1
|
Izadi M, Sadri N, Abdi A, Serajian S, Jalalei D, Tahmasebi S. Epigenetic biomarkers in aging and longevity: Current and future application. Life Sci 2024; 351:122842. [PMID: 38879158 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The aging process has been one of the most necessary research fields in the current century, and knowing different theories of aging and the role of different genetic, epigenetic, molecular, and environmental modulating factors in increasing the knowledge of aging mechanisms and developing appropriate diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive ways would be helpful. One of the most conserved signs of aging is epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, noncoding RNAs, and extracellular RNAs. Numerous biological processes and hallmarks are vital in aging development, but epigenomic alterations are especially notable because of their importance in gene regulation and cellular identity. The mounting evidence points to a possible interaction between age-related epigenomic alterations and other aging hallmarks, like genome instability. To extend a healthy lifespan and possibly reverse some facets of aging and aging-related diseases, it will be crucial to comprehend global and locus-specific epigenomic modifications and recognize corresponding regulators of health and longevity. In the current study, we will aim to discuss the role of epigenomic mechanisms in aging and the most recent developments in epigenetic diagnostic biomarkers, which have the potential to focus efforts on reversing the destructive signs of aging and extending the lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Izadi
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Synapse Laboratory Diagnostic Technologies Accelerator, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research & Technology, Zeenome Longevity Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nariman Sadri
- Synapse Laboratory Diagnostic Technologies Accelerator, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research & Technology, Zeenome Longevity Research Institute, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Abdi
- Synapse Laboratory Diagnostic Technologies Accelerator, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research & Technology, Zeenome Longevity Research Institute, Tehran, Iran; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Serajian
- Synapse Laboratory Diagnostic Technologies Accelerator, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research & Technology, Zeenome Longevity Research Institute, Tehran, Iran; Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dorsa Jalalei
- Synapse Laboratory Diagnostic Technologies Accelerator, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research & Technology, Zeenome Longevity Research Institute, Tehran, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Safa Tahmasebi
- Synapse Laboratory Diagnostic Technologies Accelerator, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research & Technology, Zeenome Longevity Research Institute, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Divya KP, Kanwar N, Anuranjana PV, Kumar G, Beegum F, George KT, Kumar N, Nandakumar K, Kanwal A. SIRT6 in Regulation of Mitochondrial Damage and Associated Cardiac Dysfunctions: A Possible Therapeutic Target for CVDs. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:598-621. [PMID: 38689163 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be described as a global health emergency imploring possible prevention strategies. Although the pathogenesis of CVDs has been extensively studied, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in CVD development has yet to be investigated. Diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemic-reperfusion injury, and heart failure are some of the CVDs resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction Recent evidence from the research states that any dysfunction of mitochondria has an impact on metabolic alteration, eventually causes the death of a healthy cell and therefore, progressively directing to the predisposition of disease. Cardiovascular research investigating the targets that both protect and treat mitochondrial damage will help reduce the risk and increase the quality of life of patients suffering from various CVDs. One such target, i.e., nuclear sirtuin SIRT6 is strongly associated with cardiac function. However, the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and SIRT6 concerning cardiovascular pathologies remains poorly understood. Although the Role of SIRT6 in skeletal muscles and cardiomyocytes through mitochondrial regulation has been well understood, its specific role in mitochondrial maintenance in cardiomyocytes is poorly determined. The review aims to explore the domain-specific function of SIRT6 in cardiomyocytes and is an effort to know how SIRT6, mitochondria, and CVDs are related.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K P Divya
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Navjot Kanwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab, Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, 151005, India
| | - P V Anuranjana
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Fathima Beegum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krupa Thankam George
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Educations and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - K Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
| | - Abhinav Kanwal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, 151005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Z, Ajit K, Wu Y, Zhu WG, Gullerova M. The GATAD2B-NuRD complex drives DNA:RNA hybrid-dependent chromatin boundary formation upon DNA damage. EMBO J 2024; 43:2453-2485. [PMID: 38719994 PMCID: PMC11183058 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most lethal form of DNA damage. Transcriptional activity at DSBs, as well as transcriptional repression around DSBs, are both required for efficient DNA repair. The chromatin landscape defines and coordinates these two opposing events. However, how the open and condensed chromatin architecture is regulated remains unclear. Here, we show that the GATAD2B-NuRD complex associates with DSBs in a transcription- and DNA:RNA hybrid-dependent manner, to promote histone deacetylation and chromatin condensation. This activity establishes a spatio-temporal boundary between open and closed chromatin, which is necessary for the correct termination of DNA end resection. The lack of the GATAD2B-NuRD complex leads to chromatin hyperrelaxation and extended DNA end resection, resulting in homologous recombination (HR) repair failure. Our results suggest that the GATAD2B-NuRD complex is a key coordinator of the dynamic interplay between transcription and the chromatin landscape, underscoring its biological significance in the RNA-dependent DNA damage response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Liu
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Kamal Ajit
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Yupei Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Monika Gullerova
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang J, Chen F, Tang M, Xu W, Tian Y, Liu Z, Shu Y, Yang H, Zhu Q, Lu X, Peng B, Liu X, Xu X, Gullerova M, Zhu WG. The ARID1A-METTL3-m6A axis ensures effective RNase H1-mediated resolution of R-loops and genome stability. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113779. [PMID: 38358891 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
R-loops are three-stranded structures that can pose threats to genome stability. RNase H1 precisely recognizes R-loops to drive their resolution within the genome, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we report that ARID1A recognizes R-loops with high affinity in an ATM-dependent manner. ARID1A recruits METTL3 and METTL14 to the R-loop, leading to the m6A methylation of R-loop RNA. This m6A modification facilitates the recruitment of RNase H1 to the R-loop, driving its resolution and promoting DNA end resection at DSBs, thereby ensuring genome stability. Depletion of ARID1A, METTL3, or METTL14 leads to R-loop accumulation and reduced cell survival upon exposure to cytotoxic agents. Therefore, ARID1A, METTL3, and METTL14 function in a coordinated, temporal order at DSB sites to recruit RNase H1 and to ensure efficient R-loop resolution. Given the association of high ARID1A levels with resistance to genotoxic therapies in patients, these findings open avenues for exploring potential therapeutic strategies for cancers with ARID1A abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng Chen
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Yuxin Shu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Yang
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bin Peng
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Monika Gullerova
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China; Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jin Q, Ma F, Liu T, Yang L, Mao H, Wang Y, Peng L, Li P, Zhan Y. Sirtuins in kidney diseases: potential mechanism and therapeutic targets. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:114. [PMID: 38347622 PMCID: PMC10860260 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, which are NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases, are involved in various biological processes, including DNA damage repair, immune inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial homeostasis, autophagy, and apoptosis. Sirtuins are essential regulators of cellular function and organismal health. Increasing evidence suggests that the development of age-related diseases, including kidney diseases, is associated with aberrant expression of sirtuins, and that regulation of sirtuins expression and activity can effectively improve kidney function and delay the progression of kidney disease. In this review, we summarise current studies highlighting the role of sirtuins in renal diseases. First, we discuss sirtuin family members and their main mechanisms of action. We then outline the possible roles of sirtuins in various cell types in kidney diseases. Finally, we summarise the compounds that activate or inhibit sirtuin activity and that consequently ameliorate renal diseases. In conclusion, targeted modulation of sirtuins is a potential therapeutic strategy for kidney diseases. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Graca Marques J, Pavlovic B, Ngo QA, Pedot G, Roemmele M, Volken L, Kisele S, Perbet R, Wachtel M, Schäfer BW. The Chromatin Remodeler CHD4 Sustains Ewing Sarcoma Cell Survival by Controlling Global Chromatin Architecture. Cancer Res 2024; 84:241-257. [PMID: 37963210 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive cancer with a defective response to DNA damage leading to an enhanced sensitivity to genotoxic agents. Mechanistically, Ewing sarcoma is driven by the fusion transcription factor EWS-FLI1, which reprograms the tumor cell epigenome. The nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex is an important regulator of chromatin function, controlling both gene expression and DNA damage repair, and has been associated with EWS-FLI1 activity. Here, a NuRD-focused CRISPR/Cas9 inactivation screen identified the helicase CHD4 as essential for Ewing sarcoma cell proliferation. CHD4 silencing induced tumor cell death by apoptosis and abolished colony formation. Although CHD4 and NuRD colocalized with EWS-FLI1 at enhancers and super-enhancers, CHD4 promoted Ewing sarcoma cell survival not by modulating EWS-FLI1 activity and its oncogenic gene expression program but by regulating chromatin structure. CHD4 depletion led to a global increase in DNA accessibility and induction of spontaneous DNA damage, resulting in an increased susceptibility to DNA-damaging agents. CHD4 loss delayed tumor growth in vivo, increased overall survival, and combination with PARP inhibition by olaparib treatment further suppressed tumor growth. Collectively, these findings highlight the NuRD subunit CHD4 as a therapeutic target in Ewing sarcoma that can potentiate the antitumor activity of genotoxic agents. SIGNIFICANCE CRISPR/Cas9 screening in Ewing sarcoma identifies a dependency on CHD4, which is crucial for the maintenance of chromatin architecture to suppress DNA damage and a promising therapeutic target for DNA damage repair-deficient malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Graca Marques
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Blaz Pavlovic
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Quy A Ngo
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gloria Pedot
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Roemmele
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Larissa Volken
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samanta Kisele
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Romain Perbet
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marco Wachtel
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat W Schäfer
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Copp ME, Shine J, Brown HL, Nimmala KR, Hansen OB, Chubinskaya S, Collins JA, Loeser RF, Diekman BO. Sirtuin 6 activation rescues the age-related decline in DNA damage repair in primary human chondrocytes. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13628-13645. [PMID: 38078876 PMCID: PMC10756124 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
While advanced age is widely recognized as the greatest risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), the biological mechanisms behind this connection remain unclear. Previous work has demonstrated that chondrocytes from older cadaveric donors have elevated levels of DNA damage as compared to chondrocytes from younger donors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a decline in DNA repair efficiency is one explanation for the accumulation of DNA damage with age, and to quantify the improvement in repair with activation of Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). After acute damage with irradiation, DNA repair was shown to be more efficient in chondrocytes from young (≤45 years old) as compared to middle-aged (50-65 years old) or older (>70 years old) cadaveric donors. Activation of SIRT6 with MDL-800 improved the repair efficiency, while inhibition with EX-527 reduced the rate of repair and increased the percentage of cells that retain high levels of damage. In addition to affecting repair after acute damage, treating chondrocytes from older donors with MDL-800 for 48 hours significantly reduced the amount of baseline DNA damage. Chondrocytes isolated from the knees of mice between 4 months and 22 months of age revealed both an increase in DNA damage with aging, and a decrease in DNA damage following MDL-800 treatment. Lastly, treating murine cartilage explants with MDL-800 lowered the percentage of chondrocytes with high p16 promoter activity, which supports the concept that using SIRT6 activation to maintain low levels of DNA damage may prevent the initiation of senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E. Copp
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Jacqueline Shine
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hannon L. Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Kirti R. Nimmala
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Oliver B. Hansen
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susan Chubinskaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - John A. Collins
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19144, USA
| | - Richard F. Loeser
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian O. Diekman
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cheng J, Keuthan CJ, Esumi N. The many faces of SIRT6 in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1244765. [PMID: 38016059 PMCID: PMC10646311 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1244765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the mammalian sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent protein deacylases, homologues of the yeast silent information regulator 2 (Sir2). SIRT6 has remarkably diverse functions and plays a key role in a variety of biological processes for maintaining cellular and organismal homeostasis. In this review, our primary aim is to summarize recent progress in understanding SIRT6's functions in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), with the hope of further drawing interests in SIRT6 to increase efforts in exploring the therapeutic potential of this unique protein in the vision field. Before describing SIRT6's role in the eye, we first discuss SIRT6's general functions in a wide range of biological contexts. SIRT6 plays an important role in gene silencing, metabolism, DNA repair, antioxidant defense, inflammation, aging and longevity, early development, and stress response. In addition, recent studies have revealed SIRT6's role in macrophage polarization and mitochondrial homeostasis. Despite being initially understudied in the context of the eye, recent efforts have begun to elucidate the critical functions of SIRT6 in the retina and RPE. In the retina, SIRT6 is essential for adult retinal function, regulates energy metabolism by suppressing glycolysis that affects photoreceptor cell survival, protects retinal ganglion cells from oxidative stress, and plays a role in Müller cells during early neurodegenerative events in diabetic retinopathy. In the RPE, SIRT6 activates autophagy in culture and protects against oxidative stress in mice. Taken together, this review demonstrates that better understanding of SIRT6's functions and their mechanisms, both in and out of the context of the eye, holds great promise for the development of SIRT6-targeted strategies for prevention and treatment of blinding eye diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Noriko Esumi
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qian J, Zhou X, Tanaka K, Takahashi A. Alteration in the chromatin landscape during the DNA damage response: Continuous rotation of the gear driving cellular senescence and aging. DNA Repair (Amst) 2023; 131:103572. [PMID: 37742405 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2023.103572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a crucial biological mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis in living organisms. This complex process involves a cascade of signaling pathways that orchestrate the sensing and processing of DNA lesions. Perturbations in this process may cause DNA repair failure, genomic instability, and irreversible cell cycle arrest, known as cellular senescence, potentially culminating in tumorigenesis. Persistent DDR exerts continuous and cumulative pressure on global chromatin dynamics, resulting in altered chromatin structure and perturbed epigenetic regulations, which are highly associated with cellular senescence and aging. Sustained DDR activation and heterochromatin changes further promote senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which is responsible for aging-related diseases and cancer development. In this review, we discuss the diverse mechanisms by which DDR leads to cellular senescence and triggers SASP, together with the evidence for DDR-induced chromatin remodeling and epigenetic regulation in relation to aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghao Qian
- Division of Cellular Senescence, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan; Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Division of Cellular Senescence, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Akiko Takahashi
- Division of Cellular Senescence, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan; Cancer Cell Communication Project, NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang J, Chen F, Tian Y, Xu W, Zhu Q, Li Z, Qiu L, Lu X, Peng B, Liu X, Gan H, Liu B, Xu X, Zhu WG. PARylated PDHE1α generates acetyl-CoA for local chromatin acetylation and DNA damage repair. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:1719-1734. [PMID: 37735618 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin relaxation is a prerequisite for the DNA repair machinery to access double-strand breaks (DSBs). Local histones around the DSBs then undergo prompt changes in acetylation status, but how the large demands of acetyl-CoA are met is unclear. Here, we report that pyruvate dehydrogenase 1α (PDHE1α) catalyzes pyruvate metabolism to rapidly provide acetyl-CoA in response to DNA damage. We show that PDHE1α is quickly recruited to chromatin in a polyADP-ribosylation-dependent manner, which drives acetyl-CoA generation to support local chromatin acetylation around DSBs. This process increases the formation of relaxed chromatin to facilitate repair-factor loading, genome stability and cancer cell resistance to DNA-damaging treatments in vitro and in vivo. Indeed, we demonstrate that blocking polyADP-ribosylation-based PDHE1α chromatin recruitment attenuates chromatin relaxation and DSB repair efficiency, resulting in genome instability and restored radiosensitivity. These findings support a mechanism in which chromatin-associated PDHE1α locally generates acetyl-CoA to remodel the chromatin environment adjacent to DSBs and promote their repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Chen
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenhai Li
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingyu Qiu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyun Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and Intervention, National Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qiu L, Xu W, Lu X, Chen F, Chen Y, Tian Y, Zhu Q, Liu X, Wang Y, Pei XH, Xu X, Zhang J, Zhu WG. The HDAC6-RNF168 axis regulates H2A/H2A.X ubiquitination to enable double-strand break repair. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:9166-9182. [PMID: 37503842 PMCID: PMC10516627 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) mediates DNA damage signaling by regulating the mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair pathways. Whether HDAC6 also mediates DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is unclear. Here, we report that HDAC6 negatively regulates DSB repair in an enzyme activity-independent manner. In unstressed cells, HDAC6 interacts with H2A/H2A.X to prevent its interaction with the E3 ligase RNF168. Upon sensing DSBs, RNF168 rapidly ubiquitinates HDAC6 at lysine 116, leading to HDAC6 proteasomal degradation and a restored interaction between RNF168 and H2A/H2A.X. H2A/H2A.X is ubiquitinated by RNF168, precipitating the recruitment of DSB repair factors (including 53BP1 and BRCA1) to chromatin and subsequent DNA repair. These findings reveal novel regulatory machinery based on an HDAC6-RNF168 axis that regulates the H2A/H2A.X ubiquitination status. Interfering with this axis might be leveraged to disrupt a key mechanism of cancer cell resistance to genotoxic damage and form a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Qiu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenchao Xu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng Chen
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yongcan Chen
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yongqing Wang
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Toledo Medical Center, 3120 Glendale Avenue, Toledo 43614, OH, USA
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- International Cancer Center, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu K, Wang Y, Liu R, Wang H, Rui T. The role of mammalian Sirtuin 6 in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1207133. [PMID: 37497437 PMCID: PMC10366693 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are severe diseases posing threat to human health because of their high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is also increasing rapidly. Various signaling molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), which is a class III histone deacetylase, has attracted numerous attentions since its discovery. Sirt6 enjoys a unique structure, important biological functions, and is involved in multiple cellular processes such as stress response, mitochondrial biogenesis, transcription, insulin resistance, inflammatory response, chromatin silencing, and apoptosis. Sirt6 also plays significant roles in regulating several cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, as well as cardiac remodeling, bringing Sirt6 into the focus of clinical interests. In this review, we examine the recent advances in understanding the mechanistic working through which Sirt6 alters the course of lethal cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
|
13
|
Tian Y, Feng T, Hou T, Zhu WG. Protocol to purify the histone deacetylase SIRT6 and assess its activity in vitro. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102206. [PMID: 36995934 PMCID: PMC10090442 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The histone deacetylase known as sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) deacetylates both histone and non-histone proteins but has low deacetylase activity in vitro. Here, we present a protocol to monitor SIRT6-mediated deacetylation of long-chain acyl-CoA synthase 5 in the presence of palmitic acid. We describe the purification of His-SIRT6 and a Flag-tagged substrate. We then detail a deacetylation assay protocol that can be widely applied to study other SIRT6-mediated deacetylation events and the effect of SIRT6 mutations on its activity. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Hou et al. (2022).1.
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang J, Xu P, Chen Z, Zhang X, Xia Y, Fang L, Xie L, Li B, Xu Z. N6-methyadenosine modified SUV39H2 regulates homologous recombination through epigenetic repression of DUSP6 in gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 558:216092. [PMID: 36806557 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite many advances in treatment over the past few years, the poor 5-year survival rate and high recurrence rate of gastric cancer (GC) remain unsatisfactory. As the most abundant epigenetic modification in the eukaryotic mRNA, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation participates in tumor progression and tissue development. During tumor progression, DNA damage repair mechanisms can be reprogrammed to give new growth advantages on tumor clones whose genomic integrity is disturbed. Here we detected the elevated SUV39H2 expression in GC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, SUV39H2 promoted GC proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, METTL3-mediated m6A modification promotes mRNA stability of SUV39H2 in an IGF2BP2 dependent manner, resulting in upregulated mRNA expression of SUV39H2. As a histone methyltransferase, SUV39H2 was verified to increase the phosphorylation level of ATM through transcriptional repression of DUSP6, thereby promoting HRR and ultimately inhibiting GC chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Collectively, these results indicate the specific mechanism of m6A-modified SUV39H2 as a histone methyltransferase promoting HRR to inhibit the chemosensitivity of GC. SUV39H2 is expected to become a key target in the precision targeted therapy of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Penghui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zetian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lang Fang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Du G, Yang R, Qiu J, Xia J. Multifaceted Influence of Histone Deacetylases on DNA Damage Repair: Implications for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:231-243. [PMID: 36406320 PMCID: PMC9647118 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, but its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Nevertheless, genomic instability has been recognized as one of the facilitating characteristics of cancer hallmarks that expedites the acquisition of genetic diversity. Genomic instability is associated with a greater tendency to accumulate DNA damage and tumor-specific DNA repair defects, which gives rise to gene mutations and chromosomal damage and causes oncogenic transformation and tumor progression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been shown to impair a variety of cellular processes of genome stability, including the regulation of DNA damage and repair, reactive oxygen species generation and elimination, and progression to mitosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of HDAC in the different aspects of DNA repair and genome instability in HCC as well as the current progress on the development of HDAC-specific inhibitors as new cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gan Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruizhe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianguo Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence to: Jie Xia, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, No. 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel/Fax: +86-23-68486780, E-mail: ; Jianguo Qiu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 You Yi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel: +86-23-68486780, Fax: +86-23-89011016, E-mail:
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Correspondence to: Jie Xia, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, No. 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel/Fax: +86-23-68486780, E-mail: ; Jianguo Qiu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.1 You Yi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4574-9376. Tel: +86-23-68486780, Fax: +86-23-89011016, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Copp ME, Shine J, Brown HL, Nimmala KR, Chubinskaya S, Collins JA, Loeser RF, Diekman BO. SIRT6 activation rescues the age-related decline in DNA damage repair in primary human chondrocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.27.530205. [PMID: 36909504 PMCID: PMC10002640 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.27.530205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
While advanced age has long been recognized as the greatest risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), the biological mechanisms behind this connection remain unclear. Previous work has demonstrated that chondrocytes from older cadaveric donors have elevated levels of DNA damage as compared to chondrocytes from younger donors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a decline in DNA repair efficiency is one explanation for the accumulation of DNA damage with age, and to quantify the improvement in repair with activation of Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). Using an acute irradiation model to bring the baseline level of all donors to the same starting point, this study demonstrates a decline in repair efficiency during aging when comparing chondrocytes from young (≤45 years old), middle-aged (50-65 years old), or older (>70 years old) cadaveric donors with no known history of OA or macroscopic cartilage degradation at isolation. Activation of SIRT6 in middle-aged chondrocytes with MDL-800 (20 μM) improved the repair efficiency, while inhibition with EX-527 (10 μM) inhibited the rate of repair and the increased the percentage of cells that retained high levels of damage. Treating chondrocytes from older donors with MDL-800 for 48 hours significantly reduced the amount of DNA damage, despite this damage having accumulated over decades. Lastly, chondrocytes isolated from the proximal femurs of mice between 4 months and 22 months of age revealed both an increase in DNA damage with aging, and a decrease in DNA damage following MDL-800 treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela E Copp
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Jacqueline Shine
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Hannon L Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Kirti R Nimmala
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Susan Chubinskaya
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - John A Collins
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University
| | - Richard F Loeser
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of North Carolina
| | - Brian O Diekman
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang J, Zhong F, Li J, Yue H, Li W, Lu X. The epigenetic factor CHD4 contributes to metastasis by regulating the EZH2/β-catenin axis and acts as a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:38. [PMID: 36681835 PMCID: PMC9862813 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overall survival rate of patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) has remained static for several decades. Advanced ovarian cancer is known for its poor prognosis due to extensive metastasis. Epigenetic alterations contribute to tumour progression and therefore are of interest for potential therapeutic strategies. METHODS Following our previous study, we identified that CHD4, a chromatin remodelling factor, plays a strong role in ovarian cancer cell metastasis. We investigated the clinical significance of CHD4 through TCGA and GEO database analyses and explored the effect of CHD4 expression modulation and romidepsin treatment on the biological behaviour of ovarian cancer through CCK-8 and transwell assays. Bioluminescence imaging of tumours in xenografted mice was applied to determine the therapeutic effect of romidepsin. GSEA and western blotting were used to screen the regulatory mechanism of CHD4. RESULTS In ovarian cancer patient specimens, high CHD4 expression was associated with a poor prognosis. Loss of function of CHD4 in ovarian cancer cells induced suppression of migration and invasion. Mechanistically, CHD4 knockdown suppressed the expression of EZH2 and the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin. CHD4 also suppressed the metastasis of ovarian cancer cells and prevented disease progression in a mouse model. To inhibit the functions of CHD4 that are mediated by histone deacetylase, we evaluated the effect of the HDAC1/2 selective inhibitor romidepsin. Our findings indicated that treatment with romidepsin suppressed the progression of metastases in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results uncovered an oncogenic function of CHD4 in ovarian cancer and provide a rationale for clinical trials of romidepsin in ovarian cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Huiran Yue
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200090, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu QJ, Zhang TN, Chen HH, Yu XF, Lv JL, Liu YY, Liu YS, Zheng G, Zhao JQ, Wei YF, Guo JY, Liu FH, Chang Q, Zhang YX, Liu CG, Zhao YH. The sirtuin family in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:402. [PMID: 36581622 PMCID: PMC9797940 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a potential therapeutic target for different kinds of pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and other conditions. Moreover, identification of SIRT modulators and exploring the functions of these different modulators have prompted increased efforts to discover new small molecules, which can modify SIRT activity. Furthermore, several randomized controlled trials have indicated that different interventions might affect the expression of SIRT protein in human samples, and supplementation of SIRT modulators might have diverse impact on physiological function in different participants. In this review, we introduce the history and structure of the SIRT protein family, discuss the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of seven members of the SIRT protein family, elaborate on the regulatory roles of SIRTs in human disease, summarize SIRT inhibitors and activators, and review related clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Wu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Fei Yu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Le Lv
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Shu Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Yi Guo
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai-Gang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guo Z, Li P, Ge J, Li H. SIRT6 in Aging, Metabolism, Inflammation and Cardiovascular Diseases. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1787-1822. [PMID: 36465178 PMCID: PMC9662279 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important NAD+-dependent enzyme, SIRT6 has received significant attention since its discovery. In view of observations that SIRT6-deficient animals exhibit genomic instability and metabolic disorders and undergo early death, SIRT6 has long been considered a protein of longevity. Recently, growing evidence has demonstrated that SIRT6 functions as a deacetylase, mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase and long fatty deacylase and participates in a variety of cellular signaling pathways from DNA damage repair in the early stage to disease progression. In this review, we elaborate on the specific substrates and molecular mechanisms of SIRT6 in various physiological and pathological processes in detail, emphasizing its links to aging (genomic damage, telomere integrity, DNA repair), metabolism (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, insulin secretion and lipid synthesis, lipolysis, thermogenesis), inflammation and cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury). In addition, the most recent advances regarding SIRT6 modulators (agonists and inhibitors) as potential therapeutic agents for SIRT6-mediated diseases are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang S, Li L, Liang Q, Ye Y, Lan Z, Dong Q, Chen A, Fu M, Li Y, Liu X, Ou JS, Lu L, Yan J. Deletion of SIRT6 in vascular smooth muscle cells facilitates vascular calcification via suppression of DNA damage repair. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 173:154-168. [PMID: 36367517 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an important risk factor for cardiovascular events, accompanied by DNA damage during the process. The sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) has been reported to alleviate atherosclerosis, which is related to the reduction of DNA damage. However, whether smooth muscle cell SIRT6 mediates vascular calcification involving DNA damage remains unclear. Western blot and immunofluorescence revealed that SIRT6 expression was decreased in human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs), human and mouse arteries during vascular calcification. Alizarin red staining and calcium content assay showed that knockdown or deletion of SIRT6 significantly promoted HVSMC calcification induced by high phosphorus and calcium, accompanied by upregulation of osteogenic differentiation markers including Runx2 and BMP2. By contrast, adenovirus-mediated SIRT6 overexpression attenuated osteogenic differentiation and calcification of HVSMCs. Moreover, ex vivo study revealed that SIRT6 overexpression inhibited calcification of mouse and human arterial rings. Of note, smooth muscle cell-specific knockout of SIRT6 markedly aggravated Vitamin D3-induced aortic calcification in mice. Mechanistically, overexpression of SIRT6 reduced DNA damage and upregulated p-ATM during HVSMCs calcification, whereas knockdown of SIRT6 showed the opposite effects. Knockdown of ATM in HVSMCs abrogated the inhibitory effect of SIRT6 overexpression on calcification and DNA damage. This study for the first time demonstrates that vascular smooth muscle cell-specific deletion of SIRT6 facilitates vascular calcification via suppression of DNA damage repair. Therefore, modulation of SIRT6 and DNA damage repair may represent a therapeutic strategy for vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510665, China
| | - Yuanzhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Zirong Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - An Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Mingwei Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jing-Song Ou
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lihe Lu
- Department of Pathophysiolgy, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jianyun Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation; Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510280, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hou T, Tian Y, Cao Z, Zhang J, Feng T, Tao W, Sun H, Wen H, Lu X, Zhu Q, Li M, Lu X, Liu B, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Zhu WG. Cytoplasmic SIRT6-mediated ACSL5 deacetylation impedes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by facilitating hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Mol Cell 2022; 82:4099-4115.e9. [PMID: 36208627 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
22
|
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent deacetylase and deacylase enzymes that control important cellular processes, including DNA damage repair, cellular metabolism, mitochondrial function and inflammation. Consequently, mammalian sirtuins are regarded as crucial regulators of cellular function and organism healthspan. Sirtuin activity and NAD+ levels decrease with age in many tissues, and reduced sirtuin expression is associated with several cardiovascular diseases. By contrast, increased sirtuin expression and activity slows disease progression and improves cardiovascular function in preclinical models and delays various features of cellular ageing. The potential cardiometabolic benefits of sirtuins have resulted in clinical trials with sirtuin-modulating agents; although expectations are high, these drugs have not yet been proven to improve healthspan. In this Review, we examine the role of sirtuins in atherosclerosis, summarize advances in the development of compounds that activate or inhibit sirtuin activity and critically evaluate the therapeutic potential of these agents.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gu Y, Zheng Q, Fan G, Liu R. Advances in Anti-Cancer Activities of Flavonoids in Scutellariae radix: Perspectives on Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911042. [PMID: 36232344 PMCID: PMC9570317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite encouraging progresses in the development of novel therapies, cancer remains the dominant cause of disease-related mortality and has become a leading economic and healthcare burden worldwide. Scutellariae radix (SR, Huangqin in Chinese) is a common herb used in traditional Chinese medicine, with a long history in treating a series of symptoms resulting from cancer, like dysregulated immune response and metabolic abnormalities. As major bioactive ingredients extracted from SR, flavonoids, including baicalein, wogonin, along with their glycosides (baicalin and wogonoside), represent promising pharmacological and anti-tumor activities and deserve extensive research attention. Emerging evidence has made great strides in elucidating the multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms and key signaling pathways underlying the efficacious potential of flavonoids derived from SR in the field of cancer treatment. In this current review, we aim to summarize the pharmacological actions of flavonoids against various cancers in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, we also make a brief summarization of the endeavor in developing a drug delivery system or structural modification to enhance the bioavailability and biological activities of flavonoid monomers. Taken together, flavonoid components in SR have great potential to be developed as adjuvant or even primary therapies for the clinical management of cancers and have a promising prospect.
Collapse
|
24
|
Aricthota S, Rana PP, Haldar D. Histone acetylation dynamics in repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Front Genet 2022; 13:926577. [PMID: 36159966 PMCID: PMC9503837 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.926577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Packaging of eukaryotic genome into chromatin is a major obstacle to cells encountering DNA damage caused by external or internal agents. For maintaining genomic integrity, the double-strand breaks (DSB) must be efficiently repaired, as these are the most deleterious type of DNA damage. The DNA breaks have to be detected in chromatin context, the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have to be activated to repair breaks either by non‐ homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair. It is becoming clearer now that chromatin is not a mere hindrance to DDR, it plays active role in sensing, detection and repair of DNA damage. The repair of DSB is governed by the reorganization of the pre-existing chromatin, leading to recruitment of specific machineries, chromatin remodelling complexes, histone modifiers to bring about dynamic alterations in histone composition, nucleosome positioning, histone modifications. In response to DNA break, modulation of chromatin occurs via various mechanisms including post-translational modification of histones. DNA breaks induce many types of histone modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation and ubiquitylation on specific histone residues which are signal and context dependent. DNA break induced histone modifications have been reported to function in sensing the breaks, activating processing of breaks by specific pathways, and repairing damaged DNA to ensure integrity of the genome. Favourable environment for DSB repair is created by generating open and relaxed chromatin structure. Histone acetylation mediate de-condensation of chromatin and recruitment of DSB repair proteins to their site of action at the DSB to facilitate repair. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding on the critical role of histone acetylation in inducing changes both in chromatin organization and promoting recruitment of DSB repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. It consists of an overview of function and regulation of the deacetylase enzymes which remove these marks and the function of histone acetylation and regulators of acetylation in genome surveillance.
Collapse
|
25
|
Yuan S, Huang T, Bao Z, Wang S, Wu X, Liu J, Liu H, Chen ZJ. The histone modification reader ZCWPW1 promotes double-strand break repair by regulating cross-talk of histone modifications and chromatin accessibility at meiotic hotspots. Genome Biol 2022; 23:187. [PMID: 36068616 PMCID: PMC9446545 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The PRDM9-dependent histone methylation H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 function in assuring accurate homologous recombination at recombination hotspots in mammals. Beyond histone methylation, H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) is also greatly enriched at recombination hotspots. Previous work has indicated the potential cross-talk between H3K4me3 and H3K9ac at recombination hotspots, but it is still unknown what molecular mechanisms mediate the cross-talk between the two histone modifications at hotspots or how the cross-talk regulates homologous recombination in meiosis. RESULTS Here, we find that the histone methylation reader ZCWPW1 is essential for maintaining H3K9ac by antagonizing HDAC proteins' deacetylation activity and further promotes chromatin openness at recombination hotspots thus preparing the way for homologous recombination during meiotic double-strand break repair. Interestingly, ectopic expression of the germ-cell-specific protein ZCWPW1 in human somatic cells enhances double-strand break repair via homologous recombination. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our findings provide new insights into how histone modifications and their associated regulatory proteins collectively regulate meiotic homologous recombination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenli Yuan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, China National Center for Bioinformation, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Ziyou Bao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Beijing Institute of Genomics, China National Center for Bioinformation, and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China. .,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200135, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Firnau MB, Brieger A. CK2 and the Hallmarks of Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081987. [PMID: 36009534 PMCID: PMC9405757 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is commonly dysregulated in cancer, impacting diverse molecular pathways. CK2 is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase, constitutively active and ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes. With over 500 known substrates and being estimated to be responsible for up to 10% of the human phosphoproteome, it is of significant importance. A broad spectrum of diverse types of cancer cells has been already shown to rely on disturbed CK2 levels for their survival. The hallmarks of cancer provide a rationale for understanding cancer’s common traits. They constitute the maintenance of proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling of replicative immortality, induction of angiogenesis, the activation of invasion and metastasis, as well as avoidance of immune destruction and dysregulation of cellular energetics. In this work, we have compiled evidence from the literature suggesting that CK2 modulates all hallmarks of cancer, thereby promoting oncogenesis and operating as a cancer driver by creating a cellular environment favorable to neoplasia.
Collapse
|
27
|
Liao M, Chu W, Sun X, Zheng W, Gao S, Li D, Pei D. Reduction of H3K27cr Modification During DNA Damage in Colon Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:924061. [PMID: 35936700 PMCID: PMC9353715 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.924061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage plays an essential role in the initiation and development of colon cancer. Histone crotonylation is a newly discovered post-translational modification that is thought to promote gene expression. Whether histone crotonylation plays a role in DNA damage of cancer remains unknown, as does the putative underlying molecular mechanism. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between histone crotonylation and DNA damage of colon cancer using multiple bioinformatics analysis and western blotting. We discovered that genes with promoter occupied by histone crotonylation were associated with the activity of DNA damage in colon cancer patients. Additionally, we uncovered that the level of crotonylation on Lys27 of histone H3 (H3K27cr) decreased during camptothecin and etoposide treatment. Interestingly, sirtuin 6 was found to regulate the cellular level of H3K27cr. Taking these data together, our study provided a new perspective about histone crotonylation and DNA damage in colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meijian Liao
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meijian Liao, ; Dongsheng Pei,
| | - Weiwei Chu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wendan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shoucui Gao
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Danhua Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Meijian Liao, ; Dongsheng Pei,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jia M, Zou X, Yin S, Tian W, Zhao Y, Wang H, Xu G, Cai W, Shao Q. CHD4 orchestrates the symphony of T and B lymphocytes development and a good mediator in preventing from autoimmune disease. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e644. [PMID: 35759243 PMCID: PMC9168550 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 4 (CHD4) is an ATPase subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation complex. It has been implicated in gene transcription, DNA damage repair, maintenance of genome stability, and chromatin assembly. Meanwhile, it is highly related to cell cycle progression and the proceeding of malignancy. Most of the previous studies were focused on the function of CHD4 with tumor cells, cancer stem cells, and cancer cells multidrug resistance. Recently, some researchers have explored the CHD4 functions on the development and differentiation of adaptive immune cells, such as T and B lymphocytes. In this review, we will discuss details of CHD4 in lymphocyte differentiation and development, as well as the critical role of CHD4 in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jia
- Reproductive Sciences Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Zou
- Reproductive Sciences Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Shuying Yin
- Reproductive Sciences Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Weihong Tian
- Reproductive Sciences Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Yangjing Zhao
- Reproductive Sciences Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Reproductive Sciences Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Guoying Xu
- School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical Genetics and Reproductive Immunity Jiangsu College of Nursing Huai'an Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Weili Cai
- School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical Genetics and Reproductive Immunity Jiangsu College of Nursing Huai'an Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Qixiang Shao
- Reproductive Sciences Institute Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu P.R. China
- School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical Genetics and Reproductive Immunity Jiangsu College of Nursing Huai'an Jiangsu P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhang Q, Zhang J, Lei T, Liang Z, Dong X, Sun L, Zhao Y. Sirt6-mediated epigenetic modification of DNA accessibility is essential for Pou2f3-induced thymic tuft cell development. Commun Biol 2022; 5:544. [PMID: 35668088 PMCID: PMC9170729 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThymic epithelial cells (TECs) are essential for the production of self-tolerant T cells. The newly identified thymic tuft cells are regulated by Pou2f3 and represent important elements for host type 2 immunity. However, epigenetic involvement in thymic tuft cell development remains unclear. We performed single-cell ATAC-seq of medullary TEC (mTEC) and established single-cell chromatin accessibility profiling of mTECs. The results showed that mTEC III cells can be further divided into three groups (Late Aire 1, 2, and 3) and that thymic tuft cells may be derived from Late Aire 2 cells. Pou2f3 is expressed in both Late Aire 2 cells and thymic tuft cells, while Pou2f3-regulated genes are specifically expressed in thymic tuft cells with simultaneous opening of chromatin accessibility, indicating the involvement of epigenetic modification in this process. Using the epigenetic regulator Sirt6-defect mouse model, we found that Sirt6 deletion increased Late Aire 2 cells and decreased thymic tuft cells and Late Aire 3 cells without affecting Pou2f3 expression. However, Sirt6 deletion reduced the chromatin accessibility of Pou2f3-regulated genes in thymic tuft cells, which may be caused by Sirt6–mediated regulation of Hdac9 expression. These data indicate that epigenetic regulation is indispensable for Pou2f3-mediated thymic tuft cell development.
Collapse
|
30
|
Fueling genome maintenance: On the versatile roles of NAD + in preserving DNA integrity. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102037. [PMID: 35595095 PMCID: PMC9194868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD+ is a versatile biomolecule acting as a master regulator and substrate in various cellular processes, including redox regulation, metabolism, and various signaling pathways. In this article, we concisely and critically review the role of NAD+ in mechanisms promoting genome maintenance. Numerous NAD+-dependent reactions are involved in the preservation of genome stability, the cellular DNA damage response, and other pathways regulating nucleic acid metabolism, such as gene expression and cell proliferation pathways. Of note, NAD+ serves as a substrate to ADP-ribosyltransferases, sirtuins, and potentially also eukaryotic DNA ligases, all of which regulate various aspects of DNA integrity, damage repair, and gene expression. Finally, we critically analyze recent developments in the field as well as discuss challenges associated with therapeutic actions intended to raise NAD+ levels.
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang Y, Zhu M, Liang J, Wang H, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. SIRT6 mediates multidimensional modulation to maintain organism homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3205-3221. [PMID: 35621134 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As a member of the silent information regulators (sirtuins) family, SIRT6 can regulate a variety of biological processes, including DNA repair, glucose and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and lifespan, and so forth. SIRT6 maintains organism homeostasis in a variety of phenotypes by mediating epigenetic regulation and posttranslational modification of functional proteins. In this review, we outline the structural basis of SIRT6 enzyme activity and its mechanism of maintaining organism homeostasis in a variety of phenotypes, with an emphasis on the upstream that regulates SIRT6 expression and the downstream substrates. And how SIRT6 achieves multidimensional coordination to maintain organism homeostasis and even extend lifespan. We try to understand the regulatory mechanism of SIRT6 in different phenotypes from the perspective of protein interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Man Zhu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Takeda Y, Chijimatsu R, Ofusa K, Kobayashi S, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Ishii H. Cancer metabolism challenges genomic instability and clonal evolution as therapeutic targets. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:1097-1104. [PMID: 35112433 PMCID: PMC8990295 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer precision medicine has improved diagnosis and therapy, refractory cancers such as pancreatic cancer remain to be challenging targets. Clinical sequencing has identified the significant alterations in driver genes and traced their clonal evolutions. Recent studies indicated that the tumor microenvironment elicits alterations in cancer metabolism, although its involvement in the cause and development of genomic alterations has not been established. Genomic abnormalities can contribute to the survival of selected subpopulations, recently recognized as clonal evolution, and dysfunction can lead to DNA mutations. Here, we present the most recent studies on the mechanisms of cancer metabolism involved in the maintenance of genomic stability to update current understanding of such processes. Sirtuins, which are NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases, appear to be involved in the control of genomic stability. Alterations of deleterious subpopulations would be exposed to selective pressure for cell survival. Recent studies indicated that a new type of cell death, ferroptosis, determines the survival of clones and exert cancer-restricting or -promoting effects to surrounding cells in the tumor microenvironment. Suppressing genomic instability and eliminating deleterious clones by cell death will contribute to the improvement of cancer medicine. Furthermore, the elucidation of the mechanisms involved is seen as a bridgehead to the pharmacologic suppression of such refractory cancers as pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Ryota Chijimatsu
- Department of Medical Data ScienceGraduate School of MedicineCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Ken Ofusa
- Department of Medical Data ScienceGraduate School of MedicineCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
- Prophoenix DivisionFood and Life‐Science LaboratoryIdea Consultants, IncOsaka‐cityJapan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Medical Data ScienceGraduate School of MedicineCenter of Medical Innovation and Translational ResearchOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Robbe ZL, Shi W, Wasson LK, Scialdone AP, Wilczewski CM, Sheng X, Hepperla AJ, Akerberg BN, Pu WT, Cristea IM, Davis IJ, Conlon FL. CHD4 is recruited by GATA4 and NKX2-5 to repress noncardiac gene programs in the developing heart. Genes Dev 2022; 36:468-482. [PMID: 35450884 PMCID: PMC9067406 DOI: 10.1101/gad.349154.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex is one of the central chromatin remodeling complexes that mediates gene repression. NuRD is essential for numerous developmental events, including heart development. Clinical and genetic studies have provided direct evidence for the role of chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 4 (CHD4), the catalytic component of NuRD, in congenital heart disease (CHD), including atrial and ventricular septal defects. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that CHD4 is essential for mammalian cardiomyocyte formation and function. A key unresolved question is how CHD4/NuRD is localized to specific cardiac target genes, as neither CHD4 nor NuRD can directly bind DNA. Here, we coupled a bioinformatics-based approach with mass spectrometry analyses to demonstrate that CHD4 interacts with the core cardiac transcription factors GATA4, NKX2-5, and TBX5 during embryonic heart development. Using transcriptomics and genome-wide occupancy data, we characterized the genomic landscape of GATA4, NKX2-5, and TBX5 repression and defined the direct cardiac gene targets of the GATA4-CHD4, NKX2-5-CHD4, and TBX5-CHD4 complexes. These data were used to identify putative cis-regulatory elements controlled by these complexes. We genetically interrogated two of these silencers in vivo: Acta1 and Myh11 We show that deletion of these silencers leads to inappropriate skeletal and smooth muscle gene misexpression, respectively, in the embryonic heart. These results delineate how CHD4/NuRD is localized to specific cardiac loci and explicates how mutations in the broadly expressed CHD4 protein lead to cardiac-specific disease states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary L Robbe
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Lauren K Wasson
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Angel P Scialdone
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Caralynn M Wilczewski
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Xinlei Sheng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Austin J Hepperla
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Brynn N Akerberg
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Ian J Davis
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Frank L Conlon
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
SIRT6 Promotes the Progression of Prostate Cancer via Regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2174758. [PMID: 35251169 PMCID: PMC8896961 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2174758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a DNA repair-related gene, has undergone an extremely thorough study for its involvement in the development of many different cancers. The objective of our study was to explore the function and mechanism of SIRT6-induced regulation of prostate cancer (PCa). RT-PCR was performed to validate the levels of SIRT6 in PCa cell lines. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells with SIRT6 knockdown were assessed using CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing assay, and transwell assay. Western blot was applied to assess the related proteins. We found that SIRT6 expression was distinctly upregulated in PCa specimens and cells. Loss-of-functional assays revealed that SIRT6 silence suppressed the proliferation and metastasis of PCa cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that SIRT6 silence inhibited Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and EMT progress. Overall, the study confirmed the upregulation of SIRT6 in patients with PCa and its association with the progression. SIRT6 promoted PCa progression by regulating Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, providing a promising biomarker and treatment approach for preventing PCa.
Collapse
|
35
|
Yang X, Feng J, Liang W, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Hu J, Yang D, Ding G. Roles of SIRT6 in kidney disease: a novel therapeutic target. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:53. [PMID: 34950960 PMCID: PMC11072764 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SIRT6 is an NAD+ dependent deacetylase that belongs to the mammalian sirtuin family. SIRT6 is mainly located in the nucleus and regulates chromatin remodeling, genome stability, and gene transcription. SIRT6 extensively participates in various physiological activities such as DNA repair, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. In recent years, the role of epigenetics such as acetylation modification in renal disease has gradually received widespread attention. SIRT6 reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis, which is of great importance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and delaying the chronic progression of kidney disease. Here, we review the structure and biological function of SIRT6 and summarize the regulatory mechanisms of SIRT6 in kidney disease. Moreover, the role of SIRT6 as a potential therapeutic target for the progression of kidney disease will be discussed. SIRT6 plays an important role in kidney disease. SIRT6 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis, induces G2/M cycle arrest, and plays an antioxidant role in nephrotoxicity, IR, obstructive nephropathy, and sepsis-induced AKI. SIRT6 prevents and delays progressive CKD induced by hyperglycemia, kidney senescence, hypertension, and lipid accumulation by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrosis effects. Additionally, hypoxia, inflammation, and fibrosis are the main mechanisms of the AKI-to-CKD transition. SIRT6 plays a critical role in the AKI-to-CKD transition and kidney repair through anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms. AKI Acute kidney injury, CKD Chronic kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dingping Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
- Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Korotkov A, Seluanov A, Gorbunova V. Sirtuin 6: linking longevity with genome and epigenome stability. Trends Cell Biol 2021; 31:994-1006. [PMID: 34281779 PMCID: PMC8903056 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) has been in the spotlight of aging research because progeroid phenotypes are associated with SIRT6 deficiency. SIRT6 has multiple molecular functions, including DNA repair and heterochromatin regulation, which position SIRT6 as a hub that regulates genome and epigenome stability. Genomic instability caused by persistent DNA damage and accumulating mutations, together with alterations in the epigenetic landscape and derepression of repetitive genetic elements, have emerged as mechanisms driving organismal aging. Enhanced levels of SIRT6 expression or activity provide avenues for rejuvenation strategies. This review focuses on the role of SIRT6 in the maintenance of genome and epigenome stability and its link to longevity. We propose a model where SIRT6 together with lamins control aging and rejuvenation by maintaining epigenetic silencing of repetitive elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Korotkov
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Andrei Seluanov
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA,Correspondence: or
| | - Vera Gorbunova
- Departments of Biology and Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA,Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li W, Feng W, Su X, Luo D, Li Z, Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Chen J, Liu B, Huang H. SIRT6 protects vascular smooth muscle cell from osteogenic transdifferentiation via Runx2 in chronic kidney disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 132:150051. [PMID: 34793336 PMCID: PMC8718147 DOI: 10.1172/jci150051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is regarded as an important pathological change lacking effective treatment and associated with high mortality. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the Sirtuin family, a class III histone deacetylase and a key epigenetic regulator. SIRT6 has a protective role in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the exact role and molecular mechanism of SIRT6 in VC in patients with CKD remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that SIRT6 was markedly downregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in the radial artery tissue of patients with CKD with VC. SIRT6-transgenic (SIRT6-Tg) mice showed alleviated VC, while vascular smooth muscle cell–specific (VSMC-specific) SIRT6 knocked-down mice showed severe VC in CKD. SIRT6 suppressed the osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs via regulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays confirmed that SIRT6 bound to Runx2. Moreover, Runx2 was deacetylated by SIRT6 and further promoted nuclear export via exportin 1 (XPO1), which in turn caused degradation of Runx2 through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. These results demonstrated that SIRT6 prevented VC by suppressing the osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs, and as such targeting SIRT6 may be an appealing therapeutic target for VC in CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weijing Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- Department of Nephropathy, Tungwah Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Dongling Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhibing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqiao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengbi Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, Tungwah Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, ShenZhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Garcia-Venzor A, Toiber D. SIRT6 Through the Brain Evolution, Development, and Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:747989. [PMID: 34720996 PMCID: PMC8548377 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.747989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During an organism's lifespan, two main phenomena are critical for the organism's survival. These are (1) a proper embryonic development, which permits the new organism to function with high fitness, grow and reproduce, and (2) the aging process, which will progressively undermine its competence and fitness for survival, leading to its death. Interestingly these processes present various similarities at the molecular level. Notably, as organisms became more complex, regulation of these processes became coordinated by the brain, and failure in brain activity is detrimental in both development and aging. One of the critical processes regulating brain health is the capacity to keep its genomic integrity and epigenetic regulation-deficiency in DNA repair results in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. As the brain becomes more complex, this effect becomes more evident. In this perspective, we will analyze how the brain evolved and became critical for human survival and the role Sirt6 plays in brain health. Sirt6 belongs to the Sirtuin family of histone deacetylases that control several cellular processes; among them, Sirt6 has been associated with the proper embryonic development and is associated with the aging process. In humans, Sirt6 has a pivotal role during brain aging, and its loss of function is correlated with the appearance of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, Sirt6 roles during brain development and aging, especially the last one, are not observed in all species. It appears that during the brain organ evolution, Sirt6 has gained more relevance as the brain becomes bigger and more complex, observing the most detrimental effect in the brains of Homo sapiens. In this perspective, we part from the evolution of the brain in metazoans, the biological similarities between brain development and aging, and the relevant functions of Sirt6 in these similar phenomena to conclude with the evidence suggesting a more relevant role of Sirt6 gained in the brain evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Garcia-Venzor
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Debra Toiber
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jiang Y, Li Y, Liu C, Zhang L, Lv D, Weng Y, Cheng Z, Chen X, Zhan J, Zhang H. Isonicotinylation is a histone mark induced by the anti-tuberculosis first-line drug isoniazid. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5548. [PMID: 34545082 PMCID: PMC8452692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoniazid (INH) is a first-line anti-tuberculosis drug used for nearly 70 years. However, the mechanism underlying the side effects of INH has remained elusive. Here, we report that INH and its metabolites induce a post-translational modification (PTM) of histones, lysine isonicotinylation (Kinic), also called 4-picolinylation, in cells and mice. INH promotes the biosynthesis of isonicotinyl-CoA (Inic-CoA), a co-factor of intracellular isonicotinylation. Mass spectrometry reveals 26 Kinic sites in histones in HepG2 cells. Acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein (CBP) and P300 catalyse histone Kinic, while histone deacetylase HDAC3 functions as a deisonicotinylase. Notably, MNase sensitivity assay and RNA-seq analysis show that histone Kinic relaxes chromatin structure and promotes gene transcription. INH-mediated histone Kinic upregulates PIK3R1 gene expression and activates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway in liver cancer cells, linking INH to tumourigenicity in the liver. We demonstrate that Kinic is a histone acylation mark with a pyridine ring, which may have broad biological effects. Therefore, INH-induced isonicotinylation potentially accounts for the side effects in patients taking INH long-term for anti-tuberculosis therapy, and this modification may increase the risk of cancer in humans. Isoniazid (INH) is an anti-tuberculosis drug; however the underlying cause of its various side effects are not understood. Here the authors identified lysine isonicotinylation as a histone modification on chromatin that is metabolically regulated by INH and its metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Jiang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yixiao Li
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Danyu Lv
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yejing Weng
- Jingjie PTM BioLab Co. Ltd., Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Area, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhongyi Cheng
- Jingjie PTM BioLab Co. Ltd., Hangzhou Economic and Technological Development Area, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, PKU International Cancer Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang J, Lu X, MoghaddamKohi S, Shi L, Xu X, Zhu WG. Histone lysine modifying enzymes and their critical roles in DNA double-strand break repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 107:103206. [PMID: 34411909 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cells protect the integrity of the genome against DNA double-strand breaks through several well-characterized mechanisms including nonhomologous end-joining repair, homologous recombination repair, microhomology-mediated end-joining and single-strand annealing. However, aberrant DNA damage responses (DDRs) lead to genome instability and tumorigenesis. Clarification of the mechanisms underlying the DDR following lethal damage will facilitate the identification of therapeutic targets for cancer. Histones are small proteins that play a major role in condensing DNA into chromatin and regulating gene function. Histone modifications commonly occur in several residues including lysine, arginine, serine, threonine and tyrosine, which can be acetylated, methylated, ubiquitinated and phosphorylated. Of these, lysine modifications have been extensively explored during DDRs. Here, we focus on discussing the roles of lysine modifying enzymes involved in acetylation, methylation, and ubiquitination during the DDR. We provide a comprehensive understanding of the basis of potential epigenetic therapies driven by histone lysine modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sara MoghaddamKohi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fan Y, Cheng J, Yang Q, Feng J, Hu J, Ren Z, Yang H, Yang D, Ding G. Sirt6-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 activation alleviates angiotensin II-induced DNA DSBs and apoptosis in podocytes. Food Funct 2021; 12:7867-7882. [PMID: 34240732 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03467c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggested that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were associated with the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this investigation was to determine the role of Sirtuin6 (Sirt6), a histone deacetylase related to DNA damage repair, in angiotensin (Ang) II-induced DNA DSBs and the cell injury of podocytes and explore the possible mechanism. Here we showed that an increase of DNA DSBs was accompanied by a reduction in Sirt6 expression in the glomeruli of patients with hypertensive nephropathy (HN). Similar results were found in rat kidneys infused with Ang II and in cultured podocytes stimulated with Ang II. Sirt6 overexpression inhibited Ang II-induced ROS generation and DNA DSBs, and thus served as a protection against Ang II-induced apoptosis in podocytes. Moreover, Sirt6 activation enhanced Nrf2 and HO-1 gene expressions in podocytes after Ang II treatment. Furthermore, Nrf2 knockdown could partly reverse the cytoprotective effects of Sirt6 activation. In conclusion, our observations demonstrated that the Sirt6-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway played a vital role in relieving Ang II-mediated oxidative DNA damage and podocyte injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Fan
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mohammadi E, Sadoughi F, Younesi S, Karimian A, Asemi Z, Farsad-Akhtar N, Jahanbakhshi F, Jamilian H, Yousefi B. The molecular mechanism of nuclear signaling for degradation of cytoplasmic DNA: Importance in DNA damage response and cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 103:103115. [PMID: 33915415 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes and addresses non-coding RNAs (rRNA, tRNA, Vault and Y RNA, snRNA, and miRNA) cytoplasmic decay pathways, the molecules, enzymes, and modifications such as uridylation, which play vital roles in the degradation processes in various eukaryotic organisms. Plus, SIRT1's role in fundamental cellular processes, including autophagy, DNA repair, DNA damage response (DDR), and the molecular mechanisms, is explored. Further, the HuR (an RNA-binding protein) impact on the expression of genes following DNA damage, and the pathways that regulate HuR function, which is through phosphorylation by Chk1/Cdk1 and Chk2, are specified. Finally, the role of DIF1/ Rnr2-Rnr4 in DDR has been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Mohammadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Simin Younesi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
| | - Ansar Karimian
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Nader Farsad-Akhtar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fahime Jahanbakhshi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Jamilian
- Department of Psychiatry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Li X, Liu L, Li T, Liu M, Wang Y, Ma H, Mu N, Wang H. SIRT6 in Senescence and Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641315. [PMID: 33855020 PMCID: PMC8039379 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT6 belongs to the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases and has established diverse roles in aging, metabolism and disease. Its function is similar to the Silent Information Regulator 2 (SIR2), which prolongs lifespan and regulates genomic stability, telomere integrity, transcription, and DNA repair. It has been demonstrated that increasing the sirtuin level through genetic manipulation extends the lifespan of yeast, nematodes and flies. Deficiency of SIRT6 induces chronic inflammation, autophagy disorder and telomere instability. Also, these cellular processes can lead to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as atherosclerosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Herein, we discuss the implications of SIRT6 regulates multiple cellular processes in cell senescence and aging-related CVDs, and we summarize clinical application of SIRT6 agonists and possible therapeutic interventions in aging-related CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Li
- Department of Cardiology, China Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Manling Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, China Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen Y, Geng A, Zhang W, Qian Z, Wan X, Jiang Y, Mao Z. Fight to the bitter end: DNA repair and aging. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101154. [PMID: 32977059 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
DNA carries the genetic information that directs complex biological processes; thus, maintaining a stable genome is critical for individual growth and development and for human health. DNA repair is a fundamental and conserved mechanism responsible for mending damaged DNA and restoring genomic stability, while its deficiency is closely related to multiple human disorders. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the field of DNA repair and aging. Here, we will extensively discuss the relationship among DNA damage, DNA repair, aging and aging-associated diseases based on the latest research. In addition, the possible role of DNA repair in several potential rejuvenation strategies will be discussed. Finally, we will also review the emerging methods that may facilitate future research on DNA repair.
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu WH, Zheng J, Feldman JL, Klein MA, Kuznetsov VI, Peterson CL, Griffin PR, Denu JM. Multivalent interactions drive nucleosome binding and efficient chromatin deacetylation by SIRT6. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5244. [PMID: 33067423 PMCID: PMC7568541 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein deacetylase SIRT6 maintains cellular homeostasis through multiple pathways that include the deacetylation of histone H3 and repression of transcription. Prior work suggests that SIRT6 is associated with chromatin and can substantially reduce global levels of H3 acetylation, but how SIRT6 is able to accomplish this feat is unknown. Here, we describe an exquisitely tight interaction between SIRT6 and nucleosome core particles, in which a 2:1 enzyme:nucleosome complex assembles via asymmetric binding with distinct affinities. While both SIRT6 molecules associate with the acidic patch on the nucleosome, we find that the intrinsically disordered SIRT6 C-terminus promotes binding at the higher affinity site through recognition of nucleosomal DNA. Together, multivalent interactions couple productive binding to efficient deacetylation of histones on endogenous chromatin. Unique among histone deacetylases, SIRT6 possesses the intrinsic capacity to tightly interact with nucleosomes for efficient activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wallace H Liu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Jessica L Feldman
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Mark A Klein
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Vyacheslav I Kuznetsov
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Craig L Peterson
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li G, Tian Y, Zhu WG. The Roles of Histone Deacetylases and Their Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576946. [PMID: 33117804 PMCID: PMC7552186 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations and abnormal gene regulation are key mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. Nucleosomes, which consist of DNA wrapped around histone cores, represent the basic units of chromatin. The fifth amino group (Nε) of histone lysine residues is a common site for post-translational modifications (PTMs), and of these, acetylation is the second most common. Histone acetylation is modulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), and is involved in the regulation of gene expression. Over the past two decades, numerous studies characterizing HDACs and HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have provided novel and exciting insights concerning their underlying biological mechanisms and potential anti-cancer treatments. In this review, we detail the diverse structures of HDACs and their underlying biological functions, including transcriptional regulation, metabolism, angiogenesis, DNA damage response, cell cycle, apoptosis, protein degradation, immunity and other several physiological processes. We also highlight potential avenues to use HDACi as novel, precision cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
|
48
|
Klein MA, Denu JM. Biological and catalytic functions of sirtuin 6 as targets for small-molecule modulators. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11021-11041. [PMID: 32518153 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.011438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a nuclear NAD+-dependent deacetylase of histone H3 that regulates genome stability and gene expression. However, nonhistone substrates and additional catalytic activities of SIRT6, including long-chain deacylation and mono-ADP-ribosylation of other proteins, have also been reported, but many of these noncanonical roles remain enigmatic. Genetic studies have revealed critical homeostatic cellular functions of SIRT6, underscoring the need to better understand which catalytic functions and molecular pathways are driving SIRT6-associated phenotypes. At the physiological level, SIRT6 activity promotes increased longevity by regulating metabolism and DNA repair. Recent work has identified natural products and synthetic small molecules capable of activating the inefficient in vitro deacetylase activity of SIRT6. Here, we discuss the cellular functions of SIRT6 with a focus on attributing its catalytic activity to its proposed biological functions. We cover the molecular architecture and catalytic mechanisms that distinguish SIRT6 from other NAD+-dependent deacylases. We propose that combining specific SIRT6 amino acid substitutions identified in enzymology studies and activity-selective compounds could help delineate SIRT6 functions in specific biological contexts and resolve the apparently conflicting roles of SIRT6 in processes such as tumor development. We further highlight the recent development of small-molecule modulators that provide additional biological insight into SIRT6 functions and offer therapeutic approaches to manage metabolic and age-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Klein
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John M Denu
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA .,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|