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Roda D, Veiga P, Melo JB, Carreira IM, Ribeiro IP. Principles in the Management of Glioblastoma. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:501. [PMID: 38674436 PMCID: PMC11050118 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most aggressive and common malignant primary brain tumour, is characterized by infiltrative growth, abundant vascularization, and aggressive clinical evolution. Patients with glioblastoma often face poor prognoses, with a median survival of approximately 15 months. Technological progress and the subsequent improvement in understanding the pathophysiology of these tumours have not translated into significant achievements in therapies or survival outcomes for patients. Progress in molecular profiling has yielded new omics data for a more refined classification of glioblastoma. Several typical genetic and epigenetic alterations in glioblastoma include mutations in genes regulating receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/rat sarcoma (RAS)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), p53, and retinoblastoma protein (RB) signalling, as well as mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), methylation of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor vIII, and codeletion of 1p/19q. Certain microRNAs, such as miR-10b and miR-21, have also been identified as prognostic biomarkers. Effective treatment options for glioblastoma are limited. Surgery, radiotherapy, and alkylating agent chemotherapy remain the primary pillars of treatment. Only promoter methylation of the gene MGMT predicts the benefit from alkylating chemotherapy with temozolomide and it guides the choice of first-line treatment in elderly patients. Several targeted strategies based on tumour-intrinsic dominant signalling pathways and antigenic tumour profiles are under investigation in clinical trials. This review explores the potential genetic and epigenetic biomarkers that could be deployed as analytical tools in the diagnosis and prognostication of glioblastoma. Recent clinical advancements in treating glioblastoma are also discussed, along with the potential of liquid biopsies to advance personalized medicine in the field of glioblastoma, highlighting the challenges and promises for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingos Roda
- Algarve Radiation Oncology Unit—Joaquim Chaves Saúde (JCS), 8000-316 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Veiga
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.V.); (J.B.M.)
| | - Joana Barbosa Melo
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.V.); (J.B.M.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques Carreira
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.V.); (J.B.M.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ilda Patrícia Ribeiro
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.V.); (J.B.M.)
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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2
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Heymer EJ, Hawkins MM, Winter DL, Teepen JC, Sunguc C, Ronckers CM, Allodji RS, Alessi D, Sugden E, Belle FN, Bagnasco F, Byrne J, Bárdi E, Garwicz S, Grabow D, Jankovic M, Kaatsch P, Kaiser M, Michel G, Schindera C, Haddy N, Journy N, Česen Mazić M, Skinner R, Kok JL, Gunnes MW, Wiebe T, Sacerdote C, Maule MM, Terenziani M, Jakab Z, Winther JF, Lähteenmäki PM, Zadravec Zaletel L, Haupt R, Kuehni CE, Kremer LC, de Vathaire F, Hjorth L, Reulen RC. Risk of subsequent gliomas and meningiomas among 69,460 5-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup study. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:976-986. [PMID: 38243010 PMCID: PMC10951281 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer survivors are at risk of subsequent gliomas and meningiomas, but the risks beyond age 40 years are uncertain. We quantified these risks in the largest ever cohort. METHODS Using data from 69,460 5-year childhood cancer survivors (diagnosed 1940-2008), across Europe, standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and cumulative incidence were calculated. RESULTS In total, 279 glioma and 761 meningioma were identified. CNS tumour (SIR: 16.2, 95% CI: 13.7, 19.2) and leukaemia (SIR: 11.2, 95% CI: 8.8, 14.2) survivors were at greatest risk of glioma. The SIR for CNS tumour survivors was still 4.3-fold after age 50 (95% CI: 1.9, 9.6), and for leukaemia survivors still 10.2-fold after age 40 (95% CI: 4.9, 21.4). Following cranial radiotherapy (CRT), the cumulative incidence of a glioma in CNS tumour survivors was 2.7%, 3.7% and 5.0% by ages 40, 50 and 60, respectively, whilst for leukaemia this was 1.2% and 1.7% by ages 40 and 50. The cumulative incidence of a meningioma after CRT in CNS tumour survivors doubled from 5.9% to 12.5% between ages 40 and 60, and in leukaemia survivors increased from 5.8% to 10.2% between ages 40 and 50. DISCUSSION Clinicians following up survivors should be aware that the substantial risks of meningioma and glioma following CRT are sustained beyond age 40 and be vigilant for symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Heymer
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael M Hawkins
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - David L Winter
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jop C Teepen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ceren Sunguc
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cécile M Ronckers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rodrigue S Allodji
- Radiation Epidemiology Team, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM U1018, University Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Daniela Alessi
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elaine Sugden
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fabiën N Belle
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Julianne Byrne
- Boyne Research Institute, c/o no. 1, The Maples, Bettystown, Co Meath, A92 C635, Ireland
| | - Edit Bárdi
- St Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Stanislaw Garwicz
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Desiree Grabow
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Momcilo Jankovic
- Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Hospital San Gerardo, Via Donizetti 33, Monza, Italy
| | - Peter Kaatsch
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Melanie Kaiser
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gisela Michel
- Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Christina Schindera
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Haematology, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Haddy
- Radiation Epidemiology Team, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM U1018, University Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Neige Journy
- Radiation Epidemiology Team, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM U1018, University Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Maja Česen Mazić
- University Children's Hospital Ljubljana, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roderick Skinner
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Judith L Kok
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria W Gunnes
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Registration, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Wiebe
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Milena M Maule
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Terenziani
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Zsuzsanna Jakab
- Hungarian Childhood Cancer Registry, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jeanette F Winther
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Childhood Cancer Research Group, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Päivi M Lähteenmäki
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Riccardo Haupt
- DOPO Clinic, Division of Hematology/Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Leontien C Kremer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Florent de Vathaire
- Radiation Epidemiology Team, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, INSERM U1018, University Paris Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lars Hjorth
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Raoul C Reulen
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Survivor Studies, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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McDonald MF, Prather LL, Helfer CR, Ludmir EB, Echeverria AE, Yust-Katz S, Patel AJ, Deneen B, Rao G, Jalali A, Dhar SU, Amos CI, Mandel JJ. Prevalence of pathogenic germline variants in adult-type diffuse glioma. Neurooncol Pract 2023; 10:482-490. [PMID: 37720399 PMCID: PMC10502787 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background No consensus germline testing guidelines currently exist for glioma patients, so the prevalence of germline pathogenic variants remains unknown. This study aims to determine the prevalence and type of pathogenic germline variants in adult glioma. Methods A retrospective review at a single institution with paired tumor/normal sequencing from August 2018-April 2022 was performed and corresponding clinical data were collected. Results We identified 152 glioma patients of which 15 (9.8%) had pathogenic germline variants. Pathogenic germline variants were seen in 11/84 (13.1%) of Glioblastoma, IDH wild type; 3/42 (7.1%) of Astrocytoma, IDH mutant; and 1/26 (3.8%) of Oligodendroglioma, IDH mutant, and 1p/19q co-deleted patients. Pathogenic variants in BRCA2, MUTYH, and CHEK2 were most common (3/15, 20% each). BRCA1 variants occurred in 2/15 (13%) patients, with variants in NF1, ATM, MSH2, and MSH3 occurring in one patient (7%) each. Prior cancer diagnosis was found in 5/15 patients (33%). Second-hit somatic variants were seen in 3/15 patients (20%) in NF1, MUTYH, and MSH2. Referral to genetics was performed in 6/15 (40%) patients with pathogenic germline variants. 14/15 (93%) of patients discovered their pathogenic variant as a result of their paired glioma sequencing. Conclusions These findings suggest a possible overlooked opportunity for determination of hereditary cancer syndromes with impact on surveillance as well as potential broader treatment options. Further studies that can determine the role of variants in gliomagenesis and confirm the occurrence and types of pathogenic germline variants in patients with IDH wild type compared to IDH mutant tumors are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm F McDonald
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lyndsey L Prather
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cassandra R Helfer
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ethan B Ludmir
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alfredo E Echeverria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Akash J Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ali Jalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shweta U Dhar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chris I Amos
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jacob J Mandel
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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4
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Ghauri MS, Reddy AJ, Tabaie E, Issagholian L, Brahmbhatt T, Seo Y, Dang A, Nawathey N, Bachir A, Patel R. Evaluating the Utilization of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid as a Treatment Supplement for Gliomas. Cureus 2022; 14:e31617. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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5
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Liquid Biopsy in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143394. [PMID: 35884454 PMCID: PMC9323318 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor. Despite intensive research for new treatments, the survival of patients has not significantly improved in recent decades. Currently, glioblastoma is mainly diagnosed by neuroimaging techniques followed by histopathological and molecular analysis of the resected or biopsied tissue. Both imaging and tissue-based methods have, despite their advantages, some important limitations highlighting the necessity for alternative techniques such as liquid biopsy. It appears as an attractive and non-invasive alternative to support the diagnosis and the follow-up of patients with glioblastoma and to identify early recurrence. Liquid biopsy, primarily through blood tests, involves the detection and quantification of tumoral content released by tumors into the biofluids. The aim of the present review is to discuss the biological bases, the advantages, and the disadvantages of the most important circulating biomarkers so far proposed for glioblastoma. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Despite recent advances in therapy modalities, the overall survival of GBM patients remains poor. GBM diagnosis relies on neuroimaging techniques. However, confirmation via histopathological and molecular analysis is necessary. Given the intrinsic limitations of such techniques, liquid biopsy (mainly via blood samples) emerged as a non-invasive and easy-to-implement alternative that could aid in both the diagnosis and the follow-up of GBM patients. Cancer cells release tumoral content into the bloodstream, such as circulating tumor DNA, circulating microRNAs, circulating tumor cells, extracellular vesicles, or circulating nucleosomes: all these could serve as a marker of GBM. In this narrative review, we discuss the current knowledge, the advantages, and the disadvantages of each circulating biomarker so far proposed.
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Francis SS, Ostrom QT, Cote DJ, Smith TR, Claus E, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. The Epidemiology of Central Nervous System Tumors. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2022; 36:23-42. [PMID: 34801162 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the current epidemiology of central nervous system tumors. Population-level basic epidemiology, nationally and internationally, and current understanding of germline genetic risk are discussed, with a focus on known and well-studied risk factors related to the etiology of central nervous system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Francis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Division of Neuro and Molecular Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 1450 3rd Street, HD442, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, 571 Research Drive, MSRB-1, Rm 442, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David J Cote
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 N State Street, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Timothy R Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, Computational Neuroscience Outcomes Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth Claus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University, Yale School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, Trans-Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), NCI Shady Grove, 9609 Medical Center Dr, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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7
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He F, Xia Y, Ling X. Diagnosis and Individualized Treatment of Three Primary Malignant Tumors: A Case Report. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2021; 13:519-527. [PMID: 34526817 PMCID: PMC8437380 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s321390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Continuous optimization of diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors has led to significantly prolonged survival in cancer patients. Despite the recent increase in the incidence of multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMT), it remains rare in clinical practice; therefore, normative guidance on its etiology, diagnosis, and treatment is insufficient. Here we describe the case of a patient with three primary malignant tumors, namely breast cancer, diffuse astrocytoma, and hepatic malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComa) and discuss relevant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Xia
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Ling
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
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Bianchetti E, Bates SJ, Nguyen TTT, Siegelin MD, Roth KA. RAB38 Facilitates Energy Metabolism and Counteracts Cell Death in Glioblastoma Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071643. [PMID: 34209035 PMCID: PMC8306361 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a high-grade glial neoplasm with a patient survival of 12–18 months. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic targets is an urgent need. RAB38 is a GTPase protein implicated in regulating cell proliferation and survival in tumors. The role of RAB38 in glioblastoma is relatively unexplored. Here, we test the hypothesis that RAB38 regulates glioblastoma growth using human glioblastoma cell lines. We found that genetic interference of RAB38 resulted in a decrease in glioblastoma growth through inhibition of proliferation and cell death induction. Transcriptome analysis showed that RAB38 silencing leads to changes in genes related to mitochondrial metabolism and intrinsic apoptosis (e.g., Bcl-xL). Consistently, rescue experiments demonstrated that loss of RAB38 causes a reduction in glioblastoma viability through downregulation of Bcl-xL. Moreover, RAB38 knockdown inhibited both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. Interference with RAB38 enhanced cell death induced by BH3-mimetics. RAB38 antagonists are under development, but not yet clinically available. We found that FDA-approved statins caused a rapid reduction in RAB38 protein levels, increased cell death, and phenocopied some of the molecular changes elicited by loss of RAB38. In summary, our findings suggest that RAB38 is a potential therapeutic target for glioblastoma treatment.
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9
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Ross JL, Vega JV, Plant A, MacDonald TJ, Becher OJ, Hambardzumyan D. Tumor immune landscape of paediatric high-grade gliomas. Brain 2021; 144:2594-2609. [PMID: 33856022 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made towards elucidating the origin and genomic landscape of childhood high-grade brain tumors. It has become evident that pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) differ from adult HGGs with respect to multiple defining aspects including: DNA copy number, gene expression profiles, tumor locations within the central nervous system, and genetic alterations such as somatic histone mutations. Despite these advances, clinical trials for children with glioma have historically been based on ineffective adult regimens that fail to take into consideration the fundamental biological differences between the two. Additionally, although our knowledge of the intrinsic cellular mechanisms driving tumor progression has considerably expanded, little is known concerning the dynamic tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in pHGGs. In this review, we explore the genetic and epigenetic landscape of pHGGs and how this drives the creation of specific tumor sub-groups with meaningful survival outcomes. Further, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the pHGG TIME and discuss emerging therapeutic efforts aimed at exploiting the immune functions of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jose Velazquez Vega
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ashley Plant
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Oren J Becher
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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10
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Jalali A, Yu K, Beechar V, Bosquez Huerta NA, Grichuk A, Mehra D, Lozzi B, Kong K, Scott KL, Rao G, Bainbridge MN, Bondy ML, Deneen B. POT1 Regulates Proliferation and Confers Sexual Dimorphism in Glioma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2703-2713. [PMID: 33782098 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Germline POT1 mutations are found in a spectrum of cancers and confer increased risk. Recently, we identified a series of novel germline POT1 mutations that predispose carrier families to the development of glioma. Despite these strong associations, how these glioma-associated POT1 mutations contribute to glioma tumorigenesis remains undefined. Here we show that POT1-G95C increases proliferation in glioma-initiating cells in vitro and in progenitor populations in the developing brain. In a native mouse model of glioma, loss of Pot1a/b resulted in decreased survival in females compared with males. These findings were corroborated in human glioma, where low POT1 expression correlated with decreased survival in females. Transcriptomic and IHC profiling of Pot1a/b-deficient glioma revealed that tumors in females exhibited decreased expression of immune markers and increased expression of cell-cycle signatures. Similar sex-dependent trends were observed in human gliomas that had low expression of POT1. Together, our studies demonstrate context-dependent functions for POT1 mutation or loss in driving progenitor proliferation in the developing brain and sexual dimorphism in glioma. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows that manipulation of POT1 expression in glioma has sex-specific effects on tumorigenesis and associated immune signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kwanha Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Vivek Beechar
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Navish A Bosquez Huerta
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Anthony Grichuk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Deepika Mehra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Brittney Lozzi
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kathleen Kong
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kenneth L Scott
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Matthew N Bainbridge
- Rady Children's Institute of Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, California
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. .,Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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11
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Mumtaz SM, Bhardwaj G, Goswami S, Tonk RK, Goyal RK, Abu-Izneid T, Pottoo FH. Management of Glioblastoma Multiforme by Phytochemicals: Applications of Nanoparticle-Based Targeted Drug Delivery System. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:429-442. [PMID: 32718288 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200727115454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM; grade IV astrocytoma) exhorts tumors of star-shaped glial cells in the brain. It is a fast-growing tumor that spreads to nearby brain regions specifically to cerebral hemispheres in frontal and temporal lobes. The etiology of GBM is unknown, but major risk factors are genetic disorders like neurofibromatosis and schwannomatosis, which develop the tumor in the nervous system. The management of GBM with chemo-radiotherapy leads to resistance, and current drug regimen like Temozolomide (TMZ) is less efficacious. The reasons behind the failure of drugs are due to DNA alkylation in the cell cycle by enzyme DNA guanidase and mitochondrial dysfunction. Naturally occurring bioactive compounds from plants referred as phytochemicals, serve as vital sources for anti-cancer drugs. Some prototypical examples include taxol analogs, vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine), podophyllotoxin analogs, camptothecin, curcumin, aloe-emodin, quercetin, berberine etc. These phytochemicals often regulate diverse molecular pathways, which are implicated in the growth and progression of cancers. However, the challenges posed by the presence of BBB/BBTB to restrict the passage of these phytochemicals, culminates in their low bioavailability and relative toxicity. In this review, we integrated nanotech as a novel drug delivery system to deliver phytochemicals from traditional medicine to the specific site within the brain for the management of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed M Mumtaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Shikha Goswami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Tonk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh K Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, PusphVihar Sector-3, M.B Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Tareq Abu-Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Poetsch L, Bronnimann C, Loiseau H, Frénel JS, Siegfried A, Seizeur R, Gauchotte G, Cappellen D, Carpentier C, Figarella-Branger D, Eimer S, Meyronet D, Ducray F. Characteristics of IDH-mutant gliomas with non-canonical IDH mutation. J Neurooncol 2020; 151:279-286. [PMID: 33205355 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 10% of IDH-mutant gliomas harbour non-canonical IDH mutations (non-p.R132H IDH1 and IDH2 mutations). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of non-canonical IDH-mutant gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed the characteristics of 166 patients with non-canonical IDH mutant gliomas and compared them to those of 155 consecutive patients with IDH1 p.R132H mutant gliomas. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 38 years in patients with non-canonical IDH mutant gliomas and 43 years in glioma patients with IDH1 p.R132H-mutant tumours. Family history of cancer was more frequent among glioma patients harbouring non-canonical IDH mutations than in patients with IDH1 p.R132H mutations (22.2% vs 5.1%; P < 0.05). Tumours were predominantly localised in the frontal lobe regardless of the type of IDH mutation. Compared to IDH1 p.R132H-mutant gliomas, tumours with non-canonical IDH mutations were more frequently found in the infratentorial region (5.5% vs 0%; P < 0.05) and were often multicentric (4.8% vs 0.9%; P < 0.05). Compared to IDH1 P.R132H-mutant gliomas, tumours with non-canonical IDH1 mutations were more frequently astrocytomas (65.6% vs 43%, P < 0.05), while those with IDH2 mutations were more frequently oligodendrogliomas (85% vs 48.3%; P < 0.05). The median overall survival was similar in patients with IDH1 p.R132H-mutant gliomas and patients with non-canonical IDH-mutant gliomas. CONCLUSION Gliomas with non-canonical IDH mutations have distinct radiological and histological characteristics. The presence of such tumours seems to be associated with genetic predisposition to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poetsch
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux- Hôpital Saint André, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - C Bronnimann
- Service d'Oncologie Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux- Hôpital Saint André, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - H Loiseau
- Service de Neurochirurgie B, CHU de Bordeaux - Hôpital Pellegrin, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,EA 7435 - IMOTION (Imagerie moléculaire et thérapies innovantes en oncologie) Université de Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - J S Frénel
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Centre René Gauducheau, 44800, Saint Herblain, France
| | - A Siegfried
- Service de Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - R Seizeur
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, CHRU de Brest, Université de Brest, Brest, France
| | - G Gauchotte
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CRB BB-0033-00035, CHRU de Nancy, INSERM U1256, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - D Cappellen
- U1035 Inserm - Biothérapie des Maladies Génétiques, Inflammatoires et Cancers (BMGIC), Univ. Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France.,Service de Biologie des Tumeurs, CHU de Bordeaux - Hôpital du Haut Lévêque, 33604, Pessac, France
| | - C Carpentier
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epiniere, ICM, 75013, Paris, France
| | - D Figarella-Branger
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, CHU Timone, Service d'Anatomie Pathologique et de Neuropathologie, Marseille, France
| | - S Eimer
- Service de Pathologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Pellegrin, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - D Meyronet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Cell Plasticity department, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Neuro-oncology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - F Ducray
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Cell Plasticity department, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Neuro-oncology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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13
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Chavda V, Patel V, Yadav D, Shah J, Patel S, Jin JO. Therapeutics and Research Related to Glioblastoma: Advancements and Future Targets. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 21:186-198. [DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200408083950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most common primary brain tumor, has been recognized as one of the most lethal and
fatal human tumors. It has a dismal prognosis, and survival after diagnosis is less than 15 months. Surgery and radiotherapy
are the only available treatment options at present. However, numerous approaches have been made to upgrade
in vivo and in vitro models with the primary goal of assessing abnormal molecular pathways that would be
suitable targets for novel therapeutic approaches. Novel drugs, delivery systems, and immunotherapy strategies to
establish new multimodal therapies that target the molecular pathways involved in tumor initiation and progression in
glioblastoma are being studied. The goal of this review was to describe the pathophysiology, neurodegeneration
mechanisms, signaling pathways, and future therapeutic targets associated with glioblastomas. The key features have
been detailed to provide an up-to-date summary of the advancement required in current diagnosis and therapeutics
for glioblastoma. The role of nanoparticulate system graphene quantum dots as suitable therapy for glioblastoma has
also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Chavda
- Department of Pharmacology, Nirma University, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Vimal Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nirma University, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Korea
| | - Jigar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nirma University, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Snehal Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Nirma University, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Korea
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14
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Mousavi SM, Rigi S, Shayanfar M, Mohammad-Shirazi M, Sharifi G, Esmaillzadeh A. Refined grains consumption is associated with a greater odds of glioma. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:432-440. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1758889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somaye Rigi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shayanfar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Mohammad-Shirazi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giuve Sharifi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Papageorgiou GI, Razis ED. CNS Tumors in Adolescents and Young Adults: The Need for a Holistic Specialized Approach. JCO Oncol Pract 2020; 16:155-162. [DOI: 10.1200/jop.18.00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CNS tumors are one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in the 15- to 39-year-old age group. The management of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) who are diagnosed with brain tumors presents unique endocrine, developmental, and psychosocial issues. AYAs are frequently diagnosed late, after a prolonged period of misdiagnosis. The epidemiology, biology, prognosis, and overall management of these tumors differ from those of both older and younger age groups. AYAs are usually in a transitional phase in their lives, and brain tumors in this age group carry a better prognosis than in older adults; thus, special attention should be paid to survivorship care. Fertility and other treatment-related sequelae that affect the quality of life, as well as the increased risk of secondary malignancies in long-term survivors, are such examples. Although most AYAs are managed by adult or, to a lesser extent pediatric, oncologists, a multidisciplinary approach in the setting of specialized centers with increased participation in clinical trials is preferable. End-of-life and palliative care remain an unmet need for these patients, because most physicians lack the training to discuss such issues with young patients.
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16
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Molinaro AM, Taylor JW, Wiencke JK, Wrensch MR. Genetic and molecular epidemiology of adult diffuse glioma. Nat Rev Neurol 2019; 15:405-417. [PMID: 31227792 PMCID: PMC7286557 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-019-0220-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The WHO 2007 glioma classification system (based primarily on tumour histology) resulted in considerable interobserver variability and substantial variation in patient survival within grades. Furthermore, few risk factors for glioma were known. Discoveries over the past decade have deepened our understanding of the molecular alterations underlying glioma and have led to the identification of numerous genetic risk factors. The advances in molecular characterization of glioma have reframed our understanding of its biology and led to the development of a new classification system for glioma. The WHO 2016 classification system comprises five glioma subtypes, categorized by both tumour morphology and molecular genetic information, which led to reduced misclassification and improved consistency of outcomes within glioma subtypes. To date, 25 risk loci for glioma have been identified and several rare inherited mutations that might cause glioma in some families have been discovered. This Review focuses on the two dominant trends in glioma science: the characterization of diagnostic and prognostic tumour markers and the identification of genetic and other risk factors. An overview of the many challenges still facing glioma researchers is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette M Molinaro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Jennie W Taylor
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John K Wiencke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Margaret R Wrensch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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17
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Chen H, Chen G, Li G, Zhang S, Chen H, Chen Y, Duggan D, Hu Z, Chen J, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Huang H, Zheng SL, Trent JM, Yu L, Jiang D, Mo Z, Wang H, Mou Y, Jiang T, Mao Y, Xu J, Lu D. Two novel genetic variants in the STK38L and RAB27A genes are associated with glioma susceptibility. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2372-2382. [PMID: 30714141 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumors with poor prognosis. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) of glioma in populations with Western European ancestry were completed in the US and UK. However, our previous results strongly suggest the genetic heterogeneity could be important in glioma risk. To systematically investigate glioma risk-associated variants in Chinese population, we performed a multistage GWAS of glioma in the Han Chinese population, with a total of 3,097 glioma cases and 4,362 controls. In addition to confirming two associations reported in other ancestry groups, this study identified one new risk-associated locus for glioma on chromosome 12p11.23 (rs10842893, pmeta = 2.33x10-12, STK38L) as well as a promising association at 15q15-21.1 (rs4774756, pmeta = 6.12x10-8, RAB27A) in 3,097 glioma cases and 4,362 controls. Our findings demonstrate two novel association between the glioma risk region marked by variant rs10842893 and rs4774756) and glioma risk. These findings may advance the understanding of genetic susceptibility to glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics and IVF Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dave Duggan
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juxing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiling Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Jeffrey M Trent
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, AZ
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yonggao Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL
| | - Daru Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Kim JY, Jackman JG, Woodring S, McSherry F, Herndon JE, Desjardins A, Friedman HS, Peters KB. Second primary cancers in long-term survivors of glioblastoma. Neurooncol Pract 2019; 6:386-391. [PMID: 31555453 PMCID: PMC6753354 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overall survival (OS) in glioblastoma (GBM) is poor at an average of 14 to 18 months, and long-term survivors (LTS) of GBM are rare. LTS of GBM, defined as surviving >5 years postdiagnosis, represent only 2% to 10% of all GBM patients. LTS of cancer are at high risk of developing second primary neoplasms. This study looks at occurrences of second primary neoplasms in LTS of GBM. Methods Records from adult patients newly diagnosed with GBM between January 1, 1998 and February 8, 2010, were retrospectively reviewed to identify LTS, defined as patients who survived ≥5 years. We focused on the identification of a new diagnosis of cancer occurring at least 2 years after the initial GBM diagnosis. Results We identified 155 LTS of GBM, with a median OS of 11.0 years (95% CI: 9.0 to 13.1 years) and a median follow-up of 9.6 years (95% CI: 8.7 to 10.7 years). In this cohort of patients, 13 (8.4%) LTS of GBM developed 17 secondary cancers. Eight could potentially be attributed to previous radiation and chemotherapy (skin cancer in radiation field [n = 4], leukemia [n = 2], low-grade glioma [n = 1], and sarcoma of the scalp [n = 1]). The other 9 cases included melanoma (n = 2), prostate cancer (n = 2), bladder cancer (n = 1), endometrioid adenocarcinoma (n = 1), basal cell carcinoma (n = 1), and renal cell carcinoma (n = 1). Conclusions Although second primary cancers are rare in GBM LTS, providers should continue close monitoring with appropriate oncologic care. Moreover, this highlights the need for survivorship care of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Young Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer G Jackman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah Woodring
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Frances McSherry
- Department of Biostatistics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - James E Herndon
- Department of Biostatistics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Annick Desjardins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Henry S Friedman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Katherine B Peters
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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19
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Hayes J, Yu Y, Jalbert LE, Mazor T, Jones LE, Wood MD, Walsh KM, Bengtsson H, Hong C, Oberndorfer S, Roetzer T, Smirnov IV, Clarke JL, Aghi MK, Chang SM, Nelson SJ, Woehrer A, Phillips JJ, Solomon DA, Costello JF. Genomic analysis of the origins and evolution of multicentric diffuse lower-grade gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:632-641. [PMID: 29077933 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rare multicentric lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) represent a unique opportunity to study the heterogeneity among distinct tumor foci in a single patient and to infer their origins and parallel patterns of evolution. Methods In this study, we integrate clinical features, histology, and immunohistochemistry for 4 patients with multicentric LGG, arising both synchronously and metachronously. For 3 patients we analyze the phylogeny of the lesions using exome sequencing, including one case with a total of 8 samples from the 2 lesions. Results One patient was diagnosed with multicentric isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutated diffuse astrocytomas harboring distinct IDH1 mutations, R132H and R132C; the latter mutation has been associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, which was subsequently confirmed in the patient's germline DNA and shown in additional cases with The Cancer Genome Atlas data. In another patient, phylogenetic analysis of synchronously arising grade II and grade III diffuse astrocytomas demonstrated a single shared mutation, IDH1 R132H, and revealed convergent evolution via non-overlapping mutations in ATRX and TP53. In 2 cases, there was divergent evolution of IDH1-mutated and 1p/19q-codeleted oligodendroglioma and IDH1-mutated and 1p/19q-intact diffuse astrocytoma, occurring synchronously in one case and metachronously in a second. Conclusions Each tumor in multicentric LGG cases may arise independently or may diverge very early in their development, presenting as genetically and histologically distinct tumors. Comprehensive sampling of these lesions can therefore significantly alter diagnosis and management. Additionally, somatic IDH1 R132C mutation in either multicentric or solitary LGG identifies unsuspected germline TP53 mutation, validating the limited number of published cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josie Hayes
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Llewellyn E Jalbert
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tali Mazor
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lindsey E Jones
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Matthew D Wood
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- Division of Neuroepidemiology, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Henrik Bengtsson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chibo Hong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stefan Oberndorfer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of St Poelten, St Poelten, Austria
| | - Thomas Roetzer
- Institute of Neurology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivan V Smirnov
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer L Clarke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,UCSF Brain Tumor Center, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Manish K Aghi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,UCSF Brain Tumor Center, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sarah J Nelson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adelheid Woehrer
- Institute of Neurology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David A Solomon
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joseph F Costello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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20
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Aminianfar A, Shayanfar M, Mohammad-Shirazi M, Sharifi G, Esmaillzadeh A. Egg Consumption in Relation to Glioma: A Case-Control Study. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:41-49. [PMID: 30596269 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1540712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Data on the link between egg consumption and brain tumors are limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between egg consumption and odds of glioma in Iranian adults. METHODS In this hospital-based case-control study, 128 newly-diagnosed cases of glioma and 256 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled from hospitals. Patients with pathologically confirmed glioma (without any other cancers) were considered eligible. We collected data on dietary intakes, including egg consumption, using a 126-item validated FFQ. Egg consumption was computed from all foods containing this food as their ingredients. Participants were categorized into tertiles of egg consumption. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between egg consumption and glioma. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex and energy intake, individuals in the middle tertile of egg consumption were 58% (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.24, 0.73) less likely to have glioma compared with those in the lowest tertile. Further adjustment for other potential confounders strengthened the association; such that participants with the greatest consumption of egg intake were 62% (0.38; 0.18, 0.76) less likely to have glioma compared with those with the lowest consumption. Additional controlling for dietary intakes did not change the association significantly (0.39; 0.18, 0.85). CONCLUSION We found an inverse association between egg consumption at the amount of almost 2 eggs/week and odds of glioma. Further studies are required to examine this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Aminianfar
- a Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,b Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mehdi Shayanfar
- c Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics , National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Minoo Mohammad-Shirazi
- c Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics , National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Giuve Sharifi
- c Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics , National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- b Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,d Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,e Department of Community Nutrition , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
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21
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Kumawat R, Gowda SH, Debnath E, Rashid S, Niwas R, Gupta Y, Upadaya AD, Suri A, Chandra PS, Gupta DK, Lakshmy R, Sarkar C, Sinha S, Chosdol K. Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Genes Encoding for Folate Metabolising Enzymes with Glioma and Meningioma in Indian Population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:3415-3425. [PMID: 30583664 PMCID: PMC6428555 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2018.19.12.3415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association of primary brain tumors with Single Nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of folate metabolising enzymes have been reported to vary among different ethnic population. Here, we have studied the association of SNPs of folate metabolizing genes with the primary brain tumors (glioma and meningioma) in North Indian population. Methods: SNPs of genes coding for folate metabolizing enzymes was carried out in 288 study population from North India [Glioma (n=108), Meningioma (n=76) and healthy-control (n=104)]. The allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) was used to analyse the SNP A1298C of the MTHFR (Methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase) and the SNP A66G of the methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) genes. The PCR-RLFP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) was used to analyse the SNP C677T of the Methylene tetrahydrofolate-reductase and the SNP A2756G of the methionine-synthase (MTR) genes. Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate levels were evaluated in controls/patients serum using Chemiluminescence immunoassay and the levels were correlated with SNPs genotype. Results: The CC genotype of MTHFR A1298C was observed to have reduced risk of having meningioma than AA genotype (odd ratio=0.62, 95%CI 0.32-0.97, p=0.03). Similarly, the AG genotype of MTRR A66G showed reduced risk of glioma than AA genotype (odd ratio=0.56, 95%CI 0.32-0.97, p=0.039). Furthermore, in patients with AA genotype of MTR A2756G and CT genotype of MTHFR C677T showed higher serum homocysteine level than GG genotype (8.6 µmol/L, p=0.048) and CC genotype (11.2µmol/L, p=0.039) respectively. Conclusion: Our findings provide an insight into the risk association of SNPs in MTHFR A1298C and MTRR A66G genes with glioma/meningioma patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate their clinical implications.
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22
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Familial melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome: synchronous diffuse astrocytoma and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in a patient with germline CDKN2A/B deletion and a significant family history. Clin Neuropathol 2018; 36:213-221. [PMID: 28699883 PMCID: PMC5628627 DOI: 10.5414/np301022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome is a tumor predisposition syndrome caused by inactivating germline alteration of the <italic>CDKN2A</italic> tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 9p21. While some families with germline <italic>CDKN2A</italic> mutations are prone to development of just melanomas, other families develop both melanomas, astrocytomas, and occasionally other nervous-system neoplasms including peripheral nerve sheath tumors and meningiomas. The histologic spectrum of the astrocytomas that arise as part of this syndrome is not well described, nor are the additional genetic alterations that drive these astrocytomas apart from the germline <italic>CDKN2A</italic> inactivation. Herein, we report the case of a young man with synchronous development of a pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, and paraspinal mass radiographically consistent with a peripheral nerve sheath tumor. His paternal family history is significant for melanoma, glioblastoma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Genomic profiling revealed that he harbors a heterozygous deletion in the germline of chromosome 9p21.3 encompassing the <italic>CDKN2A</italic> and <italic>CDKN2B</italic> tumor suppressor genes. Both the pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and diffuse astrocytoma were found to have homozygous deletion of <italic>CDKN2A/B</italic> due to somatic loss of the other copy of chromosome 9p containing the remaining intact alleles. Additional somatic alterations included <italic>BRAF</italic> p.V600E mutation in the pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and <italic>PTPN11</italic>, <italic>ATRX</italic>, and <italic>NF1</italic> mutations in the diffuse astrocytoma. The presence of germline <italic>CDKN2A/B</italic> inactivation together with the presence of multiple anatomically, histologically, and genetically distinct astrocytic neoplasms, both with accompanying somatic loss of heterozygosity for the <italic>CDKN2A/B</italic> deletion, led to a diagnosis of familial melanoma-astrocytoma syndrome. This remarkable case illustrates the histologic and genetic diversity that astrocytomas arising as part of this rare glioma predisposition syndrome can demonstrate.
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23
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Lapointe S, Perry A, Butowski NA. Primary brain tumours in adults. Lancet 2018; 392:432-446. [PMID: 30060998 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 789] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary CNS tumours refer to a heterogeneous group of tumours arising from cells within the CNS, and can be benign or malignant. Malignant primary brain tumours remain among the most difficult cancers to treat, with a 5 year overall survival no greater than 35%. The most common malignant primary brain tumours in adults are gliomas. Recent advances in molecular biology have improved understanding of glioma pathogenesis, and several clinically significant genetic alterations have been described. A number of these (IDH, 1p/19q codeletion, H3 Lys27Met, and RELA-fusion) are now combined with histology in the revised 2016 WHO classification of CNS tumours. It is likely that understanding such molecular alterations will contribute to the diagnosis, grading, and treatment of brain tumours. This progress in genomics, along with significant advances in cancer and CNS immunology, has defined a new era in neuro-oncology and holds promise for diagntic and therapeutic improvement. The challenge at present is to translate these advances into effective treatments. Current efforts are focused on developing molecular targeted therapies, immunotherapies, gene therapies, and novel drug-delivery technologies. Results with single-agent therapies have been disappointing so far, and combination therapies seem to be required to achieve a broad and durable antitumour response. Biomarker-targeted clinical trials could improve efficiencies of therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lapointe
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Arie Perry
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas A Butowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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24
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Giantini Larsen A, Grannan BL, Lee CK, Koch MJ, Williams EA, Frosch MP, Cahill DP. Malignant Melanoma Metastatic to Oligodendroglioma: Case Report and Literature Review of Tumor-to-Tumor Metastasis to Gliomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2018; 77:549-554. [PMID: 29746652 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is an uncommon phenomenon, and a metastasis from an extracranial donor tumor to an intracranial recipient tumor is extremely rare. In particular, there are only 14 cases reported in the literature that describe a tumor-to-tumor metastasis involving a glioma. We present a rare case of an 83-year-old man with an 11-year history of lentigo maligna melanoma who presented with impaired balance and cognitive slowing and was found to have rapid progression of a previously known indolent right frontal brain mass. Pathologic examination of the tumor after resection revealed the presence of both malignant melanoma and an oligodendroglioma WHO grade II. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of malignant melanoma metastasizing to an oligodendroglioma that has been confirmed by immunohistochemistry and genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Giantini Larsen
- Department of Neurosurgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin L Grannan
- Department of Neurosurgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine K Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew J Koch
- Department of Neurosurgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Erik A Williams
- Department of Pathology at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- Department of Pathology at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel P Cahill
- Department of Neurosurgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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25
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Michaeli O, Tabori U. Pediatric High Grade Gliomas in the Context of Cancer Predisposition Syndromes. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2018; 61:319-332. [PMID: 29742882 PMCID: PMC5957320 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2018.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in cancer causing genes result in high risk of developing cancer throughout life. These cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) are especially prevalent in childhood brain tumors and impact both the patient’s and other family members’ survival. Knowledge of specific CPS may alter the management of the cancer, offer novel targeted therapies which may improve survival for these patients, and enables early detection of other malignancies. This review focuses on the role of CPS in pediatric high grade gliomas (PHGG), the deadliest group of childhood brain tumors. Genetic aspects and clinical features are depicted, allowing clinicians to identify and diagnose these syndromes. Challenges in the management of PHGG in the context of each CPS and the promise of innovative options of treatment and surveillance guidelines are discussed with the hope of improving outcome for individuals with these devastating syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orli Michaeli
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Uri Tabori
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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26
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Archer TC, Sengupta S, Pomeroy SL. Brain cancer genomics and epigenomics. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 148:785-797. [PMID: 29478614 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64076-5.00050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Classically, brain cancers have been graded and diagnosed based on histology and risk stratified by clinical criteria. Recent advances in genomics and epigenomics have ushered in an era of defining cancers based on molecular criteria. These advances have increased our precision of identifying oncogenic driving events and, most importantly, increased our precision at predicting clinical outcome. For the first time in its history, the 2016 revision of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System included molecular features as tumor classification criteria. Brain tumors can develop in the context of genetic cancer predisposition syndromes, such as Li-Fraumeni or Gorlin syndrome, but by far most commonly arise through the acquisition of somatic mutations and chromosome changes in the malignant cells. By taking a survey across this cancer landscape, certain themes emerge as being common events to drive cancer: DNA damage repair, genomic instability, mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway, sonic hedgehog pathway, hypoxia, and epigenetic dysfunction. Understanding these mechanisms is of paramount importance for improving targeted therapies, and for identifying the right patients for those therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenley C Archer
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Soma Sengupta
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Scott L Pomeroy
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States.
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27
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Lu J, Burnett MG, Shpak M. A Comparative Study of the Molecular Characteristics of Familial Gliomas and Other Cancers. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2016; 13:467-474. [PMID: 27807069 PMCID: PMC5219920 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial cancers are those that co-occur among first-degree relatives without showing Mendelian patterns of inheritance. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this analysis, we compare the genomic characteristics of familial and sporadic cancers, with a focus on low-grade gliomas (LGGs) using sequence and expression data from the Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS Familial cancers show similar genomic and molecular biomarker profiles to sporadic cancers, consistent with the similarity in their clinical features. There are no statistically significant differences among somatic mutation, copy number variant, or gene expression patterns between familial and sporadic cancers; methylation profiles are the only class of molecular data to show significant differences. CONCLUSION Familial cancers are likely driven by multiple, individually weak contributions to familiality (i.e. large numbers of alleles and/or shared environmental risks). Consequently, these risk factors tend to be obscured by stronger confounding variables such as clinical or molecular variation among cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- NeuroTexas Institute Research Foundation, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, TX, U.S.A
| | - Mark G Burnett
- NeuroTexas Institute Research Foundation, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, TX, U.S.A
| | - Max Shpak
- NeuroTexas Institute Research Foundation, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, TX, U.S.A.
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, TX, U.S.A
- Fresh Pond Research Institute, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A
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28
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Bonnet C, Thomas L, Psimaras D, Bielle F, Vauléon E, Loiseau H, Cartalat-Carel S, Meyronet D, Dehais C, Honnorat J, Sanson M, Ducray F. Characteristics of gliomas in patients with somatic IDH mosaicism. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2016; 4:31. [PMID: 27036230 PMCID: PMC4818526 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-016-0302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IDH mutations are found in the majority of adult, diffuse, low-grade and anaplastic gliomas and are also frequently found in cartilaginous tumors. Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome are two enchondromatosis syndromes characterized by the development of multiple benign cartilaginous tumors due to post-zygotic acquisition of IDH mutations. In addition to skeletal tumors, enchondromatosis patients sometimes develop gliomas. The aim of the present study was to determine whether gliomas in enchondromatosis patients might also result from somatic IDH mosaicism and whether their characteristics are similar to those of sporadic IDH-mutated gliomas. For this purpose, we analyzed the characteristics of 6 newly diagnosed and 32 previously reported cases of enchondromatosis patients who developed gliomas and compared them to those of a consecutive series of 159 patients with sporadic IDH-mutated gliomas. As was the case with sporadic IDH mutated gliomas, enchondromatosis gliomas were frequently located in the frontal lobe (54 %) and consisted of diffuse low-grade (73 %) or anaplastic gliomas (21 %). However, they were diagnosed at an earlier age (25.6 years versus 44 years, p < 0.001) and were more frequently multicentric (32 % versus 1 %, p < 0.001) and more frequently located within the brainstem than sporadic IDH mutated gliomas (21 % versus 1 %, p < 0.001). Their molecular profile was characterized by IDH mutations and loss of ATRX expression. In two patients, the same IDH mutation was demonstrated in the glioma and in a cartilaginous tumor. In contrast to sporadic IDH mutated gliomas, no enchondromatosis glioma harbored a 1p/19q co-deletion (0/6 versus 59/123, p = 0.03). The characteristics of gliomas in patients with enchondromatosis suggest that these tumors, as cartilaginous tumors, result from somatic IDH mosaicism and that the timing of IDH mutation acquisition might affect the location and molecular characteristics of gliomas. Early acquisition of IDH mutations could shift gliomagenesis towards the brainstem thereby mimicking the regional preference of histone mutated gliomas.
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Abstract
Glioblastoma is regarded as the most aggressive and most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite advancements in chemotherapy and radiotherapy, prognosis and overall survival of glioblastoma patients remain dismal. Recently, progresses in genetic profiling have increased our understanding of the underlying heterogenous molecular nature of this aggressive tumor. Several prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers have been identified that have been linked to patient's survival and response to treatment, respectively. Imaging genomics represents a novel entity in clinical sciences that bidirectionally links imaging features with underlying molecular profile and thus can serve as a surrogate for noninvasive genomic correlation, prediction, and identification.
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30
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MicroRNA-132 cause apoptosis of glioma cells through blockade of the SREBP-1c metabolic pathway related to SIRT1. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 78:177-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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31
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Gadalla SM, Pfeiffer RM, Kristinsson SY, Björkholm M, Landgren O, Greene MH. Brain tumors in patients with myotonic dystrophy: a population-based study. Eur J Neurol 2015; 23:542-7. [PMID: 26508558 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with myotonic dystrophy (DM) are at high risk of brain cancer. This study describes the spectrum of brain neoplasms in DM patients. METHODS Data from 1119 DM patients identified from the National Swedish Patient Register between 1987 and 2007 were linked to the National Cancer and the Cause of Death Registers. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and cumulative incidence to quantify the relative and absolute risks of brain neoplasms were calculated and the Kaplan-Meier estimator was used for survival analysis. Patient follow-up started at birth or the age at the start of Swedish cancer registration (1 January 1958) and ended at the age of brain neoplasm diagnosis, death or on 31 December 2007. RESULTS Twenty patients developed brain neoplasm during follow-up {median age 53, range 2-76 years, accounting for a five-fold excess risk of brain tumors during the patient lifetime [SIR = 5.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.4-8.1, P = 1 × 10(-5) ]}. Astrocytoma was the most common histological subtype (n = 16, 80%), and almost all cases (n = 19) developed after age 20. No statistically significant differences in gender-specific risks (SIR in men 6.3 and in women 3.8, P-heterogeneity 0.46) were observed. After accounting for competing mortality related to DM, the cumulative incidence of brain neoplasms reached 2.9% (95% CI 1.8%-4.7%) by age 70. Five-year survival after brain tumor diagnosis was 52% (95%CI 29%-75%) overall (number at risk 8) and 34% (95% CI 26%-47%) for malignant neoplasms (number at risk 5). CONCLUSION Despite the high relative risk of DM-related brain tumors, the absolute risk is modest. Nonetheless, careful evaluation of DM patients with new central nervous system symptoms is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Gadalla
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R M Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Y Kristinsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland and Department of Hematology, Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - M Björkholm
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - O Landgren
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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32
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Prabowo AS, van Thuijl HF, Scheinin I, Sie D, van Essen HF, Iyer AM, Spliet WGM, Ferrier CH, van Rijen PC, Veersema TJ, Thom M, Schouten-van Meeteren AYN, Reijneveld JC, Ylstra B, Wesseling P, Aronica E. Landscape of chromosomal copy number aberrations in gangliogliomas and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2015; 41:743-55. [PMID: 25764012 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Gangliogliomas (GGs) and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumours (DNTs) represent the most common histological entities within the spectrum of glioneuronal tumours (GNTs). The wide variability of morphological features complicates histological classification, including discrimination from prognostically distinct diffuse low-grade astrocytomas (AIIs). This study was performed to increase our understanding of these tumours. METHODS We studied chromosomal copy number aberrations (CNAs) by genome-wide sequencing in a large cohort of GNTs and linked these to comprehensive histological analysis and clinical characteristics. One hundred fourteen GNTs were studied: 50 GGs and 64 DNTs. Also, a data set of CNAs from 38 diffuse AIIs was included. RESULTS The most frequent CNAs in both GGs and DNTs were gains at chromosomes 5 and 7, often concurrent, and gain at chromosome 6. None of the CNAs was linked to histological subtype, immunohistochemical features or to clinical characteristics. Comparison of AIIs and diffuse GNTs revealed that gain at whole chromosome 5 is only observed in GNTs. CNA patterns indicative of chromothripsis were detected in three GNTs. CONCLUSION We conclude that GNTs with diverse morphologies share molecular features, and our findings support the need to improve classification and differential diagnosis of tumour entities within the spectrum of GNTs, as well as their distinction from other gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avanita S Prabowo
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hinke Foka van Thuijl
- Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilari Scheinin
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Haartman Institute and HUSLAB, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daoud Sie
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik F van Essen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anand M Iyer
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim G M Spliet
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cyrille H Ferrier
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Clinical Neurophysiology/Rudolf Magnus Institute for Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C van Rijen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim J Veersema
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Thom
- Neuropathology Department, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | | | - Jaap C Reijneveld
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke Ylstra
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,SEIN - Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland, Heemstede, The Netherlands
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A mouse model of human primitive neuroectodermal tumors resulting from microenvironmentally-driven malignant transformation of orthotopically transplanted radial glial cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121707. [PMID: 25826270 PMCID: PMC4380339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence and a consensus in the field that most pediatric brain tumors originate from stem cells, of which radial glial cells constitute a subtype. Here we show that orthotopic transplantation of human radial glial (RG) cells to the subventricular zone of the 3rd ventricle - but not to other transplantation sites - of the brain in immunocompromised NOD-SCID mice, gives rise to tumors that have the hallmarks of CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs). The resulting mouse model strikingly recapitulates the phenotype of PNETs. Importantly, the observed tumorigenic transformation was accompanied by aspects of an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like process. It is also noteworthy that the tumors are highly invasive, and that they effectively recruit mouse endothelial cells for angiogenesis. These results are significant for several reasons. First, they show that malignant transformation of radial glial cells can occur in the absence of specific mutations or inherited genomic alterations. Second, they demonstrate that the same radial glial cells may either give rise to brain tumors or differentiate normally depending upon the microenvironment of the specific region of the brain to which the cells are transplanted. In addition to providing a prospect for drug screening and development of new therapeutic strategies, the resulting mouse model of PNETs offers an unprecedented opportunity to identify the cancer driving molecular alterations and the microenvironmental factors that are responsible for committing otherwise normal radial glial cells to a malignant phenotype.
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Detection of human cytomegalovirus in different histopathological types of glioma in Iraqi patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:642652. [PMID: 25710012 PMCID: PMC4331403 DOI: 10.1155/2015/642652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an endemic herpes virus that reemerges in cancer patients enhancing oncogenic potential. HCMV infection is associated with certain types of cancer morbidity such as glioblastomas. HCMV, like all other herpes viruses, has the ability to remain latent within the body of the host and can contribute in chronic inflammation. To determine the role of HCMV in glioma pathogenesis, paraffin-embedded blocks from glioma patients (n = 50) and from benign meningioma patients (n = 30) were obtained and evaluated by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction for the evidence of HCMV antigen expression and the presence of viral DNA. We detected HCMV antigen and DNA for IEI-72, pp65, and late antigen in 33/36, 28/36, and 26/36 in glioblastoma multiforme patients whereas 12/14, 10/14, and 9/14 in anaplastic astrocytoma patients, respectively. Furthermore, 84% of glioma patients were positive for immunoglobulin G (IgG) compared to 72.5% among control samples (P = 0.04). These data indicate the presence of the HCMV virus in a high percentage of glioma samples demonstrating distinct histopathological grades and support previous reports showing the presence of HCMV infection in glioma tissue. These studies demonstrate that detection of low-levels of latent viral infections may play an active role in glioma development and pathogenesis.
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Kim M, Farnoud F, Milenkovic O. HyDRA: gene prioritization via hybrid distance-score rank aggregation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 31:1034-43. [PMID: 25411330 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Gene prioritization refers to a family of computational techniques for inferring disease genes through a set of training genes and carefully chosen similarity criteria. Test genes are scored based on their average similarity to the training set, and the rankings of genes under various similarity criteria are aggregated via statistical methods. The contributions of our work are threefold: (i) first, based on the realization that there is no unique way to define an optimal aggregate for rankings, we investigate the predictive quality of a number of new aggregation methods and known fusion techniques from machine learning and social choice theory. Within this context, we quantify the influence of the number of training genes and similarity criteria on the diagnostic quality of the aggregate and perform in-depth cross-validation studies; (ii) second, we propose a new approach to genomic data aggregation, termed HyDRA (Hybrid Distance-score Rank Aggregation), which combines the advantages of score-based and combinatorial aggregation techniques. We also propose incorporating a new top-versus-bottom (TvB) weighting feature into the hybrid schemes. The TvB feature ensures that aggregates are more reliable at the top of the list, rather than at the bottom, since only top candidates are tested experimentally; (iii) third, we propose an iterative procedure for gene discovery that operates via successful augmentation of the set of training genes by genes discovered in previous rounds, checked for consistency. MOTIVATION Fundamental results from social choice theory, political and computer sciences, and statistics have shown that there exists no consistent, fair and unique way to aggregate rankings. Instead, one has to decide on an aggregation approach using predefined set of desirable properties for the aggregate. The aggregation methods fall into two categories, score- and distance-based approaches, each of which has its own drawbacks and advantages. This work is motivated by the observation that merging these two techniques in a computationally efficient manner, and by incorporating additional constraints, one can ensure that the predictive quality of the resulting aggregation algorithm is very high. RESULTS We tested HyDRA on a number of gene sets, including autism, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, endometriosis, ischaemic stroke, leukemia, lymphoma and osteoarthritis. Furthermore, we performed iterative gene discovery for glioblastoma, meningioma and breast cancer, using a sequentially augmented list of training genes related to the Turcot syndrome, Li-Fraumeni condition and other diseases. The methods outperform state-of-the-art software tools such as ToppGene and Endeavour. Despite this finding, we recommend as best practice to take the union of top-ranked items produced by different methods for the final aggregated list. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The HyDRA software may be downloaded from: http://web.engr.illinois.edu/∼mkim158/HyDRA.zip. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Farzad Farnoud
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Olgica Milenkovic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Abstract
Diffuse high-grade gliomas (HGGs) of childhood are a devastating spectrum of disease with no effective cures. The two-year survival for paediatric HGG ranges from 30%, for tumours arising in the cerebral cortex, to less than 10% for diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), which arise in the brainstem. Recent genome-wide studies provided abundant evidence that unique selective pressures drive HGG in children compared to adults, identifying novel oncogenic mutations connecting tumorigenesis and chromatin regulation, as well as developmental signalling pathways. These new genetic findings give insights into disease pathogenesis and the challenges and opportunities for improving patient survival in these mostly incurable childhood brain tumours.
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Andersson U, Wibom C, Cederquist K, Aradottir S, Borg A, Armstrong GN, Shete S, Lau CC, Bainbridge MN, Claus EB, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Lai R, Il'yasova D, Houlston RS, Schildkraut J, Bernstein JL, Olson SH, Jenkins RB, Lachance DH, Wrensch M, Davis FG, Merrell R, Johansen C, Sadetzki S, Bondy ML, Melin BS. Germline rearrangements in families with strong family history of glioma and malignant melanoma, colon, and breast cancer. Neuro Oncol 2014; 16:1333-40. [PMID: 24723567 PMCID: PMC4165415 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although familial susceptibility to glioma is known, the genetic basis for this susceptibility remains unidentified in the majority of glioma-specific families. An alternative approach to identifying such genes is to examine cancer pedigrees, which include glioma as one of several cancer phenotypes, to determine whether common chromosomal modifications might account for the familial aggregation of glioma and other cancers. METHODS Germline rearrangements in 146 glioma families (from the Gliogene Consortium; http://www.gliogene.org/) were examined using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. These families all had at least 2 verified glioma cases and a third reported or verified glioma case in the same family or 2 glioma cases in the family with at least one family member affected with melanoma, colon, or breast cancer.The genomic areas covering TP53, CDKN2A, MLH1, and MSH2 were selected because these genes have been previously reported to be associated with cancer pedigrees known to include glioma. RESULTS We detected a single structural rearrangement, a deletion of exons 1-6 in MSH2, in the proband of one family with 3 cases with glioma and one relative with colon cancer. CONCLUSIONS Large deletions and duplications are rare events in familial glioma cases, even in families with a strong family history of cancers that may be involved in known cancer syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Andersson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Carl Wibom
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Kristina Cederquist
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Steina Aradottir
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Ake Borg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Georgina N Armstrong
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Sanjay Shete
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Ching C Lau
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Matthew N Bainbridge
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Elizabeth B Claus
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Rose Lai
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Dora Il'yasova
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Richard S Houlston
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Joellen Schildkraut
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Jonine L Bernstein
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Daniel H Lachance
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Margaret Wrensch
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Faith G Davis
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Ryan Merrell
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Siegal Sadetzki
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
| | - Beatrice S Melin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (U.A., C.W., B.S.M.); Computational Life Science Cluster (CLiC), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (C.W.); Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden (K.C.); Department of Oncology, Clinical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (S.A., Å.B.); Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (G.N.A., M.L.B.); Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (S.S.); Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (C.C.L.); Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (M.N.B.); School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (E.B.C.); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.B.C.); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (J.B.-S.); University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (R.L.); Cancer Control and Prevention Program/Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (D.I., J.S.); Section of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK (R.S.H.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York (J.L.B., S.H.O.); Mayo Comprehensive Clinic Cancer, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (R.B.J., D.H.L.); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.W.); School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (F.G.D.); Department of Neurology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois (R.M.); Cancer Late Effects Research, Oncology, Finsencenteret, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen and Head, Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark (C.J.)
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Li J, Qu Q, Qu J, Luo WM, Wang SY, He YZ, Luo QS, Xu YX, Wang YF. Association between XRCC1 polymorphisms and glioma risk among Chinese population. Med Oncol 2014; 31:186. [PMID: 25245010 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0186-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of glioma remains largely unknown now. It has been suggested that the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene may influence the capacity to repair DNA damage leading to an increased gliomas susceptibility. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between XRCC1 polymorphisms and glioma risk. Genotypes were assessed in 368 Chinese glioma patients and 346 healthy controls. XRCC1 Arg194Trp (rs1799782), Arg280His (rs25489) and Arg399Gln (rs25487) and three additional polymorphisms were directly sequenced. The frequency of Arg280His A allele was significant lower in glioma group than in healthy controls [9.6 vs 16%, OR=0.60 (0.46-0.80), P<0.001]; the frequencies of GA or AA genotypes were different in two groups (16.6 vs 22.8%, 1.3 vs 4.7%). The frequency of Arg399Gln A allele was significant higher in glioma group than in healthy controls [38.7 vs 30.1%, OR=1.29 (1.11-1.49), P=0.001]; the frequencies of GA or AA genotypes were different in two groups (45.4 vs 38.2%, 16 vs 10.9%). This study demonstrates that the rs25489 (Arg280His) and Arg399Gln (rs25487) polymorphisms in XRCC1 gene might influence the risk of developing glioma in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
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Huang Y, Huang J, Lan H, Zhao G, Huang C. A meta-analysis of parental smoking and the risk of childhood brain tumors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102910. [PMID: 25058491 PMCID: PMC4109951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies regarding the association between parental smoking and the risk of childhood brain tumors (CBT) have reported inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize evidence on this association and to quantify the potential dose-response relationship. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in the Medline and Embase databases. The summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Dose-response meta-analysis was also performed for studies that reported categorical risk estimates for a series of smoking exposure levels. RESULTS A total of 17 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In the meta-analyses, the summary RRs (95% CIs) of CBT for maternal smoking during pregnancy, paternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal smoking before pregnancy, and paternal smoking before pregnancy were 0.96 (0.86-1.07), 1.09 (0.97-1.22), 0.93 (0.85-1.00), and 1.09 (1.00-1.20), respectively. Dose-response meta-analysis also showed no significant association between parental smoking and the risk of CBT. CONCLUSIONS Findings from our meta-analysis indicate that parental smoking may not be associated with a risk of CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Minzu Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jianrong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Minzu Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Huan Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Minzu Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - GuanYan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Minzu Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - ChunZhen Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangxi Minzu Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
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Collins V. Pathology of Gliomas and Developments in Molecular Testing. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2014; 26:377-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Palani M, Arunkumar R, Vanisree AJ. Methylation and expression patterns of tropomyosin-related kinase genes in different grades of glioma. Neuromolecular Med 2014; 16:529-39. [PMID: 24840578 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-014-8303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Tropomyosin-related kinase family (NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3) is well known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of brain tumour, which exhibit heterogeneity in its biological and clinical behaviour. However, the mechanism that regulates NTRKs in glioma is not well understood. The present study investigates the epigenetic status (methylation) of NTRKs and their expression in different grades of glioma. Promoter methylation and structural relationship of NTRKs was assessed using methylation-specific PCR followed by chromatin immunoprecipitation in brain tissue samples from 220 subjects with different grades of glioma. Control brain samples were also assessed similarly. Reverse transcriptase PCR was performed to analyse the expressions of NTRK mRNAs in the grades of glioma. In addition, the expression level of p75(NTR) protein was analysed using immunofluorescent technique in all of the samples. The overall percentage of NTRK3 gene methylation frequency with subsequent loss of mRNA expression was significantly higher in glioma compared with control samples (p < 0.05). No such significance was observed in other NTRK1 and NTRK2 genes. Further, mRNA expression pattern of NTRK1 and NTRK2 genes was found to be significantly higher in low grades as compared with high grades (HG) and control samples (p < 0.05). Survival rate of HG patients with negative expressions of NTRK1 and NTRK2 was poor than those with the positive expressions of both NTRK1 and NTRK2. Further, a significant correlation was observed with reduced expression of p75(NTR) and the expression pattern of NTRK family in glioma as compared with the control samples (p < 0.05). There exists a correlation between the expression of NTRK family and different grades of glioma with a significant suggestion that the promoter methylation does not play role in the regulation of these genes in glioma. Further, poor survival could be associated with NTRK mRNAs 1 and 2. Hence, NTRKs are potential probes for assessing the behaviour of different grades of glioma, which could also function as significant prognostic factors and thus deserve wider attention for an effective management of the grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Palani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Liang HJ, Yan YL, Liu ZM, Chen X, Peng QL, Wang J, Mo CJ, Sui JZ, Wu JR, Zhai LM, Yang S, Li TJ, Li RL, Li S, Qin X. Association of XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphisms and gliomas risk: evidence from a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4243-7. [PMID: 23991984 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.7.4243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The relationship between the X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) Thr241Met polymorphism and gliomas remains inclusive or controversial. For better understanding of the effect of XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism on glioma risk, a meta-analysis was performed. All eligible studies were identified through a search of PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) before May 2013. The association between the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and gliomas risk was conducted by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). A total of nine case-control studies including 3,533 cases and 4,696 controls were eventually collected. Overall, we found that XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of gliomas (T vs. C: OR=1.10, 95%CI=1.01-1.20, P=0.034; TT vs. CC: OR=1.30, 95%CI=1.03-1.65, P=0.027; TT vs. TC/CC OR=1.29, 95%CI=1.01-1.64, P=0.039). In the subgroup analysis based on ethnicity, the significant association was found in Asian under four models (T vs. C: OR=1.17, 95%CI=1.07-1.28, P=0.00; TT vs. CC: OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.36- 2.36, P=0.00; TT vs. TC/CC OR=1.75, 95%CI=1.32-2.32, P=0.00; TT/TC vs. CC: OR=1.11,95% CI=1.02-1.20). This meta-analysis suggested that the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism is a risk factor for gliomas, especially for Asians. Considering the limited sample size and ethnicities included in the meta-analysis, further large scale and well-designed studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jie Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Sandrone SS, Repossi G, Candolfi M, Eynard AR. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and gliomas: a critical review of experimental, clinical, and epidemiologic data. Nutrition 2014; 30:1104-9. [PMID: 24976422 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Certain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) called essential fatty acids (EFAs) cannot be biosynthesized by the body and hence, need to be obtained from diet. These PUFAs and their metabolites have multiple physiological functions that are altered in tumor cells due to a decreased expression of Δdelta-6-desaturase, which is an essential step in their metabolism. As a result, tumor cells would be protected from the toxic effect caused by free radicals, one product of EFA metabolism. EFAs have been proposed to have therapeutic potential in the treatment of glioblastoma. Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system in children and adults. High-grade gliomas remain a therapeutic challenge in neuro-oncology because there is no treatment that achieves a significant improvement in survival. Novel therapeutic strategies that use PUFAs for the treatment of gliomas have been assessed in cell cultures, rodent glioma models, and humans, with encouraging results. Here we review the latest progress made in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Silvia Sandrone
- Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; Servicio de Patología, Hospital Rawson de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gaston Repossi
- Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; Cátedra de Histología, Embriología y Genética, Universidad Nacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Aldo Renato Eynard
- Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Córdoba, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Shamran HA, Hamza SJ, Yaseen NY, Al-Juboory AA, Taub DD, Price RL, Nagarkatti M, Nagarkatti PS, Singh UP. Impact of single nucleotide polymorphism in IL-4, IL-4R genes and systemic concentration of IL-4 on the incidence of glioma in Iraqi patients. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:1147-53. [PMID: 25170298 PMCID: PMC4147641 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.9412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common and believed to be one of the most aggressive tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) in humans. Very little information is available on the etiology and pathogenesis of these tumors to date. A significant gap remains in our current understanding of the molecular pathways involved in the genesis, progression and clinical behavior of these tumors. Recently, several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in cytokine gene sequences, particularly within the promoter region of these genes, and have been shown to be associated with the development of different types of brain tumors. The present study investigates the association of C-33T SNP in the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene with systemic IL-4 level and the S503P SNP in the IL-4R gene with the incidence of glioma. Blood samples were collected from 100 histologically confirmed adult patients with glioma, and 30 apparently healthy individuals from the same area. DNA was extracted from each blood sample, and the IL-4 and IL-4R genes were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with gene-specific primers. Systemic IL-4 concentration was assessed in serum samples from each participant by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We observed a negative association between the homozygous genotype (CC) of the SNP C-33T of the IL-4 gene with the incidence of glioma (OR=0.19, 95% CI=0.035-1.02), while the T allele of the SNP demonstrated a significant protective association against glioma. Similarly, the heterozygous (CT) and homozygous mutant (CC) of the SNP S503P of the IL-4R gene demonstrated a significant association with glioma development (OR=0.405, 95% CI=0.17-0.969 and OR=0.147, 95% CI=0.036-0.6 respectively), while the C allele exhibited a highly significant association with protection from glioma formation. These findings suggest that the T allele of the SNP C-33T in the IL-4 gene and the C allele of the SNP S503P in IL-4R may have a protective role against glioma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidar A Shamran
- 1. Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, University of AL-Nahrain Iraq, Baghdad ; 6. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Subah J Hamza
- 2. Biotechnology Department, School of Science, University of AL-Nahrain, Iraq, Baghdad
| | - Nahi Y Yaseen
- 3. Iraqi National Cancer Center, University of AL-Mustansiriya, Iraq, Baghdad
| | | | - Dennis D Taub
- 5. Center for Translational Studies, Medical Services, VA Medical Center, Department of Veteran Affairs, Washington DC, USA
| | - Robert L Price
- 6. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- 6. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Prakash S Nagarkatti
- 6. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
| | - Udai P Singh
- 6. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, SC, USA
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Gu X, Sun H, Chang L, Sun R, Yang H, Zhang X, Cong X. Correlation between X-ray cross-complementing group 1 polymorphisms and the onset risk of glioma: A meta-analysis. Neural Regen Res 2013; 8:2468-77. [PMID: 25206557 PMCID: PMC4146115 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.26.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp and Arg280His polymorphisms with the risk of glioma. DATA SOURCES: A systematic literature search of papers published from January 2000 to August 2012 in PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, and Wanfang database was performed. The key words used were “glioma”, “polymorphism”, and “XRCC1 or X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1”. References cited in the retrieved articles were screened manually to identify additional eligible studies. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were identified according to the following inclusion criteria: case-control design was based on unrelated individuals; and genotype frequency was available to estimate an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Meta-analysis was performed for the selected studies after strict screening. Dominant and recessive genetic models were used and the relationship between homozygous mutant genotype frequencies and mutant gene frequency and glioma incidence was investigated. We chose the fixed or random effect model according to the heterogeneity to calculate OR and 95%CI, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Publication bias was examined using the inverted funnel plot and the Egger's test using Stata 12.0 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Association of XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, and Arg280His polymorphisms with the risk of glioma, and subgroup analyses were performed according to different ethnicities of the subjects. RESULTS: Twelve articles were included in the meta-analysis. Eleven of the articles were concerned with the Arg399Gln polymorphism and glioma onset risk. Significantly increased glioma risks were found only in the dominant model (Gln/Gln + Gln/Arg versus Arg/Arg: OR = 1.26, 95%CI = 1.03–1.54, P = 0.02). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, significantly increased risk was found in Asian subjects in the recessive (OR = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.04–2.45, P = 0.03) and dominant models (OR = 1.40, 95%CI = 1.10–1.78, P = 0.007), and homozygote contrast (OR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.17–2.45, P = 0.005), but not in Caucasian subjects. For association of the Arg194Trp (eight studies) and Arg280His (four studies) polymorphisms with glioma risk, the meta-analysis did not reveal a significant effect in the allele contrast, the recessive genetic model, the dominant genetic model, or homozygote contrast. CONCLUSION: The XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism may be a biomarker of glioma susceptibility, especially in Asian populations. The Arg194Trp and Arg280His polymorphisms were not associated with overall glioma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Gu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Tissue Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Liping Chang
- Department of Cardiopathy, the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ran Sun
- Tissue Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hongfeng Yang
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Tissue Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xianling Cong
- Tissue Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China ; Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
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Sun JY, Zhang CY, Zhang ZJ, Dong YF, Zhang AL, Wang ZW, Mei XL. Association between XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and risk of glioma development: a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:4783-8. [PMID: 23167420 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.9.4783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies of the association between X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene polymorphisms and the gliomas risk have yielded conflicting results, and thus a meta-analysis was performed to provide a more accurate estimation. METHODS A computerized literature search of 5 electronic databases was conducted to identify the relevant studies. Fixed or random effect models were selected based on the heterogeneity test. Publication bias was estimated using Begg's funnel plots and Egger's regression test. RESULTS A total of 11 studies (3,810 cases and 6,079 controls), 7 studies (2,928 cases and 5,048 controls), and 4 studies (1,461 cases and 2,593 controls) were finally included in the analyses of the association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, and Arg280His polymorphisms and glioma risk, respectively. The pooled results showed that GlnGln carriage was associated with moderately increased risk of gliomas in Asians (GlnGln vs. ArgArg, OR=1.490, 95%CI 1.031-2.153; GlnGln/ArgGln vs. ArgArg, OR=1.321, 95%CI 1.037- 1.684), whereas a marginal association was revealed in Caucasians. For the Arg194Trp polymorphism, although a significant association was shown in the homozygous genotype comparisons (TrpTrp vs. ArgArg, OR = 2.209, 95%CI 1.398- 2.945), no significant link was found on subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity. With regard to the Arg280His polymorphism, no significant association was found in each comparison. No particular study was found to significantly influence the pooled results, and no potential publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested that the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism is moderately associated with increased risk of gliomas in Asians, while Arg194Trp and Arg280His polymorphisms demonstrated no significant influence. Due to the limited studies and the potential confounders, further studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ying Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
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Amirian ES, Marquez-Do D, Bondy ML, Scheurer ME. Anti-human-cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G levels in glioma risk and prognosis. Cancer Med 2013; 2:57-62. [PMID: 24133628 PMCID: PMC3797564 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in glioma development and progression remains controversial. The purpose of our study was to assess the potential associations between anti-HCMV antibodies (immunoglobulin G [IgG] and immunoglobulin M [IgM]) and glioma risk and prognosis using data from the Harris County Case–Control Study. Multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between glioma status and antibody levels among glioma cases (n = 362) and cancer-free controls (n = 462). Hazard ratios and 95% CIs were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusting for age, race, and sex, to determine if antibody levels were associated with survival over time among cases. Among IgG-positive participants, increasing anti-HCMV IgG levels were associated with decreasing glioma risk (P for trend = 0.0008), and those with the lowest level of anti-HCMV IgG (<10 U/mL) had the highest glioma risk, controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity (OR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.42–4.43). Antibody levels were not associated with survival among glioma cases. Our study contributes new evidence toward the potential importance of the direct and indirect effects of HCMV infection in gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Susan Amirian
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas
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Zhang N, Lin LY, Zhu LL, Wu F, Wen H, Pan D, Huang YC, Chen DQ. ERCC1 Polymorphisms and Risk of Adult Glioma in a Chinese Population: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study. Cancer Invest 2012; 30:199-202. [PMID: 22201261 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2011.651233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Province, China
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Liu Y, Melin BS, Rajaraman P, Wang Z, Linet M, Shete S, Amos CI, Lau CC, Scheurer ME, Tsavachidis S, Armstrong GN, Houlston RS, Hosking FJ, Claus EB, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Lai R, Il’yasova D, Schildkraut J, Sadetzki S, Johansen C, Bernstein JL, Olson SH, Jenkins RB, LaChance D, Vick NA, Wrensch M, Davis F, McCarthy BJ, Andersson U, Thompson PA, Chanock S, Bondy ML. Insight in glioma susceptibility through an analysis of 6p22.3, 12p13.33-12.1, 17q22-23.2 and 18q23 SNP genotypes in familial and non-familial glioma. Hum Genet 2012; 131:1507-17. [PMID: 22688887 PMCID: PMC3604903 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-012-1187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The risk of glioma has consistently been shown to be increased twofold in relatives of patients with primary brain tumors (PBT). A recent genome-wide linkage study of glioma families provided evidence for a disease locus on 17q12-21.32, with the possibility of four additional risk loci at 6p22.3, 12p13.33-12.1, 17q22-23.2, and 18q23. To identify the underlying genetic variants responsible for the linkage signals, we compared the genotype frequencies of 5,122 SNPs mapping to these five regions in 88 glioma cases with and 1,100 cases without a family history of PBT (discovery study). An additional series of 84 familial and 903 non-familial cases were used to replicate associations. In the discovery study, 12 SNPs showed significant associations with family history of PBT (P < 0.001). In the replication study, two of the 12 SNPs were confirmed: 12p13.33-12.1 PRMT8 rs17780102 (P = 0.031) and 17q12-21.32 SPOP rs650461 (P = 0.025). In the combined analysis of discovery and replication studies, the strongest associations were attained at four SNPs: 12p13.33-12.1 PRMT8 rs17780102 (P = 0.0001), SOX5 rs7305773 (P = 0.0001) and STKY1 rs2418087 (P = 0.0003), and 17q12-21.32 SPOP rs6504618 (P = 0.0006). Further, a significant gene-dosage effect was found for increased risk of family history of PBT with these four SNPs in the combined data set (P(trend) <1.0 × 10(-8)). The results support the linkage finding that some loci in the 12p13.33-12.1 and 17q12-q21.32 may contribute to gliomagenesis and suggest potential target genes underscoring linkage signals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Melissa L, Bondy
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas (Yanhong Liu, Michael E Scheurer, Spiridon Tsavachidis, Georgina N Armstrong, Ching C Lau, Melissa L Bondy); Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland (Preetha Rajaraman, Zhaoming Wang, Martha Linet, Stephen Chanock); Departments of Biostatistics (Sanjay Shete), Genetics (Christopher I. Amos), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom (Richard S. Houlston, Fay J Hosking); Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Elizabeth B. Claus); Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (Elizabeth B. Claus); Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (Jill Barnholtz-Sloan); The Neurological Institute of Columbia University, New York, New York (Rose Lai); Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (Dora Il’yasova, Joellen Schildkraut); Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Unit, Gertner Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel (Siegal Sadetzki); and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel (Siegal Sadetzki); Danish Cancer Society, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen, Denmark (Christoffer Johansen); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (Jonine L. Bernstein, Sara H. Olson); Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (Robert B. Jenkins, Daniel LaChance); Evanston Kellogg Cancer Care Center NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois (Nicholas A Vick); Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California (Margaret Wrensch); Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (Bridget J McCarthy, Faith Davis); Department of Radiation Sciences Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (Beatrice S. Melin, Ulrika Andersson); Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (Patricia A. Thompson)
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Amirian ES, Scheurer ME. Chromosomally-integrated human herpesvirus 6 in familial glioma etiology. Med Hypotheses 2012; 79:193-6. [PMID: 22591997 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a highly neurotropic beta-herpesvirus with demonstrated transformative properties. HHV-6 infection has been implicated in the etiologies of cancers, including lymphoma and leukemia; conditions with brain involvement, including epilepsy and encephalitis; and other disorders. HHV-6 is also the only human herpesvirus that has been proven to integrate into the chromosomes of a proportion (1-12%) of infected individuals. Because several traditional genetic association studies have failed to identify a variant that can account for the established relationship between family history and glioma risk, the possibility that chromosomally-integrated HHV-6 (CI-HHV-6), as a heritable factor, may explain a proportion of familial glioma cases warrants evaluation. To test this hypothesis, the prevalence of CI-HHV-6 in familial glioma cases and related and unrelated cancer-free control groups should be compared. Among glioma-affected families, the inheritance pattern of CI-HHV-6 could be evaluated by constructing pedigrees. If CI-HHV-6 is found to be associated with familial glioma risk, this knowledge could potentially lead to the future development of novel therapeutic and preventive approaches, including vaccines and immunotherapies targeted at the HHV-6 sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Susan Amirian
- Dan L Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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