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Xie X, Fu G, Liu Y, Fan C, Tan S, Huang H, Yan J, Jin L. Hedgehog pathway negatively regulated depleted uranium-induced nephrotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3833-3845. [PMID: 38546377 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Depleted uranium (DU) retains the radiological toxicities, which accumulates preferentially in the kidneys. Hedgehog (Hh) pathway plays a critical role in tissue injury. However, the role of Hh in DU-induced nephrotoxicity was still unclear. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Gli2, which was an important transcription effector of Hh signaling, on DU induced nephrotoxicity. To clarify it, CK19 positive tubular epithelial cells specific Gli2 conditional knockout (KO) mice model was exposed to DU, and then histopathological damage and Hh signaling pathway activation was analyzed. Moreover, HEK-293 T cells were exposed to DU with Gant61 or Gli2 overexpression, and cytotoxicity of DU as analyzed. Results showed that DU caused nephrotoxicity accompanied by activation of Hh signaling pathway. Meanwhile, genetic KO of Gli2 reduced DU-induced nephrotoxicity by normalizing biochemical indicators and reducing Hh pathway activation. Pharmacologic inhibition of Gli1/2 by Gant61 reduced DU induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis, ROS formation and Hh pathway activation. However, overexpression of Gli2 aggravated DU-induced cytotoxicity by increasing the levels of apoptosis and ROS formation. Taken together, these results revealed that Hh signaling negatively regulated DU-inducted nephrotoxicity, and that inhibition of Gli2 might serve as a promising nephroprotective target for DU-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Xie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoquan Fu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caixia Fan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Tan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huarong Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyan Yan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifang Jin
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Liang M, Dickel N, Györfi AH, SafakTümerdem B, Li YN, Rigau AR, Liang C, Hong X, Shen L, Matei AE, Trinh-Minh T, Tran-Manh C, Zhou X, Zehender A, Kreuter A, Zou H, Schett G, Kunz M, Distler JHW. Attenuation of fibroblast activation and fibrosis by adropin in systemic sclerosis. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadd6570. [PMID: 38536934 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add6570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases impose a major socioeconomic challenge on modern societies and have limited treatment options. Adropin, a peptide hormone encoded by the energy homeostasis-associated (ENHO) gene, is implicated in metabolism and vascular homeostasis, but its role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis remains enigmatic. Here, we used machine learning approaches in combination with functional in vitro and in vivo experiments to characterize adropin as a potential regulator involved in fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We demonstrated consistent down-regulation of adropin/ENHO in skin across multiple cohorts of patients with SSc. The prototypical profibrotic cytokine TGFβ reduced adropin/ENHO expression in a JNK-dependent manner. Restoration of adropin signaling by therapeutic application of bioactive adropin34-76 peptides in turn inhibited TGFβ-induced fibroblast activation and fibrotic tissue remodeling in primary human dermal fibroblasts, three-dimensional full-thickness skin equivalents, mouse models of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host-disease (sclGvHD), and precision-cut human skin slices. Knockdown of GPR19, an adropin receptor, abrogated the antifibrotic effects of adropin in fibroblasts. RNA-seq demonstrated that the antifibrotic effects of adropin34-76 were functionally linked to deactivation of GLI1-dependent profibrotic transcriptional networks, which was experimentally confirmed in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo using cultured human dermal fibroblasts, a sclGvHD mouse model, and precision-cut human skin slices. ChIP-seq confirmed adropin34-76-induced changes in TGFβ/GLI1 signaling. Our study characterizes the TGFβ-induced down-regulation of adropin/ENHO expression as a potential pathomechanism of SSc as a prototypical systemic fibrotic disease that unleashes uncontrolled activation of profibrotic GLI1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, P. R. China
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicholas Dickel
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea-Hermina Györfi
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bilgesu SafakTümerdem
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yi-Nan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aleix Rius Rigau
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chunguang Liang
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Jena University Hospital, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Xuezhi Hong
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lichong Shen
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200001 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Alexandru-Emil Matei
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thuong Trinh-Minh
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cuong Tran-Manh
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ariella Zehender
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, HELIOS Sankt Elisabeth Klinik Oberhausen, 46045 Oberhausen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Hejian Zou
- Division of Rheumatology, Huashan Rare Disease Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Georg Schett
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Meik Kunz
- Chair of Medical Informatics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU), Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Hiller Research Unit, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University; 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Sewerin S, Aurnhammer C, Skubic C, Blagotinšek Cokan K, Jeruc J, Rozman D, Pfister F, Dittrich K, Mayer B, Schönauer R, Petzold F, Halbritter J. Mechanisms of pathogenicity and the quest for genetic modifiers of kidney disease in branchiootorenal syndrome. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfad260. [PMID: 38213489 PMCID: PMC10783239 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgound Branchiootorenal (BOR) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by pathogenic EYA1 variants and clinically characterized by auricular malformations with hearing loss, branchial arch anomalies, and congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract. BOR phenotypes are highly variable and heterogenous. While random monoallelic expression is assumed to explain this phenotypic heterogeneity, the potential role of modifier genes has not yet been explored. Methods Through thorough phenotyping and exome sequencing, we studied one family with disease presentation in at least four generations in both clinical and genetic terms. Functional investigation of the single associated EYA1 variant c.1698+1G>A included splice site analysis and assessment of EYA1 distribution in patient-derived fibroblasts. The candidate modifier gene CYP51A1 was evaluated by histopathological analysis of murine Cyp51+/- and Cyp51-/- kidneys. As the gene encodes the enzyme lanosterol 14α-demethylase, we assessed sterol intermediates in patient blood samples as well. Results The EYA1 variant c.1698+1G>A resulted in functional deletion of the EYA domain by exon skipping. The EYA domain mediates protein-protein interactions between EYA1 and co-regulators of transcription. EYA1 abundance was reduced in the nuclear compartment of patient-derived fibroblasts, suggesting impaired nuclear translocation of these protein complexes. Within the affected family, renal phenotypes spanned from normal kidney function in adulthood to chronic kidney failure in infancy. By analyzing exome sequencing data for variants that potentially play roles as genetic modifiers, we identified a canonical splice site alteration in CYP51A1 as the strongest candidate variant. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrate pathogenicity of EYA1 c.1698+1G>A, propose a mechanism for dysfunction of mutant EYA1, and conjecture CYP51A1 as a potential genetic modifier of renal involvement in BOR syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Sewerin
- Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Current affiliation: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Cene Skubic
- Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kaja Blagotinšek Cokan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jera Jeruc
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Rozman
- Institute of Biochemistry, Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Frederick Pfister
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen Medical Center, Erlangen, Germany
- Current affiliation: Humanpathologie Dr. med. Manfred Weiß MVZ GmbH, Erlangen-Tennenlohe, Germany
| | - Katalin Dittrich
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Brigitte Mayer
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ria Schönauer
- Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Current affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Petzold
- Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Halbritter
- Division of Nephrology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Current affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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4
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Yu D, Xiang Y, Gou T, Tong R, Xu C, Chen L, Zhong L, Shi J. New therapeutic approaches against pulmonary fibrosis. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106592. [PMID: 37178650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is the end-stage change of a large class of lung diseases characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and the accumulation of a large amount of extracellular matrix, accompanied by inflammatory damage and tissue structure destruction, which also shows the normal alveolar tissue is damaged and then abnormally repaired resulting in structural abnormalities (scarring). Pulmonary fibrosis has a serious impact on the respiratory function of the human body, and the clinical manifestation is progressive dyspnea. The incidence of pulmonary fibrosis-related diseases is increasing year by year, and no curative drugs have appeared so far. Nevertheless, research on pulmonary fibrosis have also increased in recent years, but there are no breakthrough results. Pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis appear in the lungs of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that have not yet ended, and whether to improve the condition of patients with COVID-19 by means of the anti-fibrosis therapy, which are the questions we need to address now. This review systematically sheds light on the current state of research on fibrosis from multiple perspectives, hoping to provide some references for design and optimization of subsequent drugs and the selection of anti-fibrosis treatment plans and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongke Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- College of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Tingting Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Ling Zhong
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China; Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
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5
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Chou LF, Yang HY, Hung CC, Tian YC, Hsu SH, Yang CW. Leptospirosis kidney disease: Evolution from acute to chronic kidney disease. Biomed J 2023; 46:100595. [PMID: 37142093 PMCID: PMC10345244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a neglected bacterial disease caused by leptospiral infection that carries a substantial mortality risk in severe cases. Research has shown that acute, chronic, and asymptomatic leptospiral infections are closely linked to acute and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal fibrosis. Leptospires affect renal function by infiltrating kidney cells via the renal tubules and interstitium and surviving in the kidney by circumventing the immune system. The most well-known pathogenic molecular mechanism of renal tubular damage caused by leptospiral infection is the direct binding of the bacterial outer membrane protein LipL32 to toll-like receptor-2 expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) to induce intracellular inflammatory signaling pathways. These pathways include the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor kappa activation, resulting in acute and chronic leptospirosis-related kidney injury. Few studies have investigated the relationship between acute and chronic renal diseases and leptospirosis and further evidence is necessary. In this review, we intend to discuss the roles of acute kidney injury (AKI) to/on CKD in leptospirosis. This study reviews the molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of leptospirosis kidney disease, which will assist in concentrating on potential future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fang Chou
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Biochemistry, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Hung
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chung Tian
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hsing Hsu
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Linkou, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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6
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O'Sullivan ED, Mylonas KJ, Xin C, Baird DP, Carvalho C, Docherty MH, Campbell R, Matchett KP, Waddell SH, Walker AD, Gallagher KM, Jia S, Leung S, Laird A, Wilflingseder J, Willi M, Reck M, Finnie S, Pisco A, Gordon-Keylock S, Medvinsky A, Boulter L, Henderson NC, Kirschner K, Chandra T, Conway BR, Hughes J, Denby L, Bonventre JV, Ferenbach DA. Indian Hedgehog release from TNF-activated renal epithelia drives local and remote organ fibrosis. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabn0736. [PMID: 37256934 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Progressive fibrosis is a feature of aging and chronic tissue injury in multiple organs, including the kidney and heart. Glioma-associated oncogene 1 expressing (Gli1+) cells are a major source of activated fibroblasts in multiple organs, but the links between injury, inflammation, and Gli1+ cell expansion and tissue fibrosis remain incompletely understood. We demonstrated that leukocyte-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF) promoted Gli1+ cell proliferation and cardiorenal fibrosis through induction and release of Indian Hedgehog (IHH) from renal epithelial cells. Using single-cell-resolution transcriptomic analysis, we identified an "inflammatory" proximal tubular epithelial (iPT) population contributing to TNF- and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-induced IHH production in vivo. TNF-induced Ubiquitin D (Ubd) expression was observed in human proximal tubular cells in vitro and during murine and human renal disease and aging. Studies using pharmacological and conditional genetic ablation of TNF-induced IHH signaling revealed that IHH activated canonical Hedgehog signaling in Gli1+ cells, which led to their activation, proliferation, and fibrosis within the injured and aging kidney and heart. These changes were inhibited in mice by Ihh deletion in Pax8-expressing cells or by pharmacological blockade of TNF, NF-κB, or Gli1 signaling. Increased amounts of circulating IHH were associated with loss of renal function and higher rates of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Thus, IHH connects leukocyte activation to Gli1+ cell expansion and represents a potential target for therapies to inhibit inflammation-induced fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin D O'Sullivan
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Kidney Health Service, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Katie J Mylonas
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Cuiyan Xin
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David P Baird
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Cyril Carvalho
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Marie-Helena Docherty
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Ross Campbell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Kylie P Matchett
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Scott H Waddell
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alexander D Walker
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kevin M Gallagher
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Siyang Jia
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Steve Leung
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Alexander Laird
- Department of Urology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Julia Wilflingseder
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Willi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maximilian Reck
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sarah Finnie
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Angela Pisco
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Alexander Medvinsky
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Luke Boulter
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Kristina Kirschner
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Tamir Chandra
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre and MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Bryan R Conway
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jeremy Hughes
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Laura Denby
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David A Ferenbach
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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7
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Gu D, Soepriatna AH, Zhang W, Li J, Zhao J, Zhang X, Shu X, Wang Y, Landis BJ, Goergen CJ, Xie J. Activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway leads to fibrosis in aortic valves. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:43. [PMID: 36864465 PMCID: PMC9983197 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-00980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis is a pathological wound healing process characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition, which interferes with normal organ function and contributes to ~ 45% of human mortality. Fibrosis develops in response to chronic injury in nearly all organs, but the a cascade of events leading to fibrosis remains unclear. While hedgehog (Hh) signaling activation has been associated with fibrosis in the lung, kidney, and skin, it is unknown whether hedgehog signaling activation is the cause or the consequence of fibrosis. We hypothesize that activation of hedgehog signaling is sufficient to drive fibrosis in mouse models. RESULTS In this study, we provide direct evidence to show that activation of Hh signaling via expression of activated smoothened, SmoM2, is sufficient to induce fibrosis in the vasculature and aortic valves. We showed that activated SmoM2 -induced fibrosis is associated with abnormal function of aortic valves and heart. The relevance of this mouse model to human health is reflected in our findings that elevated GLI expression is detected in 6 out of 11 aortic valves from patients with fibrotic aortic valves. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that activating hedgehog signaling is sufficient to drive fibrosis in mice, and this mouse model is relevant to human aortic valve stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Gu
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, 1040 W. Walnut Street., Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Arvin H. Soepriatna
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Purdue University Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, Room 3025, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA ,grid.40263.330000 0004 1936 9094School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, 184 Hope Street, Providence, RI 02912 USA
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, 1040 W. Walnut Street., Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Jun Li
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jenny Zhao
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, 1040 W. Walnut Street., Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Boston University School of Medicine, 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, 1040 W. Walnut Street., Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Xianhong Shu
- grid.413087.90000 0004 1755 3939Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yongshi Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Benjamin J. Landis
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, 1040 W. Walnut Street., Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Craig J. Goergen
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Purdue University Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, Room 3025, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Jingwu Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, 1040 W. Walnut Street., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Basic and Translational Cancer Review Branch (BTC), Division of Basic and Integrative Biological Sciences (DBIB), Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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8
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Scotland KB, Almutairi K, Park E, Wang L, Kung SHY, Haegert A, Adomat H, Bell R, LeBihan S, Chew BH, Lange D. Indwelling stents cause obstruction and induce ureteral injury and fibrosis in a porcine model. BJU Int 2023; 131:367-375. [PMID: 36181708 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate global changes in ureters at the transcriptional, translational and functional levels, both while stents are indwelling and after removal and recovery, and to study the effects of targeting pathways that play a potential role. METHODS Pig ureters were stented for varying amounts of time (48 h, 72 h, 14 days) and the impact on peristalsis, dilatation and hydronephrosis were assessed. RNAseq, proteomic, histological and smooth muscle (SM) function analyses were performed on ureteric and kidney tissues to assess changes induced by stenting and recovery. Pathway analysis was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. To study the impact of possible interventions, the effects of erythropoeitin (EPO) and a Gli1 inhibitor were assessed. RESULTS Stenting triggers massive ureteric dilatation, aperistalsis and moderate hydronephrosis within 48 h. Pathways associated with obstruction, fibrosis and kidney injury were upregulated by stenting. Increased expression of GLI1, clusterin-α (a kidney injury marker) and collagen 4A2 (a fibrosis marker) was found in stented vs contralateral unstented ureters. EPO did not improve peristalsis or contraction force but did decrease non-purposeful spasming seen exclusively in stented ureters. Tamsulosin administration increased contractility but not rate of peristalsis in stented ureters. CONCLUSIONS Ureters respond to stents similarly to how they respond to an obstruction, that is, with activation of pathways associated with hydronephrosis, fibrosis and kidney injury. This is driven by significant dilatation and associated ureteric SM dysfunction. EPO and tamsulosin induced mild favourable changes in SM physiology, suggesting that targeting specific pathways has potential to address stent-induced complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kymora B Scotland
- Department of Urology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Khaled Almutairi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elliya Park
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lu Wang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sonia H Y Kung
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne Haegert
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hans Adomat
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert Bell
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephane LeBihan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ben H Chew
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dirk Lange
- Department of Urologic Sciences, The Stone Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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9
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A novel mechanistic approach for the anti-fibrotic potential of rupatadine in rat liver via amendment of PAF/NF-ĸB p65/TGF-β1 and hedgehog/HIF-1α/VEGF trajectories. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:845-858. [PMID: 36811777 PMCID: PMC10140091 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is one of the major worldwide health concerns which requires tremendous research due to the limited outcomes of the current therapies. The present study was designed to assess, for the first time, the potential therapeutic effect of rupatadine (RUP) in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver fibrosis and to explore its possible mechanistic actions. For the induction of hepatic fibrosis, rats were treated with DEN (100 mg/kg, i.p.) once weekly for 6 consecutive weeks, and on the 6th week, RUP (4 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was administered for 4 weeks. Treatment with RUP ameliorated changes in body weights, liver indices, liver function enzymes, and histopathological alterations induced by DEN. Besides, RUP amended oxidative stress, which led to the inhibition of PAF/NF-κB p65-induced inflammation, and, subsequently, prevention of TGF-β1 elevation and HSCs activation as indicated by reduced α-SMA expression and collagen deposition. Moreover, RUP exerted significant anti-fibrotic and anti-angiogenic effects by suppressing Hh and HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathways. Our results highlight, for the first time, a promising anti-fibrotic potential of RUP in rat liver. The molecular mechanisms underlying this effect involve the attenuation of PAF/NF-κB p65/TGF-β1 and Hh pathways and, subsequently, the pathological angiogenesis (HIF-1α/VEGF).
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10
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Wang F, Stappenbeck F, Parhami F. Oxy210, a Semi-Synthetic Oxysterol, Inhibits Profibrotic Signaling in Cellular Models of Lung and Kidney Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:114. [PMID: 36678611 PMCID: PMC9862207 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxy210, a semi-synthetic oxysterol derivative, displays cell-selective inhibition of Hedgehog (Hh) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling in epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages as well as antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory efficacy in models of liver fibrosis. In the present report, we examine the effects of Oxy210 in cellular models of lung and kidney fibrosis, such as human lung fibroblast cell lines IMR-90, derived from healthy lung tissue, and LL97A, derived from an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patient. In addition, we examine the effects of Oxy210 in primary human renal fibroblasts, pericytes, mesangial cells, and renal tubular epithelial cells, known for their involvement in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney fibrosis. We demonstrate in fibroblasts that the expression of several profibrotic TGF-β target genes, including fibronectin (FN), collagen 1A1 (COL1A1), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) are inhibited by Oxy210, both at the basal level and following TGF-β stimulation in a statistically significant manner. The inhibition of COL1A1 gene expression translated directly to significantly reduced COL1A1 protein expression. In human primary small airway epithelial cells (HSAECs) and renal tubular epithelial cells, Oxy210 significantly inhibited TGF-β target gene expression associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Oxy210 also inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts, pericytes, and mesangial cells in a dose-dependent and statistically significant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farhad Parhami
- MAX BioPharma, Inc., 2870 Colorado Avenue, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
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11
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Guan Y, Quan D, Chen K, Kang L, Yang D, Wu H, Yan M, Wu S, Lv L, Zhang G. Kaempferol inhibits renal fibrosis by suppression of the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154246. [PMID: 36274411 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) develop to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which is characterized by fibrosis and permanent tissue and function loss. As a result, better and more effective remedies are essential. Kaempferol (KAE) is a common flavonoid extracted from plants. It can control the progression of kidney fibrosis and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the renal tubular system. PURPOSE We aim to investigate the effect of KAE therapy on extracellular matrix deposition and stimulation of EMT in vitro and in vivo to elucidate the treatment mechanisms regulating these effects. STUDY DESIGN Chronic hypertension-induced kidney fibrosis was studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats with chronic kidney disease. Biochemical analysis, histological staining, and the expression level of relative proteins were used to assess the effect of KAE on renal function and fibrosis. The direct impact of KAE on proliferation and migration was evaluated using human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which can then induce EMT. The molecular mechanism of KAE was verified using co-IP assay and immunofluorescence. RESULTS KAE could reduce blood pressure and decrease the extracellular matrix (ECM) components (including collagen I and collagen Ш), TGF-β1, and α-SMA in the kidneys of hypertension-induced rats with chronic kidney disease. Moreover, in HK-2 cell treated with TGF-β1, KAE administration significantly suppressed proliferation, migration, and EMT via increasing the expression of E-cadherin, while reducing the N-cadherin and α-SMA. Sufu was exceedingly repressed in HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1. KAE inhibited the activation of Shh and Gli through increasing the expression of Sufu, thereby blocking the nuclear translocation of Gli1 in vitro. CONCLUSION KAE ameliorated kidney fibrosis and EMT by inhibiting the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, thereby to attenuate the pathological progression of hypertensive kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Guan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Dongling Quan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Liangqi Kang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Danni Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Huanxian Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Mengqiu Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Shaoyu Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Lin Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
| | - Guohua Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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12
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Jiang M, Wang J, Shen Y, Zhu J, Liu Z, Gong W, Yu Y, Zhang S, Zhou X, He S, Song Y, Zhu Z, Jin L, Cong W. Ribosomal S6 Protein Kinase 2 Aggravates the Process of Systemic Scleroderma. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:3175-3183.e5. [PMID: 35853487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis is a complex process of pathogenesis, and the contributions of inherited genes, infections, and chemicals remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that p90 ribosomal S6 protein kinase 2 (RSK2) was selectively upregulated in fibrotic skin and fibroblasts treated with the profibrotic cytokine TGF-β. Moreover, knockout of Rsk2 specifically in skin fibroblasts or pharmacological inhibition of RSK2 attenuated skin fibrosis in a mouse model. Mechanistically, RSK2 directly interacted with glycogen synthase kinase 3β in vivo and in vitro and thereby induced phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β at Ser9 to inhibit ubiquitination and degradation of GLI1, which promoted fibroblast differentiation and skin fibrosis. Consequently, RSK2 plays an important role in the dermal skin of systemic sclerosis. These findings provided a potential therapeutic target for systemic sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No.2 Hospital), Ningbo, China
| | - Yingjie Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhili Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Shengqu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yonghuan Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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13
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Raza GS, Sodum N, Kaya Y, Herzig KH. Role of Circadian Transcription Factor Rev-Erb in Metabolism and Tissue Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12954. [PMID: 36361737 PMCID: PMC9655416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms significantly affect metabolism, and their disruption leads to cardiometabolic diseases and fibrosis. The clock repressor Rev-Erb is mainly expressed in the liver, heart, lung, adipose tissue, skeletal muscles, and brain, recognized as a master regulator of metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, inflammatory response, and fibrosis. Fibrosis is the response of the body to injuries and chronic inflammation with the accumulation of extracellular matrix in tissues. Activation of myofibroblasts is a key factor in the development of organ fibrosis, initiated by hormones, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, and mechanical stress. This review summarizes the importance of Rev-Erb in ECM remodeling and tissue fibrosis. In the heart, Rev-Erb activation has been shown to alleviate hypertrophy and increase exercise capacity. In the lung, Rev-Erb agonist reduced pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing fibroblast differentiation. In the liver, Rev-Erb inhibited inflammation and fibrosis by diminishing NF-κB activity. In adipose tissue, Rev- Erb agonists reduced fat mass. In summary, the results of multiple studies in preclinical models demonstrate that Rev-Erb is an attractive target for positively influencing dysregulated metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis, but more specific tools and studies would be needed to increase the information base for the therapeutic potential of these substances interfering with the molecular clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Shere Raza
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Nalini Sodum
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Yagmur Kaya
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Pediatric Institute, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland
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14
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Lv K, Wang Y, Lou P, Liu S, Zhou P, Yang L, Lu Y, Cheng J, Liu J. Extracellular vesicles as advanced therapeutics for the resolution of organ fibrosis: Current progress and future perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1042983. [PMCID: PMC9630482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1042983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ fibrosis is a serious health challenge worldwide, and its global incidence and medical burden are increasing dramatically each year. Fibrosis can occur in nearly all major organs and ultimately lead to organ dysfunction. However, current clinical treatments cannot slow or reverse the progression of fibrosis to end-stage organ failure, and thus advanced anti-fibrotic therapeutics are urgently needed. As a type of naturally derived nanovesicle, native extracellular vesicles (EVs) from multiple cell types (e.g., stem cells, immune cells, and tissue cells) have been shown to alleviate organ fibrosis in many preclinical models through multiple effective mechanisms, such as anti-inflammation, pro-angiogenesis, inactivation of myofibroblasts, and fibrinolysis of ECM components. Moreover, the therapeutic potency of native EVs can be further enhanced by multiple engineering strategies, such as genetic modifications, preconditionings, therapeutic reagent-loadings, and combination with functional biomaterials. In this review, we briefly introduce the pathology and current clinical treatments of organ fibrosis, discuss EV biology and production strategies, and particularly focus on important studies using native or engineered EVs as interventions to attenuate tissue fibrosis. This review provides insights into the development and translation of EV-based nanotherapies into clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lv
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Lou
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingya Zhou
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jingping Liu,
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15
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Tamari Y, Takata T, Takeno S, Tanaka H, Yamazaki H, Yamada K, Suzuki M. Influence of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy on Normal Liver Tissue. Radiat Res 2022; 198:368-374. [PMID: 35904430 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00018.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced liver diseases, including liver fibrosis, occurs when radiation damages the liver. Basic research on hepatic fibrosis, which is a late radiation injury, is necessary for evaluating adverse liver events occurring after boron neutron capture therapy. This study was conducted to establish a method for analyzing the negative effect such as fibrosis in the liver tissue after boron neutron capture therapy. Female C57BL6 mice were injected with p-boronophenylalanine solution subcutaneously at 2 h before neutron irradiation. Masson trichrome staining was performed to determine the degree of liver fibrosis. The degree of fat accumulation in mouse normal liver tissue after boron neutron capture therapy was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining and triglyceride quantification. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression level of Sonic Hedgehog. Liver fat accumulation and fibrosis were significantly increased in the neutron irradiation group injected with p-boronophenylalanine compared with control group. In addition, Sonic Hedgehog expression was increased in response to boron neutron capture therapy-induced liver injury and was involved in liver fibrosis. Hepatocellular fat accumulation and Hedgehog signaling activation may be indicators of adverse events related to boron neutron capture therapy associated with liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tamari
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010, Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takushi Takata
- Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010, Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeno
- Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010, Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010, Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideya Yamazaki
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Yamada
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Radiation Oncology Research Laboratory, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, 2-1010, Asashiro-nishi, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Abadi AJ, Mirzaei S, Mahabady MK, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Hashemi F, Raee P, Aghamiri S, Ashrafizadeh M, Aref AR, Hamblin MR, Hushmandi K, Zarrabi A, Sethi G. Curcumin and its derivatives in cancer therapy: Potentiating antitumor activity of cisplatin and reducing side effects. Phytother Res 2021; 36:189-213. [PMID: 34697839 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a phytochemical isolated from Curcuma longa with potent tumor-suppressor activity, which has shown significant efficacy in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Curcumin stimulates cell death, triggers cycle arrest, and suppresses oncogenic pathways, thereby suppressing cancer progression. Cisplatin (CP) stimulates DNA damage and apoptosis in cancer chemotherapy. However, CP has adverse effects on several organs of the body, and drug resistance is frequently observed. The purpose of the present review is to show the function of curcumin in decreasing CP's adverse impacts and improving its antitumor activity. Curcumin administration reduces ROS levels to prevent apoptosis in normal cells. Furthermore, curcumin can inhibit inflammation via down-regulation of NF-κB to maintain the normal function of organs. Curcumin and its nanoformulations can reduce the hepatoxicity, neurotoxicity, renal toxicity, ototoxicity, and cardiotoxicity caused by CP. Notably, curcumin potentiates CP cytotoxicity via mediating cell death and cycle arrest. Besides, curcumin suppresses the STAT3 and NF-ĸB as tumor-promoting pathways, to enhance CP sensitivity and prevent drug resistance. The targeted delivery of curcumin and CP to tumor cells can be mediated nanostructures. In addition, curcumin derivatives are also able to reduce CP-mediated side effects, and increase CP cytotoxicity against various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asal Jalal Abadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- School of Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Therapy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pourya Raee
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Aghamiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Tuzla, Turkey.,Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa.,Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Kocic G, Gajic M, Tomovic K, Hadzi-Djokic J, Anderluh M, Smelcerovic A. Purine adducts as a presumable missing link for aristolochic acid nephropathy-related cellular energy crisis, potential anti-fibrotic prevention and treatment. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4411-4427. [PMID: 34235731 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aristolochic acid nephropathy is a progressive exposome-induced disease characterized by tubular atrophy and fibrosis culminating in end-stage renal disease and malignancies. The molecular mechanisms of the energy crisis as a putative cause of fibrosis have not yet been elucidated. In light of the fact that aristolochic acid forms DNA and RNA adducts by covalent binding of aristolochic acid metabolites to exocyclic amino groups of (deoxy)adenosine and (deoxy)guanosine, we hypothesize here that similar aristolochic acid adducts may exist with other purine-containing molecules. We also provide new insights into the aristolochic acid-induced energy crisis and presumably a link between already known mechanisms. In addition, an overview of potential targets in fibrosis treatment is provided, which is followed by recommendations on possible preventive measures that could be taken to at least postpone or partially alleviate aristolochic acid nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Kocic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Gajic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Katarina Tomovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | | | - Marko Anderluh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrija Smelcerovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
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18
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Arai H, Sato Y, Yanagita M. Fibroblast heterogeneity and tertiary lymphoid tissues in the kidney. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:196-210. [PMID: 33951198 PMCID: PMC8360208 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblasts reside in various organs and support tissue structure and homeostasis under physiological conditions. Phenotypic alterations of fibroblasts underlie the development of diverse pathological conditions, including organ fibrosis. Recent advances in single‐cell biology have revealed that fibroblasts comprise heterogeneous subpopulations with distinct phenotypes, which exert both beneficial and detrimental effects on the host organs in a context‐dependent manner. In the kidney, phenotypic alterations of resident fibroblasts provoke common pathological conditions of chronic kidney disease (CKD), such as renal anemia and peritubular capillary loss. Additionally, in aged injured kidneys, fibroblasts provide functional and structural supports for tertiary lymphoid tissues (TLTs), which serve as the ectopic site of acquired immune reactions in various clinical contexts. TLTs are closely associated with aging and CKD progression, and the developmental stages of TLTs reflect the severity of renal injury. In this review, we describe the current understanding of fibroblast heterogeneity both under physiological and pathological conditions, with special emphasis on fibroblast contribution to TLT formation in the kidney. Dissecting the heterogeneous characteristics of fibroblasts will provide a promising therapeutic option for fibroblast‐related pathological conditions, including TLT formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Medical Innovation Center, TMK Project, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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19
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Zhang J, Liu C, Liang Q, Zheng F, Guan Y, Yang G, Chen L. Postnatal deletion of Bmal1 in mice protects against obstructive renal fibrosis via suppressing Gli2 transcription. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21530. [PMID: 33813752 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002452r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circadian clock is involved in regulating most renal physiological functions, including water and electrolyte balance and blood pressure homeostasis, however, the role of circadian clock in renal pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Here we aimed to investigate the role of Bmal1, a core clock component, in the development of renal fibrosis, the hallmark of pathological features in many renal diseases. The inducible Bmal1 knockout mice (iKO) whose gene deletion occurred in adulthood were used in the study. Analysis of the urinary water, sodium and potassium excretion showed that the iKO mice exhibit abolished diurnal variations. In the model of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction, the iKO mice displayed significantly decreased tubulointerstitial fibrosis reflected by attenuated collagen deposition and mitigated expression of fibrotic markers α-SMA and fibronectin. The hedgehog pathway transcriptional effectors Gli1 and Gli2, which have been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, were significantly decreased in the iKO mice. Mechanistically, ChIP assay and luciferase reporter assay revealed that BMAL1 bound to the promoter of and activate the transcription of Gli2, but not Gli1, suggesting that the involvement of Bmal1 in renal fibrosis was possibly mediated via Gli2-dependent mechanisms. Furthermore, treatment with TGF-β increased Bmal1 in cultured murine proximal tubular cells. Knockdown of Bmal1 abolished, while overexpression of Bmal1 increased, Gli2 and the expression of fibrosis-related genes. Collectively, these results revealed a prominent role of the core clock gene Bmal1 in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Moreover, we identified Gli2 as a novel target of Bmal1, which may mediate the adverse effect of Bmal1 in obstructive nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing Liang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangrui Yang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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20
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Zhou SS, Ai ZZ, Li WN, Li L, Zhu XY, Ba YM. Shenkang VII Recipe Attenuates Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-induced Renal Fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad, NF-κB and SHH Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:917-930. [PMID: 32980902 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the protective effects of the traditional Chinese Medicine formula Shenkang VII recipe (SK-7) on renal fibrosis and the mechanisms. Renal fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats. The rats were then divided into 5 groups: control group (Sham operation), UUO model group, UUO model plus low to high doses of SK-7 (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 g/kg/day, for 14 days) groups. The animals were sacrificed on the 7th or 14th day. Kidney tissues were collected for histopathological examinations (hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of collagen type III (Col III), fibronectin (FN), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 (TIMP2), matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). The TGF-β1/Smad, NF-kB and Sonic hedgehog signaling proteins were detected by Western blotting. Our results showed that SK-7 prevented UUO-induced renal injury and accumulation of collagen fibrils. Renal fibrosis biomarkers Col III, FN, α-SMA and TIMP2 were increased in the rats after UUO and decreased by SK-7, while MMP2 was upregulated after treatment. SK-7 also suppressed the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and MCP-1 in UUO rats. In addition, SK-7 inhibited activation of the TGF-β/Smad, NF-κB and sonic hedgehog signaling (SHH) pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that SK-7 may regulate the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix, reduce inflammation and suppress the proliferation of fibroblasts, by blocking the TGF-β1/Smad, NF-κB and SHH signaling pathways to exert its anti-renal fibrosis effect in UUO rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Zhou
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhong-Zhu Ai
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Wei-Nan Li
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.,Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Liang Li
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Zhu
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuan-Ming Ba
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China. .,Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.
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21
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Zhu Z, Xu X, Wang F, Song Y, Zhu Y, Quan W, Zhang X, Bi C, He H, Li S, Li X. Integrative microRNA and mRNA expression profiling in acute aristolochic acid nephropathy in mice. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3367-3377. [PMID: 32945497 PMCID: PMC7453650 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In acute aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), aristolochic acid (AA) induces renal injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. However, the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and mRNAs involved in AAN are not clearly understood. The aim of the present study was to examine AA‑induced genome‑wide differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and DE mRNAs using deep sequencing in mouse kidneys, and to analyze their regulatory networks. In the present self‑controlled study, mice were treated with 5 mg/kg/day AA for 5 days, following unilateral nephrectomy. AA‑induced renal injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were detected using hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson's trichrome staining in the mouse kidneys. A total of 82 DE miRNAs and 4,605 DE mRNAs were identified between the AA‑treated group and the self‑control group. Of these DE miRNAs and mRNAs, some were validated using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Expression levels of the profibrotic miR‑21, miR‑433 and miR‑132 families were significantly increased, whereas expression levels of the anti‑fibrotic miR‑122‑5p and let‑7a‑1‑3p were significantly decreased. Functions and signaling pathways associated with the DE miRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). A total of 767 DE pairs (in opposing directions) of miRNAs and their mRNA targets were identified. Among these, regulatory networks of miRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed using KEGG to identify enriched signaling pathways and extracellular matrix‑associated pathways. In conclusion, the present study identified genome‑wide DE miRNAs and mRNAs in the kidneys of AA‑treated mice, as well as their regulatory pairs and signaling networks. The present results may improve the understanding of the role of DE miRNAs and their mRNA targets in the pathophysiology of acute AAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Zhu
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xinxing Xu
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Fengying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sir Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, P.R. China
| | - Yongrui Song
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Quan
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Cheng Bi
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin He
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Centre for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhong Li
- Department of Nephrology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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22
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Riccetti M, Gokey JJ, Aronow B, Perl AKT. The elephant in the lung: Integrating lineage-tracing, molecular markers, and single cell sequencing data to identify distinct fibroblast populations during lung development and regeneration. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:51-74. [PMID: 32442602 PMCID: PMC7434667 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
During lung development, the mesenchyme and epithelium are dependent on each other for instructive morphogenic cues that direct proliferation, cellular differentiation and organogenesis. Specification of epithelial and mesenchymal cell lineages occurs in parallel, forming cellular subtypes that guide the formation of both transitional developmental structures and the permanent architecture of the adult lung. While epithelial cell types and lineages have been relatively well-defined in recent years, the definition of mesenchymal cell types and lineage relationships has been more challenging. Transgenic mouse lines with permanent and inducible lineage tracers have been instrumental in identifying lineage relationships among epithelial progenitor cells and their differentiation into distinct airway and alveolar epithelial cells. Lineage tracing experiments with reporter mice used to identify fibroblast progenitors and their lineage trajectories have been limited by the number of cell specific genes and the developmental timepoint when the lineage trace was activated. In this review, we discuss major developmental mesenchymal lineages, focusing on time of origin, major cell type, and other lineage derivatives, as well as the transgenic tools used to find and define them. We describe lung fibroblasts using function, location, and molecular markers in order to compare and contrast cells with similar functions. The temporal and cell-type specific expression of fourteen "fibroblast lineage" genes were identified in single-cell RNA-sequencing data from LungMAP in the LGEA database. Using these lineage signature genes as guides, we clustered murine lung fibroblast populations from embryonic day 16.5 to postnatal day 28 (E16.5-PN28) and generated heatmaps to illustrate expression of transcription factors, signaling receptors and ligands in a temporal and population specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Riccetti
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jason J Gokey
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Bruce Aronow
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Anne-Karina T Perl
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
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23
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Krakhotkin DV, Chernylovskyi VA, Mottrie A, Greco F, Bugaev RA. New insights into the pathogenesis of Peyronie's disease: A narrative review. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2020; 6:165-181. [PMID: 32885153 PMCID: PMC7451633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peyronie's disease (PD) is a benign, progressive fibrotic disorder characterized by scar or plaques within the tunica albuginea (TA) of the penis. This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of PD based on data from different studies regarding the roles of cytokines, cell signaling pathways, biochemical mechanisms, genetic factors responsible for fibrogenesis. A growing body of literature has shown that PD is a chronically impaired, localized, wound healing process within the TA and the Smith space. It is caused by the influence of different pathological stimuli, most often the effects of mechanical stress during sexual intercourse in genetically sensitive individuals with unusual anatomical TA features, imbalanced matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (MMP/TIMP), and suppressed antioxidant systems during chronic inflammation. Other intracellular signal cascades are activated during fibrosis along with low expression levels of their negative regulators and transforming growth factor-β1 signaling. The development of multikinase agents with minimal side effects that can block several signal cell pathways would significantly improve fibrosis in PD tissues by acting on common downstream mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis V Krakhotkin
- Outpatient Department, Central District Hospital, Kamenolomni, Rostov Region, Russia
| | | | - Alexandre Mottrie
- Department of Urology, Onze Lieve Vrouw Hospital, Aalst, Belgium.,ORSI Academy, Melle, Belgium
| | | | - Ruslan A Bugaev
- Outpatient Department, Central District Hospital, Kamenolomni, Rostov Region, Russia
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24
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Wang L, Guo J, Xi Y, Ma S, Li Y, He H, Wang J, Han C, Bai L, Mustafa A, Liu H, Li L. Understanding the Genetic Domestication History of the Jianchang Duck by Genotyping and Sequencing of Genomic Genes Under Selection. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2020; 10:1469-1476. [PMID: 32165372 PMCID: PMC7202016 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Jianchang duck is mainly distributed in Southwest China, and has the characteristics of fast growth rate and strong abilities in lipid deposition in the liver. In order to investigate the effects of domestication process on formation of the unique characteristics of Jianchang duck, the whole genome of sixteen individuals and three pooling of Jianchang duck were re-sequenced, and genome data of 70 mallards and 83 domestic ducks from thirteen different places in China were obtained from NCBI. The population stratification and evolution analysis showed gene exchanges existed between the Jianchang and other domestic duck populations, as well as Jianchang ducks and mallards. Genomic comparison between mallards and Jianchang ducks showed genes, including CNTN1, CHRNA9, and SHANK2, which is involved in brain and nerve development, experienced strong positive selection in the process of Jianchang duck domestication. The genomic comparison between Jianchang and domestic duck populations showed that HSD17B12 and ESM1, which affect lipid metabolism, experienced strong positive selection during the domestication process. FST analysis among populations of Jianchang duck with different plumage colors indicated that MITF was related to the phenotype of a white feather, while MC1R was related to the phenotype of hemp feather. Our results provided a base for the domestication process of Jianchang duck and the genomic genes for unique traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jiazhong Guo
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xi
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Shengchao Ma
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yanying Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hua He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Chunchun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Lili Bai
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ahsan Mustafa
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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25
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Kidney allograft fibrosis: what we learned from latest translational research studies. J Nephrol 2020; 33:1201-1211. [PMID: 32193834 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To add new molecular and pathogenetic insights into the biological machinery associated to kidney allograft fibrosis is a major research target in nephrology and organ transplant translational medicine. Interstitial fibrosis associated to tubular atrophy (IF/TA) is, in fact, an inevitable and progressive process that occurs in almost every type of chronic allograft injury (particularly in grafts from expanded criteria donors) characterized by profound remodeling and excessive production/deposition of fibrillar extracellular matrix (ECM) with a great clinical impact. IF/TA is detectable in more than 50% of kidney allografts at 2 years. However, although well studied, the complete cellular/biological network associated with IF/TA is only partially evaluated. In the last few years, then, thanks to the introduction of new biomolecular technologies, inflammation in scarred/fibrotic parenchyma areas (recently acknowledged by the BANFF classification) has been recognized as a pivotal element able to accelerate the onset and development of the allograft chronic damage. Therefore, in this review, we focused on some new pathogenetic elements involved in graft fibrosis (including epithelial/endothelial to mesenchymal transition, oxidative stress, activation of Wnt and Hedgehog signaling pathways, fatty acids oxidation and cellular senescence) that, in our opinion, could become in future good candidates as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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26
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Hreha TN, Collins CA, Daugherty AL, Twentyman J, Paluri N, Hunstad DA. TGFβ1 orchestrates renal fibrosis following Escherichia coli pyelonephritis. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14401. [PMID: 32227630 PMCID: PMC7104652 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal scarring after pyelonephritis is linked to long-term health risks for hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Androgen exposure increases susceptibility to, and severity of, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) pyelonephritis and resultant scarring in both male and female mice, while anti-androgen therapy is protective against severe urinary tract infection (UTI) in these models. This work employed androgenized female C57BL/6 mice to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of post-infectious renal fibrosis and to determine how these pathways are altered by the presence of androgens. We found that elevated circulating testosterone levels primed the kidney for fibrosis by increasing local production of TGFβ1 before the initiation of UTI, altering the ratio of transcription factors Smad2 and Smad3 and increasing the presence of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells and Gli1 + activated myofibroblasts, the cells primarily responsible for deposition of scar components. Increased production of TGFβ1 and aberrations in Smad2:Smad3 were maintained throughout the course of infection in the presence of androgen, correlating with renal scarring that was not observed in non-androgenized female mice. Pharmacologic inhibition of TGFβ1 signaling blunted myofibroblast activation. We conclude that renal fibrosis after pyelonephritis is exacerbated by the presence of androgens and involves activation of the TGFβ1 signaling cascade, leading to increases in cortical populations of MSC-like cells and the Gli1 + activated myofibroblasts that are responsible for scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri N. Hreha
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | | | | | - Joy Twentyman
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
- Present address:
Department of Global HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Nitin Paluri
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - David A. Hunstad
- Department of PediatricsWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
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Ma L, Duan CC, Yang ZQ, Ding JL, Liu S, Yue ZP, Guo B. Novel insights into Dhh signaling in antler chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation: Involvement of Foxa. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6023-6031. [PMID: 31960430 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The desert hedgehog (Dhh) is crucial for spermatogenesis and Leydig cell differentiation, but little is known regarding its physiological function in cartilage. In this study, Dhh mRNA was abundant in antler chondrocytes, where it advanced cell proliferation concomitant with accelerated transition from the G1 to the S phase and induced elevation of the hypertrophic chondrocyte markers, Col X and Runx2. Silencing of Ptch1 resulted in appreciable Smo accumulation and enhanced rDhh stimulation of Smo, whose impediment by cyclopamine obscured the proliferative function of Dhh and alleviated its guidance of chondrocyte differentiation. Further analysis evidenced the noteworthy positive action of Smo in the bridging between Dhh and Gli transcription factors. Obstruction of Gli1 by GANT58 caused the failed stimulation of Col X and Runx2 by rDhh. Analogously, siRNA against Gli1-3 hindered chondrocyte differentiation in the context of rDhh. Simultaneously, Gli transcription factors mediated the regulation of Dhh on Foxa1, Foxa2, and Foxa3, whose knockdown impaired chondrocyte differentiation. Attenuation of Foxa antagonized the augmentation of Col X and Runx2 generated by rDhh. Collectively, Dhh signaling through its target Foxa appears to induce antler chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cui-Cui Duan
- Institute of Agro-Food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhan-Qing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun-Li Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Liu X, Miao J, Wang C, Zhou S, Chen S, Ren Q, Hong X, Wang Y, Hou FF, Zhou L, Liu Y. Tubule-derived exosomes play a central role in fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2019; 97:1181-1195. [PMID: 32139089 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes are involved in mediating cell-cell communication by shuttling an assortment of proteins and genetic information. Here, we tested whether renal tubule-derived exosomes play a central role in mediating kidney fibrosis. The production of exosomes was found to be increased in the early stage of unilateral ureteral obstruction, ischemia reperfusion injury or 5/6 nephrectomy models of kidney disease. Exosome production occurred primarily in renal proximal tubular epithelium and was accompanied by induction of sonic hedgehog (Shh). In vitro, upon stimulation with transforming growth factor-β1, kidney proximal tubular cells (HKC-8) increased exosome production. Purified exosomes from these cells were able to induce renal interstitial fibroblast (NRK-49F) activation. Conversely, pharmacologic inhibition of exosome secretion with dimethyl amiloride, depletion of exosome from the conditioned media or knockdown of Shh expression abolished the ability of transforming growth factor-β1-treated HKC-8 cells to induce NRK-49F activation. In vivo, injections of tubular cell-derived exosomes aggravated kidney injury and fibrosis, which was negated by an Shh signaling inhibitor. Blockade of exosome secretion in vivo ameliorated renal fibrosis after either ischemic or obstructive injury. Furthermore, knockdown of Rab27a, a protein that is essential for exosome formation, also preserved kidney function and attenuated renal fibrotic lesions in mice. Thus, our results suggest that tubule-derived exosomes play an essential role in renal fibrogenesis through shuttling Shh ligand. Hence, strategies targeting exosomes could be a new avenue in developing therapeutics against renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Arsenic trioxide and curcumin attenuate cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis in rats through targeting Hedgehog signaling. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:303-313. [PMID: 31612257 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01734-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a progressive process resulting from a sustained injury that may ultimately cause renal failure. Cisplatin is an antitumor drug that induces renal injury and nephrotoxicity and is widely employed as a model for acute and chronic renal injury. Several signaling pathways are implicated in fibrogenic cell activation among which is Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. We here investigated the effects of arsenic trioxide (Ars) and curcumin in ameliorating cisplatin-induced kidney fibrosis via regulating Hh signaling. Cisplatin (4.5 mg/kg) was administered in Sprague-Dawley rats for two consecutive days and renal fibrosis was induced after 21 days. Once renal fibrosis was confirmed, Ars (3.5 mg/kg/day, orally) and curcumin (200 mg/kg/day, orally) were administered daily for another 21 days. Ars and curcumin corrected kidney function markers as creatinine clearance and urea nitrogen. Both agents ameliorated fibrosis as shown by lowered TGF-β1 mRNA levels, α-SMA protein levels, and hydroxylproline content. Cisplatin-activated Hh signaling which was blocked by both Ars and curcumin as demonstrated by decreased mRNA levels of Shh, Smo, and Ptch and suppressed renal Gli1 and Gli2 protein levels. Our results indicate new therapeutic roles for Ars and curcumin and suggest that blocking Hh signaling may be a promising approach for alleviating renal fibrosis. Symbols indicate α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta; Ptch, patched; Smo, smoothened; Shh, sonic hedgehog; Ihh, Indian hedgehog; Dhh, desert hedgehog; and SUFU, suppressor of fused.
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30
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Zhuo H, Zhou D, Wang Y, Mo H, Yu Y, Liu Y. Sonic hedgehog selectively promotes lymphangiogenesis after kidney injury through noncanonical pathway. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1022-F1033. [PMID: 31411078 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00077.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is associated with an increased lymphangiogenesis, characterized by the formation and expansion of new lymphatic vessels. However, the trigger and underlying mechanism responsible for the growth of lymphatic vessels in diseased kidney remain poorly defined. Here, we report that tubule-derived sonic hedgehog (Shh) ligand is a novel lymphangiogenic factor that plays a crucial role in mediating lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation and expansion. Shh was induced in renal tubular epithelium in various models of fibrotic chronic kidney disease, and this was accompanied by an expansion of lymphatic vessels in adjacent areas. In vitro, Shh selectively promoted the proliferation of human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs) but not human umbilical vein endothelial cells, as assessed by cell counting, MTT assay, and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. Shh also induced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3, cyclin D1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in HDLECs. Shh did not affect the expression of Gli1, the downstream target and readout of canonical hedgehog signaling, but activated ERK-1/2 in HDLECs. Inhibition of Smoothened with small-molecule inhibitor or blockade of ERK-1/2 activation abolished the lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation induced by Shh. In vivo, inhibition of Smoothened also repressed lymphangiogenesis and attenuated renal fibrosis. This study identifies Shh as a novel mitogen that selectively promotes lymphatic, but not vascular, endothelial cell proliferation and suggests that tubule-derived Shh plays an essential role in mediating lymphangiogenesis after kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhuo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hongyan Mo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Youhua Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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31
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Formica C, Happé H, Veraar KA, Vortkamp A, Scharpfenecker M, McNeill H, Peters DJ. Four-jointed knock-out delays renal failure in an ADPKD model with kidney injury. J Pathol 2019; 249:114-125. [PMID: 31038742 PMCID: PMC6772084 DOI: 10.1002/path.5286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease is characterised by the development of fluid‐filled cysts in the kidneys which lead to end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). In the majority of cases, the disease is caused by a mutation in the Pkd1 gene. In a previous study, we demonstrated that renal injury can accelerate cyst formation in Pkd1 knock‐out (KO) mice. In that study, we found that after injury four‐jointed (Fjx1), an upstream regulator of planar cell polarity and the Hippo pathway, was aberrantly expressed in Pkd1 KO mice compared to WT. Therefore, we hypothesised a role for Fjx1 in injury/repair and cyst formation. We generated single and double deletion mice for Pkd1 and Fjx1, and we induced toxic renal injury using the nephrotoxic compound 1,2‐dichlorovinyl‐cysteine. We confirmed that nephrotoxic injury can accelerate cyst formation in Pkd1 mutant mice. This caused Pkd1 KO mice to reach ESRD significantly faster; unexpectedly, double KO mice survived significantly longer. Cyst formation was comparable in both models, but we found significantly less fibrosis and macrophage infiltration in double KO mice. Taken together, these data suggest that Fjx1 disruption protects the cystic kidneys against kidney failure by reducing inflammation and fibrosis. Moreover, we describe, for the first time, an interesting (yet unidentified) mechanism that partially discriminates cyst growth from fibrogenesis. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Formica
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hester Happé
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberley Am Veraar
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Vortkamp
- Department of Developmental Biology, Centre of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Helen McNeill
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dorien Jm Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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32
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Liang R, Kagwiria R, Zehender A, Dees C, Bergmann C, Ramming A, Krasowska D, Michalska-Jakubus M, Kreuter A, Kraner ME, Schett G, Distler JHW. Acyltransferase skinny hedgehog regulates TGFβ-dependent fibroblast activation in SSc. Ann Rheum Dis 2019; 78:1269-1273. [PMID: 31177096 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterised by aberrant hedgehog signalling in fibrotic tissues. The hedgehog acyltransferase (HHAT) skinny hedgehog catalyses the attachment of palmitate onto sonic hedgehog (SHH). Palmitoylation of SHH is required for multimerisation of SHH proteins, which is thought to promote long-range, endocrine hedgehog signalling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of HHAT in the pathogenesis of SSc. METHODS Expression of HHAT was analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), immunofluorescence and histomorphometry. The effects of HHAT knockdown were analysed by reporter assays, target gene studies and quantification of collagen release and myofibroblast differentiation in cultured human fibroblasts and in two mouse models. RESULTS The expression of HHAT was upregulated in dermal fibroblasts of patients with SSc in a transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)/SMAD-dependent manner. Knockdown of HHAT reduced TGFβ-induced hedgehog signalling as well as myofibroblast differentiation and collagen release in human dermal fibroblasts. Knockdown of HHAT in the skin of mice ameliorated bleomycin-induced and topoisomerase-induced skin fibrosis. CONCLUSION HHAT is regulated in SSc in a TGFβ-dependent manner and in turn stimulates TGFβ-induced long-range hedgehog signalling to promote fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis. Targeting of HHAT might be a novel approach to more selectively interfere with the profibrotic effects of long-range hedgehog signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Rosebeth Kagwiria
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Ariella Zehender
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Clara Dees
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Christina Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Dorota Krasowska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Pediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Alexander Kreuter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereolog and Allergology, HELIOS St Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, University Witten-Herdecke, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Max E Kraner
- Department of Biology, Division of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3- Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Bayern, Germany
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Exercise Attenuates Acute β-Adrenergic Overactivation-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis by Modulating Cytokines. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2019; 12:528-538. [PMID: 31161536 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-019-09894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
During acute sympathetic stress, the overactivation of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) causes cardiac fibrosis by triggering inflammation and cytokine expression. It is unknown whether exercise training inhibits acute β-AR overactivation-induced cytokine expression and cardiac injury. Here, we report that running exercise inhibited cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function in mice treated with isoproterenol (ISO), a β-AR agonist. A cytokine antibody array revealed that running exercise prevented most of the changes in cytokine expression induced by ISO. Specifically, ISO-induced upregulation of 18 cytokines was prevented by running exercise. A Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis of these cytokines revealed that Hedgehog and RAP1 signaling pathways were involved in the regulation of cytokine expression by exercise. The changes in the expression of some cytokines that were prevented by exercise were verified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time PCR. In conclusion, running exercise prevented the cytokine expression changes after acute β-AR overactivation and therefore attenuated cardiac fibrosis. Acute sympathetic stress is an important risk factor for the patients with cardiovascular diseases, and the present study revealed that exercise training can prevent against the upregulation of cytokines and the subsequent cardiac injury induced by acute sympathetic stress, suggesting that exercise training may be beneficial for cardiovascular patients who are in risk of acute sympathetic stress. This finding provides a theoretical basis for the application of exercise training in patients who may suffer from acute sympathetic stress.
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Wu W, Liu C, Farrar CA, Ma L, Dong X, Sacks SH, Li K, Zhou W. Collectin-11 Promotes the Development of Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 29:168-181. [PMID: 29142050 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017050544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Collectin-11 is a recently described soluble C-type lectin, a pattern recognition molecule of the innate immune system that has distinct roles in host defense, embryonic development, and acute inflammation. However, little is known regarding the role of collectin-11 in tissue fibrosis. Here, we investigated collectin-11 in the context of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Compared with wild-type littermate controls, Collec11 deficient (CL-11-/- ) mice had significantly reduced renal functional impairment, tubular injury, renal leukocyte infiltration, renal tissue inflammation/fibrogenesis, and collagen deposition in the kidneys after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. In vitro, recombinant collectin-11 potently promoted leukocyte migration and renal fibroblast proliferation in a carbohydrate-dependent manner. Additionally, compared with wild-type kidney grafts, CL-11-/-mice kidney grafts displayed significantly reduced tubular injury and collagen deposition after syngeneic kidney transplant. Our findings demonstrate a pathogenic role for collectin-11 in the development of tubulointerstitial fibrosis and suggest that local collectin-11 promotes this fibrosis through effects on leukocyte chemotaxis and renal fibroblast proliferation. This insight into the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial fibrosis may have implications for CKD mediated by other causes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiju Wu
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosa Biology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Chengfei Liu
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Conrad A Farrar
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosa Biology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Liang Ma
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosa Biology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Xia Dong
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosa Biology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Steven H Sacks
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosa Biology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Ke Li
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wuding Zhou
- Medical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosa Biology, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom; and
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Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells prevent adriamycin nephropathy in mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103640-103656. [PMID: 29262590 PMCID: PMC5732756 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iPS-MSCs) are emerging as attractive options for use in cell replacement therapy, but their effect in kidney diseases remains unknown. Here, we showed that intravenous injection of iPS-MSCs protect against renal function loss in both short-term and long-term models of adriamycin nephropathy (AN). In the short-term AN model, iPS-MSCs conferred a substantial anti-apoptotic effect on tubular cells, associated with a downregulation of Bax and Bax/Bcl2 ratio and an upregulation of survivin expression. In vitro, conditioned medium from iPS-MSCs (iPSMSC-CM) significantly limited albumin-induced tubular apoptosis and enhanced tubular proliferation, accompanied by a reduced expression of tubular Bax and an elevated expression of Bcl2 and survivin. Oxidative stress was markedly attenuated by iPS-MSCs both in AN mice and in protein-overloaded tubular cells. In the long-term AN model, repeated injections of iPS-MSCs significantly inhibited tubulointerstitial fibrosis and reduced intrarenal deposition of collagen I, collagen IV and αSMA. Modulation of the hedgehog signaling pathway contributed to the anti-fibrotic effect of iPS-MSCs in chronic AN. Finally, we detected that most of the infused iPS-MSCs were entrapped in the lungs. In conclusion, our data support a beneficial role of iPS-MSCs in both acute and chronic AN.
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36
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He L, Wei Q, Liu J, Yi M, Liu Y, Liu H, Sun L, Peng Y, Liu F, Venkatachalam MA, Dong Z. AKI on CKD: heightened injury, suppressed repair, and the underlying mechanisms. Kidney Int 2017; 92:1071-1083. [PMID: 28890325 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interconnected. Although AKI-to-CKD transition has been intensively studied, the information of AKI on CKD is very limited. Nonetheless, AKI, when occurring in patients with CKD, is known to be more severe and difficult to recover. CKD is associated with significant changes in cell signaling in kidney tissues, including the activation of transforming growth factor-β, p53, hypoxia-inducible factor, and major developmental pathways. At the cellular level, CKD is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and aberrant autophagy. At the tissue level, CKD is characterized by chronic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. These pathologic changes may contribute to the heightened sensitivity of, and nonrecovery from, AKI in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu He
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mixuan Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Youming Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Manjeri A Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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Lan X, Wen H, Cheng K, Plagov A, Marashi Shoshtari SS, Malhotra A, Singhal PC. Hedgehog pathway plays a vital role in HIV-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of podocyte. Exp Cell Res 2017; 352:193-201. [PMID: 28159470 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is characterized by heavy proteinuria, rapidly progressive renal failure, and distinct morphological features in the kidney. HIV-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is critically important for the progression of kidney injury. In this study, we tested the role of hedgehog pathway in the HIV-induced EMT and fibrosis of kidney. We used the Tg26 mice, the abundantly used HIVAN mouse model, to investigate the activation of hedgehog pathway by HIV. Western blotting and real time PCR results showed that renal tissue expression of hedgehog pathway related molecules, including hedgehog homologous (Shh, Ihh, Dhh), PTCH, and Gli1, were increased in HIVAN (Tg26) mice; while immunofluorescent staining displayed localization PTCH expression in podocytes. For in vitro studies, we used recombinant sonic hedgehog (Shh) and HIV for their expression by podocytes. Both the methods activated the hedgehog pathway, enhanced the expression of EMT markers, and decreased impermeability. Overexpression of Gli1 by human podocytes also augmented their expression of EMT markers. On the other hand, the blockade of hedgehog pathway with Gant 58, a specific blocker for Gli1-induced transcription, dramatically decreased HIV-induced podocyte EMT and permeability. These results indicate that hedgehog pathway plays an important role in HIV-induced podocyte injury. The present study provides mechanistical insight into a new target for therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Lan
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra Northwell Medical School, NY, USA.
| | - Hongxiu Wen
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra Northwell Medical School, NY, USA
| | - Kang Cheng
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra Northwell Medical School, NY, USA
| | - Andrei Plagov
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra Northwell Medical School, NY, USA
| | | | - Ashwani Malhotra
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra Northwell Medical School, NY, USA
| | - Pravin C Singhal
- Renal Molecular Research Laboratory, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra Northwell Medical School, NY, USA.
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