cancer growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell line was employed and the impact of PNS treatment on the viability of LLC cells was first examined in vitro. The tumor-suppressive effect of PNS was further validated in vivo by assessing the tumor growth in BALB/c mice inoculated with LLC cells. Whole genome microarray and real-time PCR analyses were performed to examine and verify altered expression of genes associated with PNS treatment. Real-time PCR and western blotting analyses were also carried out to investigate the implication of microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene expression regulation in the anti-tumor activity of PNS. RESULTS PNS treatment resulted in selective impairment of the survival of LLC cells. Furthermore, PNS treatment led to attenuated growth of tumors derived from inoculated LLC cells in mice. Bioinformatic analyses of gene expression profiles revealed that multiple pathways associated with tumorigenesis were significantly modulated by PNS treatment in vivo. The expression of an array of genes promoting tumorigenesis and progression including Hgf, Met, Notch3, Scd1, Epas1, Col1a1, Raf1, Braf1 and CDK6 was significantly decreased by PNS treatment, whereas the expression of tumor suppressive Rxrg was significantly increased as a result of PNS treatment. The level of miR-222, a miRNA regulated by Met, was significantly decreased by PNS treatment. The expression of tumor suppressor p27 and PTEN, miR-222 target genes, was significantly increased by PNS treatment. CONCLUSION Out work here presented novel evidence demonstrating that multiple mechanisms were implicated in the anti-tumor effects of PNS in lung cancer models. Particularly, PNS treatment significantly modulated the level of Met/miR-222 axis in LLC cells. Increased understanding of the anti-tumor mechanisms of PNS may provide further experimental evidence to help optimize the therapeutic modalities for the treatment of lung cancer and other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinbo Yang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine and Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Peiwei Wang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine and Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Jingang Cui
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine and Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine and Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine and Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
| | - Teng Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine and Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
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Guilhamon P, Eskandarpour M, Halai D, Wilson GA, Feber A, Teschendorff AE, Gomez V, Hergovich A, Tirabosco R, Fernanda Amary M, Baumhoer D, Jundt G, Ross MT, Flanagan AM, Beck S. Meta-analysis of IDH-mutant cancers identifies EBF1 as an interaction partner for TET2. Nat Commun 2014; 4:2166. [PMID: 23863747 PMCID: PMC3759038 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genes 1 and 2 are frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), low-grade glioma, cholangiocarcinoma (CC) and chondrosarcoma (CS). For AML, low-grade glioma and CC, mutant IDH status is associated with a DNA hypermethylation phenotype, implicating altered epigenome dynamics in the aetiology of these cancers. Here we show that the IDH variants in CS are also associated with a hypermethylation phenotype and display increased production of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate, supporting the role of mutant IDH-produced 2-hydroxyglutarate as an inhibitor of TET-mediated DNA demethylation. Meta-analysis of the acute myeloid leukaemia, low-grade glioma, cholangiocarcinoma and CS methylation data identifies cancer-specific effectors within the retinoic acid receptor activation pathway among the hypermethylated targets. By analysing sequence motifs surrounding hypermethylated sites across the four cancer types, and using chromatin immunoprecipitation and western blotting, we identify the transcription factor EBF1 (early B-cell factor 1) as an interaction partner for TET2, suggesting a sequence-specific mechanism for regulating DNA methylation. Cancer-associated mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase are proposed to impair TET2-dependent DNA demethylation. By comparing the methylomes of IDH-mutant cancers, the authors identify the transcription factor EBF1 as a partner of TET2, suggesting a possible means for targeting TET2 to specific DNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Guilhamon
- Medical Genomics, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
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Shmarakov IA, Katan NV. [The induction of Guerin's carcinoma cytochrome p450 hydroxylase activity by retinoids]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2013; 58:539-48. [PMID: 23289295 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20125805539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The interconnection of tumor growth process and the provision of the body with vitamin A was studied. The replenishment of vitamin A stores of vitamin-deficient tumor bearing animals modulated Guerin's carcinoma growth rate in a dose dependent manner (r = 0,83). The morphological parameters of tumor growth at different provision with vitamin A positively correlated with hydroxylase (r = 0,81) and demethylase (r = 0,49) activities of the Guerin's carcinoma cytochrome P450 system. The induction of hydroxylase and demethylase activities of cytochrome P450 in Guerin's carcinoma microsomal fraction, observed either under conditions of overdose supplementation, or selective liposomal form of all-trans-retinoic acid, suggests the stimulatory effect of retinoids on tumor growth.
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Chen C, Diao D, Guo L, Shi M, Gao J, Hu M, Yu M, Qian L, Guo N. All-trans-retinoic acid modulates ICAM-1 N-glycan composition by influencing GnT-III levels and inhibits cell adhesion and trans-endothelial migration. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52975. [PMID: 23300837 PMCID: PMC3530489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the expression of glycosyltransferases directly influence the oligosaccharide structures and conformations of cell surface glycoproteins and consequently cellular phenotype transitions and biological behaviors. In the present study, we show that all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) modulates the N-glycan composition of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by manipulating the expression of two N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases, GnT-III and GnT-V, via the ERK signaling pathway. Exposure of various cells to ATRA caused a remarkable gel mobility down-shift of ICAM-1. Treatment with PNGase F confirmed that the reduction of the ICAM-1 molecular mass is attributed to the decreased complexity of N-glycans. We noticed that the expression of the mRNA encoding GnT-III, which stops branching, was significantly enhanced following ATRA exposure. In contrast, the level of the mRNA encoding GnT-V, which promotes branching, was reduced following ATRA exposure. Silencing of GnT-III prevented the molecular mass shift of ICAM-1. Moreover, ATRA induction greatly inhibited the adhesion of SW480 and U937 cells to the HUVEC monolayer, whereas knock-down of GnT-III expression effectively restored cell adhesion function. Treatment with ATRA also dramatically reduced the trans-endothelial migration of U937 cells. These data indicate that the alteration of ICAM-1 N-glycan composition by ATRA-induced GnT-III activities hindered cell adhesion and cell migration functions simultaneously, pinpointing a unique regulatory role of specific glycosyltransferases in the biological behaviors of tumor cells and a novel function of ATRA in the modulation of ICAM-1 N-glycan composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changguo Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Navy General Hospital, No. 6 Fucheng Road, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dekun Diao
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gao
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Meiru Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lu Qian
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (LQ); (NG)
| | - Ning Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (LQ); (NG)
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15
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Shmarakov IA, Katan NV. The induction of Guerin’s carcinoma cytochrome P450 hydroxylase activity by retinoids. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s199075081104010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Liu RZ, Graham K, Glubrecht DD, Germain DR, Mackey JR, Godbout R. Association of FABP5 expression with poor survival in triple-negative breast cancer: implication for retinoic acid therapy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 178:997-1008. [PMID: 21356353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies using animal models suggest that expression of FABP5 drives the stimulation of cell growth observed in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer cells on exposure to retinoic acid (RA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance of FABP5 in breast cancer and to evaluate FABP5 as a prognostic marker and a possible novel therapeutic target in breast cancer. Gene expression microarray analysis revealed a significant correlation between elevated FABP5 RNA levels and ER/progesterone receptor (PR)-negative status, high tumor grade, and poor prognosis. Tissue microarray analysis demonstrated similar correlations with cytoplasmic FABP5 protein. Based on multivariate proportional regression analysis, cytoplasmic FABP5 is a significant and independent prognostic marker of overall survival and recurrence-free survival in breast cancer. The effects of FABP5 on tumor growth appear to be mediated primarily through cytoplasmic FABP, because no correlation was found between nuclear FABP5 and ER/PR-negative status, recurrence, and survival. FABP5 knockdown in breast cancer cell lines demonstrates a correlation between FABP5 levels and growth response to RA. We propose a model whereby growth-promoting FABP5 competes with growth-inhibiting CRABP2 for RA, with retention of RA in the cytoplasm by FABP5 preventing the inhibition of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Zong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, School of Cancer, Engineering and Imaging Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Acquafreda T, Nunes FD, Soprano DR, Soprano KJ. Expression of homeobox genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines treated with all-trans retinoic acid. J Cell Biochem 2011; 111:1437-44. [PMID: 20830740 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) may arise from potentially malignant oral lesions. All-trans retinoic acid (atRA), which plays a role in cell growth and differentiation, has been studied as a possible chemotherapeutic agent in the prevention of this progression. While the mechanism by which atRA suppresses cell growth has not been completely elucidated, it is known that homeobox genes are atRA targets. To determine if these genes are involved in the atRA-mediated OSCC growth inhibition, PCR array was performed to evaluate the expression of 84 homeobox genes in atRA-sensitive SCC-25 cells compared to atRA-resistant SCC-9 cells following 7 days with atRA treatment. Results showed that the expression of 8 homeobox genes was downregulated and expression of 4 was upregulated in SCC-25 cells but not in SCC-9 cells. Gene expression levels were confirmed for seven of these genes by RT-qPCR. Expression of three genes that showed threefold downregulation was evaluated in SCC-25 cells treated with atRA for 3, 5, and 7 days. Three different patterns of atRA-dependent gene expression were observed. ALX1 showed downregulation only on day 7. DLX3 showed reduced expression on day 3 and further reduced on day 7. TLX1 showed downregulation only on days 5 and 7. Clearly the expression of homeobox genes is modulated by atRA in OSCC cell lines. However, the time course of this modulation suggests that these genes are not direct targets of atRA mediating OSCC growth suppression. Instead they appear to act as downstream effectors of atRA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Acquafreda
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Purev E, Giordano A, Soprano DR, Soprano KJ. Interaction of PP2A catalytic subunit with Rb2/p130 is required for all-trans retinoic acid suppression of ovarian carcinoma cell growth. J Cell Physiol 2006; 206:495-502. [PMID: 16206244 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment causes CAOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells to growth arrest in the G0/G1 phase and to elevate the level of Rb2/p130 protein. PP2A, a serine/threonine phosphatase, binds and dephosphorylates Rb2/p130, thereby increasing the half-life of Rb2/p130 in the cell. In order to further characterize the interaction between Rb2/p130 and PP2A upon ATRA treatment, we examined the posttranslational modification of PP2A. ATRA treatment leads to hypophosphorylation of PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) that correlates with increased PP2A activity. In addition, the N-terminus of PP2Ac binds directly to NLS sequences located in the C-terminus of Rb2/p130. Furthermore, CAOV3 cells transfected with a truncated Rb2/p130 construct consisting of only the wt C-terminus grew more aggressively and were less sensitive to ATRA treatment when compared to parental CAOV3 cells. In contrast, CAOV3 cells transfected with a truncated Rb2/p130 construct consisting of only the C-terminus in which the NLS sites were mutated and which could not interact with PP2A, were as sensitive to ATRA treatment as parental CAOV3 cells. These studies suggest that ATRA treatment suppresses the growth of CAOV3 cells via a novel posttranscriptional mechanism involving PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhtsetseg Purev
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
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Joshi S, Guleria R, Pan J, DiPette D, Singh US. Retinoic acid receptors and tissue-transglutaminase mediate short-term effect of retinoic acid on migration and invasion of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Oncogene 2006; 25:240-7. [PMID: 16158052 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Long-term treatment with all trans-retinoic acid (RA) induces neuronal differentiation and apoptosis. However, the effect of short-term RA treatment on cell proliferation, migration and invasion of neuroblastoma cell lines (SH-SY5Y and IMR-32) remains unclear. RA induces expression of tissue-transglutaminase (TGase) and promotes migration and invasion after 24 h of treatment in SH-SY5Y cells, but not in IMR-32 cells. RA receptor (RAR) agonist (4-(E-2-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl]-1-propenyl) benzoic acid) and RAR/retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist (9-cis-RA) promote expression of TGase, migration and invasion of SH-SY5Y cells, while RXR agonist has no significant effect. RAR antagonist blocks RA effect on migration and invasion, indicating that RAR receptors are required. Retinoid receptors are expressed and activated by RA in both cell lines. However, only transient activation of RAR is observed in IMR-32 cells. These findings suggest that different responses observed in SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 cells could be due to differential activation of retinoid receptors. Overexpression of TGase has no effect on migration or invasion, while overexpression of antisense TGase blocks RA-induced migration and invasion, indicating that other molecules along with TGase mediate RA effects. In addition to the long-term effects of RA that are coupled with cell differentiation, short-term effects involve migration and invasion of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76504, USA
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Hale LA, Tallafuss A, Yan YL, Dudley L, Eisen JS, Postlethwait JH. Characterization of the retinoic acid receptor genes raraa, rarab and rarg during zebrafish development. Gene Expr Patterns 2006; 6:546-55. [PMID: 16455309 DOI: 10.1016/j.modgep.2005.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2005] [Revised: 10/22/2005] [Accepted: 10/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid signaling is important for patterning the central nervous system, paired appendages, digestive tract, and other organs. To begin to investigate retinoic acid signaling in zebrafish, we determined orthologies between zebrafish and tetrapod retinoic acid receptors (Rars) and examined the expression patterns of rar genes during embryonic development. Analysis of phylogenies and conserved syntenies showed that the three cloned zebrafish rar genes include raraa and rarab, which are co-orthologs of tetrapod Rara, and rarg, which is the zebrafish ortholog of tetrapod Rarg. We did not, however, find an ortholog of Rarb. RNA in situ hybridization experiments showed that rarab and rarg, are maternally expressed. Zygotic expression of raraa occurs predominantly in the hindbrain, lateral mesoderm, and tailbud. Zygotic expression of rarab largely overlaps that of raraa, except that in later stages rarab is expressed more broadly in the brain and in the pectoral fin bud and pharyngeal arches. Zygotic expression of zebrafish rarg also overlaps the other two genes, but it is expressed more strongly in the posterior hindbrain beginning in late somitogenesis as well as in neural crest cells in the pharyngeal arches. Thus, these three genes have largely overlapping expression patterns and a few gene-specific expression domains. Knowledge of these expression patterns will guide the interpretation of the roles these genes play in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Hale
- Institute of Neuroscience, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
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Royal W, Leander MV, Bissonnette R. Retinoid-induced mu opioid receptor expression by phytohemagglutinin-stimulated U937 cells. J Neurovirol 2005; 11:157-65. [PMID: 16036794 DOI: 10.1080/13550280590922766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Opioid use may be associated with an increased risk of neurological disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection through effects on immune cell function. Studies were performed to examine the effects of specific retinoid receptor activation on mu opioid receptor (MOR) production by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated U937 cells, a mononuclear cell line. PHA stimulation increased activation of the MOR promoter as well as levels of MOR mRNA, total receptor protein in cell lysates, and surface and cytoplasmic receptor expression. Retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist and retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist further increased MOR expression by the PHA-stimulated cells. In contrast, MOR expression was suppressed by RAR agonist and by RXR antagonist. Finally, opioid receptor binding was also increased by RXR agonist and RXR antagonist; no increase in binding occurred in the presence of RAR agonists and RXR antagonist. All together, these studies suggest that MOR expression in U937 cells can be differentially regulated by specific retinoid receptor activation. Such effects may have important clinical relevance for opioid users with HIV infection, including individuals with neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Royal
- Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30310-1495, USA.
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Dheen ST, Jun Y, Yan Z, Tay SSW, Ling EA. Retinoic acid inhibits expression of TNF-alpha and iNOS in activated rat microglia. Glia 2005; 50:21-31. [PMID: 15602748 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The release of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and nitric oxide by microglia has been implicated in neurotoxicity in chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. As all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory actions in various cell types, we have examined its effects on the expression of TNF-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in microglia activated by beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exposure of primary cultures of rat microglial cells to Abeta or LPS stimulated the mRNA expression level of TNF-alpha (6-116-fold) and iNOS (8-500-fold) significantly. RA acted in a dose-dependent manner (0.1-10 microM) by attenuating both TNF-alpha (29-97%) and iNOS (61-96%) mRNA expression in microglia exposed to Abeta or LPS. RA-induced inhibition of TNF-alpha and iNOS mRNA expression in activated microglia was accompanied by the concomitant reduction in release of iNOS and TNF-alpha proteins as revealed by nitrite assay and ELISA, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effects of RA were correlated with the enhanced expression of retinoic acid receptor-beta, and transforming growth factor-beta1 as well as the inhibition of NF-kappaB translocation. These results suggest that RA may inhibit the neurotoxic effect of activated microglia by suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Kunisada M, Budiyanto A, Bito T, Nishigori C, Ueda M. Retinoic acid suppresses telomerase activity in HSC-1 human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 2005; 152:435-43. [PMID: 15787811 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06471x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of telomerase is crucial for the continued growth and progression of cancer cells. In a previous study, we showed that telomerase is frequently activated in skin tumours. OBJECTIVE Because retinoic acid (RA) plays an important role in the growth and differentiation of keratinocytes and as RA has some preventive and therapeutic effects on human skin cancers, we examined the effect of RA on the telomerase activity of HSC-1 human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. RESULTS Treatment of HSC-1 cells with all-trans RA (ATRA) significantly suppressed their telomerase activity. The suppression of telomerase activity was obvious at day 4 and was maximal at day 5 after the start of treatment with RA. This suppression was reversible as removal of ATRA allowed the recovery of telomerase activity. The suppression of telomerase activity correlated with the decreased expression of mRNA of human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT), the rate-limiting determinant of enzyme activity. The production of c-myc and of Sp1 proteins, transcription factors regulating hTERT expression, was not suppressed in HSC-1 cells by ATRA, but phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 and of the serine/threonine kinase Akt was significantly suppressed. Phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, which regulates hTERT expression in HSC-1 cells, was not altered by ATRA. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that RA is effective in inhibiting telomerase activity in HSC-1 cells. Suppression of ERK1/2 and Akt activation is presumed to be involved in the RA-induced suppression of hTERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kunisada
- Division of Dermatology, Clinical Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
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Niles RM. Signaling pathways in retinoid chemoprevention and treatment of cancer. Mutat Res 2004; 555:81-96. [PMID: 15476854 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2004] [Revised: 05/17/2004] [Accepted: 05/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, has been shown to have chemopreventive and therapeutic activity for certain cancers such as head and neck, cervical, neuroblastoma and promyelocytic leukemia. Retinoic acid achieves these activities by inducing differentiation and/or growth arrest. A large number of studies have investigated the mechanism(s) by which retinoic acid alters the behavior of premalignant and tumor cells. Although much important data has been obtained, the exact signaling pathways required for retinoic acid to exert its biological effects remains elusive. In this review, we outline the role and function of retinoid nuclear receptors, followed by a discussion of how major signaling pathways are affected in different tumor types by retinoids. We conclude by examining the effect of retinoic acid on G1 cell cycle regulatory proteins in various tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Niles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine at Marshall University, 1542 Spring Valley Drive, Huntington, WV 25704, USA.
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