1
|
Higuchi M, Abiko Y, Washio J, Takahashi N. Antimicrobial effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate, a catechin abundant in green tea, on periodontal disease-associated bacteria. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 167:106063. [PMID: 39128436 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a catechin abundant in green tea, exhibits antibacterial activity. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of EGCG on periodontal disease-associated bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Fusobacterium periodontium) were evaluated and compared with its effects on Streptococcus mutans, a caries-associated bacterium. RESULTS Treatment with 2 mg/ml EGCG for 4 h killed all periodontal disease-associated bacteria, whereas it only reduced the viable count of S. mutans by about 40 %. Regarding growth, the periodontal disease-associated bacteria were more susceptible to EGCG than S. mutans, based on the growth inhibition ring test. As for metabolism, the 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50) of EGCG for bacterial metabolic activity was lower for periodontal disease-associated bacteria (0.32-0.65 mg/ml) than for S. mutans (1.14 mg/ml). Furthermore, these IC50 values were negatively correlated with the growth inhibition ring (r = -0.73 to -0.86). EGCG induced bacterial aggregation at the following concentrations: P. gingivalis (>0.125 mg/ml), F. periodonticum (>0.5 mg/ml), F. nucleatum (>1 mg/ml), and P. nigrescens (>2 mg/ml). S. mutans aggregated at an EGCG concentration of > 1 mg/ml. CONCLUSION EGCG may help to prevent periodontal disease by killing bacteria, inhibiting bacterial growth by suppressing bacterial metabolic activity, and removing bacteria through aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Higuchi
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Yuki Abiko
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Jumpei Washio
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Takahashi
- Division of Oral Ecology and Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar NB, Hogue S, Pow-Sang J, Poch M, Manley BJ, Li R, Dhillon J, Yu A, Byrd DA. Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of the Gut Microbiome. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3988. [PMID: 36010981 PMCID: PMC9406482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports green tea catechins (GTCs) in chemoprevention for prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men. GTCs include (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which may modulate the molecular pathways implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Prior studies of GTCs suggested that they are bioavailable, safe, and effective for modulating clinical and biological markers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. GTCs may be of particular benefit to those with low-grade PCas typically managed with careful monitoring via active surveillance (AS). Though AS is recommended, it has limitations including potential under-grading, variations in eligibility, and anxiety reported by men while on AS. Secondary chemoprevention of low-grade PCas using GTCs may help address these limitations. When administrated orally, the gut microbiome enzymatically transforms GTC structure, altering its bioavailability, bioactivity, and toxicity. In addition to xenobiotic metabolism, the gut microbiome has multiple other physiological effects potentially involved in PCa progression, including regulating inflammation, hormones, and other known/unknown pathways. Therefore, it is important to consider not only the independent roles of GTCs and the gut microbiome in the context of PCa chemoprevention, but how gut microbes may relate to individual responses to GTCs, which, in turn, can enhance clinical decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B. Kumar
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Stephanie Hogue
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Michael Poch
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brandon J. Manley
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Roger Li
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jasreman Dhillon
- Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Alice Yu
- Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Doratha A. Byrd
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bosland MC, Horton L, Condon MS. Effects of green tea on prostate carcinogenesis in rat models and a human prostate cancer xenograft model. Prostate 2022; 82:1117-1124. [PMID: 35485427 PMCID: PMC9246968 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence to suggest that green tea soy may have protective effects against prostate cancer, but there are several epidemiologic and clinical studies that did not identify such an effect. We tested the notion of protective effects in a rat model of prostate carcinogenesis that has been predictive of the effects of selenium and vitamin E in randomized clinical trials and a human prostate cancer xenograft model in nude mice and rat prostate tumor cells transplanted in immune-competent syngeneic animals. METHODS Prostate cancer was induced in rats with methylnitrosourea and testosterone and tumor incidence was determined. Subcutaneous tumor growth was measured resulting from injected cells isolated from rat prostate cancers grafted in syngeneic animals and from the prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-producing human prostate cancer PC346 xenografted in nude mice. Brewed decaffeinated green tea infusion or caffeinated green tea extract and the same 300 mg/ml concentration of caffeine were provided in drinking water of the rats and nude mice. RESULTS Caffeinated green tea extract and caffeine provided in drinking water did not modify the induction of prostate cancer in the rat model compared with control rats. The same drinking water treatments also did not affect the growth and PSA production of PC346 human prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice and the growth of two transplantable rat prostate cancer tumor lines in Wistar Firth rats. Brewed green tea infusion as drinking water did also not affect tumor growth in these xeno- and allograft models. CONCLUSION These animal studies with drinking water exposure to green tea and caffeine do not support the idea that green tea is protective against prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten C. Bosland
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lori Horton
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mark S. Condon
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Allied Health and Biological Sciences, SUNY Dutchess Community College, Poughkeepsie, NY
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alam M, Alam S, Shamsi A, Adnan M, Elasbali AM, Al-Soud WA, Alreshidi M, Hawsawi YM, Tippana A, Pasupuleti VR, Hassan MI. Bax/Bcl-2 Cascade Is Regulated by the EGFR Pathway: Therapeutic Targeting of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:869672. [PMID: 35402265 PMCID: PMC8990771 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.869672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) comprises 80%-85% of lung cancer cases. EGFR is involved in several cancer developments, including NSCLC. The EGFR pathway regulates the Bax/Bcl-2 cascade in NSCLC. Increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of fundamental tumor progression has guided the development of numerous antitumor drugs. The development and improvement of rationally planned inhibitors and agents targeting particular cellular and biological pathways in cancer have been signified as a most important paradigm shift in the strategy to treat and manage lung cancer. Newer approaches and novel chemotherapeutic agents are required to accompany present cancer therapies for improving efficiency. Using natural products as a drug with an effective delivery system may benefit therapeutics. Naturally originated compounds such as phytochemicals provide crucial sources for novel agents/drugs and resources for tumor therapy. Applying the small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs)/phytochemicals has led to potent preclinical discoveries in various human tumor preclinical models, including lung cancer. In this review, we summarize recent information on the molecular mechanisms of the Bax/Bcl-2 cascade and EGFR pathway in NSCLC and target them for therapeutic implications. We further described the therapeutic potential of Bax/Bcl-2/EGFR SMIs, mainly those with more potent and selectivity, including gefitinib, EGCG, ABT-737, thymoquinone, quercetin, and venetoclax. In addition, we explained the targeting EGFR pathway and ongoing in vitro and in vivo and clinical investigations in NSCLC. Exploration of such inhibitors facilitates the future treatment and management of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Shoaib Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Abu Al-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa Alreshidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anitha Tippana
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU), Tirupati, India
| | - Visweswara Rao Pasupuleti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Pekanbaru, Indonesia.,Centre for International Collaboration and Research, Reva University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alam M, Ali S, Ashraf GM, Bilgrami AL, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. Epigallocatechin 3-gallate: From green tea to cancer therapeutics. Food Chem 2022; 379:132135. [PMID: 35063850 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) possesses various biological functions, including anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. EGCG is an abundant polyphenolic component originating from green tea extract that has exhibited versatile bioactivities in combating several cancers. This review highlights the pharmacological features of EGCG and its therapeutic implications in cancer and other metabolic diseases. It modulates numerous signaling pathways, regulating cells' undesired survival and proliferation, thus imparting strong tumor chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. EGCG initiates cell death through the intrinsic pathway and causes inhibition of EGFR, STAT3, and ERK pathways in several cancers. EGCG alters and inhibits ERK1/2, NF-κB, and Akt-mediated signaling, altering the Bcl-2 family proteins ratio and activating caspases in tumor cells. This review focuses on anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, and apoptotic effects of EGCG. We further highlighted the potential of EGCG in different types of cancer, emphasizing clinical trials formulations that further improve our understanding of the therapeutic management of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sabeeha Ali
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar L Bilgrami
- Deanship of Scientific Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City 21924, South Korea.
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jia X, Ren M, Zhang Y, Ye R, Zhang L, Li Z. Association between tea drinking and plasma folate concentration among women aged 18-30 years in China. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4929-4936. [PMID: 33317650 PMCID: PMC11082794 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020004851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Association was found between tea and neural tube defects. However, few studies investigated the relationship between tea consumption and blood folate levels. We aimed to investigate the association between tea consumption and plasma folate concentrations among women aged 18-30 years in different ethnicities of China. DESIGN Data were obtained from a national cross-sectional study conducted from 2005 to 2006 of women aged 18-30 years in China. Socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle were obtained from a questionnaire. Dietary folate intake was determined by 24-h dietary recall. Plasma folate concentrations were measured by a microbiological assay. Multiple linear regression model was used to calculate partial regression coefficients after adjusting for confounding factors. SETTING Nine provinces or autonomous regions in China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2932 women aged 18-30 years in China. RESULTS After stratifying by ethnicity and tea type, tea consumption was significantly positively associated with plasma folate levels in Han women who drank unfermented tea weekly (β = 0·067, and P = 0·037) or daily (β = 0·119, and P = 0·031) and in Uighur women who drank fermented tea weekly (β = 0·325, and P = 0·028). For women who drank unfermented tea in Han ethnicity, weekly and daily tea drinkers had 6·77 % (95 % CI: 6·36 %, 7·21 %) and 7·13 % (95 % CI: 6·40 %, 7·96 %) increase in plasma folate concentration compared with no tea drinkers. CONCLUSIONS There is a suggestion of possible positive association between unfermented tea drinking in Han ethnicity and plasma folate concentrations, for Chinese women aged 18-30 years. The relationship between tea drinking in other ethnic groups and plasma folate still needs to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Jia
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
| | - Mengyuan Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
| | - Rongwei Ye
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alam M, Ali S, Mohammad T, Hasan GM, Yadav DK, Hassan MI. B Cell Lymphoma 2: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910442. [PMID: 34638779 PMCID: PMC8509036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the apoptosis mechanism stimulate cancer cell growth and survival. B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is an anti-apoptotic molecule that plays a central role in apoptosis. Bcl-2 is the founding constituent of the Bcl-2 protein family of apoptosis controllers, the primary apoptosis regulators linked with cancer. Bcl-2 has been identified as being over-expressed in several cancers. Bcl-2 is induced by protein kinases and several signaling molecules which stimulate cancer development. Identifying the important function played by Bcl-2 in cancer progression and development, and treatment made it a target related to therapy for multiple cancers. Among the various strategies that have been proposed to block Bcl-2, BH3-mimetics have appeared as a novel group of compounds thanks to their favorable effects on many cancers within several clinical settings. Because of the fundamental function of Bcl-2 in the regulation of apoptosis, the Bcl-2 protein is a potent target for the development of novel anti-tumor treatments. Bcl-2 inhibitors have been used against several cancers and provide a pre-clinical platform for testing novel therapeutic drugs. Clinical trials of multiple investigational agents targeting Bcl-2 are ongoing. This review discusses the role of Bcl-2 in cancer development; it could be exploited as a potential target for developing novel therapeutic strategies to combat various types of cancers. We further highlight the therapeutic activity of Bcl-2 inhibitors and their implications for the therapeutic management of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manzar Alam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Sabeeha Ali
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (T.M.)
| | - Gulam Mustafa Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Hambakmoeiro 191, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21924, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.A.); (S.A.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu CH, Chen CH, Hsieh PF, Lee YH, Kuo WWT, Wu RCY, Hung CH, Yang YL, Lin VC. Verbascoside inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of prostate cancer cells through high-mobility group box 1/receptor for advanced glycation end-products/TGF-β pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1080-1089. [PMID: 33522686 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer has significant mortality and metastasis rate in the male. Unfortunately, effective treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer is still lacking. Verbascoside, a phenylethanoid glycoside, displays various pharmacological properties, such as the anti-cancer activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of purified verbascoside on human prostate cancer and the associated molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human prostate cancer cell lines, Du-145 and PC-3, were treated with various concentrations of verbascoside (0.1, 1, 10 μM) for 24 h followed by the examination of cell viability using MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. Cell migration and invasion capacities were assessed by wound healing assay and transwell system. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated factors, components of transforming growth factor (TGF-β)/Smad signaling, and high-mobility group box (HMGB)/receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) axis. RESULTS Verbascoside treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of Du-145 and PC-3 cells. We showed that verbascoside decreased the expression of EMT promotors, Snail and Slug, and increased the expression of E-cadherin. Moreover, the expression level of alpha-smooth muscle actin was downregulated by verbascoside as well. Besides, we found that the TGF-β pathway was suppressed, which was demonstrated by the diminished expression of type I and II TGF-β receptors and phosphorylated Smad2/3 along with the upregulated Smad7. Our data suggested that this downregulation of TGF-β signaling was mediated by repression of HMGB 1 (HMGB1)/RAGE axis. CONCLUSION Verbascoside mitigated the cell proliferation and aggressiveness of prostate cancer via downregulation of TGF-β-associated EMT progression through HMGB1/RAGE suppression. Collectively, our findings revealed that verbascoside may be a beneficial dietary supplement for prostate cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsien Wu
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsien Chen
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Hsieh
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsi Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wade Wei-Ting Kuo
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Richard Chen-Yu Wu
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, Chung-Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Victor C Lin
- Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kapoor B, Gulati M, Gupta R, Singh SK, Gupta M, Nabi A, Chawla PA. A Review on Plant Flavonoids as Potential Anticancer Agents. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201126214150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are mainly derived from fruits and
vegetables and constitute an essential part of plant-derived beverages such as green tea, wine
and cocoa-based products. They have been shown to possess anticancer effects via different
mechanisms such as carcinogen inactivation, antiproliferation, cell cycle arrest, induction of
apoptosis and differentiation, inhibition of angiogenesis, anti-oxidation and reversal of
multidrug resistance or a combination of any two or more of these mechanisms. The present
review summarizes the chemistry, biosynthesis and anticancer evaluation of flavonoids in
both animal and human studies. A special emphasis has been placed on the flavonoids that are
being screened in different phases of clinical trials for chemoprotective action against various
cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH 1) Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH 1) Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Reena Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH 1) Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH 1) Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Mukta Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH 1) Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Arshid Nabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Pooja A. Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perveen K, Husain FM, Qais FA, Khan A, Razak S, Afsar T, Alam P, Almajwal AM, Abulmeaty MMA. Microwave-Assisted Rapid Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Seed Extract of Trachyspermum ammi: ROS Mediated Biofilm Inhibition and Anticancer Activity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:197. [PMID: 33573343 PMCID: PMC7911733 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plant extracts as capping and reducing agents for the biomedical applications has received considerable attention. Moreover, emergence and spread of multidrug resistance among bacterial pathogens has become a major health concern and lookout for novel alternative effective drugs has gained momentum. In current study, we synthesized gold nanoparticles using the seed extract of Trachyspermum ammi (TA-AuNPs), assessed its efficacy against drug resistant biofilms of Listeria monocytogenes and Serratia marcescens, and evaluated its anticancer potential against HepG2 cancer cell lines. Microwave-assisted green synthesis of gold nanoparticles was carried out and characterization was done using UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Most nanoparticles were observed as spherical and spheroidal with few anisotropies with an average crystalline size of 16.63 nm. Synthesized TA-AuNPs demonstrated significant biofilm inhibitory activity against L. monocytogenes (73%) as well as S. marcescens (81%). Exopolysaccharide (EPS), motility, and CSH, key elements that facilitate the formation and maintenance of biofilm were also inhibited significantly at the tested sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs). Further, TA-AuNPs effectively obliterated preformed mature biofilms of S. marcescens and L. monocytogenes by 64% and 58%, respectively. Induction of intracellular ROS production in TA-AuNPs treated bacterial cells could be the plausible mechanism for the reduced biofilm formation in test pathogens. Administration of TA-AuNPs resulted in the arrest of cellular proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. TA-AuNPs decrease the intracellular GSH in HepG2 cancer cell lines, cells become more prone to ROS generation, hence induce apoptosis. Thus, this work proposes a new eco-friendly and rapid approach for fabricating NPs which can be exploited for multifarious biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizan Abul Qais
- Department of Ag. Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Altaf Khan
- Central Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali M. Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| | - Mahmoud M. A. Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.M.A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses prostate cancer cell growth via activating miR-520a-3p. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s43450-020-00079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
12
|
Bonta RK. Dietary Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents: Current State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:29-48. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191019112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a rapidly growing disease and the second most leading cause of death
worldwide. Breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancer are the most diagnosed types of cancer among the majority
of the population. The prevalence of these cancers is increasing rapidly due to the lack of effective drugs. The
search for anti-cancer bioactive components from natural plant sources is gaining immense significance. The
aim of the paper is to introduce the readers about the in vitro and in vivo biochemical mechanisms of phenolic
acids and flavonoids in these four types of cancers.
Methods:
A literature search was carried out in databases, including Scopus, SciFinder, Springer, Science direct
and Google. The main keywords used were fruits & vegetables, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anticancer, bioavailability,
etc. The data obtained were integrated and analyzed.
Results:
The study revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids, which include
the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, induction of Poly ADP ribose
polymerase cleavage, downregulation of Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and Matrix metalloproteinases-9 activities,
decreased levels of B-cell lymphoma-2, etc. Promising effects of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been observed
against breast, colon, lung and prostate cancers.
Conclusion:
The in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been revealed
in this study. With the knowledge of specific molecular targets and the structural-functional relationship
of bioactive compounds, the current review will open a new gateway for the scientific community and provide
them a viable option to exploit more of these compounds for the development of novel and efficacious anticancer
compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K. Bonta
- Plant Metabolic Pathway Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rogovskii VS, Popov SV, Sturov NV, Shimanovskii NL. The Possibility of Preventive and Therapeutic Use of Green Tea Catechins in Prostate Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1223-1231. [PMID: 30947675 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190404153058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer. Despite the existence of various treatment strategies, treatment of prostate cancer still presents serious difficulties (especially in advanced stages). Polyphenols have been extensively assessed in terms of their potential use for prostate cancer treatment and prevention. Catechins are among the most well-known polyphenols in this respect. OBJECTIVE In this review, we summarize clinical study results concerning catechin applications with regard to prostate cancer treatment and prevention. We discuss some of the main mechanisms of the anticarcinogenic action of catechins. CONCLUSION The main mechanisms of the anticarcinogenic action of catechins are subdivided into two major types: (i) direct action on cancer cells and (ii) indirect effect based on catechins's impact on the microenvironment of cancer cells, particularly in relation to the immune system. At this level catechins might reduce tumor-associated inflammation and immune tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir S Rogovskii
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V Popov
- Department of General medical practice, Medical Institute Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai V Sturov
- Department of General medical practice, Medical Institute Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolai L Shimanovskii
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kaya Z, Yayla M, Cinar I, Atila NE, Ozmen S, Bayraktutan Z, Bilici D. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) exert therapeutic effect on acute inflammatory otitis media in rats. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 124:106-110. [PMID: 31176023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION That EGCG has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as well as antibacterial activity against many streptococcus species suggests that it may be beneficial in the treatment of AOM. OBJECTIVE Aim of the study is to reveal the molecular and biochemical effects of EGCG on LPS induced otitis media in rats. METHODS Forty-two male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups. Inflammation was induced by administrating 50 μL of 1 mg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS). EGCG used 50 and 100 mg/kg/day and combined penicillin G (PENG) 48 h after LPS injection. RESULTS The combined EGCG 50 and PENG group and the group with EGCG 50 alone showed the best anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-induced AOM. TNF-α and IL-1β gene expression significantly down regulated EGCG 50 and combined with PENG compared to the otitis media group. The combination of PenG and EGCG 50 led to the best histopathological improvement. Both the inflammation and the membrane thickness of this group were at almost the same level as the healthy group and tympanum was seen normal. CONCLUSION The results of this study make it clear that EGCG plays an important role in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity during AOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zulkuf Kaya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Yayla
- Department of Pharmacology, Kafkas University, Faculty of Medicine, 36180, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Irfan Cinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nihal Efe Atila
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zafer Bayraktutan
- Department of Biochemistry, Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Dilek Bilici
- Department of Microbiology, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Metastasis of cells from primary site to distant organs involves a series of sequential steps, and molecules responsible for all these events are understandably considered as potential targets for metastasis management. Tea polyphenols, the secondary metabolites of the tea leaf Camellia sinensis, are increasingly being studied for their antimetastatic properties. In this article, effects of green tea polyphenols (GTP) and black tea polyphenols (BTP) on the molecules and events involved in metastasis are discussed in detail. As tea is a very popular beverage, tea polyphenols are expected to be potential chemopreventive agents that can be taken with normal diet and can be nontoxic due to their natural origin. However, individual variations in metabolic pathways, bioavailability, dose, and toxicity are some important factors that can modify the effectiveness of tea polyphenols within the human system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niladri Bag
- Department of Horticulture, Sikkim University, Gangtok, India
| | - Arundhati Bag
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rady I, Mohamed H, Rady M, Siddiqui IA, Mukhtar H. Cancer preventive and therapeutic effects of EGCG, the major polyphenol in green tea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Rady
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hadir Mohamed
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mohamad Rady
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Imtiaz A. Siddiqui
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Razak S, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alam I, Jahan S. Growth inhibition and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells induced by Vitamin D-Nanoemulsion (NVD): involvement of Wnt/β-catenin and other signal transduction pathways. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:15. [PMID: 30733856 PMCID: PMC6359839 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than the two decades, the question of whether vitamin D has a role in cancer frequency, development, and death has been premeditated in detail. Colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers have been a scrupulous spot of center, altogether, these three malignancies report for approximately 35% of cancer cases and 20% of cancer demises in the United States, and as such are a chief public health apprehension. The aim was to evaluate antitumor activity of Vitamin D-Nanoemulsion (NVD) in colorectal cancer cell lines and HCT116 xenograft model in a comprehensive approach. METHODS Two human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 (gained from College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, KSA were grown. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide protocol were performed to show the impact of NVD and β-catenin inhibitor (FH535) on the viability of HCT116 and HT29 cell lines. Apoptosis/cell cycle assay was performed. Analysis was done with a FACScan (Becton-Dickinson, NJ). About 10,000 cells per sample were harvested and Histograms of DNA were analyzed with ModiFitLT software (verity Software House, ME, USA). Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed for protein and gene expression respectively in in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that NVD induced cytotoxicity in colorectal cells in a dose-dependent manner and time dependent approach. Further, our data validated that NVD administration of human colorectal cancer HCT116 and HT29 cells resulted in cell growth arrest, alteration in molecules regulating cell cycle operative in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis in a dose dependent approach. Further our results concluded that NVD administration decreases expression of β-catenin gene, AKT gene and Survivin gene and protein expression in in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that targeting β-catenin gene may encourage the alterations of cell cycle and cell cycle regulators. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway possibly takes part in the genesis and progression of colorectal cancer cells through regulating cell cycle and the expression of cell cycle regulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Razak
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Alam
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Razak S, Afsar T, Ullah A, Almajwal A, Alkholief M, Alshamsan A, Jahan S. Taxifolin, a natural flavonoid interacts with cell cycle regulators causes cell cycle arrest and causes tumor regression by activating Wnt/ β -catenin signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1043. [PMID: 30367624 PMCID: PMC6204009 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New approaches for the prevention of colon cancer perseveres an essential necessity. Though, resistance to existing chemo-preventive drugs is moderately predominant in colon carcinogenesis. Taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) is a flavononol, have shown virile biological activities against few cancers. The current study was designed to investigate and equate antitumor activity of Taxifolin (TAX) in colorectal cancer cell lines and in HCT116 xenograft model in a comprehensive approach. Methods Two human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29, were used. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide (MMT) protocol was performed to elucidate the impact of TAX and β- catenin inhibitor (FH535) on the viability of HCT116 and HT29 cell lines. Apoptosis /cell cycle assay was performed. Data interpretation was done with a FACScan (Becton Dickinson, NJ). About 1 × 104 cells per sample were harvested. Histograms of DNA were analyzed with ModiFitLT software (verity Software House, ME, USA). Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed for protein and gene expression respectively in in vitro and in vivo. Results We found that TAX induced cytotoxicity in colorectal cells in a dose-dependent manner and time dependent approach. Further, our data validated that administration of TAX to human colorectal cancer HCT116 and HT29 cells resulted in cell growth arrest, variation in molecules controlling cell cycle operative in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis in a concentration dependent approach. Further our results concluded that TAX administration decreases expression of β-catenin gene, AKT gene and Survivin gene and protein expression in in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Our findings proposed that targeting β-catenin gene may encourage the alterations of cell cycle and cell cycle regulators. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway possibly takes part in the genesis and progression of colorectal cancer cells through regulating cell cycle and the expression of cell cycle regulators. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4959-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Razak
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. .,Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaed Alkholief
- Nanomedicine research unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws Alshamsan
- Nanomedicine research unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sanaei M, Kavoosi F, Roustazadeh A, Golestan F. Effect of Genistein in Comparison with Trichostatin A on Reactivation of DNMTs Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2018; 6:141-146. [PMID: 29951358 PMCID: PMC6018304 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2018.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: DNA methylation and histone modification are epigenetic modifications essential for normal function of mammalian cells. The processes are mediated by biochemical interactions between DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases. Promoter hypermethylation and deacetylation of tumor suppressor genes play major roles in cancer induction, through transcriptional silencing of these genes. DNA hypermethylation is carried out by a family of DNMTs including DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b. In hepatocellular carcinoma, a significant positive correlation between over-expression of these genes and cancer induction has been reported. The DNA demethylating agent genistein (GE) has been demonstrated to reduce different cancers. Previously, we reported that GE can induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma PLC/PRF5 and HepG2 cell lines. Besides, histone deacetylase inhibitors, such as trichostatin A (TSA), were successfully used to inhibit cancer cell growth. The present study was designed to assess the effect of GE in comparison with TSA on DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b gene expression, cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in the HepG2 cell line. Methods: Cells were seeded and treated with various doses of GE and TSA. The MTT assay, flow cytometry assay, and real-time RT-PCR were used to determine viability, apoptosis, and DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b gene expression respectively. Results: Both agents inhibited cell growth, induced apoptosis and reactivated DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b gene expression. Furthermore, TSA demonstrated a significantly greater apoptotic effect than the other agent, whereas GE improved gene expression more significantly than TSA. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that GE and TSA can significantly inhibit cell growth, induce apoptosis and restore DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b gene reactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Sanaei
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Fars province, Iran
| | - Fraidoon Kavoosi
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Fars province, Iran
- *Correspondence to: Fraidoon Kavoosi, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Fars province, 74148-46199, Iran. Tel: +98-9173914117, E-mail:
| | - Abazar Roustazadeh
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Fars province, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Golestan
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Fars province, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Janiak MA, Amarowicz R, Rostek D. Influence of Catechin Fraction and High Molecular Fraction from Green Tea Extract on Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus Strains. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea is known for its health-promoting properties. It is a complex mixture of polyphenols, and as interest in finding new possibilities for plant extracts as food additives grows, there is a need to investigate the potential interactions of these additives with food ingredients such as microorganisms. Lactic acid bacteria are widely used in food technology. The catechin fraction (CF) and high molecular weight fraction (HMW) from green tea extracts were obtained from Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and characterized by SE-HPLC-DAD, with CF also characterized by RP-HPLC-DAD. To investigate the antimicrobial properties of green tea fractions, the dilution plating method was performed. SE-HPLC demonstrated clear differences between two of the fractions. The addition of the fractions to growth medium demonstrated that the HMW was a less selective anti-microbial agent than CF, which unequally modulated the growth of the tested strains. Growth of Lactobacillus bulgaricus 151 was promoted after the addition of both fractions. Bifidobacterium animalis 25527 was identified as the most sensitive strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Adam Janiak
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Department of Chemical and Physical Properties of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Danuta Rostek
- Microbiological Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dietary patterns and prostate cancer risk in Japanese: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study). Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:589-600. [PMID: 29671180 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of prostate cancer may be impacted by environmental factors, including diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and risk of prostate cancer in a large prospective cohort study among Japanese men. METHODS A total of 43,469 men who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study were followed from 1995 to 1998 to the end of 2012, during which 1,156 cases of prostate cancer were newly identified. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire in the 5-year follow-up survey. RESULTS Three major dietary patterns were derived using exploratory factors analysis: prudent, westernized, and traditional dietary patterns. The westernized dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of total prostate cancer (HR: 1.22; 95% CI 1.00-1.49; p trend = 0.021), localized cancer (HR: 1.24; 95% CI 0.97-1.57; p trend = 0.045), and advanced cancer (HR: 1.23; 95% CI 0.82-1.84; p trend = 0.233). The prudent dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of total and localized prostate cancer, with respective multivariable HRs for the highest and lowest quintiles of 0.71 (95% CI 0.50-1.02; p trend = 0.037) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.38-1.03; p trend = 0.048) among subjects detected by subjective symptoms. No association was found between the traditional dietary pattern and prostate cancer risk among our subjects. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that a western-style diet may lead to a higher risk of prostate cancer in the total population, whereas the prudent diet contributes to a lower risk among subjects detected by subjective symptoms.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kinetic features of carbonyl reductase 1 acting on glutathionylated aldehydes. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 276:127-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
23
|
Castelli T, Russo GI, Reale G, Privitera S, Chisari M, Fragalà E, Favilla V, Cimino S, Morgia G. Metabolic syndrome and prostatic disease: potentially role of polyphenols in preventive strategies. A review. Int Braz J Urol 2017; 42:422-30. [PMID: 27286103 PMCID: PMC4920557 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2015.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are two common urological diseases of the elderly. Scientific community has always looked for a link that could explain the correlation between the two diseases and the role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of BPH and PCa. As shown by the reports of the two diseases relationship with oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome, the use of compounds with antioxidant action could therefore affect both the symptoms and their onset. Polyphenols appear to act not only against oxidative stress but also at different levels. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role of the most important polyphenols on these two urological diseases. As antioxidants these compounds seems to have a direct action on the cell cycle and hormone function, important for both prostate cancer and BPH. Despite a large number of articles about the relationship of the polyphenols with prostate cancer, very little evidence exists for BPH. Additional clinical trials or meta-analysis are necessary on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Castelli
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giulio Reale
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Salvatore Privitera
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Mario Chisari
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Eugenia Fragalà
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Vincenzo Favilla
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Sebastiano Cimino
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Morgia
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kooti W, Servatyari K, Behzadifar M, Asadi-Samani M, Sadeghi F, Nouri B, Zare Marzouni H. Effective Medicinal Plant in Cancer Treatment, Part 2: Review Study. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:982-995. [PMID: 28359161 PMCID: PMC5871268 DOI: 10.1177/2156587217696927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. With due attention to rapid progress in the phytochemical study of plants, they are becoming popular because of their anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective medicinal plants in the treatment of cancer and study their mechanism of action. In order to gather information the keywords “traditional medicine,” “plant compounds,” “medicinal plant,” “medicinal herb,” “toxicity,” “anticancer effect,” “cell line,” and “treatment” were searched in international databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus and national databases such as Magiran, Sid, and Iranmedex, and a total of 228 articles were collected. In this phase, 49 nonrelevant articles were excluded. Enhancement P53 protein expression, reducing the expression of proteins P27, P21, NFκB expression and induction of apoptosis, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and reduction of the level of acid phosphatase and lipid peroxidation are the most effective mechanisms of herbal plants that can inhibit cell cycle and proliferation. Common treatments such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy can cause some complications. According to results of this study, herbal extracts have antioxidant compounds that can induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation by the investigated mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Kooti
- 1 Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Karo Servatyari
- 1 Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Masoud Behzadifar
- 2 Student of Health Policy, Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Asadi-Samani
- 3 Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghi
- 1 Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Bijan Nouri
- 4 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Hadi Zare Marzouni
- 5 Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kumar NB, Pow-Sang JM, Spiess PE, Park JY, Chornokur G, Leone AR, Phelan CM. Chemoprevention in African American Men With Prostate Cancer. Cancer Control 2017; 23:415-423. [PMID: 27842331 DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations for cancer screening are uncertain for the early detection or prevention of prostate cancer in African American men. Thus, chemoprevention strategies are needed to specifically target African American men. METHODS The evidence was examined on the biological etiology of disparities in African Americans related to prostate cancer. Possible chemopreventive agents and biomarkers critical to prostate cancer in African American men were also studied. RESULTS High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia may be more prevalent in African American men, even after controlling for age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, abnormal results on digital rectal examination, and prostate volume. Prostate cancer in African American men can lead to the overexpression of signaling receptors that may mediate increased proliferation, angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis. Use of chemopreventive agents may be useful for select populations of men. CONCLUSIONS Green tea catechins are able to target multiple pathways to address the underlying biology of prostate carcinogenesis in African American men, so they may be ideal as a chemoprevention agent in these men diagnosed with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shankar E, Montellano J, Gupta S. Chapter 5 Green Tea Polyphenols in the Prevention and Therapy of Prostate Cancer. TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINES FOR MODERN TIMES 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315370156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
27
|
Arcone R, Palma M, Pagliara V, Graziani G, Masullo M, Nardone G. Green tea polyphenols affect invasiveness of human gastric MKN-28 cells by inhibition of LPS or TNF-α induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9/2. BIOCHIMIE OPEN 2016; 3:56-63. [PMID: 29450132 PMCID: PMC5802102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopen.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Several studies demonstrated a correlation between green tea consumption and a reduced cancer risk. Among different components, green tea polyphenols have been identified as molecules responsible for the beneficial effects showed by the green tea against oxidative stress and cell invasiveness. In this study, we investigated the effects of green tea polyphenol extracts (GTPs) in human gastric MKN-28 cell line. To this aim, we have first evaluated the effect of GTPs on oxidative stress induced cell injury. The pre-treatment with 10-4 M catechin equivalents of GTPs exerts a protective effect on xanthine-xanthine oxidase induced cell cytotoxicity, thus confirming the anti-oxidant properties of GTPs. The effect of GTPs was also extended to the invasive ability of MKN-28 cells stimulated with TNF-α or LPS, as pro-inflammatory factors. Migration and matrigel invasion assays demonstrated that GTPs exposure (10-6 M) prevents the increase in cell invasiveness induced by TNF-α or LPS. Finally, we have analyzed the effect of GTPs on the levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP)-9/2, whose expression is up-regulated by TNF-α or LPS. Our results indicated that the pre-treatment with GTPs was able to reduce MMP-9/2 expression at both protein and enzyme activity levels in the conditioned media of TNF-α or LPS stimulated MKN-28 cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that green tea polyphenol extract reduces the invasiveness of gastric MKN-28 cancer cells through the reduction of TNF-α or LPS induced MMP-9/2 up-regulation. Therefore, these data support the hypothesis that GTPs could exert a protective role against the metastatic process in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Key Words
- Cell migration
- Cell invasion
- DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagles's Medium
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- ECM, Extracellular matrix
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- GTPs, Green tea polyphenols extract
- Green tea polyphenols
- LPS, Lipopolysaccharide
- MKN-28 gastric cancer cells
- MMP-, Matrix metalloproteinase
- Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)
- Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)
- PBS, Phosphate-buffer saline
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor α
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Arcone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, S.C. a R.L., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Margherita Palma
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Pagliara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giulia Graziani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università di Napoli "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, S.C. a R.L., Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gerardo Nardone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li F, Tao Y, Qiao Y, Li K, Jiang Y, Cao C, Ren S, Chang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Xie Y, Dong Z, Zhao J, Liu K. Eupatilin inhibits EGF-induced JB6 cell transformation by targeting PI3K. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:1148-54. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
29
|
Eom DW, Lee JH, Kim YJ, Hwang GS, Kim SN, Kwak JH, Cheon GJ, Kim KH, Jang HJ, Ham J, Kang KS, Yamabe N. Synergistic effect of curcumin on epigallocatechin gallate-induced anticancer action in PC3 prostate cancer cells. BMB Rep 2016; 48:461-6. [PMID: 25441423 PMCID: PMC4576954 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.8.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin are well known to naturally-occurring anticancer agents. The aim of this study was to verify the combined beneficial anticancer effects of curcumin and EGCG on PC3 prostate cancer cells, which are resistant to chemotherapy drugs and apoptosis inducers. EGCG showed weaker inhibitory effect on PC3 cell proliferation than two other prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and DU145. Co-treatment of curcumin improved antiproliferative effect of EGCG on PC3 cells. The protein expressions of p21 were significantly increased by the co-treatment of EGCG and curcumin, whereas it was not changed by the treatment with each individual compound. Moreover, treatments of EGCG and curcumin arrested both S and G2/M phases of PC3 cells. These results suggest that the enhanced inhibitory effect of EGCG on PC3 cell proliferation by curcumin was mediated by the synergic up-regulation of p21-induced growth arrest and followed cell growth arrest. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(8): 461-466]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Woon Eom
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung 25440, Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Young-Joo Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Gwi Seo Hwang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Su-Nam Kim
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Kwak
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung 25440, Korea
| | - Gab Jin Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung 25440, Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- Natural Product Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jai Jang
- Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung 25440, Korea
| | - Jungyeob Ham
- Natural Products Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Korea
| | - Ki Sung Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| | - Noriko Yamabe
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bosutti A, Zanconati F, Grassi G, Dapas B, Passamonti S, Scaggiante B. Epigenetic and miRNAs Dysregulation in Prostate Cancer: The role of Nutraceuticals. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2016; 16:1385-1402. [PMID: 27109021 PMCID: PMC5068501 DOI: 10.2174/1871520616666160425105257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The control of cancer onset and progression is recognized to benefit from specific molecular targeting. MiRNAs are increasingly being implicated in prostate cancer, and the evidence suggests they are possible targets for molecular therapy and diagnosis. In cancer cells, growing attention has been dedicated to novel molecular mechanisms linking the epigenetic scenario to miRNA dysregulation. Currently, the rising evidence shows that nutritional and natural agents, the so-called nutraceuticals, could modulate miRNAs expression, and, as a consequence, might influence cellular responses in health or diseases conditions, including cancer. Among dietary components, plant-derived polyphenols are receiving wide interest, either for their anti-aging and anti-oxidant properties, or for their more general "cell-protective" effects. Above all, their role in preventing the occurrence/recurrence of cancer and, in particular, their potentiality in nutritional intervention for modulating the functions of miRNAs and the epigenetic mechanisms, is still under active debate. This review is focused on the more recent highlights of the impact of miRNAs dysregulation on the onset and progression of prostate cancer, their interplay with epigenetic control and their modulation by natural agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bruna Scaggiante
- Address correspondence to this author at the Dept. of Life Sciences, Via Giorgeri, 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Tel: ++39 040 558 3686; Fax: ++39 040 558 3691; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mohammad RM, Muqbil I, Lowe L, Yedjou C, Hsu HY, Lin LT, Siegelin MD, Fimognari C, Kumar NB, Dou QP, Yang H, Samadi AK, Russo GL, Spagnuolo C, Ray SK, Chakrabarti M, Morre JD, Coley HM, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Helferich WG, Yang X, Boosani CS, Guha G, Bhakta D, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Keith WN, Bilsland A, Halicka D, Nowsheen S, Azmi AS. Broad targeting of resistance to apoptosis in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S78-S103. [PMID: 25936818 PMCID: PMC4720504 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis or programmed cell death is natural way of removing aged cells from the body. Most of the anti-cancer therapies trigger apoptosis induction and related cell death networks to eliminate malignant cells. However, in cancer, de-regulated apoptotic signaling, particularly the activation of an anti-apoptotic systems, allows cancer cells to escape this program leading to uncontrolled proliferation resulting in tumor survival, therapeutic resistance and recurrence of cancer. This resistance is a complicated phenomenon that emanates from the interactions of various molecules and signaling pathways. In this comprehensive review we discuss the various factors contributing to apoptosis resistance in cancers. The key resistance targets that are discussed include (1) Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 proteins; (2) autophagy processes; (3) necrosis and necroptosis; (4) heat shock protein signaling; (5) the proteasome pathway; (6) epigenetic mechanisms; and (7) aberrant nuclear export signaling. The shortcomings of current therapeutic modalities are highlighted and a broad spectrum strategy using approaches including (a) gossypol; (b) epigallocatechin-3-gallate; (c) UMI-77 (d) triptolide and (e) selinexor that can be used to overcome cell death resistance is presented. This review provides a roadmap for the design of successful anti-cancer strategies that overcome resistance to apoptosis for better therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Interim translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Getting to Know Cancer, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Clement Yedjou
- C-SET, [Jackson, #229] State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Hsue-Yin Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Markus David Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Nagi B Kumar
- Moffit Cancer Center, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Q Ping Dou
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit MI, United States
| | - Huanjie Yang
- The School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | | | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Carmela Spagnuolo
- Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Swapan K Ray
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Mrinmay Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - James D Morre
- Mor-NuCo, Inc, Purdue Research Park, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Helen M Coley
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, university of florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, United Arab Emirates
| | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, School of Medicine Creighton University, Omaha NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Ireland
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ma GZ, Wang CM, Li L, Ding N, Gao XL. Effect of pomegranate peel polyphenols on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells in vivo. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
33
|
Asadi-Samani M, Kooti W, Aslani E, Shirzad H. A Systematic Review of Iran’s Medicinal Plants With Anticancer Effects. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2015; 21:143-53. [DOI: 10.1177/2156587215600873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increase in cases of various cancers has encouraged the researchers to discover novel, more effective drugs from plant sources. This study is a review of medicinal plants in Iran with already investigated anticancer effects on various cell lines. Thirty-six medicinal plants alongside their products with anticancer effects as well as the most important plant compounds responsible for the plants’ anticancer effect were introduced. Phenolic and alkaloid compounds were demonstrated to have anticancer effects on various cancers in most studies. The plants and their active compounds exerted anticancer effects by removing free radicals and antioxidant effects, cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. The investigated plants in Iran contain the compounds that are able to contribute effectively to fighting cancer cells. Therefore, the extract and active compounds of the medicinal plants introduced in this review article could open a way to conduct clinical trials on cancer and greatly help researchers and pharmacists develop new anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Asadi-Samani
- Student Research Committee, Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Wesam Kooti
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Student Research Committee, Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Castro Nava A, Cojoc M, Peitzsch C, Cirillo G, Kurth I, Fuessel S, Erdmann K, Kunhardt D, Vittorio O, Hampel S, Dubrovska A. Development of novel radiochemotherapy approaches targeting prostate tumor progenitor cells using nanohybrids. Int J Cancer 2015; 137:2492-503. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Castro Nava
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology; Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Fetscherstrasse 74 Dresden Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Material Research Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Monica Cojoc
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology; Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Fetscherstrasse 74 Dresden Germany
| | - Claudia Peitzsch
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology; Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Fetscherstrasse 74 Dresden Germany
| | - Giuseppe Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy; Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria; Arcavacata Di Rende Italy
| | - Ina Kurth
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology; Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Fetscherstrasse 74 Dresden Germany
| | - Susanne Fuessel
- Department of Urology; Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden; Fetscherstrasse 74 Dresden Germany
| | - Kati Erdmann
- Department of Urology; Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden; Fetscherstrasse 74 Dresden Germany
| | - David Kunhardt
- Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Material Research Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Orazio Vittorio
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia Lowy Cancer Research Centre; UNSW Sydney Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Silke Hampel
- Leibniz Institute of Solid State and Material Research Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology; Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; Fetscherstrasse 74 Dresden Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Devi R, Kalita T, Das SK. Brønsted acid-catalysed intramolecular ring opening of 2-(aryloxymethyl)-3-aryloxiranes leading to trans-4-arylchroman-3-ols: scope and limitations. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02193f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and metal-free method for the synthesis of a series oftrans-4-arylchroman-3-olsviaBrønsted acid-catalysed stereoselective intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkylation of electron-rich arenes by tethered epoxides is developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runjun Devi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur
- India-784028
| | - Tapasi Kalita
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur
- India-784028
| | - Sajal Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Tezpur University
- Tezpur
- India-784028
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Khan N, Mukhtar H. Tea and health: studies in humans. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 19:6141-7. [PMID: 23448443 DOI: 10.2174/1381612811319340008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tea, next to water is the cheapest beverage humans consume. Drinking the beverage tea has been considered a healthpromoting habit since ancient times. The modern medicinal research is providing a scientific basis for this belief. The evidence supporting the health benefits of tea drinking grows stronger with each new study that is published in the scientific literature. Tea plant Camellia sinensis has been cultivated for thousands of years and its leaves have been used for medicinal purposes. Tea is used as a popular beverage worldwide and its ingredients are now finding medicinal benefits. Encouraging data showing cancer-preventive effects of green tea from cell-culture, animal and human studies have emerged. Evidence is accumulating that black tea may have similar beneficial effects. Tea consumption has also been shown to be useful for prevention of many debilitating human diseases that include maintenance of cardiovascular and metabolic health. Various studies suggest that polyphenolic compounds present in green and black tea are associated with beneficial effects in prevention of cardiovascular diseases, particularly of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. In addition, anti-aging, antidiabetic and many other health beneficial effects associated with tea consumption are described. Evidence is accumulating that catechins and theaflavins, which are the main polyphenolic compounds of green and black tea, respectively, are responsible for most of the physiological effects of tea. This article describes the evidences from clinical and epidemiological studies in the prevention of chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular diseases and general health promotion associated with tea consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naghma Khan
- Helfaer Professor of Cancer Research, Director and Vice Chair for Research, Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 4385, Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sang LX, Chang B, Li XH, Jiang M. Green tea consumption and risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies. Nutr Cancer 2014; 65:802-12. [PMID: 23909723 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.805423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We performed a meta-analysis to analyze the association of various levels of green tea consumption with risk of esophageal cancer. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for studies of green tea consumption and esophageal cancer and identified 12 observational studies. For esophageal cancer, the pooled relative risk (RR) was 1.09 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.76-1.55] for greatest vs. non/least green tea consumption; however, there was significant heterogeneity across studies (P = 0.00, I(2) = 75.5%). Compared with subjects who drank no/least green tea, the pooled RR was 1.14 (95% CI = 0.97-1.35) for moderate drinkers, 0.94 (95% CI = 0.77-1.13) for those who drank little, and 0.97 (95% CI = 0.77-1.22) for all subjects who had ever drunk green tea. Subgroup analysis showed that the RR was 0.46 (95% CI = 0.29-0.73) for female subjects. The results of the present meta-analysis are that any association between green tea and risk of esophageal cancer remains unclear. Subgroup analyses indicated that greater consumption of green tea might reduce the risk of esophageal cancer in female subjects. However, the results are based on limited research. Further research is needed to confirm the results and clarify the likely biological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xuan Sang
- Department of Cadre Ward II, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim SJ, Amankwah E, Connors S, Park HY, Rincon M, Cornnell H, Chornokur G, Hashim AI, Choi J, Tsai YY, Engelman RW, Kumar N, Park JY. Safety and chemopreventive effect of Polyphenon E in preventing early and metastatic progression of prostate cancer in TRAMP mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:435-44. [PMID: 24501325 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0427-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer treatment is often accompanied by untoward side effects. Therefore, chemoprevention to reduce the risk and inhibit the progression of prostate cancer may be an effective approach to reducing disease burden. We investigated the safety and efficacy of Polyphenon E, a green tea extract, in reducing the progression of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. A total of 119 male TRAMP and 119 C57BL/6J mice were treated orally with one of 3 doses of Polyphenon E (200, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg/day) in drinking water ad libitum replicating human achievable doses. Baseline assessments were performed before treatments. Safety and efficacy assessments during treatments were performed when mice were 12, 22, and 32 weeks old. The number and size of tumors in treated TRAMP mice were significantly decreased compared with untreated animals. In untreated 32 weeks old TRAMP mice, prostate carcinoma metastasis to distant sites was observed in 100% of mice (8/8), compared with 13% of mice (2/16) treated with high-dose Polyphenon E during the same period. Furthermore, Polyphenon E treatment significantly inhibited metastasis in TRAMP mice in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.0003). Long-term (32 weeks) treatment with Polyphenon E was safe and well tolerated with no evidence of toxicity in C57BL/6J mice. Polyphenon E is an effective chemopreventive agent in preventing the progression of prostate cancer to metastasis in TRAMP mice. Polyphenon E showed no toxicity in these mouse models. Our findings provide additional evidence for the safety and chemopreventive effect of Polyphenon E in preventing metastatic progression of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Numerous agents have been investigated in prostate cancer prevention. Many manipulate sex steroid levels or function, some regulate response to oxidative stress and others affect tumor proliferation and/or apoptosis. Some are postulated to even affect downstream targets, such as cyclooxygenase-2, which has been shown to be elevated in prostate cancer by most investigators. The evidence for all these potential chemopreventive agents is critically reviewed. While the current information base is vast, level 1 evidence is lacking, and ongoing trials are not due to provide such evidence for many years to come. In addition, the current lack of ability to accurately differentiate clinically important prostate cancer from latent disease makes chemoprevention in this setting even more challenging. Currently, no reliable biomarkers that can act as surrogate endpoints for the development of clinically relevant prostate cancer exist, which makes performing large chemoprevention trials expensive. At present, there is little to suggest that the urologist or General Practitioner should be recommending any particular chemopreventive agent to either the general population or those deemed to be at higher risk of contracting prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang W, Yang Y, Zhang W, Wu W. Association of tea consumption and the risk of oral cancer: a meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2014; 50:276-81. [PMID: 24389399 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epidemiological studies evaluating the association of tea consumption and the risk of oral cancer risk have produced inconsistent results. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between tea consumption and oral cancer risk. METHODS Pertinent studies were identified by a search in PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Wan Fang Med Online. The fixed or random effect model was used based on heterogeneity test. Publication bias was estimated using Egger's regression asymmetry test. RESULTS Finally, 14 articles with 19 studies comprising 4675 oral cancer cases were included in this meta-analysis. The relative risk (95% confidence interval) of oral cancer for the highest versus the lowest category of tea consumption was 0.853 (0.779-0.934), and the association was significant between oral cancer risk and green tea consumption [0.798 (0.673-0.947)] but not in the black tea consumption [0.953 (0.792-1.146)]. The associations were also significant in Asian and Caucasian. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis indicated that tea consumption may have a protective effect on oral cancer, especially in green tea consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanchun Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosal Diseases, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yu'e Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosal Diseases, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hashimoto O, Nakamura A, Nakamura T, Iwamoto H, Hiroshi M, Inoue K, Torimura T, Ueno T, Sata M. Methylated-(3'')-epigallocatechin gallate analog suppresses tumor growth in Huh7 hepatoma cells via inhibition of angiogenesis. Nutr Cancer 2013; 66:728-35. [PMID: 24033329 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.783601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
It is agreed that many of the antitumor effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are mediated by various other effects. We report a new finding, namely, the antiproliferation potential and mechanism of methylated-(3'')-epigallocatechin gallate analog (MethylEGCG) having a stronger anti-oxidation effect than EGCG. MethylEGCG inhibited activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-depended VEGF receptor 2 and p42/44 MAPK, cell proliferation, and tube formation in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) at 1 μ M. Even low- dose (1.1 mg/kg i.p. 8.3 mg/kg p.o.) administration suppressed tumor growth in xenografted Huh7 hepatoma mice by 50%. CD31 positive cells, visualized in blood vessels, were reduced in tumors by 18%, suggesting high antitumor activity via inhibition of angiogenesis. This study indicated that the modification of the 3'' position methylation of EGCG (MethylEGCG) could reduce cell growth effects at a low concentration in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Hashimoto
- a Liver Cancer Division, Research Center for Innovative Cancer Therapy , Kurume University , Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Qin Y, Guo XW, Li L, Wang HW, Kim W. The Antioxidant Property of Chitosan Green Tea Polyphenols Complex Induces Transglutaminase Activation in Wound Healing. J Med Food 2013; 16:487-98. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Qin
- Department of Biosystems and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xing Wei Guo
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Surgery Research, Third Milisurg Medical Unversity, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Wook Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Tea is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide, and green tea is the least processed from the buds of the Camellia sinensis plant. The most abundant component of green tea is (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which has been the focus of many cell culture, animal and clinical trials, revealing that EGCG possesses antiproliferative, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and chemopreventive effects. In this review we briefly summarize the mechanism of action(s) of the green tea component EGCG, highlighting recent advances in the epigenetic regulation by EGCG. Additionally, we provide an overview of mouse chemoprevention studies and EGCG chemoprevention clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schramm
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, NY 11439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kumar N, Chornokur G. Molecular Targeted Therapies Using Botanicals for Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (SUNNYVALE, CALIF.) 2012; Suppl 2:005. [PMID: 24527269 PMCID: PMC3920581 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1025.s2-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the large number of botanicals demonstrating promise as potential cancer chemopreventive agents, most have failed to prove effectiveness in clinical trials. Critical requirements for moving botanical agents to recommendation for clinical use include adopting a systematic, molecular-target based approach and utilizing the same ethical and rigorous methods that are used to evaluate other pharmacological agents. Preliminary data on a mechanistic rationale for chemoprevention activity as observed from epidemiological, in vitro and preclinical studies, phase I data of safety in suitable cohorts, duration of intervention based on time to progression of pre-neoplastic disease to cancer and using a valid panel of biomarkers representing the hypothesized carcinogenesis pathway for measuring efficacy must inform the design of clinical trials. Botanicals have been shown to influence multiple biochemical and molecular cascades that inhibit mutagenesis, proliferation, induce apoptosis, suppress the formation and growth of human cancers, thus modulating several hallmarks of carcinogenesis. These agents appear promising in their potential to make a dramatic impact in cancer prevention and treatment, with a significantly superior safety profile than most agents evaluated to date. The goal of this paper is to provide models of translational research based on the current evidence of promising botanicals with a specific focus on targeted therapies for PCa chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Florida, USA ; University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Ganna Chornokur
- Department of Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
There is a need for developing improved therapeutic options for the management of prostate cancer, able to inhibit proliferation of precancerous and malignant lesions and/or to improve the effectiveness of conventional chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. In this perspective, application of nanotechnology based strategies for the delivery of natural compounds for effective management of the disease is being actively researched. Here, after highlighting the most promising natural compounds for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer, the state of the art nanotherapeutics and the recent proof-of-concept of "nanochemoprevention", as well as the clinical development of promising targeted nanoprototypes for use in the prostate cancer treatment are being discussed.
Collapse
|
46
|
Lin CH, Shen YA, Hung PH, Yu YB, Chen YJ. Epigallocathechin gallate, polyphenol present in green tea, inhibits stem-like characteristics and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:201. [PMID: 23110507 PMCID: PMC3575296 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that the consumption of green tea inhibits the growth of various cancers. Most cancers are believed to be initiated from and maintained by a small population of cancer stem-like cells (CSC) or tumor-initiating cells (TIC) that are responsible for tumor relapse and chemotherapeutic resistance. Although epigallocathechin gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin in green tea, has been reported to induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in some cancer cells, its effect on CSC is undefined. In this study, we enriched CSC by the sphere formation, and provided an efficient model for further experiments. Using this method, we examined the effects of EGCG regulating the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) CSC and attempted to elucidate the possible mechanisms. METHODS NPC TW01 and TW06 cell lines were enriched by sphere formation and characterized their phenotypical properties, such as invasion capacity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and gene expression were analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (q-RT-PCR). EGCG-induced growth inhibition in the parental and sphere-derived cells was determined by MTT and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. EGCG-induced apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V and PI staining. The effects of EGCG on sphere-derived cell tumorigenicity, migration and invasion were determined by soft agar assay, wound healing, and cell invasion assay. The alternation of protein expression regulated by EGCG on these sphere-derived cells was assessed by immunofluorescence staining and western blot. RESULTS NPC sphere-derived cells grown in serum-free non-adherent culture showed increased expression of stem cell markers and EMT markers compared to parental cells grown in conventional culture. Although EGCG induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in the parental cells in a dose-dependent manner, it was not as effective against spheres. However, EGCG potently inhibited sphere formation and can eliminate the stem cell characteristics of NPC and inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signatures. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings show that NPC cells with sphere formations possess the properties of CSC. Using this model, we found that EGCG regulated NPC CSC, their self-renewal capacity, and inhibited their invasive characteristics. It supports the pivotal role of EGCG as a dietary compound targeting NPC and may decrease recurrence and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
Collapse
|
47
|
Martinez EE, Anderson PD, Logan M, Abdulkadir SA. Antioxidant treatment promotes prostate epithelial proliferation in Nkx3.1 mutant mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46792. [PMID: 23077524 PMCID: PMC3471914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Discordant results in preclinical and clinical trials have raised questions over the effectiveness of antioxidants in prostate cancer chemoprevention. Results from the large-scale Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) showed that antioxidants failed to prevent, and in some cases promoted, prostate cancer formation in men without a history of the disease. One possible explanation for these alarming results is the notion that the effects of antioxidant treatment on the prostate are modified by specific, intrinsic genetic risk factors, causing some men to respond negatively to antioxidant treatment. Loss of expression of the homeobox transcription factor NKX3.1 in the prostate is frequently associated with human prostate cancer. Nkx3.1 mutant mice display prostatic hyperplasia and dysplasia and are used as a model of the early stages of prostate cancer initiation. While the mechanisms by which Nkx3.1 loss promotes prostate tumorigenicity are not completely understood, published data have suggested that elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with Nkx3.1 loss may be a causative factor. Here we have tested this hypothesis by treating Nkx3.1 mutant mice with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 13 weeks post-weaning. Surprisingly, while NAC treatment decreased ROS levels in Nkx3.1 mutant mouse prostates, it failed to reduce prostatic epithelial hyperplasia/dysplasia. Rather, NAC treatment increased epithelial cell proliferation and promoted the expression of a pro-proliferative gene signature. These results show that ROS do not promote proliferation in the Nkx3.1-null prostate, but instead inhibit proliferation, suggesting that antioxidant treatment may encourage prostate epithelial cell proliferation early in prostate tumorigenesis. Our findings provide new insight that may help explain the increased prostate cancer risk observed with vitamin E treatment in the SELECT trial and emphasize the need for preclinical studies using accurate models of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Martinez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Philip D. Anderson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Monica Logan
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sarki A. Abdulkadir
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang X, Lin YW, Wang S, Wu J, Mao QQ, Zheng XY, Xie LP. A meta-analysis of tea consumption and the risk of bladder cancer. Urol Int 2012; 90:10-6. [PMID: 23052791 DOI: 10.1159/000342804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies on the association between tea consumption and bladder cancer risk have only illustrated contradictory results. The role of tea in bladder carcinogenesis still remains conflicting. In order to illustrate the potential relationship between tea consumption and bladder cancer, a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies was conducted. METHODS Eligible studies were retrieved via both computerized searches and review of references. Stratified analyses on types of tea, gender, study design, ethnicity and smoking status were performed. Fixed- or random-effect models were used to summarize the estimates of OR with 95% CIs. RESULTS Seventeen studies were eligible for our analysis. No statistical significance was detected between tea consumption and bladder cancer risk when comparing the highest with the lowest intake of tea (OR = 0.825, 95% CI 0.652-1.043). In the subgroup of green tea, we observed it illustrated a protective effect on bladder cancer (OR = 0.814, 95% CI 0.678-0.976). CONCLUSION Our analysis indicated that green tea may have a protective effect on bladder cancer in Asian people. Further studies need to be conducted to better clarify the biological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Li M, Liu JT, Pang XM, Han CJ, Mao JJ. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits angiotensin II and interleukin-6-induced C-reactive protein production in macrophages. Pharmacol Rep 2012; 64:912-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(12)70886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
50
|
Polyphenols: key issues involved in chemoprevention of prostate cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:632959. [PMID: 22690272 PMCID: PMC3368543 DOI: 10.1155/2012/632959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is is the most common solid neoplasm and it is now recognized as one of the most important medical problems facing the male population. Due to its long latency and its identifiable preneoplastic lesions, prostate cancer is an ideal target tumor for chemoprevention. Different compounds are available and certainly polyphenols represent those with efficacy against prostate cancer. This review take a look at activity and properties of major polyphenolic substances, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate, curcumin, resveratrol and the flavonoids quercetin and genistein. Although the current studies are limited, mechanisms of action of polyphenols added with the lack of side effects show a a start for future strategies in prostate chemoprevention.
Collapse
|