1
|
Chong X, Liu Y, Li P, Wang Y, Zhou T, Chen H, Wang H. Heterologous Expression of Chrysanthemum TCP Transcription Factor CmTCP13 Enhances Salinity Tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2118. [PMID: 39124235 PMCID: PMC11313808 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Plant-specific TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR (TCP) proteins play critical roles in plant development and stress responses; however, their functions in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) have not been well-studied. In this study, we isolated and characterized the chrysanthemum TCP transcription factor family gene CmTCP13, a homolog of AtTCP13. This gene encoded a protein harboring a conserved basic helix-loop-helix motif, and its expression was induced by salinity stress in chrysanthemum plants. Subcellular localization experiments showed that CmTCP13 localized in the nucleus. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of multiple stress- and hormone-responsive cis-elements in the promoter region of CmTCP13. The heterologous expression of CmTCP13 in Arabidopsis plants enhanced their tolerance to salinity stress. Under salinity stress, CmTCP13 transgenic plants exhibited enhanced germination, root length, seedling growth, and chlorophyll content and reduced relative electrical conductivity compared with those exhibited by wild-type (WT) plants. Moreover, the expression levels of stress-related genes, including AtSOS3, AtP5CS2, AtRD22, AtRD29A, and AtDREB2A, were upregulated in CmTCP13 transgenic plants than in WT plants under salt stress. Taken together, our results demonstrate that CmTCP13 is a critical regulator of salt stress tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Chong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Institute of Jiangxi Oil-Tea Camellia, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Peiling Li
- College of Horticulture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Joshi H, Tiwari S, Berendzen K, Mishra SK, Prasad V, Harter K, Chauhan PS. Novel nucleus-localized GRAM protein encoding OsGRAM57 gene enhances salt tolerance through ABA-dependent pathway and modulated carbohydrate metabolism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132683. [PMID: 38801846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
GRAM (Glucosyltransferases-like GTPase activators and Myotubularin) domain-encoding proteins play pivotal roles in plant growth and responses to biotic stresses. Yet, their influence on abiotic stress responses has remained enigmatic. This study unveils a novel nucleus-localized OsGRAM57, a GRAM protein-encoding gene and its profound regulatory functions in enhancing salt stress tolerance using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model plant. OsGRAM57-OEX (OsGRAM57-OEX) lines displayed significant enhancement in salt tolerance, modulated physiological, biochemical, K+/Na+ ratios, and enzymatic indices as compared to their wild-type (WT). Furthermore, OsGRAM57-OEX seedlings demonstrate increased levels of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and other phytohormones, while metabolic profiling revealed enhanced carbohydrate metabolism. Delving into the ABA signaling pathway, OsGRAM57 emerged as a central regulator, orchestrating the expression of genes crucial for salt stress responses, carbohydrate metabolism, and ABA signaling. The observed interactions with target genes and transactivation assays provided additional support for OsGRAM57's pivotal role. These findings underscore OsGRAM57's positive influence on the ABA pathway and affirm its capacity to enhance salt tolerance through an ABA-dependent pathway and fine-tuned carbohydrate metabolism. In summary, this new study reveals the previously undiscovered regulatory roles of OsGRAM57 in Arabidopsis abiotic stress responses, offering promising ways for strengthening plant resilience in the face of adverse environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Joshi
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Shalini Tiwari
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Department of Agricultural and Biosystems engineering, South Dakota State University, USA
| | | | - Shashank Kumar Mishra
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Vivek Prasad
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Klaus Harter
- ZMBP, Plant Physiology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Puneet Singh Chauhan
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Yang H, Liu Y, Hou Q, Jian S, Deng S. Molecular cloning and characterization of a salt overly sensitive3 (SOS3) gene from the halophyte Pongamia. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:57. [PMID: 38743266 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
A high concentration of sodium (Na+) is the primary stressor for plants in high salinity environments. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway is one of the best-studied signal transduction pathways, which confers plants the ability to export too much Na+ out of the cells or translocate the cytoplasmic Na+ into the vacuole. In this study, the Salt Overly Sensitive3 (MpSOS3) gene from Pongamia (Millettia pinnata Syn. Pongamia pinnata), a semi-mangrove, was isolated and characterized. The MpSOS3 protein has canonical EF-hand motifs conserved in other calcium-binding proteins and an N-myristoylation signature sequence. The MpSOS3 gene was significantly induced by salt stress, especially in Pongamia roots. Expression of the wild-type MpSOS3 but not the mutated nonmyristoylated MpSOS3-G2A could rescue the salt-hypersensitive phenotype of the Arabidopsis sos3-1 mutant, which suggested the N-myristoylation signature sequence of MpSOS3 was required for MpSOS3 function in plant salt tolerance. Heterologous expression of MpSOS3 in Arabidopsis accumulated less H2O2, superoxide anion radical (O2-), and malondialdehyde (MDA) than wild-type plants, which enhanced the salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Under salt stress, MpSOS3 transgenic plants accumulated a lower content of Na+ and a higher content of K+ than wild-type plants, which maintained a better K+/Na+ ratio in transgenic plants. Moreover, no development and growth discrepancies were observed in the MpSOS3 heterologous overexpression plants compared to wild-type plants. Our results demonstrated that the MpSOS3 pathway confers a conservative salt-tolerant role and provided a foundation for further study of the SOS pathway in Pongamia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yujuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiongzhao Hou
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuguang Jian
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Shulin Deng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun Y, Tian Z, Zuo D, Wang Q, Song G. GhUBC10-2 mediates GhGSTU17 degradation to regulate salt tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1606-1624. [PMID: 38282268 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBC) is a crucial component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which contributes to plant growth and development. While some UBCs have been identified as potential regulators of abiotic stress responses, the underlying mechanisms of this regulation remain poorly understood. Here, we report a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) UBC gene, GhUBC10-2, which negatively regulates the salt stress response. We found that the gain of function of GhUBC10-2 in both Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and cotton leads to reduced salinity tolerance. Additionally, GhUBC10-2 interacts with glutathione S-transferase (GST) U17 (GhGSTU17), forming a heterodimeric complex that promotes GhGSTU17 degradation. Intriguingly, GhUBC10-2 can be self-polyubiquitinated, suggesting that it possesses E3-independent activity. Our findings provide new insights into the PTM of plant GST-mediated salt response pathways. Furthermore, we found that the WRKY transcription factor GhWRKY13 binds to the GhUBC10-2 promoter and suppresses its expression under salt conditions. Collectively, our study unveils a regulatory module encompassing GhWRKY13-GhUBC10-2-GhGSTU17, which orchestrates the modulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis to enhance salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zailong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Dongyun Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Qiaolian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Guoli Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qiao Q, Huang Y, Dong H, Xing C, Han C, Lin L, Wang X, Su Z, Qi K, Xie Z, Huang X, Zhang S. The PbbHLH62/PbVHA-B1 module confers salt tolerance through modulating intracellular Na +/K + homeostasis and reactive oxygen species removal in pear. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108663. [PMID: 38678947 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a multi-subunit membrane protein complex, which plays pivotal roles in building up an electrochemical H+-gradient across tonoplast, energizing Na+ sequestration into the central vacuole, and enhancing salt stress tolerance in plants. In this study, a B subunit of V-ATPase gene, PbVHA-B1 was discovered and isolated from stress-induced P. betulaefolia combining with RT-PCR method. The RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression level of PbVHA-B1 was upregulated by salt, drought, cold, and exogenous ABA treatment. Subcellular localization analyses showed that PbVHA-B1 was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Moreover, overexpression of PbVHA-B1 gene noticeably increased the ATPase activity and the tolerance to salt in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. In contrast, knockdown of PbVHA-B1 gene in P.betulaefolia by virus-induced gene silencing had reduced resistance to salt stress. In addition, using yeast one-hybride (Y1H) and yeast two-hybride (Y2H) screens, PbbHLH62, a bHLH transcription factor, was identified as a partner of the PbVHA-B1 promoter and protein. Then, we also found that PbbHLH62 positively regulate the expression of PbVHA-B1 and the ATPase activity after salt stress treatment. These findings provide evidence that PbbHLH62 played a critical role in the salt response. Collectively, our results demonstrate that a PbbHLH62/PbVHA-B1 module plays a positive role in salt tolerance by maintain intracellular ion and ROS homeostasis in pear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China.
| | - Yongdan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Huizhen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Caihua Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Chenyang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Likun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Kaijie Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhihua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Xiaosan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sugumar T, Shen G, Smith J, Zhang H. Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1238. [PMID: 38732452 PMCID: PMC11085490 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, the changes in the agriculture industry have been inevitable, considering the need to feed the growing population. As the world population continues to grow, food security has become challenged. Resources such as arable land and freshwater have become scarce due to quick urbanization in developing countries and anthropologic activities; expanding agricultural production areas is not an option. Environmental and climatic factors such as drought, heat, and salt stresses pose serious threats to food production worldwide. Therefore, the need to utilize the remaining arable land and water effectively and efficiently and to maximize the yield to support the increasing food demand has become crucial. It is essential to develop climate-resilient crops that will outperform traditional crops under any abiotic stress conditions such as heat, drought, and salt, as well as these stresses in any combinations. This review provides a glimpse of how plant breeding in agriculture has evolved to overcome the harsh environmental conditions and what the future would be like.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tharanya Sugumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang HR, Han SM, Wang DH, Zhao ZR, Ling H, Yu YN, Liu ZY, Gai YP, Ji XL. Unraveling the Contribution of MulSOS2 in Conferring Salinity Tolerance in Mulberry ( Morus atropurpurea Roxb). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3628. [PMID: 38612440 PMCID: PMC11012014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most serious threats to sustainable agriculture. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway plays an important role in salinity tolerance in plants, and the SOS2 gene plays a critical role in this pathway. Mulberry not only has important economic value but also is an important ecological tree species; however, the roles of the SOS2 gene associated with salt stress have not been reported in mulberry. To gain insight into the response of mulberry to salt stress, SOS2 (designated MulSOS2) was cloned from mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb), and sequence analysis of the amino acids of MulSOS2 showed that it shares some conserved domains with its homologs from other plant species. Our data showed that the MulSOS2 gene was expressed at different levels in different tissues of mulberry, and its expression was induced substantially not only by NaCl but also by ABA. In addition, MulSOS2 was exogenously expressed in Arabidopsis, and the results showed that under salt stress, transgenic MulSOS2 plants accumulated more proline and less malondialdehyde than the wild-type plants and exhibited increased tolerance to salt stress. Moreover, the MulSOS2 gene was transiently overexpressed in mulberry leaves and stably overexpressed in the hairy roots, and similar results were obtained for resistance to salt stress in transgenic mulberry plants. Taken together, the results of this study are helpful to further explore the function of the MulSOS2 gene, which provides a valuable gene for the genetic breeding of salt tolerance in mulberry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rui Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Sheng-Mei Han
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Dong-Hao Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Zhen-Rui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Hui Ling
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Yun-Na Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Zhao-Yang Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Ying-Ping Gai
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Xian-Ling Ji
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hong MJ, Ko CS, Kim JB, Kim DY. Identification and transcriptomic profiling of salinity stress response genes in colored wheat mutant. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17043. [PMID: 38464747 PMCID: PMC10924784 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Salinity is a major abiotic stress that prevents normal plant growth and development, ultimately reducing crop productivity. This study investigated the effects of salinity stress on two wheat lines: PL1 (wild type) and PL6 (mutant line generated through gamma irradiation of PL1). Results The salinity treatment was carried out with a solution consisting of a total volume of 200 mL containing 150 mM NaCl. Salinity stress negatively impacted germination and plant growth in both lines, but PL6 exhibited higher tolerance. PL6 showed lower Na+ accumulation and higher K+ levels, indicating better ion homeostasis. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct gene expression patterns between PL1 and PL6 under salt stress, resulting in notable phenotypic differences. Gene ontology analysis revealed positive correlations between salt stress and defense response, glutathione metabolism, peroxidase activity, and reactive oxygen species metabolic processes, highlighting the importance of antioxidant activities in salt tolerance. Additionally, hormone-related genes, transcription factors, and protein kinases showed differential expression, suggesting their roles in the differential salt stress response. Enrichment of pathways related to flavonoid biosynthesis and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in PL6 may contribute to its enhanced antioxidant activities. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes associated with the circadian clock system, cytoskeleton organization, and cell wall organization shed light on the plant's response to salt stress. Conclusions Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing stress-tolerant crop varieties, improving agricultural practices, and breeding salt-resistant crops to enhance global food production and address food security challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Chan Seop Ko
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Kim
- Plant Resources, Kongju National University, Yesan-eup, Chungnam, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alsubhi SA, Aljeddani GS, Fallatah TA. Comparative assessment of metabolic, ionic and molecular responsiveness of four facultative halophytes to habitat salinization in the southwest of Jeddah Governorate, Saudi Arabia. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 83:e277342. [PMID: 38422268 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.277342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the influence of salinity on some physiological and biochemical pathways of four facultative halophytes (Abutilon pannosum, Indigofera oblongifolia, Senna italica, and Tetraena coccinea) along the southwest coast of Jeddah Governorate. Through a comparative analysis of these plants in both saline and non-saline environments, the study investigates chlorophyll levels, ion concentrations within the plants, the correlation with the SOS1 gene, and the impact of salinity on metabolic compounds. The overarching goal is to gain insights into the adaptive mechanisms of these specific plants to salt stress, providing valuable information for addressing global agricultural challenges associated with salinity. Throughout the study, metabolic, ionic, and molecular responses of these plants were scrutinized in both environments. The findings revealed elevated levels of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in saline habitats, except for Na+ in I. oblongifolia. Despite increased concentrations of Chl b, variations were noted in Chl a and carotenoids in plants exposed to salt. Osmoregulatory patterns in A. pannosum and I. oblongifolia exhibited reversible changes, including heightened protein and proline levels in A. pannosum and decreased levels in I. oblongifolia, accompanied by alterations in amino acids and soluble carbohydrates. Senna italica displayed higher levels of osmolytes, excluding proline, compared to salinized environments, while T. coccinea exhibited lower levels of amino acids. The accumulation of Na+ emerged as the primary mechanism for ionic homeostasis in these plants, with non-significant decreases observed in K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+. Notably, an overexpression of the SOS1 gene (plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter) was observed as a response to maintaining ionic balance. Understanding these halophytes will be critical in addressing salinity challenges and enhancing crop tolerance to salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Alsubhi
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - G S Aljeddani
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - T A Fallatah
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Yang Q, Huang H, Guo Y, Sun Q, Guo Z, Shi H. Overexpression of PvWAK3 from seashore paspalum increases salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis via maintenance of ion and ROS homeostasis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108337. [PMID: 38199027 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum O. Swartz) is an important warm-season turfgrass species with extreme salt tolerance, but investigations on its salt tolerance mechanism are limited. A salt induced PvWAK3 from halophyte seashore paspalum was identified in this study. Overexpression of PvWAK3 in Arabidopsis led to increased salt tolerance. Transgenic plants had higher levels of seed germination rate, root length, number of lateral roots, shoot weight, survival rate, Fv/Fm, ETR, and NPQ compared with the wild type (WT) under salt stress. Na+ content was increased and K+ content was decreased after salinity treatment, with lower levels of Na+ and Na+/K+ ratio but higher level of K+ in transgenic plants than in WT under salt stress. The improved maintenance of Na+ and K+ homeostasis was associated with the higher transcript levels of K + -Uptake Permease 4 (KUP4), Potassium Transport 2/3 (AKT2), Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) and High-Affinity K + Transporter 5 (HAK5) in transgenic plants compared with WT. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate-peroxidase (APX) activities, proline concentration, and P5CS1 transcript were increased after salinity treatment, with higher levels in transgenic lines compared with WT, which led to reduced accumulation of O2·- and H2O2 under salt stress. It is suggested that PvWAK3 regulates salt tolerance positively, which is associated with promoted Na+ and K+ homeostasis, activated antioxidant enzymes, and proline biosynthesis under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Li
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grass Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grass Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Hanmei Huang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grass Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Yawen Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grass Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Qiguo Sun
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, China.
| | - Zhenfei Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grass Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Haifan Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grass Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Modareszadeh M, Bahmani R, Kim D, Hwang S. Tobacco NtUBC1 and NtUBQ2 enhance salt tolerance by reducing sodium accumulation and oxidative stress through proteasome activation in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108414. [PMID: 38324954 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitin/proteasome system plays a crucial role in the regulation of plant responses to environmental stress. Here, we studied the involvement of the UBC1 and UBQ2 genes encoding a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2) and ubiquitin extension protein, respectively, in the response to salt stress. Our results showed that the constitutive expression of tobacco NtUBC1 and NtUBQ2 in Arabidopsis thaliana improved salt tolerance, along with the lower Na+ level and higher K+/Na+ ratio compared to control plants. Moreover, the expression levels of sodium transporters, including AtHKT1 (High-Affinity K+ Transporter1) and AtSOS1 (Salt Overly Sensitive 1), were higher in NtUBC1- and NtUBQ2-Arabidopsis. However, the transcript level of AtNHX1 (Na+/H+ Exchanger 1) was similar between control and transgenic plants. After salt exposure, the activity of the 26S proteasome markedly increased in NtUBC1- and NtUBQ2-expressing plants; however, ubiquitinated protein levels decreased compared to control plants. Furthermore, higher activity of antioxidant enzymes and lower ROS production were observed in UBC1- and UBQ2-expressing plants. We further challenged atubc1, atubc2, and atubq2 single mutants and atubc1ubc2 double mutant lines with salt stress; interestingly, the salt sensitivity and sodium levels of the studied mutants were enhanced, while the potassium levels were reduced. However, the atubc1ubc2 double mutant illustrated a more severe phenotype than the single mutants, probably due to the redundant function of UBC1 and UBC2 in Arabidopsis. Taken together, NtUBC1 and NtUBQ2 enhance salt tolerance by enhancing 26S proteasome activity and reducing Na+ accumulation, ROS, and ubiquitinated/salt-denatured proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Modareszadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramin Bahmani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - DongGwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongbin Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea; Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang R, Chen P, Han M, Wang W, Hu X, He R, Tai F. Calcineurin B-like protein ZmCBL8-1 promotes salt stress resistance in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2024; 259:49. [PMID: 38285217 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION ZmCBL8-1 enhances salt stress tolerance in maize by improving the antioxidant system to neutralize ROS homeostasis and inducing Na+/H+ antiporter gene expressions of leaves. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) as plant-specific calcium sensors have been explored for their roles in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance. Further, the functional variations in ZmCBL8, encoding a component of the salt overly sensitive pathway, conferred the salt stress tolerance in maize. ZmCBL8-1 is a transcript of ZmCBL8 found in maize, but its function in the salt stress response is still unclear. The present study aimed to characterize the protein ZmCBL8-1 that was determined to be composed of 194 amino acids (aa) with three conserved EF hands responsible for binding Ca2+. However, a 20-aa fragment was found to be missing from its C-terminus relative to another transcript of ZmCBL8. Results indicated that it harbored a dual-lipid modification motif MGCXXS at its N-terminus and was located on the cell membrane. The accumulation of ZmCBL8-1 transcripts was high in the roots but relatively lower in the leaves of maize under normal condition. In contrast, its expression was significantly decreased in the roots, while increased in the leaves under NaCl treatment. The overexpression of ZmCBL8-1 resulted in higher salt stress resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis in a Ca2+-dependent manner relative to that of the wild type (WT). In ZmCBL8-1-overexpressing plants exposed to NaCl, the contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide were decreased in comparison with those in the WT, and the expression of key genes involved in the antioxidant defense system and Na+/H+ antiporter were upregulated. These results suggested that ZmCBL8-1 played a positive role in the response of leaves to salt stress by inducing the expression of Na+/H+ antiporter genes and enhancing the antioxidant system to neutralize the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. These observations further indicate that ZmCBL8-1 confers salt stress tolerance, suggesting that transcriptional regulation of the ZmCBL8 gene is important for salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Peimei Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Minglei Han
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Rui He
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Fuju Tai
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Giannelli G, Mattarozzi M, Gentili S, Fragni R, Maccari C, Andreoli R, Visioli G. A novel PGPR strain homologous to Beijerinckia fluminensis induces biochemical and molecular changes involved in Arabidopsis thaliana salt tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108187. [PMID: 38100889 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of PGPR is widely accepted as a promising tool for a more sustainable agricultural production and improved plant abiotic stress resistance. This study tested the ability of PVr_9, a novel bacterial strain, homologous to Beijerinckia fluminensis, to increase salt stress tolerance in A. thaliana. In vitro plantlets inoculated with PVr_9 and treated with 150 mM NaCl showed a reduction in primary root growth inhibition compared to uninoculated ones, and a leaf area significantly less affected by salt. Furthermore, salt-stressed PVr_9-inoculated plants had low ROS and 8-oxo-dG, osmolytes, and ABA content along with a modulation in antioxidant enzymatic activities. A significant decrease in Na+ in the leaves and a corresponding increase in the roots were also observed in salt-stressed inoculated plants. SOS1, NHX1 genes involved in plant salt tolerance, were up-regulated in PVr_9-inoculated plants, while different MYB genes involved in salt stress signal response were down-regulated in both roots and shoots. Thus, PVr_9 was able to increase salt tolerance in A. thaliana, thereby suggesting a role in ion homeostasis by reducing salt stress rather than inhibiting total Na+ uptake. These results showed a possible molecular mechanism of crosstalk between PVr_9 and plant roots to enhance salt tolerance, and highlighted this bacterium as a promising PGPR for field applications on agronomical crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Giannelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Monica Mattarozzi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Gentili
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Rosaria Fragni
- SSICA, Experimental Station for the Food Preserving Industry, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Maccari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Andreoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Centre for Research in Toxicology (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Visioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou H, Shi H, Yang Y, Feng X, Chen X, Xiao F, Lin H, Guo Y. Insights into plant salt stress signaling and tolerance. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:16-34. [PMID: 37647984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is an essential environmental stressor, threatening agricultural yield and ecological security worldwide. Saline soils accumulate excessive soluble salts which are detrimental to most plants by limiting plant growth and productivity. It is of great necessity for plants to efficiently deal with the adverse effects caused by salt stress for survival and successful reproduction. Multiple determinants of salt tolerance have been identified in plants, and the cellular and physiological mechanisms of plant salt response and adaption have been intensely characterized. Plants respond to salt stress signals and rapidly initiate signaling pathways to re-establish cellular homeostasis with adjusted growth and cellular metabolism. This review summarizes the advances in salt stress perception, signaling, and response in plants. A better understanding of plant salt resistance will contribute to improving crop performance under saline conditions using multiple engineering approaches. The rhizosphere microbiome-mediated plant salt tolerance as well as chemical priming for enhanced plant salt resistance are also discussed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Haifan Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xixian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kim JH, Lim SD, Jung KH, Jang CS. Overexpression of a C3HC4-type E3-ubiquitin ligase contributes to salinity tolerance by modulating Na + homeostasis in rice. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14075. [PMID: 38148225 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity has a negative effect on crop yield. Therefore, plants have evolved many strategies to overcome decreases in yield under saline conditions. Among these, E3-ubiquitin ligase regulates salt tolerance. We characterized Oryza sativa Really Interesting New Gene (RING) Finger C3HC4-type E3 ligase (OsRFPHC-4), which plays a positive role in improving salt tolerance. The expression of OsRFPHC-4 was downregulated by high NaCl concentrations and induced by abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. GFP-fused OsRFPHC-4 was localized to the plasma membrane of rice protoplasts. OsRFPHC-4 encodes a cellular protein with a C3HC4-RING domain with E3 ligase activity. However, its variant OsRFPHC-4C161A does not possess this activity. OsRFPHC-4-overexpressing plants showed enhanced salt tolerance due to low accumulation of Na+ in both roots and leaves, low Na+ transport in the xylem sap, high accumulation of proline and soluble sugars, high activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes, and differential regulation of Na+ /K+ transporter expression compared to wild-type (WT) and osrfphc-4 plants. In addition, OsRFPHC-4-overexpressing plants showed higher ABA sensitivity under exogenous ABA treatment than WT and osrfphc-4 plants. Overall, these results suggest that OsRFPHC-4 contributes to the improvement of salt tolerance and Na+ /K+ homeostasis via the regulation of changes in Na+ /K+ transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ho Kim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Don Lim
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Plant Life & Resource Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Jang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Senousy HH, Hamoud YA, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Mahmoud Al zoubi O, Abdelbaky NF, Zia-ur-Rehman M, Usman M, Soliman MH. Algal Bio-Stimulants Enhance Salt Tolerance in Common Bean: Dissecting Morphological, Physiological, and Genetic Mechanisms for Stress Adaptation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3714. [PMID: 37960071 PMCID: PMC10648064 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Salinity adversely affects the plant's morphological characteristics, but the utilization of aqueous algal extracts (AE) ameliorates this negative impact. In this study, the application of AE derived from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains effectively reversed the decline in biomass allocation and water relations, both in normal and salt-stressed conditions. The simultaneous application of both extracts in salt-affected soil notably enhanced key parameters, such as chlorophyll content (15%), carotene content (1%), photosynthesis (25%), stomatal conductance (7%), and transpiration rate (23%), surpassing those observed in the application of both AE in salt-affected as compared to salinity stress control. Moreover, the AE treatments effectively mitigated lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage induced by salinity stress. The application of AE led to an increase in GB (6%) and the total concentration of free amino acids (47%) by comparing with salt-affected control. Additionally, salinity stress resulted in an elevation of antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. Notably, the AE treatments significantly boosted the activity of these antioxidant enzymes under salinity conditions. Furthermore, salinity reduced mineral contents, but the application of AE effectively counteracted this decline, leading to increased mineral levels. In conclusion, the application of aqueous algal extracts, specifically those obtained from Chlorella vulgaris and Dunaliella salina strains, demonstrated significant efficacy in alleviating salinity-induced stress in Phaseolus vulgaris plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda H. Senousy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.S.)
| | - Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Hydrology and Water Recourses, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Omar Mahmoud Al zoubi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science Yanbu, Taibah University, Yanbu El-Bahr 46423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nessreen F. Abdelbaky
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (H.H.S.)
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu 46429, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fu H, Yang Y. How Plants Tolerate Salt Stress. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5914-5934. [PMID: 37504290 PMCID: PMC10378706 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization inhibits plant growth and seriously restricts food security and agricultural development. Excessive salt can cause ionic stress, osmotic stress, and ultimately oxidative stress in plants. Plants exclude excess salt from their cells to help maintain ionic homeostasis and stimulate phytohormone signaling pathways, thereby balancing growth and stress tolerance to enhance their survival. Continuous innovations in scientific research techniques have allowed great strides in understanding how plants actively resist salt stress. Here, we briefly summarize recent achievements in elucidating ionic homeostasis, osmotic stress regulation, oxidative stress regulation, and plant hormonal responses under salt stress. Such achievements lay the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of plant salt-tolerance mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liang L, Guo L, Zhai Y, Hou Z, Wu W, Zhang X, Wu Y, Liu X, Guo S, Gao G, Liu W. Genome-wide characterization of SOS1 gene family in potato ( Solanum tuberosum) and expression analyses under salt and hormone stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1201730. [PMID: 37457336 PMCID: PMC10347410 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1201730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) is one of the members of the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway and plays critical salt tolerance determinant in plants, while the characterization of the SOS1 family in potato (Solanum tuberosum) is lacking. In this study, 37 StSOS1s were identified and found to be unevenly distributed across 10 chromosomes, with most of them located on the plasma membrane. Promoter analysis revealed that the majority of these StSOS1 genes contain abundant cis-elements involved in various abiotic stress responses. Tissue specific expression showed that 21 of the 37 StSOS1s were widely expressed in various tissues or organs of the potato. Molecular interaction network analysis suggests that 25 StSOS1s may interact with other proteins involved in potassium ion transmembrane transport, response to salt stress, and cellular processes. In addition, collinearity analysis showed that 17, 8, 1 and 5 of orthologous StSOS1 genes were paired with those in tomato, pepper, tobacco, and Arabidopsis, respectively. Furthermore, RT-qPCR results revealed that the expression of StSOS1s were significant modulated by various abiotic stresses, in particular salt and abscisic acid stress. Furthermore, subcellular localization in Nicotiana benthamiana suggested that StSOS1-13 was located on the plasma membrane. These results extend the comprehensive overview of the StSOS1 gene family and set the stage for further analysis of the function of genes in SOS and hormone signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gang Gao
- *Correspondence: Gang Gao, ; Weizhong Liu,
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lu KK, Song RF, Guo JX, Zhang Y, Zuo JX, Chen HH, Liao CY, Hu XY, Ren F, Lu YT, Liu WC. CycC1;1-WRKY75 complex-mediated transcriptional regulation of SOS1 controls salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:2570-2591. [PMID: 37040621 PMCID: PMC10291036 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE1 (SOS1) is a key component of plant salt tolerance. However, how SOS1 transcription is dynamically regulated in plant response to different salinity conditions remains elusive. Here, we report that C-type Cyclin1;1 (CycC1;1) negatively regulates salt tolerance by interfering with WRKY75-mediated transcriptional activation of SOS1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Disruption of CycC1;1 promotes SOS1 expression and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis because CycC1;1 interferes with RNA polymerase II recruitment by occupying the SOS1 promoter. Enhanced salt tolerance of the cycc1;1 mutant was completely compromised by an SOS1 mutation. Moreover, CycC1;1 physically interacts with the transcription factor WRKY75, which can bind to the SOS1 promoter and activate SOS1 expression. In contrast to the cycc1;1 mutant, the wrky75 mutant has attenuated SOS1 expression and salt tolerance, whereas overexpression of SOS1 rescues the salt sensitivity of wrky75. Intriguingly, CycC1;1 inhibits WRKY75-mediated transcriptional activation of SOS1 via their interaction. Thus, increased SOS1 expression and salt tolerance in cycc1;1 were abolished by WRKY75 mutation. Our findings demonstrate that CycC1;1 forms a complex with WRKY75 to inactivate SOS1 transcription under low salinity conditions. By contrast, under high salinity conditions, SOS1 transcription and plant salt tolerance are activated at least partially by increased WRKY75 expression but decreased CycC1;1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Kai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ru-Feng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jia-Xing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hui-Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Cai-Yi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School
of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan
430079, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan
University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement,
Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, College of Life Sciences,
Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Y, Ma W, Fu H, Li L, Ruan X, Zhang X. Effects of Salinity Stress on Growth and Physiological Parameters and Related Gene Expression in Different Ecotypes of Sesuvium portulacastrum on Hainan Island. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1336. [PMID: 37510241 PMCID: PMC10380013 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a study to examine the growth and physiological changes in 12 different ecotypes of Sesuvium portulacastrum collected from Hainan Island in China. These ecotypes were subjected to different concentrations (0, 200, 400, and 600 mmol/L) of sodium chloride (NaCl) salt stress for 14 days. We also analyzed the expression of metabolic genes related to stress response. Under low salt stress, indicators such as plant height in region K (0 mmol/L: 45% and highest at 200 mmol/L: 80%), internode length (0 mmol/L: 0.38, 200 mmol/L: 0.87, 400 mmol/L: 0.25, and 600 mmol/L: 1.35), as well as leaf area, relative water content, fresh weight, and dry weight exhibited an overall increasing trend with the increase in salt concentration. However, as the salt concentration increased, these indicators showed a decreasing trend. Proline and malondialdehyde contents increased with higher salt concentrations. When the NaCl concentration was 400 mmol/L, MDA content in the leaves was highest in the regions E (196.23%), F (94.28%), J (170.10%), and K (136.08%) as compared to the control group, respectively. Most materials demonstrated a significant decrease in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content compared to the control group. Furthermore, the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b (Rab) varied among different materials. Using principal component analysis, we identified three ecotypes (L from Xinglong Village, Danzhou City; B from Shuigoupo Village, Lingshui County; and J from Haidongfang Park, Dongfang City) that represented high, medium, and low salt tolerance levels, respectively, based on the above growth and physiological indexes. To further investigate the expression changes of related genes at the transcriptional level, we employed qRT-PCR. The results showed that the relative expression of SpP5CS1, SpLOX1, and SpLOX1 genes increased with higher salt concentrations, which corresponded to the accumulation of proline and malondialdehyde content, respectively. However, the relative expression of SpCHL1a and SpCHL1b did not exhibit a consistent pattern. This study contributes to our understanding of the salt tolerance mechanism in the true halophyte S. portulacastrum, providing a solid theoretical foundation for further research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Haijiang Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Liting Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Xueyu Ruan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Balasubramaniam T, Shen G, Esmaeili N, Zhang H. Plants' Response Mechanisms to Salinity Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2253. [PMID: 37375879 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a severe abiotic stress that negatively affects plant growth and development, leading to physiological abnormalities and ultimately threatening global food security. The condition arises from excessive salt accumulation in the soil, primarily due to anthropogenic activities such as irrigation, improper land uses, and overfertilization. The presence of Na⁺, Cl-, and other related ions in the soil above normal levels can disrupt plant cellular functions and lead to alterations in essential metabolic processes such as seed germination and photosynthesis, causing severe damage to plant tissues and even plant death in the worst circumstances. To counteract the effects of salt stress, plants have developed various mechanisms, including modulating ion homeostasis, ion compartmentalization and export, and the biosynthesis of osmoprotectants. Recent advances in genomic and proteomic technologies have enabled the identification of genes and proteins involved in plant salt-tolerance mechanisms. This review provides a short overview of the impact of salinity stress on plants and the underlying mechanisms of salt-stress tolerance, particularly the functions of salt-stress-responsive genes associated with these mechanisms. This review aims at summarizing recent advances in our understanding of salt-stress tolerance mechanisms, providing the key background knowledge for improving crops' salt tolerance, which could contribute to the yield and quality enhancement in major crops grown under saline conditions or in arid and semiarid regions of the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Nardana Esmaeili
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen L, Meng Y, Yang W, Lv Q, Zhou L, Liu S, Tang C, Xie Y, Li X. Genome-wide analysis and identification of TaRING-H2 gene family and TaSDIR1 positively regulates salt stress tolerance in wheat. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125162. [PMID: 37263334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is an abiotic stress factor that limits high yields, and thus identifying salt tolerance genes is very important for improving the tolerance of salt in wheat. In this study we identified 274 TaRING-H2 family members and analyzed their gene positions, gene structures, conserved structural domains, promoter cis-acting elements and covariance relationships. And we investigated TaRING-H2-120 (TaSDIR1) in salt stress. Transgenic lines exhibited higher salt tolerance in the germination and seedling stages. Compared with the wild type, overexpression of TaSDIR1 upregulated the expression of genes encoding enzymes related to the control of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby reducing the accumulation of ROS, as well as increased the expression of ion transport-related genes to limit the inward flow of Na+ in vivo and maintain a higher K+/Na+ ratio. The expression levels of these genes were opposite in lines where TaSDIR1 was silenced by BSMV-VIGS, and the silenced wheat exhibited higher salt sensitivity. Arabidopsis mutants and heterologous TaSDIR1 overexpressing lines had similar salt stress tolerance phenotypes. We also demonstrated that TaSDIR1 interacted with TaSDIR1P2 in vivo and in vitro. A sequence of 80-100 amino acids in TaSDIR1P2 encoded a coiled coil domain that was important for the activity of E3 ubiquitin ligase, and it was also the core region for the interaction between TaSDIR1 and TaSDIR1P2. Overall, our results suggest that TaSDIR1 positively regulates salt stress tolerance in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ying Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Weibing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qian Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chenghan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yanzhou Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xuejun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yang Y, Xu L, Li W, Cao Y, Bi M, Wang P, Liang R, Yang P, Ming J. A Na +/H + antiporter-encoding salt overly sensitive 1 gene, LpSOS1, involved in positively regulating the salt tolerance in Lilium pumilum. Gene 2023; 874:147485. [PMID: 37187246 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Lilium pumilum has a strong salt tolerance. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its salt tolerance remains unexplored. Here, LpSOS1 was cloned from L. pumilum and found to be significantly enriched at high NaCl concentrations (100 mM). In tobacco epidermal cells, localization analysis showed that the LpSOS1 protein was primarily located in the plasma membrane. Overexpression of LpSOS1 resulted in up-regulation of salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis, as indicated by reduced malondialdehyde levels and Na+/K+ ratio, and increased activity of antioxidant reductases (including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase). Treatment with NaCl resulted in improved growth, as evidenced by increased biomass, root length, and lateral root growth, in both sos1 mutant (atsos1) and wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis plants that overexpressed LpSOS1,Under NaCl treatment,atsos1 and WT Arabidopsis plants overexpressing LpSOS1 exhibited better growth, with higher biomass, root length, and lateral root quantity, whereas in the absence of LpSOS1 overexpression, the plants of both lines were wilted and chlorotic and even died under salt stress. When exposed to salt stress, the expression of stress-related genes was notably upregulated in the LpSOS1 overexpression line of Arabidopsis as compared to the WT. Our findings indicate that LpSOS1 enhances salt tolerance in plants by regulating ion homeostasis, reducing Na+/K+ ratio, thereby protecting the plasma membrane from oxidative damage caused by salt stress, and enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, the increased salt tolerance conferred by LpSOS1 in plants makes it a potential bioresource for breeding salt-tolerant crops. Further investigation into the mechanisms underlying lily's resistance to salt stress would be advantageous and could serve as a foundation for future molecular improvements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Leifeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Yuwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengmeng Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Rui Liang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Ming
- College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu FC, Wang MJ, Guo YW, Song J, Gao W, Long L. The Na +/H + antiporter GbSOS1 interacts with SIP5 and regulates salt tolerance in Gossypium barbadense. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 330:111658. [PMID: 36822505 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is a globally cultivated economic crop and is a major source of natural fiber and edible oil. However, cotton production is severely affected by salt stress. Although Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) is a well-studied Na+/H+ antiporter in multiple plant species, little is known about its function and regulatory mechanism in cotton. Here, we cloned a salt-induced SOS1 from sea-island cotton. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that GbSOS1 was induced by multiple stresses and phytohormones. Silencing GbSOS1 through virus-induced gene silencing significantly reduced cotton resistance to high Na+ but mildly affected Li+ tolerance. On the other hand, overexpression of GbSOS1 enhanced salt tolerance in yeast, Arabidopsis, and cotton largely due to the ability to maintain Na+ homeostasis in protoplasts. Yeast-two-hybrid assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation identified a novel protein interacting with GbSOS1 on the plasma membrane, which we named SOS Interaction Protein 5 (SIP5). We found that the SIP5 gene encoded an unknown protein localized on the cell membrane. Silencing SIP5 significantly increased cotton tolerance to salt, exhibited by less wilting and plant death under salt stress. Our results revealed that GbSOS1 is crucial for cotton survival in saline soil, and SIP5 is a potentially negative regulator of SOS1-mediated salt tolerance in cotton. Overall, this study provides a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of SOS1, and a candidate gene for breeding salt-tolerant crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China; Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Mei-Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Ya-Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China
| | - Lu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China; School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
De Rosa A, McGaughey S, Magrath I, Byrt C. Molecular membrane separation: plants inspire new technologies. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:33-54. [PMID: 36683439 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants draw up their surrounding soil solution to gain water and nutrients required for growth, development and reproduction. Obtaining adequate water and nutrients involves taking up both desired and undesired elements from the soil solution and separating resources from waste. Desirable and undesirable elements in the soil solution can share similar chemical properties, such as size and charge. Plants use membrane separation mechanisms to distinguish between different molecules that have similar chemical properties. Membrane separation enables distribution or retention of resources and efflux or compartmentation of waste. Plants use specialised membrane separation mechanisms to adapt to challenging soil solution compositions and distinguish between resources and waste. Coordination and regulation of these mechanisms between different tissues, cell types and subcellular membranes supports plant nutrition, environmental stress tolerance and energy management. This review considers membrane separation mechanisms in plants that contribute to specialised separation processes and highlights mechanisms of interest for engineering plants with enhanced performance in challenging conditions and for inspiring the development of novel industrial membrane separation technologies. Knowledge gained from studying plant membrane separation mechanisms can be applied to developing precision separation technologies. Separation technologies are needed for harvesting resources from industrial wastes and transitioning to a circular green economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria De Rosa
- Division of Plant Science, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, 2601, ACT, Acton, Australia
| | - Samantha McGaughey
- Division of Plant Science, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, 2601, ACT, Acton, Australia
| | - Isobel Magrath
- Division of Plant Science, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, 2601, ACT, Acton, Australia
| | - Caitlin Byrt
- Division of Plant Science, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, 2601, ACT, Acton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gomez MY, Schroeder MM, Chieb M, McLain NK, Gachomo EW. Bradyrhizobium japonicum IRAT FA3 promotes salt tolerance through jasmonic acid priming in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:60. [PMID: 36710321 PMCID: PMC9885586 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as Bradyrhizobium japonicum IRAT FA3, are able to improve seed germination and plant growth under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions, including high salinity stress. PGPR can affect plants' responses to stress via multiple pathways which are often interconnected but were previously thought to be distinct. Although the overall impacts of PGPR on plant growth and stress tolerance have been well documented, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. This work contributes to understanding how PGPR promote abiotic stress by revealing major plant pathways triggered by B. japonicum under salt stress. RESULTS The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum IRAT FA3 reduced the levels of sodium in Arabidopsis thaliana by 37.7%. B. japonicum primed plants as it stimulated an increase in jasmonates (JA) and modulated hydrogen peroxide production shortly after inoculation. B. japonicum-primed plants displayed enhanced shoot biomass, reduced lipid peroxidation and limited sodium accumulation under salt stress conditions. Q(RT)-PCR analysis of JA and abiotic stress-related gene expression in Arabidopsis plants pretreated with B. japonicum and followed by six hours of salt stress revealed differential gene expression compared to non-inoculated plants. Response to Desiccation (RD) gene RD20 and reactive oxygen species scavenging genes CAT3 and MDAR2 were up-regulated in shoots while CAT3 and RD22 were increased in roots by B. japonicum, suggesting roles for these genes in B. japonicum-mediated salt tolerance. B. japonicum also influenced reductions of RD22, MSD1, DHAR and MYC2 in shoots and DHAR, ADC2, RD20, RD29B, GTR1, ANAC055, VSP1 and VSP2 gene expression in roots under salt stress. CONCLUSION Our data showed that MYC2 and JAR1 are required for B. japonicum-induced shoot growth in both salt stressed and non-stressed plants. The observed microbially influenced reactions to salinity stress in inoculated plants underscore the complexity of the B. japonicum jasmonic acid-mediated plant response salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Y Gomez
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Mercedes M Schroeder
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Maha Chieb
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Nathan K McLain
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Emma W Gachomo
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xu T, Meng S, Zhu X, Di J, Zhu Y, Yang X, Yan W. Integrated GWAS and transcriptomic analysis reveal the candidate salt-responding genes regulating Na +/K + balance in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1004477. [PMID: 36777542 PMCID: PMC9910287 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1004477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the main abiotic stresses affecting crop yield and quality. Barley has strong salt tolerance, however, the underlying genetic basis is not fully clear, especially in the seedling stage. This study examined the ionic changes in barley core germplasms under the control and salt conditions. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis revealed 54 significant SNPs from a pool of 25,342 SNPs distributed in 7 chromosomes (Chr) of the Illumina Barley 50K SNP array. These SNPs are associated with ion homeostasis traits, sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) content, and Na+/K+ ratio representing five genomic regions on Chr 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 in the leaves of worldwide barley accessions. And there are 3 SNP peaks located on the Chr 4, 6, and 7, which could be the "hot spots" regions for mining and identifying candidate genes for salt tolerance. Furthermore, 616 unique candidate genes were screened surrounding the significant SNPs, which are associated with transport proteins, protein kinases, binding proteins, and other proteins of unknown function. Meanwhile, transcriptomic analysis (RNA-Seq) was carried out to compare the salt-tolerant (CM72) and salt-sensitive (Gairdner) genotypes subjected to salt stress. And there was a greater accumulation of differentially expressed genes(DEGs) in Gairdner compared to CM72, mainly enriched in metabolic pathway, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, photosynthesis, signal transduction,emphasizing the different transcriptional response in both genotypes following salt exposure. Combined GWAS and RNA-Seq analysis revealed 5 promising salt-responding genes (PGK2, BASS3, SINAT2, AQP, and SYT3) from the hot spot regions, which were verified between the salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive varieties by qRT-PCR. In all, these results provide candidate SNPs and genes responsible for salinity responding in barley, and a new idea for studying such genetic basis in similar crops.
Collapse
|
28
|
Fu H, Yu X, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Yang Y, Chen S, Chen Q, Guo Y. SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE 1 is inhibited by clade D Protein phosphatase 2C D6 and D7 in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:279-297. [PMID: 36149299 PMCID: PMC9806586 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway is essential for maintaining sodium ion homeostasis in plants. This conserved pathway is activated by a calcium signaling-dependent phosphorylation cascade. However, the identity of the phosphatases and their regulatory mechanisms that would deactivate the SOS pathway remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that PP2C.D6 and PP2C.D7, which belong to clade D of the protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) subfamily in Arabidopsis thaliana, directly interact with SOS1 and inhibit its Na+/H+ antiporter activity under non-salt-stress conditions. Upon salt stress, SOS3-LIKE CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEIN8 (SCaBP8), a member of the SOS pathway, interacts with the PP2Cs and suppresses their phosphatase activity; simultaneously, SCaBP8 regulates the subcellular localization of PP2C.D6 by releasing it from the plasma membrane. Thus, we identified two negative regulators of the SOS pathway that repress SOS1 activity under nonstress conditions. These processes set the stage for the activation of SOS1 by the kinase SOS2 to achieve plant salt tolerance. Our results suggest that reversible phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is crucial for the regulation of the SOS pathway, and that calcium sensors play dual roles in activating/deactivating SOS2 and PP2C phosphatases under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - She Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kumar D, Ohri P. Say "NO" to plant stresses: Unravelling the role of nitric oxide under abiotic and biotic stress. Nitric Oxide 2023; 130:36-57. [PMID: 36460229 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic gaseous molecule, which plays different roles in different strata of organisms. Discovered as a neurotransmitter in animals, NO has now gained a significant place in plant signaling cascade. NO regulates plant growth and several developmental processes including germination, root formation, stomatal movement, maturation and defense in plants. Due to its gaseous state, it is unchallenging for NO to reach different parts of cell and counterpoise antioxidant pool. Various abiotic and biotic stresses act on plants and affect their growth and development. NO plays a pivotal role in alleviating toxic effects caused by various stressors by modulating oxidative stress, antioxidant defense mechanism, metal transport and ion homeostasis. It also modulates the activity of some transcriptional factors during stress conditions in plants. Besides its role during stress conditions, interaction of NO with other signaling molecules such as other gasotransmitters (hydrogen sulfide), phytohormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, gibberellin, ethylene, brassinosteroids, cytokinins and auxin), ions, polyamines, etc. has been demonstrated. These interactions play vital role in alleviating plant stress by modulating defense mechanisms in plants. Taking all these aspects into consideration, the current review focuses on the role of NO and its interaction with other signaling molecules in regulating plant growth and development, particularly under stressed conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cao Y, Song H, Zhang L. New Insight into Plant Saline-Alkali Tolerance Mechanisms and Application to Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416048. [PMID: 36555693 PMCID: PMC9781758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is a widespread adversity that severely affects plant growth and productivity. Saline-alkaline soils are characterized by high salt content and high pH values, which simultaneously cause combined damage from osmotic stress, ionic toxicity, high pH and HCO3-/CO32- stress. In recent years, many determinants of salt tolerance have been identified and their regulatory mechanisms are fairly well understood. However, the mechanism by which plants respond to comprehensive saline-alkali stress remains largely unknown. This review summarizes recent advances in the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of plants tolerance to salinity or salt- alkali stress. Focused on the progress made in elucidating the regulation mechanisms adopted by plants in response to saline-alkali stress and present some new views on the understanding of plants in the face of comprehensive stress. Plants generally promote saline-alkali tolerance by maintaining pH and Na+ homeostasis, while the plants responding to HCO3-/CO32- stress are not exactly the same as high pH stress. We proposed that pH-tolerant or sensitive plants have evolved distinct mechanisms to adapt to saline-alkaline stress. Finally, we highlight the areas that require further research to reveal the new components of saline-alkali tolerance in plants and present the current and potential application of key determinants in breed improvement and molecular breeding.
Collapse
|
31
|
Molecular Pathways of WRKY Genes in Regulating Plant Salinity Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810947. [PMID: 36142857 PMCID: PMC9502527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a natural and anthropogenic process that plants overcome using various responses. Salinity imposes a two-phase effect, simplified into the initial osmotic challenges and subsequent salinity-specific ion toxicities from continual exposure to sodium and chloride ions. Plant responses to salinity encompass a complex gene network involving osmotic balance, ion transport, antioxidant response, and hormone signaling pathways typically mediated by transcription factors. One particular transcription factor mega family, WRKY, is a principal regulator of salinity responses. Here, we categorize a collection of known salinity-responding WRKYs and summarize their molecular pathways. WRKYs collectively play a part in regulating osmotic balance, ion transport response, antioxidant response, and hormone signaling pathways in plants. Particular attention is given to the hormone signaling pathway to illuminate the relationship between WRKYs and abscisic acid signaling. Observed trends among WRKYs are highlighted, including group II WRKYs as major regulators of the salinity response. We recommend renaming existing WRKYs and adopting a naming system to a standardized format based on protein structure.
Collapse
|
32
|
Wu X, Xu J, Meng X, Fang X, Xia M, Zhang J, Cao S, Fan T. Linker histone variant HIS1-3 and WRKY1 oppositely regulate salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1833-1847. [PMID: 35474141 PMCID: PMC9237719 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway plays an important role in plant salt stress; however, the transcriptional regulation of the genes in this pathway is unclear. In this study, we found that Linker histone variant HIS1-3 and WRKY1 oppositely regulate the salt stress response in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) through the transcriptional regulation of SOS genes. The expression of HIS1-3 was inhibited by salt stress, and the disruption of HIS1-3 resulted in enhanced salt tolerance. Conversely, the expression of WRKY1 was induced by salt stress, and the loss of WRKY1 function led to increased salt sensitivity. The expression of SOS1, SOS2, and SOS3 was repressed and induced by HIS1-3 and WRKY1, respectively, and HIS1-3 regulated the expression of SOS1 and SOS3 by occupying the WRKY1 binding sites on their promoters. Moreover, WRKY1 and HIS1-3 acted upstream of the SOS pathway. Together, our results indicate that HIS1-3 and WRKY1 oppositely modulate salt tolerance in Arabidopsis through transcriptional regulation of SOS genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xue Fang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Minghui Xia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shuqing Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhao R, Yin K, Chen S. Hydrogen sulphide signalling in plant response to abiotic stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:523-531. [PMID: 34837449 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Throughout their whole life cycle, higher plants are often exposed to diverse environmental stresses, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals and extreme temperatures. In response to such stress, plant cells initiate signalling transduction, resulting in downstream responses, such as specific gene transcription and protein expression. Accumulating evidence has revealed that hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) serves as a signalling molecule in plant acclimation to stressful conditions. More important, H2 S interacts with other signalling molecules and phytohormones, contributing to transcriptional regulation and post-translational modification. Overall, the H2 S-mediated signalling pathway and its interaction with other signals remains elusive. Here, we describe the role of the H2 S signalling network in regulating physiological and molecular processes under various abiotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - K Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - S Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Madadi K, Ahmadabadi M, Pazhouhandeh M. Heterologous expression of Arabidopsis SOS3 increases salinity tolerance in Petunia. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6553-6562. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07495-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Liu G, Jiang W, Tian L, Fu Y, Tan L, Zhu Z, Sun C, Liu F. Polyamine oxidase 3 is involved in salt tolerance at the germination stage in rice. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:458-468. [PMID: 35144028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinity inhibits seed germination and reduces seedling survival rate, resulting in significant yield reductions in crops. Here, we report the identification of a polyamine oxidase, OsPAO3, conferring salt tolerance at the germination stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.), through map-based cloning approach. OsPAO3 is up-regulated under salt stress at the germination stage and highly expressed in various organs. Overexpression of OsPAO3 increases activity of polyamine oxidases, enhancing the polyamine content in seed coleoptiles. Increased polyamine may lead to the enhance of the activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes to eliminate over-accumulated H2O2 and to reduce Na+ content in seed coleoptiles to maintain ion homeostasis and weaken Na+ damage. These changes resulted in stronger salt tolerance at the germination stage in rice. Our findings not only provide a unique gene for breeding new salt-tolerant rice cultivars but also help to elucidate the mechanism of salt tolerance in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wanxia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yongcai Fu
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lubin Tan
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zuofeng Zhu
- National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chuanqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Fengxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Center for Evaluation of Agricultural Wild Plants (Rice), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, MOE, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Huang L, Li Z, Sun C, Yin S, Wang B, Duan T, Liu Y, Li J, Pu G. Genome-wide identification, molecular characterization, and gene expression analyses of honeysuckle NHX antiporters suggest their involvement in salt stress adaptation. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13214. [PMID: 35462769 PMCID: PMC9029436 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ion homeostasis is an essential process for the survival of plants under salt stress. Na+/H+ antiporters (NHXs) are secondary ion transporters that regulate Na+ compartmentalization or efflux reduce Na+ toxicity and play a critical role during plant development and stress responses. Methods and Results To gain insight into the functional divergence of NHX genes in honeysuckle, a total of seven LjNHX genes were identified on the whole genome level and were renamed according to their chromosomal positions. All LjNHXs possessed the Na+/H+ exchanger domain and the amiloride-binding site was presented in all NHX proteins except LjNHX4. The phylogenetic analysis divided the seven NHX genes into Vac-clade (LjNHX1/2/3/4/5/7) and PM-clade (LjNHX6) based on their subcellular localization and validated by the distribution of conserved protein motifs and exon/intron organization analysis. The protein-protein interaction network showed that LjNHX4/5/6/7 shared the same putatively interactive proteins, including SOS2, SOS3, HKT1, and AVP1. Cis-acting elements and gene ontology (GO) analysis suggested that most LjNHXs involve in the response to salt stress through ion transmembrane transport. The expression profile analysis revealed that the expression levels of LjNHX3/7 were remarkably affected by salinity. These results suggested that LjNHXs play significant roles in honeysuckle development and response to salt stresses. Conclusions The theoretical foundation was established in the present study for the further functional characterization of the NHX gene family in honeysuckle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Huang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | | | - Chunyong Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shijie Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tongyao Duan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Gaobin Pu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abideen Z, Hanif M, Munir N, Nielsen BL. Impact of Nanomaterials on the Regulation of Gene Expression and Metabolomics of Plants under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050691. [PMID: 35270161 PMCID: PMC8912827 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant salinity resistance results from a combination of responses at the physiological, molecular, cellular, and metabolic levels. This article focuses on plant stress tolerance mechanisms for controlling ion homeostasis, stress signaling, hormone metabolism, anti-oxidative enzymes, and osmotic balance after nanoparticle applications. Nanoparticles are used as an emerging tool to stimulate specific biochemical reactions related to plant ecophysiological output because of their small size, increased surface area and absorption rate, efficient catalysis of reactions, and adequate reactive sites. Regulated ecophysiological control in saline environments could play a crucial role in plant growth promotion and survival of plants under suboptimal conditions. Plant biologists are seeking to develop a broad profile of genes and proteins that contribute to plant salt resistance. These plant metabolic profiles can be developed due to advancements in genomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic techniques. In order to quantify plant stress responses, transmembrane ion transport, sensors and receptors in signaling transduction, and metabolites involved in the energy supply require thorough study. In addition, more research is needed on the plant salinity stress response based on molecular interactions in response to nanoparticle treatment. The application of nanoparticles as an aspect of genetic engineering for the generation of salt-tolerant plants is a promising area of research. This review article addresses the use of nanoparticles in plant breeding and genetic engineering techniques to develop salt-tolerant crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Maria Hanif
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Neelma Munir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (B.L.N.)
| | - Brent L. Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (B.L.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
New functions of CIPK gene family are continue to emerging. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6647-6658. [PMID: 35229240 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CIPK protein family is a key protein family in Ca2+ mediated plant signaling pathway, which plays an indispensable role in plant response to stress and development. Every gene in this family encodes specific proteins. They interact with calcium ion signals, make plants to deal with various stress or stimuli. This article mainly reviews the mechanism, positioning and physiological functions of the CIPK family in different species in recent years. According to our team's research, CIPK8 interacts with CBL5 to improve salt tolerance, and CIPK23 interacts with TGA1 to regulate nitrate uptake negatively in chrysanthemum. In addition, we discussed current limitations and future research directions. The article will enhance the understanding of the functional characteristics of the CIPK gene family under different stresses, provide insights for future breeding and the development of new crop varieties with enhanced stress tolerance.
Collapse
|
39
|
Mansour MMF, Hassan FAS. How salt stress-responsive proteins regulate plant adaptation to saline conditions. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 108:175-224. [PMID: 34964081 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An overview is presented of recent advances in our knowledge of candidate proteins that regulate various physiological and biochemical processes underpinning plant adaptation to saline conditions. Salt stress is one of the environmental constraints that restrict plant distribution, growth and yield in many parts of the world. Increased world population surely elevates food demands all over the globe, which anticipates to add a great challenge to humanity. These concerns have necessitated the scientists to understand and unmask the puzzle of plant salt tolerance mechanisms in order to utilize various strategies to develop salt tolerant crop plants. Salt tolerance is a complex trait involving alterations in physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. These alterations are a result of genomic and proteomic complement readjustments that lead to tolerance mechanisms. Proteomics is a crucial molecular tool that indicates proteins expressed by the genome, and also identifies the functions of proteins accumulated in response to salt stress. Recently, proteomic studies have shed more light on a range of promising candidate proteins that regulate various processes rendering salt tolerance to plants. These proteins have been shown to be involved in photosynthesis and energy metabolism, ion homeostasis, gene transcription and protein biosynthesis, compatible solute production, hormone modulation, cell wall structure modification, cellular detoxification, membrane stabilization, and signal transduction. These candidate salt responsive proteins can be therefore used in biotechnological approaches to improve tolerance of crop plants to salt conditions. In this review, we provided comprehensive updated information on the proteomic data of plants/genotypes contrasting in salt tolerance in response to salt stress. The roles of salt responsive proteins that are potential determinants for plant salt adaptation are discussed. The relationship between changes in proteome composition and abundance, and alterations observed in physiological and biochemical features associated with salt tolerance are also addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fahmy A S Hassan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Molecular Insights into Salinity Responsiveness in Contrasting Genotypes of Rice at the Seedling Stage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031624. [PMID: 35163547 PMCID: PMC8835730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most common unfavorable environmental conditions that limits plant growth and development, ultimately reducing crop productivity. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanism involved in the salinity response in rice, we initially screened 238 rice cultivars after salt treatment at the seedling stage and identified two highly salt-tolerant cultivars determined by the relative damage rate parameter. The majority of cultivars (94.1%) were ranked as salt-sensitive and highly salt-sensitive. Transcriptome profiling was completed in highly salt-tolerant, moderately salt-tolerant, and salt-sensitive under water and salinity treatments at the seedling stage. Principal component analysis displayed a clear distinction among the three cultivars under control and salinity stress conditions. Several starch and sucrose metabolism-related genes were induced after salt treatment in all genotypes at the seedling stage. The results from the present study enable the identification of the ascorbate glutathione pathway, potentially participating in the process of plant response to salinity in the early growth stage. Our findings also highlight the significance of high-affinity K+ uptake transporters (HAKs) and high-affinity K+ transporters (HKTs) during salt stress responses in rice seedlings. Collectively, the cultivar-specific stress-responsive genes and pathways identified in the present study act as a useful resource for researchers interested in plant responses to salinity at the seedling stage.
Collapse
|
41
|
Cao Y, Shan T, Fang H, Sun K, Shi W, Tang B, Wu J, Wang K, Li P, Wang B. Genome-wide analysis reveals the spatiotemporal expression patterns of SOS3 genes in the maize B73 genome in response to salt stress. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:60. [PMID: 35034642 PMCID: PMC8761280 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salt damage is an important abiotic stress that affects the growth and yield of maize worldwide. As an important member of the salt overly sensitive (SOS) signal transduction pathway, the SOS3 gene family participates in the transmission of stress signals and plays a vital role in improving the salt tolerance of plants. RESULTS In this study, we identified 59 SOS3 genes in the maize B73 genome using bioinformatics methods and genome-wide analyses. SOS3 proteins were divided into 5 different subfamilies according to the phylogenetic relationships. A close relationship between the phylogenetic classification and intron mode was observed, with most SOS3 genes in the same group sharing common motifs and similar exon-intron structures in the corresponding genes. These genes were unequally distributed on five chromosomes of B73. A total of six SOS3 genes were identified as repeated genes, and 12 pairs of genes were proven to be segmentally duplicated genes, indicating that gene duplication may play an important role in the expansion of the SOS3 gene family. The expression analysis of 10 genes that were randomly selected from different subgroups suggested that all 10 genes were significantly differentially expressed within 48 h after salt treatment, of which eight SOS3 genes showed a significant decline while Zm00001d025938 and Zm00001d049665 did not. By observing the subcellular localization results, we found that most genes were expressed in chloroplasts while some genes were expressed in the cell membrane and nucleus. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides valuable information for elucidating the evolutionary relationship and functional characteristics of the SOS3 gene family and lays the foundation for further study of the SOS3 gene family in the maize B73 genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunying Cao
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingyu Shan
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Fang
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kangtai Sun
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Tang
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junping Wu
- Nantong Changjiang Seed Co., Ltd, Nantong, 226368, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Baohua Wang
- Ministry of Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rawat N, Wungrampha S, Singla-Pareek SL, Yu M, Shabala S, Pareek A. Rewilding staple crops for the lost halophytism: Toward sustainability and profitability of agricultural production systems. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:45-64. [PMID: 34915209 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress tolerance has been weakened during the domestication of all major staple crops. Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint that impacts over half of the world population; however, given the increasing reliance on irrigation and the lack of available freshwater, agriculture in the 21st century will increasingly become saline. Therefore, global food security is critically dependent on the ability of plant breeders to create high-yielding staple crop varieties that will incorporate salinity tolerance traits and account for future climate scenarios. Previously, we have argued that the current agricultural practices and reliance on crops that exclude salt from uptake is counterproductive and environmentally unsustainable, and thus called for a need for a major shift in a breeding paradigm to incorporate some halophytic traits that were present in wild relatives but were lost in modern crops during domestication. In this review, we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of the key traits conferring crop halophytism, such as vacuolar Na+ sequestration, ROS desensitization, succulence, metabolic photosynthetic switch, and salt deposition in trichomes, and discuss the strategies for incorporating them into elite germplasm, to address a pressing issue of boosting plant salinity tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Rawat
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Silas Wungrampha
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart Tas 7001, Australia.
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Xiao F, Zhou H. Plant salt response: Perception, signaling, and tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1053699. [PMID: 36684765 PMCID: PMC9854262 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1053699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the significant environmental stressors that severely affects plant growth and development. Plant responses to salt stress involve a series of biological mechanisms, including osmoregulation, redox and ionic homeostasis regulation, as well as hormone or light signaling-mediated growth adjustment, which are regulated by different functional components. Unraveling these adaptive mechanisms and identifying the critical genes involved in salt response and adaption are crucial for developing salt-tolerant cultivars. This review summarizes the current research progress in the regulatory networks for plant salt tolerance, highlighting the mechanisms of salt stress perception, signaling, and tolerance response. Finally, we also discuss the possible contribution of microbiota and nanobiotechnology to plant salt tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Huapeng Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kumar G, Basu S, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Unraveling the contribution of OsSOS2 in conferring salinity and drought tolerance in a high-yielding rice. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13638. [PMID: 35092312 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are emerging as a potential threat to sustainable agriculture worldwide. Soil salinity and drought will be the major limiting factors for rice productivity in years to come. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway plays a key role in salinity tolerance by maintaining the cellular ion homeostasis, with SOS2, a S/T kinase, being a vital component. The present study investigated the role of the OsSOS2, a SOS2 homolog from rice, in improving salinity and drought tolerance. Transgenic plants with either overexpression (OE) or knockdown (KD) of OsSOS2 were raised in one of the high-yielding cultivars of rice-IR64. Using a combined approach based on physiological, biochemical, anatomical, microscopic, molecular, and agronomic assessment, the evidence presented in this study advocates the role of OsSOS2 in improving salinity and drought tolerance in rice. The OE plants were found to have favorable ion and redox homeostasis when grown in the presence of salinity, while the KD plants showed the reverse pattern. Several key stress-responsive genes were found to work in an orchestrated manner to contribute to this phenotype. Notably, the OE plants showed tolerance to stress at both the seedling and the reproductive stages, addressing the two most sensitive stages of the plant. Keeping in mind the importance of developing crops plants with tolerance to multiple stresses, the present study established the potential of OsSOS2 for biotechnological applications to improve salinity and drought stress tolerance in diverse cultivars of rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Kumar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sahana Basu
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Molecular Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wu D, Li Y, Cao Y, Hu R, Wu X, Zhang W, Tao W, Xu G, Wang X, Zhang Y. Increased glutamine synthetase by overexpression of TaGS1 improves grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:259-268. [PMID: 34814097 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has been a focal point for crop growth and yield throughout the world. Glutamine synthetase (GS), which plays a fundamental role in N metabolism, has been exploited to improve crop NUE. However, increased GS activity in rice by overexpressing its own GS genes hasn't shown superior plant productivity. Here, transgenic rice plants with increased GS activity by overexpressing TaGS1 were analyzed under field and culture conditions at two N rates. Transgenic expression of TaGS1 significantly increases GS activity in leaves, junctions and roots of rice plants relative to wide-type plants. When rice plants grown under consecutive field trials with N rates of 60 and 240 kg/ha, three transgenic lines have higher grain yield than wild-type plants, with increment of 15%-22% in T2 generation and with that of 28%-36% in T3 generation, respectively. And increased panicle numbers (effective tiller numbers) mainly contribute to the advantage of grain yield in transgenic plants. Analysis of N use-related traits shows that transgenic plants with enhanced GS activity promote root capacity to obtain N, N accumulation during growth stages and N remobilization to grains, ultimately conferring 31%-40% improvement of NUE relative to wild-type rice plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ripeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenqing Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- College of life sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ibrahimova U, Zivcak M, Gasparovic K, Rastogi A, Allakhverdiev SI, Yang X, Brestic M. Electron and proton transport in wheat exposed to salt stress: is the increase of the thylakoid membrane proton conductivity responsible for decreasing the photosynthetic activity in sensitive genotypes? PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:195-211. [PMID: 34125427 PMCID: PMC8556197 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Effects of salinity caused by 150 mM NaCl on primary photochemical reactions and some physiological and biochemical parameters (K+/Na+ ratio, soluble sugars, proline, MDA) have been studied in five Triticum aestivum L. genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance. It was found that 150 mM NaCl significantly decreased the photosynthetic efficiency of two sensitive genotypes. The K+/Na+ ratio decreased in all genotypes exposed to salinity stress when compared with the control. Salinity stress also caused lipid peroxidation and accumulation of soluble sugars and proline. The amounts of soluble sugars and proline were higher in tolerant genotypes than sensitive ones, and lipid peroxidation was higher in sensitive genotypes. The noninvasive measurements of photosynthesis-related parameters indicated the genotype-dependent effects of salinity stress on the photosynthetic apparatus. The significant decrease of chlorophyll content (SPAD values) or adverse effects on photosynthetic functions at the PSII level (measured by the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters) were observed in the two sensitive genotypes only. Although the information obtained by different fast noninvasive techniques were consistent, the correlation analyses identified the highest correlation of the noninvasive records with MDA, K+/Na+ ratio, and free proline content. The lower correlation levels were found for chlorophyll content (SPAD) and Fv/Fm values derived from chlorophyll fluorescence. Performance index (PIabs) derived from fast fluorescence kinetics, and F735/F685 ratio correlated well with MDA and Na+ content. The most promising were the results of linear electron flow measured by MultispeQ sensor, in which we found a highly significant correlation with all parameters assessed. Moreover, the noninvasive simultaneous measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence and electrochromic band shift using this sensor indicated the apparent proton leakage at the thylakoid membranes resulting in a high proton conductivity (gH+), present in sensitive genotypes only. The possible consequences for the photosynthetic functions and the photoprotection are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulkar Ibrahimova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev, Baku, AZ, 1073, Azerbaijan
- Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture of the Azerbaijan Republic, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Kristina Gasparovic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland.
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev, Baku, AZ, 1073, Azerbaijan
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow, 142290, Russia
| | - Xinghong Yang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia.
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Saradadevi GP, Das D, Mangrauthia SK, Mohapatra S, Chikkaputtaiah C, Roorkiwal M, Solanki M, Sundaram RM, Chirravuri NN, Sakhare AS, Kota S, Varshney RK, Mohannath G. Genetic, Epigenetic, Genomic and Microbial Approaches to Enhance Salt Tolerance of Plants: A Comprehensive Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121255. [PMID: 34943170 PMCID: PMC8698797 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Globally, soil salinity, which refers to salt-affected soils, is increasing due to various environmental factors and human activities. Soil salinity poses one of the most serious challenges in the field of agriculture as it significantly reduces the growth and yield of crop plants, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Over the last few decades, several studies have been carried out to understand plant biology in response to soil salinity stress with a major emphasis on genetic and other hereditary components. Based on the outcome of these studies, several approaches are being followed to enhance plants’ ability to tolerate salt stress while still maintaining reasonable levels of crop yields. In this manuscript, we comprehensively list and discuss various biological approaches being followed and, based on the recent advances in the field of molecular biology, we propose some new approaches to improve salinity tolerance of crop plants. The global scientific community can make use of this information for the betterment of crop plants. This review also highlights the importance of maintaining global soil health to prevent several crop plant losses. Abstract Globally, soil salinity has been on the rise owing to various factors that are both human and environmental. The abiotic stress caused by soil salinity has become one of the most damaging abiotic stresses faced by crop plants, resulting in significant yield losses. Salt stress induces physiological and morphological modifications in plants as a result of significant changes in gene expression patterns and signal transduction cascades. In this comprehensive review, with a major focus on recent advances in the field of plant molecular biology, we discuss several approaches to enhance salinity tolerance in plants comprising various classical and advanced genetic and genetic engineering approaches, genomics and genome editing technologies, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-based approaches. Furthermore, based on recent advances in the field of epigenetics, we propose novel approaches to create and exploit heritable genome-wide epigenetic variation in crop plants to enhance salinity tolerance. Specifically, we describe the concepts and the underlying principles of epigenetic recombinant inbred lines (epiRILs) and other epigenetic variants and methods to generate them. The proposed epigenetic approaches also have the potential to create additional genetic variation by modulating meiotic crossover frequency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Prasad Saradadevi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India; (G.P.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Debajit Das
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, India; (D.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Satendra K. Mangrauthia
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Sridev Mohapatra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India; (G.P.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Channakeshavaiah Chikkaputtaiah
- Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, India; (D.D.); (C.C.)
| | - Manish Roorkiwal
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India;
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Manish Solanki
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Raman Meenakshi Sundaram
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Neeraja N. Chirravuri
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Akshay S. Sakhare
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Suneetha Kota
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.K.M.); (M.S.); (R.M.S.); (N.N.C.); (A.S.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.K.V.); (G.M.); Tel.: +91-40-245-91268 (S.K.); +91-84-556-83305 (R.K.V.); +91-40-66303697 (G.M.)
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India;
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.K.V.); (G.M.); Tel.: +91-40-245-91268 (S.K.); +91-84-556-83305 (R.K.V.); +91-40-66303697 (G.M.)
| | - Gireesha Mohannath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, India; (G.P.S.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (R.K.V.); (G.M.); Tel.: +91-40-245-91268 (S.K.); +91-84-556-83305 (R.K.V.); +91-40-66303697 (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chen H, Wang Y, Liu J, Zhao T, Yang C, Ding Q, Zhang Y, Mu J, Wang D. Identification of WRKY transcription factors responding to abiotic stresses in Brassica napus L. PLANTA 2021; 255:3. [PMID: 34837557 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A total of 278 BnWRKYs were identified and analyzed. Ectopic expression of BnWRKY149 and BnWRKY217 suggests that they function in the ABA signaling pathway. WRKY transcription factors play an important role in plant development, however, their function in Brassica napus L. abiotic stress response is still unclear. In this study, a total of 278 BnWRKY transcription factors were identified from the B. napus genome data, and they were subsequently distributed in three main groups. The protein motifs and classification of BnWRKY transcription factors were analyzed, and the locations of their corresponding encoding genes were mapped on the chromosomes of B. napus. Transcriptome analysis of rapeseed seedlings exposed to drought, salt, heat, cold and abscisic acid treatment revealed that 99 BnWRKYs responded to at least one of these stresses. The expression profiles of 12 BnWRKYs were examined with qPCR and the result coincided with RNA-seq analysis. Two genes of interest, BnWRKY149 and BnWRKY217 (homologs of AtWRKY40), were overexpressed in Arabidopsis, and the corresponding proteins were located to the nucleus. Transgene plants of BnWRKY149 and BnWRKY217 were less sensitive to ABA than Arabidopsis Col-0 plants, suggesting they might play important roles in the responses of rapeseed to abiotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Jiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Cuiling Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Qunying Ding
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, 710065, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianxin Mu
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - DaoJie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, College of Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang Z, Li N, Yu Q, Wang H. Genome-Wide Characterization of Salt-Responsive miRNAs, circRNAs and Associated ceRNA Networks in Tomatoes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12238. [PMID: 34830118 PMCID: PMC8625345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization is a major environmental stress that causes crop yield reductions worldwide. Therefore, the cultivation of salt-tolerant crops is an effective way to sustain crop yield. Tomatoes are one of the vegetable crops that are moderately sensitive to salt stress. Global market demand for tomatoes is huge and growing. In recent years, the mechanisms of salt tolerance in tomatoes have been extensively investigated; however, the molecular mechanism through which non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) respond to salt stress is not well understood. In this study, we utilized small RNA sequencing and whole transcriptome sequencing technology to identify salt-responsive microRNAs (miRNAs), messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in roots of M82 cultivated tomato and Solanum pennellii (S. pennellii) wild tomato under salt stress. Based on the theory of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), we also established several salt-responsive ceRNA networks. The results showed that circRNAs could act as miRNA sponges in the regulation of target mRNAs of miRNAs, thus participating in the response to salt stress. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of salt tolerance in tomatoes and serves as an effective reference for improving the salt tolerance of salt-sensitive cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi 830091, China
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Qinghui Yu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
| | - Huan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li N, Xu R, Wang B, Wang J, Huang S, Yu Q, Gao J. Genome-Wide Identification and Evolutionary Analysis of the SRO Gene Family in Tomato. Front Genet 2021; 12:753638. [PMID: 34621298 PMCID: PMC8490783 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.753638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SRO (SIMILAR TO RCD ONE) is a family of plant-specific small molecule proteins that play an important role in plant growth and development and environmental responses. However, SROs still lack systematic characterization in tomato. Based on bioinformatics methods, SRO family genes were identified and characterized from cultivated tomatoes and several wild tomatoes. qRT-PCR was used to study the expression of SRO gene in cultivated tomatoes. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses showed that SRO genes in angiosperms share a common ancestor and that the number of SRO family members changed as plants diverged and evolved. Cultivated tomato had six SRO members, five of which still shared some degree of identity with the ancestral SRO genes. Genetic structure and physicochemical properties showed that tomato SRO genes were highly conserved with chromosomal distribution. They could be divided into three groups based on exon-intron structure, and cultivated tomato contained only two of these subclades. A number of hormonal, light and abiotic stress-responsive cis-regulatory elements were identified from the promoter of the tomato SRO gene, and they also interacted with a variety of stress-responsive proteins and microRNAs. RNA-seq analysis showed that SRO genes were widely expressed in different tissues and developmental stages of tomato, with significant tissue-specific features. Expression analysis also showed that SRO genes respond significantly to high temperature and salt stress and mediate the tomato hormone regulatory network. These results provide a theoretical basis for further investigation of the functional expression of tomato SRO genes and provide potential genetic resources for tomato resistance breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.,Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Ruiqiang Xu
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.,Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Shaoyong Huang
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China.,Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Qinghui Yu
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China.,Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| |
Collapse
|