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Liu E, Zhu S, Du M, Lyu H, Zeng S, Liu Q, Wu G, Jiang J, Dang X, Dong Z, Hong D. LAX1, functioning with MADS-box genes, determines normal palea development in rice. Gene 2023; 883:147635. [PMID: 37442304 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Normal floral organ development in rice is necessary for grain formation. Many MADS-box family genes that belong to ABCDE model have been widely implicated in rice flower development. The LAX1 allele encodes a plant-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, which is the main regulator of axillary meristem formation in rice. However, the molecular mechanisms of LAX1 allele together with MADS-box family genes underlying palea development have not been reported. We found a short palea mutant plant in a population of indica rice variety 9311 treated with cobalt 60. We report the map-based cloning and characterization of lax1-7, identified as a new mutant allele of the LAX1 locus, and the role of its wild-type allele LAX1 in rice palea development. Through complementary experiments, combined with genetic and molecular biological analyses, the function of the LAX1 allele was determined. We showed that LAX1 allele is expressed specifically in young spikelets and encodes a nucleus-localized protein. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that the LAX1 protein physically interacts with OsMADS1, OsMADS6 and OsMADS7. The LAX1 allele is pleiotropic for the maintenance of rice palea identity via cooperation with MADS-box genes and other traits, including axillary meristem initiation, days to heading, plant height, panicle length and spikelet fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erbao Liu
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shangshang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingyu Du
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Huineng Lyu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Siyuan Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiangming Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Guocan Wu
- Ningde Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Ningde 355017, China
| | - Jianhua Jiang
- Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiaojing Dang
- Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Zhiyao Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Jilin 136000, China
| | - Delin Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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2
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Xu Y, Yu D, Chen J, Duan M. A review of rice male sterility types and their sterility mechanisms. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18204. [PMID: 37519640 PMCID: PMC10372310 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Male sterility plays an important role in the utilization of heterosis in rice. The establishment of male sterile lines in rice is one of the key technologies in hybrid rice production systems. The currently widely used male sterile line breeding systems mainly include: three-line hybrid rice based on cytoplasmic male sterility, two-line hybrid rice based on environmental sensitive gene male sterility, and third-generation hybrid rice based on nuclear gene male sterility Seed production system. This study reviewed the types and mechanisms of male sterility in rice, and looked forward to the development direction of hybrid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Xu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Dong Yu
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Meijuan Duan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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3
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Zhang P, Zhu W, He Y, Fan J, Shi J, Fu R, Hu J, Li L, Zhang D, Liang W. THERMOSENSITIVE BARREN PANICLE (TAP) is required for rice panicle and spikelet development at high ambient temperature. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:855-869. [PMID: 36263719 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In cereal plants, the size of the panicle (inflorescence) is a critical factor for yield. Panicle size is determined by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, but the mechanisms underlying adaptations to temperature stress during panicle development remain largely unknown. We identify the rice THERMOSENSITIVE BARREN PANICLE (TAP) gene, which encodes a transposase-derived FAR1-RELATED SEQUENCE (FRS) protein and is responsible for regulating panicle and spikelet development at high ambient temperature. The tap mutants display high temperature-dependent reproductive abnormalities, including compromised secondary branch and spikelet initiation and pleiotropic floral organ defects. Consistent with its thermosensitive phenotype, TAP expression is induced by high temperature. TAP directly promotes the expression of OsYABBY3 (OsYAB3), OsYAB4, and OsYAB5, which encode key transcriptional regulators in panicle and spikelet development. In addition, TAP physically interacts with OsYAB4 and OsYAB5 proteins; phenotypic analysis of osyab4 tap-1 and osyab5 tap-1 double mutants indicates that TAP-OsYAB4/OsYAB5 complexes act to maintain normal panicle and spikelet development. Taken together, our study reveals the novel role of a TE-derived transcription factor in controlling rice panicle development under high ambient temperatures, shedding light on the molecular mechanism underlying the adaptation of cereal crops to increasing environmental temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Wanwan Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Yi He
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Junyi Fan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Jin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Ruifeng Fu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory and Plant Biology Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
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4
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Dreni L. The ABC of Flower Development in Monocots: The Model of Rice Spikelet. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2686:59-82. [PMID: 37540354 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3299-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The initial seminal studies of flower developmental genetics were made from observations in several eudicot model species, particularly Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum. However, an increasing amount of research in monocot model and crop species is finally giving the credit that monocots deserve for their position in the evolutionary history of Angiosperms, their astonishing diversification and adaptation, their diversified floral structures, their pivotal function in most ecosystems on Earth and, finally, their importance in agriculture and farming, economy, landscaping and feeding mankind. Rice is a staple crop and the major monocot model to study the reproductive phase and flower evolution. Inspired by this, this chapter reviews a story of highly conserved functions related to the ABC model of flower development. Nevertheless, this model is complicated in rice by cases of gene neofunctionalization, like the recruitment of MADS-box genes for the development of the unique organs known as lemma and palea, subfunctionalization, and rewiring of conserved molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Dreni
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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5
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Zhang J, Ma H, Liu Y. Analysis on characteristics of female gametophyte and functional identification of genes related to inflorescences development of Kentucky bluegrass. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:1061-1079. [PMID: 34743240 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The inflorescence is composed of spikes, and the spike is the carrier of grass seed formation and development, so the development status of inflorescence implies grass seed yield and quality. So far, the systematic analysis of inflorescence development of Kentucky bluegrass has not been reported. The development process of the female gametophyte of wild germplasm materials of Kentucky bluegrass in Gannan, Gansu Province of China (KB-GN), was observed. Based on this, the key developmental stages of inflorescence in KB-GN were divided into premeiosis (GPreM), meiosis (GM), postmeiosis (GPostM), and anthesis (GA), and four stages of inflorescence were selected to analyze the transcriptome expression profile. We found that its sexual reproduction formed a polygonum-type embryo sac. Transcriptome analysis showed that 4256, 1125, 1699, and 3127 genes were highly expressed in GPreM, GM, GPostM, and GA, respectively. And a large number of transcription factors (TFs) such as MADS-box, MYB and NAC, AP2, C2H2, FAR1, B3, bHLH, WRKY, and TCP were highly expressed throughout the inflorescence development stages. KEGG enrichment and MapMan analysis showed that genes involved in plant hormone metabolism were also highly expressed at the entire stages of inflorescence development. However, a few TFs belong to stage-specific genes, such as TRAF proteins with unknown function in plants was screened firstly, which was specifically and highly expressed in the GPreM, indicating that TRAF may regulate the preparatory events of meiosis or be essential for the development of megaspore mother cell (MMC). The expression patterns of 15 MADS-box genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR, and the expression results were consistent with that of the transcriptome. The study on the inflorescence development of KB-GN will be great significant works and contribution to illustrate the basic mechanism of grass seeds formation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqing Zhang
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Huiling Ma
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
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6
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Xu W, Zhu W, Yang L, Liang W, Li H, Yang L, Chen M, Luo Z, Huang G, Duan L, Dreni L, Zhang D. SMALL REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS, a SUPERMAN-like transcription factor, regulates stamen and pistil growth in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1701-1718. [PMID: 34761379 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organ size is determined mainly by cell division and cell expansion. Several genetic factors regulating development of plant lateral organs have been characterized, but those involved in determining reproductive organ size and separation in rice (Oryza sativa) remain unknown. We have isolated the rice gene SMALL REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS (SRO) encoding a nucleus-localized Cys2His2 (C2 H2 ) zinc finger protein orthologous to Arabidopsis transcription factor (TF) SUPERMAN (SUP). Combined developmental, genetic, histological and transcriptomic analyses were used to determine the function of SRO in regulating reproductive organ size. SRO affects genes involved in cell division, cell expansion and phytohormone signalling in the rice flower. SRO is specifically expressed in the first stages of stamen filament development to regulate their correct formation and separation. In addition, SRO noncell-autonomously regulates the size and functionality of male and female reproductive organs. The B-class MADS-box gene OsMADS16/SPW1 is epistatic to SRO, whereas SRO regulates reproductive organ specification and floral meristem determinacy synergistically with C-class genes OsMADS3 and OsMADS58. These findings provide insights into how an evolutionarily conserved TF has a pivotal role in reproductive organ development in core eudicots and monocots, through partially conserved expression, function and regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanwan Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics (NKLPMG), CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Yang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhijing Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lei Duan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ludovico Dreni
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
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7
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Vejchasarn P, Shearman JR, Chaiprom U, Phansenee Y, Suthanthangjai A, Jairin J, Chamarerk V, Tulyananda T, Amornbunchornvej C. Population Structure of Nation-Wide Rice in Thailand. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:88. [PMID: 34693480 PMCID: PMC8542525 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thailand is a country with large diversity in rice varieties due to its rich and diverse ecology. In this paper, 300 rice accessions from all across Thailand were sequenced to identify SNP variants allowing for the population structure to be explored. RESULTS The result of inferred population structure from admixture and clustering analysis illustrated strong evidence of substructure in each geographical region. The results of phylogenetic tree, PCA analysis, and machine learning on population identifying SNPs also supported the inferred population structure. CONCLUSION The population structure inferred in this study contains five subpopulations that tend to group individuals based on location. So, each subpopulation has unique genetic patterns, agronomic traits, as well as different environmental conditions. This study can serve as a reference point of the nation-wide population structure for supporting breeders and researchers who are interested in Thai rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy R. Shearman
- National Omics Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 111 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Usawadee Chaiprom
- National Biobank of Thailand (NBT), 144 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | | | - Jirapong Jairin
- Ubonratchathani Rice Research Center, 34000 Ubonratchathani, Thailand
| | | | - Tatpong Tulyananda
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 10400 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chainarong Amornbunchornvej
- National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), 112 Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang District, 12120 Pathum Thani, Thailand
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8
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Chen Z, Li Y, Li P, Huang X, Chen M, Wu J, Wang L, Liu X, Li Y. MircroRNA Profiles of Early Rice Inflorescence Revealed a Specific miRNA5506 Regulating Development of Floral Organs and Female Megagametophyte in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126610. [PMID: 34205521 PMCID: PMC8235126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The developmental process of inflorescence and gametophytes is vital for sexual reproduction in rice. Multiple genes and conserved miRNAs have been characterized to regulate the process. The changes of miRNAs expression during the early development of rice inflorescence remain unknown. In this study, the analysis of miRNAs profiles in the early stage of rice inflorescence development identified 671 miRNAs, including 67 known and 44 novel differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Six distinct clusters of miRNAs expression patterns were detected, and Cluster 5 comprised 110 DEMs, including unconserved, rice-specific osa-miR5506. Overexpression of osa-miR5506 caused pleiotropic abnormalities, including over- or under-developed palea, various numbers of floral organs and spikelet indeterminacy. In addition, the defects of ovaries development were frequently characterized by multiple megasporocytes, ovule-free ovary, megasporocyte degenerated and embryo sac degenerated in the transgenic lines. osa-miR5506 targeted REM transcription factor LOC_Os03g11370. Summarily, these results demonstrated that rice-specific osa-miR5506 plays an essential role in the regulation of floral organ number, spikelet determinacy and female gametophyte development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.C.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yajing Li
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
| | - Peigang Li
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
| | - Mingxin Chen
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
| | - Jinwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.C.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
| | - Lang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.C.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Z.C.); (J.W.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (P.L.); (X.H.); (M.C.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yajuan Li
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Common Basic Courses, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (Y.L.)
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9
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Hu J, Chang X, Zhang Y, Yu X, Qin Y, Sun Y, Zhang L. The pineapple MADS-box gene family and the evolution of early monocot flower. Sci Rep 2021; 11:849. [PMID: 33441609 PMCID: PMC7806820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike the flower of the model monocot rice, which has diverged greatly from the ancestral monocot flower, the pineapple (Ananas comosus) flower is more typical of monocot flowers. Here, we identified 43 pineapple genes containing MADS-box domains, including 11 type I and 32 type II genes. RNA-seq expression data generated from five pineapple floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens, pistils, and ovules) and quantitative real-time PCR revealed tissue-specific expression patterns for some genes. We found that AcAGL6 and AcFUL1 were mainly expressed in sepals and petals, suggesting their involvement in the regulation of these floral organs. A pineapple ‘ABCDE’ model was proposed based on the phylogenetic analysis and expression patterns of MADS-box genes. Unlike rice and orchid with frequent species-specific gene duplication and subsequent expression divergence, the composition and expression of the ABCDE genes were conserved in pineapple. We also found that AcSEP1/3, AcAG, AcAGL11a/b/c, and AcFUL1 were highly expressed at different stages of fruit development and have similar expression profiles, implicating these genes’ role in fruit development and ripening processes. We propose that the pineapple flower can be used as a model for studying the ancestral form of monocot flowers to investigate their development and evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaojun Chang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xianxian Yu
- School of Urban-Rural Planning and Landscape Architecture, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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10
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Wu H, Xie D, Tang Z, Shi D, Yang W. PINOID regulates floral organ development by modulating auxin transport and interacts with MADS16 in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1778-1795. [PMID: 31950589 PMCID: PMC7336374 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In rice (Oryza sativa L.), floral organ development is an important trait. Although a role for PINOID in regulating floral organ development was reported recently, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we isolated and characterized an abnormal floral organ mutant and mapped the causative gene through an improved MutMap method. Molecular study revealed that the observed phenotype is caused by a point mutation in OsPINOID (OsPID) gene; therefore, we named the mutation as ospid-4. Our data demonstrate that OsPID interacts with OsPIN1a and OsPIN1b to regulate polar auxin transport as shown previously. Additionally, OsPID also interacts with OsMADS16 to regulate transcription during floral organ development in rice. Together, we propose a model that OsPID regulates floral organ development by modulating auxin polar transport and interaction with OsMADS16 and/or LAX1 in rice. These results provide a novel insight into the role of OsPID in regulating floral organ development of rice, especially in stigma development, which would be useful for genetic improvement of high-yield breeding of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua‐Mao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dong‐Jiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zuo‐Shun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dong‐Qiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei‐Cai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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11
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Yang C, Liu X, Li D, Zhu X, Wei Z, Feng Z, Zhang L, He J, Mou C, Jiang L, Wan J. OsLUGL is involved in the regulating auxin level and OsARFs expression in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 288:110239. [PMID: 31521225 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Specification of floral organ identity is critical for floral morphology and inflorescence architecture. Floral organ identity in plants is controlled by floral homeotic A/B/C/D/E-class genes. Although multiple genes regulate floral organogenesis, our understanding of the regulatory network remains fragmentary. Here, we characterized a rice floral organ gene KAIKOUXIAO (KKX), mutation of which produces an uncharacteristic open hull, abnormal seed and semi-sterility. KKX encodes a putative LEUNIG-like (LUGL) transcriptional regulator OsLUGL. OsLUGL is preferentially expressed in young panicles and its protein can interact with OsSEU, which functions were reported as an adaptor for LEUNIG. OsLUGL-OsSEU functions together as a transcriptional co-regulatory complex to control organ identity. SEP3 (such as OsMADS8) and AP1 (such as OsMADS18) serve as the DNA-binding partner of OsLUGL-OsSEU complex. Further studies indicated that OsMADS8 and OsMADS18 could bind to the promoter of OsGH3-8. The altered expression of OsGH3-8 might cause the increased auxin level and the decreased expression of OsARFs. Overall, our results demonstrate a possible pathway whereby OsLUGL-OsSEU-OsAP1-OsSEP3 complex as a transcriptional co-regulator by targeting the promoter of OsGH3-8, then affecting auxin level, OsARFs expression and thereby influencing floral development. These findings provide a valuable insight into the molecular functions of OsLUGL in rice floral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dianli Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xingjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ziyao Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhiming Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Changling Mou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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12
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Kong L, Duan Y, Ye Y, Cai Z, Wang F, Qu X, Qiu R, Wu C, Wu W. Screening and analysis of proteins interacting with OsMADS16 in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221473. [PMID: 31437207 PMCID: PMC6705763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OsMADS16, a class B floral organ identity gene, plays a pivotal role in stamen formation in rice. To date, little is known about the interacting partners of OsMADS16 except for several MADS-box proteins. In this study, we constructed a high-quality cDNA library of young panicles (< 5 cm in length) and performed yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening using OsMADS16 as bait. Eleven candidate proteins interacting with OsMADS16 were identified by Y2H and validated by BiFC and Co-IP assays. Subcellular localization results further confirmed the possibility of the interactions of OsMADS16 with 10 of the candidate proteins in natural rice cells. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that these partners exerted various molecular, cellular and physiological functions. Some of them were known or likely to be related to reproductive events, such as stamen primordium initiation, differentiation and development (OsMADS2, OsMADS4 and OsCOP9) and pollen development (OsbHLH40 and Os6PGDH). Our results provide an important reference for further research on OsMADS16-mediated regulation mechanism on floral organ development and pollen formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Kong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuanlin Duan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanfang Ye
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhengzheng Cai
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaojie Qu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ronghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weiren Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Ali Z, Raza Q, Atif RM, Aslam U, Ajmal M, Chung G. Genetic and Molecular Control of Floral Organ Identity in Cereals. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2743. [PMID: 31167420 PMCID: PMC6600504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Grasses represent a major family of monocots comprising mostly cereals. When compared to their eudicot counterparts, cereals show a remarkable morphological diversity. Understanding the molecular basis of floral organ identity and inflorescence development is crucial to gain insight into the grain development for yield improvement purposes in cereals, however, the exact genetic mechanism of floral organogenesis remains elusive due to their complex inflorescence architecture. Extensive molecular analyses of Arabidopsis and other plant genera and species have established the ABCDE floral organ identity model. According to this model, hierarchical combinatorial activities of A, B, C, D, and E classes of homeotic genes regulate the identity of different floral organs with partial conservation and partial diversification between eudicots and cereals. Here, we review the developmental role of A, B, C, D, and E gene classes and explore the recent advances in understanding the floral development and subsequent organ specification in major cereals with reference to model plants. Furthermore, we discuss the evolutionary relationships among known floral organ identity genes. This comparative overview of floral developmental genes and associated regulatory factors, within and between species, will provide a thorough understanding of underlying complex genetic and molecular control of flower development and floral organ identity, which can be helpful to devise innovative strategies for grain yield improvement in cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan.
| | - Qasim Raza
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- Molecular Breeding Laboratory, Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku 39020, Pakistan.
| | - Rana Muhammad Atif
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Usman Aslam
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ajmal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Gyuhwa Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Chonnam 59626, Korea.
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14
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Liu H, Wang R, Mao B, Zhao B, Wang J. Identification of lncRNAs involved in rice ovule development and female gametophyte abortion by genome-wide screening and functional analysis. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:90. [PMID: 30691391 PMCID: PMC6348626 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As important female reproductive tissues, the rice (Oryza sativa L.) ovule and female gametophyte is significant in terms of their fertility. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important and wide-ranging roles in the growth and development of plants and have become a major research focus in recent years. Therefore, we explored the characterization and expression change of lncRNAs during ovule development and female gametophytic abortion. Results In our study, whole-transcriptome strand-specific RNA sequencing (ssRNA-seq) was performed in the ovules of a high-frequency female-sterile rice line (fsv1) and a wild-type rice line (Gui99) at the megaspore mother cell meiosis stage (stage 1), functional megaspore mitosis stage (stage 2) and female gametophyte mature stage (stage 3). By comparing two rice lines, we identified 152, 233, and 197 differentially expressed lncRNAs at the three ovule developmental stages. Functional analysis of the coherent target genes of these differentially expressed lncRNAs indicated that many lncRNAs participate in multiple pathways such as hormone and cellular metabolism and signal transduction. Moreover, there were many differentially expressed lncRNAs acting as the precursors of some miRNAs that are involved in the development of ovules and female gametophytes. In addition, we have found that lncRNAs can act as decoys, competing with mRNAs for binding to miRNAs to maintain the normal expression of genes related to ovule and female gametophyte development. Conclusion These results provide important clues for elucidating the female gametophyte abortion mechanism in rice. This study also expands our understanding about the biological functions of lncRNAs and the annotation of the rice genome. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5442-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ruihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bigang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Bingran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125, China.
| | - Jianbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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15
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Golicz AA, Bhalla PL, Singh MB. MCRiceRepGP: a framework for the identification of genes associated with sexual reproduction in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:188-202. [PMID: 29979827 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important cereal crop, being a staple food for over half of the world's population, and sexual reproduction resulting in grain formation underpins global food security. However, despite considerable research efforts, many of the genes, especially long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) genes, involved in sexual reproduction in rice remain uncharacterized. With an increasing number of public resources becoming available, information from different sources can be combined to perform gene functional annotation. We report the development of MCRiceRepGP, a machine learning framework which integrates heterogeneous evidence and employs multicriteria decision analysis and machine learning to predict coding and lincRNA genes involved in sexual reproduction in rice. The rice genome was reannotated using deep-sequencing transcriptomic data from reproduction-associated tissue/cell types identifying previously unannotated putative protein-coding genes and lincRNAs. MCRiceRepGP was used for genome-wide discovery of sexual reproduction associated coding and lincRNA genes. The protein-coding and lincRNA genes identified have distinct expression profiles, with a large proportion of lincRNAs reaching maximum expression levels in the sperm cells. Some of the genes are potentially linked to male- and female-specific fertility and heat stress tolerance during the reproductive stage. MCRiceRepGP can be used in combination with other genome-wide studies, such as genome-wide association studies, giving greater confidence that the genes identified are associated with the biological process of interest. As more data, especially about mutant plant phenotypes, become available, the power of MCRiceRepGP will grow, providing researchers with a tool to identify candidate genes for future experiments. MCRiceRepGP is available as a web application (http://mcgplannotator.com/MCRiceRepGP/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka A Golicz
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Prem L Bhalla
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Mohan B Singh
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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16
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Guo Z, Zhao Y, Röder MS, Reif JC, Ganal MW, Chen D, Schnurbusch T. Manipulation and prediction of spike morphology traits for the improvement of grain yield in wheat. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14435. [PMID: 30258057 PMCID: PMC6158183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31977-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In wheat (Triticum spp.), modifying inflorescence (spike) morphology can increase grain number and size and thus improve yield. Here, we demonstrated the potential for manipulating and predicting spike morphology, based on 44 traits. In 12 wheat cultivars, we observed that detillering (removal of branches), which alters photosynthate distribution, changed spike morphology. Our genome-wide association study detected close associations between carbon partitioning (e.g. tiller number, main shoot dry weight) and spike morphology (e.g. spike length, spikelet density) traits in 210 cultivars. Most carbon-partitioning traits (e.g. tiller dry weight, harvest index) demonstrated high prediction abilities (>0.5). For spike morphology, some traits (e.g. total and fertile spikelet number, spike length) displayed high prediction abilities (0.3-0.5), but others (e.g. spikelet fertility, spikelet density) exhibited low prediction abilities (<0.2). Grain size traits were closely correlated in field and greenhouse experiments. Stepwise regression analysis suggests that significantly associated traits in the greenhouse explain 35.35% of the variation in grain yield and 67.63% of the variation in thousand-kernel weight in the field. Therefore, the traits identified in this study affect spike morphology; these traits can be used to predict and improve plant architecture and thus increase yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Guo
- Independent HEISENBERG Research Group Plant Architecture, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Research Group Quantitative Genetics, Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Marion S Röder
- Research Group Gene and Genome Mapping, Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jochen C Reif
- Research Group Quantitative Genetics, Department of Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | | | - Dijun Chen
- Research Group Image Analysis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schnurbusch
- Independent HEISENBERG Research Group Plant Architecture, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany.
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17
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Minh-Thu PT, Kim JS, Chae S, Jun KM, Lee GS, Kim DE, Cheong JJ, Song SI, Nahm BH, Kim YK. A WUSCHEL Homeobox Transcription Factor, OsWOX13, Enhances Drought Tolerance and Triggers Early Flowering in Rice. Mol Cells 2018; 41:781-798. [PMID: 30078233 PMCID: PMC6125423 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have evolved strategies to cope with drought stress by maximizing physiological capacity and adjusting developmental processes such as flowering time. The WOX13 orthologous group is the most conserved among the clade of WOX homeodomain-containing proteins and is found to function in both drought stress and flower development. In this study, we isolated and characterized OsWOX13 from rice. OsWOX13 was regulated spatially in vegetative organs but temporally in flowers and seeds. Overexpression of OsWOX13 (OsWOX13-ov) in rice under the rab21 promoter resulted in drought resistance and early flowering by 7-10 days. Screening of gene expression profiles in mature leaf and panicles of OsWOX13-ov showed a broad spectrum of effects on biological processes, such as abiotic and biotic stresses, exerting a cross-talk between responses. Protein binding microarray and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analyses supported ATTGATTG as the putative cis-element binding of OsWOX13. OsDREB1A and OsDREB1F, drought stress response transcription factors, contain ATTGATTG motif(s) in their promoters and are preferentially expressed in OsWOX13-ov. In addition, Heading date 3a and OsMADS14, regulators in the flowering pathway and development, were enhanced in OsWOX13-ov. These results suggest that OsWOX13 mediates the stress response and early flowering and, thus, may be a regulator of genes involved in drought escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham-Thi Minh-Thu
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Joung Sug Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Songhwa Chae
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Kyong Mi Jun
- Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene Biotech Inc., Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Gang-Seob Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju 54875,
Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029,
Korea
| | - Jong-Joo Cheong
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Sang Ik Song
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Baek Hie Nahm
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
- Genomics Genetics Institute, GreenGene Biotech Inc., Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Yeon-Ki Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
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18
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Callens C, Tucker MR, Zhang D, Wilson ZA. Dissecting the role of MADS-box genes in monocot floral development and diversity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:2435-2459. [PMID: 29718461 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Many monocot plants have high social and economic value. These include grasses such as rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and barley (Hordeum vulgare), which produce soft commodities for many food and beverage industries, and ornamental flowers such ase lily (Lilium longiflorum) and orchid (Oncidium Gower Ramsey), which represent an important component of international flower markets. There is constant pressure to improve the development and diversity of these species, with a significant emphasis on flower development, and this is particularly relevant considering the impact of changing environments on reproduction and thus yield. MADS-box proteins are a family of transcription factors that contain a conserved 60 amino acid MADS-box motif. In plants, attention has been devoted to characterization of this family due to their roles in inflorescence and flower development, which holds promise for the modification of floral architecture for plant breeding. This has been explored in diverse angiosperms, but particularly the dicot model Arabidopsis thaliana. The focus of this review is on the less well characterized roles of the MADS-box proteins in monocot flower development and how changes in MADS-box proteins throughout evolution may have contributed to creating a diverse range of flowers. Examining these changes within the monocots can identify the importance of certain genes and pinpoint those which might be useful in future crop improvement and breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Callens
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| | - Dabing Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zoe A Wilson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
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19
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Chae S, Kim JS, Jun KM, Lee SB, Kim MS, Nahm BH, Kim YK. Analysis of Genes with Alternatively Spliced Transcripts in the Leaf, Root, Panicle and Seed of Rice Using a Long Oligomer Microarray and RNA-Seq. Mol Cells 2017; 40:714-730. [PMID: 29047256 PMCID: PMC5682249 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-mRNA splicing further increases protein diversity acquired through evolution. The underlying driving forces for this phenomenon are unknown, especially in terms of gene expression. A rice alternatively spliced transcript detection microarray (ASDM) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) were applied to differentiate the transcriptome of 4 representative organs of Oryza sativa L. cv. Ilmi: leaves, roots, 1-cm-stage panicles and young seeds at 21 days after pollination. Comparison of data obtained by microarray and RNA-Seq showed a bell-shaped distribution and a co-lineation for highly expressed genes. Transcripts were classified according to the degree of organ enrichment using a coefficient value (CV, the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean values): highly variable (CVI), variable (CVII), and constitutive (CVIII) groups. A higher index of the portion of loci with alternatively spliced transcripts in a group (IAST) value was observed for the constitutive group. Genes of the highly variable group showed the characteristics of the examined organs, and alternatively spliced transcripts tended to exhibit the same organ specificity or less organ preferences, with avoidance of 'organ distinctness'. In addition, within a locus, a tendency of higher expression was found for transcripts with a longer coding sequence (CDS), and a spliced intron was the most commonly found type of alternative splicing for an extended CDS. Thus, pre-mRNA splicing might have evolved to retain maximum functionality in terms of organ preference and multiplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhwa Chae
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Joung Sug Kim
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Kyong Mi Jun
- GreenGene Biotech Inc., 116, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Sang-Bok Lee
- Central Area Crop Breeding Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Chuncheon 24219,
Korea
| | | | - Baek Hie Nahm
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
- GreenGene Biotech Inc., 116, Yongin 17058,
Korea
| | - Yeon-Ki Kim
- Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, Yongin 17058,
Korea
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20
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Genetic Subtraction Profiling Identifies Candidate miRNAs Involved in Rice Female Gametophyte Abortion. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2017; 7:2281-2293. [PMID: 28526728 PMCID: PMC5499135 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.040808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The female gametophyte is an important participant in the sexual reproduction of plants. The molecular mechanism of its development has received much attention in recent years. As important regulators of gene expression, miRNAs have been certified to play a significant role in many biological processes of plants, including sexual reproduction. In this study, to investigate the potential regulatory effects of miRNAs on rice female gametophyte abortion, we used the high-throughput sequencing method to compare the miRNA transcriptome in ovules of a high frequency female-sterile line (fsv1) and a rice wild-type line (Gui 99) during ovule development. As a result, 522 known miRNAs and 295 novel miRNAs were expressed in the developing ovule of rice, while 100 known miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between these two rice lines during ovule development. Combining with gene expression information, a total of 627 coherent target genes of these differential expressed known miRNAs between fsv1 and Gui 99 were identified. The functional analyses of these coherent target genes revealed that the coherent target genes of differential expressed known miRNAs between the two rice lines are involved in many biological pathways, such as protein degradation, auxin signal transduction, and transcription factor regulation. These results provide us with important clues to investigate the regulatory roles of miRNAs in rice female gametophyte abortion.
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21
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Ye S, Yang W, Zhai R, Lu Y, Wang J, Zhang X. Mapping and application of the twin-grain1 gene in rice. PLANTA 2017; 245:707-716. [PMID: 27999987 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The map-based cloning and application of a flower organ number gene twin - grain1 provide great potential for improving seed production in hybrid rice. A new germplasm for high-yield rice breeding, the twin-grain1 (tg1) mutant with more than one grain in a glume, was obtained from the Zhejing 22 rice variety via physical mutagenesis. The mapping results showed that TG1 is allelic to FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 (FON2)/FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 (FON4), a flower organ number gene located at 88.7 cM on chromosome 11. The novel tg1 gene allele was introgressed into the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line Zhejing 22A, giving rise to a new CMS line Zhejing 22-tg1A. The Zhejing 22-tg1A line showed enhanced glume opening and stigma exsertion, which increased the outcrossing rate in hybrid rice. A small-scale hybrid rice seed production test demonstrated that the grain yield of the Zhejing 22-tg1A/Zhejinghui 5 line was significantly increased compared to that of the Zhejing 22A/Zhejinghui 5 line. The plot yield evaluation of the F1 hybrid lines showed a higher yield for the Zhejing 22-tg1A/Zhejinghui 5 line than that of the Zhejing 22A/Zhejinghui 5 line. The results implied great potentials for the tg1 gene in hybrid rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghai Ye
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Weibing Yang
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rongrong Zhai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yanting Lu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Junmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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Xu W, Tao J, Chen M, Dreni L, Luo Z, Hu Y, Liang W, Zhang D. Interactions between FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 and floral homeotic genes in regulating rice flower development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:483-498. [PMID: 28204535 PMCID: PMC6055531 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The floral meristem (FM) is self-maintaining at the early stages of flower development, but it is terminated when a fixed number of floral organs are produced. The FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 (FON4; also known as FON2) gene, an ortholog of Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 (CLV3), is required for regulating FM size and determinacy in rice. However, its interactions with floral homeotic genes remain unknown. Here, we report the genetic interactions between FON4 and floral homeotic genes OsMADS15 (an A-class gene), OsMADS16 (also called SUPERWOMAN1, SPW1, a B-class gene), OsMADS3 and OsMADS58 (C-class genes), OsMADS13 (a D-class gene), and OsMADS1 (an E-class gene) during flower development. We observed an additive phenotype in the fon4 double mutant with the OsMADS15 mutant allele dep (degenerative palea). The effect on the organ number of whorl 2 was enhanced in fon4 spw1. Double mutant combinations of fon4 with osmads3, osmads58, osmads13, and osmads1 displayed enhanced defects in FM determinacy and identity, respectively, indicating that FON4 and these genes synergistically control FM activity. In addition, the expression patterns of all the genes besides OsMADS13 had no obvious change in the fon4 mutant. This work reveals how the meristem maintenance gene FON4 genetically interacts with C, D, and E floral homeotic genes in specifying FM activity in monocot rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juhong Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjiao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ludovico Dreni
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zhijing Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Shanghai Jiao Tong University–University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
- Correspondence:
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23
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Yu H, Ruan B, Wang Z, Ren D, Zhang Y, Leng Y, Zeng D, Hu J, Zhang G, Zhu L, Gao Z, Chen G, Guo L, Chen W, Qian Q. Fine Mapping of a Novel defective glume 1 ( dg1) Mutant, Which Affects Vegetative and Spikelet Development in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:486. [PMID: 28428794 PMCID: PMC5382164 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In cereal crops, vegetative and spikelet development play important roles in grain yield and quality, but the genetic mechanisms that control vegetative and spikelet development remain poorly understood in rice. Here, we identified a new rice mutant, defective glume 1 (dg1) mutant from cultivar Zhonghua11 after ethyl methanesulfonate treatment. The dg1 mutant displayed the dwarfism with small, rolled leaves, which resulted from smaller cells and more bulliform cells. The dg1 mutant also had an enlarged leaf angle and defects in brassinosteroid signaling. In the dg1 mutant, both the rudimentary glume and sterile lemma (glumes) were transformed into lemma-like organ and acquired the lemma identity. Additionally, the dg1 mutant produced slender grains. Further analysis revealed that DG1 affects grain size by regulating cell proliferation and expansion. We fine mapped the dg1 locus to a 31-kb region that includes eight open reading frames. We examined the DNA sequence and expression of these loci, but we were not able to identify the DG1 gene. Therefore, more work will be needed for cloning and functional analysis of DG1, which would contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind whole-plant development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Yu
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of AgricultureShenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Banpu Ruan
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of AgricultureShenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Deyong Ren, Wenfu Chen, Qian Qian,
| | - Yu Zhang
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of AgricultureShenyang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Yujia Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Rice Research Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Rice Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of AgricultureShenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Deyong Ren, Wenfu Chen, Qian Qian,
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Deyong Ren, Wenfu Chen, Qian Qian,
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Lombardo F, Kuroki M, Yao S, Shimizu H, Ikegaya T, Kimizu M, Ohmori S, Akiyama T, Hayashi T, Yamaguchi T, Koike S, Yatou O, Yoshida H. The superwoman1-cleistogamy2 mutant is a novel resource for gene containment in rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:97-106. [PMID: 27336225 PMCID: PMC5253472 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Outcrossing between cultivated plants and their related wild species may result in the loss of favourable agricultural traits in the progeny or escape of transgenes in the environment. Outcrossing can be physically prevented by using cleistogamous (i.e. closed-flower) plants. In rice, flower opening is dependent on the mechanical action of fleshy organs called lodicules, which are generally regarded as the grass petal equivalents. Lodicule identity and development are specified by the action of protein complexes involving the SPW1 and OsMADS2 transcription factors. In the superwoman1-cleistogamy1 (spw1-cls1) mutant, SPW1 is impaired for heterodimerization with OsMADS2 and consequently spw1-cls1 shows thin, ineffective lodicules. However, low temperatures help stabilise the mutated SPW1/OsMADS2 heterodimer and lodicule development is restored when spw1-cls1 is grown in a cold environment, resulting in the loss of the cleistogamous phenotype. To identify a novel, temperature-stable cleistogamous allele of SPW1, targeted and random mutations were introduced into the SPW1 sequence and their effects over SPW1/OsMADS2 dimer formation were assessed in yeast two-hybrid experiments. In parallel, a novel cleistogamous allele of SPW1 called spw1-cls2 was isolated from a forward genetic screen. In spw1-cls2, a mutation leading to a change of an amino acid involved in DNA binding by the transcription factor was identified. Fertility of spw1-cls2 is somewhat decreased under low temperatures but unlike for spw1-cls1, the cleistogamous phenotype is maintained, making the line a safer and valuable genetic resource for gene containment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Lombardo
- Division of Applied GeneticsInstitute of Agrobiological SciencesNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)IbarakiJapan
| | - Makoto Kuroki
- Division of Crop Breeding ResearchHokkaido Agricultural Research CenterNAROHokkaidoJapan
- Division of Rice ResearchInstitute of Crop ScienceNAROIbarakiJapan
| | - Shan‐Guo Yao
- Division of Crop DevelopmentCentral Region Agricultural Research CenterNARONiigataJapan
- Present address: Center for Genome BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Hiroyuki Shimizu
- Division of Crop Breeding ResearchHokkaido Agricultural Research CenterNAROHokkaidoJapan
| | - Tomohito Ikegaya
- Division of Crop Breeding ResearchHokkaido Agricultural Research CenterNAROHokkaidoJapan
| | - Mayumi Kimizu
- Division of Crop DevelopmentCentral Region Agricultural Research CenterNARONiigataJapan
| | - Shinnosuke Ohmori
- Division of Crop DevelopmentCentral Region Agricultural Research CenterNARONiigataJapan
| | - Takashi Akiyama
- Division of Applied GeneticsInstitute of Agrobiological SciencesNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)IbarakiJapan
| | - Takami Hayashi
- Division of Crop Breeding ResearchHokkaido Agricultural Research CenterNAROHokkaidoJapan
- Division of Agro‐Production Technologies and Management ResearchTohoku Agricultural Research CenterNAROIwateJapan
| | - Tomoya Yamaguchi
- Division of Agro‐Production Technologies and Management ResearchTohoku Agricultural Research CenterNAROIwateJapan
- Present address: Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research CouncilMinistry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of JapanTokyo100‐8950Japan
| | - Setsuo Koike
- Division of Agro‐Production Technologies and Management ResearchTohoku Agricultural Research CenterNAROIwateJapan
| | - Osamu Yatou
- Division of Crop DevelopmentCentral Region Agricultural Research CenterNARONiigataJapan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshida
- Division of Applied GeneticsInstitute of Agrobiological SciencesNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO)IbarakiJapan
- Division of Crop DevelopmentCentral Region Agricultural Research CenterNARONiigataJapan
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25
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Dreni L, Zhang D. Flower development: the evolutionary history and functions of the AGL6 subfamily MADS-box genes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1625-1638. [PMID: 26956504 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AGL6 is an ancient subfamily of MADS-box genes found in both gymnosperms and angiosperms. Its functions remained elusive despite the fact that the MADS-box genes and the ABC model have been studied for >20 years. Nevertheless, recent discoveries in petunia, rice, and maize support its involvement in the 'E' function of floral development, very similar to the closely related AGL2 (SEPALLATA) subfamily which has been well characterized. The known functions of AGL6 span from ancient conserved roles to new functions acquired in specific plant families. The AGL6 genes are involved in floral meristem regulation, in floral organs, and ovule (integument) and seed development, and have possible roles in both male and female germline and gametophyte development. In grasses, they are also important for the development of the first whorl of the flower, whereas in Arabidopsis they may play additional roles before floral meristem formation. This review covers these recent insights and some other aspects that are not yet fully elucidated, which deserve more studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Dreni
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia
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26
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Qiu J, Hou Y, Tong X, Wang Y, Lin H, Liu Q, Zhang W, Li Z, Nallamilli BR, Zhang J. Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of early seed development in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 90:249-265. [PMID: 26613898 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed serves as a major food source for over half of the global population. Though it has been long recognized that phosphorylation plays an essential role in rice seed development, the phosphorylation events and dynamics in this process remain largely unknown so far. Here, we report the first large scale identification of rice seed phosphoproteins and phosphosites by using a quantitative phosphoproteomic approach. Thorough proteomic studies in pistils and seeds at 3, 7 days after pollination resulted in the successful identification of 3885, 4313 and 4135 phosphopeptides respectively. A total of 2487 proteins were differentially phosphorylated among the three stages, including Kip related protein 1, Rice basic leucine zipper factor 1, Rice prolamin box binding factor and numerous other master regulators of rice seed development. Moreover, differentially phosphorylated proteins may be extensively involved in the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of phytohormones such as auxin, gibberellin, abscisic acid and brassinosteroid. Our results strongly indicated that protein phosphorylation is a key mechanism regulating cell proliferation and enlargement, phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, grain filling and grain quality during rice seed development. Overall, the current study enhanced our understanding of the rice phosphoproteome and shed novel insight into the regulatory mechanism of rice seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Hou
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Babi R Nallamilli
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Ren D, Rao Y, Leng Y, Li Z, Xu Q, Wu L, Qiu Z, Xue D, Zeng D, Hu J, Zhang G, Zhu L, Gao Z, Chen G, Dong G, Guo L, Qian Q. Regulatory Role of OsMADS34 in the Determination of Glumes Fate, Grain Yield, and Quality in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1853. [PMID: 28018389 PMCID: PMC5156729 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Grasses produce seeds on spikelets, a unique type of inflorescence. Despite the importance of grass crops for food, the genetic mechanisms that control spikelet development remain poorly understood. In this study, we used m34-z, a new mutant allele of the rice (Oryza sativa) E-class gene OsMADS34, to examine OsMADS34 function in determining the identities of glumes (rudimentary glume and sterile lemma) and grain size. In the m34-z mutant, both the rudimentary glume and sterile lemma were homeotically converted to the lemma-like organ and acquired the lemma identity, suggesting that OsMADS34 plays important roles in the development of glumes. In the m34-z mutant, most of the grains from the secondary panicle branches (spb) were decreased in size, compared with grains from wild-type, but no differences were observed in the grains from the primary panicle branches. The amylose content and gel consistency, and a seed-setting rate from the spb were reduced in the m34-z mutant. Interesting, transcriptional activity analysis revealed that OsMADS34 protein was a transcription repressor and it may influence grain yield by suppressing the expressions of BG1, GW8, GW2, and GL7 in the m34-z mutant. These findings revealed that OsMADS34 largely affects grain yield by affecting the size of grains from the secondary branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal UniversityZhejiang, China
| | - Yujia Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Zizhuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal UniversityZhejiang, China
| | - Qiankun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Liwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Zhennan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Dawei Xue
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal UniversityZhejiang, China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Qian, Longbiao Guo,
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteZhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Qian, Longbiao Guo,
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28
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Wang H, Zhang L, Cai Q, Hu Y, Jin Z, Zhao X, Fan W, Huang Q, Luo Z, Chen M, Zhang D, Yuan Z. OsMADS32 interacts with PI-like proteins and regulates rice flower development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 57:504-513. [PMID: 25081486 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OsMADS32 is a monocot specific MIKC(c) type MADS-box gene that plays an important role in regulating rice floral meristem and organs identity, a crucial process for reproductive success and rice yield. However, its underlying mechanism of action remains to be clarified. Here, we characterized a hypomorphic mutant allele of OsMADS32/CFO1, cfo1-3 and identified its function in controlling rice flower development by bioinformatics and protein-protein interaction analysis. The cfo1-3 mutant produces defective flowers, including loss of lodicule identity, formation of ectopic lodicule or hull-like organs and decreased stamen number, mimicking phenotypes related to the mutation of B class genes. Molecular characterization indicated that mis-splicing of OsMADS32 transcripts in the cfo1-3 mutant resulted in an extra eight amino acids in the K-domain of OsMADS32 protein. By yeast two hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, we revealed that the insertion of eight amino acids or deletion of the internal region in the K1 subdomain of OsMADS32 affects the interaction between OsMADS32 with PISTILLATA (PI)-like proteins OsMADS2 and OsMADS4. This work provides new insight into the mechanism by which OsMADS32 regulates rice lodicule and stamen identity, by interaction with two PI-like proteins via its K domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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29
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Yan D, Zhang X, Zhang L, Ye S, Zeng L, Liu J, Li Q, He Z. Curved chimeric palea 1 encoding an EMF1-like protein maintains epigenetic repression of OsMADS58 in rice palea development. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 82:12-24. [PMID: 25647350 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Floral organ specification is controlled by various MADS-box genes in both dicots and monocots, whose expression is often subjected to both genetic and epigenetic regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, little information is known about the role of epigenetic modification of MADS-box genes during rice flower development. Here, we report the characterization of a rice gene, curved chimeric palea 1 (CCP1) that functions in palea development. Mutation in CCP1 resulted in abnormal palea with ectopic stigmatic tissues and other pleiotropic phenotypes. We found that OsMADS58, a C-class gene responsible for carpel morphogenesis, was ectopically expressed in the ccp1 palea, indicating that the ccp1 palea was misspecified and partially acquired carpel-like identity. Constitutive expression of OsMADS58 in the wild-type rice plants caused morphological abnormality of palea similar to that of ccp1, whereas OsMADS58 knockdown by RNAi in ccp1 could rescue the abnormal phenotype of mutant palea, suggesting that the repression of OsMADS58 expression by CCP1 is critical for palea development. Map-based cloning revealed that CCP1 encodes a putative plant-specific emBRYONIC flower1 (EMF1)-like protein. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that the level of the H3K27me3 at the OsMADS58 locus was greatly reduced in ccp1 compared with that in the wild-type. Taken together, our results show that CCP1 plays an important role in palea development through maintaining H3K27me3-mediated epigenetic silence of the carpel identity-specifying gene OsMADS58, shedding light on the epigenetic mechanism in floral organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Shanghai), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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30
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Li W, Cui X. Focus on rice: towards better understanding of the life cycle of crop plants. MOLECULAR PLANT 2014; 7:931-933. [PMID: 24891313 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssu057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Scientific Editor, Molecular Plant
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31
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Dreni L, Kater MM. MADS reloaded: evolution of the AGAMOUS subfamily genes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 201:717-732. [PMID: 24164649 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
AGAMOUS subfamily proteins are encoded by MADS-box family genes. They have been shown to play key roles in the determination of reproductive floral organs such as stamens, carpels and ovules. However, they also play key roles in ensuring a fixed number of floral organs by controlling floral meristem determinacy. Recently, an enormous amount of sequence data for nonmodel species have become available together with functional data on AGAMOUS subfamily members in many species. Here, we give a detailed overview of the most important information about this interesting gene subfamily and provide new insights into its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Dreni
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin M Kater
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
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32
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Abstract
Grasses bear unique flowers lacking obvious petals and sepals in special inflorescence units, the florets and the spikelet. Despite this, grass floral organs such as stamens and lodicules (petal homologs) are specified by ABC homeotic genes encoding MADS domain transcription factors, suggesting that the ABC model of eudicot flower development is largely applicable to grass flowers. However, some modifications need to be made for the model to fit grasses well: for example, a YABBY gene plays an important role in carpel specification. In addition, a number of genes are involved in the development of the lateral organs that constitute the spikelet. In this review, we discuss recent progress in elucidating the genes required for flower and spikelet development in grasses, together with those involved in fate determination of the spikelet and flower meristems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiro-Yuki Hirano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan,
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Hsieh MH, Pan ZJ, Lai PH, Lu HC, Yeh HH, Hsu CC, Wu WL, Chung MC, Wang SS, Chen WH, Chen HH. Virus-induced gene silencing unravels multiple transcription factors involved in floral growth and development in Phalaenopsis orchids. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:3869-84. [PMID: 23956416 PMCID: PMC3745740 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Orchidaceae, one of the largest angiosperm families, has significant commercial value. Isolation of genes involved in orchid floral development and morphogenesis, scent production, and colouration will advance knowledge of orchid flower formation and facilitate breeding new varieties to increase the commercial value. With high-throughput virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), this study identified five transcription factors involved in various aspects of flower morphogenesis in the orchid Phalaenopsis equestris. These genes are PeMADS1, PeMADS7, PeHB, PebHLH, and PeZIP. Silencing PeMADS1 and PebHLH resulted in reduced flower size together with a pelaloid column containing petal-like epidermal cells and alterations of epidermal cell arrangement in lip lateral lobes, respectively. Silencing PeMADS7, PeHB, and PeZIP alone resulted in abortion of the first three fully developed flower buds of an inflorescence, which indicates the roles of the genes in late flower development. Furthermore, double silencing PeMADS1 and PeMADS6, C- and B-class MADS-box genes, respectively, produced a combinatorial phenotype with two genes cloned in separate vectors. Both PeMADS1 and PeMADS6 are required to ensure the normal development of the lip and column as well as the cuticle formation on the floral epidermal cell surface. Thus, VIGS allows for unravelling the interaction between two classes of MADS transcription factors for dictating orchid floral morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Tainan 712Taiwan
| | - Zhao-Jun Pan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Han Lai
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chia Lu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Yeh
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Hsu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Lin Wu
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chu Chung
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyan Wang
- Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Tainan 712Taiwan
| | - Wen-Huei Chen
- Orchid Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Hwa Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Orchid Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Murai K. Homeotic Genes and the ABCDE Model for Floral Organ Formation in Wheat. PLANTS 2013; 2:379-95. [PMID: 27137382 PMCID: PMC4844379 DOI: 10.3390/plants2030379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Floral organ formation has been the subject of intensive study for over 20 years, particularly in the model dicot species Arabidopsis thaliana. These studies have led to the establishment of a general model for the development of floral organs in higher plants, the so-called ABCDE model, in which floral whorl-specific combinations of class A, B, C, D, or E genes specify floral organ identity. In Arabidopsis, class A, B, C, D, E genes encode MADS-box transcription factors except for the class A gene APETALA2. Mutation of these genes induces floral organ homeosis. In this review, I focus on the roles of these homeotic genes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), particularly with respect to the ABCDE model. Pistillody, the homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures, occurs in cytoplasmic substitution (alloplasmic) wheat lines that have the cytoplasm of the related wild species Aegilops crassa. This phenomenon is a valuable tool for analysis of the wheat ABCDE model. Using an alloplasmic line, the wheat ortholog of DROOPING LEAF (TaDL), a member of the YABBY gene family, has been shown to regulate pistil specification. Here, I describe the current understanding of the ABCDE model for floral organ formation in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Murai
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, 4-1-1 Matsuoka-kenjojima, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1195, Japan.
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