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Sarad K, Jankowska U, Skupien-Rabian B, Babler A, Kramann R, Dulak J, Jaźwa-Kusior A. Senescence of endothelial cells promotes phenotypic changes in adventitial fibroblasts: possible implications for vascular aging. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05028-7. [PMID: 38743322 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Aging is the most important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Senescent cells release plethora of factors commonly known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which can modulate the normal function of the vascular wall. It is currently not well understood if and how endothelial cell senescence can affect adventitial niche. The aim of this study was to characterize oxidative stress-induced endothelial cells senescence and identify their paracrine effects on the primary cell type of the adventitia, the fibroblasts. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were treated with hydrogen peroxide to induce premature senescence. Mass spectrometry analysis identified several proteomic changes in senescent HAEC with top upregulated secretory protein growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15). Treatment of the human adventitial fibroblast cell line (hAdv cells) with conditioned medium (CM) from senescent HAEC resulted in alterations in the proteome of hAdv cells identified in mass spectrometry analysis. Majority of differentially expressed proteins in hAdv cells treated with CM from senescent HAEC were involved in the uptake and metabolism of lipoproteins, mitophagy and ferroptosis. We next analyzed if some of these changes and pathways might be regulated by GDF-15. We found that recombinant GDF-15 affected some ferroptosis-related factors (e.g. ferritin) and decreased oxidative stress in the analyzed adventitial fibroblast cell line, but it had no effect on erastin-induced cell death. Contrary, silencing of GDF-15 in hAdv cells was protective against this ferroptotic stimuli. Our findings can be of importance for potential therapeutic strategies targeting cell senescence or ferroptosis to alleviate vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sarad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa Str. 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Urszula Jankowska
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bozena Skupien-Rabian
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anne Babler
- Department for Renal and Hypertensive Diseases, Rheumatological and Immunological Diseases, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Department for Renal and Hypertensive Diseases, Rheumatological and Immunological Diseases, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa Str. 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jaźwa-Kusior
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa Str. 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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2
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Nelson N, Jigo R, Clark GJ. BRCA1 and NORE1A Form a Her2/Ras Regulated Tumor Suppressor Complex Modulating Senescence. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4133. [PMID: 37627161 PMCID: PMC10452424 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor with a complex mode of action. Hereditary mutations in BRCA1 predispose carriers to breast cancer, and spontaneous breast cancers often exhibit defects in BRCA1 expression. However, haploinsufficiency or suppression of BRCA1 expression leads to defects in DNA repair, which can induce DNA damage responses, leading to senescence. Activating mutation or overexpression of the Her2 oncoprotein are also frequent drivers of breast cancer. Yet, over-activation of Her2, working through the RAS oncoprotein, can also induce senescence. It is thought that additional defects in the p53 and Rb tumor suppressor machinery must occur in such tumors to allow an escape from senescence, thus permitting tumor development. Although BRCA1 mutant breast cancers are usually Her2 negative, a significant percentage of Her2 positive tumors also lose their expression of BRCA1. Such Her2+/BRCA1- tumors might be expected to have a particularly high senescence barrier to overcome. An important RAS senescence effector is the protein NORE1A, which can modulate both p53 and Rb. It is an essential senescence effector of the RAS oncoprotein, and it is often downregulated in breast tumors by promotor methylation. Here we show that NORE1A forms a Her2/RAS regulated, endogenous complex with BRCA1 at sites of replication fork arrest. Suppression of NORE1A blocks senescence induction caused by BRCA1 inactivation and Her2 activation. Thus, NORE1A forms a tumor suppressor complex with BRCA1. Its frequent epigenetic inactivation may facilitate the transformation of Her2+/BRCA1- mediated breast cancer by suppressing senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, US Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA
| | - Raphael Jigo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Geoffrey J. Clark
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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3
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Jaber S, Warnier M, Leers C, Vernier M, Goehrig D, Médard JJ, Vindrieux D, Ziegler DV, Bernard D. Targeting chemoresistant senescent pancreatic cancer cells improves conventional treatment efficacy. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:4. [PMID: 36739330 PMCID: PMC9899302 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00116-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers owing to its late diagnosis and of the strong resistance to available treatments. Despite a better understanding of the disease in the last two decades, no significant improvement in patient care has been made. Senescent cells are characterized by a stable proliferation arrest and some resistance to cell death. Increasing evidence suggests that multiple lines of antitumor therapy can induce a senescent-like phenotype in cancer cells, which may participate in treatment resistance. In this study, we describe that gemcitabine, a clinically-used drug against pancreatic cancer, induces a senescent-like phenotype in highly chemoresistant pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in xenografted tumors in vivo. The use of ABT-263, a well-described senolytic compound targeting Bcl2 anti-apoptotic proteins, killed pancreatic gemcitabine-treated senescent-like cancer cells in vitro. In vivo, the combination of gemcitabine and ABT-263 decreased tumor growth, whereas their individual administration had no effect. Together these data highlight the possibility of improving the efficacy of conventional chemotherapies against pancreatic cancer by eliminating senescent-like cancer cells through senolytic intervention. Further studies testing different senolytics or their combination with available treatments will be necessary to optimize preclinical data in mouse models before transferring these findings to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Jaber
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Warnier
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christopher Leers
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Mathieu Vernier
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ,Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Goehrig
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ,Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Médard
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ,Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David Vindrieux
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ,Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dorian V. Ziegler
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Bernard
- grid.25697.3f0000 0001 2172 4233Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ,Equipe Labellisée la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
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4
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Liu W, Cui Y, Zheng X, Yu K, Sun G. Application status and future prospects of the PDX model in lung cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1098581. [PMID: 37035154 PMCID: PMC10080030 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1098581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent, fatal, and highly heterogeneous diseases that, seriously threaten human health. Lung cancer is primarily caused by the aberrant expression of multiple genes in the cells. Lung cancer treatment options include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. In recent decades, significant progress has been made in developing therapeutic agents for lung cancer as well as a biomarker for its early diagnosis. Nonetheless, the alternative applications of traditional pre-clinical models (cell line models) for diagnosis and prognosis prediction are constrained by several factors, including the lack of microenvironment components necessary to affect cancer biology and drug response, and the differences between laboratory and clinical results. The leading reason is that substantial shifts accrued to cell biological behaviors, such as cell proliferative, metastatic, invasive, and gene expression capabilities of different cancer cells after decades of growing indefinitely in vitro. Moreover, the introduction of individualized treatment has prompted the development of appropriate experimental models. In recent years, preclinical research on lung cancer has primarily relied on the patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model. The PDX provides stable models with recapitulate characteristics of the parental tumor such as the histopathology and genetic blueprint. Additionally, PDXs offer valuable models for efficacy screening of new cancer drugs, thus, advancing the understanding of tumor biology. Concurrently, with the heightened interest in the PDX models, potential shortcomings have gradually emerged. This review summarizes the significant advantages of PDXs over the previous models, their benefits, potential future uses and interrogating open issues.
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Domen A, Deben C, Verswyvel J, Flieswasser T, Prenen H, Peeters M, Lardon F, Wouters A. Cellular senescence in cancer: clinical detection and prognostic implications. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:360. [PMID: 36575462 PMCID: PMC9793681 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable cell-cycle arrest with secretory features in response to cellular stress. Historically, it has been considered as an endogenous evolutionary homeostatic mechanism to eliminate damaged cells, including damaged cells which are at risk of malignant transformation, thereby protecting against cancer. However, accumulation of senescent cells can cause long-term detrimental effects, mainly through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and paradoxically contribute to age-related diseases including cancer. Besides its role as tumor suppressor, cellular senescence is increasingly being recognized as an in vivo response in cancer patients to various anticancer therapies. Its role in cancer is ambiguous and even controversial, and senescence has recently been promoted as an emerging hallmark of cancer because of its hallmark-promoting capabilities. In addition, the prognostic implications of cellular senescence have been underappreciated due to the challenging detection and sparse in and ex vivo evidence of cellular senescence in cancer patients, which is only now catching up. In this review, we highlight the approaches and current challenges of in and ex vivo detection of cellular senescence in cancer patients, and we discuss the prognostic implications of cellular senescence based on in and ex vivo evidence in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Domen
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium ,grid.411414.50000 0004 0626 3418Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Christophe Deben
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Jasper Verswyvel
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Tal Flieswasser
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Hans Prenen
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium ,grid.411414.50000 0004 0626 3418Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium ,grid.411414.50000 0004 0626 3418Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Filip Lardon
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - An Wouters
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
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6
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Cellular Senescence in Normal Mammary Gland and Breast Cancer. Implications for Cancer Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060994. [PMID: 35741756 PMCID: PMC9223240 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence (CS) is a major homeostatic biological process, which plays a key role in normal tissue development and provides protection from stressful cell insults. The role of CS in mammary-gland development and breast cancer is not well understood. While there is a lack of experimental data on the role of CS in the development of the pre-pubertal mammary gland, there is evidence for a biphasic senescence response in adult normal-mammary-epithelial cells, where the bypass of the first senescence barrier (M0) seems to be a key step in the development of premalignant lesions, with genetic abnormalities that resemble in situ breast carcinoma. Further, there is accumulating evidence for the role of cellular senescence in breast-cancer response, regarding treatment and patient outcome. Here, we review the current literature on cellular senescence, in epithelial-mammary cells, breast-cancer cells, and breast-tumor-microenvironment-resident cells. Furthermore, we discuss its putative role in breast-cancer response, regarding treatment and disease progression. In addition, we provide preliminary evidence of CS in breast-cancer-microenvironment cells, such as tumor-associated fibroblasts and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, by employing the novel GL13 lipofuscin stain, as a marker of cellular senescence.
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7
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Mishra A, Hourigan D, Lindsay AJ. Inhibition of the endosomal recycling pathway downregulates HER2 activation and overcomes resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 529:153-167. [PMID: 35007696 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of HER2-targeted therapies has led to a dramatic improvement in outcomes for breast cancer patients. However, nearly all patients with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer will eventually progress on these therapies due to innate or acquired resistance. Recent evidence suggests that the endosomal recycling of HER2 plays an important role in regulating its oncogenic signalling. Here we report that the expression of Rab coupling protein (RCP), a key regulator of endosomal recycling, positively correlates with that of HER2 and HER3 in breast tumours, and high RCP expression is predictive of poor relapse-free and overall survival in patients with HER2-amplified breast cancer. Chemical and genetic inhibition of endosomal recycling leads to a reduction in the total cellular levels of HER2 and HER3 and inhibits the activation of their downstream signalling pathways. We find that HER2 and HER3 that have been internalised from the plasma membrane are diverted to lysosomes for degradation when endosomal recycling is blocked. Primaquine (PQ), a small molecule inhibitor of the endosomal recycling pathway, synergises with HER2-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors and overcomes innate and acquired resistance to these TKIs. Moreover, TKI-induced drug tolerant persister cells are vulnerable to endosomal recycling inhibitors. These findings suggest that inhibition of endosomal recycling represents a promising therapeutic strategy for treating drug resistant HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mishra
- Membrane Trafficking and Disease Laboratory, School of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - David Hourigan
- Membrane Trafficking and Disease Laboratory, School of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland
| | - Andrew J Lindsay
- Membrane Trafficking and Disease Laboratory, School of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YT20, Ireland.
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Kabakov AE, Gabai VL. HSP70s in Breast Cancer: Promoters of Tumorigenesis and Potential Targets/Tools for Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123446. [PMID: 34943954 PMCID: PMC8700403 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The high frequency of breast cancer worldwide and the high mortality among women with this malignancy are a serious challenge for modern medicine. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and emergence of metastatic, therapy-resistant breast cancers would help development of novel approaches to better treatment of this disease. The review is dedicated to the role of members of the heat shock protein 70 subfamily (HSP70s or HSPA), mainly inducible HSP70, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78 or HSPA5) and GRP75 (HSPA9 or mortalin), in the development and pathogenesis of breast cancer. Various HSP70-mediated cellular mechanisms and pathways which contribute to the oncogenic transformation of mammary gland epithelium are reviewed, as well as their role in the development of human breast carcinomas with invasive, metastatic traits along with the resistance to host immunity and conventional therapeutics. Additionally, intracellular and cell surface HSP70s are considered as potential targets for therapy or sensitization of breast cancer. We also discuss a clinical implication of Hsp70s and approaches to targeting breast cancer with gene vectors or nanoparticles downregulating HSP70s, natural or synthetic (small molecule) inhibitors of HSP70s, HSP70-binding antibodies, HSP70-derived peptides, and HSP70-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Kabakov
- Department of Radiation Biochemistry, A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Koroleva 4, 249036 Obninsk, Russia;
| | - Vladimir L. Gabai
- CureLab Oncology Inc., Dedham, MA 02026, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-319-7314
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9
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Yang J, Liu M, Hong D, Zeng M, Zhang X. The Paradoxical Role of Cellular Senescence in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722205. [PMID: 34458273 PMCID: PMC8388842 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence occurs in proliferating cells as a consequence of various triggers including telomere shortening, DNA damage, and inappropriate expression of oncogenes. The senescent state is accompanied by failure to reenter the cell cycle under mitotic stimulation, resistance to cell death and enhanced secretory phenotype. A growing number of studies have convincingly demonstrated a paradoxical role for spontaneous senescence and therapy-induced senescence (TIS), that senescence may involve both cancer prevention and cancer aggressiveness. Cellular senescence was initially described as a physiological suppressor mechanism of tumor cells, because cancer development requires cell proliferation. However, there is growing evidence that senescent cells may contribute to oncogenesis, partly in a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)-dependent manner. On the one hand, SASP prevents cell division and promotes immune clearance of damaged cells, thereby avoiding tumor development. On the other hand, SASP contributes to tumor progression and relapse through creating an immunosuppressive environment. In this review, we performed a review to summarize both bright and dark sides of senescence in cancer, and the strategies to handle senescence in cancer therapy were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongchun Hong
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Musheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Cancer Response to Therapy-Induced Senescence: A Matter of Dose and Timing. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030484. [PMID: 33513872 PMCID: PMC7865402 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cellular senescence consists of a permanent block of cell proliferation in the presence of an active metabolism. It is a physiological process occurring when cells exhaust their proliferative potential, as signaled by critical telomere erosion. Additionally, cell senescence might be triggered as a response to different stresses: DNA damage, oxidative stress and oncogenic activation. Whatever the senescence-inducing stress is, a peculiarity of senescent cells is the production of an altered secretome, the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which profoundly affects the cellular microenvironment. Cancer therapy, either ionizing radiations or chemotherapy, induces cellular senescence, the so-called therapy-induced senescence (TIS). The issue of whether TIS is a pro- or anti-tumorigenic process is a current and open question. Abstract Cellular senescence participates to fundamental processes like tissue remodeling in embryo development, wound healing and inhibition of preneoplastic cell growth. Most senescent cells display common hallmarks, among which the most characteristic is a permanent (or long lasting) arrest of cell division. However, upon senescence, different cell types acquire distinct phenotypes, which also depend on the specific inducing stimuli. Senescent cells are metabolically active and secrete a collection of growth factors, cytokines, proteases, and matrix-remodeling proteins collectively defined as senescence-associated secretory phenotype, SASP. Through SASP, senescent cells modify their microenvironment and engage in a dynamic dialog with neighbor cells. Senescence of neoplastic cells, at least temporarily, reduces tumor expansion, but SASP of senescent cancer cells as well as SASP of senescent stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment may promote the growth of more aggressive cancer subclones. Here, we will review recent data on the mechanisms and the consequences of cancer-therapy induced senescence, enlightening the potentiality and the risk of senescence inducing treatments.
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11
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Karahan I, Yalçin S. Is C-Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio of Advanced-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Able to Predict Mortality in the Admission for Palliative Care? Indian J Palliat Care 2020; 26:365-368. [PMID: 33311881 PMCID: PMC7725176 DOI: 10.4103/ijpc.ijpc_218_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Lung cancer is frequent and mortal cancer. The predicting mortality may be helpful for cancer management. Aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of baseline C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) in relation to hospital mortality, the setting of advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: The present study is a retrospective analysis and included 77 adult patients with Stage IV NSCLC who were hospitalized for supportive care. All patients are divided into two groups as survivors and nonsurvivors. CAR on the admission was compared between groups. The correlation between CAR and the death time was investigated. The cutoff level of CAR was calculated, and patients with a high level were described in two groups. Results: For all participants, the mean age was 63.0 ± 9.9 years, and the median values of CRP and albumin levels were 15.3 mg/dl (1–51.5) and 5.7 g/dl (0.02–22.7), respectively. CAR was significantly lower in the survivor group. By receiver operation curve analysis, the cutoff levels of CRP and CAR were determined as 10.8 and 3.5, respectively. The odds ratio of mortality was 3.85 (1.49–9.94 95% confidence interval [CI], P = 0.006) for higher than cutoff levels of CAR. The odds ratio was 3.38 (1.32–8.65 95% CI, P = 0.01) for higher CRP levels. There was a significant but weak negative correlation between the time of death and both CRP and CAR in the nonsurvivor group (r = −0.46, P = 0.002; r = −0.48, P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The present study showed that CAR was significantly increased in nonsurvivors. CAR may be a cheap, easy, and effective tool for predicting the death and its time of hospitalized NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Karahan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Selim Yalçin
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
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12
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Hu Q, Peng J, Jiang L, Li W, Su Q, Zhang J, Li H, Song M, Cheng B, Xia J, Wu T. Metformin as a senostatic drug enhances the anticancer efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:925. [PMID: 33116117 PMCID: PMC7595194 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CDK4/6 inhibitors show promising antitumor activity in a variety of solid tumors; however, their role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) requires further investigation. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors has dual effects on cancer treatment. The need to address the SASP is a serious challenge in the clinical application of CDK4/6 inhibitors. We investigated whether metformin can act as a senostatic drug to modulate the SASP and enhance the anticancer efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors in HNSCC. In this study, the efficacy of a combination of the CDK4/6 inhibitor LY2835219 and metformin in HNSCC was investigated in in vitro assays, an HSC6 xenograft model, and a patient-derived xenograft model. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining, antibody array, sphere-forming assay, and in vivo tumorigenesis assay were used to detect the impacts of metformin on the senescence and SASP induced by LY2835219. We found that LY2835219 combined with metformin synergistically inhibited HNSCC by inducing cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo. Metformin significantly modulated the profiles of the SASP elicited by LY2835219 by inhibiting the mTOR and stat3 pathways. The LY2835219-induced SASP resulted in upregulation of cancer stemness, while this phenomenon can be attenuated when combined with metformin. Furthermore, results showed that the stemness inhibition by metformin was associated with blockade of the IL6-stat3 axis. Survival analysis demonstrated that overexpression of IL6 and stemness markers was associated with poor survival in HNSCC patients, indicating that including metformin to target these proteins might improve patient prognosis. Collectively, our data suggest that metformin can act as a senostatic drug to enhance the anticancer efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors by reprogramming the profiles of the SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinchao Hu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Peng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laibo Jiang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuguo Li
- Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Su
- Animal Experiment Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Intensive Care Unit, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat‑sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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De Martino M, Tkach M, Bruni S, Rocha D, Mercogliano MF, Cenciarini ME, Chervo MF, Proietti CJ, Dingli F, Loew D, Fernández EA, Elizalde PV, Piaggio E, Schillaci R. Blockade of Stat3 oncogene addiction induces cellular senescence and reveals a cell-nonautonomous activity suitable for cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1715767. [PMID: 32064174 PMCID: PMC6996562 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1715767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stat3 is constitutively activated in several tumor types and plays an essential role in maintaining their malignant phenotype and immunosupression. To take advantage of the promising antitumor activity of Stat3 targeting, it is vital to understand the mechanism by which Stat3 regulates both cell autonomous and non-autonomous processes. Here, we demonstrated that turning off Stat3 constitutive activation in different cancer cell types induces senescence, thus revealing their Stat3 addiction. Taking advantage of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) induced by Stat3 silencing (SASP-siStat3), we designed an immunotherapy. The administration of SASP-siStat3 immunotherapy induced a strong inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer and melanoma growth associated with activation of CD4 + T and NK cells. Combining this immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibody resulted in survival improvement in mice bearing melanoma. The characterization of the SASP components revealed that type I IFN-related mediators, triggered by the activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase DNA sensing pathway, are important for its immunosurveillance activity. Overall, our findings provided evidence that administration of SASP-siStat3 or low dose of Stat3-blocking agents would benefit patients with Stat3-addicted tumors to unleash an antitumor immune response and to improve the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara De Martino
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Sofía Bruni
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Darío Rocha
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas Y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María F Mercogliano
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mauro E Cenciarini
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María F Chervo
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia J Proietti
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Elmer A Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas Y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIDIE), Universidad Católica De Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Patricia V Elizalde
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Roxana Schillaci
- Laboratory of Molecular Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología Y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Rhinn M, Ritschka B, Keyes WM. Cellular senescence in development, regeneration and disease. Development 2019; 146:146/20/dev151837. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.151837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Cellular senescence is a state comprising an essentially irreversible proliferative arrest combined with phenotypic changes and pronounced secretory activity. Although senescence has long been linked with aging, recent studies have uncovered functional roles for senescence in embryonic development, regeneration and reprogramming, and have helped to advance our understanding of this process as a highly coordinated and programmed cellular state. In this Primer article, we summarize some of the key findings in the field and attempt to explain them in a simple model that reconciles the normal and pathological roles for senescence. We discuss how a primary role of cellular senescence is to contribute to normal development, cell plasticity and tissue repair, as a dynamic and tightly regulated cellular program. However, when this process is perturbed, the beneficial effects turn detrimental and can contribute to disease and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Rhinn
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Illkirch, France UMR7104
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Illkirch, France U1258
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Birgit Ritschka
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Illkirch, France UMR7104
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Illkirch, France U1258
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - William M. Keyes
- Department of Development and Stem Cells, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), 1 Rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Illkirch, France UMR7104
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Illkirch, France U1258
- Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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15
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Li H, Shao F, Qian B, Sun Y, Huang Z, Ding Z, Dong L, Chen J, Zhang J, Zang Y. Upregulation of HER2 in tubular epithelial cell drives fibroblast activation and renal fibrosis. Kidney Int 2019; 96:674-688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Reduced Basal Nitric Oxide Production Induces Precancerous Mammary Lesions via ERBB2 and TGFβ. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6688. [PMID: 31040372 PMCID: PMC6491486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One third of newly diagnosed breast cancers in the US are early-stage lesions. The etiological understanding and treatment of these lesions have become major clinical challenges. Because breast cancer risk factors are often linked to aberrant nitric oxide (NO) production, we hypothesized that abnormal NO levels might contribute to the formation of early-stage breast lesions. We recently reported that the basal level of NO in the normal breast epithelia plays crucial roles in tissue homeostasis, whereas its reduction contributes to the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. Here, we show that the basal level of NO in breast cells plummets during cancer progression due to reduction of the NO synthase cofactor, BH4, under oxidative stress. Importantly, pharmacological deprivation of NO in prepubertal to pubertal animals stiffens the extracellular matrix and induces precancerous lesions in the mammary tissues. These lesions overexpress a fibrogenic cytokine, TGFβ, and an oncogene, ERBB2, accompanied by the occurrence of senescence and stem cell-like phenotype. Consistently, normalization of NO levels in precancerous and cancerous breast cells downmodulates TGFβ and ERBB2 and ameliorates their proliferative phenotype. This study sheds new light on the etiological basis of precancerous breast lesions and their potential prevention by manipulating the basal NO level.
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17
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Abstract
When ageing, cells profoundly reprogram to enter a state called senescence. Although the link between senescence and cancer is well established, the nature of this link remains unclear and debated. We will describe in this article the properties of senescent cells and make clear on how they could promote or oppose to cancer initiation and progression. We will also consider senescence as a response to classical anti-cancer therapies and discuss how to take advantage of senescence to improve the efficacy of these therapies while decreasing their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Goy
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T -mécanismes de tumorigenèse et thérapies ciblées, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Corinne Abbadie
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161 - M3T -mécanismes de tumorigenèse et thérapies ciblées, F-59000 Lille, France
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18
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Morancho B, Zacarías-Fluck M, Esgueva A, Bernadó-Morales C, Di Cosimo S, Prat A, Cortés J, Arribas J, Rubio IT. Modeling anti-IL-6 therapy using breast cancer patient-derived xenografts. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67956-67965. [PMID: 27602583 PMCID: PMC5356531 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic cytokine IL-6 accelerates the progression of breast cancer in a variety of preclinical models through the activation of the STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway. However, the proportion of breast cancers sensitive to anti-IL-6 therapies is not known. This study evaluates the efficacy of anti-IL-6 therapies using breast cancer patient derived xenografts (PDXs). During the generation of our collection of PDXs, we showed that the successful engraftment of tumor tissue in immunodeficient mice correlates with bad prognosis. Four PDXs out of six were resistant to anti-IL-6 therapies and the expression of IL-6, its receptor or the levels of phospho-STAT3 (the active form of the signal transducer) did not correlate with sensitivity. Using cell cultures established from the PDXs as well as samples from in vivo treatments, we showed that only tumors in which the activation of STAT3 depends on IL-6 respond to the blocking antibodies. Our results indicate that only a fraction of breast tumors are responsive to anti-IL-6 therapies. In order to identify responsive tumors, a functional assay to determine the dependence of STAT3 activation on IL-6 should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Morancho
- Preclinical and Clinical Research Programs, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano Zacarías-Fluck
- Preclinical and Clinical Research Programs, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Esgueva
- Breast Surgical Unit, Breast Cancer Center, Hospital Universitario Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Bernadó-Morales
- Preclinical and Clinical Research Programs, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Division of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Aleix Prat
- Preclinical and Clinical Research Programs, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Cortés
- Preclinical and Clinical Research Programs, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical and Clinical Research Programs, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel T Rubio
- Breast Surgical Unit, Breast Cancer Center, Hospital Universitario Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Abstract
The ARF and INK4a genes are located in the same CDKN2a locus, both showing its tumor suppressive activity. ARF has been shown to detect potentially harmful oncogenic signals, making incipient cancer cells undergo senescence or apoptosis. INK4a, on the other hand, responds to signals from aging in a variety of tissues including islets of Langerhans, neuronal cells, and cancer stem cells in general. It also detects oncogenic signals from incipient cancer cells to induce them senescent to prevent neoplastic transformation. Both of these genes are inactivated by gene deletion, promoter methylation, frame shift, and aberrant splicing although mutations changing the amino acid sequences affect only the latter. Recent studies indicated that polycomb gene products EZH2 and BMI1 repressed p16INK4a expression in primary cells, but not in cells deficient for pRB protein function. It was also reported that that p14ARF inhibits the stability of the p16INK4a protein in human cancer cell lines and mouse embryonic fibroblasts through its interaction with regenerating islet-derived protein 3γ. Overexpression of INK4a is associated with better prognosis of cancer when it is associated with human papilloma virus infection. However, it has a worse prognostic value in other tumors since it is an indicator of pRB loss. The p16INK4a tumor suppressive protein can thus be used as a biomarker to detect early stage cancer cells as well as advanced tumor cells with pRB inactivation since it is not expressed in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Inoue
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
| | - Elizabeth A Fry
- The Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
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20
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Anti-TNF-α treatment modulates SASP and SASP-related microRNAs in endothelial cells and in circulating angiogenic cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:11945-58. [PMID: 26943583 PMCID: PMC4914260 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell senescence is characterized by acquisition of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), able to promote inflammaging and cancer progression. Emerging evidence suggest that preventing SASP development could help to slow the rate of aging and the progression of age-related diseases, including cancer. Aim of this study was to evaluate whether and how adalimumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a major SASP component, can prevent the SASP. A three-pronged approach has been adopted to assess the if adalimumab is able to: i) modulate a panel of classic and novel senescence- and SASP-associated markers (interleukin [IL]-6, senescence associated-β-galactosidase, p16/Ink4a, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, miR-146a-5p/Irak1 and miR-126-3p/Spred1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs); ii) reduce the paracrine effects of senescent HUVECs' secretome on MCF-7 breast cancer cells, through wound healing and mammosphere assay; and iii) exert significant decrease of miR-146a-5p and increase of miR-126-3p in circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) from psoriasis patients receiving adalimumab in monotherapy.TNF-α blockade associated with adalimumab induced significant reduction in released IL-6 and significant increase in eNOS and miR-126-3p expression levels in long-term HUVEC cultures.A significant reduction in miR-146a-5p expression levels both in long-term HUVEC cultures and in CACs isolated from psoriasis patients was also evident. Interestingly, conditioned medium from senescent HUVECs treated with adalimumab was less consistent than medium from untreated cells in inducing migration- and mammosphere- promoting effects on MCF-7 cells.Our findings suggest that adalimumab can induce epigenetic modifications in cells undergoing senescence, thus contributing to the attenuation of SASP tumor-promoting effects.
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21
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Lee CS, Baek J, Han SY. The Role of Kinase Modulators in Cellular Senescence for Use in Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091411. [PMID: 28841181 PMCID: PMC6151769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, more than 30 small molecules and eight monoclonal antibodies that modulate kinase signaling have been approved for the treatment of several pathological conditions, including cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Among them, kinase modulators have been a primary focus for use in cancer treatment. Cellular senescence is believed to protect cells from tumorigenesis by irreversibly halting cell cycle progression and avoiding the growth of damaged cells and tissues. Senescence can also contribute to tumor suppression and be utilized as a mechanism by anti-cancer agents. Although the role of kinase modulators in cancer treatment and their effects on senescence in tumor development have been extensively studied, the relationship between kinase modulators for cancer treatment and senescence has not been fully discussed. In this review, we discuss the pro- and anti-tumorigenesis functions of senescence and summarize the key roles of kinase modulators in the regulation of senescence against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sup Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea.
| | - Juhwa Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea.
| | - Sun-Young Han
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Korea.
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22
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Hsiao YC, Chu LJ, Chen JT, Yeh TS, Yu JS. Proteomic profiling of the cancer cell secretome: informing clinical research. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:737-756. [PMID: 28695748 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1353913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer represents one of the major causes of human deaths. Identification of proteins as biomarkers for early detection of cancer and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment are important issues in precision medicine. Secretome of cancer cells represents the collection of proteins secreted or shed from cancer cells. Proteomic profiling of the cancer cell secretome has been proven to be a convenient and efficient way to discover cancer biomarker and/or therapeutic targets. Areas covered: There have been numerous reviews describing the history and application of secretome analysis in cancer biomarker/therapeutic target research. The present review focuses on the technological advancement for profiling low-molecular-mass proteins in secretome, the latest information regarding the new candidate biomarkers and molecular mechanisms discovered on the basis of cancer cell secretome analysis, as well as the previously discovered candidate biomarkers that enter into clinical trials. Expert commentary: Current technologies for protein sample preparation/separation and MS-based protein identification have allowed in-depth analysis of cancer cell secretome. Future efforts should focus on the comprehensiveness of cancer cell secretome, meta-analysis of different secretome datasets and integrated analysis via combining other omics datasets, as well as the incorporation of MS-based biomarker verification pipeline into both preclinical studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chin Hsiao
- a Molecular Medicine Research Center , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,b Liver Research Center , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Lichieh Julie Chu
- a Molecular Medicine Research Center , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,b Liver Research Center , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Ting Chen
- c Department of Surgery , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- c Department of Surgery , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- a Molecular Medicine Research Center , Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,b Liver Research Center , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,d Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan
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23
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Kawaguchi T, Foster BA, Young J, Takabe K. Current Update of Patient-Derived Xenograft Model for Translational Breast Cancer Research. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2017; 22:131-139. [PMID: 28451789 PMCID: PMC5511343 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-017-9378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the treatment of patients with breast cancer (BrCa), BrCa remains the third leading cause of cancer death for women in the US due to intrinsic or acquired resistance to therapy. Continued understanding of gene expression profiling and genomic sequencing has clarified underlying intratumoral molecular heterogeneity. Recently, the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models have emerged as a novel tool to address the issues of BrCa genomics and tumor heterogeneity, and to critically transform translational BrCa research in the preclinical setting. PDX models are generated by xenografting cancer tissue fragments obtained from patients to immune deficient mice, and can be passaged into next generations of mice. Generally, in contrast to conventional xenograft using cancer cell lines, PDXs are biologically more stable and recapitulate the individual tumor morphology, gene expression, and drug susceptibility of each patient. PDX may better model the original patient's tumor by retaining tumor heterogeneity, gene expression, and similar response to treatment. PDX models are thus thought to be more translationally relevant, especially as a drug development tool, because PDXs can capture the genetic character and heterogeneity that exists within a single patient's tumor and across a population of patients' tumors. PDX models also hold enormous potential for identifying predictive markers for therapeutic response. It has been repeatedly shown that PDX models demonstrate similar levels of activity as compared to the clinical response to therapeutic interventions. Therefore, this enables identification of therapeutic interventions that can most likely benefit a patient. This allows us to address the issues of BrCa genomics and tumor heterogeneity using PDXs in "pre-clinical" trials. Herein, we reviewed recent scientific development and future perspectives using PDX models in BrCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Kawaguchi
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Barbara A Foster
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cancer Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Jessica Young
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, 100 High Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
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24
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Ortiz-Montero P, Londoño-Vallejo A, Vernot JP. Senescence-associated IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines induce a self- and cross-reinforced senescence/inflammatory milieu strengthening tumorigenic capabilities in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Cell Commun Signal 2017; 15:17. [PMID: 28472950 PMCID: PMC5418812 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-017-0172-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is compelling evidence associating senescent cells with the malignant progression of tumours. Of all senescence-related mechanisms, the so-called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has attracted much attention. Since the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 are consistently present in the SASP, and secreted by highly aggressive breast cancer cell lines, we aimed at elucidating their role on the less aggressive breast cancer cell line MCF-7, which does not secret these cytokines. Methods The MCF-7 cell line was treated with either senescence-conditioned medium (SCM), IL-6 or IL-8 and then evaluated for phenotypic (CD44 and CD24 by FACS) and functional changes associated with an EMT program (migration/invasion) and for the acquisition of stem cell properties: mammosphere-forming capacity, expression of reprogramming factors (by qRT-PCR) and multilineage differentiation potential. We also evaluated the role of IL6 and IL8 in the cytokine-secreting, highly tumorigenic cell line MDA-MB-231. Results Our results show that treatment of MCF-7 cells with IL6 and IL8, alone or together, induced the appearance of cells with fibroblastoid morphology, increased CD44 expression and migration, self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacity, all characteristics compatible with an EMT program and stemness. These changes closely resembled those induced by a SCM. Interestingly, SCM treatments further increased IL6 and IL8 secretion by MCF-7 cells, thus suggesting the participation of an autocrine loop. Indeed, neutralizing antibodies against IL6 and IL8 reversed the effects of SCM on MCF-7, pinpointing these cytokines as major mediators of EMT and stemness-related effects associated with the senescent microenvironment. Additionally, prolonged exposure of MCF cells to IL6 or IL8 induced the appearance of senescent cells, suggesting a mechanism by which senescence and inflammation are reinforced favouring the acquisition of EMT and stem-like features at the population level, thus increasing tumour aggressiveness. Strikingly, our results also show that both IL6 and IL8 are important to maintain aggressive traits in MDA-MB-231 cells, a highly tumorigenic cell line, which appears to be devoid of stemness-related features. Conclusions This study demonstrates that, similar to what is observed with a senescent microenvironment, purified IL6 and IL8 induce a self- and cross-reinforced senescence/inflammatory milieu responsible for the emergence of epithelial plasticity and stemness features, thus conferring more aggressive phenotypes to a luminal breast cancer cell line. On the other hand, the basal-like MDA-MB-231 cells, whose aggressiveness-related features depend on IL6 and IL8 secretion, almost completely lack mammosphere formation and differentiation capacities, suggesting that tumour aggressiveness is not always related to stemness. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12964-017-0172-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ortiz-Montero
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., 111311, Colombia
| | - Arturo Londoño-Vallejo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR3244, Telomeres & Cancer lab, 75005, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR3244, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Vernot
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., 111311, Colombia.
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Koh YW, Lee HW. Prognostic impact of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio on the overall survival of patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancers receiving palliative chemotherapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6848. [PMID: 28489774 PMCID: PMC5428608 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that the C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with various carcinomas. However, no studies have explored the association between the ratio of CRP/Alb and clinical outcome of inoperable patients with nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). We examined the prognostic impact of CRP/Alb ratio on 165 stage IV NSCLC receiving palliative chemotherapy. The optimal cutoff level of CRP/Alb ratio was set at 0.195. The median follow-up time was 9 months (range, 1-74 months). On univariate analysis, high CRP/Alb ratio (≥0.195) was correlated (P < .001) with poorer overall survival (OS). Subgroup analysis of adenocarcinoma showed that CRP/Alb ratio was significantly (P < .001) associated with OS. Multivariate analysis showed that CRP/Alb ratio was an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio: 2.227, P = .001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the CRP/Alb ratio had a significant (P = .001) prognostic impact on adenocarcinoma patients receiving platinum chemotherapy. Elevated CRP/Alb ratio was significantly associated with male gender (P = .002) and smoking history (P = .009). The results of this study suggest that the CRP/Alb ratio might be used as a simple, inexpensive, and independent prognostic factor for OS of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinomas receiving platinum chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyun W. Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Byrne AT, Alférez DG, Amant F, Annibali D, Arribas J, Biankin AV, Bruna A, Budinská E, Caldas C, Chang DK, Clarke RB, Clevers H, Coukos G, Dangles-Marie V, Eckhardt SG, Gonzalez-Suarez E, Hermans E, Hidalgo M, Jarzabek MA, de Jong S, Jonkers J, Kemper K, Lanfrancone L, Mælandsmo GM, Marangoni E, Marine JC, Medico E, Norum JH, Palmer HG, Peeper DS, Pelicci PG, Piris-Gimenez A, Roman-Roman S, Rueda OM, Seoane J, Serra V, Soucek L, Vanhecke D, Villanueva A, Vinolo E, Bertotti A, Trusolino L. Interrogating open issues in cancer precision medicine with patient-derived xenografts. Nat Rev Cancer 2017; 17:254-268. [PMID: 28104906 DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2016.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 460] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) have emerged as an important platform to elucidate new treatments and biomarkers in oncology. PDX models are used to address clinically relevant questions, including the contribution of tumour heterogeneity to therapeutic responsiveness, the patterns of cancer evolutionary dynamics during tumour progression and under drug pressure, and the mechanisms of resistance to treatment. The ability of PDX models to predict clinical outcomes is being improved through mouse humanization strategies and the implementation of co-clinical trials, within which patients and PDXs reciprocally inform therapeutic decisions. This Opinion article discusses aspects of PDX modelling that are relevant to these questions and highlights the merits of shared PDX resources to advance cancer medicine from the perspective of EurOPDX, an international initiative devoted to PDX-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette T Byrne
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Denis G Alférez
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4QL, UK
| | - Frédéric Amant
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Annibali
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, and the Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Alejandra Bruna
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge Cancer Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Eva Budinská
- EurOPDX Consortium and is at the Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, and Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masarykova Univerzita, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Carlos Caldas
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge Cancer Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - David K Chang
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Robert B Clarke
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, Division of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4QL, UK
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, University Medical Centre Utrecht, and Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - George Coukos
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research at the University of Lausanne, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Dangles-Marie
- EurOPDX Consortium and is at the Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, 75005 Paris, and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - S Gail Eckhardt
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
| | - Eva Gonzalez-Suarez
- EurOPDX Consortium and is at the Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Els Hermans
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- EurOPDX Consortium and is at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Monika A Jarzabek
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Steven de Jong
- EurOPDX Consortium and is at the University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Jonkers
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristel Kemper
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luisa Lanfrancone
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institiute of Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Gunhild Mari Mælandsmo
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- EurOPDX Consortium and is at the Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, and the Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Enzo Medico
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS and Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Jens Henrik Norum
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Oslo University Hospital, Institute for Cancer Research, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Héctor G Palmer
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology and CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel S Peeper
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institiute of Oncology, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Alejandro Piris-Gimenez
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology and CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Roman-Roman
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Translational Research Department, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge Cancer Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Joan Seoane
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, and the Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Violeta Serra
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology and CIBERONC, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Soucek
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, 08035 Barcelona, the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, and the Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dominique Vanhecke
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research at the University of Lausanne, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- EurOPDX Consortium and is at the Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology ICO, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, 08098 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, and Xenopat S.L., Business Bioincubator, Bellvitge Health Science Campus, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Bertotti
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS and Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- EurOPDX Consortium and are at the Candiolo Cancer Institute IRCCS and Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10060 Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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SASP: Tumor Suppressor or Promoter? Yes! Trends Cancer 2016; 2:676-687. [PMID: 28741506 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a permanent growth arrest in cells with damage or stress that could lead to transformation. Some tumor cells also undergo senescence in response to chemotherapy. Senescent cells secrete cytokines and other factors of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that contribute to tumor suppression by enforcing arrest and recruiting immune cells that remove these damaged or oncogene-expressing cells from organisms. However, some cells can develop a SASP comprising factors that are immunosuppressive and protumorigenic by paracrine mechanisms. Likewise, the SASP in treated cancers can either contribute to durable responses or drive relapse. Here, we discuss the studies that have demonstrated a complex and often conflicting role for the SASP in tumorigenesis and treatment response.
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Matjusaitis M, Chin G, Sarnoski EA, Stolzing A. Biomarkers to identify and isolate senescent cells. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 29:1-12. [PMID: 27212009 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is the main risk factor for many degenerative diseases and declining health. Senescent cells are part of the underlying mechanism for time-dependent tissue dysfunction. These cells can negatively affect neighbouring cells through an altered secretory phenotype: the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP induces senescence in healthy cells, promotes tumour formation and progression, and contributes to other age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis, immune-senescence and neurodegeneration. Removal of senescent cells was recently demonstrated to delay age-related degeneration and extend lifespan. To better understand cell aging and to reap the benefits of senescent cell removal, it is necessary to have a reliable biomarker to identify these cells. Following an introduction to cellular senescence, we discuss several classes of biomarkers in the context of their utility in identifying and/or removing senescent cells from tissues. Although senescence can be induced by a variety of stimuli, senescent cells share some characteristics that enable their identification both in vitro and in vivo. Nevertheless, it may prove difficult to identify a single biomarker capable of distinguishing senescence in all cell types. Therefore, this will not be a comprehensive review of all senescence biomarkers but rather an outlook on technologies and markers that are most suitable to identify and isolate senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Matjusaitis
- Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, England, UK
| | - Greg Chin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ethan Anders Sarnoski
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexandra Stolzing
- Institute IZBI, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Loughborough University, Loughborough, England, UK.
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Althubiti M, Rada M, Samuel J, Escorsa JM, Najeeb H, Lee KG, Lam KP, Jones GDD, Barlev NA, Macip S. BTK Modulates p53 Activity to Enhance Apoptotic and Senescent Responses. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5405-14. [PMID: 27630139 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
p53 is a tumor suppressor that prevents the emergence of transformed cells by inducing apoptosis or senescence, among other responses. Its functions are regulated tightly by posttranslational modifications. Here we show that Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a novel modulator of p53. We found that BTK is induced in response to DNA damage and p53 activation. BTK induction leads to p53 phosphorylation, which constitutes a positive feedback loop that increases p53 protein levels and enhances the transactivation of its target genes in response to stress. Inhibiting BTK reduced both p53-dependent senescence and apoptosis. Further, BTK expression also upregulated DNA damage signals and apoptosis. We conclude that despite being involved in oncogenic signals in blood malignancies, BTK has antineoplastic properties in other contexts, such as the enhancement of p53's tumor suppressor responses. Along with evidence that BTK expression correlates with good prognosis in some epithelial tumors, our findings may encourage a reevaluation of the clinical uses of BTK inhibitors in cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5405-14. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Althubiti
- Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Miran Rada
- Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom. Department of Biology, School of Science, Faculty of Science and Education Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Jesvin Samuel
- Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Josep M Escorsa
- Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hishyar Najeeb
- Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom. Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Koon-Guan Lee
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - George D D Jones
- Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom. Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Salvador Macip
- Mechanisms of Cancer and Aging Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. Cancer Research UK Leicester Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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Maciel-Barón LA, Morales-Rosales SL, Aquino-Cruz AA, Triana-Martínez F, Galván-Arzate S, Luna-López A, González-Puertos VY, López-Díazguerrero NE, Torres C, Königsberg M. Senescence associated secretory phenotype profile from primary lung mice fibroblasts depends on the senescence induction stimuli. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:26. [PMID: 26867806 PMCID: PMC5005892 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-016-9886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a multifactorial phenomenon of growth arrest and distorted function, which has been recognized as an important feature during tumor suppression mechanisms and a contributor to aging. Senescent cells have an altered secretion pattern called Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) that comprises a complex mix of factors including cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases. SASP has been related with local inflammation that leads to cellular transformation and neurodegenerative diseases. Various pathways for senescence induction have been proposed; the most studied is replicative senescence due to telomere attrition called replicative senescence (RS). However, senescence can be prematurely achieved when cells are exposed to diverse stimuli such as oxidative stress (stress-induced premature senescence, SIPS) or proteasome inhibition (proteasome inhibition-induced premature senescence, PIIPS). SASP has been characterized in RS and SIPS but not in PIIPS. Hence, our aim was to determine SASP components in primary lung fibroblasts obtained from CD-1 mice induced to senescence by PIIPS and compare them to RS and SIPS. Our results showed important variations in the 62 cytokines analyzed, while SIPS and RS showed an increase in the secretion of most cytokines, and in PIIPS only 13 were incremented. Variations in glutathione-redox balance were also observed in SIPS and RS, and not in PIIPS. All senescence types SASP displayed a pro-inflammatory profile and increased proliferation in L929 mice fibroblasts exposed to SASP. However, the behavior observed was not exactly the same, suggesting that the senescence induction pathway might encompass dissimilar responses in adjacent cells and promote different outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Maciel-Barón
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, AP 55-535, México D.F., 09340, Mexico
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental., México D.F., Mexico
| | - S L Morales-Rosales
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, AP 55-535, México D.F., 09340, Mexico
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental., México D.F., Mexico
| | - A A Aquino-Cruz
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, AP 55-535, México D.F., 09340, Mexico
| | - F Triana-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, AP 55-535, México D.F., 09340, Mexico
| | - S Galván-Arzate
- Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, SSA, México D.F., 14269, Mexico
| | - A Luna-López
- Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, SSA, México, D.F., 14080, Mexico
| | - V Y González-Puertos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, AP 55-535, México D.F., 09340, Mexico
| | - N E López-Díazguerrero
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, AP 55-535, México D.F., 09340, Mexico
| | - C Torres
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Mina Königsberg
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, DCBS, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, AP 55-535, México D.F., 09340, Mexico.
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Morancho B, Martínez-Barriocanal Á, Villanueva J, Arribas J. Role of ADAM17 in the non-cell autonomous effects of oncogene-induced senescence. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:106. [PMID: 26260680 PMCID: PMC4532141 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0619-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cellular senescence is a terminal cell proliferation arrest that can be triggered by oncogenes. One of the traits of oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is the so-called senescence-associated secretory phenotype or senescence secretome. Depending on the context, the non-cell autonomous effects of OIS may vary from tumor suppression to promotion of metastasis. Despite being such a physiological and pathologically relevant effector, the mechanisms of generation of the senescence secretome are largely unknown. Methods We analyzed by label-free proteomics the secretome of p95HER2-induced senescent cells and compared the levels of the membrane-anchored proteins with their transcript levels. Then, protein and RNA levels of ADAM17 were evaluated by using Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, its localization by using biotin labeling and immunofluorescence, and its activity by using alkaline phosphatase-tagged substrates. The p95HER2-expressing cell lines, senescent MCF7 and proliferating MCF10A, were analyzed to study ADAM17 regulation. Finally, we knocked down ADAM17 to determine its contribution to the senescence-associated secretome. The effect of this secretome was evaluated in migration assays in vitro and in nude mice by assessing the metastatic ability of orthotopically co-injected non-senescent cells. Results Using breast cancer cells expressing p95HER2, a constitutively active fragment of the proto-oncogene HER2 that induces OIS, we show that the extracellular domains of a variety of membrane-bound proteins form part of the senescence secretome. We determine that these proteins are regulated transcriptionally and, in addition, that their shedding is limited by the protease ADAM17. The activity of the sheddase is constrained, at least in part, by the accumulation of cellular cholesterol. The blockade of ADAM17 abrogates several prometastatic effects of the p95HER2-induced senescence secretome, both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Considering these findings, we conclude that ectodomain shedding is tightly regulated in oncogene-induced senescent cells by integrating transcription of the shedding substrates with limiting ADAM17 activity. The remaining activity of ADAM17 contributes to the non-cell autonomous protumorigenic effects of p95HER2-induced senescent cells. Because ADAM17 is druggable, these results represent an approximation to the pharmacological regulation of the senescence secretome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0619-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Morancho
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Psg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.
| | - Águeda Martínez-Barriocanal
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Psg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.
| | - Josep Villanueva
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Psg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Psg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Building M, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Valles), Barcelona, 08193, Spain. .,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain.
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Martinez EF, de Araújo NS, de Araújo VC. How do benign myoepithelial cells from in situ areas of carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma favor tumor progression? J Cell Commun Signal 2015; 9:279-80. [PMID: 26067907 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-015-0298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this brief commentary, we have shown how the benign myoepithelial cells from in situ areas of carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma from salivary gland can favor tumor progression, not only dying by autophagy/senescence phenomena, disrupting the physical barrier, but also providing fuel for tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ferreira Martinez
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, 13045-755, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ney Soares de Araújo
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, 13045-755, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Vera Cavalcanti de Araújo
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Institute and Research Center, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, 13045-755, Campinas, Brazil.
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