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Zheng Z, Ling X, Li Y, Qiao S, Zhang S, Wu J, Ma Z, Li M, Guo X, Li Z, Feng Y, Liu X, Goodfellow IG, Zheng H, Xiao S. Host cells reprogram lipid droplet synthesis through YY1 to resist PRRSV infection. mBio 2024:e0154924. [PMID: 38953350 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01549-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism in host cells can be modulated after viral infection, favoring viral survival or clearance. Here, we report that lipid droplet (LD) synthesis in host cells can be modulated by yin yang 1 (YY1) after porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection, resulting in active antiviral activity. As a ubiquitously distributed transcription factor, there was increased expression of YY1 upon PRRSV infection both in vitro and in vivo. YY1 silencing promoted the replication of PRRSV, whereas YY1 overexpression inhibited PRRSV replication. PRRSV infection led to a marked increase in LDs, while YY1 knockout inhibited LD synthesis, and YY1 overexpression enhanced LD accumulation, indicating that YY1 reprograms PRRSV infection-induced intracellular LD synthesis. We also showed that the viral components do not colocalize with LDs during PRRSV infection, and the effect of exogenously induced LD synthesis on PRRSV replication is nearly lethal. Moreover, we demonstrated that YY1 affects the synthesis of LDs by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism genes. YY1 negatively regulates the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) to weaken the fatty acid synthesis pathway and positively regulates the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) to promote the synthesis of LDs, thus inhibiting PRRSV replication. These novel findings indicate that YY1 plays a crucial role in regulating PRRSV replication by reprogramming LD synthesis. Therefore, our study provides a novel mechanism of host resistance to PRRSV and suggests potential new antiviral strategies against PRRSV infection.IMPORTANCEPorcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) has caused incalculable economic damage to the global pig industry since it was first discovered in the 1980s. However, conventional vaccines do not provide satisfactory protection. It is well known that viruses are parasitic pathogens, and the completion of their replication life cycle is highly dependent on host cells. A better understanding of host resistance to PRRSV infection is essential for developing safe and effective strategies to control PRRSV. Here, we report a crucial host antiviral molecule, yin yang 1 (YY1), which is induced to be expressed upon PRRSV infection and subsequently inhibits virus replication by reprogramming lipid droplet (LD) synthesis through transcriptional regulation. Our work provides a novel antiviral mechanism against PRRSV infection and suggests that targeting YY1 could be a new strategy for controlling PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xue Ling
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shuang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuangquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yingtong Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ian G Goodfellow
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shuqi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Liu S, Wang Z, Hu L, Ye C, Zhang X, Zhu Z, Li J, Shen Q. Pan-cancer analysis of super-enhancer-induced LINC00862 and validation as a SIRT1-promoting factor in cervical cancer and gastric cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101982. [PMID: 38718436 PMCID: PMC11097084 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints inhibitors are effective but it needs more precise biomarkers for patient selection. We explored the biological significance of LINC00862 in pan-cancer by bioinformatics. And we studied its regulatory mechanisms using chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation assays etc. TCGA and single-cell sequencing data analysis indicated that LINC00862 was overexpressed in the majority of tumor and stromal cells, which was related with poor prognosis. LINC00862 expression was related with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints expression, and had a high predictive value for immunotherapy efficacy. Mechanistically, LINC00862 competitively bound to miR-29c-3p to unleash SIRT1's tumor-promoting function. SIRT1 inhibitor-EX527 were screened by virtual screening and verified by in vitro and vivo assays. Notably, acetyltransferase P300-mediated super-enhancer activity stimulated LINC00862 transcription. Collectively, LINC00862 could be a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. LINC00862 could also be a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy efficacy. Super-enhancer activity is the driver for LINC00862 overexpression in cervical cancer and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xubin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaqiu Li
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China.
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China.
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Kaushal JB, Raut P, Muniyan S, Siddiqui JA, Alsafwani ZW, Seshacharyulu P, Nair SS, Tewari AK, Batra SK. Racial disparity in prostate cancer: an outlook in genetic and molecular landscape. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10193-8. [PMID: 38902476 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence, morbidity, and mortality rates are significantly impacted by racial disparities. Despite innovative therapeutic approaches and advancements in prevention, men of African American (AA) ancestry are at a higher risk of developing PCa and have a more aggressive and metastatic form of the disease at the time of initial PCa diagnosis than other races. Research on PCa has underlined the biological and molecular basis of racial disparity and emphasized the genetic aspect as the fundamental component of racial inequality. Furthermore, the lower enrollment rate, limited access to national-level cancer facilities, and deferred treatment of AA men and other minorities are hurdles in improving the outcomes of PCa patients. This review provides the most up-to-date information on various biological and molecular contributing factors, such as the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), mutational spectrum, altered chromosomal loci, differential gene expression, transcriptome analysis, epigenetic factors, tumor microenvironment (TME), and immune modulation of PCa racial disparities. This review also highlights future research avenues to explore the underlying biological factors contributing to PCa disparities, particularly in men of African ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti B Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Pratima Raut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Sakthivel Muniyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Zahraa W Alsafwani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Sujit S Nair
- Department of Urology and the Tisch Cancer Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Tewari
- Department of Urology and the Tisch Cancer Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA.
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA.
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Rosenthal ZC, Fass DM, Payne NC, She A, Patnaik D, Hennig KM, Tesla R, Werthmann GC, Guhl C, Reis SA, Wang X, Chen Y, Placzek M, Williams NS, Hooker J, Herz J, Mazitschek R, Haggarty SJ. Epigenetic modulation through BET bromodomain inhibitors as a novel therapeutic strategy for progranulin-deficient frontotemporal dementia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9064. [PMID: 38643236 PMCID: PMC11032351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder with currently no disease-modifying treatment options available. Mutations in GRN are one of the most common genetic causes of FTD, near ubiquitously resulting in progranulin (PGRN) haploinsufficiency. Small molecules that can restore PGRN protein to healthy levels in individuals bearing a heterozygous GRN mutation may thus have therapeutic value. Here, we show that epigenetic modulation through bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitors (BETi) potently enhance PGRN protein levels, both intracellularly and secreted forms, in human central nervous system (CNS)-relevant cell types, including in microglia-like cells. In terms of potential for disease modification, we show BETi treatment effectively restores PGRN levels in neural cells with a GRN mutation known to cause PGRN haploinsufficiency and FTD. We demonstrate that BETi can rapidly and durably enhance PGRN in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in a manner dependent upon BET protein expression, suggesting a gain-of-function mechanism. We further describe a CNS-optimized BETi chemotype that potently engages endogenous BRD4 and enhances PGRN expression in neuronal cells. Our results reveal a new epigenetic target for treating PGRN-deficient forms of FTD and provide mechanistic insight to aid in translating this discovery into therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C Rosenthal
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel M Fass
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Connor Payne
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angela She
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debasis Patnaik
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krista M Hennig
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Tesla
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gordon C Werthmann
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Guhl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Surya A Reis
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yueting Chen
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Placzek
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noelle S Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jacob Hooker
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joachim Herz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Huang S, Liu J, Hu J, Hou Y, Hu M, Zhang B, Luo H, Fu S, Chen Y, Liu X, Chen Z, Wang L. GHITM regulates malignant phenotype and sensitivity to PD-1 blockade of renal cancer cells via Notch signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18290. [PMID: 38588015 PMCID: PMC11000813 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone inducible transmembrane protein (GHITM), one member of Bax inhibitory protein-like family, has been rarely studied, and the clinical importance and biological functions of GHITM in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) still remain unknown. In the present study, we found that GHITM was downregulated in KIRC. Aberrant GHITM downregulation related to clinicopathological feature and unfavourable prognosis of KIRC patients. GHITM overexpression inhibited KIRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, GHITM overexpression could induce the downregulation of Notch1, which acts as an oncogene in KIRC. Overexpression of Notch1 effectively rescued the inhibitory effect induced by GHITM upregulation. More importantly, GHITM could regulate PD-L1 protein abundance and ectopic overexpression of GHITM enhanced the antitumour efficiency of PD-1 blockade in KIRC, which provided new insights into antitumour therapy. Furthermore, we also showed that YY1 could decrease GHITM level via binding to its promoter. Taken together, our study revealed that GHITM was a promising therapeutic target for KIRC, which could modulate malignant phenotype and sensitivity to PD-1 blockade of renal cancer cells via Notch signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Huang
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Jiachen Liu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Central LaboratoryRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Juncheng Hu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yanguang Hou
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Min Hu
- Department of CardiologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Banghua Zhang
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System DiseaseWuhanChina
| | - Hongbo Luo
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Department of UrologyThe Second Hospital of HuangshiHuangshiChina
| | - Shujie Fu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Institute of Urologic Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
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Liao M, Yao D, Wu L, Luo C, Wang Z, Zhang J, Liu B. Targeting the Warburg effect: A revisited perspective from molecular mechanisms to traditional and innovative therapeutic strategies in cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:953-1008. [PMID: 38487001 PMCID: PMC10935242 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer reprogramming is an important facilitator of cancer development and survival, with tumor cells exhibiting a preference for aerobic glycolysis beyond oxidative phosphorylation, even under sufficient oxygen supply condition. This metabolic alteration, known as the Warburg effect, serves as a significant indicator of malignant tumor transformation. The Warburg effect primarily impacts cancer occurrence by influencing the aerobic glycolysis pathway in cancer cells. Key enzymes involved in this process include glucose transporters (GLUTs), HKs, PFKs, LDHs, and PKM2. Moreover, the expression of transcriptional regulatory factors and proteins, such as FOXM1, p53, NF-κB, HIF1α, and c-Myc, can also influence cancer progression. Furthermore, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circular RNAs play a vital role in directly regulating the Warburg effect. Additionally, gene mutations, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and immune system interactions are closely associated with the Warburg effect. Notably, the development of drugs targeting the Warburg effect has exhibited promising potential in tumor treatment. This comprehensive review presents novel directions and approaches for the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients by conducting in-depth research and summarizing the bright prospects of targeting the Warburg effect in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minru Liao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dahong Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Lifeng Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chaodan Luo
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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7
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Meo C, de Nigris F. Clinical Potential of YY1-Hypoxia Axis for Vascular Normalization and to Improve Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:491. [PMID: 38339244 PMCID: PMC10854702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal vasculature in solid tumors causes poor blood perfusion, hypoxia, low pH, and immune evasion. It also shapes the tumor microenvironment and affects response to immunotherapy. The combination of antiangiogenic therapy and immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach to normalize vasculature and unlock the full potential of immunotherapy. However, the unpredictable and redundant mechanisms of vascularization and immune suppression triggered by tumor-specific hypoxic microenvironments indicate that such combination therapies need to be further evaluated to improve patient outcomes. Here, we provide an overview of the interplay between tumor angiogenesis and immune modulation and review the function and mechanism of the YY1-HIF axis that regulates the vascular and immune tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of targeting YY1 and other strategies, such as nanocarrier delivery systems and engineered immune cells (CAR-T), to normalize tumor vascularization and re-establish an immune-permissive microenvironment to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filomena de Nigris
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
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8
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Duan B, Zhou X, Zhang X, Qiu F, Zhang S, Chen Y, Yang J, Wang J, Tan W. BRD4-binding enhancer promotes CRC progression by interacting with YY1 to activate the Wnt pathway through upregulation of TCF7L2. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115877. [PMID: 37879498 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC), one of the most life-threatening cancer types, is associated with aberrant expression of epigenetic modifiers and activation of the Wnt pathway. However, the role of epigenetic regulators in driving cancer cell proliferation and their potential as therapeutic targets affecting the Wnt pathway remain unclear. In this study, BRD4 was found to promote the progression of CRC both in vitro and in vivo. The expression of BRD4 correlated with shortened CRC patient survival. In addition, BRD4 function was strongly correlated with the Wnt pathway, but rather through regulation of TCF7L2 at transcriptional levels. BRD4 and H3K27ac have overlapping occupancies in the cis-regulatory elements of TCF7L2, suggesting enhancer-based epigenetic regulation. Numerous YY1 binding sites were found in the abovementioned region. YY1 recruited BRD4 to bind to cis-regulatory elements of TCF7L2, thereby regulating the expression of TCF7L2. Altogether, this study validates that BRD4 performs a canonical epigenetic regulatory function in CRC and can be used in the treatment of Wnt pathway-dependent CRC or other malignancies with clinically available bromodomain inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xuwei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fenglan Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenfu Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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9
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Huang Y, Xiong C, Wang C, Deng J, Zuo Z, Wu H, Xiong J, Wu X, Lu H, Hao Q, Zhou X. p53-responsive CMBL reprograms glucose metabolism and suppresses cancer development by destabilizing phosphofructokinase PFKP. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113426. [PMID: 37967006 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is critical for cancer progression and can be exploited in cancer therapy. Here, we report that the human carboxymethylenebutenolidase homolog (carboxymethylenebutenolidase-like [CMBL]) acts as a tumor suppressor by reprogramming glycolysis in colorectal cancer (CRC). The anti-cancer action of CMBL is mediated through its interactions with the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM25 and the glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase-1 platelet type (PFKP). Ectopic CMBL enhances TRIM25 binding to PFKP, leading to the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PFKP. Interestingly, CMBL is transcriptionally activated by p53 in response to genotoxic stress, and p53 activation represses glycolysis by promoting PFKP degradation. Remarkably, CMBL deficiency, which impairs p53's ability to inhibit glycolysis, makes tumors more sensitive to a combination therapy involving the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose. Taken together, our study demonstrates that CMBL suppresses CRC growth by inhibiting glycolysis and suggests a potential combination strategy for the treatment of CMBL-deficient CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdan Huang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Lymphoma Medicine (Breast Cancer & Soft Tissue Tumor Medicine), Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Chen Xiong
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunmeng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Huijing Wu
- Department of Lymphoma Medicine (Breast Cancer & Soft Tissue Tumor Medicine), Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Qian Hao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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10
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Peng J, Li P, Li Y, Quan J, Yao Y, Duan J, Liu X, Li H, Yuan D, Wang X. PFKP is a prospective prognostic, diagnostic, immunological and drug sensitivity predictor across pan-cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17399. [PMID: 37833332 PMCID: PMC10576092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43982-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphofructokinase, platelet (PFKP) is a rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis that plays a decisive role in various human physio-pathological processes. PFKP has been reported to have multiple functions in different cancer types, including lung cancer and breast cancer. However, no systematic pancancer analysis of PFKP has been performed; this type of analysis could elucidate the clinical value of PFKP in terms of diagnosis, prognosis, drug sensitivity, and immunological correlation. Systematic bioinformation analysis of PFKP was performed based on several public datasets, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx), and Human Protein Atlas (HPA). Prospective carcinogenesis of PFKP across cancers was estimated by expression analysis, effect on patient prognosis, diagnosis significance evaluation, and immunity regulation estimation. Then, pancancer functional enrichment of PFKP was also assessed through its effect on the signaling score and gene expression profile. Finally, upstream expression regulation of PFKP was explored by promoter DNA methylation and transcription factor (TF) prediction. Our analysis revealed that high expression of PFKP was found in most cancer types. Additionally, a high level of PFKP displayed a significant correlation with poor prognosis in patients across cancers. The diagnostic value of PFKP was performed based on its positive correlation with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). We also found an obvious immune-regulating effect of PFKP in most cancer types. PFKP also had a strong negative correlation with several cancer drugs. Finally, ectopic expression of PFKP may depend on DNA methylation and several predicated transcription factors, including the KLF (KLF transcription factor) and Sp (Sp transcription factor) families. This pancancer analysis revealed that a high expression level of PFKP might be a useful biomarker and predictor in most cancer types. Additionally, the performance of PFKP across cancers also suggested its meaningful role in cancer immunity regulation, even in immunotherapy and drug resistance. Overall, PFKP might be explored as an auxiliary monitor for pancancer early prognosis and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Comprehensive Liver Cancer Center, The Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jichuan Quan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Yanwei Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Junfang Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second People's Hospital of Taiyuan, Taiyuan, 030002, Shanxi, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Dajiang Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoru Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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11
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Liu R, Xu Z, Huang X, Xu B, Chen M. Yin Yang 1 promotes the neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells via the non-canonical WNT pathway (FYN/STAT3). Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1422. [PMID: 37771187 PMCID: PMC10539684 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of studies have shown that Yin Yang 1 (YY1) promotes the development of multiple tumours. The purpose of the current study was to determine the mechanism by which YY1 mediates neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer (NEPC) cells undergoing cellular plasticity. METHODS Using the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, we bioinformatically analyzed YY1 expression in prostate cancer (PCa). Aberrant YY1 expression was validated in different PCa tissues and cell lines via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. In vivo and in vitro functional assays verified the oncogenicity of YY1 in PCa. Further functional assays showed that ectopic expression of YY1 promoted cellular plasticity in PCa cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition induction and neuroendocrine differentiation. RESULTS Androgen deprivation therapy induced a decrease in YY1 protein ubiquitination, enhanced its stability, and thus enhanced the transcriptional activity of FZD8. Castration enhanced FZD8 binding to Wnt9A and mediated cellular plasticity by activating the non-canonical Wnt (FZD8/FYN/STAT3) pathway. CONCLUSIONS We identified YY1 as a novel dysregulated transcription factor that plays an important role in NEPC progression in this study. We believe that an in-depth investigation of the mechanism underlying YY1-mediated disease may lead to improved NEPC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui‐ji Liu
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of UrologySoutheast University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Zhi‐Peng Xu
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of UrologySoutheast University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Urology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of UrologySoutheast University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of UrologyAffiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
- Surgical Research Center, Institute of UrologySoutheast University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Lishui District People's HospitalZhongda Hospital Lishui BranchSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
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12
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Jung M, Bui I, Bonavida B. Role of YY1 in the Regulation of Anti-Apoptotic Gene Products in Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4267. [PMID: 37686541 PMCID: PMC10486809 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death among the various diseases encountered in humans. Cancer is not a single entity and consists of numerous different types and subtypes that require various treatment regimens. In the last decade, several milestones in cancer treatments were accomplished, such as specific targeting agents or revitalizing the dormant anti-tumor immune response. These milestones have resulted in significant positive clinical responses as well as tumor regression and the prolongation of survival in subsets of cancer patients. Hence, in non-responding patients and non-responding relapsed patients, cancers develop intrinsic mechanisms of resistance to cell death via the overexpression of anti-apoptotic gene products. In parallel, the majority of resistant cancers have been reported to overexpress a transcription factor, Yin Yang 1 (YY1), which regulates the chemo-immuno-resistance of cancer cells to therapeutic anticancer cytotoxic agents. The relationship between the overexpression of YY1 and several anti-apoptotic gene products, such as B-cell lymphoma 2 protein (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma extra-large (Bcl-xL), myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) and survivin, is investigated in this paper. The findings demonstrate that these anti-apoptotic gene products are regulated, in part, by YY1 at the transcriptional, epigenetic, post-transcriptional and translational levels. While targeting each of the anti-apoptotic gene products individually has been examined and clinically tested for some, this targeting strategy is not effective due to compensation by other overexpressed anti-apoptotic gene products. In contrast, targeting YY1 directly, through small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), gene editing or small molecule inhibitors, can be therapeutically more effective and generalized in YY1-overexpressed resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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13
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Li X, Li F, Ye F, Guo H, Chen W, Jin J, Wang Y, Dai P, Shi H, Tao H, Dang W, Ding Y, Wang M, Jiang H, Chen K, Zhang N, Gao D, Zhang Y, Luo C. Spermine is a natural suppressor of AR signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112798. [PMID: 37453063 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), clinical response to androgen receptor (AR) antagonists is limited mainly due to AR-variants expression and restored AR signaling. The metabolite spermine is most abundant in prostate and it decreases as prostate cancer progresses, but its functions remain poorly understood. Here, we show spermine inhibits full-length androgen receptor (AR-FL) and androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) signaling and suppresses CRPC cell proliferation by directly binding and inhibiting protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT1. Spermine reduces H4R3me2a modification at the AR locus and suppresses AR binding as well as H3K27ac modification levels at AR target genes. Spermine supplementation restrains CRPC growth in vivo. PRMT1 inhibition also suppresses AR-FL and AR-V7 signaling and reduces CRPC growth. Collectively, we demonstrate spermine as an anticancer metabolite by inhibiting PRMT1 to transcriptionally inhibit AR-FL and AR-V7 signaling in CRPC, and we indicate spermine and PRMT1 inhibition as powerful strategies overcoming limitations of current AR-based therapies in CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fei Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang SciTech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Haotian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Jin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang SciTech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pengfei Dai
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Huili Shi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongru Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenzhen Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yiluan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mingchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kaixian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Naixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Cheng Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528437, China.
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14
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Hosea R, Hillary S, Wu S, Kasim V. Targeting Transcription Factor YY1 for Cancer Treatment: Current Strategies and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3506. [PMID: 37444616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a significant and persistent global health burden, with its impact underscored by its prevalence and devastating consequences. Whereas numerous oncogenes could contribute to cancer development, a group of transcription factors (TFs) are overactive in the majority of tumors. Targeting these TFs may also combat the downstream oncogenes activated by the TFs, making them attractive potential targets for effective antitumor therapeutic strategy. One such TF is yin yang 1 (YY1), which plays crucial roles in the development and progression of various tumors. In preclinical studies, YY1 inhibition has shown efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth, promoting apoptosis, and sensitizing tumor cells to chemotherapy. Recent studies have also revealed the potential of combining YY1 inhibition with immunotherapy for enhanced antitumor effects. However, clinical translation of YY1-targeted therapy still faces challenges in drug specificity and delivery. This review provides an overview of YY1 biology, its role in tumor development and progression, as well as the strategies explored for YY1-targeted therapy, with a focus on their clinical implications, including those using small molecule inhibitors, RNA interference, and gene editing techniques. Finally, we discuss the challenges and current limitations of targeting YY1 and the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendy Hosea
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Sharon Hillary
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shourong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Vivi Kasim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
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15
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Cha CD, Son SH, Kim CG, Park H, Chung MS. Prognostic Implication of YY1 and CP2c Expression in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3495. [PMID: 37444605 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a transcription factor that regulates epigenetic pathways and protein modifications. CP2c is a transcription factor that functions as an oncogene to regulate cell proliferation. YY1 is known to interact with CP2c to suppress CP2c's transcriptional activity. This study aimed to investigate YY1 and CP2c expression in breast cancer and prognostic implications. In this study, YY1 and CP2c expression was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining, Western blot and RT-PCR assays. Of 491 patients with primary breast cancer, 138 patients showed YY1 overexpression. Luminal subtype and early stage were associated with overexpression (p < 0.001). After a median follow-up of 68 months, YY1 overexpression was found to be associated with a better prognosis (disease-free survival rates of 92.0% vs. 79.2%, p = 0.014). In Cox proportional hazards model, YY1 overexpression functioned as an independent prognostic factor after adjustment of hormone receptor/HER2 status and tumor size (hazard ratio of 0.50, 95% CI 0.26-0.98, p = 0.042). Quantitative analysis of YY1 and CP2c protein expression in tumors revealed a negative correlation between them. In conclusion, YY1 overexpression is a favorable prognostic biomarker in patients with breast cancer, and it has a negative correlation with CP2c at the protein level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihwan David Cha
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04764, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Han Son
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04764, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Geun Kim
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04764, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosub Park
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04764, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sung Chung
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04764, Republic of Korea
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16
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Hu H, Li L, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Chen M, Ning J, Pang Y, Hu W, Niu Y, Zhang R. Mechanism of YY1 mediating autophagy dependent ferroptosis in PM2.5 induced cardiac fibrosis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137749. [PMID: 36610517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated strong associations between exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cardiac disease. To investigate the potential mechanism of cardiac fibrosis induced by PM2.5, we established PM2.5 exposure models in vivo and in vitro, and then cardiac fibrosis was evaluated. The ferroptosis and ferritinophagy was detected to characterize the effects of PM2.5 exposure. The results indicated that PM2.5 exposure could induce cardiac fibrosis in mice. YY1 was induced by PM2.5 exposure and then increased NCOA4, a cargo receptor for ferritinophagy, which interacted with FHC and promoted the transport of ferritin to the autophagosome for degradation. The release of large amounts of free iron from ferritinophagy led to lipid peroxidation directly via the Fenton reaction, thereby triggering ferroptosis. Moreover, siNCOA4 could partly restore the FHC protein level in HL-1 cells and inhibit the occurrence of downstream ferroptosis. Functionally, NCOA4 knockdown inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated HL-1 cell death induced by PM2.5. Ferroptosis inhibitor (Ferrostatin-1) could reverse the promoting effect of ferritinophagy mediated ferroptosis on cardiac fibrosis induced by PM2.5 exposure in mice. Our study indicated that PM2.5 induced cardiac fibrosis through YY1 regulating ferritinophagy-dependent ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaifang Hu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Lipeng Li
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Huaxing Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yaling Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Meiyu Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Jie Ning
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yaxian Pang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Wentao Hu
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China
| | - Yujie Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, PR China.
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17
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Miller KJ, Henry I, Maylin Z, Smith C, Arunachalam E, Pandha H, Asim M. A compendium of Androgen Receptor Variant 7 target genes and their role in Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1129140. [PMID: 36937454 PMCID: PMC10014620 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1129140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent androgen receptor (AR) signalling is the main driver of prostate cancer (PCa). Truncated isoforms of the AR called androgen receptor variants (AR-Vs) lacking the ligand binding domain often emerge during treatment resistance against AR pathway inhibitors such as Enzalutamide. This review discusses how AR-Vs drive a more aggressive form of PCa through the regulation of some of their target genes involved in oncogenic pathways, enabling disease progression. There is a pressing need for the development of a new generation of AR inhibitors which can repress the activity of both the full-length AR and AR-Vs, for which the knowledge of differentially expressed target genes will allow evaluation of inhibition efficacy. This review provides a detailed account of the most common variant, AR-V7, the AR-V7 regulated genes which have been experimentally validated, endeavours to understand their relevance in aggressive AR-V driven PCa and discusses the utility of the downstream protein products as potential drug targets for PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zoe Maylin
- *Correspondence: Zoe Maylin, ; Mohammad Asim,
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Gao C, Glass KC, Frietze S. Functional networks of the human bromodomain-containing proteins. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2022; 2:835892. [PMID: 36304339 PMCID: PMC9580951 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2022.835892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bromodomains are a structurally conserved epigenetic reader domain that bind to acetylated lysine residues in both histone and non-histone proteins. Bromodomain-containing proteins (BRD proteins) often function as scaffolding proteins in the assembly of multi-protein complexes to regulate diverse biological processes. BRD proteins have been classified based on biological and functional similarity, however the functions of many BRD proteins remains unknown. PPI network analysis is useful for revealing organizational roles, identifying functional clusters, and predicting function for BRD proteins. Results: We used available data to construct protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs) to study the properties of the human bromodomain protein family. The network properties of the BRD PPIN establishes that the BRD proteins serve as hub proteins that are enriched near the global center to form an inter-connected PPIN. We identified dense subgraphs formed by BRD proteins and find that different BRD proteins share topological similarity and functional associations. We explored the functional relationships through clustering and Hallmark pathway gene set enrichment analysis and identify potential biological roles for different BRD proteins. Conclusion: In our network analysis we confirmed that BRD proteins are conserved central nodes in the human PPI network and function as scaffolds to form distinctive functional clusters. Overall, this study provides detailed insight into the predictive functions of BRD proteins in the context of functional complexes and biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Gao
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Karen C. Glass
- Department of Pharmacology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Seth Frietze
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States,University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, United States,*Correspondence: Seth Frietze,
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Tsujikawa LM, Kharenko OA, Stotz SC, Rakai BD, Sarsons CD, Gilham D, Wasiak S, Fu L, Sweeney M, Johansson JO, Wong NCW, Kulikowski E. Breaking boundaries: Pan BETi disrupt 3D chromatin structure, BD2-selective BETi are strictly epigenetic transcriptional regulators. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113230. [PMID: 35687908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bromodomain and extraterminal proteins (BETs) are more than just epigenetic regulators of transcription. Here we highlight a new role for the BET protein BRD4 in the maintenance of higher order chromatin structure at Topologically Associating Domain Boundaries (TADBs). BD2-selective and pan (non-selective) BET inhibitors (BETi) differentially support chromatin structure, selectively affecting transcription and cell viability. METHODS Using RNA-seq and BRD4 ChIP-seq, the differential effect of BETi treatment on the transcriptome and BRD4 chromatin occupancy of human aortic endothelial cells from diabetic patients (dHAECs) stimulated with TNFα was evaluated. Chromatin decondensation and DNA fragmentation was assessed by immunofluorescence imaging and quantification. Key dHAEC findings were verified in proliferating monocyte-like THP-1 cells using real time-PCR, BRD4 co-immunoprecipitation studies, western blots, proliferation and apoptosis assays. FINDINGS We discovered that 1) BRD4 co-localizes with Ying-Yang 1 (YY1) at TADBs, critical chromatin structure complexes proximal to many DNA repair genes. 2) BD2-selective BETi enrich BRD4/YY1 associations, while pan-BETi do not. 3) Failure to support chromatin structures through BRD4/YY1 enrichment inhibits DNA repair gene transcription, which induces DNA damage responses, and causes widespread chromatin decondensation, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis. 4) BD2-selective BETi maintain high order chromatin structure and cell viability, while reducing deleterious pro-inflammatory transcription. INTERPRETATION BRD4 plays a previously unrecognized role at TADBs. BETi differentially impact TADB stability. Our results provide translational insight for the development of BETi as therapeutics for a range of diseases including CVD, chronic kidney disease, cancer, and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Tsujikawa
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Olesya A Kharenko
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Stephanie C Stotz
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Brooke D Rakai
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Christopher D Sarsons
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Dean Gilham
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Sylwia Wasiak
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Li Fu
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Michael Sweeney
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 4010, 44 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA.
| | - Jan O Johansson
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 4010, 44 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, CA 94104, USA.
| | - Norman C W Wong
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
| | - Ewelina Kulikowski
- Resverlogix Corporation, Suite 300, 4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6L1, Canada.
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A Systematic Pan-Cancer Analysis of YY1 Aberrations and their Relationship with Clinical Outcome, Tumor Microenvironment, and Therapeutic Targets. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:5826741. [PMID: 35791393 PMCID: PMC9250692 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5826741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Yin-Yang 1 (YY1) has a crucial function in the development of several malignancies, according to recent research. However, nothing is known about its aberrant expression and prognostic significance in human pan-cancer. We first explored the potential carcinogenic effect of YY1 in 33 cancers using the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) project and gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets in this research. Then, we contained a variety of elements, for instance, gene expression, the state of survival, gene alterations, protein phosphorylation, immune infiltration, and related cellular pathways, and used a series of bioinformatics methods to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of YY1 in the etiology or clinical prognosis of various malignancies. In most malignancies, YY1 was expressed at high levels, and the level of YY1 expression was statistically associated with the prognosis of tumor patients. The S118 site of YY1 implied higher phosphorylation expression in breast cancer, colon cancer, uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumor tissues, but lower phosphorylation levels in ovarian cancer and clear cell carcinoma tumor tissues. For S247, higher phosphorylation levels were found in colon cancer, UCEC, and LUAD tumor tissue, and lower phosphorylation expression was found in clear cell carcinoma tumor tissue. In TCGA database, YY1 expression in BRCA, BRCA-LumA, BRCA-LumB, CESC, CHOL, COAD, ESCA, HNSC, HNSC-HPV-, KIRP, LGG, LIHC, and PAAD tumor tissues was a statistically significant positive connection of the estimated infiltration value of cancer-associated fibroblasts but a negative correlation in TGCT. In addition, the functional mechanism of YY1 also involves viral carcinogenesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) metabolism related functions. Our first pan-cancer analysis offers a pretty comprehensive knowledge of YY1’s oncogenic involvement in various cancers.
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21
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Lin Z, Li Z, Guo Z, Cao Y, Li J, Liu P, Li Z. Epigenetic Reader Bromodomain Containing Protein 2 Facilitates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy via Regulating the Expression of Citrate Cycle Genes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:887991. [PMID: 35694272 PMCID: PMC9174549 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.887991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The bromodomain and extra-terminal domain proteins (BETs) family serve as epigenetic “readers”, which recognize the acetylated histones and recruit transcriptional regulator complexes to chromatin, eventually regulating gene transcription. Accumulating evidences demonstrate that pan BET inhibitors (BETi) confer protection against pathological cardiac hypertrophy, a precursor progress for developing heart failure. However, the roles of BET family members, except BRD4, remain unknown in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The present study identified BRD2 as a novel regulator in cardiac hypertrophy, with a distinct mechanism from BRD4. BRD2 expression was elevated in cardiac hypertrophy induced by β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline (ISO) in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of BRD2 upregulated the expression of hypertrophic biomarkers and increased cell surface area, whereas BRD2 knockdown restrained ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In vivo, rats received intramyocardial injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding siBRD2 significantly reversed ISO-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiac function dysregulation. The bioinformatic analysis of whole-genome sequence data demonstrated that a majority of metabolic genes, in particular those involved in TCA cycle, were under regulation by BRD2. Real-time PCR results confirmed that the expressions of TCA cycle genes were upregulated by BRD2, but were downregulated by BRD2 silencing in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes. Results of mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP production measurement demonstrated that BRD2 augmented cardiac metabolism during cardiac hypertrophy. In conclusion, the present study revealed that BRD2 could facilitate cardiac hypertrophy through upregulating TCA cycle genes. Strategies targeting inhibition of BRD2 might suggest therapeutic potential for pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Cao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peiqing Liu, ; Zhuoming Li,
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peiqing Liu, ; Zhuoming Li,
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22
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Xie K, Tan K, Naylor MJ. Transcription Factors as Novel Therapeutic Targets and Drivers of Prostate Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:854151. [PMID: 35547880 PMCID: PMC9082354 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.854151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer among men worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy, the most common targeted therapeutic option, is circumvented as prostate cancer progresses from androgen dependent to castrate-resistant disease. Whilst the nuclear receptor transcription factor, androgen receptor, drives the growth of prostate tumor during initial stage of the disease, androgen resistance is associated with poorly differentiated prostate cancer. In the recent years, increased research has highlighted the aberrant transcriptional activities of a small number of transcription factors. Along with androgen receptors, dysregulation of these transcription factors contributes to both the poorly differentiated phenotypes of prostate cancer cells and the initiation and progression of prostate carcinoma. As master regulators of cell fate decisions, these transcription factors may provide opportunity for the development of novel therapeutic targets for the management of prostate cancer. Whilst some transcriptional regulators have previously been notoriously difficult to directly target, technological advances offer potential for the indirect therapeutic targeting of these transcription factors and the capacity to reprogram cancer cell phenotype. This mini review will discuss how recent advances in our understanding of transcriptional regulators and material science pave the way to utilize these regulatory molecules as therapeutic targets in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangzhe Xie
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Keely Tan
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew J Naylor
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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