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Al-Zahrani HS, Moussa TAA, Alsamadany H, Hafez RM, Fuller MP. Phylogenetic and Expression Studies of Small GTP-Binding Proteins in Solanum lycopersicum Super Strain B. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11050641. [PMID: 35270112 PMCID: PMC8912273 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This investigation involved a comparative analysis of the small GTPase superfamily in S. lycopersicum super strain B compared to their analogues in leguminous and other non-leguminous species. The small GTPases superfamily members were recognized by tBLASTn searches. The sequences of amino acid were aligned using Clustal Omega and the analysis of phylogeny was performed with the MEGA7 package. Protein alignments were applied for all studied species. Three-dimensional models of RABA2, ROP9, and ROP10 from Solanum lycopersicum “Super strain B” were performed. The levels of mRNA of the Rab, Arf, Rop, and Ran subfamilies were detected in aerial tissues vs. roots. Significant divergences were found in the number of members and groups comprising each subfamily of the small GTPases and Glycine max had the highest count. High expression of Rab and Arf proteins was shown in the roots of legumes whilst in non-legume plants, the highest values were recorded in aerial tissues. S. lycopersicum super strain B had the highest expression of Rab and Arf proteins in its aerial tissues, which may indicate that diazotroph strains have supreme activities in the aerial tissues of strain B and act as associated N-fixing bacteria. The phylogenies of the small GTPase superfamily of the studied plants did not reveal asymmetric evolution of the Ra, Arf, Rop, and Ran subfamilies. Multiple sequence alignments derived from each of the Rab, Arf, and Rop proteins of S. lycopersicum super strain B showed a low frequency of substitutions in their domains. GTPases superfamily members have definite functions during infection, delivery, and maintenance of N2-fixing diazotroph but show some alterations in their function among S. lycopersicum super strain B, and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S. Al-Zahrani
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.S.A.-Z.); (H.A.)
| | - Tarek A. A. Moussa
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.S.A.-Z.); (H.A.)
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-1001531738
| | - Hameed Alsamadany
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.S.A.-Z.); (H.A.)
| | - Rehab M. Hafez
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Michael P. Fuller
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;
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Liu D, Luo Y, Zheng X, Wang X, Chou M, Wei G. TRAPPC13 Is a Novel Target of Mesorhizobium amorphae Type III Secretion System Effector NopP. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:511-523. [PMID: 33630651 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-20-0354-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Similar to pathogenic bacteria, rhizobia can inject effector proteins into host cells directly to promote infection via the type III secretion system (T3SS). Nodulation outer protein P (NopP), a specific T3SS effector of rhizobia, plays different roles in the establishment of multiple rhizobia-legume symbiotic systems. Mesorhizobium amorphae CCNWGS0123 (GS0123), which infects Robinia pseudoacacia specifically, secretes several T3SS effectors, including NopP. Here, we demonstrate that NopP is secreted through T3SS-I of GS0123 during the early stages of infection, and its deficiency decreases nodule nitrogenase activity of R. pseudoacacia nodules. A trafficking protein particle complex subunit 13-like protein (TRAPPC13) has been identified as a NopP target protein in R. pseudoacacia roots by screening a yeast two-hybrid library. The physical interaction between NopP and TRAPPC13 is verified by bimolecular fluorescence complementation and coimmunoprecipitation assays. In addition, subcellular localization analysis reveals that both NopP and its target, TRAPPC13, are colocalized on the plasma membrane. Compared with GS0123-inoculated R. pseudoacacia roots, some genes associated with cell wall remodeling and plant innate immunity down-regulated in ΔnopP-inoculated roots at 36 h postinoculation. The results suggest that NopP in M. amorphae CCNWGS0123 acts in multiple processes in R. pseudoacacia during the early stages of infection, and TRAPPC13 could participate in the process as a NopP target.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yantao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Shaanxi Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Environmental Geology Survey Center, Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Moutai Institute, Renhuai, Guizhou 564500, China
| | - Minxia Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Flores AC, Via VD, Savy V, Villagra UM, Zanetti ME, Blanco F. Comparative phylogenetic and expression analysis of small GTPases families in legume and non-legume plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1432956. [PMID: 29452030 PMCID: PMC5846509 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1432956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small monomeric GTPases act as molecular switches in several processes that involve polar cell growth, participating mainly in vesicle trafficking and cytoskeleton rearrangements. This gene superfamily has largely expanded in plants through evolution as compared with other Kingdoms, leading to the suggestion that members of each subfamily might have acquired new functions associated to plant-specific processes. Legume plants engage in a nitrogen-fixing symbiotic interaction with rhizobia in a process that involves polar growth processes associated with the infection throughout the root hair. To get insight into the evolution of small GTPases associated with this process, we use a comparative genomic approach to establish differences in the Ras GTPase superfamily between legume and non-legume plants. RESULTS Phylogenetic analyses did not show clear differences in the organization of the different subfamilies of small GTPases between plants that engage or not in nodule symbiosis. Protein alignments revealed a strong conservation at the sequence level of small GTPases previously linked to nodulation by functional genetics. Interestingly, one Rab and three Rop proteins showed conserved amino acid substitutions in legumes, but these changes do not alter the predicted conformational structure of these proteins. Although the steady-state levels of most small GTPases do not change in response to rhizobia, we identified a subset of Rab, Rop and Arf genes whose transcript levels are modulated during the symbiotic interaction, including their spatial distribution along the indeterminate nodule. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive study of the small GTPase superfamily in several plant species. The genetic program associated to root nodule symbiosis includes small GTPases to fulfill specific functions during infection and formation of the symbiosomes. These GTPases seems to have been recruited from members that were already present in common ancestors with plants as distant as monocots since we failed to detect asymmetric evolution in any of the subfamily trees. Expression analyses identified a number of legume members that can have undergone neo- or sub-functionalization associated to the spatio-temporal transcriptional control during the onset of the symbiotic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Claudia Flores
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico y Tecnológico La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Virginia Dalla Via
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico y Tecnológico La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Virginia Savy
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico y Tecnológico La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ulises Mancini Villagra
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico y Tecnológico La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Zanetti
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico y Tecnológico La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Flavio Blanco
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Centro Científico y Tecnológico La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina
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Li S, Huang Q, Zhang B, Zhang J, Liu X, Lu M, Hu Z, Ding C, Su X. Small GTP-binding protein PdRanBP regulates vascular tissue development in poplar. BMC Genet 2016; 17:96. [PMID: 27357205 PMCID: PMC4928302 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-016-0403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has demonstrated that ectopic expression of Ran-binding protein (RanBP) in Arabidopsis results in more axillary buds and reduced apical dominance compared to WT plants. However, the function of RanBP in poplar, which has very typical secondary growth, remains unclear. Here, the Populus deltoides (Marsh.) RanBP gene (PdRanBP) was isolated and functionally characterized by ectopic expression in a hybrid poplar (P. davidiana Dode × P. bolleana Lauche). RESULTS PdRanBP was predominantly expressed in leaf buds and tissues undergoing secondary wall expansion, including immature xylem and immature phloem in the stem. Overexpression of PdRanBP in poplar increased the number of sylleptic branches and the proportion of cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, retarded plant growth, consistently decreased the size of the secondary xylem and secondary phloem zones, and reduced the expression levels of cell wall biosynthesis genes. The downregulation of PdRanBP facilitated secondary wall expansion and increased stem height, the sizes of the xylem and phloem zones, and the expression levels of cell wall biosynthesis genes. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that PdRanBP influences the apical and radial growth of poplar trees and that PdRanBP may regulate cell division during cell cycle progression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that PdRanBP is a nuclear, vascular tissue development-associated protein in P. deltoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Li
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinjun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina, 28081, USA.,Biomarker Technologies Corporation, Beijing, 101300, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liu
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zanmin Hu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.
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Rogato A, Valkov VT, Alves LM, Apone F, Colucci G, Chiurazzi M. Down-regulated Lotus japonicus GCR1 plants exhibit nodulation signalling pathways alteration. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 247:71-82. [PMID: 27095401 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
G Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins involved in various signalling pathways by perceiving many extracellular signals and transducing them to heterotrimeric G proteins, which further transduce these signals to intracellular downstream effectors. GCR1 is the only reliable plant candidate as a member of the GPCRs superfamily. In the legume/rhizobia symbiotic interaction, G proteins are involved in signalling pathways controlling different steps of the nodulation program. In order to investigate the putative hierarchic role played by GCR1 in these symbiotic pathways we identified and characterized the Lotus japonicus gene encoding the seven transmembrane GCR1 protein. The detailed molecular and topological analyses of LjGCR1 expression patterns that are presented suggest a possible involvement in the early steps of nodule organogenesis. Furthermore, phenotypic analyses of independent transgenic RNAi lines, showing a significant LjGCR1 expression down regulation, suggest an epistatic action in the control of molecular markers of nodulation pathways, although no macroscopic symbiotic phenotypes could be revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Rogato
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, IBBR, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vladimir Totev Valkov
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, IBBR, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ludovico Martins Alves
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, IBBR, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Apone
- Arterra Bioscience Srl, Via B. Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Chiurazzi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, IBBR, CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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Kiirika LM, Schmitz U, Colditz F. The alternative Medicago truncatula defense proteome of ROS-defective transgenic roots during early microbial infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:341. [PMID: 25101099 PMCID: PMC4101433 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ROP-type GTPases of plants function as molecular switches within elementary signal transduction pathways such as the regulation of ROS synthesis via activation of NADPH oxidases (RBOH-respiratory burst oxidase homolog in plants). Previously, we reported that silencing of the Medicago truncatula GTPase MtROP9 led to reduced ROS production and suppressed induction of ROS-related enzymes in transgenic roots (MtROP9i) infected with pathogenic (Aphanomyces euteiches) and symbiotic microorganisms (Glomus intraradices, Sinorhizobium meliloti). While fungal infections were enhanced, S. meliloti infection was drastically impaired. In this study, we investigate the temporal proteome response of M. truncatula MtROP9i transgenic roots during the same microbial interactions under conditions of deprived potential to synthesize ROS. In comparison with control roots (Mtvector), we present a comprehensive proteomic analysis using sensitive MS protein identification. For four early infection time-points (1, 3, 5, 24 hpi), 733 spots were found to be different in abundance: 213 spots comprising 984 proteins (607 unique) were identified after S. meliloti infection, 230 spots comprising 796 proteins (580 unique) after G. intraradices infection, and 290 spots comprising 1240 proteins (828 unique) after A. euteiches infection. Data evaluation by GelMap in combination with a heatmap tool allowed recognition of key proteome changes during microbial interactions under conditions of hampered ROS synthesis. Overall, the number of induced proteins in MtROP9i was low as compared with controls, indicating a dual function of ROS in defense signaling as well as alternative response patterns activated during microbial infection. Qualitative analysis of induced proteins showed that enzymes linked to ROS production and scavenging were highly induced in control roots, while in MtROP9i the majority of proteins were involved in alternative defense pathways such as cell wall and protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frank Colditz
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University HannoverHannover, Germany
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Molesini B, Cecconi D, Pii Y, Pandolfini T. Local and Systemic Proteomic Changes in Medicago Truncatula at an Early Phase of Sinorhizobium meliloti Infection. J Proteome Res 2013; 13:408-21. [DOI: 10.1021/pr4009942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Molesini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Youry Pii
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pandolfini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15, Verona 37134, Italy
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Marchetti M, Capela D, Poincloux R, Benmeradi N, Auriac MC, Le Ru A, Maridonneau-Parini I, Batut J, Masson-Boivin C. Queuosine biosynthesis is required for sinorhizobium meliloti-induced cytoskeletal modifications on HeLa Cells and symbiosis with Medicago truncatula. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56043. [PMID: 23409119 PMCID: PMC3568095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobia are symbiotic soil bacteria able to intracellularly colonize legume nodule cells and form nitrogen-fixing symbiosomes therein. How the plant cell cytoskeleton reorganizes in response to rhizobium colonization has remained poorly understood especially because of the lack of an in vitro infection assay. Here, we report on the use of the heterologous HeLa cell model to experimentally tackle this question. We observed that the model rhizobium Sinorhizobium meliloti, and other rhizobia as well, were able to trigger a major reorganization of actin cytoskeleton of cultured HeLa cells in vitro. Cell deformation was associated with an inhibition of the three major small RhoGTPases Cdc42, RhoA and Rac1. Bacterial entry, cytoskeleton rearrangements and modulation of RhoGTPase activity required an intact S. meliloti biosynthetic pathway for queuosine, a hypermodifed nucleoside regulating protein translation through tRNA, and possibly mRNA, modification. We showed that an intact bacterial queuosine biosynthetic pathway was also required for effective nitrogen-fixing symbiosis of S. meliloti with its host plant Medicago truncatula, thus indicating that one or several key symbiotic functions of S. meliloti are under queuosine control. We discuss whether the symbiotic defect of que mutants may originate, at least in part, from an altered capacity to modify plant cell actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marchetti
- INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Delphine Capela
- INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Renaud Poincloux
- CNRS-IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS (Université Paul Sabatier), IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Nacer Benmeradi
- Institut de Biologie Cellulaire et de Génétique IBCG CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Christine Auriac
- INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Aurélie Le Ru
- Plateforme de Microscopie FRBT - Centre de Biologie du Développement, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini
- CNRS-IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS (Université Paul Sabatier), IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacques Batut
- INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Catherine Masson-Boivin
- INRA, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR441, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (LIPM), UMR2594, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Peraza-Echeverria S, Santamaría JM, Fuentes G, de los Ángeles Menéndez-Cerón M, Vallejo-Reyna MÁ, Herrera-Valencia VA. The NPR1 family of transcription cofactors in papaya: insights into its structure, phylogeny and expression. Genes Genomics 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-011-0218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Ke D, Fang Q, Chen C, Zhu H, Chen T, Chang X, Yuan S, Kang H, Ma L, Hong Z, Zhang Z. The small GTPase ROP6 interacts with NFR5 and is involved in nodule formation in Lotus japonicus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 159:131-43. [PMID: 22434040 PMCID: PMC3375957 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.197269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nod Factor Receptor5 (NFR5) is an atypical receptor-like kinase, having no activation loop in the protein kinase domain. It forms a heterodimer with NFR1 and is required for the early plant responses to Rhizobium infection. A Rho-like small GTPase from Lotus japonicus was identified as an NFR5-interacting protein. The amino acid sequence of this Rho-like GTPase is closest to the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ROP6 and Medicago truncatula ROP6 and was designated as LjROP6. The interaction between Rop6 and NFR5 occurred both in vitro and in planta. No interaction between Rop6 and NFR1 was observed. Green fluorescent protein-tagged ROP6 was localized at the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. The interaction between ROP6 and NFR5 appeared to take place at the plasma membrane. The expression of the ROP6 gene could be detected in vascular tissues of Lotus roots. After inoculation with Mesorhizobium loti, elevated levels of ROP6 expression were found in the root hairs, root tips, vascular bundles of roots, nodule primordia, and young nodules. In transgenic hairy roots expressing ROP6 RNA interference constructs, Rhizobium entry into the root hairs did not appear to be affected, but infection thread growth through the root cortex were severely inhibited, resulting in the development of fewer nodules per plant. These data demonstrate a role of ROP6 as a positive regulator of infection thread formation and nodulation in L. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chunfen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
| | - Xiaojun Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
| | - Songli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
| | - Heng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
| | | | - Zonglie Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
| | - Zhongming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China (D.K., Q.F., C.C., H.Z., T.C., X.C., S.Y., H.K., L.M., Z.Z.); and Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences and Program of Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844–2339 (Z.H.)
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Keskin BC, Yuca E, Ertekin O, Yüksel B, Memon AR. Expression characteristics of ARF1 and SAR1 during development and the de-etiolation process. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2012; 14:24-32. [PMID: 21973219 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ARF1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1) and SAR1 (secretion-associated RAS super family) are involved in the formation and budding of vesicles throughout plant endomembrane systems. The molecular mechanisms of this transport have been studied extensively in mammalian and yeast cells. However, very little is known about the mechanisms of coat protein complex (COP) formation and recruitment of COP-vesicle cargoes in plants. To provide insights into vesicular trafficking in Pisum sativum L., we investigated mRNA and protein expression patterns of ARF1 and SAR1 in roots and shoots at early growth stages and in the de-etiolation process. We showed that ARF1 was concentrated mostly in the crude Golgi fractions, and SAR1 was concentrated predominantly in the crude ER fractions of de-etiolated shoots. ARF1 and SAR1 proteins were several times more abundant in shoots relative to roots. In total protein homogenates, the expression level of SAR1 and ARF1 was higher in shoots of dark-grown pea plants than light-grown plants. In contrast, ARF1 was higher in roots of light-grown pea relative to roots of dark-grown pea. With ageing, the ARF1 mRNA in roots was reduced, while SAR1 expression increased. Unlike ARF1 transcripts, ARF1 protein levels did not fluctuate significantly in root and shoot tissue during early development. The relative abundance of SAR1 protein in root tissues may suggest a high level of vesicular transport from the ER to the Golgi. Experimental results suggested that white light probably affects the regulation of ARF1 and SAR1 protein levels. On the other hand, short-term white light affects SAR1 but not ARF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cevher Keskin
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, TUBITAK, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Marmara Research Center, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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Qin Y, Shi F, Tang C. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of cDNAs encoding four Rab and two Arf GTPases in the latex of Hevea brasiliensis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2011; 49:729-737. [PMID: 21530287 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In plants, Rab and Arf GTPases are key regulators of vesicle trafficking. To investigate whether these small GTPases (SG) play a role in the regulation of the regeneration of latex (the cytoplasm of the rubber-producing laticifer cell) in Hevea brasiliensis (Hevea hereafter), full-length cDNAs that encode four HbRab and two HbArf GTPases were cloned. The four HbRab proteins showed specific GTP-binding activity when expressed in Escherichia coli. Transcript expression of the six SG genes was investigated by real-time RT-PCR. All genes revealed to be expressed in each of the six Hevea tissues examined, but the expression patterns were different. Four genes, HbArf1, HbRab2, HbRab3 and HbRab4, displayed a preferential expression in latex. The expression of all genes was upregulated by the act of latex exploitation (tapping), and HbRab1 had the highest level of upregulation. Wounding markedly upregulated the expression of two SG genes (HbRab1 and HbArf2), and exogenous methyl jasmonate upregulated all six SG genes. Wounding might upregulate the expression of HbRab1 and HbArf2 through a jasmonic acid-mediated signaling pathway. None of the genes were markedly upregulated by Ethrel (an ethylene releaser and latex stimulator); instead, HbArf2 and HbRab4 were downregulated significantly after a 24 h treatment with Ethrel. This paper gives the first description of Rab and Arf GTPases in Hevea and provides clues for their involvement, HbRab1 in particular, in latex regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Qin
- Key Lab of Rubber Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China
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Sharathchandra RG, Stander C, Jacobson D, Ndimba B, Vivier MA. Proteomic analysis of grape berry cell cultures reveals that developmentally regulated ripening related processes can be studied using cultured cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e14708. [PMID: 21379583 PMCID: PMC3040747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work describes a proteomics profiling method, optimized and applied to berry cell suspensions to evaluate organ-specific cultures as a platform to study grape berry ripening. Variations in berry ripening within a cluster(s) on a vine and in a vineyard are a major impediment towards complete understanding of the functional processes that control ripening, specifically when a characterized and homogenous sample is required. Berry cell suspensions could overcome some of these problems, but their suitability as a model system for berry development and ripening needs to be established first. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study we report on the proteomic evaluation of the cytosolic proteins obtained from synchronized cell suspension cultures that were established from callus lines originating from green, véraison and ripe Vitis vinifera berry explants. The proteins were separated using liquid phase IEF in a Microrotofor cell and SDS PAGE. This method proved superior to gel-based 2DE. Principal component analysis confirmed that biological and technical repeats grouped tightly and importantly, showed that the proteomes of berry cultures originating from the different growth/ripening stages were distinct. A total of twenty six common bands were selected after band matching between different growth stages and twenty two of these bands were positively identified. Thirty two % of the identified proteins are currently annotated as hypothetical. The differential expression profile of the identified proteins, when compared with published literature on grape berry ripening, suggested common trends in terms of relative abundance in the different developmental stages between real berries and cell suspensions. CONCLUSIONS The advantages of having suspension cultures that accurately mimic specific developmental stages are profound and could significantly contribute to the study of the intricate regulatory and signaling networks responsible for berry development and ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramaschandra G. Sharathchandra
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Charmaine Stander
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Dan Jacobson
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Bongani Ndimba
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Melané A. Vivier
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Liu W, Chen AM, Luo L, Sun J, Cao LP, Yu GQ, Zhu JB, Wang YZ. Characterization and expression analysis of Medicago truncatula ROP GTPase family during the early stage of symbiosis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 52:639-52. [PMID: 20590994 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.00944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ROPs (Rho-related GTPases of plants) are small GTPases that are plant-specific signaling proteins. They act as molecular switches in a variety of developmental processes. In this study, seven cDNA clones coding for ROP GTPases have been isolated in Medicago truncatula, and conserved and divergent domains are identified in these predicted MtROP proteins. Phylogenetic analysis has indicated that MtROPs are distributed into groups II, III, IV but group I. MtROP genes are expressed in various tissues at different levels. A quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis indicated that these MtROP genes have different expression profiles in the roots in response to infection with rhizobia. The expression of MtROP3, MtROP5 and MtROP6 are increased, as the expression of Nod factor or rhizobial-induced marker genes--NFP, Rip1 and Enod11; MtROP10 has showed enhanced expression at a certain post-inoculation time point. No significant changes in MtROP7 and MtROP9 expression have been detected and MtROP8 expression is dramatically decreased by about 80%-90%. Additionally, ROP promoter-GUS analysis has showed that MtROP3, MtROP5 and MtROP6 have elevated expression in transgenic root hairs after rhizobial inoculation. These results might suggest a role for some ROP GTPases in the regulation of early stages during rhizobial infection in symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Yuksel B, Memon AR. Legume small GTPases and their role in the establishment of symbiotic associations with Rhizobium spp. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2009; 4:257-60. [PMID: 19794839 PMCID: PMC2664483 DOI: 10.4161/psb.4.4.7868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Small GTP-binding genes act as molecular switches regulating myriad of cellular processes including vesicle-mediated intracellular trafficking, signal transduction, cytoskeletal reorganization and cell division in plants and animals. Even though these genes are well conserved both functionally and sequentially across whole Eukaryotae, occasional lineage-specific diversification in some plant species in terms of both functional and expressional characteristics have been reported. Hence, comparative phyletic and correlative functional analyses of legume small GTPases homologs with the genes from other Metazoa and Embryophyta species would be very beneficial for gleaning out the small GTPases that could have specialized in legume-specific processes; e.g., nodulation. The completion of genome sequences of two model legumes, Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus will significantly improve our knowledge about mechanism of biological processes taking place in legume-rhizobia symbiotic associations. Besides, the need for molecular switches coordinating busy cargo-trafficking between symbiosis partners would suggest a possible subfunctionalization of small GTPases in Fabaceae for these functions. Therefore, more detailed investigation into the functional characteristics of legume small GTPases would be helpful for the illumination of the events initialized with the perception of bacteria by host, followed by the formation of infection thread and the engulfment of rhizobial bacteria, and end with the senescence of nitrogen-fixing organelles, nodules. In summary, a more thorough functional and evolutionary characterization of small GTPases across the main lineages of Embryophyta is significant for better comprehension of evolutionary history of Plantae, that is because, these genes are associated with multitude of vital biological processes including organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayram Yuksel
- The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Marmara Research Center, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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