1
|
Genetic Dissection and Germplasm Selection of the Low Crude Fiber Component in Brassica napus L. Shoots. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020403. [PMID: 36673495 PMCID: PMC9857593 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brassica napus is one of the most important oil crops in the world, and B. napus shoots are nutrient-rich fresh vegetables. The crude fiber (CF) component is one of the most important factors affecting the taste quality of B. napus shoots, but the factors underlying the desirable low-CF trait remain poorly understood. METHODS In this study, a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for five CF-related traits in a recombinant inbred population. RESULTS A total of 49 QTLs were obtained in four environments, including eleven, twelve, eight, twelve and six QTLs for content of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by single QTL ranged from 4.62% to 14.76%. Eight of these QTLs were further integrated into four unique QTLs, which controlled two different traits simultaneously. Five CF-component-related candidate genes were identified, among which BnaC03g07110D and BnaC07g21271D were considered to be the most likely candidate genes. In addition, five lines with low CF content were selected, which can be used as excellent germplasm resources in breeding. CONCLUSIONS The QTLs identified in this study will contribute to our understanding of the genetic mechanism of CF and can be used as targets for reducing CF content in B. napus shoots. In addition, this study also provided excellent germplasm resources for low CF content breeding.
Collapse
|
2
|
Narawatthana S, Phansenee Y, Thammasamisorn BO, Vejchasarn P. Multi-model genome-wide association studies of leaf anatomical traits and vein architecture in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1107718. [PMID: 37123816 PMCID: PMC10130391 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1107718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The anatomy of rice leaves is closely related to photosynthesis and grain yield. Therefore, exploring insight into the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and alleles related to rice flag leaf anatomical and vein traits is vital for rice improvement. Methods Here, we aimed to explore the genetic architecture of eight flag leaf traits using one single-locus model; mixed-linear model (MLM), and two multi-locus models; fixed and random model circulating probability unification (FarmCPU) and Bayesian information and linkage disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway (BLINK). We performed multi-model GWAS using 329 rice accessions of RDP1 with 700K single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. Results The phenotypic correlation results indicated that rice flag leaf thickness was strongly correlated with leaf mesophyll cells layer (ML) and thickness of both major and minor veins. All three models were able to identify several significant loci associated with the traits. MLM identified three non-synonymous SNPs near NARROW LEAF 1 (NAL1) in association with ML and the distance between minor veins (IVD) traits. Discussion Several numbers of significant SNPs associated with known gene function in leaf development and yield traits were detected by multi-model GWAS performed in this study. Our findings indicate that flag leaf traits could be improved via molecular breeding and can be one of the targets in high-yield rice development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supatthra Narawatthana
- Rice Department, Thailand Rice Science Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Suphan Buri, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Supatthra Narawatthana,
| | - Yotwarit Phansenee
- Ubon Ratchathani Rice Research Center, Rice Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Bang-On Thammasamisorn
- Rice Department, Thailand Rice Science Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Suphan Buri, Thailand
| | - Phanchita Vejchasarn
- Ubon Ratchathani Rice Research Center, Rice Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bertolino LT, Caine RS, Zoulias N, Yin X, Chater CCC, Biswal A, Quick WP, Gray JE. Stomatal Development and Gene Expression in Rice Florets. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:1679-1694. [PMID: 35993973 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Stomata play a fundamental role in modulating the exchange of gases between plants and the atmosphere. These microscopic structures form in high numbers on the leaf epidermis and are also present on flowers. Although leaf stomata are well studied, little attention has been paid to the development or function of floral stomata. Here, we characterize in detail the spatial distribution and development of the floral stomata of the indica rice variety IR64. We show that stomatal complexes are present at low density on specific areas of the lemma, palea and anthers and are morphologically different compared to stomata found on leaves. We reveal that in the bract-like organs, stomatal development follows the same cell lineage transitions as in rice leaves and demonstrate that the overexpression of the stomatal development regulators OsEPFL9-1 and OsEPF1 leads to dramatic changes in stomatal density in rice floral organs, producing lemma with approximately twice as many stomata (OsEPFL9-1_oe) or lemma where stomata are practically absent (OsEPF1_oe). Transcriptomic analysis of developing florets also indicates that the cellular transitions during the development of floral stomata are regulated by the same genetic network used in rice leaves. Finally, although we were unable to detect an impact on plant reproduction linked to changes in the density of floral stomata, we report alterations in global gene expression in lines overexpressing OsEPF1 and discuss how our results reflect on the possible role(s) of floral stomata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lígia T Bertolino
- Grantham Centre for Sustainable Futures, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Robert S Caine
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Nicholas Zoulias
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Xiaojia Yin
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Caspar C C Chater
- Trait Diversity and Function, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Akshaya Biswal
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico City 06600, Mexico
| | - William P Quick
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Julie E Gray
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu X, Jiang H, Yang J, Han J, Jin M, Zhang H, Chen L, Chen S, Teng S. Comprehensive QTL analyses of nitrogen use efficiency in indica rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:992225. [PMID: 36212385 PMCID: PMC9539535 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.992225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) in rice is a complex quantitative trait involved in multiple biological processes and agronomic traits; however, the genetic basis and regulatory network of NUE remain largely unknown. We constructed a high-resolution microarray-based genetic map for 261 recombinant inbred lines derived from two indica parents. Using 2,345 bin markers, comprehensive analyses of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of seven key agronomic traits under two different N levels were performed. A total of 11 non-redundant QTLs for effective panicle number (EPN), 7 for grain number per panicle, 13 for thousand-grain weight, 2 for seed-setting percentage, 15 for plant height, 12 for panicle length, and 6 for grain yield per plant were identified. The QTL regions were as small as 512 kb on average, and more than half spanned an interval smaller than 100 kb. Using this advantage, we identified possible candidate genes of two major EPN-related QTLs. One QTL detected under both N levels possibly encodes a DELLA protein SLR1, which is known to regulate NUE, although the natural variations of this protein have not been reported. The other QTL detected only under a high N level could encode the transcription factor OsbZIP59. We also predicted the possible candidate genes for another three of the NUE-related QTLs. Our results provide a reference for improving NUE-related QTL cloning and promote our understanding of NUE regulation in indica rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan Liu
- College of Material and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Han
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Sunlu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Teng
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chun JI, Kim SM, Jeong NR, Kim SH, Jung C, Kang JH. Tomato ARPC1 regulates trichome morphology and density and terpene biosynthesis. PLANTA 2022; 256:38. [PMID: 35821288 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on transcriptomic analysis of wild-type and mutant tomato plants, ARPC1 was found to be important for trichome formation and development and it plays a key role in terpene synthesis. Trichomes are protruding epidermal cells in plant species. They function as the first defense layer against biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite the essential role of tomato trichomes in defense against herbivores, the understanding of their development is still incomplete. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify genes involved in trichome formation and morphology and terpene synthesis, using transcriptomic techniques. To achieve this, we examined leaf morphology and compared the expression levels of some putative genes involved in trichome formation between wild-type (WT) and hairless-3 (hl-3) tomato mutant. The hl-3 plants displayed swollen and distorted trichomes and reduced trichome density (type I and IV) and terpene synthesis compared with that of the WT plants. Gene expression analysis showed that Actin-Related Protein Component1 (ARPC1) was expressed more highly in the WT than in the hl-3 mutant, indicating its critical role in trichome morphology and density. Additionally, the expression of MYC1 and several terpene synthase genes (TPS9, 12, 20), which are involved in type VI trichome initiation and terpene synthesis, was lower in the hl-3 mutant than in the WT plants. Moreover, transformation of the hl-3 mutant with WT ARPC1 restored normal trichome structure and density, and terpene synthesis. Structural and amino acid sequence analysis showed that there was a missplicing mutation in the hl-3 mutant, which was responsible for the abnormal trichome structure and density, and impaired terpene synthesis. Overall, the findings of this study demonstrated that ARPC1 is involved in regulating trichome structure and terpene synthesis in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-In Chun
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Integrated Major in Global Smart Farm, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institutes of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, PyeongChang, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Min Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Integrated Major in Global Smart Farm, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institutes of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, PyeongChang, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Rae Jeong
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, PyeongChang, 25354, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Choonkyun Jung
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Integrated Major in Global Smart Farm, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institutes of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, PyeongChang, 25354, Republic of Korea
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, PyeongChang, 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Kang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources and Integrated Major in Global Smart Farm, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Institutes of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, PyeongChang, 25354, Republic of Korea.
- Department of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, PyeongChang, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shariatipour N, Heidari B, Tahmasebi A, Richards C. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Micronutrient Contents, Grain Quality, and Agronomic Traits in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:709817. [PMID: 34712248 PMCID: PMC8546302 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.709817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Comparative genomics and meta-quantitative trait loci (MQTLs) analysis are important tools for the identification of reliable and stable QTLs and functional genes controlling quantitative traits. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify the most stable QTLs for grain yield (GY), grain quality traits, and micronutrient contents in wheat. A total of 735 QTLs retrieved from 27 independent mapping populations reported in the last 13 years were used for the meta-analysis. The results showed that 449 QTLs were successfully projected onto the genetic consensus map which condensed to 100 MQTLs distributed on wheat chromosomes. This consolidation of MQTLs resulted in a three-fold reduction in the confidence interval (CI) compared with the CI for the initial QTLs. Projection of QTLs revealed that the majority of QTLs and MQTLs were in the non-telomeric regions of chromosomes. The majority of micronutrient MQTLs were located on the A and D genomes. The QTLs of thousand kernel weight (TKW) were frequently associated with QTLs for GY and grain protein content (GPC) with co-localization occurring at 55 and 63%, respectively. The co- localization of QTLs for GY and grain Fe was found to be 52% and for QTLs of grain Fe and Zn, it was found to be 66%. The genomic collinearity within Poaceae allowed us to identify 16 orthologous MQTLs (OrMQTLs) in wheat, rice, and maize. Annotation of promising candidate genes (CGs) located in the genomic intervals of the stable MQTLs indicated that several CGs (e.g., TraesCS2A02G141400, TraesCS3B02G040900, TraesCS4D02G323700, TraesCS3B02G077100, and TraesCS4D02G290900) had effects on micronutrients contents, yield, and yield-related traits. The mapping refinements leading to the identification of these CGs provide an opportunity to understand the genetic mechanisms driving quantitative variation for these traits and apply this information for crop improvement programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikwan Shariatipour
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Heidari
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Tahmasebi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Christopher Richards
- USDA ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu S, Jobert F, Rahneshan Z, Doyle SM, Robert S. Solving the Puzzle of Shape Regulation in Plant Epidermal Pavement Cells. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 72:525-550. [PMID: 34143651 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-080720-081920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The plant epidermis serves many essential functions, including interactions with the environment, protection, mechanical strength, and regulation of tissue and organ growth. To achieve these functions, specialized epidermal cells develop into particular shapes. These include the intriguing interdigitated jigsaw puzzle shape of cotyledon and leaf pavement cells seen in many species, the precise functions of which remain rather obscure. Although pavement cell shape regulation is complex and still a long way from being fully understood, the roles of the cell wall, mechanical stresses, cytoskeleton, cytoskeletal regulatory proteins, and phytohormones are becoming clearer. Here, we provide a review of this current knowledge of pavement cell morphogenesis, generated from a wealth of experimental evidence and assisted by computational modeling approaches. We also discuss the evolution and potential functions of pavement cell interdigitation. Throughout the review, we highlight some of the thought-provoking controversies and creative theories surrounding the formation of the curious puzzle shape of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liu
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden; ,
| | - François Jobert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden; ,
| | - Zahra Rahneshan
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden; ,
| | - Siamsa M Doyle
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden; ,
| | - Stéphanie Robert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden; ,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pitaloka MK, Harrison EL, Hepworth C, Wanchana S, Toojinda T, Phetluan W, Brench RA, Narawatthana S, Vanavichit A, Gray JE, Caine RS, Arikit S. Rice Stomatal Mega-Papillae Restrict Water Loss and Pathogen Entry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:677839. [PMID: 34149777 PMCID: PMC8213340 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.677839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a water-intensive crop, and like other plants uses stomata to balance CO2 uptake with water-loss. To identify agronomic traits related to rice stomatal complexes, an anatomical screen of 64 Thai and 100 global rice cultivars was undertaken. Epidermal outgrowths called papillae were identified on the stomatal subsidiary cells of all cultivars. These were also detected on eight other species of the Oryza genus but not on the stomata of any other plant species we surveyed. Our rice screen identified two cultivars that had "mega-papillae" that were so large or abundant that their stomatal pores were partially occluded; Kalubala Vee had extra-large papillae, and Dharia had approximately twice the normal number of papillae. These were most accentuated on the flag leaves, but mega-papillae were also detectable on earlier forming leaves. Energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometry revealed that silicon is the major component of stomatal papillae. We studied the potential function(s) of mega-papillae by assessing gas exchange and pathogen infection rates. Under saturating light conditions, mega-papillae bearing cultivars had reduced stomatal conductance and their stomata were slower to close and re-open, but photosynthetic assimilation was not significantly affected. Assessment of an F3 hybrid population treated with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola indicated that subsidiary cell mega-papillae may aid in preventing bacterial leaf streak infection. Our results highlight stomatal mega-papillae as a novel rice trait that influences gas exchange, stomatal dynamics, and defense against stomatal pathogens which we propose could benefit the performance of future rice crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mutiara K. Pitaloka
- Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Emily L. Harrison
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Hepworth
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Samart Wanchana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Theerayut Toojinda
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Watchara Phetluan
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Robert A. Brench
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Supatthra Narawatthana
- Thailand Rice Science Institute, Rice Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Suphanburi, Thailand
| | - Apichart Vanavichit
- Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Julie E. Gray
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Julie E. Gray,
| | - Robert S. Caine
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Robert S. Caine,
| | - Siwaret Arikit
- Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Siwaret Arikit,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xie Q, Gao Y, Li J, Yang Q, Qu X, Li H, Zhang J, Wang T, Ye Z, Yang C. The HD-Zip IV transcription factor SlHDZIV8 controls multicellular trichome morphology by regulating the expression of Hairless-2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:7132-7145. [PMID: 32930788 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trichomes are specialized epidermal appendages that serve as excellent models to study cell morphogenesis. Although the molecular mechanism underlying trichome morphogenesis in Arabidopsis has been well characterized, most of the regulators essential for multicellular trichome morphology remain unknown in tomato. In this study, we determined that the recessive hairless-2 (hl-2) mutation in tomato causes severe distortion of all trichome types, along with increased stem fragility. Using map-based cloning, we found that the hl-2 phenotype was associated with a 100 bp insertion in the coding region of Nck-associated protein 1, a component of the SCAR/WAVE complex. Direct protein-protein interaction was detected between Hl-2 and Hl (SRA1, specifically Rac1-associated protein) using yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation assays, suggesting that these proteins may work together during trichome formation. In addition, knock-down of a HD-Zip IV transcription factor, HDZIPIV8, distorted trichomes similar to the hl-2 mutant. HDZIPIV8 regulates the expression of Hl-2 by binding to the L1-box in the Hl-2 promoter region, and is involved in organizing actin filaments. The brittleness of hl-2 stems was found to result from decreased cellulose content. Taken together, these findings suggest that the Hl-2 gene plays an important role in controlling multicellular trichome morphogenesis and mechanical properties of stems in tomato plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingmin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanna Gao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gavrin A, Rey T, Torode TA, Toulotte J, Chatterjee A, Kaplan JL, Evangelisti E, Takagi H, Charoensawan V, Rengel D, Journet EP, Debellé F, de Carvalho-Niebel F, Terauchi R, Braybrook S, Schornack S. Developmental Modulation of Root Cell Wall Architecture Confers Resistance to an Oomycete Pathogen. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4165-4176.e5. [PMID: 32888486 PMCID: PMC7658807 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The cell wall is the primary interface between plant cells and their immediate environment and must balance multiple functionalities, including the regulation of growth, the entry of beneficial microbes, and protection against pathogens. Here, we demonstrate how API, a SCAR2 protein component of the SCAR/WAVE complex, controls the root cell wall architecture important for pathogenic oomycete and symbiotic bacterial interactions in legumes. A mutation in API results in root resistance to the pathogen Phytophthora palmivora and colonization defects by symbiotic rhizobia. Although api mutant plants do not exhibit significant overall growth and development defects, their root cells display delayed actin and endomembrane trafficking dynamics and selectively secrete less of the cell wall polysaccharide xyloglucan. Changes associated with a loss of API establish a cell wall architecture with altered biochemical properties that hinder P. palmivora infection progress. Thus, developmental stage-dependent modifications of the cell wall, driven by SCAR/WAVE, are important in balancing cell wall developmental functions and microbial invasion. The SCAR protein API controls actin and endomembrane trafficking dynamics SCAR proteins of several plant species can support symbiosis and pathogen infection A mutation in API affects specific biochemical properties of plant cell walls An altered wall architecture results in root resistance to Phytophthora palmivora
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Gavrin
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Thomas Rey
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Thomas A Torode
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Justine Toulotte
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Abhishek Chatterjee
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Jonathan Louis Kaplan
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Edouard Evangelisti
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Hiroki Takagi
- Iwate Biotechnology Institute, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate 024-0003, Japan
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, and Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - David Rengel
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France; GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, INRA US1426, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Etienne-Pascal Journet
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France; AGIR, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENSFEA, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Frédéric Debellé
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | | | - Ryohei Terauchi
- Iwate Biotechnology Institute, 22-174-4 Narita, Kitakami, Iwate 024-0003, Japan
| | - Siobhan Braybrook
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, 610 Charles E Young Drive South, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sebastian Schornack
- Sainsbury Laboratory (SLCU), University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tang K, Yang S, Feng X, Wu T, Leng J, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Yu H, Gao J, Ma J, Feng X. GmNAP1 is essential for trichome and leaf epidermal cell development in soybean. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:609-621. [PMID: 32415514 PMCID: PMC7385028 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Map-based cloning revealed that two novel soybean distorted trichome mutants were due to loss function of GmNAP1 gene, which affected the trichome morphology and pavement cell ploidy by regulating actin filament assembly. Trichomes increase both biotic and abiotic stress resistance in soybean. In this study, Gmdtm1-1 and Gmdtm1-2 mutants with shorter trichomes and bigger epidermal pavement cells were isolated from an ethyl methylsulfonate mutagenized population. Both of them had reduced plant height and smaller seeds. Map-based cloning and bulked segregant analysis identified that a G-A transition at the 3' boundary of the sixth intron of Glyma.20G019300 in the Gmdtm1-1 mutant and another G-A transition mutation at the 5' boundary of the fourteenth intron of Glyma.20G019300 in Gmdtm1-2; these mutations disrupted spliceosome recognition sites creating truncated proteins. Glyma.20G019300 encodes a Glycine max NCK-associated protein 1 homolog (GmNAP1) in soybean. Further analysis revealed that the GmNAP1 involved in actin filament assembling and genetic information processing pathways during trichome and pavement cell development. This study shows that GmNAP1 plays an important role in soybean growth and development and agronomic traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuanqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Suxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China.
| | - Xingxing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiantian Leng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
| | - Huangkai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
| | - Jinshan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xianzhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Stomatal cell fate and patterning, which are regulated by key transcriptional factors and intercellular communications, are critical for plant growth and survival. The known regulators of stomatal development do not appear to have microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating them. Thus, it remains elusive as to whether and how miRNAs are involved in stomatal development. This study identifies stomatal lineage miRNAs including developmental stage-specific miRNAs. Genetic analysis shows that stomatal lineage miRNAs positively or negatively regulate stomatal formation and patterning. Moreover, biological processes modulated by stomatal lineage miRNAs reveal previously unknown regulatory pathways in stomatal development, indicating that miRNAs function as a critical element of stomatal development. These results provide a resource for guiding the study of stomatal development. Stomata in the plant epidermis play a critical role in growth and survival by controlling gas exchange, transpiration, and immunity to pathogens. Plants modulate stomatal cell fate and patterning through key transcriptional factors and signaling pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to contribute to developmental plasticity in multicellular organisms; however, no miRNAs appear to target the known regulators of stomatal development. It remains unclear as to whether miRNAs are involved in stomatal development. Here, we report highly dynamic, developmentally stage-specific miRNA expression profiles from stomatal lineage cells. We demonstrate that stomatal lineage miRNAs positively and negatively regulate stomatal formation and patterning to avoid clustered stomata. Target prediction of stomatal lineage miRNAs implicates potential cellular processes in stomatal development. We show that miR399-mediated PHO2 regulation, involved in phosphate homeostasis, contributes to the control of stomatal development. Our study demonstrates that miRNAs constitute a critical component in the regulatory mechanisms controlling stomatal development.
Collapse
|
13
|
Nunes TDG, Zhang D, Raissig MT. Form, development and function of grass stomata. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:780-799. [PMID: 31571301 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are cellular breathing pores on leaves that open and close to absorb photosynthetic carbon dioxide and to restrict water loss through transpiration, respectively. Grasses (Poaceae) form morphologically innovative stomata, which consist of two dumbbell-shaped guard cells flanked by two lateral subsidiary cells (SCs). This 'graminoid' morphology is associated with faster stomatal movements leading to more water-efficient gas exchange in changing environments. Here, we offer a genetic and mechanistic perspective on the unique graminoid form of grass stomata and the developmental innovations during stomatal cell lineage initiation, recruitment of SCs and stomatal morphogenesis. Furthermore, the functional consequences of the four-celled, graminoid stomatal morphology are summarized. We compile the identified players relevant for stomatal opening and closing in grasses, and discuss possible mechanisms leading to cell-type-specific regulation of osmotic potential and turgor. In conclusion, we propose that the investigation of functionally superior grass stomata might reveal routes to improve water-stress resilience of agriculturally relevant plants in a changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago D G Nunes
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dan Zhang
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael T Raissig
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
de Bang L, Paez-Garcia A, Cannon AE, Chin S, Kolape J, Liao F, Sparks JA, Jiang Q, Blancaflor EB. Brassinosteroids Inhibit Autotropic Root Straightening by Modifying Filamentous-Actin Organization and Dynamics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:5. [PMID: 32117357 PMCID: PMC7010715 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
When positioned horizontally, roots grow down toward the direction of gravity. This phenomenon, called gravitropism, is influenced by most of the major plant hormones including brassinosteroids. Epi-brassinolide (eBL) was previously shown to enhance root gravitropism, a phenomenon similar to the response of roots exposed to the actin inhibitor, latrunculin B (LatB). This led us to hypothesize that eBL might enhance root gravitropism through its effects on filamentous-actin (F-actin). This hypothesis was tested by comparing gravitropic responses of maize (Zea mays) roots treated with eBL or LatB. LatB- and eBL-treated roots displayed similar enhanced downward growth compared with controls when vertical roots were oriented horizontally. Moreover, the effects of the two compounds on root growth directionality were more striking on a slowly-rotating two-dimensional clinostat. Both compounds inhibited autotropism, a process in which the root straightened after the initial gravistimulus was withdrawn by clinorotation. Although eBL reduced F-actin density in chemically-fixed Z. mays roots, the impact was not as strong as that of LatB. Modification of F-actin organization after treatment with both compounds was also observed in living roots of barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) seedlings expressing genetically encoded F-actin reporters. Like in fixed Z. mays roots, eBL effects on F-actin in living M. truncatula roots were modest compared with those of LatB. Furthermore, live cell imaging revealed a decrease in global F-actin dynamics in hypocotyls of etiolated M. truncatula seedlings treated with eBL compared to controls. Collectively, our data indicate that eBL-and LatB-induced enhancement of root gravitropism can be explained by inhibited autotropic root straightening, and that eBL affects this process, in part, by modifying F-actin organization and dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise de Bang
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ashley E. Cannon
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Sabrina Chin
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Jaydeep Kolape
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Fuqi Liao
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - J. Alan Sparks
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Qingzhen Jiang
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Elison B. Blancaflor
- Noble Research Institute LLC, Ardmore, OK, United States
- *Correspondence: Elison B. Blancaflor,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
He Y, Zhou K, Wu Z, Li B, Fu J, Lin C, Jiang D. Highly Efficient Nanoscale Analysis of Plant Stomata and Cell Surface Using Polyaddition Silicone Rubber. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1569. [PMID: 31921235 PMCID: PMC6923247 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Stomata control gas exchange and water transpiration and are one of the most important physiological apparatuses in higher plants. The regulation of stomatal aperture is closely coordinated with photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, plant growth, development, and so on. With advances in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution images of plant stomata and cell surfaces can be obtained from detached plant tissues. However, this method does not allow for rapid analysis of the dynamic variation of plant stomata and cell surfaces in situ under nondestructive conditions. In this study, we demonstrated a novel plant surface impression technique (PSIT, Silagum-Light as correction impression material based on A-silicones for all two-phase impression techniques) that allows for precise analysis of plant stomata aperture and cell surfaces. Using this method, we successfully monitored the dynamic variation of stomata and observed the nanoscale microstructure of soybean leaf trichomes and dragonfly wings. Additionally, compared with the analytical precision and the time used for preparing the observation samples between PSIT and traditional SEM, the results suggested that the analytical precision of PSIT was the same to traditional SEM, but the PSIT was more easy to operate. Thus, our results indicated that PSIT can be widely applied to the plant science field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhemin Wu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Boxiu Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junliang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chinho Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dean Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang L, Chen L, Wang L, Yang Y, Rao Y, Ren D, Dai L, Gao Y, Zou W, Lu X, Zhang G, Zhu L, Hu J, Chen G, Shen L, Dong G, Gao Z, Guo L, Qian Q, Zeng D. A Nck-associated protein 1-like protein affects drought sensitivity by its involvement in leaf epidermal development and stomatal closure in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:884-897. [PMID: 30771248 PMCID: PMC6849750 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is a major environmental threat affecting crop yields worldwide. In this study, a drought stress-sensitive mutant drought sensitive 8 (ds8) was identified in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The DS8 gene was cloned using a map-based approach. Further analysis revealed that DS8 encoded a Nck-associated protein 1 (NAP1)-like protein, a component of the SCAR/WAVE complex, which played a vital role in actin filament nucleation activity. The mutant exhibited changes in leaf cuticle development. Functional analysis revealed that the mutation of DS8 increased stomatal density and impaired stomatal closure activity. The distorted actin filaments in the mutant led to a defect in abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stomatal closure and increased ABA accumulation. All these resulted in excessive water loss in ds8 leaves. Notably, antisense transgenic lines also exhibited increased drought sensitivity, along with impaired stomatal closure and elevated ABA levels. These findings suggest that DS8 affects drought sensitivity by influencing actin filament activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Yaolong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- College of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Liping Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Yihong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Weiwei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Xueli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vőfély RV, Gallagher J, Pisano GD, Bartlett M, Braybrook SA. Of puzzles and pavements: a quantitative exploration of leaf epidermal cell shape. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:540-552. [PMID: 30281798 PMCID: PMC6585845 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal cells of leaves are diverse: tabular pavement cells, trichomes, and stomatal complexes. Pavement cells from the monocot Zea mays (maize) and the eudicot Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) have highly undulate anticlinal walls. The molecular basis for generating these undulating margins has been extensively investigated in these species. This has led to two assumptions: first, that particular plant lineages are characterized by particular pavement cell shapes; and second, that undulatory cell shapes are common enough to be model shapes. To test these assumptions, we quantified pavement cell shape in epidermides from the leaves of 278 vascular plant taxa. We found that monocot pavement cells tended to have weakly undulating margins, fern cells had strongly undulating margins, and eudicot cells showed no particular undulation degree. Cells with highly undulating margins, like those of Arabidopsis and maize, were in the minority. We also found a trend towards more undulating cell margins on abaxial leaf surfaces; and that highly elongated leaves in ferns, monocots and gymnosperms tended to have highly elongated cells. Our results reveal the diversity of pavement cell shapes, and lays the quantitative groundwork for testing hypotheses about pavement cell form and function within a phylogenetic context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Róza V. Vőfély
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeBateman StreetCambridgeCB1 2LRUK
| | - Joseph Gallagher
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts611 North Pleasant StreetAmherstMA01003‐9297USA
| | - Grace D. Pisano
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts611 North Pleasant StreetAmherstMA01003‐9297USA
| | - Madelaine Bartlett
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Massachusetts611 North Pleasant StreetAmherstMA01003‐9297USA
| | - Siobhan A. Braybrook
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeBateman StreetCambridgeCB1 2LRUK
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental BiologyUniversity of California at Los Angeles610 Charles E Young Dr. SouthLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of California at Los Angeles611 Charles E. Young Drive EastLos AngelesCA90095‐1570USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vőfély RV, Gallagher J, Pisano GD, Bartlett M, Braybrook SA. Of puzzles and pavements: a quantitative exploration of leaf epidermal cell shape. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019. [PMID: 30281798 DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g4q6pv3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal cells of leaves are diverse: tabular pavement cells, trichomes, and stomatal complexes. Pavement cells from the monocot Zea mays (maize) and the eudicot Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) have highly undulate anticlinal walls. The molecular basis for generating these undulating margins has been extensively investigated in these species. This has led to two assumptions: first, that particular plant lineages are characterized by particular pavement cell shapes; and second, that undulatory cell shapes are common enough to be model shapes. To test these assumptions, we quantified pavement cell shape in epidermides from the leaves of 278 vascular plant taxa. We found that monocot pavement cells tended to have weakly undulating margins, fern cells had strongly undulating margins, and eudicot cells showed no particular undulation degree. Cells with highly undulating margins, like those of Arabidopsis and maize, were in the minority. We also found a trend towards more undulating cell margins on abaxial leaf surfaces; and that highly elongated leaves in ferns, monocots and gymnosperms tended to have highly elongated cells. Our results reveal the diversity of pavement cell shapes, and lays the quantitative groundwork for testing hypotheses about pavement cell form and function within a phylogenetic context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Róza V Vőfély
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB1 2LR, UK
| | - Joseph Gallagher
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003-9297, USA
| | - Grace D Pisano
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003-9297, USA
| | - Madelaine Bartlett
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, 611 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003-9297, USA
| | - Siobhan A Braybrook
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge, CB1 2LR, UK
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, 610 Charles E Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, 611 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1570, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Apostolakos P, Livanos P, Giannoutsou E, Panteris E, Galatis B. The intracellular and intercellular cross-talk during subsidiary cell formation in Zea mays: existing and novel components orchestrating cell polarization and asymmetric division. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:679-696. [PMID: 29346521 PMCID: PMC6215039 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Formation of stomatal complexes in Poaceae is the outcome of three asymmetric and one symmetric cell division occurring in particular leaf protodermal cells. In this definite sequence of cell division events, the generation of subsidiary cells is of particular importance and constitutes an attractive model for studying local intercellular stimulation. In brief, an induction stimulus emitted by the guard cell mother cells (GMCs) triggers a series of polarization events in their laterally adjacent protodermal cells. This signal determines the fate of the latter cells, forcing them to divide asymmetrically and become committed to subsidiary cell mother cells (SMCs). Scope This article summarizes old and recent structural and molecular data mostly derived from Zea mays, focusing on the interplay between GMCs and SMCs, and on the unique polarization sequence occurring in both cell types. Recent evidence suggests that auxin operates as an inducer of SMC polarization/asymmetric division. The intercellular auxin transport is facilitated by the distribution of a specific transmembrane auxin carrier and requires reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, the local differentiation of the common cell wall between SMCs and GMCs is one of the earliest features of SMC polarization. Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases, Rho-like plant GTPases as well as the SCAR/WAVE regulatory complex also participate in the perception of the morphogenetic stimulus and have been implicated in certain polarization events in SMCs. Moreover, the transduction of the auxin signal and its function are assisted by phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and the products of the catalytic activity of phospholipases C and D. Conclusion In the present review, the possible role(s) of each of the components in SMC polarization and asymmetric division are discussed, and an overall perspective on the mechanisms beyond these phenomena is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Apostolakos
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - P Livanos
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Giannoutsou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Panteris
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - B Galatis
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sotiriou P, Giannoutsou E, Panteris E, Galatis B, Apostolakos P. Local differentiation of cell wall matrix polysaccharides in sinuous pavement cells: its possible involvement in the flexibility of cell shape. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:223-237. [PMID: 29247575 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of homogalacturonans (HGAs) displaying different degrees of esterification as well as of callose was examined in cell walls of mature pavement cells in two angiosperm and two fern species. We investigated whether local cell wall matrix differentiation may enable pavement cells to respond to mechanical tension forces by transiently altering their shape. HGA epitopes, identified with 2F4, JIM5 and JIM7 antibodies, and callose were immunolocalised in hand-made or semithin leaf sections. Callose was also stained with aniline blue. The structure of pavement cells was studied with light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In all species examined, pavement cells displayed wavy anticlinal cell walls, but the waviness pattern differed between angiosperms and ferns. The angiosperm pavement cells were tightly interconnected throughout their whole depth, while in ferns they were interconnected only close to the external periclinal cell wall and intercellular spaces were developed between them close to the mesophyll. Although the HGA epitopes examined were located along the whole cell wall surface, the 2F4- and JIM5- epitopes were especially localised at cell lobe tips. In fern pavement cells, the contact sites were impregnated with callose and JIM5-HGA epitopes. When tension forces were applied on leaf regions, the pavement cells elongated along the stretching axis, due to a decrease in waviness of anticlinal cell walls. After removal of tension forces, the original cell shape was resumed. The presented data support that HGA epitopes make the anticlinal pavement cell walls flexible, in order to reversibly alter their shape. Furthermore, callose seems to offer stability to cell contacts between pavement cells, as already suggested in photosynthetic mesophyll cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sotiriou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Giannoutsou
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Panteris
- Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - B Galatis
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - P Apostolakos
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang Y, Wang Y, Jia L, Yang G, Xu X, Zhai H, He S, Li J, Dai X, Qin N, Zhu C, Liu Q. Involvement of an ABI-like protein and a Ca2+-ATPase in drought tolerance as revealed by transcript profiling of a sweetpotato somatic hybrid and its parents Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. and I. triloba L. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193193. [PMID: 29466419 PMCID: PMC5821372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we obtained the sweetpotato somatic hybrid KT1 from a cross between sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cv. Kokei No. 14 and its drought-tolerant wild relative I. triloba L. KT1 not only inherited the thick storage root characteristic of Kokei No. 14 but also the drought-tolerance trait of I. triloba L. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of the drought tolerance of KT1. Four-week-old in vitro-grown plants of KT1, Kokei No. 14, and I. triloba L. were subjected to a simulated drought stress treatment (30% PEG6000) for 0, 6, 12 and 24 h. Total RNA was extracted from samples at each time point, and then used for transcriptome sequencing. The gene transcript profiles of KT1 and its parents were compared to identify differentially expressed genes, and drought-related modules were screened by a weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The functions of ABI-like protein and Ca2+-ATPase, two proteins screened from the cyan and light yellow modules, were analyzed in terms of their potential roles in drought tolerance in KT1 and its parents. These analyses of the drought responses of KT1 and its somatic donors at the transcriptional level provide new annotations for the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance in the somatic hybrid KT1 and its parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yang
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yannan Wang
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Licong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guohong Yang
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinzhi Xu
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaozhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Li
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Dai
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Qin
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cancan Zhu
- Food Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li J, Zhang J, Jia H, Liu B, Sun P, Hu J, Wang L, Lu M. The WUSCHEL-related homeobox 5a (PtoWOX5a) is involved in adventitious root development in poplar. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:139-153. [PMID: 29036435 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Adventitious rooting is an essential step in vegetative propagation. Currently, the mechanism that regulates adventitious root (AR) development in woody plants is poorly understood. This work demonstrates that Populus tomentosa WUSCHEL-related homeobox 5a (PtoWOX5a) transcription factor is involved in AR development in poplar. PtoWOX5a was specifically expressed in the AR tip and lateral root tip during AR and lateral root regeneration from the stem segment. Phenotypic complementation experiments indicated that the PtoWOX5a can functionally complement AtWOX5 in quiescent center (QC) cells. Overexpression of PtoWOX5a introduces significant developmental phenotypes in roots and leaves, such as increased AR number, decreased AR length, swollen AR tip and lateral root tip, and decreased leaf number and area. The conserved mechanism of D-type cyclins (CYCD) repression mediated by WOX5 was confirmed in poplar. The co-expression network of PtWOX5a was constructed, which provided clues to reveal the molecular mechanism of PtoWOX5a in AR development in poplar. Taken together, our results suggest that the PtoWOX5a is involved in AR development though cooperating with a series of functional genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Huixia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Bobin Liu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Pei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Paez-Garcia A, Sparks JA, de Bang L, Blancaflor EB. Plant Actin Cytoskeleton: New Functions from Old Scaffold. PLANT CELL MONOGRAPHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69944-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|