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Liu K, Wang Y, Wang C, Guo C, Zhang D, Zhong Y, Yin L, Lu Y, Liu F, Zhang Y, Zhang D. Spatial transcriptomics of gastric cancer brain metastasis reveals atypical vasculature strategies with supportive immune profiles. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2024; 12:goae067. [PMID: 39027914 PMCID: PMC11257699 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goae067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer brain metastasis (GCBM) represents a rare but highly aggressive malignancy. Metastatic cancer cells are highly heterogeneous and differentially remodels brain vasculature and immune microenvironments, which affects the treatment effectiveness and patient outcome. This study aimed to investigate the spatial interactions among different cell components, especially the vasculature system and the brain microenvironment of GCBM patients. Methods We used digital spatial profiling to examine 140 regions composing tumor, immune, and brain tissues from three GCBM patients. Transcriptomic data with spatial information were analyzed for tissue areas related to different blood recruitment strategies. For validation, independent analysis of patient bulk transcriptomic data and in vivo single-cell transcriptomic data were performed. Results Angiogenesis and blood vessel co-option co-existed within the same GCBM lesion. Tumors with high epithelial-mesenchymal transition and an enhanced transcriptomic gene signature composed of CTNNB1, SPARC, VIM, SMAD3, SMAD4, TGFB1, TGFB2, and TGFB3 were more prone to adopt blood vessel co-option than angiogenesis. Enriched macrophage infiltration, angiogenic chemokines, and NAMPT were found in angiogenic areas, while increased T cells, T cell activating cytokines, and reduced NAMPT were found in vessel co-option regions. Spatially, angiogenesis was enriched at the tumor edge, which showed higher DMBT1 expression than the tumor center. Conclusions This study mapped the orchestrated spatial characteristics of tumor and immunological compositions that support the conventional and atypical vascularization strategies in GCBM. Our data provided molecular insights for more effective combinations of anti-vascular and immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yin
- AccuraMed Technology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yunxin Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Furong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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De Palma M, Hanahan D. Milestones in tumor vascularization and its therapeutic targeting. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:827-843. [PMID: 38918437 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Research into the mechanisms and manifestations of solid tumor vascularization was launched more than 50 years ago with the proposition and experimental demonstrations that angiogenesis is instrumental for tumor growth and was, therefore, a promising therapeutic target. The biological knowledge and therapeutic insights forthcoming have been remarkable, punctuated by new concepts, many of which were not foreseen in the early decades. This article presents a perspective on tumor vascularization and its therapeutic targeting but does not portray a historical timeline. Rather, we highlight eight conceptual milestones, integrating initial discoveries and recent progress and posing open questions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele De Palma
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Swiss Cancer Center Léman (SCCL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Douglas Hanahan
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Agora Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Swiss Cancer Center Léman (SCCL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Tang M, Zhang S, Yang M, Feng R, Lin J, Chen X, Xu Y, Yu R, Liao X, Li Z, Li X, Li M, Zhang Q, Chen S, Qian W, Liu Y, Song L, Li J. Infiltrative Vessel Co-optive Growth Pattern Induced by IQGAP3 Overexpression Promotes Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2206-2224. [PMID: 38470497 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a major unfavorable prognostic factor for intrahepatic metastasis and postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the intervention and preoperative prediction for MVI remain clinical challenges due to the absent precise mechanism and molecular marker(s). Herein, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying vascular invasion that can be applied to clinical intervention for MVI in HCC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The histopathologic characteristics of clinical MVI+/HCC specimens were analyzed using multiplex immunofluorescence staining. The liver orthotopic xenograft mouse model and mechanistic experiments on human patient-derived HCC cell lines, including coculture modeling, RNA-sequencing, and proteomic analysis, were used to investigate MVI-related genes and mechanisms. RESULTS IQGAP3 overexpression was correlated significantly with MVI status and reduced survival in HCC. Upregulation of IQGAP3 promoted MVI+-HCC cells to adopt an infiltrative vessel co-optive growth pattern and accessed blood capillaries by inducing detachment of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) from the endothelium. Mechanically, IQGAP3 overexpression contributed to HCC vascular invasion via a dual mechanism, in which IQGAP3 induced HSC activation and disruption of the HSC-endothelial interaction via upregulation of multiple cytokines and enhanced the trans-endothelial migration of MVI+-HCC cells by remodeling the cytoskeleton by sustaining GTPase Rac1 activity. Importantly, systemic delivery of IQGAP3-targeting small-interfering RNA nanoparticles disrupted the infiltrative vessel co-optive growth pattern and reduced the MVI of HCC. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed a plausible mechanism underlying IQGAP3-mediated microvascular invasion in HCC, and provided a potential target to develop therapeutic strategies to treat HCC with MVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoling Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meisongzhu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongni Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbin Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingru Xu
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruyuan Yu
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Liao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xincheng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiliang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanying Qian
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanji Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Hedayat S, Cascione L, Cunningham D, Schirripa M, Lampis A, Hahne JC, Tunariu N, Hong SP, Marchetti S, Khan K, Fontana E, Angerilli V, Delrieux M, Nava Rodrigues D, Procaccio L, Rao S, Watkins D, Starling N, Chau I, Braconi C, Fotiadis N, Begum R, Guppy N, Howell L, Valenti M, Cribbes S, Kolozsvari B, Kirkin V, Lonardi S, Ghidini M, Passalacqua R, Elghadi R, Magnani L, Pinato DJ, Di Maggio F, Ghelardi F, Sottotetti E, Vetere G, Ciracì P, Vlachogiannis G, Pietrantonio F, Cremolini C, Cortellini A, Loupakis F, Fassan M, Valeri N. Circulating microRNA Analysis in a Prospective Co-clinical Trial Identifies MIR652-3p as a Response Biomarker and Driver of Regorafenib Resistance Mechanisms in Colorectal Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2140-2159. [PMID: 38376926 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The multi-kinase inhibitor (mKi) regorafenib has demonstrated efficacy in chemorefractory patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, lack of predictive biomarkers and concerns over significant toxicities hamper the use of regorafenib in clinical practice. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Serial liquid biopsies were obtained at baseline and monthly until disease progression in chemorefractory patients with mCRC treated with regorafenib in a phase II clinical trial (PROSPECT-R n = 40; NCT03010722) and in a multicentric validation cohort (n = 241). Tissue biopsies collected at baseline, after 2 months and at progression in the PROSPECT-R trial were used to establish patient-derived organoids (PDO) and for molecular analyses. MicroRNA profiling was performed on baseline bloods using the NanoString nCounter platform and results were validated by digital-droplet PCR and/or ISH in paired liquid and tissue biopsies. PDOs co-cultures and PDO-xenotransplants were generated for functional analyses. RESULTS Large-scale microRNA expression analysis in longitudinal matched liquid and tissue biopsies from the PROSPECT-R trial identified MIR652-3p as a biomarker of clinical benefit to regorafenib. These findings were confirmed in an independent validation cohort and in a "control" group of 100 patients treated with lonsurf. Using ex vivo co-culture assays paired with single-cell RNA-sequencing of PDO established pre- and post-treatment, we modeled regorafenib response observed in vivo and in patients, and showed that MIR652-3p controls resistance to regorafenib by impairing regorafenib-induced lethal autophagy and by orchestrating the switch from neo-angiogenesis to vessel co-option. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify MIR652-3p as a potential biomarker and as a driver of cell and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of resistance to regorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaieh Hedayat
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luciano Cascione
- Bioinformatics Core Unit, Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - David Cunningham
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Schirripa
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Lampis
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jens C Hahne
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nina Tunariu
- Department of Radiology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Sung Pil Hong
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Marchetti
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Khurum Khan
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Fontana
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Angerilli
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mia Delrieux
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Nava Rodrigues
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Letizia Procaccio
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Sheela Rao
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - David Watkins
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Naureen Starling
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Chau
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicos Fotiadis
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruwaida Begum
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Naomy Guppy
- Breast Cancer Now Nina Barough Pathology Core Facility, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Howell
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Valenti
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Vladimir Kirkin
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Lonardi
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Michele Ghidini
- Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Raghad Elghadi
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Magnani
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David J Pinato
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Di Maggio
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Francesco Salvatore, Via Gaetano Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Ghelardi
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sottotetti
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Vetere
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciracì
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Georgios Vlachogiannis
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Cortellini
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Padua, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Division of Molecular Pathology and Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London and Sutton, United Kingdom
- Division of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Yang D, Dang S, Wang Z, Xie M, Li X, Ding X. Vessel co-option: a unique vascular-immune niche in liver cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1386772. [PMID: 38737903 PMCID: PMC11082301 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1386772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor vasculature is pivotal in regulating tumor perfusion, immune cell infiltration, metastasis, and invasion. The vascular status of the tumor is intricately linked to its immune landscape and response to immunotherapy. Vessel co-option means that tumor tissue adeptly exploits pre-existing blood vessels in the para-carcinoma region to foster its growth rather than inducing angiogenesis. It emerges as a significant mechanism contributing to anti-angiogenic therapy resistance. Different from angiogenic tumors, vessel co-option presents a distinctive vascular-immune niche characterized by varying states and distribution of immune cells, including T-cells, tumor-associated macrophages, neutrophils, and hepatic stellate cells. This unique composition contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that is crucial in modulating the response to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we systematically reviewed the evidence and molecular mechanisms of vessel co-option in liver cancer, while also exploring its implications for anti-angiogenic drug resistance and the immune microenvironment, to provide new ideas and clues for screening patients with liver cancer who are effective in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiangming Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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6
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Zhang R, Yao Y, Gao H, Hu X. Mechanisms of angiogenesis in tumour. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1359069. [PMID: 38590656 PMCID: PMC10999665 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1359069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for tumour growth and metastasis. Antiangiogenic factor-targeting drugs have been approved as first line agents in a variety of oncology treatments. Clinical drugs frequently target the VEGF signalling pathway during sprouting angiogenesis. Accumulating evidence suggests that tumours can evade antiangiogenic therapy through other angiogenesis mechanisms in addition to the vascular sprouting mechanism involving endothelial cells. These mechanisms include (1) sprouting angiogenesis, (2) vasculogenic mimicry, (3) vessel intussusception, (4) vascular co-option, (5) cancer stem cell-derived angiogenesis, and (6) bone marrow-derived angiogenesis. Other non-sprouting angiogenic mechanisms are not entirely dependent on the VEGF signalling pathway. In clinical practice, the conversion of vascular mechanisms is closely related to the enhancement of tumour drug resistance, which often leads to clinical treatment failure. This article summarizes recent studies on six processes of tumour angiogenesis and provides suggestions for developing more effective techniques to improve the efficacy of antiangiogenic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xin Hu
- China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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7
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Carrera-Aguado I, Marcos-Zazo L, Carrancio-Salán P, Guerra-Paes E, Sánchez-Juanes F, Muñoz-Félix JM. The Inhibition of Vessel Co-Option as an Emerging Strategy for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:921. [PMID: 38255995 PMCID: PMC10815934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vessel co-option (VCO) is a non-angiogenic mechanism of vascularization that has been associated to anti-angiogenic therapy. In VCO, cancer cells hijack the pre-existing blood vessels and use them to obtain oxygen and nutrients and invade adjacent tissue. Multiple primary tumors and metastases undergo VCO in highly vascularized tissues such as the lungs, liver or brain. VCO has been associated with a worse prognosis. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that undergo VCO are poorly understood. Recent studies have demonstrated that co-opted vessels show a quiescent phenotype in contrast to angiogenic tumor blood vessels. On the other hand, it is believed that during VCO, cancer cells are adhered to basement membrane from pre-existing blood vessels by using integrins, show enhanced motility and a mesenchymal phenotype. Other components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as extracellular matrix, immune cells or extracellular vesicles play important roles in vessel co-option maintenance. There are no strategies to inhibit VCO, and thus, to eliminate resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. This review summarizes all the molecular mechanisms involved in vessel co-option analyzing the possible therapeutic strategies to inhibit this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Carrera-Aguado
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.C.-A.); (L.M.-Z.); (P.C.-S.); (E.G.-P.); (F.S.-J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura Marcos-Zazo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.C.-A.); (L.M.-Z.); (P.C.-S.); (E.G.-P.); (F.S.-J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Patricia Carrancio-Salán
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.C.-A.); (L.M.-Z.); (P.C.-S.); (E.G.-P.); (F.S.-J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elena Guerra-Paes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.C.-A.); (L.M.-Z.); (P.C.-S.); (E.G.-P.); (F.S.-J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fernando Sánchez-Juanes
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.C.-A.); (L.M.-Z.); (P.C.-S.); (E.G.-P.); (F.S.-J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - José M. Muñoz-Félix
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (I.C.-A.); (L.M.-Z.); (P.C.-S.); (E.G.-P.); (F.S.-J.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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8
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Ribatti D, Annese T, Tamma R. Vascular co-option in resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1323350. [PMID: 38148844 PMCID: PMC10750409 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1323350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Three different mechanisms of neovascularization have been described in tumor growth, including sprouting angiogenesis, intussusceptive microvascular growth and glomeruloid vascular proliferation. Tumors can also grow by means of alternative mechanisms including vascular co-option, vasculogenic mimicry, angiotropism, and recruitment of endothelial precursor cells. Vascular co-option occurs in tumors independently of sprouting angiogenesis and the non-angiogenic cancer cells are described as exploiting pre-existing vessels. Vascular co-option is more frequently observed in tumors of densely vascularized organs, including the brain, lung and liver, and vascular co-option represents one of the main mechanisms involved in metastasis, as occurs in liver and lung, and resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. The aim of this review article is to analyze the role of vascular co-option as mechanism through which tumors develop resistance to anti-angiogenic conventional therapeutic approaches and how blocking co-option can suppress tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Libera Università del Mediterraneo (LUM) Giuseppe Degennaro University, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Gu J, Bao S, Akemuhan R, Jia Z, Zhang Y, Huang C. Radiomics Based on Contrast-Enhanced CT for Recognizing c-Met-Positive Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Noninvasive Approach to Predict the Outcome of Sorafenib Resistance. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:1073-1083. [PMID: 37932610 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of our project was to investigate the effectiveness of radiomic features based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) that can detect the expression of c-Met in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to validate its efficacy in predicting the outcome of sorafenib resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 130 patients (median age, 60 years) with pathologically confirmed HCC who underwent contrast material-enhanced CT from October 2012 to July 2020 were randomly divided into a training set (n = 91) and a test set (n = 39). Radiomic features were extracted from arterial phase (AP), portal venous phase (VP) and delayed phase (DP) images of every participant's enhanced CT images. RESULTS The entire group comprised 39 Met-positive and 91 Met-negative patients. The combined model, which included the clinical factors and the radiomic features, performed well in the training (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.878) and validation (AUC = 0.851) cohorts. The nomogram, which relied on the combined model, fits well in the calibration curves. Decision curve analysis (DCA) further confirmed that the clinical valuation of the nomogram achieved comparable accuracy in c-Met prediction. Among another 20 patients with HCC who had received sorafenib, the predicted high-risk group had shorter overall survival (OS) than the predicted low-risk group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION A multivariate model acquired from three phases (AP, VP and DP) of enhanced CT, HBV-DNA and γ glutamyl transpeptidase isoenzyme II (GGT-II) could be considered a satisfactory preoperative marker of the expression of c-Met in patients with HCC. This approach may help in overcoming sorafenib resistance in advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiao Gu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, the, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shanlei Bao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | - Zhongzheng Jia
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, the, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Liu S, Jia M, Dai R. Deciphering the tumour immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13327. [PMID: 38441331 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Current treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are less effective and prone to recurrence after surgery, so it's needed to seek new ideas for its therapy. Tumour immune microenvironment (TME) is crucial for the pathogenesis, development and metastasis of HCC. Interactions between immune cells and tumour cells significantly impact responses to immunotherapies and patient prognosis. In recent years, immunotherapies for HCC have shown promising potential, but the response rate is still unsatisfactory. Understanding their cross-talks is helpful for selecting potential therapeutic targets, predicting immunotherapy responses, determining immunotherapy efficacy, identifying prognostic markers and selecting individualized treatment options. In this paper, we reviewed the research advances on the roles of immune cells and multi-omic research associated with HCC pathogenesis and therapy, and future perspectives on TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Pain, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Man Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rongyang Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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11
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Lin X, Long S, Yan C, Zou X, Zhang G, Zou J, Wu G. Therapeutic potential of vasculogenic mimicry in urological tumors. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1202656. [PMID: 37810976 PMCID: PMC10551447 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1202656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process in the growth and metastasis of cancer cells, which can be hampered by an anti-angiogenesis mechanism, thereby delaying the progression of tumors. However, the benefit of this treatment modality could be restricted, as most patients tend to develop acquired resistance during treatment. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is regarded as a critical alternative mechanism of tumor angiogenesis, where studies have demonstrated that patients with tumors supplemented with VM generally have a shorter survival period and a poorer prognosis. Inhibiting VM may be an effective therapeutic strategy to prevent cancer progression, which could prove helpful in impeding the limitations of lone use of anti-angiogenic therapy when performed concurrently with other anti-tumor therapies. This review summarizes the mechanism of VM signaling pathways in urological tumors, i.e., prostate cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, and bladder cancer. Furthermore, it also summarizes the potential of VM as a therapeutic strategy for urological tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Lin
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sheng Long
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Congcong Yan
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zou
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guoxi Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junrong Zou
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gengqing Wu
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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12
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Xu J, Huang Z, Gao S, Deng G, Di J. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Bibliometric Analysis via CiteSpace from 2000 to 2022. Urol Int 2023; 107:755-771. [PMID: 37454653 DOI: 10.1159/000531322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to identify the cooperation of authors, countries, institutions and explore the hot spots regarding research of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treatment in the past 22 years. SUMMARY Relevant original and review articles were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection from 2000 to 2022. CiteSpace software was used to perform the visualization of scientific productivity and emerging trends. Network maps were generated to evaluate the collaborations between different authors, countries, institutions, and keywords. KEY MESSAGES A total of 4,951 articles related to TKI for RCC treatment were identified. We observed a gradual increase in the number of publications from 2000 to 2022. The USA dominated the field in all countries, and Mem Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre (USA) had more extensive cooperating relationships with other institutions. Motzer RJ and Escudier B were two of the authority scholars in this specific field with the most publications and co-citations. Journal of Clinical Oncology had the most citations of all the journals. A total of 10 major clusters were explored based on the reference co-citation analysis. From 2000 to 2022, the research hot spots have undergone two dramatic shifts during 2006 and 2019, respectively, relevant topics were TKI and TKI combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs). At present, the research hot spots focus on CPI and targeted therapies. Bibliometric analysis is allowing researchers to recognize the current research status by providing a comprehensive overview of the development of scientific literature related to TKI for RCC treatment, and information for further research be demonstrated as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Xu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ZhanSen Huang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - ShunTian Gao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - GengGuo Deng
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Di
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Li J, Wang X, Ren M, He S, Zhao Y. Advances in experimental animal models of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:15261-15276. [PMID: 37248746 PMCID: PMC10417182 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with insidious early symptoms, easy metastasis, postoperative recurrence, poor drug efficacy, and a high drug resistance rate when surgery is missed, leading to a low 5-year survival rate. Research on the pathogenesis and drugs is particularly important for clinical treatment. Animal models are crucial for basic research, which is conducive to studying pathogenesis and drug screening more conveniently and effectively. An appropriate animal model can better reflect disease occurrence and development, and the process of anti-tumor immune response in the human body. This review summarizes the classification, characteristics, and advances in experimental animal models of HCC to provide a reference for researchers on model selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mudan Ren
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shuixiang He
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China
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Ribatti D, Tamma R, Annese T, d'Amati A, Ingravallo G, Specchia G. Vascular Growth in Lymphomas: Angiogenesis and Alternative Ways. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3262. [PMID: 37370872 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels is a critical process for tumor growth and may be achieved through different mechanisms. Angiogenesis represents the first described and most studied mode of vessel formation, but tumors may also use alternative ways to secure blood supply and eventually acquire resistance to anti-angiogenic treatments. These non-angiogenic mechanisms have been described more recently, including intussusceptive microvascular growth (IMG), vascular co-option, and vasculogenic mimicry. Like solid tumors, angiogenic and non-angiogenic pathways in lymphomas play a fundamental role in tumor growth and progression. In view of the relevant prognostic and therapeutic implications, a comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms is of paramount importance for improving the efficacy of treatment in patients with lymphoma. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on angiogenic and non-angiogenic mechanisms involved in the formation of new blood vessels in Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Tamma
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Libera Università del Mediterraneo (LUM) "Giuseppe Degennaro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio d'Amati
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
- Section of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
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15
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Pezzella F, Qian CN. Editorial: Vascular co-option and beyond for cancer biology. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1227540. [PMID: 37456261 PMCID: PMC10338838 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1227540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pezzella
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Science-Radcliffe Department of Medicine (NDCLS-RDM) John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangzhou Concord Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Suresh D, Srinivas AN, Prashant A, Satish S, Vishwanath P, Nataraj SM, Koduru SV, Santhekadur PK, Kumar DP. AATF inhibition exerts antiangiogenic effects against human hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130380. [PMID: 37361585 PMCID: PMC10288852 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Angiogenesis is a key factor in the growth and metastasis of hepatic tumors and thus a potential therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we aim to identify the key role of apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) in tumor angiogenesis and its underlying mechanisms in HCC. Methods HCC tissues were analyzed for AATF expression by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Stable clones of control and AATF knockdown (KD) were established in human HCC cells. The effect of AATF inhibition on the angiogenic processes was determined by proliferation, invasion, migration, chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, zymography, and immunoblotting techniques. Results We identified high levels of AATF in human HCC tissues compared to adjacent normal liver tissues, and the expression was found to be correlated with the stages and tumor grades of HCC. Inhibiting AATF in QGY-7703 cells resulted in higher levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) than controls due to decreased matric metalloproteinase activity. Conditioned media from AATF KD cells inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells as well as the vascularization of the chick chorioallantoic membrane. Furthermore, the VEGF-mediated downstream signaling pathway responsible for endothelial cell survival and vascular permeability, cell proliferation, and migration favoring angiogenesis was suppressed by AATF inhibition. Notably, PEDF inhibition effectively reversed the anti-angiogenic effect of AATF KD. Conclusion Our study reports the first evidence that the therapeutic strategy based on the inhibition of AATF to disrupt tumor angiogenesis may serve as a promising approach for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwakar Suresh
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshatha N. Srinivas
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Akila Prashant
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suchitha Satish
- Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Prashant Vishwanath
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suma M. Nataraj
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Prasanna K. Santhekadur
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya P. Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, CEMR, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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17
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Wen Q, Huang M, Xie J, Liu R, Miao Q, Huang J, Zhang J, Lyu W, Qi M, Wu C, Qi Q, Zhang Z, Deng R, Wang C, Chen ZS, Zhang D, Ye W, Chen M. lncRNA SYTL5-OT4 promotes vessel co-option by inhibiting the autophagic degradation of ASCT2. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 69:100975. [PMID: 37207473 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Vessel co-option is responsible for tumor resistance to antiangiogenic therapies (AATs) in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM). However, the mechanisms underlying vessel co-option remain largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the roles of a novel lncRNA SYTL5-OT4 and Alanine-Serine-Cysteine Transporter 2 (ASCT2) in vessel co-option-mediated AAT resistance. METHODS SYTL5-OT4 was identified by RNA-sequencing and verified by RT-qPCR and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization assays. The effects of SYTL5-OT4 and ASCT2 on tumor cells were investigated by gain- and loss-of-function experiments, and those of SYTL5-OT4 on ASCT2 expression were analyzed by RNA immunoprecipitation and co-immunoprecipitation assays. The roles of SYTL5-OT4 and ASCT2 in vessel co-option were detected by histological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analyses. RESULTS The expression of SYTL5-OT4 and ASCT2 was higher in patients with AAT-resistant CRCLM. SYTL5-OT4 enhanced the expression of ASCT2 by inhibiting its autophagic degradation. SYTL5-OT4 and ASCT2 promoted vessel co-option by increasing the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells. Combination therapy of ASCT2 inhibitor and antiangiogenic agents overcame vessel co-option-mediated AAT resistance in CRCLM. CONCLUSION This study highlights the crucial roles of lncRNA and glutamine metabolism in vessel co-option and provides a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with AAT-resistant CRCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Maohua Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jingwen Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Runyu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qun Miao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinjun Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Junqiu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenyu Lyu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ming Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunyi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Qi
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhijing Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chenran Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wencai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Minfeng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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18
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Tamayo SO, Cupitra NI, Narvaez-Sanchez R. Vascular adaptation to cancer beyond angiogenesis: The role of PTEN. Microvasc Res 2023; 147:104492. [PMID: 36709859 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a public health problem, and it needs blood vessels to grow. Knowing more about the processes of vascular adaptation to cancer improves our chances of attacking it, since the tumor for its extension needs such adaptation to satisfy its progressive demand for nutrients. The main objective of this review is to present the reader with some fundamental molecular pathways for vascular adaptation to cancer, highlighting within them the regulatory role of homologous tensin and phosphatase protein (PTEN). Hence the review describes vascular adaptation to cancer through somewhat known processes, such as angiogenesis, but emphasizes others that are much less explored, namely the changes in vascular reactivity and remodeling of the vascular wall -intima-media thickness and adjustments in the extracellular matrix- The role of PTEN in physiological and pathological vascular mechanisms in different types of cancer is deepened, as a crucial mediator in vascular adaptation to cancer, and points pending further exploration in cancer vascularization are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ortiz Tamayo
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group, PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Nelson Ivan Cupitra
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group, PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Raul Narvaez-Sanchez
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Group, PHYSIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.
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19
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Huang L, Xu R, Li W, Lv L, Lin C, Yang X, Yao Y, Saw PE, Xu X. Repolarization of macrophages to improve sorafenib sensitivity for combination cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2023; 162:98-109. [PMID: 36931417 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib is the first line drug for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. However, HCC patients usually acquire resistance to sorafenib treatment within 6 months. Recent evidences have shown that anticancer drugs with antiangiogenesis effect (e.g., sorafenib) can aggravate the hypoxia microenvironment and promote the infiltration of more tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) into the tumor tissues. Therefore, repolarization of TAMs phenotype could be expected to not only eliminate the influence of TAMs on sorafenib lethality to HCC cells, but also provide an additional anticancer effect to achieve combination therapy. However, immune side effects remain a great challenge due to the non-specific macrophage repolarization in normal tissues. We herein employed a tumor microenvironment (TME) pH-responsive nanoplatform to concurrently transport sorafenib and modified resiquimod (R848-C16). This nanoparticle (NP) platform is made with a TME pH-responsive methoxyl-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) copolymer. After intravenous administration, the co-delivery NPs could highly accumulate in the tumor tissues and then respond to the TME pH to detach their surface PEG chains. With this PEG detachment to enhance uptake by TAMs and HCC cells, the co-delivery NPs could combinatorially inhibit HCC tumor growth via sorafenib-mediated lethality to HCC cells and R848-mediated repolarization of TAMs into tumoricidal M1-like macrophages. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Anticancer drugs with antiangiogenesis effect (e.g., sorafenib) can aggravate the hypoxia microenvironment and promote the infiltration of more tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) into the tumor tissues to restrict the anticancer effect. In this work, we designed and developed a tumor microenvironment (TME) pH-responsive nanoplatform for systemic co-delivery of sorafenib and resiquimod in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. These co-delivery NPs show high tumor accumulation and could respond to the TME pH to enhance uptake by TAMs and HCC cells. With the sorafenib-mediated lethality to HCC cells and R848-mediated repolarization of TAMs, the co-delivery NPs show a combinational inhibition of HCC tumor growth in both xenograft and orthotopic tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhuo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, PR China
| | - Rui Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, PR China
| | - Weirong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Li Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, PR China
| | - Chunhao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, PR China
| | - Xianzhu Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou 511442, PR China
| | - Yandan Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Phei Er Saw
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, PR China.
| | - Xiaoding Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision Immunology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Foshan 528200, PR China.
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20
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Oura K, Morishita A, Hamaya S, Fujita K, Masaki T. The Roles of Epigenetic Regulation and the Tumor Microenvironment in the Mechanism of Resistance to Systemic Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032805. [PMID: 36769116 PMCID: PMC9917861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major histologic type with a poor prognosis owing to the difficulty in early detection, the chemotherapy resistance, and the high recurrence rate of the disease. Despite recent advancements in HCC prevention and diagnosis, over 50% of patients are diagnosed at Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage B or C. Systemic therapies are recommended for unresectable HCC (uHCC) with major vascular invasion, extrahepatic metastases, or intrahepatic lesions that have a limited response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, but the treatment outcome tends to be unsatisfactory due to acquired drug resistance. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the resistance to systemic therapies and the appropriate response strategies to solve this issue will contribute to improved outcomes in the multidisciplinary treatment of uHCC. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the mechanisms of resistance to drugs such as sorafenib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib in molecularly targeted therapy, with a focus on epigenetic regulation and the tumor microenvironment and outline the approaches to improve the therapeutic outcome for patients with advanced HCC.
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21
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Yao M, Liang S, Cheng B. Role of exosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma and the regulation of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1110922. [PMID: 36733504 PMCID: PMC9886889 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1110922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually occurs on the basis of chronic liver inflammatory diseases and cirrhosis. The liver microenvironment plays a vital role in the tumor initiation and progression. Exosomes, which are nanometer-sized membrane vesicles are secreted by a number of cell types. Exosomes carry multiple proteins, DNAs and various forms of RNA, and are mediators of cell-cell communication and regulate the tumor microenvironment. In the recent decade, many studies have demonstrated that exosomes are involved in the communication between HCC cells and the stromal cells, including endothelial cells, macrophages, hepatic stellate cells and the immune cells, and serve as a regulator in the tumor proliferation and metastasis, immune evasion and immunotherapy. In addition, exosomes can also be used for the diagnosis and treatment HCC. They can potentially serve as specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and drug delivery vehicles of HCC. Chinese herbal medicine, which is widely used in the prevention and treatment of HCC in China, may regulate the release of exosomes and exosomes-mediated intercellular communication. In this review, we summarized the latest progresses on the role of the exosomes in the initiation, progression and treatment of HCC and the potential value of Traditional Chinese medicine in exosomes-mediated biological behaviors of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Yao
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Cheng
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China,Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University (The Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Binbin Cheng,
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22
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Resistance to Antiangiogenic Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Impact. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246245. [PMID: 36551730 PMCID: PMC9776845 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiangiogenic drugs were the only mainstay of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment from 2007 to 2017. However, primary or secondary resistance hampered their efficacy. Primary resistance could be due to different molecular and/or genetic characteristics of HCC and their knowledge would clarify the optimal treatment approach in each patient. Several molecular mechanisms responsible for secondary resistance have been discovered over the last few years; they represent potential targets for new specific drugs. In this light, the advent of checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been a new opportunity; however, their use has highlighted other issues: the vascular normalization compared to a vessel pruning to promote the delivery of an active cancer immunotherapy and the development of resistance to immunotherapy which leads to a better selection of patients as candidates for ICIs. Nevertheless, the combination of antiangiogenic therapy plus ICIs represents an intriguing approach with high potential to improve the survival of these patients. Waiting for results from ongoing clinical trials, this review depicts the current knowledge about the resistance to antiangiogenic drugs in HCC. It could also provide updated information to clinicians focusing on the most effective combinations or sequential approaches in this regard, based on molecular mechanisms.
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23
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Adnani L, Spinelli C, Tawil N, Rak J. Role of extracellular vesicles in cancer-specific interactions between tumour cells and the vasculature. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:196-213. [PMID: 36371024 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer progression impacts and exploits the vascular system in several highly consequential ways. Among different types of vascular cells, blood cells and mediators that are engaged in these processes, endothelial cells are at the centre of the underlying circuitry, as crucial constituents of angiogenesis, angiocrine stimulation, non-angiogenic vascular growth, interactions with the coagulation system and other responses. Tumour-vascular interactions involve soluble factors, extracellular matrix molecules, cell-cell contacts, as well as extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying assemblies of molecular effectors. Oncogenic mutations and transforming changes in the cancer cell genome, epigenome and signalling circuitry exert important and often cancer-specific influences upon pathways of tumour-vascular interactions, including the biogenesis, content, and biological activity of EVs and responses of cancer cells to them. Notably, EVs may carry and transfer bioactive, oncogenic macromolecules (oncoproteins, RNA, DNA) between tumour and vascular cells and thereby elicit unique functional changes and forms of vascular growth and remodeling. Cancer EVs influence the state of the vasculature both locally and systemically, as exemplified by cancer-associated thrombosis. EV-mediated communication pathways represent attractive targets for therapies aiming at modulation of the tumour-vascular interface (beyond angiogenesis) and could also be exploited for diagnostic purposes in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lata Adnani
- McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada
| | - Cristiana Spinelli
- McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada
| | - Nadim Tawil
- McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada
| | - Janusz Rak
- McGill University and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Canada; Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
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24
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Zhang J, Han H, Wang L, Wang W, Yang M, Qin Y. Overcoming the therapeutic resistance of hepatomas by targeting the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:988956. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.988956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the majority of primary liver cancers and is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Multifactorial drug resistance is regarded as the major cause of treatment failure in HCC. Accumulating evidence shows that the constituents of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor vasculature, immune cells, physical factors, cytokines, and exosomes may explain the therapeutic resistance mechanisms in HCC. In recent years, anti-angiogenic drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown satisfactory results in HCC patients. However, due to enhanced communication between the tumor and TME, the effect of heterogeneity of the microenvironment on therapeutic resistance is particularly complicated, which suggests a more challenging research direction. In addition, it has been reported that the three-dimensional (3D) organoid model derived from patient biopsies is more intuitive to fully understand the role of the TME in acquired resistance. Therefore, in this review, we have focused not only on the mechanisms and targets of therapeutic resistance related to the contents of the TME in HCC but also provide a comprehensive description of 3D models and how they contribute to the exploration of HCC therapies.
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25
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Latacz E, Höppener D, Bohlok A, Leduc S, Tabariès S, Fernández Moro C, Lugassy C, Nyström H, Bozóky B, Floris G, Geyer N, Brodt P, Llado L, Van Mileghem L, De Schepper M, Majeed AW, Lazaris A, Dirix P, Zhang Q, Petrillo SK, Vankerckhove S, Joye I, Meyer Y, Gregorieff A, Roig NR, Vidal-Vanaclocha F, Denis L, Oliveira RC, Metrakos P, Grünhagen DJ, Nagtegaal ID, Mollevi DG, Jarnagin WR, D’Angelica MI, Reynolds AR, Doukas M, Desmedt C, Dirix L, Donckier V, Siegel PM, Barnhill R, Gerling M, Verhoef C, Vermeulen PB. Histopathological growth patterns of liver metastasis: updated consensus guidelines for pattern scoring, perspectives and recent mechanistic insights. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:988-1013. [PMID: 35650276 PMCID: PMC9470557 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The first consensus guidelines for scoring the histopathological growth patterns (HGPs) of liver metastases were established in 2017. Since then, numerous studies have applied these guidelines, have further substantiated the potential clinical value of the HGPs in patients with liver metastases from various tumour types and are starting to shed light on the biology of the distinct HGPs. In the present guidelines, we give an overview of these studies, discuss novel strategies for predicting the HGPs of liver metastases, such as deep-learning algorithms for whole-slide histopathology images and medical imaging, and highlight liver metastasis animal models that exhibit features of the different HGPs. Based on a pooled analysis of large cohorts of patients with liver-metastatic colorectal cancer, we propose a new cut-off to categorise patients according to the HGPs. An up-to-date standard method for HGP assessment within liver metastases is also presented with the aim of incorporating HGPs into the decision-making processes surrounding the treatment of patients with liver-metastatic cancer. Finally, we propose hypotheses on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive the biology of the different HGPs, opening some exciting preclinical and clinical research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Latacz
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Iridium Netwerk and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Diederik Höppener
- grid.508717.c0000 0004 0637 3764Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ali Bohlok
- grid.418119.40000 0001 0684 291XDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophia Leduc
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Tabariès
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Carlos Fernández Moro
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden ,grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Claire Lugassy
- grid.418596.70000 0004 0639 6384Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Hanna Nyström
- grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Béla Bozóky
- grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research and University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.410569.f0000 0004 0626 3338Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalie Geyer
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pnina Brodt
- grid.63984.300000 0000 9064 4811Department of Surgery, Oncology and Medicine, McGill University and the Research Institute, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Laura Llado
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257HBP and Liver Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Laura Van Mileghem
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Iridium Netwerk and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maxim De Schepper
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ali W. Majeed
- grid.31410.370000 0000 9422 8284Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anthoula Lazaris
- grid.63984.300000 0000 9064 4811Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Piet Dirix
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Iridium Netwerk and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Qianni Zhang
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stéphanie K. Petrillo
- grid.63984.300000 0000 9064 4811Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Sophie Vankerckhove
- grid.418119.40000 0001 0684 291XDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ines Joye
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Iridium Netwerk and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yannick Meyer
- grid.508717.c0000 0004 0637 3764Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Gregorieff
- grid.63984.300000 0000 9064 4811Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Regenerative Medicine Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Nuria Ruiz Roig
- grid.411129.e0000 0000 8836 0780Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain ,grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Tumoral and Stromal Chemoresistance Group, Oncobell Program, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain ,grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha
- grid.253615.60000 0004 1936 9510GWU-Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Larsimont Denis
- grid.418119.40000 0001 0684 291XDepartment of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rui Caetano Oliveira
- grid.28911.330000000106861985Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal ,grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal ,grid.8051.c0000 0000 9511 4342Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Peter Metrakos
- grid.63984.300000 0000 9064 4811Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Dirk J. Grünhagen
- grid.508717.c0000 0004 0637 3764Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris D. Nagtegaal
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - David G. Mollevi
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Tumoral and Stromal Chemoresistance Group, Oncobell Program, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain ,grid.418701.b0000 0001 2097 8389Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut Català d’Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - William R. Jarnagin
- grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Michael I D’Angelica
- grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Andrew R. Reynolds
- grid.417815.e0000 0004 5929 4381Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michail Doukas
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Desmedt
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Dirix
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Iridium Netwerk and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent Donckier
- grid.418119.40000 0001 0684 291XDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter M. Siegel
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, Anatomy & Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Raymond Barnhill
- grid.418596.70000 0004 0639 6384Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, Paris, France ,Université de Paris l’UFR de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Marco Gerling
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden ,grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Cornelis Verhoef
- grid.508717.c0000 0004 0637 3764Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter B. Vermeulen
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals, Iridium Netwerk and University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors promotes renal cancer progression through MCPIP1 tumor-suppressor downregulation and c-Met activation. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:814. [PMID: 36138026 PMCID: PMC9500022 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the most commonly used targeted therapeutics in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); however, drug resistance limits their utility and can lead to tumor "flare-up" and progression. In this study, we show that RCC resistance to sunitinib and sorafenib involves different mechanisms and leads to increased malignancy. Sunitinib decreased tumor growth and cell motility along with increased E-cadherin expression and secretion of the proangiogenic cytokines IL6 and IL8, which activated senescence in ccRCC cells and led to VE-cadherin phosphorylation, enhancing tumor angiogenesis. Sorafenib resistance increased the levels of mesenchymal markers and the secretion of MMP9, which cleaved VE-cadherin and disrupted endothelial cell integrity. Both sunitinib resistance and sorafenib resistance led to activation of the c-Met receptor IRAK1 and downregulation of the tumor suppressor MCPIP1, resulting in an increase in the metastasis of resistant cells, possibly due in part to enhanced vascularization of ccRCC. MCPIP1 overexpression partially overcame resistance to these drugs by decreasing micrometastasis and decreasing the expression of factors involved in tumorigenesis. In tumor samples from ccRCC patients, we observed a significant increase in the level of the c-Met receptor, IRAK1 and a decrease in MCPIP1 with respect to normal kidney tissue. Our results indicate separate novel mechanisms for sunitinib and sorafenib resistance, which both lead to MCPIP1 inhibition and ccRCC progression. The presented study suggests caution in the treatment of RCC with TKIs, which may lead to the unintended outcome of tumor progression.
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27
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Cuypers A, Truong ACK, Becker LM, Saavedra-García P, Carmeliet P. Tumor vessel co-option: The past & the future. Front Oncol 2022; 12:965277. [PMID: 36119528 PMCID: PMC9472251 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.965277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor vessel co-option (VCO) is a non-angiogenic vascularization mechanism that is a possible cause of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT). Multiple tumors are hypothesized to primarily rely on growth factor signaling-induced sprouting angiogenesis, which is often inhibited during AAT. During VCO however, tumors invade healthy tissues by hijacking pre-existing blood vessels of the host organ to secure their blood and nutrient supply. Although VCO has been described in the context of AAT resistance, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process and the profile and characteristics of co-opted vascular cell types (endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes) remain poorly understood, resulting in the lack of therapeutic strategies to inhibit VCO (and to overcome AAT resistance). In the past few years, novel next-generation technologies (such as single-cell RNA sequencing) have emerged and revolutionized the way of analyzing and understanding cancer biology. While most studies utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing with focus on cancer vascularization have centered around ECs during sprouting angiogenesis, we propose that this and other novel technologies can be used in future investigations to shed light on tumor EC biology during VCO. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms driving VCO known to date and introduce the models used to study this phenomenon to date. We highlight VCO studies that recently emerged using sequencing approaches and propose how these and other novel state-of-the-art methods can be used in the future to further explore ECs and other cell types in the VCO process and to identify potential vulnerabilities in tumors relying on VCO. A better understanding of VCO by using novel approaches could provide new answers to the many open questions, and thus pave the way to develop new strategies to control and target tumor vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Cuypers
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) and Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anh-Co Khanh Truong
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) and Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lisa M. Becker
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) and Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paula Saavedra-García
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) and Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Peter Carmeliet,
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28
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Ileiwat ZE, Tabish TA, Zinovkin DA, Yuzugulen J, Arghiani N, Pranjol MZI. The mechanistic immunosuppressive role of the tumour vasculature and potential nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:976677. [PMID: 36045675 PMCID: PMC9423123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.976677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour vasculature is well-established to display irregular structure and hierarchy that is conducive to promoting tumour growth and metastasis while maintaining immunosuppression. As tumours grow, their metabolic rate increases while their distance from blood vessels furthers, generating a hypoxic and acidic tumour microenvironment. Consequently, cancer cells upregulate the expression of pro-angiogenic factors which propagate aberrant blood vessel formation. This generates atypical vascular features that reduce chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy efficacy. Therefore, the development of therapies aiming to restore the vasculature to a functional state remains a necessary research target. Many anti-angiogenic therapies aim to target this such as bevacizumab or sunitinib but have shown variable efficacy in solid tumours due to intrinsic or acquired resistance. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies such as combination therapies and nanotechnology-mediated therapies may provide alternatives to overcoming the barriers generated by the tumour vasculature. This review summarises the mechanisms that induce abnormal tumour angiogenesis and how the vasculature’s features elicit immunosuppression. Furthermore, the review explores examples of treatment regiments that target the tumour vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Elias Ileiwat
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Tanveer A. Tabish
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jale Yuzugulen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus
| | - Nahid Arghiani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Nahid Arghiani, ; Md Zahidul I. Pranjol,
| | - Md Zahidul I. Pranjol
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Nahid Arghiani, ; Md Zahidul I. Pranjol,
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29
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Kong BT, Fan QS, Wang XM, Zhang Q, Zhang GL. Clinical implications and mechanism of histopathological growth pattern in colorectal cancer liver metastases. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3101-3115. [PMID: 36051338 PMCID: PMC9331533 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i26.3101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver is the most common site of metastases of colorectal cancer, and liver metastases present with distinct histopathological growth patterns (HGPs), including desmoplastic, pushing and replacement HGPs and two rare HGPs. HGP is a miniature of tumor-host reaction and reflects tumor biology and pathological features as well as host immune dynamics. Many studies have revealed the association of HGPs with carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, and clinical outcomes and indicates HGP functions as bond between microscopic characteristics and clinical implications. These findings make HGP a candidate marker in risk stratification and guiding treatment decision-making, and a target of imaging observation for patient screening. Of note, it is crucial to determine the underlying mechanism shaping HGP, for instance, immune infiltration and extracellular matrix remodeling in desmoplastic HGP, and aggressive characteristics and special vascularization in replacement HGP (rHGP). We highlight the importance of aggressive features, vascularization, host immune and organ structure in formation of HGP, hence propose a novel "advance under camouflage" hypothesis to explain the formation of rHGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Tan Kong
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
- School of Graduates, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Fan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Gan-Lin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
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30
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Huang M, Lin Y, Wang C, Deng L, Chen M, Assaraf YG, Chen ZS, Ye W, Zhang D. New insights into antiangiogenic therapy resistance in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutic aspects. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 64:100849. [PMID: 35842983 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and is required for tumor growth and progression. Antiangiogenic therapy has been revolutionarily developing and was approved for the treatment of various types of cancer for nearly two decades, among which bevacizumab and sorafenib continue to be the two most frequently used antiangiogenic drugs. Although antiangiogenic therapy has brought substantial survival benefits to many cancer patients, resistance to antiangiogenic drugs frequently occurs during clinical treatment, leading to poor outcomes and treatment failure. Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that the intricate interplay among tumor cells, bone marrow-derived cells, and local stromal cells critically allows for tumor escape from antiangiogenic therapy. Currently, drug resistance has become the main challenge that hinders the therapeutic efficacies of antiangiogenic therapy. In this review, we describe and summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms conferring tumor drug resistance to antiangiogenic therapy, which was predominantly associated with redundancy in angiogenic signaling molecules (e.g., VEGFs, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and IL17), alterations in biological processes of tumor cells (e.g., tumor invasiveness and metastasis, stemness, autophagy, metabolic reprogramming, vessel co-option, and vasculogenic mimicry), increased recruitment of bone marrow-derived cells (e.g., myeloid-derived suppressive cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and tumor-associated neutrophils), and changes in the biological functions and features of local stromal cells (e.g., pericytes, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and endothelial cells). We also review potential biomarkers to predict the response to antiangiogenic therapy in cancer patients, which mainly consist of imaging biomarkers, cellular and extracellular proteins, a certain type of bone marrow-derived cells, local stromal cell content (e.g., pericyte coverage) as well as serum or plasma biomarkers (e.g., non-coding RNAs). Finally, we highlight the recent advances in combination strategies with the aim of enhancing the response to antiangiogenic therapy in cancer patients and mouse models. This review introduces a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms and biomarkers associated with the evasion of antiangiogenic therapy in cancer, providing an outlook for developing more effective approaches to promote the therapeutic efficacy of antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohua Huang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuning Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chenran Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Minfeng Chen
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Wencai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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31
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Li X, Li M, Huang M, Lin Q, Fang Q, Liu J, Chen X, Liu L, Zhan X, Shan H, Lu D, Li Q, Li Z, Zhu X. The multi-molecular mechanisms of tumor-targeted drug resistance in precision medicine. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113064. [PMID: 35658234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically, cancer drug therapy is still dominated by chemotherapy drugs. Although the emergence of targeted drugs has greatly improved the survival rate of patients with advanced cancer, drug resistance has always been a difficult problem in clinical cancer treatment. At the current level of medicine, most drugs cannot escape the fate of drug resistance. With the emergence and development of gene detection, liquid biopsy ctDNA technology, and single-cell sequencing technology, the molecular mechanism of tumor drug resistance has gradually emerged. Drugs can also be updated in response to drug resistance mechanisms and bring higher survival benefits. The use of new drugs often leads to new mechanisms of resistance. In this review, the multi-molecular mechanisms of drug resistance are introduced, and the overcoming of drug resistance is discussed from the perspective of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mingdong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Meiying Huang
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qianyi Lin
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qiuping Fang
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianjiang Liu
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xuliang Zhan
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huisi Shan
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Deshuai Lu
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qinlan Li
- Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zesong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xiao Zhu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
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32
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Rada M, Kapelanski-Lamoureux A, Tsamchoe M, Petrillo S, Lazaris A, Metrakos P. Angiopoietin-1 Upregulates Cancer Cell Motility in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases through Actin-Related Protein 2/3. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2540. [PMID: 35626145 PMCID: PMC9139616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy is a major challenge in the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLMs). Vessel co-option has been identified as a key contributor to anti-angiogenic therapy resistance in CRCLMs. Recently, we identified a positive correlation between the expression of Angiopoietin1 (Ang1) in the liver and the development of vessel co-opting CRCLM lesions in vivo. However, the mechanisms underlying its stimulation of vessel co-option are unclear. Herein, we demonstrated Ang1 as a positive regulator of actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) expression in cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, which is known to be essential for the formation of vessel co-option in CRCLM. Significantly, Ang1-dependent ARP2/3 expression was impaired in the cancer cells upon Tie2 or PI3K/AKT inhibition in vitro. Taken together, our results suggest novel mechanisms by which Ang1 confers the development of vessel co-option in CRCLM, which, targeting this pathway, may serve as promising therapeutic targets to overcome the development of vessel co-option in CRCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Rada
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (A.K.-L.); (M.T.); (S.P.); (A.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Metrakos
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada; (A.K.-L.); (M.T.); (S.P.); (A.L.)
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33
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Role of Anti-Angiogenic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer: A Review of Therapeutic Potential. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 236:153956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Ribatti D, Pezzella F. Vascular Co-Option and Other Alternative Modalities of Growth of Tumor Vasculature in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:874554. [PMID: 35433447 PMCID: PMC9005970 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.874554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-angiogenic tumors grow in the absence of angiogenesis by two main mechanisms: cancer cells infiltrating and occupying the normal tissues to exploit pre-existing vessels (vascular co-option); the cancer cells themselves forms channels able to provide blood flow (the so called vasculogenic mimicry). In the original work on vascular co-option initiated by Francesco Pezzella, the non-angiogenic cancer cells were described as “exploiting” pre-existing vessels. Vascular co-option has been described in primary and secondary (metastatic) sites. Vascular co-option is defined as a process in which tumor cells interact with and exploit the pre-existing vasculature of the normal tissue in which they grow. As part of this process, cancer cells first migrate toward vessels of the primary tumor, or extravasate at a metastatic site and rest along the ab-luminal vascular surface. The second hallmark of vascular co-option is the interaction of cancer cells with the ab-luminal vascular surface. The first evidence for this was provided in a rat C6 glioblastoma model, showing that the initial tumor growth phase was not always avascular as these initial tumors can be vascularized by pre-existing vessels. The aim of this review article is to analyze together with vascular co-option, other alternative mode of vascularization occurring in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), including vasculogenic mimicry, angiotropism and trans-differentiation of glioblastoma stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pezzella
- Nuffield Division of Laboratory Science, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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35
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Tian Y, Lei Y, Fu Y, Sun H, Wang J, Xia F. Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:454-462. [PMID: 35362393 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220330151725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death, which can be attributed to the high incidence and first diagnosis at an advanced stage. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a class of small-molecule targeting drugs, are primarily used for the clinical treatment of HCC after chemotherapy because they show significant clinical efficacy and low incidence of clinical adverse reactions. However, resistance to sorafenib and other TKIs, which can be used to treat advanced HCC, poses a significant challenge. Recent mechanistic studies have shown that epithelial-mesenchymal transition or transformation (EMT), ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters, hypoxia, autophagy, and angiogenesis are involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis, HCC cell proliferation, and TKI resistance in patients with HCC. Exploring and overcoming such resistance mechanisms is essential to extend the therapeutic benefits of TKIs to patients with TKI-resistant HCC. This review aims to summarize the potential resistance mechanism proposed in recent years and methods to reverse TKI resistance in the context of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated to AMU (Southwest Hospital), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yongrong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated to AMU (Southwest Hospital), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuna Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Feng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated to AMU (Southwest Hospital), Chongqing, 400038, China
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36
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Senchukova MA. Issues of origin, morphology and clinical significance of tumor microvessels in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:8262-8282. [PMID: 35068869 PMCID: PMC8717017 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i48.8262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a serious oncological problem, ranking third in the structure of mortality from malignant neoplasms. Improving treatment outcomes for this pathology largely depends on understanding the pathogenesis and biological characteristics of GC, including the identification and characterization of diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers. It is known that the main cause of death from malignant neoplasms and GC, in particular, is tumor metastasis. Given that angiogenesis is a critical process for tumor growth and metastasis, it is now considered an important marker of disease prognosis and sensitivity to anticancer therapy. In the presented review, modern concepts of the mechanisms of tumor vessel formation and the peculiarities of their morphology are considered; data on numerous factors influencing the formation of tumor microvessels and their role in GC progression are summarized; and various approaches to the classification of tumor vessels, as well as the methods for assessing angiogenesis activity in a tumor, are highlighted. Here, results from studies on the prognostic and predictive significance of tumor microvessels in GC are also discussed, and a new classification of tumor microvessels in GC, based on their morphology and clinical significance, is proposed for consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Senchukova
- Department of Oncology, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg 460021, Russia
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37
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Harry JA, Ormiston ML. Novel Pathways for Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:772305. [PMID: 34926282 PMCID: PMC8678517 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.772305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women and is the second leading cause of cancer related death worldwide. Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel development from pre-existing vasculature, has been implicated in the growth, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Tumor angiogenesis has been explored as a key therapeutic target for decades, as the blockade of this process holds the potential to reduce the oxygen and nutrient supplies that are required for tumor growth. However, many existing anti-angiogenic approaches, such as those targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Notch, and Angiopoietin signaling, have been associated with severe side-effects, limited survival advantage, and enhanced cancer regrowth rates. To address these setbacks, alternative pathways involved in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis are being explored, including those involving Bone Morphogenetic Protein-9 signaling, the Sonic Hedgehog pathway, Cyclooxygenase-2, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Chemokine Ligand 18. This review article will introduce the concept of tumor angiogenesis in the context of breast cancer, followed by an overview of current anti-angiogenic therapies, associated resistance mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A Harry
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mark L Ormiston
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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38
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D’Andrea MR, Cereda V, Coppola L, Giordano G, Remo A, De Santis E. Propensity for Early Metastatic Spread in Breast Cancer: Role of Tumor Vascularization Features and Tumor Immune Infiltrate. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13235917. [PMID: 34885027 PMCID: PMC8657227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and highly heterogeneous disease consisting of various subtypes. It is classified into human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER-2)-enriched, luminal A, luminal B and basal-like/triple negative (TNBC) breast cancer, based on histological and molecular features. At present, clinical decision-making in breast cancer is focused only on the assessment of tumor cells; nevertheless, it has been recognized that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical biologic role in breast cancer. This is constituted by a large group of immune and non-immune cells, but also by non-cellular components, such as several cytokines. TME is deeply involved in angiogenesis, immune-evasion strategies, and propensity for early metastatic spread, impacting on prognosis and prediction of response to specific treatments. In this review, we focused our attention on the early morphological changes of tumor microenvironment (tumor vasculature features, presence of immune and non-immune cells infiltrating the stroma, levels of cytokines) during breast cancer development. At the same time, we correlate these characteristics with early metastatic propensity (defined as synchronous metastasis or early recurrence) with particular attention to breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rosario D’Andrea
- Clinical Oncology Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Largo Donatori del Sangue 1, Civitavecchia, 00053 Rome, Italy;
| | - Vittore Cereda
- Clinical Oncology Unit, San Paolo Hospital, Largo Donatori del Sangue 1, Civitavecchia, 00053 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-07-6659-1230
| | - Luigi Coppola
- Unit of Anatomy, Pathological Histology and Diagnostic Cytology, Department of Diagnostic and Pharma-Ceutical Services, Sandro Pertini Hospital, 00157 Rome, Italy;
| | - Guido Giordano
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Biomolecular Therapy, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Policlinico Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Remo
- Pathology Unit, Mater Salutis Hospital, ULSS9, Legnago, 37045 Verona, Italy;
| | - Elena De Santis
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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The emerging roles of circular RNAs in vessel co-option and vasculogenic mimicry: clinical insights for anti-angiogenic therapy in cancers. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 41:173-191. [PMID: 34664157 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Unexpected resistance to anti-angiogenic treatment prompted the investigation of non-angiogenic tumor processes. Vessel co-option (VC) and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) are recognized as primary non-angiogenic mechanisms. In VC, cancer cells utilize pre-existing blood vessels for support, whereas in VM, cancer cells channel and provide blood flow to rapidly growing tumors. Both processes have been implicated in the development of tumor and resistance to anti-angiogenic drugs in many tumor types. The morphology, but rare molecular alterations have been investigated in VC and VM. There is a pressing need to better understand the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. Here, we review the emerging circular RNA (circRNA)-mediated regulation of non-angiogenic processes, VC and VM.
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40
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Rada M, Kapelanski-Lamoureux A, Petrillo S, Tabariès S, Siegel P, Reynolds AR, Lazaris A, Metrakos P. Runt related transcription factor-1 plays a central role in vessel co-option of colorectal cancer liver metastases. Commun Biol 2021; 4:950. [PMID: 34376784 PMCID: PMC8355374 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM) has two major histopathological growth patterns: angiogenic desmoplastic and non-angiogenic replacement. The replacement lesions obtain their blood supply through vessel co-option, wherein the cancer cells hijack pre-existing blood vessels of the surrounding liver tissue. Consequentially, anti-angiogenic therapies are less efficacious in CRCLM patients with replacement lesions. However, the mechanisms which drive vessel co-option in the replacement lesions are unknown. Here, we show that Runt Related Transcription Factor-1 (RUNX1) overexpression in the cancer cells of the replacement lesions drives cancer cell motility via ARP2/3 to achieve vessel co-option. Furthermore, overexpression of RUNX1 in the cancer cells is mediated by Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 (TGFβ1) and thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). Importantly, RUNX1 knockdown impaired the metastatic capability of colorectal cancer cells in vivo and induced the development of angiogenic lesions in liver. Our results confirm that RUNX1 may be a potential target to overcome vessel co-option in CRCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Rada
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Stephanie Petrillo
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Tabariès
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Siegel
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Anthoula Lazaris
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Metrakos
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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41
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Rosińska S, Gavard J. Tumor Vessels Fuel the Fire in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6514. [PMID: 34204510 PMCID: PMC8235363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a subset of aggressive brain tumors, deploy several means to increase blood vessel supply dedicated to the tumor mass. This includes typical program borrowed from embryonic development, such as vasculogenesis and sprouting angiogenesis, as well as unconventional processes, including co-option, vascular mimicry, and transdifferentiation, in which tumor cells are pro-actively engaged. However, these neo-generated vascular networks are morphologically and functionally abnormal, suggesting that the vascularization processes are rather inefficient in the tumor ecosystem. In this review, we reiterate the specificities of each neovascularization modality in glioblastoma, and, how they can be hampered mechanistically in the perspective of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rosińska
- CRCINA, Inserm, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Julie Gavard
- CRCINA, Inserm, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France;
- Integrated Center for Oncology, ICO, 44800 St. Herblain, France
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Teuwen LA, De Rooij LPMH, Cuypers A, Rohlenova K, Dumas SJ, García-Caballero M, Meta E, Amersfoort J, Taverna F, Becker LM, Veiga N, Cantelmo AR, Geldhof V, Conchinha NV, Kalucka J, Treps L, Conradi LC, Khan S, Karakach TK, Soenen S, Vinckier S, Schoonjans L, Eelen G, Van Laere S, Dewerchin M, Dirix L, Mazzone M, Luo Y, Vermeulen P, Carmeliet P. Tumor vessel co-option probed by single-cell analysis. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109253. [PMID: 34133923 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor vessel co-option is poorly understood, yet it is a resistance mechanism against anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT). The heterogeneity of co-opted endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes, co-opting cancer and myeloid cells in tumors growing via vessel co-option, has not been investigated at the single-cell level. Here, we use a murine AAT-resistant lung tumor model, in which VEGF-targeting induces vessel co-option for continued growth. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of 31,964 cells reveals, unexpectedly, a largely similar transcriptome of co-opted tumor ECs (TECs) and pericytes as their healthy counterparts. Notably, we identify cell types that might contribute to vessel co-option, i.e., an invasive cancer-cell subtype, possibly assisted by a matrix-remodeling macrophage population, and another M1-like macrophage subtype, possibly involved in keeping or rendering vascular cells quiescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Anne Teuwen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp 2610, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Laura P M H De Rooij
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Anne Cuypers
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Katerina Rohlenova
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Sébastien J Dumas
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Melissa García-Caballero
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Elda Meta
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jacob Amersfoort
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Federico Taverna
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lisa M Becker
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Nuphar Veiga
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Anna Rita Cantelmo
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Vincent Geldhof
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Nadine V Conchinha
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Joanna Kalucka
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lucas Treps
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Shawez Khan
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Tobias K Karakach
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Soenen
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Stefan Vinckier
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Luc Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Steven Van Laere
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp 2610, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Luc Dirix
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp 2610, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, CCB, VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Yonglun Luo
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark; Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao 266555, P.R. China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, P.R. China.
| | - Peter Vermeulen
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp 2610, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2000, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China; Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
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27-Hydroxycholesterol is a specific factor in the neoplastic microenvironment of HCC that causes MDR via GRP75 regulation of the redox balance and metabolic reprogramming. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:311-324. [PMID: 33880675 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Due to the tissue specificity of the liver, long-term exposure to a high concentration of 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) is a special characteristic of the tumour microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, what occurs after HCC cells are long-term exposure to 27HC and the molecular mechanisms involved remain largely unexamined. METHODS A long-term 27HC-treated HepG2 cell line and the xenografts in nude mice were used as experimental models. Molecular mechanisms were investigated using bioinformatics analysis and molecular biological experiments. RESULTS Here, we found that by inducing an increase in oxidative stress signalling, 27HC activated glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75). On the one hand, GRP75 resulted in a change in the redox balance by regulating ROS generation and antioxidant system activity via affecting MMP, NRF2, HO-1, and NQO1 levels. On the other hand, GRP75 modified the metabolic reprogramming process by regulating key factors (HIF-1α, p-Akt, and c-myc) and glucose uptake, facilitating HCC cell growth in the inhospitable microenvironment. These two factors caused HCC cells to resist 27HC-induced cytotoxicity and attain multidrug resistance (MDR). CONCLUSIONS Our present study not only identified 27HC, a characteristic component of the neoplastic microenvironment of HCC that causes MDR via GRP75 to regulate the redox balance and metabolic reprogramming, but also revealed that targeted intervention by the "switch"-like molecule GRP75 could reverse the effect of 27HC from cancer promotion to cytotoxicity in HCC, suggesting a new strategy for specific intervention of HCC.
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Alternative Vascularization Mechanisms in Tumor Resistance to Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081912. [PMID: 33921099 PMCID: PMC8071410 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumors rely on blood vessels to grow and metastasize. Malignant tumors can employ different strategies to create a functional vascular network. Tumor cells can use normal processes of vessel formation but can also employ cancer-specific mechanisms, by co-opting normal vessels present in tissues or by turning themselves into vascular cells. These different types of tumor vessels have specific molecular and functional characteristics that profoundly affect tumor behavior and response to therapies, including drugs targeting the tumor vasculature (antiangiogenic therapies). In this review, we discuss how vessels formed by different mechanisms affect the intrinsic sensitivity of tumors to therapy and, on the other hand, how therapies can affect tumor vessel formation, leading to resistance to drugs, cancer recurrence, and treatment failure. Potential strategies to avoid vessel-mediated resistance to antineoplastic therapies will be discussed. Abstract Blood vessels in tumors are formed through a variety of different mechanisms, each generating vessels with peculiar structural, molecular, and functional properties. This heterogeneity has a major impact on tumor response or resistance to antineoplastic therapies and is now emerging as a promising target for strategies to prevent drug resistance and improve the distribution and efficacy of antineoplastic treatments. This review presents evidence of how different mechanisms of tumor vessel formation (vasculogenesis, glomeruloid proliferation, intussusceptive angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry, and vessel co-option) affect tumor responses to antiangiogenic and antineoplastic therapies, but also how therapies can promote alternative mechanisms of vessel formation, contributing to tumor recurrence, malignant progression, and acquired drug resistance. We discuss the possibility of tailoring treatment strategies to overcome vasculature-mediated drug resistance or to improve drug distribution and efficacy.
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Haas G, Fan S, Ghadimi M, De Oliveira T, Conradi LC. Different Forms of Tumor Vascularization and Their Clinical Implications Focusing on Vessel Co-option in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:612774. [PMID: 33912554 PMCID: PMC8072376 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.612774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern anti-cancer therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) the anti-angiogenic treatment targeting sprouting angiogenesis is firmly established for more than a decade. However, its clinical benefits still remain limited. As liver metastases (LM) represent the most common metastatic site of colorectal cancer and affect approximately one-quarter of the patients diagnosed with this malignancy, its treatment is an essential aspect for patients' prognosis. Especially in the perioperative setting, the application of anti-angiogenic drugs represents a therapeutic option that may be used in case of high-risk or borderline resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) in order to achieve secondary resectability. Regarding CRCLM, one reason for the limitations of anti-angiogenic treatment may be represented by vessel co-option (VCO), which is an alternative mechanism of blood supply that differs fundamentally from the well-known sprouting angiogenesis and occurs in a significant fraction of CRCLM. In this scenario, tumor cells hijack pre-existing mature vessels of the host organ independently from stimulating new vessels formation. This represents an escape mechanism from common anti-angiogenic anti-cancer treatments, as they primarily target the main trigger of sprouting angiogenesis, the vascular endothelial growth factor A. Moreover, the mechanism of blood supply in CRCLM can be deduced from their phenotypic histopathological growth pattern (HGP). For that, a specific guideline has already been implemented. These HGP vary not only regarding their blood supply, but also concerning their tumor microenvironment (TME), as notable differences in immune cell infiltration and desmoplastic reaction surrounding the CRCLM can be observed. The latter actually serves as one of the central criteria for the classification of the HGP. Regarding the clinically relevant effects of the HGP, it is still a topic of research whether the VCO-subgroup of CRCLM results in an impaired treatment response to anti-angiogenic treatment when compared to an angiogenic subgroup. However, it is well-proved, that VCO in CRCLM generally relates to an inferior survival compared to the angiogenic subgroup. Altogether the different types of blood supply result in a relevant influence on the patients' prognosis. This reinforces the need of an extended understanding of the underlying mechanisms of VCO in CRCLM with the aim to generate more comprehensive approaches which can target tumor vessels alternatively or even other components of the TME. This review aims to augment the current state of knowledge on VCO in CRCLM and other tumor entities and its impact on anti-angiogenic anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn Haas
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shuang Fan
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tiago De Oliveira
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Modulation of the Vascular-Immune Environment in Metastatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040810. [PMID: 33671981 PMCID: PMC7919367 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced metastatic cancer is rarely curable. While immunotherapy has changed the oncological landscape profoundly, cure in metastatic disease remains the exception. Tumor blood vessels are crucial regulators of tumor perfusion, immune cell influx and metastatic dissemination. Indeed, vascular hyperpermeability is a key feature of primary tumors, the pre-metastatic niche in host tissue and overt metastases at secondary sites. Combining anti-angiogenesis and immune therapies may therefore unlock synergistic effects by inducing a stabilized vascular network permissive for effector T cell trafficking and function. However, anti-angiogenesis therapies, as currently applied, are hampered by intrinsic or adaptive resistance mechanisms at primary and distant tumor sites. In particular, heterogeneous vascular and immune environments which can arise in metastatic lesions of the same individual pose significant challenges for currently approved drugs. Thus, more consideration needs to be given to tailoring new combinations of vascular and immunotherapies, including dosage and timing regimens to specific disease microenvironments.
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Lim H, Ramjeesingh R, Liu D, Tam VC, Knox JJ, Card PB, Meyers BM. Optimizing Survival and the Changing Landscape of Targeted Therapy for Intermediate and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 113:123-136. [PMID: 32898239 PMCID: PMC7850551 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djaa119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) consisting of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib has remained unchanged for over a decade, although results from phase III targeted therapy trials have recently emerged. This review considers available phase III evidence on the use and sequencing of targeted therapy for intermediate and advanced non-locoregional therapy (LRT) eligible HCC and discusses implications for clinical practice. METHODS Published and presented literature on phase III data reporting on targeted therapy for advanced HCC that was not eligible for loco-regional therapies was identified using the key search terms "hepatocellular cancer" AND "advanced" AND "targeted therapy" AND "phase III" OR respective aliases (PRISMA). RESULTS Ten phase III trials assessed targeted therapy first-line and eight following sorafenib. In the first-line, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab statistically significantly improved overall survival (OS) and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) compared with sorafenib, while lenvatinib demonstrated non-inferior OS. Following progression on sorafenib, statistically significant OS improvements over placebo were seen for cabozantinib and regorafenib in unselected patients and for ramucirumab in those with baseline α-fetoprotein≥400 ng/mL. Based on improved OS and PROs, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab appears to be a preferred first-line treatment option for intermediate or advanced non-LRT eligible HCC. Phase III data informing sequencing of later lines of treatment is lacking. Therefore, sequencing principles are proposed that can be used to guide treatment selection. CONCLUSIONS Ongoing trials will continue to inform optimal therapy. Multiple targeted therapies have improved OS in intermediate or advanced non-LRT eligible HCC, although optimal sequencing is an area of ongoing investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer - Vancouver Site, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ravi Ramjeesingh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Dave Liu
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Vincent C Tam
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer J Knox
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul B Card
- Kaleidoscope Strategic, Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brandon M Meyers
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtian Su
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Hai-liang Zhu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Yongfang Yao
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
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Ultrasound. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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50
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Zeng Y, Fu BM. Resistance Mechanisms of Anti-angiogenic Therapy and Exosomes-Mediated Revascularization in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:610661. [PMID: 33363174 PMCID: PMC7755714 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.610661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapies (AATs) have been widely used for cancer treatment. But the beneficial effects of AATs are short, because AAT-induced tumor revascularization facilitates the tumor relapse. In this mini-review, we described different forms of tumor neovascularization and revascularization including sprouting angiogenesis, vessel co-option, intussusceptive angiogenesis, and vasculogenic mimicry, all of which are closely mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietins, matrix metalloproteinases, and exosomes. We also summarized the current findings for the resistance mechanisms of AATs including enhancement in pro-angiogenic cytokines, heterogeneity in tumor-associated endothelial cells (ECs), crosstalk between tumor cells and ECs, masking of extracellular vesicles, matrix stiffness and contributions from fibroblasts, macrophages and adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment. We highlighted the revascularization following AATs, particularly the role of exosome stimulating factors such as hypoxia and miRNA, and that of exosomal cargos such as cytokines, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs from the tumor ECs in angiogenesis and revascularization. Finally, we proposed that renormalization of tumor ECs would be a more efficient cancer therapy than the current AATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bingmei M. Fu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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