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Pan C, Li X, Jian C, Zhou Y, Wang A, Xiao D, Zhan J, He L. AhGSNOR1 negatively regulates Al-induced programmed cell death by regulating intracellular NO and redox levels. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 349:112275. [PMID: 39341375 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The toxicity of aluminum (Al) in acidic soil inhibits plant development and reduces crop yields. Programmed cell death (PCD) is one of the important mechanisms in the plant response to Al toxicity. However, it is yet unknown if S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) provides Al-PCD. Here, transcription and protein expression of AhGSNOR1 were both induced by Al stress. AhGSNOR1-overexpressing transgenic tobacco plants reduced Al-induced nitric oxide (NO) and S-nitrosothiol accumulation, the inhibitory effect of Al stress on root elongation and the degree of cell death, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity to effectively remove hydrogen peroxide. In addition, AhGSNOR1 directly interacted with AhTRXh in vivo. Expression of Trxh3 in AhGSNOR1-overexpressing transgenic plants was significantly upregulated, indicating that AhGSNOR1 positively regulated the transcriptional level of Trxh3. Together, these results suggested that AhGSNOR1 was a negative regulatory factor of Al-induced PCD and improved plant Al-tolerance by modulating intracellular NO and redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunliu Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530004, China; College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Changge Jian
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yunyi Zhou
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Longfei He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Products Safety, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Peng S, Liao L, Deng H, Liu X, Lin Q, Wu W. Alleviating Effect of Lipid Phytochemicals in Seed Oil ( Brassica napus L.) on Oxidative Stress Injury Induced by H 2O 2 in HepG2 Cells via Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2024; 16:2820. [PMID: 39275137 PMCID: PMC11396941 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
α-tocopherol (α-T), β-sitosterol (β-S), canolol (CA), and sinapic acid (SA) are the four main endogenous lipid phytochemicals (LP) found in Brassica napus L. seed oil, which possess the bioactivity to prevent the risk of several chronic diseases via antioxidant-associated mechanisms. Discovering the enhancer effects or synergies between LP is valuable for resisting oxidative stress and improving health benefits. The objectives of this study were to identify a potentially efficacious LP combination by central composite design (CCD) and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) and to investigate its protective effect and potential mechanisms against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in HepG2 cells. Our results indicated that the optimal concentration of LP combination was α-T 10 μM, β-S 20 μM, SA 125 μM, and CA 125 μM, respectively, and its CAA value at the optimal condition was 10.782 μmol QE/100 g. At this concentration, LP combination exerted a greater amelioration effect on H2O2-induced HepG2 cell injury than either antioxidant (tea polyphenols or magnolol) alone. LP combination could reduce the cell apoptosis rate induced by H2O2, lowered to 10.06%, and could alleviate the degree of oxidative damage to cells (ROS↓), lipids (MDA↓), proteins (PC↓), and DNA (8-OHdG↓). Additionally, LP combination enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPX, and HO-1), as well as the T-AOC, and increased the GSH level in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, LP combination markedly upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and its associated antioxidant proteins. It also increased the expression levels of Nrf2 downstream antioxidant target gene (HO-1, SOD-1, MnSOD, CAT, GPX-1, and GPX-4) and downregulated the mRNA expression levels of Keap1. The oxidative-stress-induced formation of the Keap1/Nrf2 complex in the cytoplasm was significantly blocked by LP treatment. These results indicate that LP combination protected HepG2 cells from oxidative stress through a mechanism involving the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Luyan Liao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Huiqing Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Weiguo Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Thiruvengadam R, Venkidasamy B, Easwaran M, Chi HY, Thiruvengadam M, Kim SH. Dynamic interplay of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in plant resilience: unveiling the signaling pathways and metabolic responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:198. [PMID: 39023775 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Plants respond to environmental challenges by producing reactive species such as ROS and RNS, which play critical roles in signaling pathways that lead to adaptation and survival strategies. Understanding these pathways, as well as their detection methods and effects on plant development and metabolism, provides insight into increasing crop tolerance to combined stresses. Plants encounter various environmental stresses (abiotic and biotic) that affect plant growth and development. Plants sense biotic and abiotic stresses by producing different molecules, including reactive species, that act as signaling molecules and stimulate secondary messengers and subsequent gene transcription. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are produced in both physiological and pathological conditions in the plasma membranes, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Various techniques, including spectroscopy, chromatography, and fluorescence methods, are used to detect highly reactive, short-half-life ROS and RNS either directly or indirectly. In this review, we highlight the roles of ROS and RNS in seed germination, root development, senescence, mineral nutrition, and post-harvest control. In addition, we provide information on the specialized metabolism involved in plant growth and development. Secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids, are produced in low concentrations in plants for signaling and metabolism. Strategies for improving crop performance under combined drought and pathogen stress conditions are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Maheswaran Easwaran
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Hee Youn Chi
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Akhtar K, Ain NU, Prasad PVV, Naz M, Aslam MM, Djalovic I, Riaz M, Ahmad S, Varshney RK, He B, Wen R. Physiological, molecular, and environmental insights into plant nitrogen uptake, and metabolism under abiotic stresses. THE PLANT GENOME 2024; 17:e20461. [PMID: 38797919 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) as an inorganic macronutrient is inevitable for plant growth, development, and biomass production. Many external factors and stresses, such as acidity, alkalinity, salinity, temperature, oxygen, and rainfall, affect N uptake and metabolism in plants. The uptake of ammonium (NH4 +) and nitrate (NO3 -) in plants mainly depends on soil properties. Under the sufficient availability of NO3 - (>1 mM), low-affinity transport system is activated by gene network NRT1, and under low NO3 - availability (<1 mM), high-affinity transport system starts functioning encoded by NRT2 family of genes. Further, under limited N supply due to edaphic and climatic factors, higher expression of the AtNRT2.4 and AtNRT2.5T genes of the NRT2 family occur and are considered as N remobilizing genes. The NH4 + ion is the final form of N assimilated by cells mediated through the key enzymes glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase. The WRKY1 is a major transcription factor of the N regulation network in plants. However, the transcriptome and metabolite profiles show variations in N assimilation metabolites, including glycine, glutamine, and aspartate, under abiotic stresses. The overexpression of NO3 - transporters (OsNRT2.3a and OsNRT1.1b) can significantly improve the biomass and yield of various crops. Altering the expression levels of genes could be a valuable tool to improve N metabolism under the challenging conditions of soil and environment, such as unfavorable temperature, drought, salinity, heavy metals, and nutrient stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Akhtar
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Noor Ul Ain
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - P V Vara Prasad
- Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Misbah Naz
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mehtab Muhammad Aslam
- College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources (CAFNR), Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bing He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ronghui Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Matamoros MA, Romero LC, Tian T, Román Á, Duanmu D, Becana M. Persulfidation of plant and bacteroid proteins is involved in legume nodule development and senescence. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3009-3025. [PMID: 37952184 PMCID: PMC11103110 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Legumes establish symbiosis with rhizobia, forming nitrogen-fixing nodules. The central role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in nodule biology has been clearly established. Recently, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and other reactive sulfur species (RSS) have emerged as novel signaling molecules in animals and plants. A major mechanism by which ROS, RNS, and RSS fulfil their signaling role is the post-translational modification of proteins. To identify possible functions of H2S in nodule development and senescence, we used the tag-switch method to quantify changes in the persulfidation profile of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) nodules at different developmental stages. Proteomic analyses indicate that persulfidation plays a regulatory role in plant and bacteroid metabolism and senescence. The effect of a H2S donor on nodule functioning and on several proteins involved in ROS and RNS homeostasis was also investigated. Our results using recombinant proteins and nodulated plants support a crosstalk among H2S, ROS, and RNS, a protective function of persulfidation on redox-sensitive enzymes, and a beneficial effect of H2S on symbiotic nitrogen fixation. We conclude that the general decrease of persulfidation levels observed in plant proteins of aging nodules is one of the mechanisms that disrupt redox homeostasis leading to senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Matamoros
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas y Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Tao Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ángela Román
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Deqiang Duanmu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Manuel Becana
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Estación Experimental de Aula Dei, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
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Pradhan R, Dieterich W, Natarajan A, Schwappacher R, Reljic D, Herrmann HJ, Neurath MF, Zopf Y. Influence of Amino Acids and Exercise on Muscle Protein Turnover, Particularly in Cancer Cachexia. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1921. [PMID: 38791998 PMCID: PMC11119313 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifaceted syndrome that impacts individuals with advanced cancer. It causes numerous pathological changes in cancer patients, such as inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, which further diminish their quality of life. Unfortunately, cancer cachexia also increases the risk of mortality in affected individuals, making it an important area of focus for cancer research and treatment. Several potential nutritional therapies are being tested in preclinical and clinical models for their efficacy in improving muscle metabolism in cancer patients. Despite promising results, no special nutritional therapies have yet been validated in clinical practice. Multiple studies provide evidence of the benefits of increasing muscle protein synthesis through an increased intake of amino acids or protein. There is also increasing evidence that exercise can reduce muscle atrophy by modulating protein synthesis. Therefore, the combination of protein intake and exercise may be more effective in improving cancer cachexia. This review provides an overview of the preclinical and clinical approaches for the use of amino acids with and without exercise therapy to improve muscle metabolism in cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmita Pradhan
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Walburga Dieterich
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anirudh Natarajan
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raphaela Schwappacher
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dejan Reljic
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans J. Herrmann
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
| | - Yurdagül Zopf
- Department of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (R.P.); (W.D.); (A.N.); (R.S.); (D.R.); (H.J.H.); (M.F.N.)
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Bakala HS, Devi J, Singh G, Singh I. Drought and heat stress: insights into tolerance mechanisms and breeding strategies for pigeonpea improvement. PLANTA 2024; 259:123. [PMID: 38622376 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04401-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Pigeonpea has potential to foster sustainable agriculture and resilience in evolving climate change; understanding bio-physiological and molecular mechanisms of heat and drought stress tolerance is imperative to developing resilience cultivars. Pigeonpea is an important legume crop that has potential resilience in the face of evolving climate scenarios. However, compared to other legumes, there has been limited research on abiotic stress tolerance in pigeonpea, particularly towards drought stress (DS) and heat stress (HS). To address this gap, this review delves into the genetic, physiological, and molecular mechanisms that govern pigeonpea's response to DS and HS. It emphasizes the need to understand how this crop combats these stresses and exhibits different types of tolerance and adaptation mechanisms through component traits. The current article provides a comprehensive overview of the complex interplay of factors contributing to the resilience of pigeonpea under adverse environmental conditions. Furthermore, the review synthesizes information on major breeding techniques, encompassing both conventional methods and modern molecular omics-assisted tools and techniques. It highlights the potential of genomics and phenomics tools and their pivotal role in enhancing adaptability and resilience in pigeonpea. Despite the progress made in genomics, phenomics and big data analytics, the complexity of drought and heat tolerance in pigeonpea necessitate continuous exploration at multi-omic levels. High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) is crucial for gaining insights into perplexed interactions among genotype, environment, and management practices (GxExM). Thus, integration of advanced technologies in breeding programs is critical for developing pigeonpea varieties that can withstand the challenges posed by climate change. This review is expected to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, providing a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying abiotic stress tolerance in pigeonpea and offering insights into modern breeding strategies that can contribute to the development of resilient varieties suited for changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmeet Singh Bakala
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Jomika Devi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Gurjeet Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
- Texas A&M University, AgriLife Research Center, Beaumont, TX, 77713, USA.
| | - Inderjit Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
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Mangena P. Cell Mutagenic Autopolyploidy Enhances Salinity Stress Tolerance in Leguminous Crops. Cells 2023; 12:2082. [PMID: 37626892 PMCID: PMC10453822 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity stress affects plant growth and development by causing osmotic stress and nutrient imbalances through excess Na+, K+, and Cl- ion accumulations that induce toxic effects during germination, seedling development, vegetative growth, flowering, and fruit set. However, the effects of salt stress on growth and development processes, especially in polyploidized leguminous plants, remain unexplored and scantly reported compared to their diploid counterparts. This paper discusses the physiological and molecular response of legumes towards salinity stress-based osmotic and ionic imbalances in plant cells. A multigenic response involving various compatible solutes, osmolytes, ROS, polyamines, and antioxidant activity, together with genes encoding proteins involved in the signal transduction, regulation, and response mechanisms to this stress, were identified and discussed. This discussion reaffirms polyploidization as the driving force in plant evolution and adaptation to environmental stress constraints such as drought, feverish temperatures, and, in particular, salt stress. As a result, thorough physiological and molecular elucidation of the role of gene duplication through induced autopolyploidization and possible mechanisms regulating salinity stress tolerance in grain legumes must be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phetole Mangena
- Department of Biodiversity, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
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Silva SR, Miranda VFO, Michael TP, Płachno BJ, Matos RG, Adamec L, Pond SLK, Lucaci AG, Pinheiro DG, Varani AM. The phylogenomics and evolutionary dynamics of the organellar genomes in carnivorous Utricularia and Genlisea species (Lentibulariaceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 181:107711. [PMID: 36693533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Utricularia and Genlisea are highly specialized carnivorous plants whose phylogenetic history has been poorly explored using phylogenomic methods. Additional sampling and genomic data are needed to advance our phylogenetic and taxonomic knowledge of this group of plants. Within a comparative framework, we present a characterization of plastome (PT) and mitochondrial (MT) genes of 26 Utricularia and six Genlisea species, with representatives of all subgenera and growth habits. All PT genomes maintain similar gene content, showing minor variation across the genes located between the PT junctions. One exception is a major variation related to different patterns in the presence and absence of ndh genes in the small single copy region, which appears to follow the phylogenetic history of the species rather than their lifestyle. All MT genomes exhibit similar gene content, with most differences related to a lineage-specific pseudogenes. We find evidence for episodic positive diversifying selection in PT and for most of the Utricularia MT genes that may be related to the current hypothesis that bladderworts' nuclear DNA is under constant ROS oxidative DNA damage and unusual DNA repair mechanisms, or even low fidelity polymerase that bypass lesions which could also be affecting the organellar genomes. Finally, both PT and MT phylogenetic trees were well resolved and highly supported, providing a congruent phylogenomic hypothesis for Utricularia and Genlisea clade given the study sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saura R Silva
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology, Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 SP, Brazil.
| | - Vitor F O Miranda
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 SP, Brazil.
| | - Todd P Michael
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Bartosz J Płachno
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9 St., 30-387 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Ramon G Matos
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 SP, Brazil.
| | - Lubomir Adamec
- Department of Experimental and Functional Morphology, Institute of Botany CAS, Dukelská 135, CZ-379 01 Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Sergei L K Pond
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - Alexander G Lucaci
- Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - Daniel G Pinheiro
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology, Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 SP, Brazil.
| | - Alessandro M Varani
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology, Campus Jaboticabal, CEP 14884-900 SP, Brazil.
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10
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Caspy I, Fadeeva M, Mazor Y, Nelson N. Structure of Dunaliella photosystem II reveals conformational flexibility of stacked and unstacked supercomplexes. eLife 2023; 12:e81150. [PMID: 36799903 PMCID: PMC9949808 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) generates an oxidant whose redox potential is high enough to enable water oxidation , a substrate so abundant that it assures a practically unlimited electron source for life on earth . Our knowledge on the mechanism of water photooxidation was greatly advanced by high-resolution structures of prokaryotic PSII . Here, we show high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of eukaryotic PSII from the green alga Dunaliella salina at two distinct conformations. The conformers are also present in stacked PSII, exhibiting flexibility that may be relevant to the grana formation in chloroplasts of the green lineage. CP29, one of PSII associated light-harvesting antennae, plays a major role in distinguishing the two conformations of the supercomplex. We also show that the stacked PSII dimer, a form suggested to support the organisation of thylakoid membranes , can appear in many different orientations providing a flexible stacking mechanism for the arrangement of grana stacks in thylakoids. Our findings provide a structural basis for the heterogenous nature of the eukaryotic PSII on multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Caspy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Maria Fadeeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Yuval Mazor
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Nathan Nelson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
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11
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Li Y, Fan K, Shen J, Wang Y, Jeyaraj A, Hu S, Chen X, Ding Z, Li X. Glycine-Induced Phosphorylation Plays a Pivotal Role in Energy Metabolism in Roots and Amino Acid Metabolism in Leaves of Tea Plant. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020334. [PMID: 36673426 PMCID: PMC9858451 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation is the most extensive post-translational modification of proteins and thus regulates plant growth. However, the regulatory mechanism of phosphorylation modification on the growth of tea plants caused by organic nitrogen is still unclear. In order to explore the phosphorylation modification mechanism of tea plants in response to organic nitrogen, we used glycine as the only nitrogen source and determined and analyzed the phosphorylated proteins in tea plants by phosphoproteomic analysis. The results showed that the phosphorylation modification induced by glycine-supply played important roles in the regulation of energy metabolism in tea roots and amino acid metabolism in tea leaves. In roots, glycine-supply induced dephosphorylation of proteins, such as fructose-bisphosphate aldolase cytoplasmic isozyme, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, resulted in increased intensity of glycolysis and decreased intensity of tricarboxylic acid cycle. In leaves, the glycine-supply changed the phosphorylation levels of glycine dehydrogenase, aminomethyltransferase, glutamine synthetase, and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase, which accelerated the decomposition of glycine and enhanced the ability of ammonia assimilation. In addition, glycine-supply could improve the tea quality by increasing the intensity of amino acids, such as theanine and alanine. This research clarified the important regulatory mechanism of amino acid nitrogen on tea plant growth and development through protein phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jiazhi Shen
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Anburaj Jeyaraj
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shunkai Hu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaotang Ding
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
- Correspondence: (Z.D.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-(53)-288030231 (Z.D.); +86-(25)-84396651 (X.L.)
| | - Xinghui Li
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: (Z.D.); (X.L.); Tel.: +86-(53)-288030231 (Z.D.); +86-(25)-84396651 (X.L.)
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12
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Chirivì D, Betti C. Molecular Links between Flowering and Abiotic Stress Response: A Focus on Poaceae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:331. [PMID: 36679044 PMCID: PMC9866591 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extreme temperatures, drought, salinity and soil pollution are the most common types of abiotic stresses crops can encounter in fields; these variations represent a general warning to plant productivity and survival, being more harmful when in combination. Plant response to such conditions involves the activation of several molecular mechanisms, starting from perception to signaling, transcriptional reprogramming and protein modifications. This can influence the plant's life cycle and development to different extents. Flowering developmental transition is very sensitive to environmental stresses, being critical to reproduction and to agricultural profitability for crops. The Poacee family contains some of the most widespread domesticated plants, such as wheat, barley and rice, which are commonly referred to as cereals and represent a primary food source. In cultivated Poaceae, stress-induced modifications of flowering time and development cause important yield losses by directly affecting seed production. At the molecular level, this reflects important changes in gene expression and protein activity. Here, we present a comprehensive overview on the latest research investigating the molecular pathways linking flowering control to osmotic and temperature extreme conditions in agronomically relevant monocotyledons. This aims to provide hints for biotechnological strategies that can ensure agricultural stability in ever-changing climatic conditions.
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13
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Javidi MR, Maali-Amiri R, Poormazaheri H, Sadeghi Niaraki M, Kariman K. Cold stress-induced changes in metabolism of carbonyl compounds and membrane fatty acid composition in chickpea. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 192:10-19. [PMID: 36201983 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, changes in membrane fatty acid (FA) composition and damage indices contents as well as the transcript patterns of carbonyl-detoxifying genes were evaluated in two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes, cold-tolerant Sel96th11439 and cold-sensitive ILC533 under cold stress (CS; 4 °C). During CS, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased (by 47% and 57%, respectively) in the sensitive genotype, while these contents remained unchanged in the tolerant genotype. In tolerant plants, higher content of linoleic, linolenic, unsaturated FAs (UFAs), total FAs and double bond index (DBI) (by 23, 21, 19, 17 and 9%, respectively) was observed at 6 days after stress (DAS) compared to sensitive plants, which, along with alterations of the damage indices, indicate their enhanced tolerance to CS. Compared with the sensitive genotype, less lipoxygenase (LOX) activity (by 59%) in the tolerant genotype was accompanied by decreased MDA and increased levels of UFAs and DBI during CS, particularly at 6 DAS. Upregulation of aldehyde dehydrogenase and aldo-keto reductase genes (by 9- and 10-fold, respectively) at 1 DAS, along with the enhanced transcript levels of aldehyde reductase and 2-alkenal reductase (by 3- and 14.7-fold, respectively) at 6 DAS were accompanied by increased UFAs and reduced MDA contents in the tolerant genotype. Overall, the results suggest that cold tolerance in chickpea was partly associated with regulation of membrane FA compositions and the potential metabolic networks involved in synthesis and degradation of carbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Javidi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
| | - Reza Maali-Amiri
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Helen Poormazaheri
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mina Sadeghi Niaraki
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
| | - Khalil Kariman
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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14
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Hernández-Sánchez IE, Maruri-López I, Martinez-Martinez C, Janis B, Jiménez-Bremont JF, Covarrubias AA, Menze MA, Graether SP, Thalhammer A. LEAfing through literature: late embryogenesis abundant proteins coming of age-achievements and perspectives. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6525-6546. [PMID: 35793147 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To deal with increasingly severe periods of dehydration related to global climate change, it becomes increasingly important to understand the complex strategies many organisms have developed to cope with dehydration and desiccation. While it is undisputed that late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins play a key role in the tolerance of plants and many anhydrobiotic organisms to water limitation, the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the physiological roles of LEA proteins and discuss their potential molecular functions. As these are ultimately linked to conformational changes in the presence of binding partners, post-translational modifications, or water deprivation, we provide a detailed summary of current knowledge on the structure-function relationship of LEA proteins, including their disordered state in solution, coil to helix transitions, self-assembly, and their recently discovered ability to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation. We point out the promising potential of LEA proteins in biotechnological and agronomic applications, and summarize recent advances. We identify the most relevant open questions and discuss major challenges in establishing a solid understanding of how these intriguing molecules accomplish their tasks as cellular sentinels at the limits of surviving water scarcity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzell E Hernández-Sánchez
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israel Maruri-López
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Coral Martinez-Martinez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
| | - Brett Janis
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Alejandra A Covarrubias
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210, Mexico
| | - Michael A Menze
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Steffen P Graether
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anja Thalhammer
- Department of Physical Biochemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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15
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Martí-Guillén JM, Pardo-Hernández M, Martínez-Lorente SE, Almagro L, Rivero RM. Redox post-translational modifications and their interplay in plant abiotic stress tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1027730. [PMID: 36388514 PMCID: PMC9644032 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The impact of climate change entails a progressive and inexorable modification of the Earth's climate and events such as salinity, drought, extreme temperatures, high luminous intensity and ultraviolet radiation tend to be more numerous and prolonged in time. Plants face their exposure to these abiotic stresses or their combination through multiple physiological, metabolic and molecular mechanisms, to achieve the long-awaited acclimatization to these extreme conditions, and to thereby increase their survival rate. In recent decades, the increase in the intensity and duration of these climatological events have intensified research into the mechanisms behind plant tolerance to them, with great advances in this field. Among these mechanisms, the overproduction of molecular reactive species stands out, mainly reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species. These molecules have a dual activity, as they participate in signaling processes under physiological conditions, but, under stress conditions, their production increases, interacting with each other and modifying and-or damaging the main cellular components: lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and proteins. The latter have amino acids in their sequence that are susceptible to post-translational modifications, both reversible and irreversible, through the different reactive species generated by abiotic stresses (redox-based PTMs). Some research suggests that this process does not occur randomly, but that the modification of critical residues in enzymes modulates their biological activity, being able to enhance or inhibit complete metabolic pathways in the process of acclimatization and tolerance to the exposure to the different abiotic stresses. Given the importance of these PTMs-based regulation mechanisms in the acclimatization processes of plants, the present review gathers the knowledge generated in recent years on this subject, delving into the PTMs of the redox-regulated enzymes of plant metabolism, and those that participate in the main stress-related pathways, such as oxidative metabolism, primary metabolism, cell signaling events, and photosynthetic metabolism. The aim is to unify the existing information thus far obtained to shed light on possible fields of future research in the search for the resilience of plants to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. Martí-Guillén
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miriam Pardo-Hernández
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sara E. Martínez-Lorente
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorena Almagro
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Rivero
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Murcia, Spain
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16
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Zhao H, Liu H, Jin J, Ma X, Li K. Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis on Diploid and Polyploid Populus ussuriensis Kom. under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147529. [PMID: 35886879 PMCID: PMC9319462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Populus ussuriensis Kom. is a valuable forest regeneration tree species in the eastern mountainous region of Northeast China. It is known that diploid P. ussuriensis (CK) performed barely satisfactorily under salt stress, but the salt stress tolerance of polyploid (i.e., triploid (T12) and tetraploid (F20)) P. ussuriensis is still unknown. In order to compare the salt stress tolerance and salt stress response mechanism between diploid and polyploid P. ussuriensis, phenotypic observation, biological and biochemistry index detections, and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed on CK, T12, and F20. Phenotypic observation and leaf salt injury index analysis indicated CK suffered more severe salt injury than T12 and F20. SOD and POD activity detections indicated the salt stress response capacity of T12 was stronger than that of CK and F20. MDA content, proline content and relative electric conductivity detections indicated CK suffered the most severe cell-membrane damage, and T12 exhibited the strongest osmoprotective capacity under salt stress. Transcriptome analysis indicated the DEGs of CK, T12, and F20 under salt stress were different in category and change trend, and there were abundant WRKY, NAM, MYB and AP2/ERF genes among the DEGs in CK, T12, and F20 under salt stress. GO term enrichment indicated the basic growth progresses of CK, and F20 was obviously influenced, while T12 immediately launched more salt stress response processes in 36 h after salt stress. KEGG enrichment indicated the DEGs of CK mainly involved in plant−pathogen interaction, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, degradation of aromatic compounds, plant hormone signal transduction, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism pathways. The DEGs of T12 were mainly involved in plant−pathogen interaction, cysteine and methionine metabolism, phagosomes, biosynthesis of amino acids, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways. The DEGs of F20 were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, plant−pathogen interaction, zeatin biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism pathways. In conclusion, triploid exhibited stronger salt stress tolerance than tetraploid and diploid P. ussuriensis (i.e., T12 > F20 > CK). The differences between the DEGs of CK, T12, and F20 probably are the key clues for discovering the salt stress response signal transduction network in P. Ussuriensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huanzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
| | - Jiaojiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
| | - Kailong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Role of Nodulation-Enhancing Rhizobacteria in the Promotion of Medicago sativa Development in Nutrient-Poor Soils. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091164. [PMID: 35567168 PMCID: PMC9099972 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Legumes are usually used as cover crops to improve soil quality due to the biological nitrogen fixation that occurs due to the interaction of legumes and rhizobia. This symbiosis can be used to recover degraded soils using legumes as pioneer plants. In this work, we screened for bacteria that improve the legume–rhizobia interaction in nutrient-poor soils. Fourteen phosphate solubilizer-strains were isolated, showing at least three out of the five tested plant growth promoting properties. Furthermore, cellulase, protease, pectinase, and chitinase activities were detected in three of the isolated strains. Pseudomonas sp. L1, Chryseobacterium soli L2, and Priestia megaterium L3 were selected to inoculate seeds and plants of Medicago sativa using a nutrient-poor soil as substrate under greenhouse conditions. The effects of the three bacteria individually and in consortium showed more vigorous plants with increased numbers of nodules and a higher nitrogen content than non-inoculated plants. Moreover, bacterial inoculation increased plants’ antioxidant activities and improved their development in nutrient-poor soils, suggesting an important role in the stress mechanisms of plants. In conclusion, the selected strains are nodulation-enhancing rhizobacteria that improve leguminous plants growth and nodulation in nutrient-poor soils and could be used by sustainable agriculture to promote plants’ development in degraded soils.
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18
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Soboleva A, Frolova N, Bureiko K, Shumilina J, Balcke GU, Zhukov VA, Tikhonovich IA, Frolov A. Dynamics of Reactive Carbonyl Species in Pea Root Nodules in Response to Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Induced Osmotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2726. [PMID: 35269869 PMCID: PMC8910736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought dramatically affects crop productivity worldwide. For legumes this effect is especially pronounced, as their symbiotic association with rhizobia is highly-sensitive to dehydration. This might be attributed to the oxidative stress, which ultimately accompanies plants' response to water deficit. Indeed, enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species in root nodules might result in up-regulation of lipid peroxidation and overproduction of reactive carbonyl compounds (RCCs), which readily modify biomolecules and disrupt cell functions. Thus, the knowledge of the nodule carbonyl metabolome dynamics is critically important for understanding the drought-related losses of nitrogen fixation efficiency and plant productivity. Therefore, here we provide, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time a comprehensive overview of the pea root nodule carbonyl metabolome and address its alterations in response to polyethylene glycol-induced osmotic stress as the first step to examine the changes of RCC patterns in drought treated plants. RCCs were extracted from the nodules and derivatized with 7-(diethylamino)coumarin-3-carbohydrazide (CHH). The relative quantification of CHH-derivatives by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry with a post-run correction for derivative stability revealed in total 194 features with intensities above 1 × 105 counts, 19 of which were down- and three were upregulated. The upregulation of glyceraldehyde could accompany non-enzymatic conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to methylglyoxal. The accumulation of 4,5-dioxovaleric acid could be the reason for down-regulation of porphyrin metabolism, suppression of leghemoglobin synthesis, inhibition of nitrogenase and degradation of legume-rhizobial symbiosis in response to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced osmotic stress effect. This effect needs to be confirmed with soil-based drought models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Soboleva
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany or (K.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Frolova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Kseniia Bureiko
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany or (K.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Julia Shumilina
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany or (K.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Gerd U. Balcke
- Department of Metabolic and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Vladimir A. Zhukov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelsky Chaussee 3, Pushkin 8, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.A.Z.); or (I.A.T.)
| | - Igor A. Tikhonovich
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelsky Chaussee 3, Pushkin 8, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.A.Z.); or (I.A.T.)
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany or (K.B.); (J.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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19
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(De)Activation (Ir)Reversibly or Degradation: Dynamics of Post-Translational Protein Modifications in Plants. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020324. [PMID: 35207610 PMCID: PMC8874572 DOI: 10.3390/life12020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing dynamic functions of post-translational modifications (PTMs) within protein molecules present outstanding challenges for plant biology even at this present day. Protein PTMs are among the first and fastest plant responses to changes in the environment, indicating that the mechanisms and dynamics of PTMs are an essential area of plant biology. Besides being key players in signaling, PTMs play vital roles in gene expression, gene, and protein localization, protein stability and interactions, as well as enzyme kinetics. In this review, we take a broader but concise approach to capture the current state of events in the field of plant PTMs. We discuss protein modifications including citrullination, glycosylation, phosphorylation, oxidation and disulfide bridges, N-terminal, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination. Further, we outline the complexity of studying PTMs in relation to compartmentalization and function. We conclude by challenging the proteomics community to engage in holistic approaches towards identification and characterizing multiple PTMs on the same protein, their interaction, and mechanism of regulation to bring a deeper understanding of protein function and regulation in plants.
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20
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Lohani N, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. Biological Parts for Engineering Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9819314. [PMID: 37850130 PMCID: PMC10521667 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9819314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is vital to ramp up crop production dramatically by 2050 due to the increasing global population and demand for food. However, with the climate change projections showing that droughts and heatwaves becoming common in much of the globe, there is a severe threat of a sharp decline in crop yields. Thus, developing crop varieties with inbuilt genetic tolerance to environmental stresses is urgently needed. Selective breeding based on genetic diversity is not keeping up with the growing demand for food and feed. However, the emergence of contemporary plant genetic engineering, genome-editing, and synthetic biology offer precise tools for developing crops that can sustain productivity under stress conditions. Here, we summarize the systems biology-level understanding of regulatory pathways involved in perception, signalling, and protective processes activated in response to unfavourable environmental conditions. The potential role of noncoding RNAs in the regulation of abiotic stress responses has also been highlighted. Further, examples of imparting abiotic stress tolerance by genetic engineering are discussed. Additionally, we provide perspectives on the rational design of abiotic stress tolerance through synthetic biology and list various bioparts that can be used to design synthetic gene circuits whose stress-protective functions can be switched on/off in response to environmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Lohani
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mohan B. Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Kosová K, Vítámvás P, Prášil IT, Klíma M, Renaut J. Plant Proteoforms Under Environmental Stress: Functional Proteins Arising From a Single Gene. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:793113. [PMID: 34970290 PMCID: PMC8712444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are directly involved in plant phenotypic response to ever changing environmental conditions. The ability to produce multiple mature functional proteins, i.e., proteoforms, from a single gene sequence represents an efficient tool ensuring the diversification of protein biological functions underlying the diversity of plant phenotypic responses to environmental stresses. Basically, two major kinds of proteoforms can be distinguished: protein isoforms, i.e., alterations at protein sequence level arising from posttranscriptional modifications of a single pre-mRNA by alternative splicing or editing, and protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs), i.e., enzymatically catalyzed or spontaneous modifications of certain amino acid residues resulting in altered biological functions (or loss of biological functions, such as in non-functional proteins that raised as a product of spontaneous protein modification by reactive molecular species, RMS). Modulation of protein final sequences resulting in different protein isoforms as well as modulation of chemical properties of key amino acid residues by different PTMs (such as phosphorylation, N- and O-glycosylation, methylation, acylation, S-glutathionylation, ubiquitinylation, sumoylation, and modifications by RMS), thus, represents an efficient means to ensure the flexible modulation of protein biological functions in response to ever changing environmental conditions. The aim of this review is to provide a basic overview of the structural and functional diversity of proteoforms derived from a single gene in the context of plant evolutional adaptations underlying plant responses to the variability of environmental stresses, i.e., adverse cues mobilizing plant adaptive mechanisms to diminish their harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Kosová
- Division of Crop Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Vítámvás
- Division of Crop Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ilja Tom Prášil
- Division of Crop Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Klíma
- Division of Crop Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Biotechnologies and Environmental Analytics Platform (BEAP), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Roy S, Chakraborty AP, Chakraborty R. Understanding the potential of root microbiome influencing salt-tolerance in plants and mechanisms involved at the transcriptional and translational level. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:1657-1681. [PMID: 34549441 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity severely affects plant growth and development and imparts inevitable losses to crop productivity. Increasing the concentration of salts in the vicinity of plant roots has severe consequences at the morphological, biochemical, and molecular levels. These include loss of chlorophyll, decrease in photosynthetic rate, reduction in cell division, ROS generation, inactivation of antioxidative enzymes, alterations in phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, and so forth. The association of microorganisms, viz. plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, endophytes, and mycorrhiza, with plant roots constituting the root microbiome can confer a greater degree of salinity tolerance in addition to their inherent ability to promote growth and induce defense mechanisms. The mechanisms involved in induced stress tolerance bestowed by these microorganisms involve the modulation of phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways (including indole acetic acid, gibberellic acid, brassinosteroids, abscisic acid, and jasmonic acid), accumulation of osmoprotectants (proline, glycine betaine, and sugar alcohols), and regulation of ion transporters (SOS1, NHX, HKT1). Apart from this, salt-tolerant microorganisms are known to induce the expression of salt-responsive genes via the action of several transcription factors, as well as by posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications. Moreover, the potential of these salt-tolerant microflora can be employed for sustainably improving crop performance in saline environments. Therefore, this review will briefly focus on the key responses of plants under salinity stress and elucidate the mechanisms employed by the salt-tolerant microorganisms in improving plant tolerance under saline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnendu Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Rakhi Chakraborty
- Department of Botany, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy Government College, Darjeeling, West Bengal, India
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Omomowo OI, Babalola OO. Constraints and Prospects of Improving Cowpea Productivity to Ensure Food, Nutritional Security and Environmental Sustainability. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:751731. [PMID: 34745184 PMCID: PMC8570086 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.751731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Providing safe and secure food for an increasing number of people globally is challenging. Coping with such a human population by merely applying the conventional agricultural production system has not proved to be agro-ecologically friendly; nor is it sustainable. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) is a multi-purpose legume. It consists of high-quality protein for human consumption, and it is rich in protein for livestock fodder. It enriches the soil in that it recycles nutrients through the fixation of nitrogen in association with nodulating bacteria. However, the productivity of this multi-functional, indigenous legume that is of great value to African smallholder farmers and the rural populace, and also to urban consumers and entrepreneurs, is limited. Because cowpea is of strategic importance in Africa, there is a need to improve on its productivity. Such endeavors in Africa are wrought with challenges that include drought, salinity, the excessive demand among farmers for synthetic chemicals, the repercussions of climate change, declining soil nutrients, microbial infestations, pest issues, and so forth. Nevertheless, giant strides have already been made and there have already been improvements in adopting sustainable and smart biotechnological approaches that are favorably influencing the production costs of cowpea and its availability. As such, the prospects for a leap in cowpea productivity in Africa and in the enhancement of its genetic gain are good. Potential and viable means for overcoming some of the above-mentioned production constraints would be to focus on the key cowpea producer nations in Africa and to encourage them to embrace biotechnological techniques in an integrated approach to enhance for sustainable productivity. This review highlights the spectrum of constraints that limit the cowpea yield, but looks ahead of the constraints and seeks a way forward to improve cowpea productivity in Africa. More importantly, this review investigates applications and insights concerning mechanisms of action for implementing eco-friendly biotechnological techniques, such as the deployment of bio inoculants, applying climate-smart agricultural (CSA) practices, agricultural conservation techniques, and multi-omics smart technology in the spheres of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, for improving cowpea yields and productivity to achieve sustainable agro-ecosystems, and ensuring their stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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Abstract
Plants cannot move, so they must endure abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and extreme temperatures. These stressors greatly limit the distribution of plants, alter their growth and development, and reduce crop productivity. Recent progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of plants to abiotic stresses emphasizes their multilevel nature; multiple processes are involved, including sensing, signalling, transcription, transcript processing, translation and post-translational protein modifications. This improved knowledge can be used to boost crop productivity and agricultural sustainability through genetic, chemical and microbial approaches.
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Cejudo FJ, Sandalio LM, Van Breusegem F. Understanding plant responses to stress conditions: redox-based strategies. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5785-5788. [PMID: 34378048 PMCID: PMC8355751 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Cejudo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla, and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Correspondence: , , or
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: , , or
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: , , or
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