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Khan MA, You MP, Norton SL, Barbetti MJ. Screening of Diverse Lupinus spp. Highlights New Resistances to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:2542-2549. [PMID: 38568787 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-24-0506-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a serious and sometimes devastating disease of lupin (Lupinus spp.). A total of 236 lupin accessions from across 12 Lupinus species were screened against the prevalent S. sclerotiorum isolate MBRS-1 (pathotype 76). L. angustifolius accession 21655 and L. albus var. albus accession 20589 showed immune and "near-immune" responses, respectively. Thirteen accessions of L. angustifolius, three accessions each of L. albus and L. albus var. albus, and a single accession each of L. albus var. graecus, L. mutabilis, L. palaestinus, and L. pilosus (totaling ∼4%) showed a highly resistant (HR) response. A further 19 accessions of L. angustifolius, 2 accessions each of L. albus and L. pilosus, and a single accession of L. mutabilis (totaling ∼10%) showed a resistant (R) response. The reactions of 16 (15 L. angustifolius, 1 L. digitatus) of these 236 accessions were also compared with their reactions to a different isolate, Walkaway-3 (WW-3; pathotype 10). Against this isolate, five L. angustifolius accessions showed an HR response and four showed an R response, and the L. digitatus accession showed a moderate resistance response. Overall, isolate WW-3 caused significantly (P < 0.05) smaller lesions than MBRS-1 across tested accessions in common. In addition, 328 plants in a "wild" naturalized field population of L. cosentinii were screened in situ in the field against isolate MBRS-1. Five (∼1.5%) of the 328 plants of wild lupin showed an immune response, 63 (∼19%) showed an HR response, and 146 (∼45%) showed an R response. We believe this is the first examination of diverse Lupinus spp. germplasm responses to a prevalent pathotype of S. sclerotiorum. Lupin genotypes exhibiting high-level resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot identified in this study can be used as parental lines for crosses in lupin breeding programs and/or directly as improved cultivars to reduce the adverse impact of this disease on lupin crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azam Khan
- School of Agriculture and Environment and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ming Pei You
- School of Agriculture and Environment and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sally L Norton
- Australian Grains Genebank, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia
| | - Martin J Barbetti
- School of Agriculture and Environment and the UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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Farooqi MQU, Moody D, Bai G, Bernardo A, St. Amand P, Diggle AJ, Rengel Z. Genetic characterization of root architectural traits in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) using SNP markers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1265925. [PMID: 37860255 PMCID: PMC10582755 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1265925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention is paid to providing new tools to breeders for targeted breeding for specific root traits that are beneficial in low-fertility, drying soils; however, such information is not available for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). A panel of 191 barley accessions (originating from Australia, Europe, and Africa) was phenotyped for 26 root and shoot traits using the semi-hydroponic system and genotyped using 21 062 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). The population structure analysis of the barley panel identified six distinct groups. We detected 1199 significant (P<0.001) marker-trait associations (MTAs) with r2 values up to 0.41. The strongest MTAs were found for root diameter in the top 20 cm and the longest root length. Based on the physical locations of these MTAs in the barley reference genome, we identified 37 putative QTLs for the root traits, and three QTLs for shoot traits, with nine QTLs located in the same physical regions. The genomic region 640-653 Mb on chromosome 7H was significant for five root length-related traits, where 440 annotated genes were located. The putative QTLs for various root traits identified in this study may be useful for genetic improvement regarding the adaptation of new barley cultivars to suboptimal environments and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Q. U. Farooqi
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Guihua Bai
- Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Amy Bernardo
- Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Paul St. Amand
- Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Art J. Diggle
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zed Rengel
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Pan X, Wang P, Wei X, Zhang J, Xu B, Chen Y, Wei G, Wang Z. Exploring root system architecture and anatomical variability in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:449. [PMID: 37743492 PMCID: PMC10519072 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is significantly hampered by drought and nutrient deficiencies. The identification of root architectural and anatomical characteristics holds paramount importance for the development of alfalfa genotypes with enhanced adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. In this study, we employed a visual rhizobox system to investigate the variability in root system architecture (including root depth, root length, root tips number, etc.), anatomical features (such as cortical traits, total stele area, number and area of vessel, etc.), as well as nitrogen and phosphorus uptake across 53 alfalfa genotypes during the seedling stage. RESULTS Out of the 42 traits measured, 21 root traits, along with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake, displayed higher coefficients of variation (CVs ≥ 0.25) among the tested genotypes. Local root morphological and anatomical traits exhibited more significant variation than global root traits. Twenty-three traits with CVs ≥ 0.25 constituted to six principal components (eigenvalues > 1), collectively accounting for 88.0% of the overall genotypic variation. Traits such as total root length, number of root tips, maximal root depth, and others exhibited positive correlations with shoot dry mass and root dry mass. Additionally, total stele area and xylem vessel area showed positive correlations with N and P uptake. CONCLUSIONS These root traits, which have demonstrated associations with biomass and nutrient uptake, may be considered for the breeding of alfalfa genotypes that possess efficient resource absorption and increased adaptability to abiotic stress, following validation during the entire growth period in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Pan
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xianwei Wei
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jinxin Zhang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bingcheng Xu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, 26 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Gehong Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, 26 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Ogrodowicz P, Mikołajczak K, Kempa M, Mokrzycka M, Krajewski P, Kuczyńska A. Genome-wide association study of agronomical and root-related traits in spring barley collection grown under field conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1077631. [PMID: 36760640 PMCID: PMC9902773 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1077631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The root system is a key component for plant survival and productivity. In particular, under stress conditions, developing plants with a better root architecture can ensure productivity. The objectives of this study were to investigate the phenotypic variation of selected root- and yield-related traits in a diverse panel of spring barley genotypes. By performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS), we identified several associations underlying the variations occurring in root- and yield-related traits in response to natural variations in soil moisture. Here, we report the results of the GWAS based on both individual single-nucleotide polymorphism markers and linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks of markers for 11 phenotypic traits related to plant morphology, grain quality, and root system in a group of spring barley accessions grown under field conditions. We also evaluated the root structure of these accessions by using a nondestructive method based on electrical capacitance. The results showed the importance of two LD-based blocks on chromosomes 2H and 7H in the expression of root architecture and yield-related traits. Our results revealed the importance of the region on the short arm of chromosome 2H in the expression of root- and yield-related traits. This study emphasized the pleiotropic effect of this region with respect to heading time and other important agronomic traits, including root architecture. Furthermore, this investigation provides new insights into the roles played by root traits in the yield performance of barley plants grown under natural conditions with daily variations in soil moisture content.
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Kawai T, Chen Y, Takahashi H, Inukai Y, Siddique KHM. Rice Genotypes Express Compensatory Root Growth With Altered Root Distributions in Response to Root Cutting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:830577. [PMID: 35295630 PMCID: PMC8919052 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.830577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Root systems play a pivotal role in water and nutrient uptake from soil. Lateral root (LR) growth is promoted to compensate for inhibited main root growth. Compensatory LR growth contributes to maintaining total root length (TRL) and hence water and nutrient uptake in compacted soils. However, it remains unclear how shoot and root phenotypic traits change during the compensatory growth and whether there are genotypic variations in compensatory root growth. This study analyzed shoot and root morphological traits of 20 rice genotypes, which includes mutants with altered root morphology, during the vegetative stage using a semihydroponic phenotyping system. The phenotyping experiment detected large variation in root and shoot traits among the 20 genotypes. Morphological changes induced by root cutting were analyzed in six selected genotypes with contrasting root system architecture. Root cutting significantly affected root distribution along vertical sections and among diameter classes. After root cutting, more roots distributed at shallower depth and thicker LRs developed. Furthermore, genotypes with deeper root growth without root cutting allocated more compensatory roots to deeper sections even after root cutting than the genotypes with shallower rooting. Due to the compensatory LR growth, root cutting did not significantly affect TRL, root dry weight (RDW), or shoot dry weight (SDW). To analyze the interaction between crown root (CR) number and compensatory root growth, we removed half of the newly emerged CRs in two genotypes. TRL of YRL38 increased at depth with CR number manipulation (CRM) regardless of root tip excision, which was attributed to an increase in specific root length (SRL), despite no change in RDW. Taken together, the tested rice genotypes exhibited compensatory root growth by changing root distribution at depth and in diameter classes. Reducing CR number promoted root development and compensatory growth by improving the efficiency of root development [root length (RL) per resource investment].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Kawai
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Inukai
- International Center for Research and Education in Agriculture, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Liu S, Begum N, An T, Zhao T, Xu B, Zhang S, Deng X, Lam HM, Nguyen HT, Siddique KHM, Chen Y. Characterization of Root System Architecture Traits in Diverse Soybean Genotypes Using a Semi-Hydroponic System. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2781. [PMID: 34961252 PMCID: PMC8707277 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic variation and correlations among root traits form the basis for selecting and breeding soybean varieties with efficient access to water and nutrients and better adaptation to abiotic stresses. Therefore, it is important to develop a simple and consistent system to study root traits in soybean. In this study, we adopted the semi-hydroponic system to investigate the variability in root morphological traits of 171 soybean genotypes popularized in the Yangtze and Huaihe River regions, eastern China. Highly diverse phenotypes were observed: shoot height (18.7-86.7 cm per plant with a median of 52.3 cm); total root length (208-1663 cm per plant with a median of 885 cm); and root mass (dry weight) (19.4-251 mg per plant with a median of 124 mg). Both total root length and root mass exhibited significant positive correlation with shoot mass (p ≤ 0.05), indicating their relationship with plant growth and adaptation strategies. The nine selected traits contributed to one of the two principal components (eigenvalues > 1), accounting for 78.9% of the total genotypic variation. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis separated the 171 genotypes into five major groups based on these root traits. Three selected genotypes with contrasting root systems were validated in soil-filled rhizoboxes (1.5 m deep) until maturity. Consistent ranking of the genotypes in some important root traits at various growth stages between the two experiments indicates the reliability of the semi-hydroponic system in phenotyping root trait variability at the early growth stage in soybean germplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China; (S.L.); (T.A.); (B.X.); (S.Z.); (X.D.)
| | - Naheeda Begum
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (N.B.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tingting An
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China; (S.L.); (T.A.); (B.X.); (S.Z.); (X.D.)
| | - Tuanjie Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (N.B.); (T.Z.)
| | - Bingcheng Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China; (S.L.); (T.A.); (B.X.); (S.Z.); (X.D.)
| | - Suiqi Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China; (S.L.); (T.A.); (B.X.); (S.Z.); (X.D.)
| | - Xiping Deng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China; (S.L.); (T.A.); (B.X.); (S.Z.); (X.D.)
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Henry T. Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia;
| | - Yinglong Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, and State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China; (S.L.); (T.A.); (B.X.); (S.Z.); (X.D.)
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia;
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Assessment of root phenotypes in mungbean mini-core collection (MMC) from the World Vegetable Center (AVRDC) Taiwan. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247810. [PMID: 33661994 PMCID: PMC7932546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is an important food grain legume, but its production capacity is threatened by global warming, which can intensify plant stress and limit future production. Identifying new variation of key root traits in mungbean will provide the basis for breeding lines with effective root characteristics for improved water uptake to mitigate heat and drought stress. The AVRDC mungbean mini core collection consisting of 296 genotypes was screened under modified semi-hydroponic screening conditions to determine the variation for fourteen root-related traits. The AVRDC mungbean mini core collection displayed wide variations for the primary root length, total surface area, and total root length, and based on agglomerative hierarchical clustering eight homogeneous groups displaying different root traits could be identified. Germplasm with potentially favorable root traits has been identified for further studies to identify the donor genotypes for breeding cultivars with enhanced adaptation to water-deficit stress and other stress conditions.
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Ji Y, Liu R, Hu J, Huang Y, Wang D, Li G, Rahman MM, Zhang H, Wang C, Li M, Yang T, Zong X. Genetic diversity analysis for narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) by SSR markers. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5215-5224. [PMID: 32577990 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05596-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is used as grain legumes, fodder for livestock and green manure in the world and has a great potential to be developed as a new crop in China. In this study, we assessed the genetic diversity among a set of 109 newly introduced accessions of narrow-leafed lupin using 76 genomic SSR markers. Data analysis suggested that the average gene diversity index and average polymorphism information content (PIC) were 0.4758 and 0.4328, respectively. The mean allele number per loci (Na) was 6.3816. The population structure analysis identified two subgroups based on delta K (ΔK) values. This result is in accordance with that of a PCA. The AMOVA analysis showed that most of molecular variance were within population. These results will be useful to guide the genetic improvement of the narrow-leafed lupin crop in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Ji
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Liu
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinguo Hu
- USDA-ARS Western Regional Plant Introduction Station (WRPIS), Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Yuning Huang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guan Li
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Md Mosiur Rahman
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Pulses Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Li
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuxiao Zong
- The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Chen Y, Palta J, Prasad PVV, Siddique KHM. Phenotypic variability in bread wheat root systems at the early vegetative stage. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:185. [PMID: 32345227 PMCID: PMC7189723 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding root system morphology in bread wheat is critical for identifying root traits to breed cultivars with improved resource uptake and better adaptation to adverse environments. Variability in root morphological traits at early vegetative stages was examined among 184 bread wheat genotypes originating from 37 countries grown in a semi-hydroponic phenotyping system. RESULTS At the onset of tillering (Z2.1, 35 days after transplanting), plants had up to 42 cm in shoot height and 158 cm long in root depth. Phenotypic variation existed for both shoot and root traits, with a maximal 4.3-fold difference in total root length and 5-fold difference in root dry mass among the 184 genotypes. Of the 41 measured traits, 24 root traits and four shoot traits had larger coefficients of variation (CV ≥ 0.25). Strong positive correlations were identified for some key root traits (i.e., root mass, root length, and these parameters at different depths) and shoot traits (i.e., shoot mass and tiller number) (P ≤ 0.05). The selected 25 global traits (at whole-plant level) contributed to one of the five principal components (eigenvalues> 1) capturing 83.0% of the total variability across genotypes. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis separated the 184 genotypes into four (at a rescaled distance of 15) or seven (at a rescaled distance of 10) major groups based on the same set of root traits. Strong relationships between performance traits (dry mass) with several functional traits such as specific root length, root length intensity and root tissue density suggest their linkage to plant growth and fitness strategies. CONCLUSIONS Large phenotypic variability in root system morphology in wheat genotypes was observed at the tillering stage using established semi-hydroponic phenotyping techniques. Phenotypic differences in and trait correlations among some interesting root traits may be considered for breeding wheat cultivars with efficient water acquisition and better adaptation to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
| | - Jairo Palta
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia
| | - P V Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, USA
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
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Del Bianco M, Kepinski S. Building a future with root architecture. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:5319-5323. [PMID: 30445468 PMCID: PMC6255693 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Del Bianco
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stefan Kepinski
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Chen Y, Ghanem ME, Siddique KH. Characterising root trait variability in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:1987-1999. [PMID: 28338728 PMCID: PMC5429021 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume crop but its sustainable production is challenged by predicted climate changes, which are likely to increase production limitations and uncertainty in yields. Characterising the variability in root architectural traits in a core collection of chickpea germplasm will provide the basis for breeding new germplasm with suitable root traits for the efficient acquisition of soil resources and adaptation to drought and other abiotic stresses. This study used a semi-hydroponic phenotyping system for assessing root trait variability across 270 chickpea genotypes. The genotypes exhibited large variation in rooting patterns and branching manner. Thirty root-related traits were characterised, 17 of which had coefficients of variation ≥0.3 among genotypes and were selected for further examination. The Pearson correlation matrix showed a strong correlation among most of the selected traits (P≤0.05). Principal component analysis revealed three principal components with eigenvalues >1 capturing 81.5% of the total variation. An agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis, based on root trait variation, identified three genotype homogeneous groups (rescaled distance of 15) and 16 sub-groups (rescaled distance of 5). The chickpea genotypes characterised in this study with vastly different root properties could be used for further studies in glasshouses and field trials, and for molecular marker studies, gene mapping, and modelling simulations, ultimately aimed at breeding germplasm with root traits for improved adaptation to drought and other specific environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth WA 6001, Australia
- The State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Michel Edmond Ghanem
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, North-Africa Platform, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kadambot Hm Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, LB 5005, Perth WA 6001, Australia
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From inspiration to impact: delivering value from global root research. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3601-3603. [PMCID: PMC4896363 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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