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Mahmoud HM, Abdel-Razik ARH, Elrehany MA, Othman EM, Bekhit AA. Modified Citrus Pectin (MCP) Confers a Renoprotective Effect on Early-Stage Nephropathy in Type-2 Diabetic Mice. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400104. [PMID: 38588017 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant global health concern with a high morbidity rate. Accumulating evidence reveals that Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding lectin, is a biomarker in kidney diseases. Our study aimed to assess the advantageous impacts of modified citrus pectin (MCP) as an alternative therapeutic strategy for the initial and ongoing progression of DN in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The animal model has been split into four groups: control group, T2DM group (mice received intraperitoneal injections of nicotinamide (NA) and streptozotocin (STZ), T2DM+MCP group (mice received 100 mg/kg/day MCP following T2DM induction), and MCP group (mice received 100 mg/kg/day). After 4 weeks, kidney weight, blood glucose level, serum kidney function tests, histopathological structure alterations, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis parameters were determined in renal tissues. Our findings demonstrated that MCP treatment reduced blood glucose levels, renal histological damage, and restored kidney weight and kidney function tests. Additionally, MCP reduced malondialdehyde level and restored glutathione level, and catalase activity. MCP demonstrated a notable reduction in inflammatory and apoptosis mediators TNF-α, iNOS, TGF-βRII and caspase-3. Overall, MCP could alleviate renal injury in an experimental model of DN by suppressing renal oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahmoud A Elrehany
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Mina, Egypt
| | - Eman M Othman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 65111, Minia, Egypt E-mail: amany
- Cancer Therapy Research Center, Biochemistry Department -I, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Bioinformatics Department, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Amany A Bekhit
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 65111, Minia, Egypt E-mail: amany
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Muhammed TM, Jalil AT, Taher WM, Aminov Z, Alsaikhan F, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Ramaiah P, Farhood B. The Effects of Apigenin in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review of Non-clinical Studies. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:341-354. [PMID: 38282447 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230811092423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes is one of the important and growing diseases in the world. Among the most common diabetic complications are renal adverse effects. The use of apigenin may prevent the development and progression of diabetes-related injuries. The current study aims to review the effects of apigenin in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS In this review, a systematic search was performed based on PRISMA guidelines for obtaining all relevant studies on "the effects of apigenin against diabetic nephropathy" in various electronic databases up to September 2022. Ninety-one articles were obtained and screened in accordance with the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven eligible articles were finally included in this review. RESULTS The experimental findings revealed that hyperglycemia led to the decreased cell viability of kidney cells and body weight loss and an increased kidney weight of rats; however, apigenin administration had a reverse effect on these evaluated parameters. It was also found that hyperglycemia could induce alterations in the biochemical and renal function-related parameters as well as histopathological injuries in kidney cells or tissue; in contrast, the apigenin administration could ameliorate the hyperglycemia-induced renal adverse effects. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the use of apigenin could mitigate diabetes-induced renal adverse effects, mainly through its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Since the findings of this study are based on experimental studies, suggesting the use of apigenin (as a nephroprotective agent) against diabetic nephropathy requires further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thikra Majid Muhammed
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Sciences, University of Fallujah, Al-anbar, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Waam Mohammed Taher
- National University of Science and Technology, Thi Qar University, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Zafar Aminov
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare management, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, 103 Makhtumkuli Str., Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Antioquia, 4440555, Colombia
- Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Cvenca, Ecuador
| | | | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Hong Y, Wang J, Sun W, Zhang L, Xu X, Zhang K. Gallic acid improves the metformin effects on diabetic kidney disease in mice. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2183726. [PMID: 37723077 PMCID: PMC9987773 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2183726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metformin is an antidiabetic agent that is used as the first-line treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gallic acid is a type of phenolic acid that has been shown to be a potential drug candidate to treat diabetic kidney disease, an important complication of diabetes. We aimed to test whether a combination of gallic acid and metformin can exert synergetic effect on diabetic kidney disease in diabetic mice model. METHODS Streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection was used to induce diabetic kidney disease in mice. The diabetic mice were treated with saline (Vehicle), gallic acid (GA) (30 mg/kg), metformin (MET) (200 mg/kg), or the combination of gallic acid (30 mg/kg) and metformin (200 mg/kg) (GA + MET). RESULTS Our results demonstrated that compared to the untreated diabetic mice, all three strategies (GA, MET, and GA + MET) exhibited various effects on improving renal morphology and functions, reducing oxidative stress in kidney tissues, and restoring AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) signaling in kidney tissues of diabetic mice. Notably, the combination strategy (GA + MET) provided the most potent renal protection effects than any single strategies (GA or MET). CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that gallic acid might serve as a potential supplement to metformin to enhance the therapeutical effect of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuefang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangnan University Medical Center (JUMC), Wuxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Affiliated Wuxi Clinical College of Nantong University, Wuxi, China
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SS-31, a Mitochondria-Targeting Peptide, Ameliorates Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1295509. [PMID: 35707274 PMCID: PMC9192202 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1295509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for eukaryotic cell activity and function, and their dysfunction is associated with the development and progression of renal diseases. In recent years, there has been a rapid development in mitochondria-targeting pharmacological strategies as mitochondrial biogenesis, morphology, and function, as well as dynamic changes in mitochondria, have been studied in disease states. Mitochondria-targeting drugs include nicotinamide mononucleotide, which supplements the NAD+ pool; mitochondria-targeted protective compounds, such as MitoQ; the antioxidant coenzyme, Q10; and cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. However, traditional drugs targeting mitochondria have limited clinical applications due to their inability to be effectively absorbed by mitochondria in vivo and their high toxicity. Recently, SS-31, a mitochondria-targeting antioxidant, has received significant research attention as it decreases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and prevents mitochondrial depolarization, mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation, and Ca2+-induced mitochondrial swelling, and has no effects on normal mitochondria. At present, few studies have evaluated the effects of SS-31 against renal diseases, and the mechanism underlying its action is unclear. In this review, we first discuss the pharmacokinetics of SS-31 and the possible mechanisms underlying its protective effects against renal diseases. Then, we analyze its renal disease-improving effects in various experimental models, including animal and cell models, and summarize the clinical evidence of its benefits in renal disease treatment. Finally, the potential mechanism underlying the action of SS-31 against renal diseases is explored to lay a foundation for future preclinical studies and for the evaluation of its clinical applications.
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Ye H, Yan J, Wang Q, Tian H, Zhou L. The protective effects of cabozantinib against high glucose-induced damages in in vitro renal glomerular endothelial cells model via inhibition of early growth response-1 (Egr-1). Bioengineered 2022; 13:10605-10616. [PMID: 35441585 PMCID: PMC9161968 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2063667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cabozantinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-tumor activity in kidney cancer. However, the efficacy of cabozantinib in other renal diseases has never been reported. Here, we focused on exploring the effect of cabozantinib on diabetic nephropathy (DN). The biofunctions of cabozantinib in human renal glomerular endothelial cells (hGECs) under high glucose conditions have been investigated. We found that cabozantinib ameliorated high glucose-induced oxidative stress in hGECs with decreased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity. Cabozantinib ameliorated high glucose-induced reduction in the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in hGECs. It also suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemokine protein 1 (MCP-1), against high glucose exposure in hGECs. Cabozantinib reduced the expression of early growth response-1 (Egr-1) in high glucose-treated hGECs, while Egr-1 overexpression abolished the protective effects of cabozantinib against high glucose in hGECs. In conclusion, cabozantinib protected hGECs from high glucose-induced oxidative stress, NO deficiency, and inflammation via regulating Egr-1. These findings suggest that cabozantinib might be used as an adjuvant to control DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlu Ye
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingjing Yan
- Respiratory Department Attending Surgeon, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Respiratory Department Attending Surgeon, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Nephrology Department Attending Surgeon, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
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AlMousa LA, AlFaris NA, Alshammari GM, Alsayadi MM, ALTamimi JZ, Alagal RI, Yahya MA. Rumex nervosus could alleviate streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats by activating Nrf2 signaling. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221102751. [PMID: 35619568 PMCID: PMC10358522 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221102751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the protective effect of Rumex nervous (R. nervosus) methanol extract against streptozotocin (STZ)-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)-induced nephropathy in rats and examined if this protection involves activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor-2 (Nrf2). Rats were divided into control, R. nervous (300 mg), STZ (T1DM), STZ + R. nervosus (100, 200, or 300 mg/kg), and STZ + R. nervosus (300 mg/kg) + brusatol (an Nrf2 inhibitor). With no effect on fasting glucose and insulin levels, R. nervosus methanol extract preserved kidney histological structure and alterations kidney function markers (e.g. albumin, creatinine, and urine volume) in the STZ-diabetic rats. R. nervosus also reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukine-6 (IL-6), nuclear levels of the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB), and mRNA of caspase-3 and Bax in the kidneys of these diabetic rats. Concomitantly, it stimulated renal mRNA levels of Bcl2 and Nrf2, cytoplasmic and nuclear levels of Nrf2, and levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). All these effects were dose-dependent, with the maximum effect seen with the 300 mg/kg dose, all prevented by brusatol. Also, these effects occurred without any alteration in the transcription of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap-1). Similar effects on levels of GSH, SOD, CAT, and NF-κB, as well as expression of Nrf2, were also observed in the kidney of control + R. nervous-treated rats. In conclusion, R. nervosus prevents diabetic nephropathy in rats by upregulating and activating Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujain A AlMousa
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A AlFaris
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneer M Alsayadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Jozaa Z ALTamimi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham I Alagal
- Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Physical Sport Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kovačević M, Mališ S, Pavlović D, Kovačević M, Savić Radojević A, Djukanović L. Plasma activity of the antioxidant enzymes in predicting diabetic nephropathy progression. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 54:1365-1372. [PMID: 34657239 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-03031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to examine whether biomarkers of oxidative stress are predictors of diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression. METHODS The study involved 45 patients with type 2 diabetes and DN and 15 healthy controls. Patients were followed for 3 years and the annual percentage change in eGFR was used to estimate the progression of DN. Patients with an annual percentage change in eGFR above the cutoff value of - 5.48%/year were classified in group 1, those with an annual percentage change in eGFR ≤ - 5.48%/year in group 2. RESULTS The 28 patients in group 1 had the annual percentage change in eGFR of - 4.78 and 39.12%/year, and for the 17 patients in group 2 it ranged from - 24.86 to - 6.18%/year. At the onset of the study no significant differences were found between the groups in demographic, clinical or laboratory parameters. Plasma activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly lower in patients than in the controls. During 3-year study kidney function and size changed insignificantly in group 1, while eGFR and kidney size decreased and proteinuria increased significantly in group 2. Multivariate linear regression analysis selected male gender, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, fasting serum glucose, urine protein/creatinine ratio as factors associated with DN progression. Plasma activity of GPX and SOD were selected as positive predictors of annual percentage change in eGFR. CONCLUSION Besides already known factors, plasma activity of GPX and SOD were found to be significant independent predictors of DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Kovačević
- University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Medicine, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department for Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Snežana Mališ
- University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Medicine, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department for Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragana Pavlović
- University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Medicine, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department for Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Maksim Kovačević
- University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Medicine, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department for Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ana Savić Radojević
- University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Dr Subotića starijeg 8, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljubica Djukanović
- University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Dr Subotića starijeg 8, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Naomi R, Bahari H, Yazid MD, Othman F, Zakaria ZA, Hussain MK. Potential Effects of Sweet Potato ( Ipomoea batatas) in Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia-A Systematic Review in Diabetic Retinopathy Context. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10816. [PMID: 34639164 PMCID: PMC8509747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is a condition with high glucose levels that may result in dyslipidemia. In severe cases, this alteration may lead to diabetic retinopathy. Numerous drugs have been approved by officials to treat these conditions, but usage of any synthetic drugs in the long term will result in unavoidable side effects such as kidney failure. Therefore, more emphasis is being placed on natural ingredients due to their bioavailability and absence of side effects. In regards to this claim, promising results have been witnessed in the usage of Ipomoea batatas (I. batatas) in treating the hyperglycemic and dyslipidemic condition. Thus, the aim of this paper is to conduct an overview of the reported effects of I. batatas focusing on in vitro and in vivo trials in reducing high glucose levels and regulating the dyslipidemic condition. A comprehensive literature search was performed using Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Nature, and PubMed databases to identify the potential articles on particular topics. The search query was accomplished based on the Boolean operators involving keywords such as (1) Beneficial effect OR healing OR intervention AND (2) sweet potato OR Ipomoea batatas OR traditional herb AND (3) blood glucose OR LDL OR lipid OR cholesterol OR dyslipidemia. Only articles published from 2011 onwards were selected for further analysis. This review includes the (1) method of intervention and the outcome (2) signaling mechanism involved (3) underlying mechanism of action, and the possible side effects observed based on the phytoconstiuents isolated. The comprehensive literature search retrieved a total of 2491 articles using the appropriate keywords. However, on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 23 articles were chosen for further review. The results from these articles indicate that I. batatas has proven to be effective in treating the hyperglycemic condition and is able to regulate dyslipidemia. Therefore, this systematic review summarizes the signaling mechanism, mechanism of action, and phytoconstituents responsible for those activities of I. batatas in treating hyperglycemic based on the in vitro and in vivo study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.N.); (H.B.)
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.N.); (H.B.)
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Fezah Othman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia;
- Halal Product Development Unit, Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Khairi Hussain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
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Li Y, Guo S, Yang F, Liu L, Chen Z. Huayu Tongluo Recipe Attenuates Renal Oxidative Stress and Inflammation through the Activation of AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Streptozotocin- (STZ-) Induced Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:5873007. [PMID: 34367305 PMCID: PMC8337136 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5873007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe microvascular complication of diabetes, is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease. Huayu Tongluo Recipe (HTR) has been widely used in the clinical treatment of DN in China, and its efficacy is reliable. This study aimed to explore the renoprotective effect of HTR and the underlying mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with high sugar and fat diet combined with an intraperitoneal injection of STZ to establish the diabetic model. Rats in each group were respectively given drinking water, HTR, and irbesartan by gavage for 16 weeks. 24-hour urine samples were collected every 4 weeks to detect the content of total protein and 8-OHdG. Blood samples were taken to detect biochemical indicators and inflammatory markers at the end of 16th week. Renal tissue was collected to investigate pathological changes and to detect oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway and fibrosis-related proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and western blot. 24h urine total protein (24h UTP), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were decreased in the rats treated with HTR, while there was no noticeable change of blood glucose. HTR administration decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in kidneys, complying with reduced 8-OHdG in the urine. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MCP1 and the expression of nuclear NFκB were also lower after HTR treatment. Furthermore, HTR alleviated pathological renal injury and reduced the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Besides, HTR enhanced the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling and increased the expression of HO-1 while it inhibited the Nox4/TGF-β1 signaling in the kidneys of STZ-induced diabetic rats. HTR can inhibit renal oxidative stress and inflammation to reduce ECM accumulation and protect the kidney through activating the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Li
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Lifei Liu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
- Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
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10
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He X, Kuang G, Zuo Y, Li S, Zhou S, Ou C. The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Diabetic Nephropathy-Related Oxidative Stress. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:626423. [PMID: 33959621 PMCID: PMC8093385 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.626423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the main complications of diabetes and the main cause of diabetic end-stage renal disease, which is often fatal. DN is usually characterized by progressive renal interstitial fibrosis, which is closely related to the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix and oxidative stress. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules expressed in eukaryotic cells that are not translated into proteins. They are widely involved in the regulation of biological processes, such as, chromatin remodeling, transcription, post-transcriptional modification, and signal transduction. Recent studies have shown that ncRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of DN and participate in the regulation of oxidative stress in DN. This review clarifies the functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs in DN-related oxidative stress, providing valuable insights into the prevention, early diagnosis, and molecular therapeutic targets of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun He
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoyan Kuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shuangxi Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Suxian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Xi XJ, Chen SH, Mi H. Aldh2 gene reduces oxidative stress in the bladder by regulating the NF-κB pathway in a mouse model of ketamine-induced cystitis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:111. [PMID: 33005240 PMCID: PMC7523278 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (aldh2) serves an important role in the development of organ injury. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of aldh2 on the oxidative stress response in a mouse model of ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC). A total of 60 8-week-old male Institute of Cancer Research wild-type (WT) mice and 45 aldh2 knock-out (KO) mice were randomized to receive low-dose ketamine (30 mg/kg), high-dose ketamine (60 mg/kg) or normal saline (controls). At 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-injection, bladder tissues were harvested and used to investigate the protective mechanisms of aldh2 on bladder function. The results demonstrated that aldh2 KO mice exhibited significant weight loss following chronic ketamine injection compared with that in WT mice. Furthermore, ketamine treatment increased the urination rate (P<0.05), pathological score (P<0.05), levels of the oxidative stress product malondialdehyde (P<0.05) in addition to reducing the expression of the anti-oxidative stress enzyme superoxide dismutase (P<0.05) and glutathione-SH (P<0.05). Oxidative stress in aldh2 KO mice was also found to significantly enhance the expression of proteins associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway, which promoted the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (P<0.05) and cyclooxygenase-2 (P<0.05) further. Finally, aldh2 KO mice demonstrated higher severity of fibrosis in the submucosal and muscular layers of the bladder. In conclusion, the present study suggests that aldh2 serves a protective role in preventing inflammation and fibrosis in KIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jian Xi
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Shao Hua Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hua Mi
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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12
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Hu H, Li W, Liu M, Xiong J, Li Y, Wei Y, Huang C, Tang Y. C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein-9 Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy and Kidney Fibrosis in db/db Mice. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:938-948. [PMID: 32283037 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix leading to early thickening of glomerular and tubular basement membrane. C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein-9 (CTRP9) was recently identified as an adiponectin paralog of superior prominence. CTRP9 is an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasodilation and atheroprotective adipose cytokine that share a similar metabolic regulatory function as adiponectin. Additionally, CTRP9 inhibits apoptosis of endothelial cells, decreases blood glucose level, and increases insulin sensitivity. However, the renoprotective effects of CTRP9 and the underlying molecular mechanisms in DN have not been explored. This study examined the effects of CTRP9 on DN in diabetic db/db mice through adenovirus-mediated overexpression. From the results, CTRP9 ameliorated renal dysfunction and injury at the structural and functional level in diabetic db/db mice. Additionally, CTRP9 inhibited glomerular and tubular glycogen accumulation, fibrosis, relieved hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress, and apoptosis. This is the first study to report on therapeutic effects of CTRP9 on DN, presenting a potentially effective clinical treatment method for DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Hu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Mingxin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiarui Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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13
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Figueiredo ID, Lima TFO, Inácio MD, Costa MC, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Baviera AM. Lycopene Improves the Metformin Effects on Glycemic Control and Decreases Biomarkers of Glycoxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:3117-3135. [PMID: 32982345 PMCID: PMC7495351 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s265944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress and exacerbated generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) participate in the onset of diabetic complications. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant; evidence accounts for its ability to mitigate diabetic disturbances, including the deleterious events of advanced glycation. Therefore, this carotenoid has emerged as a candidate to be used in combination with antidiabetic drugs, such as metformin, attempting to counteract the glycoxidative stress. This study investigated the effects of the treatments with lycopene or metformin, alone or in combination, on glycoxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant defenses in diabetic rats. METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated for 35 days with lycopene (45 mg/kg) or metformin (250 mg/kg), alone or as mixtures in yoghurt. Plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl groups (biomarkers of oxidative damage), fluorescent AGEs (biomarkers of advanced glycation), and paraoxonase 1 activity (antioxidant enzyme) were assessed. Changes in the hepatic and renal levels of glycoxidative damage biomarkers and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were investigated. RESULTS The combination of lycopene with metformin maintained the beneficial effects of the isolated treatments, improving the glucose tolerance and lipid profile, lessening biomarkers of oxidative damage, and increasing the paraoxonase 1 activity. Besides, the combined therapy caused further decreases in postprandial glycemia, plasma levels of cholesterol and AGEs, avoided lipid peroxidation (plasma, kidney), and increased antioxidant defenses, mainly the activity of superoxide dismutase (liver, kidney), indicating the maintenance of the lycopene effects. CONCLUSION Lycopene combined with metformin may act synergistically in the control of postprandial glycemia, dyslipidemia and glycoxidative stress, as well as increased antioxidant defenses, arising as a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Delbone Figueiredo
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayra Ferreira Oliveira Lima
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maiara Destro Inácio
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Campos Costa
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Correspondence: Amanda Martins Baviera Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University Rodovia Araraquara Jaú, Km 01 – s/n, Campos Ville, Araraquara, São PauloCEP 14800-903, BrazilTel +55 16 3301 5717Fax +55 16 3322 0073 Email
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14
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Mok JX, Ooi JH, Ng KY, Koh RY, Chye SM. A new prospective on the role of melatonin in diabetes and its complications. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2019; 40:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2019-0036/hmbci-2019-0036.xml. [PMID: 31693492 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2019-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland under the control of the circadian rhythm, and is released in the dark and suppressed during the day. In the past decades, melatonin has been considered to be used in the treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM). This is due to a functional inter-relationship between melatonin and insulin. Elevated oxidative stress is a feature found in DM associated with diabetic neuropathy (DN), retinopathy (DR), nephropathy and cardiovascular disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen oxidative species (NOS) are usually produced in massive amounts via glucose and lipid peroxidation, and this leads to diabetic complications. At the molecular level, ROS causes damage to the biomolecules and triggers apoptosis. Melatonin, as an antioxidant and a free radical scavenger, ameliorates oxidative stress caused by ROS and NOS. Besides that, melatonin administration is proven to bring other anti-DM effects such as reducing cellular apoptosis and promoting the production of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xin Mok
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,University of Otago, Dunedin School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Medical Laboratory Science, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Jack Hau Ooi
- International Medical University, School of Health Science, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Khuen Yen Ng
- Monash University Malaysia, School of Pharmacy, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- International Medical University, School of Health Science, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- International Medical University, School of Health Science, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.,School of Health Science, Division of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Phone: +60-3-27317220, Fax: +06-3-86567229
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15
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Bai J, Wang Y, Zhu X, Shi J. Eriodictyol inhibits high glucose-induced extracellular matrix accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in human glomerular mesangial cells. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2775-2782. [PMID: 31373419 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus. The progression of DN has been found to be associated with high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes mellitus. Eriodictyol is a flavonoid that possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effect of eriodictyol on DN remains unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the role of eriodictyol in mesangial cells (MCs) in response to HG condition. The results showed that eriodictyol repressed cell proliferation of HG-stimulated MCs. Treatment with eriodictyol attenuated oxidative stress, which was evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase activity as well as decreased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde. Besides, eriodictyol suppressed the expressions of two NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms, NOX2 and NOX4, which are responsible for the generation of ROS. Eriodictyol suppressed the production of extracellular matrix proteins including fibronectin and Collagen IV, as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in HG-induced MCs. Moreover, the HG-induced activation of Akt/NF-κB pathway was mitigated by eriodictyol. In conclusion, eriodictyol protected MCs from HG stimulation though inhibition of Akt/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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16
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Cheng Y, Liu C, Cui Y, Lv T, Guo Y, Liang J, Qian H. Sporidiobolus pararoseuswall-broken powder ameliorates oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy in type-2 diabetic mice by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8394-8403. [PMID: 35518685 PMCID: PMC9061701 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10484k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STZ-induced diabetic mice are given a high-fat diet and SPP, which is a rich source of β-carotene, γ-carotene, torulene and torularhodin. The result indicated SPP can ameliorate diabetic nephropathyviaactivating Nrf2/ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Yan Cui
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing
- Key Laboratory of Preservation Engineering of Agricultural Products
- Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Ningbo 315040
- China
| | - Tianqi Lv
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Yahui Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
| | - Jun Liang
- Guangzhou GRE Metrology & Test Co., Ltd
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - He Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
- Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition
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17
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Chemistry, Biological, and Pharmacological Properties of Gum Arabic. BIOACTIVE MOLECULES IN FOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78030-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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18
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Tominaga T, Sharma I, Fujita Y, Doi T, Wallner AK, Kanwar YS. Myo-inositol oxygenase accentuates renal tubular injury initiated by endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 316:F301-F315. [PMID: 30539651 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00534.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides oxidant stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various metabolic disorders affecting the kidney. These two forms of stresses are not mutually exclusive to each other and may operate by a feedback loop in worsening the cellular injury. To attest to this contention, studies were performed to assess whether in such a setting, there is worsening of tubulointerstitial injury. We employed tunicamycin as a model of ER stress and used tubular cells and mice overexpressing myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX), an enzyme involved in glycolytic events with excessive generation of ROS. Concomitant treatment of tunicamycin and transfection of cells with MIOX-pcDNA led to a marked generation of ROS, which was reduced by MIOX-siRNA. Likewise, an accentuated expression of ER stress sensors, GRP78, XBP1, and CHOP, was observed, which was reduced with MIOX-siRNA. These sensors were markedly elevated in MIOX-TG mice compared with WT treated with tunicamycin. This was accompanied with marked deterioration of tubular morphology, along with impairment of renal functions. Interestingly, minimal damage and elevation of ER stressors was observed in MIOX-KO mice. Downstream events that were more adversely affected in MIOX-TG mice included accentuated expression of proapoptogenic proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, and extracellular matrix constituents, although expression of these molecules was unaffected in MIOX-KO mice. Also, their tunicamycin-induced accentuated expression in tubular cells was notably reduced with MIOX-siRNA. These studies suggest that the biology of MIOX-induced oxidant stress and tunicamycin-induced ER stress are interlinked, and both of the events may feed into each other to amplify the tubulointerstitial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Tominaga
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Isha Sharma
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yui Fujita
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Toshio Doi
- Department of Nephrology, Tokushima University , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Aryana K Wallner
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
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19
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Hong YA, Lim JH, Kim MY, Kim Y, Park HS, Kim HW, Choi BS, Chang YS, Kim HW, Kim TY, Park CW. Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Attenuates Renal Oxidative Stress Through the Activation of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1543-1561. [PMID: 29020797 PMCID: PMC6909782 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We evaluated whether extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) has a renoprotective effect through activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in diabetic kidneys. RESULTS Human recombinant EC-SOD (hEC-SOD) was administered to 8-week-old male C57BLKS/J db/db mice through intraperitoneal injection once a week for 8 weeks. Renal SOD3 expression was suppressed in db/db mice, which was significantly enhanced by hEC-SOD treatment. hEC-SOD improved albuminuria, mesangial expansion, and interstitial fibrosis in db/db mice. At the molecular level, hEC-SOD increased phosphorylation of AMPK, activation of peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and dephosphorylation of forkhead box O transcription factor (FoxO)1 and FoxO3a. The protective effects of hEC-SOD were attributed to enhanced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and subsequently increased expression of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 and heme oxygenase-1. Consequently, hEC-SOD recovered from systemic and renal inflammation and apoptosis, as reflected by the decreases of serum and renal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels and increases of BCL-2/BAX ratio in diabetic kidney. hEC-SOD also improved oxidative stress and resulted in increased renal and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane levels in db/db mice. In cultured human glomerular endothelial cells, hEC-SOD ameliorated apoptosis and oxidative stress caused by high glucose exposure through activation of AMPK and PGC-1α and dephosphorylation of FoxOs. INNOVATION These findings demonstrated for the first time that EC-SOD can potentially ameliorate hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation through activation of AMPK and its downstream pathways in diabetic kidneys. CONCLUSIONS EC-SOD is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of type 2 DN through intrarenal AMPK-PGC-1α-Nrf2 and AMPK-FoxOs signaling. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1543-1561.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ah Hong
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Lim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaeni Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Suk Park
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Soon Choi
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sik Chang
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kim
- 2 Department of Rehabilitation, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yoon Kim
- 3 Department of Dermatology, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Hou Y, Shi Y, Han B, Liu X, Qiao X, Qi Y, Wang L. The antioxidant peptide SS31 prevents oxidative stress, downregulates CD36 and improves renal function in diabetic nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 33:1908-1918. [PMID: 30388276 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjuan Hou
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baosheng Han
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xuqian Liu
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Mucosa, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xi Qiao
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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21
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Yang D, Livingston MJ, Liu Z, Dong G, Zhang M, Chen JK, Dong Z. Autophagy in diabetic kidney disease: regulation, pathological role and therapeutic potential. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:669-688. [PMID: 28871310 PMCID: PMC5771948 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease, a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, has become a serious public health problem worldwide and lacks effective therapies. Autophagy is a highly conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that removes protein aggregates and damaged organelles to maintain cellular homeostasis. As important stress-responsive machinery, autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Emerging evidence has suggested that dysregulated autophagy may contribute to both glomerular and tubulointerstitial pathologies in kidneys under diabetic conditions. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease and highlights the regulation of autophagy by the nutrient-sensing pathways and intracellular stress signaling in this disease. The advances in our understanding of autophagy in diabetic kidney disease will facilitate the discovery of a new therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of this life-threatening diabetes complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Man J Livingston
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guie Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jian-Kang Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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22
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Hu J, Xue P, Mao X, Xie L, Li G, You Z. SUMO1/UBC9‑decreased Nox1 activity inhibits reactive oxygen species generation and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1690-1698. [PMID: 29138839 PMCID: PMC5780112 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an increasing global health concern that causes vision loss and blindness. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be a principal cause of DR. An important source of ROS is the oxidization of NADPH. In the present study, NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1)-expressing human retinal epithelial cell (HREC) lines were generated and infected with small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO1) and/or ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 I (UBC9) lentiviral pGMLV constructs. The viabilities, apoptotic capacities and ROS production levels of the HREC lines were quantified using Hoechst 33258, annexin V/propidium iodide and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assays, respectively. Additionally, rat DR models were established. From these models, the apoptotic capacities of retinal tissues were visualized using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays, and the pathologies were evaluated. The mRNA and protein expression levels of SUMO1, UBC9 and Nox1 were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses, respectively. Compared with controls, the relative mRNA levels of SUMO1 and UBC9 were significantly upregulated, and the Nox1 levels significantly downregulated, in cells infected with SUMO1 or UBC9 alone or in combination. The ROS production and apoptosis rates of cells and retinal tissues were decreased. In addition, pathological symptoms in DR tissues improved when they were simultaneously transfected with SUMO1 and UBC9 via intraocular injection. In conclusion, the SUMO1/UBC9 axis may regulate Nox1-mediated DR by inhibiting ROS generation and apoptosis in rat and cellular model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoli Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinbang Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng You
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Hong Y, Peng J, Cai X, Zhang X, Liao Y, Lan L. Clinical Efficacy of Alprostadil Combined with α-lipoic Acid in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy. Open Med (Wars) 2017; 12:323-327. [PMID: 29043297 PMCID: PMC5639393 DOI: 10.1515/med-2017-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect and toxicity of alprostadil combined with thioctic acid injection in the treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods Sixty two patients with DN were included in this study and randomly divided into control group (n=32) and experiment group (n=30). Patients in the control group were given alprostadil 20ug+NS 100ml ivgtt, qd and patients in the experiment group were given alprostadil 20ug+NS 100ml ivgtt combined with thioctic acid injection of 0.45g+100ml ivgtt, qd for 14 days. After treatment, the renal function and serum level of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were compared between the two groups. Results After two weeks of treatment, the serum level of CysC and UAER significant decreased for both control and experiment group with statistical difference of p<0.05. After treatment, the serum level of CysC were 1.40 ±0.46 mg/L and 1.02±0.33 for control and experiment group respectively (p<0.05). The post-treatment UAER in experiment group was significantly lower than those of control group with statistical difference (81.02±0.33 vs112.45±20.32, p<0.05) ug/min. The serum level of CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased after treatment for both control and experiment group (p<0.05). And the post-treatment serum CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α in experiment group were significantly lower than those of control group with statistical difference (p<0.05). No significant side effects were found for the two groupsin the course of treatment. Conclusion Alprostadil combined with α-lipoic acid may improve renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy by decreasing the levels of serum inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, The fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, LishuiZhejiang Province 323000, PR China
| | - Jianyun Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, People's Hospital of Lishui City, LishuiZhejiang Province 323000, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Cai
- Department of Respiratory, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, People's Hospital, Lishui City, ZhejiangChina
| | - Xiaoru Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, People's Hospital of Lishui City, LishuiZhejiang Province 323000, PR China
| | - Yifei Liao
- Department of Nephrology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, People's Hospital of Lishui City, LishuiZhejiang Province 323000, PR China
| | - Lejian Lan
- Department of Nephrology, The sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, People's Hospital of Lishui City, LishuiZhejiang Province 323000, PR China
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Pal PB, Sonowal H, Shukla K, Srivastava SK, Ramana KV. Aldose Reductase Mediates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Initiated Innate Immune Response in Hyperglycemia-Induced Thp1 Monocytes and Male Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:3661-3675. [PMID: 28938395 PMCID: PMC5659696 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent studies that show oxidative stress-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated innate immune response in various diabetic complications, the mechanism by which ROS activate innate immune response is not well understood. We have shown previously that aldose reductase (AR), besides reducing glucose, reduces lipid aldehydes and their glutathione conjugates and participates in various oxidative stress-induced inflammatory pathways. To understand the role of AR in ROS-induced innate immune response, we have investigated the mechanism(s) by which AR activates hyperglycemia-induced NLRP3 inflammsome-initiated innate immune response in Thp1 monocytes and in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. In Thp1 monocytes, inhibition or ablation of AR prevented high-glucose-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1 and release of the innate immune cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. AR inhibition in Thp1 cells also prevented the high-glucose-induced generation of ROS, influx of Ca2+, efflux of K+, and activation of Lyn, Syk, and PI3K. Furthermore, the AR inhibitor fidarestat prevented the expression of NLRP inflammasome components in STZ-induced diabetic mouse heart and aorta, and also prevented the release of various cytokines in the serum. Collectively, our data suggest that AR regulates hyperglycemia-induced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated innate immune response by altering the ROS/Lyn/Syk/PI3K/Ca2+/K+ signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pabitra B. Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Himangshu Sonowal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Kirtikar Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Satish K. Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Kota V. Ramana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
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Giribabu N, Karim K, Kilari EK, Salleh N. Phyllanthus niruri leaves aqueous extract improves kidney functions, ameliorates kidney oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis and enhances kidney cell proliferation in adult male rats with diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 205:123-137. [PMID: 28483637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phylanthus niruri has been used to treat ailments related to the urogenital organs. In this study, this herb was hypothesized to help to ameliorate kidney disease in diabetes mellitus (DM). AIMS To investigate P. niruri leaves aqueous extract (PN) effects on kidney functions, histopathological changes and levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis and proliferation in DM. METHODS PN was orally administered to streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced male diabetic rats for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and kidney functions were measured. Kidney somatic index, histopathological changes and levels of RAGE, Nrf2, oxidative stress markers (TBARS, SOD, CAT and GPx), inflammatory markers (NFkβ-p65, Ikk-β, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), apoptosis markers (caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax), fibrosis markers (TGF-β1, VEGF and FGF-1) and proliferative markers (PCNA and Ki-67) were determined by biochemical assays, qPCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence. RESULTS Administration of PN helps to maintain near normal FBG, creatinine clearance (CCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), BUN/Cr ratio, serum electrolytes, uric acid and urine protein levels in DM. Decreased RAGE, TBARS and increased Nrf2, SOD-1, CAT and GPx-1 were observed in PN-treated diabetic rat kidneys. Expression of inflammatory, fibrosis and apoptosis markers in the kidney reduced but expression of proliferative markers increased following PN treatment. Lesser histopathological changes were observed in the kidney of PN-treated diabetic rats. CONCLUSION PN helps to preserve near normal kidney function and prevents histopathological changes via ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis while enhancing proliferation of the kidney in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Giribabu
- Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kamarulzaman Karim
- Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eswar Kumar Kilari
- Pharmacology Division, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Malik S, Suchal K, Khan SI, Bhatia J, Kishore K, Dinda AK, Arya DS. Apigenin ameliorates streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats via MAPK-NF-κB-TNF-α and TGF-β1-MAPK-fibronectin pathways. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F414-F422. [PMID: 28566504 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00393.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a microvascular complication of diabetes, has emerged as an important health problem worldwide. There is strong evidence to suggest that oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis play a pivotal role in the progression of DN. Apigenin has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antifibrotic, as well as antidiabetic properties. Hence, we evaluated whether apigenin halts the development and progression of DN in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male albino Wistar rats were divided into control, diabetic control, and apigenin treatment groups (5-20 mg/kg po, respectively), apigenin per se (20 mg/kg po), and ramipril treatment group (2 mg/kg po). A single injection of STZ (55 mg/kg ip) was administered to all of the groups except control and per se groups to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus. Rats with fasting blood glucose >250 mg/dl were included in the study and randomized to different groups. Thereafter, the protocol was continued for 8 mo in all of the groups. Apigenin (20 mg/kg) treatment attenuated renal dysfunction, oxidative stress, and fibrosis (decreased transforming growth factor-β1, fibronectin, and type IV collagen) in the diabetic rats. It also significantly prevented MAPK activation, which inhibited inflammation (reduced TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB expression) and apoptosis (increased expression of Bcl-2 and decreased Bax and caspase-3). Furthermore, histopathological examination demonstrated reduced inflammation, collagen deposition, and glomerulosclerosis in the renal tissue. In addition, all of these changes were comparable with those produced by ramipril. Hence, apigenin ameliorated renal damage due to DN by suppressing oxidative stress and fibrosis and by inhibiting MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; and
| | - Kapil Suchal
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; and
| | - Sana Irfan Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; and
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; and
| | - Kamal Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; and
| | - Amit Kumar Dinda
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; and
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Ahmed S, Mundhe N, Borgohain M, Chowdhury L, Kwatra M, Bolshette N, Ahmed A, Lahkar M. Diosmin Modulates the NF-kB Signal Transduction Pathways and Downregulation of Various Oxidative Stress Markers in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy. Inflammation 2017; 39:1783-97. [PMID: 27492452 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress plays an imperative role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. NF-kB is an important transcription factor in eukaryotes which regulates a diverse array of cellular process, including inflammation, immunological response, apoptosis, growth and development. Increased expression of NF-kB plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases including diabetic nephropathy. Hence, the present study was designed to explore the nephroprotective nature of diosmin by assessing the various biochemical parameters, markers of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine levels in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Type 2 diabetes was induced in Wistar rats by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight). Seventy-two hours after the conformation of diabetes (blood glucose level ≥ 250 mg/dl), the rats were segregated into four groups, each group having six animals. Diabetic rats were treated with diosmin at a dose of 50 mg and 100 mg/kg body weight respectively. After the 28th day of treatment, rats were sacrificed, blood serum, plasma and kidney tissue were collected for various biochemical analysis. Inflammatory cytokine levels were measured through ELISA kit. Diosmin treatment produces significant reduction in the blood glucose and plasma insulin level and increases the body weight when compared with diabetic rats. Elevated level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrease levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) were significantly restored after 28 days of diosmin treatment. Diosmin treatment group also restores the normal architecture of the kidney tissue which was confirmed by histopathological examination. Moreover, oral administration of diosmin shows a significant normalization in the level of NF-kB, proving its pivotal role in maintaining renal function. The above ameliorative effects were more pronounced with diosmin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The above results permit us to conclude that treatment with diosmin halts hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress and decline in pro-inflammatory cytokines and thus has beneficial anti-diabetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahabuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India.
| | - Nitin Mundhe
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India
| | - Manash Borgohain
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India
| | - Liakat Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India
| | - Mohit Kwatra
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India
| | - Nityanand Bolshette
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India
| | - Anwaruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560074, India
| | - Mangala Lahkar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Bhangagarh, Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, 781032, India
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Lindberg E, Winssinger N. High Spatial Resolution Imaging of Endogenous Hydrogen Peroxide in Living Cells by Solid-State Fluorescence. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1612-5. [PMID: 27271247 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe selective imaging of hydrogen peroxide using a precipitating dye conjugated to a boronic acid-based immolative linker. We achieved visualization of endogenous hydrogen peroxide in phagosomes by solid-state two-photon fluorescence imaging in living cells with exceptionally high spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lindberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
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29
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Ahmed AA, Fedail JS, Musa HH, Kamboh AA, Sifaldin AZ, Musa TH. Gum Arabic extracts protect against hepatic oxidative stress in alloxan induced diabetes in rats. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2015; 22:189-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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30
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Afifi M, Abdelazim AM. Ameliorative effect of zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles on antioxidant system in the brain of diabetic rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Therapeutic potential of digitoflavone on diabetic nephropathy: nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-dependent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26205695 PMCID: PMC4513300 DOI: 10.1038/srep12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has emerged as a therapeutic target in many diseases, because it can induce antioxidant enzymes and other cytoprotective enzymes. Moreover, some Nrf2 activators have strong anti-inflammatory activities. Oxidative stress and inflammation are major components involved in the pathology of diabetic nephropathy. In the present study, we evaluated the Nrf2-dependent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of digitoflavone in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. The molecular mechanisms of digitoflavone were investigated in vitro using SV40-transformed mouse mesangial cells (SV40-Mes13). For the in vivo experiment, diabetes was induced in Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2-/- mice by STZ injection, and digitoflavone was administered 2 weeks after the STZ injection. Digitoflavone induced Nrf2 activation and decreased oxidative damage, inflammation, TGF-β1 expression, extracellular matrix protein expression, and mesangial cell hyperplasia in SV40-Mes13 cells. Digitoflavone-treated Nrf2+/+ mice, but not Nrf2-/- mice, showed attenuated common metabolic disorder symptoms, improved renal performance, minimized pathological alterations, and decreased oxidative damage, inflammatory gene expression, inflammatory cell infiltration, TGF-β1 expression, and extracellular matrix protein expression. Our results show that the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of digitoflavone are mediated by Nrf2 activation and that digitoflavone can be used therapeutically to improve metabolic disorders and relieve renal damage induced by diabetes.
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Liu X, Yang G, Fan Q, Wang L. Proteomic profile in glomeruli of type-2 diabetic KKAy mice using 2-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2705-13. [PMID: 25515740 PMCID: PMC4278697 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. To search for glomerular proteins associated with early-stage DN, glomeruli of spontaneous type 2 diabetic KKAy mice were analyzed by 2-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Material/Methods Glomeruli of 20-week spontaneous type 2 diabetic KKAy mice and age-matched C57BL/6 mice were isolated by kidney perfusion with magnetic beads. Proteomic profiles of glomeruli were investigated by using 2D-DIGE and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Western blot analysis was used to confirm the results of proteomics. Immunohistochemical and semi-quantitative analysis were used to confirm the differential expression of prohibitin and annexin A2 in glomeruli. Results We identified 19 differentially expressed proteins – 17 proteins were significantly up-regulated and 2 proteins were significantly down-regulated in glomeruli of diabetic KKAy mice. Among them, prohibitin and annexin A2 were up-regulated and Western blot analysis validated the same result in proteomics. Immunohistochemical analysis also revealed up-regulation of prohibitin and annexin A2 in glomeruli of KKAy mice. Conclusions Our findings suggest that prohibitin and annexin A2 may be associated with early-stage DN. Further functional research might help to reveal the pathogenesis of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Qiuling Fan
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Lining Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
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Manna K, Khan A, Kr Das D, Bandhu Kesh S, Das U, Ghosh S, Sharma Dey R, Das Saha K, Chakraborty A, Chattopadhyay S, Dey S, Chattopadhyay D. Protective effect of coconut water concentrate and its active component shikimic acid against hydroperoxide mediated oxidative stress through suppression of NF-κB and activation of Nrf2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:132-146. [PMID: 24835026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Conventionally coconut water has been used as an 'excellent hydrating' drink that maintain the electrolyte balance and help in treating diverse ailments related to oxidative stress including liver function. The present study was aimed to elucidate whether and how the coconut water concentrate (CWC) and its major active phytoconstituent shikimic acid (SA) can effectively protect murine hepatocytes from the deleterious effect of hydroperoxide-mediated oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioactivity guided fractionation of CWC resulted in the isolation of a couple of known compounds. Freshly isolated murine hepatocytes were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (1 and 3mM) in the presence or absence of CWC (200 and 400 μg/ml) and SA (40 μM) for the determination of antioxidative, DNA protective, cellular ROS level by modern methods, including immunoblot and flowcytometry to find out the possible mechanism of action. RESULTS Pre-treatment of hepatocyte with CWC and SA showed significant prevention of H2O2-induced intracellular ROS generation, nuclear DNA damage along with the formation of hepatic TBARS and cellular nitrite. Further, the H2O2 induced cell death was arrested in the presence of CWC through the inhibition of CDC42 mediated SAPK/JNK pathways and activation of other molecules of apoptotic pathways, including Bax and caspase3. Moreover, CWC and SA help in maintaining the GSH level and endogenous antioxidants like Mn-SOD, to support intracellular defense mechanisms, probably through the transcriptional activation of Nrf2; and inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-κB. CONCLUSION CWC and its active components SA reversed the H2O2 induced oxidative damage in hepatocytes, probably through the inhibition of NF-κB, with the activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway and reduction of apoptosis by interfering the SAPK/JNK/Bax pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Manna
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Amitava Khan
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipesh Kr Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Swaraj Bandhu Kesh
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Ujjal Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Rakhi Sharma Dey
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College, North 24, Parganas 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindita Chakraborty
- Radiation Biology Division, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700098, West Bengal, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjit Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- ICMR Virus Unit, ID & BG Hospital, GB-4, First Floor, 57 Dr. Suresh C Banerjee Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
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