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Basu A, Richardson LA, Carlos A, Abubakr NH, Weltman RL, Ebersole JL. The Associations of Cardiometabolic and Dietary Variables with Clinical Periodontitis in Adults with and without Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 16:81. [PMID: 38201914 PMCID: PMC10780717 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a commonly occurring inflammatory oral disease affecting a large proportion of global and US adults and is characterized by the destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus. Its etiology is multifactorial, and type 2 diabetes and diet play critical roles in its remission and progression. However, few studies have addressed nutritional and serum vitamin D status in adults with periodontitis in the presence of diabetes. A cross-sectional study (n = 78), and a sub-set of age- and BMI-matched case-control studies (n = 50), were conducted to examine differences in dietary and cardiometabolic variables, and serum vitamin D in adults with periodontitis with or without diabetes. Participants provided fasting blood samples and 24-h diet recalls on at least two different days. Data on health history, body weight, height, nutritional habits, and clinical features of periodontitis were also collected. The Mann-Whitney U Test (with exact p-value estimation by Monte Carlo simulation) was used to examine differences by diabetes status in continuous and ordinal variables. Results revealed significantly lower serum vitamin D, and dietary intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, vitamins A and C in adults with periodontitis with vs. without diabetes in the sub-study (all p < 0.05). In the overall sample, adults with diabetes presented with higher caries risk measures and lower numbers of teeth than those without diabetes; plaque and bleeding scores did not differ by diabetes status. Finally, a significant associations of food habits was observed, especially consuming protein-rich foods twice a day with a lower bleeding score, and daily consumption of fried or fast foods with a fewer number of teeth present (all p < 0.05). The present findings show significant dietary and serum vitamin D inadequacies among adults with periodontitis, and diabetes further aggravates the observed malnourishment and oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Leigh Ann Richardson
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Alicia Carlos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (A.C.); (N.H.A.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Neamat Hassan Abubakr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (A.C.); (N.H.A.); (J.L.E.)
| | - Robin L. Weltman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Jeffrey L. Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (A.C.); (N.H.A.); (J.L.E.)
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Tsaqilah L, Diana IA, Gondokaryono SP, Effendi RMRA, Suwarsa O, Gunawan H, Hidayah RMN, Dwiyana RF. A Retrospective Study on the Clinical, Laboratory, and Nutritional Status of Pediatric Epidermolysis Bullosa in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in West Java, Indonesia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1615-1621. [PMID: 37389358 PMCID: PMC10305771 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s413093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genodermatosis disease with bullae and erosions of the skin and mucous membrane that can last for a lifetime and decrease quality of life. Oral and gastrointestinal disorders inhibit the patients' ability to achieve optimal nutrition, making the patients prone to infection, leading to prolonged wound healing, and delayed growth and developmental process. However, there has been no research on the clinical, laboratory, and nutritional status of pediatric EB patients in Indonesia. Purpose This study aims to describe the clinical, laboratory, and nutritional characteristics of pediatric EB patients treated in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. Patients and Methods This was a retrospective descriptive study of pediatric EB patient records in Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, from April 2018-March 2020. Results Study results showed 12 pediatric EB patients consisting of 7 dystrophic EB (DEB) (4 recessive dystrophic EB [RDEB] patients and 3 dominant dystrophic EB [DDEB]), 3 junctional EB (JEB), and 2 EB simplex (EBS). The most extensive EB wounds was found affecting 10-20% of the body surface area with a <10% infected wound area. Pain was found in all patients. The most frequent abnormalities in laboratory examination were anemia and low zinc levels. Severe malnutrition was found in almost half of the patients. Conclusion RDEB is the most commonly found type of pediatric EB. Wounds on the skin, tooth decay, hand deformity, pain when changing dressings, low zinc levels, and low hemoglobin levels are the clinical features and laboratory findings that contribute to the development of moderate and severe malnutrition in RDEB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Tsaqilah
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Inne Arline Diana
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Srie Prihianti Gondokaryono
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Raden Mohamad Rendy Ariezal Effendi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Oki Suwarsa
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Hendra Gunawan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Risa Milliawati Nurul Hidayah
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Reiva Farah Dwiyana
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Mutlu N, Liverani L, Kurtuldu F, Galusek D, Boccaccini AR. Zinc improves antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and cell motility activity of chitosan for wound healing applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:845-857. [PMID: 35667458 PMCID: PMC9240323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report the successful preparation and characterization of chitosan-Zn complex (ChiZn) in the form of films, intended to enhance the biological performance of chitosan by the presence of Zn as antibacterial agent and biologically active ion. The influence of Zn chelation on morphology and structure of chitosan was assessed by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The biodegradability study of ChiZn showed a sustained release of Zn up to 2 mg/mL. No toxic response was observed toward stromal cell line ST-2 in indirect contact with the ChiZn films. The dissolution product of ChiZn showed improved wound closure (88% closure) compared to the positive control group (70% closure). Moreover, ChiZn exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus together with a slight increase (~30%) in the secretion of VEGF and moderate decrease in nitric oxide evolution. Our findings indicate that ChiZn could be used as a safe and effective wound healing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurshen Mutlu
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liliana Liverani
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fatih Kurtuldu
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dušan Galusek
- Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS, TnUAD and FChFT STU, FunGlass, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia.
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Accelerative effect of nanohydrogels based on chitosan/ZnO incorporated with citral to heal the infected full-thickness wounds; an experimental study. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:42-54. [PMID: 35820486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant is a major challenge in to treat infected wounds, and new formulations should be produced. Citral (Citl), chitosan (Chsn), and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles may accelerate the wound healing process in terms of their antibacterial properties. This new study aimed to investigate the effects of ointments produced from ZnO/Chsn/Citl nanoparticles (NPs) to treat the infected wounds. Following the preparation of ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs, swelling behavior, the release of citral, toxicity, and antibacterial properties were evaluated. Base ointment, mupirocin, and ointments made from Chsn-NPs, Chsn/Citl-NPs, and ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs were used to treat the mice. The ointments' effects on wound contraction, total bacterial count, and immunofluorescence staining for TNF-α, TGF-β, and bFGF were tested. The synthesis of ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs was validated by XRD, FT-IR, DLS, and TEM findings. In higher dilutions, chitosan/citral and ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs indicated better antibacterial activity. Nanoparticles were safe up to concentration of the 0.5 mg/mL. The mice in Chsn/Citl and ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs treated groups showed higher (P < 0.05) wound contraction ratio and expressions for bFGF, and lower total bacterial count and expressions for TGF-β and TNF-α compared to control mice. Ointments prepared from ZnO/Chsn/Citl-NPs could compete with the commercial ointment of mupirocin and can be used to treat infected wounds after clinical studies.
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Baliga M, Rao S, Kalekhan F, Hegde S, Rao P, Suresh S. Serum zinc status and the development of mucositis and dermatitis in head-and-neck cancer patients undergoing curative radiotherapy: A pilot study. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:42-48. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_344_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Al-Tamimi J, Ebaid H, Hassan I, Alhazza IM, Hailan W, Al-Khalifa M. Samsum ant venom protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute spleen toxicity in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:31138-31150. [PMID: 33598840 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many active molecules used in the development of new drugs are produced by ants. Present study assessed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Samsum ant venom (SAV) extract in carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-induced spleen toxicity. Toxicity and oxidative stress were measured in four experimental groups: a negative control group without any treatment, a positive control group (CCl4-treated rats; a single dose of 1 ml/kg CCL4), an experimental group of CCl4-treated rats co-treated daily with SAV (100 μl), and a group to determine safe use with rats treated only with SAV (100 μl) daily for 3 weeks. CCl4-treatment led to an elevation in toxicity and oxidative stress. CCl4 significantly elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as expression of inhibitor of κB (IκB) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) proteins. On the other hand, a decrease in glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) levels were detected in CCl4-treated rats. Co-treatment with SAV was found to reduce these inflammatory and oxidative parameters. SAV elucidated a significant recovery of MDA concentration as well as a significant restoration in GSH levels compared to CCl4-treated rats; however, SAV increased CAT levels compared to normal rats. Hence, SAV was found to restore splenomegaly induced in CCl4-treated rats. Histopathological analysis also favored the biochemical analysis showing improvement in splenic architecture in CCl4 and SAV co-treated rats. The antioxidant properties of SAV may potentially enhance anti-inflammatory actions and improve spleen structure and function in CCl4-challenged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel Al-Tamimi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftekhar Hassan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Alhazza
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed Hailan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Khalifa
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Pormohammad A, Monych NK, Ghosh S, Turner DL, Turner RJ. Nanomaterials in Wound Healing and Infection Control. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050473. [PMID: 33919072 PMCID: PMC8143158 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds continue to be a serious medical concern due to their increasing incidence from injuries, surgery, burns and chronic diseases such as diabetes. Delays in the healing process are influenced by infectious microbes, especially when they are in the biofilm form, which leads to a persistent infection. Biofilms are well known for their increased antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the development of novel wound dressing drug formulations and materials with combined antibacterial, antibiofilm and wound healing properties are required. Nanomaterials (NM) have unique properties due to their size and very large surface area that leads to a wide range of applications. Several NMs have antimicrobial activity combined with wound regeneration features thus give them promising applicability to a variety of wound types. The idea of NM-based antibiotics has been around for a decade at least and there are many recent reviews of the use of nanomaterials as antimicrobials. However, far less attention has been given to exploring if these NMs actually improve wound healing outcomes. In this review, we present an overview of different types of nanomaterials explored specifically for wound healing properties combined with infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Pormohammad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (A.P.); (N.K.M.)
| | - Nadia K. Monych
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (A.P.); (N.K.M.)
| | - Sougata Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Science, RK University, Rajkot 360020, India;
| | - Diana L. Turner
- Department of Family Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Raymond J. Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (A.P.); (N.K.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-403-220-4308
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Bhutta ZA, Ashar A, Mahfooz A, Khan JA, Saleem MI, Rashid A, Aqib AI, Kulyar MFEA, Sarwar I, Shoaib M, Nawaz S, Yao W. Enhanced wound healing activity of nano ZnO and nano Curcuma longa in third-degree burn. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-020-01661-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Koyama A, Kodama A, Tsuruoka T, Fujii T, Sugimoto M, Banno H, Komori K. Zinc Deficiency and Clinical Outcome After Infrainguinal Bypass Grafting for Critical Limb Ischemia. Circ Rep 2020; 2:167-173. [PMID: 33693224 PMCID: PMC7921358 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-20-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The aim of this study was to identify a relationship between zinc (Zn) deficiency and clinical outcome in patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI). Methods and Results:
Forty-five limbs from 44 patients with CLI who underwent de novo infrainguinal bypass grafting (IBG) were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into a Zn deficiency group (ZD group: Zn <60 µg/dL) and a Zn sufficiency group (ZS group: Zn ≥60 µg/dL). Graft patency, limb salvage (LS), amputation-free survival (AFS), and wound healing were compared between the groups. LS and AFS were examined to identify whether Zn deficiency was an independent predictor. The preoperative factors potentially predictive of Zn deficiency were also analyzed. Twenty-four limbs were categorized into the ZD group. Patients in the ZD group were more likely to have undergone hemodialysis (HD) and have lower serum albumin. The surgical procedures were not significantly different between the groups. Patency, LS, AFS, and complete wound healing rates were significantly lower in the ZD group. Zn deficiency was a negative predictor of LS. Age >75 years and HD were identified as predictors of Zn deficiency. Conclusions:
Zn deficiency was associated with poor clinical outcome. Zn supplementation may improve clinical outcomes during IBG for CLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Koyama
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan.,Division of Vascular Surgery, Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital Ichinomiya Japan
| | - Akio Kodama
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Takuya Tsuruoka
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujii
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Masayuki Sugimoto
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Hiroshi Banno
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Kimihiro Komori
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
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Ebaid H, Bashandy SAE, Abdel-Mageed AM, Al-Tamimi J, Hassan I, Alhazza IM. Folic acid and melatonin mitigate diabetic nephropathy in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:6. [PMID: 31956332 PMCID: PMC6961249 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0419-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic leads to multiple serious health complications, including nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is a serious kidney-related complication of type 1 or 2 diabetes that is prevalent in almost 40% of the people with diabetes. We examined whether folic acid and melatonin can reduce progression of nephropathy in rats of type 1 diabetes mellitus by controlling the level of oxidative stress, glucose, lipids, and cytokines. Methods Forty-two male albino rats were distributed into six groups, (n = 7 per group). Five of the groups were induced with diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared streptozotocin at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. After the induction of diabetes, the rats were treated with folic acid (100 mg/kg) and melatonin (10 mg/kg) separately and in combination daily for 6 weeks, whereas, the other diabetic group was treated with glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). One of the diabetic groups served as a positive control. One-way ANOVA was used to compare those five subfields ability followed by LSD multiple comparisons. Results The data indicated that diabetes significantly altered the body weight, lipids and kidney function. Diabetic rats exhibited a significant increase in plasma levels of urea, uric acid, creatinine, sodium, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In contrast, plasma total protein, potassium, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) decreased significantly in diabetic rats compared to the control rats. Moreover, levels of renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were significantly increased while the levels of renal glutathione(GSH), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and catalase (CAT) were significantly decreased in diabetic rats comparison to those in the control rats. Hence, diabetic rats treated with folic acid and melatonin alone as well as in combination showed improvements with respect to the indices in addition to a significant recovery observed via histopathology when compared to the diabetic group. Conclusions These results revealed that treatment with folic acid in combination with melatonin in diabetic rats was more effective than treatment with either of folic acid or melatonin alone to alleviate the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Ebaid
- 1Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir A E Bashandy
- 2Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622 Egypt
| | | | - Jameel Al-Tamimi
- 1Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftekhar Hassan
- 1Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Alhazza
- 1Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
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Bonomini F, Borsani E, Favero G, Rodella LF, Rezzani R. Dietary Melatonin Supplementation Could Be a Promising Preventing/Therapeutic Approach for a Variety of Liver Diseases. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091135. [PMID: 30134592 PMCID: PMC6164189 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the therapeutic strategies, the role of diet is a well-established factor that can also have an important role in liver diseases. Melatonin, identified in animals, has many antioxidant properties and it was after discovered also in plants, named phytomelatonin. These substances have a positive effect during aging and in pathological conditions too. In particular, it is important to underline that the amount of melatonin produced by pineal gland in human decreases during lifetime and its reduction in blood could be related to pathological conditions in which mitochondria and oxidative stress play a pivotal role. Moreover, it has been indicated that melatonin/phytomelatonin containing foods may provide dietary melatonin, so their ingestion through balanced diets could be sufficient to confer health benefits. In this review, the classification of liver diseases and an overview of the most important aspects of melatonin/phytomelatonin, concerning the differences among their synthesis, their presence in foods and their role in health and diseases, are summarized. The findings suggest that melatonin/phytomelatonin supplementation with diet should be considered important in preventing different disease settings, in particular in liver. Currently, more studies are needed to strengthen the potential beneficial effects of melatonin/phytomelatonin in liver diseases and to better clarify the molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bonomini
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Elisa Borsani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Gaia Favero
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Luigi F Rodella
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
- Interdipartimental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs-(ARTO)", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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Folic acid supplementation repressed hypoxia-induced inflammatory response via ROS and JAK2/STAT3 pathway in human promyelomonocytic cells. Nutr Res 2018; 53:40-50. [PMID: 29685624 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is associated with inflammation and various chronic diseases. Folic acid is known to ameliorate inflammatory reactions, but the metabolism of folic acid protecting against hypoxia-induced injury is still unclear. In our study, we examined the inflammatory signal transduction pathway in human promyelomonocytic cells (THP-1 cells) with or without treatment with folic acid under hypoxic culture conditions. Our results indicated that supplementation with folic acid significantly reduced the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in hypoxic conditions. Treating THP-1 cells with folic acid suppressed oxidative stress and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in a dose-dependent manner. Folic acid targeted the activation of Janus kinase 2, downregulated the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and decreased the expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 protein in cells. However, the absence of folic acid did not make cells more vulnerable under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, folic acid efficiently inhibited the inflammatory response of THP-1 cells under hypoxic conditions by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production and the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway. Our study supports a basis for treatment with folic acid for chronic inflammation, which correlated with hypoxia.
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Liu Z, Xie W, Li M, Teng N, Liang X, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Wang X. Oral Administration of Polaprezinc Attenuates Fluorouracil-induced Intestinal Mucositis in a Mouse Model. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 121:480-486. [PMID: 28667794 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Liu
- Tumor Marker Research Center; National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
| | - Wenbo Xie
- Jilin Province Broadwell Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Changchun China
| | - Mingru Li
- Jilin Province Broadwell Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Changchun China
| | - Nan Teng
- Jilin Province Broadwell Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Changchun China
| | - Xiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
| | - Ziqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology; National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC); The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Tumor Marker Research Center; National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
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Wątły J, Potocki S, Rowińska-Żyrek M. Zinc Homeostasis at the Bacteria/Host Interface-From Coordination Chemistry to Nutritional Immunity. Chemistry 2016; 22:15992-16010. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wątły
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Wroclaw; F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Sławomir Potocki
- Faculty of Chemistry; University of Wroclaw; F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
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Lai L, Zhao C, Su M, Li X, Liu X, Jiang H, Amatore C, Wang X. In vivo target bio-imaging of Alzheimer's disease by fluorescent zinc oxide nanoclusters. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:1085-91. [PMID: 27229662 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00233a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease which is difficult to cure. When Alzheimer's disease occurs, the level of zinc ions in the brain changes, and the relevant amount of zinc ions continue decreasing in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of Alzheimer's patients with disease exacerbation. In view of these considerations, we have explored a new strategy for the in vivo rapid fluorescence imaging of Alzheimer's disease through target bio-labeling of zinc oxide nanoclusters which were biosynthesized in vivo in the Alzheimer's brain via intravenous injection of zinc gluconate solution. By using three-month-old and six-month-old Alzheimer's model mice as models, our observations demonstrate that biocompatible zinc ions could pass through the blood-brain barrier of the Alzheimer's disease mice and generate fluorescent zinc oxide nanoclusters (ZnO NCs) through biosynthesis, and then the bio-synthesized ZnO NCs could readily accumulate in situ on the hippocampus specific region for the in vivo fluorescent labeling of the affected sites. This study provides a new way for the rapid diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and may have promising prospects in the effective diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanmei Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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Wang H, Hu YF, Hao JH, Chen YH, Wang Y, Zhu P, Zhang C, Xu YY, Tao FB, Xu DX. Maternal Serum Zinc Concentration during Pregnancy Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Preterm Birth in a Chinese Population. J Nutr 2016; 146:509-15. [PMID: 26817714 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.220632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence exists that maternal zinc status during pregnancy is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes including abortion, fetal growth restriction, and neural tube defects. However, it remains unclear whether maternal serum zinc concentration (SZC) during pregnancy is associated with risk of preterm birth. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the association between maternal SZC during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth. METHODS For this substudy of the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study, 3081 maternal-singleton pairs with detailed birth records and available serum samples were identified. The maternal SZC was determined with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. A total of 169 preterm births were identified. In this study, the women were divided into tertiles on the basis of their SZC: low (<76.7 μg/dL), medium (76.7-99.6 μg/dL), and high (≥99.7 μg/dL). The ORs for preterm birth were estimated by using multiple logistic regression models. RESULTS The median SZC was 87.3 μg/dL (range: 11.1-211 μg/dL). Incidences of preterm birth were 7.3% and 6.0% among subjects with low and medium SZCs, respectively, which were significantly higher than 3.1% among subjects with a high SZC [ORs (95% CIs) for low and medium SZCs: 2.45 (1.60, 3.74), P < 0.001, and 2.00 (1.29, 3.09), P < 0.01, respectively]. After adjustment for prepregnancy body mass index, maternal age, time of serum collection, gravidity, parity, and monthly income, adjusted ORs were 2.41 (95% CI: 1.57, 3.70; P < 0.001) and 1.97 (95% CI: 1.27, 3.05; P < 0.01) among subjects with low and medium maternal SZCs. CONCLUSIONS Maternal serum zinc concentration during pregnancy is inversely associated with risk of preterm birth in the Chinese population, and the results are driven by maternal SZC in the first trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | | | - Jia-Hu Hao
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Chen
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | | | - Peng Zhu
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xu
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- School of Public Health and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Global Mapping of Traditional Chinese Medicine into Bioactivity Space and Pathways Annotation Improves Mechanistic Understanding and Discovers Relationships between Therapeutic Action (Sub)classes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2106465. [PMID: 26989424 PMCID: PMC4775820 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2106465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) still needs more scientific rationale to be proven for it to be accepted further in the West. We are now in the position to propose computational hypotheses for the mode-of-actions (MOAs) of 45 TCM therapeutic action (sub)classes from in silico target prediction algorithms, whose target was later annotated with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway, and to discover the relationship between them by generating a hierarchical clustering. The results of 10,749 TCM compounds showed 183 enriched targets and 99 enriched pathways from Estimation Score ≤ 0 and ≥ 5% of compounds/targets in a (sub)class. The MOA of a (sub)class was established from supporting literature. Overall, the most frequent top three enriched targets/pathways were immune-related targets such as tyrosine-protein phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2) and digestive system such as mineral absorption. We found two major protein families, G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), and protein kinase family contributed to the diversity of the bioactivity space, while digestive system was consistently annotated pathway motif, which agreed with the important treatment principle of TCM, “the foundation of acquired constitution” that includes spleen and stomach. In short, the TCM (sub)classes, in many cases share similar targets/pathways despite having different indications.
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Ebaid H, Abdel-Salam B, Hassan I, Al-Tamimi J, Metwalli A, Alhazza I. Camel milk peptide improves wound healing in diabetic rats by orchestrating the redox status and immune response. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:132. [PMID: 26498022 PMCID: PMC4619484 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus alters oxidative stability and immune response. Here, we investigated the impact of a peptide extracted from camel milk (CMP) on the oxidative status, transcription factor kappa-B (NF-kB) and inflammatory cytokine in diabetic wounds. METHODS Rats were assigned into three groups: control, diabetic induced (DM) and diabetic induced with multiple doses of CMP for a week (DM-CMP). RESULTS DM showed a sharp decline in the activity of major antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) compared to the control. The DM-CMP group, however, showed a noticeable replenishment in the activity of these enzymes compared to the DM group. The CMP-treated group also showed a normal level of lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) compared to the DM rats. Furthermore, ELISA analysis of serum TNF-α protein showed an elevated level in diabetic rats in comparison to control serum. However, RT-PCR analysis of locally wounded skin tissues revealed that diabetes down-regulates the RNA expression of both TNF-α and MIF genes in comparison to the control samples but that CMP was found to restore RNA expression significantly. Although it was elevated in CMP-treated rats after one day of wound incision, the NF-kB protein level was significantly decreased seven days after the incision in comparison to the animals in the diabetic group. CONCLUSION CMP, therefore, can be seen an effective antioxidant and immune stimulant that induces oxidative stability and speeds up wound healing in diabetic model animals, making it a potential adjuvant in improving wound healing in those with diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
| | - Bahaa Abdel-Salam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt. .,Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Quwiaya, Riyadh, 11961, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Iftekhar Hassan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jameel Al-Tamimi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ali Metwalli
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Dairy, Faculty of Agriculture, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Alhazza
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Nafiu AB, Rahman MT. Selenium added unripe carica papaya pulp extracts enhance wound repair through TGF-β1 and VEGF-a signalling pathway. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:369. [PMID: 26471293 PMCID: PMC4608175 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0900-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased wound healing efficiency by Se(2+) added Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) fruit extract was linked to increased antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses during healing. We investigated the impact of Se(2+) or Zn(2+) added papaya water (WE) and phosphate-buffered saline (PE) extracts on cells recruitment and bio-molecular alterations on days 4 and 10 post wounding in an in vivo excision wound. METHODS Excision wounds were created on the dorsum of Sprague Dawley rats and treated topically twice/day with 20 μL of PE and WE (5 mg extract/mL), 0.5 μgSe(2+) added PE and WE (PES and WES), or 100 μMZn(2+) added PE and WE (PEZ and WEZ). Deionised water (negative) and Solcoseryl (positive) were applied on the control groups. Histochemical and biochemical assays were used to evaluate cellular and bio-molecular changes in the wound. RESULTS PES (PE + 0.5 μg Se(2+)) only increased significantly (p < 0.05) wound total protein content (95.14 ± 1.15 mg/g tissue vs positive control; 80.42 ± 0.86 mg/g tissue) on day 10 post wounding. PES increased significantly (p < 0.05) the number of fibroblasts/high power field (HPF) (75.60 ± 9.66) but decreased significantly (p < 0.05) the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes/HPF (59.20 ± 12.64) in the wound compared to positive control (50.60 ± 12.58 fibroblasts/HPF, 101.00 ± 27.99 polymorphonuclear leukocytes/HPF) on day 4. Similar results were recorded for WES. PES demonstrated increased neovascularization, TGF-β1 and VEGFA expressions at day 4 and increased collagen at day 10. CONCLUSION Papaya extract improved wound repair by increasing fibroblasts recruitment and reducing polymorphonuclear leukocytes infiltration through early transient expressions of TGF-β1 and VEGFA at the wound area. The processes were amplified with Se(2+) addition.
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Nafiu AB, Rahman MT. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of unripe papaya extract in an excision wound model. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:662-671. [PMID: 25431122 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.936470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) fruit was shown to exhibit wound healing properties. OBJECTIVES We investigated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of papaya fruit phosphate-buffered saline extract (PE) during wound healing and enhancement of the potentials due to trace ions addition. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat excision wounds were topically treated twice/day with 20 µL of PE (5 mg extract/mL), 0.5 µg Se(2+) added PE (PES), or 100 µM Zn(2+) added PE (PEZ). Control groups were treated with deionized water (negative) and deproteinized calf blood extract ointment (Solcoseryl®, positive). Lipid peroxidation (LPX), antioxidant, proinflammatory, and arginine metabolic enzymes were estimated in the wound excised on days 4 and 10 post wounding. RESULTS PE (5 mg/mL; 9.80 ± 0.33 d) and PES (PE + 0.5 µg Se(2+); 8.90 ± 0.23 d) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the average time for complete wound closure compared with the negative (13.00 ± 0.37 d) and positive (9.80 ± 0.33 d) controls, respectively. Biochemical evaluations of LPX product (malondialdehyde), antioxidant (catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), and pro-inflammatory (cyclooxygenase-2 and myeloperoxidase (MPO)) enzyme activities and metabolites (nitrite and urea), on days 4 and 10 post wounding, confirmed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of PE and PES in this study. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Treatment of excision wounds with papaya extract, especially with the addition of selenium for 10 d, reduced inflammation associated oxidative damage apparently via cyclooxygenase specific inhibition, arginine metabolism, and up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrazaq Bidemi Nafiu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria and
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of Piper cubeba extract in the amelioration of CCl4-induced liver injuries and oxidative damage in the rodent model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:359358. [PMID: 25654097 PMCID: PMC4310260 DOI: 10.1155/2015/359358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background. Liver diseases still represent a major health burden worldwide. Moreover, medicinal plants have gained popularity in the treatment of several diseases including liver. Thus, the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Piper cubeba fruits in the amelioration of CCl4-induced liver injuries and oxidative damage in the rodent model. Methods. Hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters like SGOT, SGPT, γ-GGT, ALP, total bilirubin, LDH, and total protein. Meanwhile, in vivo antioxidant activities as LPO, NP-SH, and CAT were measured in rat liver as well as mRNA expression of cytokines such as TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10 and stress related genes iNOS and HO-1 were determined by RT-PCR. The extent of liver damage was also analyzed through histopathological observations. Results. Treatment with PCEE significantly and dose dependently prevented drug induced increase in serum levels of hepatic enzymes. Furthermore, PCEE significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation in the liver tissue and restored activities of defense antioxidant enzymes NP-SH and CAT towards normal levels. The administration of PCEE significantly downregulated the CCl4-induced proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 mRNA expression in dose dependent manner, while it upregulated the IL-10 and induced hepatoprotective effect by downregulating mRNA expression of iNOS and HO-1 gene.
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Valacchi G, Grisci G, Sticozzi C, Lim Y, Paolino M, Giuliani G, Mendichi R, Belmonte G, Artusi R, Zanardi A, Garofalo P, Giorgi G, Cappelli A, Rovati L. Wound healing properties of hyaluronan derivatives bearing ferulate residues. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7037-7045. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00661a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The results obtained suggestHAFAgraft copolymers as possible future drugs for the therapeutic treatment of acute and chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Valacchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition
| | - Giorgio Grisci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie
- Chimica e Farmacia and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development
- Università degli Studi di Siena
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Claudia Sticozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Yoonsuk Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition
- Kyung Hee University
- Seoul 130-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Marco Paolino
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie
- Chimica e Farmacia and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development
- Università degli Studi di Siena
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Germano Giuliani
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie
- Chimica e Farmacia and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development
- Università degli Studi di Siena
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Raniero Mendichi
- Istituto per lo Studio delle Macromolecole (CNR)
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie
- Università degli Studi di Ferrara
- 44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gianluca Giorgi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie
- Chimica e Farmacia and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development
- Università degli Studi di Siena
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie
- Chimica e Farmacia and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development
- Università degli Studi di Siena
- 53100 Siena
- Italy
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Bonaventura P, Benedetti G, Albarède F, Miossec P. Zinc and its role in immunity and inflammation. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 14:277-85. [PMID: 25462582 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) nutritional importance has been known for a long time, but in the last decades its importance in immune modulation has arisen. This review aims at describing the mechanisms involved in the regulation of Zn homeostasis and their effects on the immune response focusing on those which are implicated in the physiopathology of rheumatoid arthritis. Zn functions as a modulator of the immune response through its availability, which is tightly regulated by several transporters and regulators. When this mechanism is disturbed, Zn availability is reduced, altering survival, proliferation and differentiation of the cells of different organs and systems and, in particular, cells of the immune system. Zn deficiency affects cells involved in both innate and adaptive immunity at the survival, proliferation and maturation levels. These cells include monocytes, polymorphonuclear-, natural killer-, T-, and B-cells. T cell functions and the balance between the different T helper cell subsets are particularly susceptible to changes in Zn status. While acute Zn deficiency causes a decrease in innate and adaptive immunity, chronic deficiency increases inflammation. During chronic deficiency, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines increases, influencing the outcome of a large number of inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bonaventura
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Unit and the Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, EA 4130 University of Lyon 1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Giulia Benedetti
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Unit and the Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, EA 4130 University of Lyon 1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Francis Albarède
- CNRS UMR 5276 "Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon", Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69634 Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Unit and the Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, EA 4130 University of Lyon 1, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France.
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El-Hamoly T, Hegedűs C, Lakatos P, Kovács K, Bai P, El-Ghazaly MA, El-Denshary ES, Szabó É, Virág L. Activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 delays wound healing by regulating keratinocyte migration and production of inflammatory mediators. Mol Med 2014; 20:363-71. [PMID: 25014793 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a protein modification reaction regulating various diverse cellular functions ranging from metabolism, DNA repair and transcription to cell death. We set out to investigate the role of PARylation in wound healing, a highly complex process involving various cellular and humoral factors. We found that topically applied poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP) inhibitors 3-aminobenzamide and PJ-34 accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of excision wounding. Moreover, wounds also closed faster in PARP-1 knockout mice as compared with wild-type littermates. Immunofluorescent staining for poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) indicated increased PAR synthesis in scattered cells of the wound bed. Expression of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinase-9 was lower in the wounds of PARP-1 knockout mice as compared with control, and expression of IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, TIMP-1 and -2 also were affected. The level of nitrotyrosine (a marker of nitrating stress) was lower in the wounds of PARP-1 knockout animals as compared with controls. In vitro scratch assays revealed significantly faster migration of keratinocytes treated with 3-aminobenzamide or PJ34 as compared with control cells. These data suggest that PARylation by PARP-1 slows down the wound healing process by increasing the production of inflammatory mediators and nitrating stress and by slowing the migration of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek El-Hamoly
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Csaba Hegedűs
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Petra Lakatos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Katalin Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mona A El-Ghazaly
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ezzeddin S El-Denshary
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Éva Szabó
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Virág
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
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Kaufman KL, Mann FA, Kim DY, Lee S, Yoon HY. Evaluation of the Effects of Topical Zinc Gluconate in Wound Healing. Vet Surg 2014; 43:972-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12243.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L. Kaufman
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery; University of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia Missouri
| | - F. A. Mann
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery; University of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia Missouri
| | - Dae Young Kim
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology; University of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia Missouri
| | - Suhwon Lee
- Department of Statistics; University of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia Missouri
| | - Hun-Young Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery; University of Missouri-Columbia; Columbia Missouri
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Folic acid and melatonin ameliorate carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2013; 10:20. [PMID: 23374533 PMCID: PMC3570377 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-10-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of melatonin and folic acid against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury in rats. Oxidative stress, liver function, liver histopathology and serum lipid levels were evaluated. The levels of protein kinase B (Akt1), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), programmed cell death-receptor (Fas) and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA expression were analyzed. CCl4 significantly elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, bilirubin and urea. In addition, CCl4 was found to significantly suppress the activity of both catalase and glutathione (GSH) and decrease the levels of serum total protein and HDL-cholesterol. All of these parameters were restored to their normal levels by treatment with melatonin, folic acid or their combination. An improvement of the general hepatic architecture was observed in rats that were treated with the combination of melatonin and folic acid along with CCl4. Furthermore, the CCl4-induced upregulation of TNF-α and Fas mRNA expression was significantly restored by the three treatments. Melatonin, folic acid or their combination also restored the baseline levels of IFN-γ and Akt1 mRNA expression. The combination of melatonin and folic acid exhibited ability to reduce the markers of liver injury induced by CCl4 and restore the oxidative stability, the level of inflammatory cytokines, the lipid profile and the cell survival Akt1 signals.
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Ebaid H, Al-Khalifa M, Isa AM, Gadoa S. Bioactivity of Samsum ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) venom against lipopolysaccharides through antioxidant and upregulation of Akt1 signaling in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11:93. [PMID: 22824368 PMCID: PMC3416678 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-11-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed at investigating the oxidative stress ameliorating effect, lipids profile restoration, and the anti-inflammatory effect of Samsum Ant Venom (SAV) in induced endotoxemic male rats, injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Results Results revealed that LPS significantly increased the oxidative stress indications in LPS-injected rats. A significant increase of both malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP), as well as a significant suppression of glutathione were all detected. Treatment with 100 μg/kg dose of SAV significantly restored the oxidative stress normal indications and increased the total glutathione levels. Treatment of the LPS-rats with 100 μg/kg dose of SAV showed a clear anti-inflammatory function; as the histological architecture of the hepatic tissue was partially recovered, along with a valuable decrease in the leukocytes infiltrated the hepatic tissues. Treatment of some rat groups with 600 μg/kg dose of SAV after LPS injection induced a severe endotoxemia that resulted in very high mortality rates. SAV versus the effects of LPS on AKT1, Fas, TNF-α and IFN-γ mRNA expression. SAV was found to significantly lower Fas gene expression comparing to the LPS group and restore the level of IFN-γ mRNA expression to that of the control group. Conclusion In conclusion, SAV, at the dose of 100 μg/kg body weight, maintained and restored the oxidative stability, the anti-inflammatory, and the hypolipidemic bioactivity in rats after induced disruption of these parameters by LPS injection. This improvement by SAV was mediated by upregulation of AKT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P,O,Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Ebaid H, Salem A, Sayed A, Metwalli A. Whey protein enhances normal inflammatory responses during cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:235. [PMID: 22168406 PMCID: PMC3254143 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prolonged wound healing is a complication of diabetes that contributes to mortality. Impaired wound healing occurs as a consequence of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Whey protein (WP) is able to reduce the oxygen radicals and increase the levels of the antioxidant glutathione. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation with WP could enhance normal inflammatory responses during wound healing in diabetic rats. Animals were assigned into a wounded control group (WN), a wounded diabetic group (WD) and a wounded diabetic group orally supplemented with whey protein (WDWP) at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. Results Whey protein was found to significantly decrease the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and ROS. A significant restoration of the glutathione level was observed in WDWP rats. During the early wound healing stage, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4 and neutrophil infiltration were significantly decreased in WD mice. WP supplementation was found to restore the levels of these inflammatory markers to the levels observed in control animals. In addition, the time required for wound healing was significantly prolonged in diabetic rats. WP was found to significantly decrease the time required for wound healing in WDWP rats. Conclusion In conclusion, dietary supplementation with WP enhances the normal inflammatory responses during wound healing in diabetic mice by restoring the levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Ebaid
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P,O, Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Abstract
Many nutrients are essential for life, and an adequate amount of nutrients in the diet is necessary for providing energy, building and maintaining body organs, and for various metabolic processes. The role of food in the induction of various skin disorders and skin diseases leading to nutritional deficiencies is well known. The photo-protective potential of antioxidants, the effects of micronutrient supplementation on the skin immune system, and the modulating effects of fatty acids on skin disorders are well documented. Skin diseases due to nutritional deficiencies, the dietary role in skin immunity and various skin diseases, and the role of antioxidants and other supplements in skin health have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Basavaraj
- Department of Dermatology, JSS Medical College, Mysore - 570 015, India
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Effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on early inflammatory responses during cutaneous wound healing. Mediators Inflamm 2010; 2010. [PMID: 20871865 PMCID: PMC2943105 DOI: 10.1155/2010/342328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory response is considered the most important period that regulates the entire healing process. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a class of linoleic acid positional and geometric isomers, is well known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that dietary CLA supplementation accelerates cutaneous wound healing by regulating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. To investigate wound closure rates and inflammatory responses, we used a full-thickness excisional wound model after 2-week treatments with control, 0.5%, or 1% CLA-supplemented diet. Mice fed dietary CLA supplementation had reduced levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Moreover, the wound closure rate was improved significantly in mice fed a 1% CLA-supplemented diet during early stage of wound healing (inflammatory stage). We conclude that dietary CLA supplementation enhances the early stage of cutaneous wound healing as a result of modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
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Nagata M, Lönnerdal B. Role of zinc in cellular zinc trafficking and mineralization in a murine osteoblast-like cell line. J Nutr Biochem 2010; 22:172-8. [PMID: 20378322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2009] [Revised: 12/31/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) supplementation stimulates bone growth in Zn-deficient humans and animals. A biphasic pattern of mineralization has been observed in cultured osteoblasts; an initiation phase and a progression phase. We used MC3T3-E1, a murine osteoblastic cell line, to elucidate the physiological role of Zn in osteoblast mineralization and cellular Zn trafficking during the mineralization event. Cells were cultured in media containing Chelex-treated fetal bovine serum and 1, 4, 10 and 20 μM Zn as ZnSO(4) for 14 days (early phase of mineralization) or 21 days (mid-to-late phase of mineralization). During the early phase of mineralization, Alizarin Red staining indicated that mineralization was increased by Zn in a dose-dependent manner. Although Zn exposure did not affect monolayer Zn concentration, metallothionein (MT) mRNA expression increased dose-dependently as assessed by real-time PCR. During the late phase of mineralization, mineralization was maximal at 1 μM Zn and monolayer Zn concentration reflected Zn exposure. The increase in MT mRNA expression during the late phase was similar to that during the early phase, but the difference in expression between culture Zn concentrations tended to be smaller. ZnT-2 mRNA expression decreased significantly with increasing zinc concentrations in the culture medium during the early phase, but increased significantly during the late phase. Osteocalcin mRNA levels were positively correlated to Zn exposure at both time points. Taken together, we propose that Zn may play an important role in osteoblast mineralization through Zn trafficking involving Zn storage proteins and Zn transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Nagata
- Nutrition Research Department, Food Science Institute, Meiji Dairies Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa 250-0862, Japan.
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Cummings JE, Kovacic JP. The ubiquitous role of zinc in health and disease. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2009; 19:215-40. [PMID: 19691507 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2009.00418.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review zinc physiology and pathophysiology and the importance of zinc toxicity and deficiency in veterinary patients. DATA SOURCES A review of human and veterinary medical literature. HUMAN DATA SYNTHESIS There is a significant amount of original research in humans and animals on the role of zinc in multiple organ systems. There is also significant data available on human patients with zinc abnormalities. VETERINARY DATA SYNTHESIS Zinc deficiency has been studied in dogs with genetic disease and dietary deficiency leading to dermatological disease and immune deficiency. Zinc toxicity has been described after ingestion of metallic foreign bodies containing zinc. CONCLUSIONS Historically, the role of zinc in health and disease has been studied through patients with toxicity or severe deficiency with obvious clinical signs. As the ubiquitous contribution of zinc to structure and function in biological systems was discovered, clinically significant but subtle deficiency states have been revealed. In human medicine, mild zinc deficiencies are currently thought to cause chronic metabolic derangement leading to or exacerbating immune deficiency, gastrointestinal problems, endocrine disorders, neurologic dysfunction, cancer, accelerated aging, degenerative disease, and more. Determining the causal relationships between mild zinc deficiency and concurrent disease is complicated by the lack of sensitive or specific tests for zinc deficiency. The prevalence of zinc deficiency and its contribution to disease in veterinary patients is not well known. Continued research is warranted to develop more sensitive and specific tests to assess zinc status, to determine which patients are at risk for deficiency, and to optimize supplementation in health and disease.
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Jin T, Sun D, Su J, Zhang H, Sue HJ. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Quantum Dots againstListeria monocytogenes, SalmonellaEnteritidis, andEscherichia coliO157:H7. J Food Sci 2009; 74:M46-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lansdown ABG, Mirastschijski U, Stubbs N, Scanlon E, Agren MS. Zinc in wound healing: theoretical, experimental, and clinical aspects. Wound Repair Regen 2007; 15:2-16. [PMID: 17244314 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2006.00179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element in the human body and its importance in health and disease is appreciated. It serves as a cofactor in numerous transcription factors and enzyme systems including zinc-dependent matrix metalloproteinases that augment autodebridement and keratinocyte migration during wound repair. Zinc confers resistance to epithelial apoptosis through cytoprotection against reactive oxygen species and bacterial toxins possibly through antioxidant activity of the cysteine-rich metallothioneins. Zinc deficiency of hereditary or dietary cause can lead to pathological changes and delayed wound healing. Oral zinc supplementation may be beneficial in treating zinc-deficient leg ulcer patients, but its therapeutic place in surgical patients needs further clarification. Topical administration of zinc appears to be superior to oral therapy due to its action in reducing superinfections and necrotic material via enhanced local defense systems and collagenolytic activity, and the sustained release of zinc ions that stimulates epithelialization of wounds in normozincemic individuals. Zinc oxide in paste bandages (Unna boot) protects and soothes inflamed peri-ulcer skin. Zinc is transported through the skin from these formulations, although the systemic effects seem insignificant. We present here the first comprehensive account of zinc in wound management in relation to current concepts of wound bed preparation and the wound-healing cascade. This review article suggests that topical zinc therapy is underappreciated even though clinical evidence emphasizes its importance in autodebridement, anti-infective action, and promotion of epithelialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan B G Lansdown
- Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Division of Investigative Sciences, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Salavert M, Franck F, Amarger S, Mansard S, Souteyrand P, D'Incan M. Dermatose pustuleuse érosive des jambes : rôle de la carence en zinc ? Ann Dermatol Venereol 2006; 133:975-8. [PMID: 17185927 DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(06)71081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erosive pustular dermatosis of the legs is a rare and recently described condition seen in elderly subjects. It is characterised by symmetric erosions of the legs resulting from a confluence of sterile pustules, usually following minor trauma. Treatment with dermal corticosteroids is rapidly effective but is not codified and relapse is common. CASE-REPORTS Three patients aged respectively 74, 84 and 92 years presented ulcers of the legs and ankles associated with peripheral pustules following minor injury. These pustules were sterile and exhibited a spongiform appearance on histological examination. None of these patients had a prior history of psoriasis. However, all presented zinc deficiency. Treatment with dermal corticosteroids combined with oral zinc gluconate resulted in complete resolution in two of the patients after several days of therapy and proved effective during relapse in the third patient. DISCUSSION Erosive pustular dermatosis of the legs is a benign dermatosis that is probably under-reported that should be included in the category of inflammatory neutrophilic dermatoses. The cases we present suggest a triggering or enhancing role of zinc deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salavert
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand
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Agren MS, Ostenfeld U, Kallehave F, Gong Y, Raffn K, Crawford ME, Kiss K, Friis-Møller A, Gluud C, Jorgensen LN. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial evaluating topical zinc oxide for acute open wounds following pilonidal disease excision. Wound Repair Regen 2006; 14:526-35. [PMID: 17014663 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial was to compare topical zinc oxide with placebo mesh on secondary healing pilonidal wounds. Sixty-four (53 men) consecutive patients, aged 17-60 years, were centrally randomized to either treatment with 3% zinc oxide (n = 33) or placebo (n = 31) by concealed allocation. Patients were followed with strict recording of beneficial and harmful effects including masked assessment of time to complete wound closure. Analysis was carried out on an intention-to-treat basis. Median healing times were 54 days (interquartile range 42-71 days) for the zinc and 62 days (55-82 days) for the placebo group (p = 0.32). Topical zinc oxide increased (p < 0.001) wound fluid zinc levels to 1,540 (1,035-2,265) microM and decreased (p < 0.05) the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus in wounds. Fewer zinc oxide (n = 3) than placebo-treated patients (n = 12) were prescribed postoperative antibiotics (p = 0.005). Serum-zinc levels increased (p < 0.001) postoperatively in both groups but did not differ significantly between the two groups on day 7. Zinc oxide was not associated with increased pain by the visual analog scale, cellular abnormalities by histopathological examination of wound biopsies, or other harmful effects. Larger clinical trials will be required to show definitive effects of topical zinc oxide on wound healing and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus S Agren
- Department of Surgery K, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Abstract
Although nutrition is an extrinsic factor regulating wound healing, nutritional supplementation for the modulation of wound healing remains experimental. Evidence on the efficacy of supplementation in animals and humans is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mandal
- Plastic Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK.
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Lim Y, Phung AD, Corbacho AM, Aung HH, Maioli E, Reznick AZ, Cross CE, Davis PA, Valacchi G. Modulation of cutaneous wound healing by ozone: Differences between young and aged mice. Toxicol Lett 2006; 160:127-34. [PMID: 16129572 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2005] [Revised: 06/23/2005] [Accepted: 06/23/2005] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous tissues are frequently exposed to prooxidative environments, including UV radiation and air pollutants. Among the latter, ozone (O(3)) is of particular concern because of its high and dominating presence in photochemical smog. It is well known that O(3) depletes small molecular weight antioxidants, oxidizes proteins, induces lipid peroxidation and activates cellular responses in various tissues. Using an in vivo model (SKH-1 hairless mice), the interaction between O(3) exposure (0.5ppmx6h/day) and age was examined in relation to cutaneous wound healing. Compared to younger (8 weeks) mice, older (18 months) mice exposed to O(3) (day 0 to day 9 after wounding) exhibited delayed wound closure, increased lipid peroxidation (measured as 4-HNE protein adducts) and protein oxidation (measured as carbonyls concentration) and decreased levels of P-IkappaBalpha and TGFbeta protein. These findings support the hypothesis that oxidant pollutant exposure and age interact so as to disrupt normal wound healing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsook Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, UC Davis, CA, USA
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Lim Y, Levy MA, Bray TM. Dietary supplementation of N-acetylcysteine enhances early inflammatory responses during cutaneous wound healing in protein malnourished mice. J Nutr Biochem 2005; 17:328-36. [PMID: 16214328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2005] [Revised: 07/09/2005] [Accepted: 08/09/2005] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged wound healing is a complication that contributes to the morbidity and mortality of protein malnutrition (PM). The molecular mechanisms that underlie impaired wound healing in PM may begin in the early inflammatory stage of the process. We hypothesized that the impaired wound healing observed in PM occurs as a consequence of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that impairs the wound healing process by depressing nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB) activation and the subsequent synthesis and release of proinflammatory cytokines that are critical mediators of the inflammatory response. In this study, we showed that the time to wound closure was significantly prolonged in PM mice. During the early wound healing in PM, inhibitory kappa B alpha (IkappaBalpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression and neutrophil infiltration were significantly decreased in PM mice. The role of excess ROS in PM was demonstrated by using transgenic mice with overexpression of copper zinc superoxide dismutase and with dietary supplementation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Both interventions improved the extent of wound closure in PM mice. Moreover, NAC supplementation in PM mice restored the expression of IkappaBalpha, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and infiltration of neutrophils to levels observed in control animals. These findings support the notion that wound healing defects in PM may result from dysregulation of ROS-mediated and NFkappaB-regulated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsook Lim
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Ward WE, Kim S, Chan D, Fonseca D. Serum equol, bone mineral density and biomechanical bone strength differ among four mouse strains. J Nutr Biochem 2005; 16:743-9. [PMID: 16098733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2005] [Revised: 04/03/2005] [Accepted: 04/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The extent of conversion of daidzein to its metabolite, equol, by intestinal microflora may be a critical step that determines if a diet rich in daidzein protects against the deterioration of bone after estrogen withdrawal. The objective was to determine the extent that daidzein is converted to equol. In addition, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) and strength of femurs and lumbar vertebrae (LV) in four mouse strains were measured. Mice were ovariectomized and fed control diet (AIN93G) with or without daidzein (200 mg daidzein/kg diet) for 3 weeks, after which serum, femurs and LV were collected. Serum daidzein and equol were elevated in all mice fed daidzein. Among mice fed daidzein, the CD-1 and Swiss-Webster (SW) mice had higher (P<.001) serum equol than C57BL/6 (C57) and C3H mice. Differences due to mouse strain were observed for all bone outcomes. C57 mice had lower femur BMC (P<.001), BMD (P<.001) and peak load at femur midpoint (P<.001) and neck (P<.001) than other mouse strains. C57 mice also had a lower femur midpoint yield load (P<.001) and resilience (P<.001) than C3H mice. C57 mice had a lower LV1-4 BMC (P<.001) and BMD (P<.001) compared with all mouse strains and peak load of LV3 was lower than CD-1 and SW mice. Differences in serum equol, BMD and bone strength properties should be considered when selecting a mouse strain for investigating whether dietary strategies that include isoflavones preserve bone tissue after ovariectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy E Ward
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nazarko
- Richmond and Twickenham Primary Care Trust, Teddington Memorial Hospital, Twickenham TW11 0JL
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Agren MS, Mirastschijski U. The release of zinc ions from and cytocompatibility of two zinc oxide dressings. J Wound Care 2004; 13:367-9. [PMID: 15517745 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2004.13.9.26705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE These in vitro studies examined the release of zinc ions from and the response of human dermal fibroblasts to two zinc oxide-medicated dressings: one with zinc oxide in an ointment base and one using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a hydrophilic polymer for the binding of zinc oxide particles. METHOD Zinc release from the dressings in buffered-saline (pH 7.4) was studied through a high-pore-density membrane (pore size, 0.40 microm) in a two-compartment model at 37 degrees C for three hours. Cytocompatibility of the dressings and 500 micromol/l of zinc ions was assessed using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay after exposure to monolayers of confluent normal human dermal fibroblasts to the dressing extracts for four hours. RESULTS The zinc release rate from PVP-bound zinc oxide was more than two-fold higher than from zinc oxide in the ointment. Extract of the zinc oxide ointment, containing 150 micromol/l solubilised zinc, elicited a cytotoxic reaction, while the zinc oxide-PVP extract, containing 410 micromol/l solubilised zinc, and 500 micromol/l zinc chloride were non-cytotoxic to the fibroblasts. CONCLUSION Zinc release in a simulated wound milieu appears to be inhibited when zinc oxide is incorporated in a lipophilic vehicle. It is hypothesised that the ointment vehicle induced cytotoxicity rather then the solubilised zinc oxide. DECLARATION OF INTEREST None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Agren
- Department of Surgery K, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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