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Wu Y, Chen D, Gao Y, Xu Q, Zhou Y, Ni Z, Na M. Immunosuppressive regulatory cells in cancer immunotherapy: restrain or modulate? Hum Cell 2024; 37:931-943. [PMID: 38814516 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Immunosuppressive regulatory cells (IRCs) play important roles in negatively regulating immune response, and are mainly divided into myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Large numbers of preclinical and clinical studies have shown that inhibition or reduction of IRCs could effectively elevate antitumor immune responses. However, several studies also reported that excessive inhibition of IRCs function is one of the main reasons causing the side effects of cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, the reasonable regulation of IRCs is crucial for improving the safety and efficiency of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarised the recent research advances in the cancer immunotherapy by regulating the proportion of IRCs, and discussed the roles of IRCs in regulating tumour immune evasion and drug resistance to immunotherapies. Furthermore, we also discussed how to balance the potential opportunities and challenges of using IRCs to improve the safety of cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 210031, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Qinggang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Ni
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Manli Na
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 210031, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Pallarés-Moratalla C, Bergers G. The ins and outs of microglial cells in brain health and disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1305087. [PMID: 38665919 PMCID: PMC11043497 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1305087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the brain's resident macrophages that play pivotal roles in immune surveillance and maintaining homeostasis of the Central Nervous System (CNS). Microglia are functionally implicated in various cerebrovascular diseases, including stroke, aneurysm, and tumorigenesis as they regulate neuroinflammatory responses and tissue repair processes. Here, we review the manifold functions of microglia in the brain under physiological and pathological conditions, primarily focusing on the implication of microglia in glioma propagation and progression. We further review the current status of therapies targeting microglial cells, including their re-education, depletion, and re-population approaches as therapeutic options to improve patient outcomes for various neurological and neuroinflammatory disorders, including cancer.
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3
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Pan QZ, Zhao JJ, Liu L, Zhang DS, Wang LP, Hu WW, Weng DS, Xu X, Li YZ, Tang Y, Zhang WH, Li JY, Zheng X, Wang QJ, Li YQ, Xiang T, Zhou L, Yang SN, Wu C, Huang RX, He J, Du WJ, Chen LJ, Wu YN, Xu B, Shen Q, Zhang Y, Jiang JT, Ren XB, Xia JC. XELOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) plus bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A antibody) with or without adoptive cell immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled, phase 3 trial. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:79. [PMID: 38565886 PMCID: PMC10987514 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluoropyrimidine-based combination chemotherapy plus targeted therapy is the standard initial treatment for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but the prognosis remains poor. This phase 3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03950154) assessed the efficacy and adverse events (AEs) of the combination of PD-1 blockade-activated DC-CIK (PD1-T) cells with XELOX plus bevacizumab as a first-line therapy in patients with mCRC. A total of 202 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either first-line XELOX plus bevacizumab (the control group, n = 102) or the same regimen plus autologous PD1-T cell immunotherapy (the immunotherapy group, n = 100) every 21 days for up to 6 cycles, followed by maintenance treatment with capecitabine and bevacizumab. The main endpoint of the trial was progression-free survival (PFS). The median follow-up was 19.5 months. Median PFS was 14.8 months (95% CI, 11.6-18.0) for the immunotherapy group compared with 9.9 months (8.0-11.8) for the control group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.60 [95% CI, 0.40-0.88]; p = 0.009). Median overall survival (OS) was not reached for the immunotherapy group and 25.6 months (95% CI, 18.3-32.8) for the control group (HR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.33-0.98]; p = 0.043). Grade 3 or higher AEs occurred in 20.0% of patients in the immunotherapy group and 23.5% in the control groups, with no toxicity-associated deaths reported. The addition of PD1-T cells to first-line XELOX plus bevacizumab demonstrates significant clinical improvement of PFS and OS with well tolerability in patients with previously untreated mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Zhong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Liang Liu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy/Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Wen-Wei Hu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
| | - De-Sheng Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, PR China
| | - Yi-Zhuo Li
- Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Yan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy/Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Jie-Yao Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
| | - Qi-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Tong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy/Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Shuang-Ning Yang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
| | - Rong-Xing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Jia He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Wei-Jiao Du
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy/Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, PR China
| | - Lu-Jun Chen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
| | - Yue-Na Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
| | - Qiong Shen
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, PR China.
| | - Jing-Ting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China.
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China.
- Institute for Cell Therapy of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, PR China.
| | - Xiu-Bao Ren
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
- Department of Biotherapy/Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, PR China.
| | - Jian-Chuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
- Department of Biotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510060, PR China.
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Chia TY, Billingham LK, Boland L, Katz JL, Arrieta VA, Shireman J, Rosas AL, DeLay SL, Zillinger K, Geng Y, Kruger J, Silvers C, Wang H, Vazquez Cervantes GI, Hou D, Wang S, Wan H, Sonabend A, Zhang P, Lee-Chang C, Miska J. The CXCL16-CXCR6 axis in glioblastoma modulates T-cell activity in a spatiotemporal context. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1331287. [PMID: 38299146 PMCID: PMC10827847 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1331287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) pathobiology is characterized by its significant induction of immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment, predominantly mediated by immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs). Myeloid cells play a pivotal role in shaping the GBM microenvironment and influencing immune responses, with direct interactions with effector immune cells critically impacting these processes. Methods Our study investigates the role of the CXCR6/CXCL16 axis in T-cell myeloid interactions within GBM tissues. We examined the surface expression of CXCL16, revealing its limitation to TAMCs, while microglia release CXCL16 as a cytokine. The study explores how these distinct expression patterns affect T-cell engagement, focusing on the consequences for T-cell function within the tumor environment. Additionally, we assessed the significance of CXCR6 expression in T-cell activation and the initial migration to tumor tissues. Results Our data demonstrates that CXCL16 surface expression on TAMCs results in predominant T-cell engagement with these cells, leading to impaired T-cell function within the tumor environment. Conversely, our findings highlight the essential role of CXCR6 expression in facilitating T-cell activation and initial migration to tumor tissues. The CXCL16-CXCR6 axis exhibits dualistic characteristics, facilitating the early stages of the T-cell immune response and promoting T-cell infiltration into tumors. However, once inside the tumor, this axis contributes to immunosuppression. Discussion The dual nature of the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis underscores its potential as a therapeutic target in GBM. However, our results emphasize the importance of carefully considering the timing and context of intervention. While targeting this axis holds promise in combating GBM, the complex interplay between TAMCs, microglia, and T cells suggests that intervention strategies need to be tailored to optimize the balance between promoting antitumor immunity and preventing immunosuppression within the dynamic tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Chia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leah K. Billingham
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lauren Boland
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joshua L. Katz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Victor A. Arrieta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jack Shireman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Aurora-Lopez Rosas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Susan L. DeLay
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kaylee Zillinger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yuheng Geng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeandre Kruger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Caylee Silvers
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hanxiang Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gustavo Ignacio Vazquez Cervantes
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David Hou
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hanxiao Wan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Adam Sonabend
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jason Miska
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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5
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Hou D, Wan H, Katz JL, Wang S, Castro BA, Vazquez-Cervantes GI, Arrieta VA, Dhiantravan S, Najem H, Rashidi A, Chia TY, Arjmandi T, Collado J, Billingham L, Lopez-Rosas A, Han Y, Sonabend AM, Heimberger AB, Zhang P, Miska J, Lee-Chang C. Antigen-presenting B cells promote TCF-1 + PD1 - stem-like CD8 + T-cell proliferation in glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1295218. [PMID: 38268923 PMCID: PMC10806106 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1295218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the spatial relationship and functional interaction of immune cells in glioblastoma (GBM) is critical for developing new therapeutics that overcome the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Our study showed that B and T cells form clusters within the GBM microenvironment within a 15-μm radius, suggesting that B and T cells could form immune synapses within the GBM. However, GBM-infiltrating B cells suppress the activation of CD8+ T cells. To overcome this immunosuppression, we leveraged B-cell functions by activating them with CD40 agonism, IFNγ, and BAFF to generate a potent antigen-presenting B cells named BVax. BVax had improved antigen cross-presentation potential compared to naïve B cells and were primed to use the IL15-IL15Ra mechanism to enhance T cell activation. Compared to naïve B cells, BVax could improve CD8 T cell activation and proliferation. Compared to dendritic cells (DCs), which are the current gold standard professional antigen-presenting cell, BVax promoted highly proliferative T cells in-vitro that had a stem-like memory T cell phenotype characterized by CD62L+CD44- expression, high TCF-1 expression, and low PD-1 and granzyme B expression. Adoptive transfer of BVax-activated CD8+ T cells into tumor-bearing brains led to T cell reactivation with higher TCF-1 expression and elevated granzyme B production compared to DC-activated CD8+ T cells. Adoptive transfer of BVax into an irradiated immunocompetent tumor-bearing host promoted more CD8+ T cell proliferation than adoptive transfer of DCs. Moreover, highly proliferative CD8+ T cells in the BVax group had less PD-1 expression than those highly proliferative CD8+ T cells in the DC group. The findings of this study suggest that BVax and DC could generate distinctive CD8+ T cells, which potentially serve multiple purposes in cellular vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hou
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hanxiao Wan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joshua L. Katz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Brandyn A. Castro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gustavo I. Vazquez-Cervantes
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Victor A. Arrieta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Silpol Dhiantravan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hinda Najem
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Aida Rashidi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tzu-yi Chia
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tarlan Arjmandi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jimena Collado
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Leah Billingham
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Aurora Lopez-Rosas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Adam M. Sonabend
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amy B. Heimberger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jason Miska
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
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6
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Sharma P, Otto M. Multifunctional nanocomposites modulating the tumor microenvironment for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Bioact Mater 2024; 31:440-462. [PMID: 37701452 PMCID: PMC10494322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has gained momentum for treating malignant tumors over the past decade. Checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor cell therapy (CAR-T) have shown considerable potency against liquid and solid cancers. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly immunosuppressive and hampers the effect of currently available cancer immunotherapies on overall treatment outcomes. Advancements in the design and engineering of nanomaterials have opened new avenues to modulate the TME. Progress in the current nanocomposite technology can overcome immunosuppression and trigger robust immunotherapeutic responses by integrating synergistic functions of different molecules. We will review recent advancements in nanomedical applications and discuss specifically designed nanocomposites modulating the TME for cancer immunotherapy. In addition, we provide information on the current landscape of clinical-stage nanocomposites for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Sharma
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, ABC1 Building, 425 N 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Mario Otto
- Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, ABC1 Building, 425 N 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders (CCBD), Phoenix Children's, 1919 E Thomas Rd, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
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Shen CK, Huang BR, Charoensaensuk V, Yang LY, Tsai CF, Liu YS, Lai SW, Lu DY, Yeh WL, Lin C. Inhibitory Effects of Urolithins, Bioactive Gut Metabolites from Natural Polyphenols, against Glioblastoma Progression. Nutrients 2023; 15:4854. [PMID: 38068712 PMCID: PMC10708538 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that proinflammatory cytokines, particularly tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, promoted tumor migration, invasion, and proliferation, thus worsening the prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM). Urolithins, the potent metabolites produced by the gut from pomegranate polyphenols, have anticancer properties. To develop an effective therapy for GBM, this study aimed to study the effects of urolithins against GBM. Urolithin A and B significantly reduced GBM migration, reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and inhibited tumor growth. Moreover, urolithin A and B inhibited TNF-α-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, thereby reducing human monocyte (HM) binding to GBM cells. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) level had higher expression in patients with glioma than in healthy individuals. Urolithins are considered pharmacological antagonists of AhR. We demonstrated that the inhibition of AhR reduced TNF-α-stimulated VCAM-1 and PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, human macrophage condition medium enhanced expression of PD-L1 in human GBM cells. Administration of the AhR antagonist attenuated the enhancement of PD-L1, indicating the AhR modulation in GBM progression. The modulatory effects of urolithins in GBM involve inhibiting the Akt and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways. The present study suggests that urolithins can inhibit GBM progression and provide valuable information for anti-GBM strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Kai Shen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan;
| | - Bor-Ren Huang
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Vichuda Charoensaensuk
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Shu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lan Yeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
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8
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Gardam B, Gargett T, Brown MP, Ebert LM. Targeting the dendritic cell-T cell axis to develop effective immunotherapies for glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1261257. [PMID: 37928547 PMCID: PMC10623138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1261257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary brain tumor that has seen few advances in treatments for over 20 years. In response to this desperate clinical need, multiple immunotherapy strategies are under development, including CAR-T cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses and dendritic cell vaccines, although these approaches are yet to yield significant clinical benefit. Potential reasons for the lack of success so far include the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the blood-brain barrier, and systemic changes to the immune system driven by both the tumor and its treatment. Furthermore, while T cells are essential effector cells for tumor control, dendritic cells play an equally important role in T cell activation, and emerging evidence suggests the dendritic cell compartment may be deeply compromised in glioblastoma patients. In this review, we describe the immunotherapy approaches currently under development for glioblastoma and the challenges faced, with a particular emphasis on the critical role of the dendritic cell-T cell axis. We suggest a number of strategies that could be used to boost dendritic cell number and function and propose that the use of these in combination with T cell-targeting strategies could lead to successful tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Gardam
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and South Australia (SA) Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tessa Gargett
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and South Australia (SA) Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Michael P. Brown
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and South Australia (SA) Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lisa M. Ebert
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and South Australia (SA) Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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9
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Sun H, Zhang H, Jing L, Zhao H, Chen B, Song W. FBP1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma. Neurosurg Rev 2023; 46:187. [PMID: 37507483 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02097-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia has been shown to contribute to tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and is an effective prognostic indicator. This study aimed to screen prognostic hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) in glioblastoma and investigate the association between HRGs and tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. The glioblastoma-related mRNA data were collected from TCGA, GEO, and CGGA databases. Totally 200 HRGs were obtained from the GSEA website. The prognostic HRGs were screened by univariate Cox regression analysis. Somatic mutation data of glioblastoma from TCGA was visualized using the "maftools" of R package. Immune cell infiltration proportions were calculated by CIBERSORT. The TISIDB online tool was applied to analyze the relationship between HRGs and immunoinhibitors as well as the HRG expression in different glioblastoma immune and molecular subtypes. Hub gene's mRNA and protein levels in cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The effects of hub gene knockdown on cell viability and migration ability were evaluated employing CCK8 and wound healing assays. The univariate Cox regression showed that high level of FBP1 (fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1) was a poor prognostic biomarker, and FBP1 was mainly expressed in lymphocyte depleted immune subtype of glioblastoma. High FBP1 mRNA and protein levels have been successfully validated in vitro. The somatic mutation analysis suggested that TP53 mutation rate was the highest in the high FBP1 glioblastoma group, while EGFR mutation rate was the highest in the low FBP1 glioblastoma group. In the high FBP1 group, the infiltration proportions and types of immune cells were less, dominated by macrophages M2, and the expression of CTLA4, LAG3, TIGIT, PDL1, and PDL2 was significantly upregulated. The expression of FBP1 was positively correlated with several immunoinhibitors, such as IL-10 and TGFβ-1. In conclusion, we demonstrated that FBP1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker for glioblastoma. The immune microenvironment in the high FBP1 group might be suppressed by up-regulating immune checkpoints and immunoinhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, 255000 Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zibo Central Hospital, 255000 Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Lijie Jing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, 255000 Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, 255000 Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 1677 Wutaishan Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Zibo Central Hospital, No. 54 Gongqingtuan West Road, 255000 Zibo, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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10
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Zheng Y, Li S, Tang H, Meng X, Zheng Q. Molecular mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1153990. [PMID: 37426654 PMCID: PMC10327275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1153990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapy has profoundly changed the treatment model for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). But the heterogeneity of this disease resulted in significant differences in immunotherapy efficacy, and only some patients are able to benefit from this therapeutic modality. With the recent explosion in studies on the mechanism of cancer immunotherapy drug resistance, this article will focus on the processes of the immune response; summarize the immune evasion mechanisms in TNBC into three categories: loss of tumor-specific antigen, antigen presentation deficiency, and failure to initiate an immune response; together with the aberrant activation of a series of immune-critical signaling pathways, we will discuss how these activities jointly shape the immunosuppressive landscape within the tumor microenvironment. This review will attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanism of drug resistance in TNBC, identify potential targets that may assist in reversing drug resistance, and lay a foundation for research on identifying biomarkers for predicting immune efficacy and selection of breast cancer populations that may benefit from immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zheng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shujin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongchao Tang
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuli Meng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghui Zheng
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Nikolic A, Maule F, Bobyn A, Ellestad K, Paik S, Marhon SA, Mehdipour P, Lun X, Chen HM, Mallard C, Hay AJ, Johnston MJ, Gafuik CJ, Zemp FJ, Shen Y, Ninkovic N, Osz K, Labit E, Berger ND, Brownsey DK, Kelly JJ, Biernaskie J, Dirks PB, Derksen DJ, Jones SJM, Senger DL, Chan JA, Mahoney DJ, De Carvalho DD, Gallo M. macroH2A2 antagonizes epigenetic programs of stemness in glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3062. [PMID: 37244935 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-renewal is a crucial property of glioblastoma cells that is enabled by the choreographed functions of chromatin regulators and transcription factors. Identifying targetable epigenetic mechanisms of self-renewal could therefore represent an important step toward developing effective treatments for this universally lethal cancer. Here we uncover an epigenetic axis of self-renewal mediated by the histone variant macroH2A2. With omics and functional assays deploying patient-derived in vitro and in vivo models, we show that macroH2A2 shapes chromatin accessibility at enhancer elements to antagonize transcriptional programs of self-renewal. macroH2A2 also sensitizes cells to small molecule-mediated cell death via activation of a viral mimicry response. Consistent with these results, our analyses of clinical cohorts indicate that high transcriptional levels of this histone variant are associated with better prognosis of high-grade glioma patients. Our results reveal a targetable epigenetic mechanism of self-renewal controlled by macroH2A2 and suggest additional treatment approaches for glioblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Nikolic
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Francesca Maule
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anna Bobyn
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Katrina Ellestad
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Seungil Paik
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Parinaz Mehdipour
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Xueqing Lun
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Huey-Miin Chen
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Claire Mallard
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alexander J Hay
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael J Johnston
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christopher J Gafuik
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Franz J Zemp
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nicoletta Ninkovic
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Katalin Osz
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elodie Labit
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Compararive Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N Daniel Berger
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Duncan K Brownsey
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - John J Kelly
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeff Biernaskie
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Compararive Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Peter B Dirks
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Darren J Derksen
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna L Senger
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Chan
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Douglas J Mahoney
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marco Gallo
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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12
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Foss A, Pathania M. Pediatric Glioma Models Provide Insights into Tumor Development and Future Therapeutic Strategies. Dev Neurosci 2023; 46:22-43. [PMID: 37231843 DOI: 10.1159/000531040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In depth study of pediatric gliomas has been hampered due to difficulties in accessing patient tissue and a lack of clinically representative tumor models. Over the last decade, however, profiling of carefully curated cohorts of pediatric tumors has identified genetic drivers that molecularly segregate pediatric gliomas from adult gliomas. This information has inspired the development of a new set of powerful in vitro and in vivo tumor models that can aid in identifying pediatric-specific oncogenic mechanisms and tumor microenvironment interactions. Single-cell analyses of both human tumors and these newly developed models have revealed that pediatric gliomas arise from spatiotemporally discrete neural progenitor populations in which developmental programs have become dysregulated. Pediatric high-grade gliomas also harbor distinct sets of co-segregating genetic and epigenetic alterations, often accompanied by unique features within the tumor microenvironment. The development of these novel tools and data resources has led to insights into the biology and heterogeneity of these tumors, including identification of distinctive sets of driver mutations, developmentally restricted cells of origin, recognizable patterns of tumor progression, characteristic immune environments, and tumor hijacking of normal microenvironmental and neural programs. As concerted efforts have broadened our understanding of these tumors, new therapeutic vulnerabilities have been identified, and for the first time, promising new strategies are being evaluated in the preclinical and clinical settings. Even so, dedicated and sustained collaborative efforts are necessary to refine our knowledge and bring these new strategies into general clinical use. In this review, we will discuss the range of currently available glioma models, the way in which they have each contributed to recent developments in the field, their benefits and drawbacks for addressing specific research questions, and their future utility in advancing biological understanding and treatment of pediatric glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Foss
- Department of Oncology and the Milner Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Manav Pathania
- Department of Oncology and the Milner Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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13
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Hou D, Castro B, Dapash M, Zolp A, Katz J, Arrieta V, Biermann J, Melms J, Kueckelhaus J, Benotmane J, Youngblood M, Rashidi A, Billingham L, Dmello C, Vazquez-Cervantes G, Lopez-Rosas A, Han Y, Patel R, Chia TY, Sun L, Prins R, Izar B, Heiland DH, Zhang P, Sonabend A, Miska J, Lesniak M, Zhao J, Lee-Chang C. B-cells Drive Response to PD-1 Blockade in Glioblastoma Upon Neutralization of TGFβ-mediated Immunosuppression. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2399170. [PMID: 36711497 PMCID: PMC9882679 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2399170/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but has yet to be translated into brain tumors. Studies in other solid tumors suggest a central role of B-cell immunity in driving immune-checkpoint-blockade efficacy. Using single-cell and single-nuclei transcriptomics of human glioblastoma and melanoma brain metastasis, we found that tumor-associated B-cells have high expression of checkpoint molecules, known to block B-cell-receptor downstream effector function such as plasmablast differentiation and antigen-presentation. We also identified TGFβ-1/TGFβ receptor-2 interaction as a crucial modulator of B-cell suppression. Treatment of glioblastoma patients with pembrolizumab induced expression of B-cell checkpoint molecules and TGFβ-receptor-2. Abrogation of TGFβ using different conditional knockouts expanded germinal-center-like intratumoral B-cells, enhancing immune-checkpoint-blockade efficacy. Finally, blocking αVβ8 integrin (which controls the release of active TGFβ) and PD-1 significantly increased B-cell-dependent animal survival and immunological memory. Our study highlights the importance of intratumoral B-cell immunity and a remodeled approach to boost the effects of immunotherapy against brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jason Miska
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
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14
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Wang C, Chen Q, Chen M, Guo S, Hou P, Zou Y, Wang J, He B, Zhang Q, Chen L, Luo L. Interaction of glioma-associated microglia/macrophages and anti-PD1 immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1685-1698. [PMID: 36624155 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Anti-PD-1-based therapy has resulted in a minimal clinical response in malignant gliomas. Gliomas contain numerous glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs), reported to contribute to an immunosuppressive microenvironment and promote glioma progression. However, whether and how GAMs affect anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in glioma remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that M1-like GAMs contribute to the anti-PD-1 therapeutic response, while the accumulation of M2-like GAMs is associated with therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, we found that PD-L1 ablation reverses GAMs M2-like phenotype and is beneficial to anti-PD-1 therapy. We also demonstrated that tumor-induced impairment of the antigen-presenting function of GAMs could limit the antitumor immunity of CD4+ T cells in anti-PD-1 therapy. Our study highlights the impact of GAMs activation on anti-PD-1 treatment and provides new insights into the role of GAMs in regulating anti-PD-1 therapy in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Wang
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Chen
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiqing Chen
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Sizhen Guo
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hou
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulian Zou
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bailin He
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lieping Chen
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University West Campus, MIC331, 600 West Campus Drive, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Liqun Luo
- Institute of Immunotherapy, Fujian Medical University, No. 1, Xuefu North Road, Minhou County, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Huang B, Zhang J, Zong W, Chen S, Zong Z, Zeng X, Zhang H. Myeloidcells in the immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma: The characteristics and therapeutic strategies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:994698. [PMID: 36923402 PMCID: PMC10008967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.994698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Conventional therapies, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have limited success in ameliorating patient survival. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which is infiltrated by a variety of myeloid cells, has been considered a crucial obstacle to current treatment. Recently, immunotherapy, which has achieved great success in hematological malignancies and some solid cancers, has garnered extensive attention for the treatment of GBM. In this review, we will present evidence on the features and functions of different populations of myeloid cells, and on current clinical advances in immunotherapies for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Capital Medical University Electric Power Teaching Hospital/State Grid Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Zong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of neurosurgery, Jiujiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, China
| | - Zhitao Zong
- Department of neurosurgery, Jiujiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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16
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Zhang X, Zhao L, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ju H, Wang X, Ren H, Zhu X, Dong Y. The immunosuppressive microenvironment and immunotherapy in human glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1003651. [PMID: 36466873 PMCID: PMC9712217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant intracranial tumor in adults, characterized by extensive infiltrative growth, high vascularization, and resistance to multiple therapeutic approaches. Among the many factors affecting the therapeutic effect, the immunosuppressive GBM microenvironment that is created by cells and associated molecules via complex mechanisms plays a particularly important role in facilitating evasion of the tumor from the immune response. Accumulating evidence is also revealing a close association of the gut microbiota with the challenges in the treatment of GBM. The gut microbiota establishes a connection with the central nervous system through bidirectional signals of the gut-brain axis, thus affecting the occurrence and development of GBM. In this review, we discuss the key immunosuppressive components in the tumor microenvironment, along with the regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiota involved in immunity and metabolism in the GBM microenvironment. Lastly, we concentrate on the immunotherapeutic strategies currently under investigation, which hold promise to overcome the hurdles of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and improve the therapeutic outcome for patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Leilei Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yurui Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Huanyu Ju
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hongda Hospital, Jinxiang, China
| | - Huan Ren
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Yucui Dong
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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17
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Robilliard LD, Yu J, Anchan A, Finlay G, Angel CE, Graham ES. Comprehensive Assessment of Secreted Immuno-Modulatory Cytokines by Serum-Differentiated and Stem-like Glioblastoma Cells Reveals Distinct Differences between Glioblastoma Phenotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214164. [PMID: 36430641 PMCID: PMC9692434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is refractory to therapy and presents a significant oncological challenge. Promising immunotherapies have not shown the promise observed in other aggressive cancers. The reasons for this include the highly immuno-suppressive tumour microenvironment controlled by the glioblastoma cells and heterogeneous phenotype of the glioblastoma cells. Here, we wanted to better understand which glioblastoma phenotypes produced the regulatory cytokines, particularly those that are implicated in shaping the immune microenvironment. In this study, we employed nanoString analysis of the glioblastoma transcriptome, and proteomic analysis (proteome profiler arrays and cytokine profiling) of secreted cytokines by different glioblastoma phenotypes. These phenotypes were cultured to reflect a spectrum of glioblastoma cells present in tumours, by culturing an enhanced stem-like phenotype of glioblastoma cells or a more differentiated phenotype following culture with serum. Extensive secretome profiling reveals that there is considerable heterogeneity in secretion patterns between serum-derived and glioblastoma stem-like cells, as well as between individuals. Generally, however, the serum-derived phenotypes appear to be the primary producers of cytokines associated with immune cell recruitment into the tumour microenvironment. Therefore, these glioblastoma cells have considerable importance in shaping the immune landscape in glioblastoma and represent a valuable therapeutic target that should not be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laverne D. Robilliard
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Jane Yu
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Akshata Anchan
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Graeme Finlay
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Catherine E. Angel
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - E Scott Graham
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
- Correspondence:
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18
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Bayik D, Bartels CF, Lovrenert K, Watson DC, Zhang D, Kay K, Lee J, Lauko A, Johnson S, Lo A, Silver DJ, McGraw M, Grabowski M, Mohammadi AM, Veglia F, Fan Y, Vogelbaum MA, Scacheri P, Lathia JD. Distinct Cell Adhesion Signature Defines Glioblastoma Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Subsets. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4274-4287. [PMID: 36126163 PMCID: PMC9664137 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In multiple types of cancer, an increased frequency in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is associated with worse outcomes and poor therapeutic response. In the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment, monocytic (m) MDSCs represent the predominant subset. However, the molecular basis of mMDSC enrichment in the tumor microenvironment compared with granulocytic (g) MDSCs has yet to be determined. Here we performed the first broad epigenetic profiling of MDSC subsets to define underlying cell-intrinsic differences in behavior and found that enhanced gene accessibility of cell adhesion programs in mMDSCs is linked to their tumor-accelerating ability in GBM models upon adoptive transfer. Mouse and human mMDSCs expressed higher levels of integrin β1 and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) compared with gMDSCs as part of an enhanced cell adhesion signature. Integrin β1 blockade abrogated the tumor-promoting phenotype of mMDSCs and altered the immune profile in the tumor microenvironment, whereas treatment with a DPP-4 inhibitor extended survival in preclinical GBM models. Targeting DPP-4 in mMDSCs reduced pERK signaling and their migration towards tumor cells. These findings uncover a fundamental difference in the molecular basis of MDSC subsets and suggest that integrin β1 and DPP-4 represent putative immunotherapy targets to attenuate myeloid cell-driven immune suppression in GBM. SIGNIFICANCE Epigenetic profiling uncovers cell adhesion programming as a regulator of the tumor-promoting functions of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in glioblastoma, identifying therapeutic targets that modulate the immune response and suppress tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defne Bayik
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cynthia F. Bartels
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Katreya Lovrenert
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dionysios C. Watson
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristen Kay
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Juyeun Lee
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Adam Lauko
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Case Western Reserve University, Medical Science Training Program, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Alice Lo
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Daniel J. Silver
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mary McGraw
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor Center, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | | | | | - Filippo Veglia
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Peter Scacheri
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Justin D. Lathia
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
- Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor Center, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
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19
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Ohno M, Kitano S, Satomi K, Yoshida A, Miyakita Y, Takahashi M, Yanagisawa S, Tamura Y, Ichimura K, Narita Y. Assessment of radiographic and prognostic characteristics of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in high-grade gliomas. J Neurooncol 2022; 160:463-472. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04165-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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20
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Unveiling the Noncanonical Autophagy-Independent Role of ATG7 and ATG9B in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9253938. [PMID: 36262348 PMCID: PMC9576406 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9253938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of autophagy in cancer remains elusive, and nontargeted autophagy inhibitors have limited therapeutic effects in HNSCC. Here, we systematically analyzed the correlation of autophagy-related genes in HNSCC through TCGA and single-cell sequencing data (GSE103322). ATG9B and ATG7 were found to have noncanonical autophagy-independent functions in HNSCC. Specifically, ATG9B was a protective factor in HNSCC patients through downregulating cancer cell EMT, and ATG7 was correlated with the immunosuppressive environment in HNSCC. Mechanistically, single-cell analysis revealed that ATG9B increased the epithelial phenotype of cancer cells but did not influence EMT signaling pathways. ATG7 was strongly correlated with elevated immunosuppressive checkpoints like PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA4 in HNSCC. Further single-cell analysis and multiple immunofluorescence colocalization analyses indicated that ATG7 contributed to the high expression of PD-L1 in myeloid cells but not cancer cells. Collectively, our results revealed noncanonical autophagy-independent functions of autophagy-related genes. These results increase understanding of the intricacies of autophagy and may contribute to precision treatment using autophagy-targeted therapies.
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21
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Singh M, Raghav A, Gautam KA. Role of the circulatory interleukin-6 in the pathogenesis of gliomas: A systematic review. World J Methodol 2022; 12:428-437. [PMID: 36186749 PMCID: PMC9516551 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i5.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioma is the most common primary tumor in the brain originating from glial cells. In spite of extensive research, the overall survival rate is not enhanced. A number of published articles observed differentially circulating levels of cytokines in glioma. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) protein coded by IL-6 gene is regulated by the immune system and it has been found to have a significant role in progression and apoptosis resistance of glioma.
AIM To review the role of circulatory IL-6 in the development and progression of glioma and its utility as a biomarker.
METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were applied to filter the relevant studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. We used a combination of keywords and the Reference Citation Analysis (RCA) tool to search the potential studies and performed data extraction from selected studies.
RESULTS The published results were inconsistent; however, most studies showed a significantly higher IL-6 level in glioma cases as compared to controls. Comparative IL-6 level among the different grades of glioma showed a higher level with low-grade gliomas and lower level with high-grade gliomas.
CONCLUSION IL-6 level significantly differed between cases and controls, and among different cancer stages, which shows its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur 208001, India
| | - Alok Raghav
- Department of Neurosurgery, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur 208001, India
| | - Kirti Amresh Gautam
- Department of Basic and Applied Science, GD Goenka University, Gurugram 122103, Haryana, India
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22
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Franson A, McClellan BL, Varela ML, Comba A, Syed MF, Banerjee K, Zhu Z, Gonzalez N, Candolfi M, Lowenstein P, Castro MG. Development of immunotherapy for high-grade gliomas: Overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:966458. [PMID: 36186781 PMCID: PMC9515652 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.966458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The preclinical and clinical development of novel immunotherapies for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is advancing at a rapid pace. High-grade gliomas (HGG) are aggressive tumors with poor prognoses in both adult and pediatric patients, and innovative and effective therapies are greatly needed. The use of cytotoxic chemotherapies has marginally improved survival in some HGG patient populations. Although several challenges exist for the successful development of immunotherapies for CNS tumors, recent insights into the genetic alterations that define the pathogenesis of HGG and their direct effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME) may allow for a more refined and targeted therapeutic approach. This review will focus on the TME in HGG, the genetic drivers frequently found in these tumors and their effect on the TME, the development of immunotherapy for HGG, and the practical challenges in clinical trials employing immunotherapy for HGG. Herein, we will discuss broadly the TME and immunotherapy development in HGG, with a specific focus on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) as well as additional discussion in the context of the pediatric HGG diagnoses of diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and diffuse hemispheric glioma (DHG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Franson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Brandon L. McClellan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria Luisa Varela
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Andrea Comba
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mohammad Faisal Syed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nazareno Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biosciences Initiative in Brain Cancer, Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Maria Graciela Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Biosciences Initiative in Brain Cancer, Biointerface Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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23
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Tang Q, Chen Y, Li X, Long S, Shi Y, Yu Y, Wu W, Han L, Wang S. The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in human cancers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:964442. [PMID: 36177034 PMCID: PMC9513184 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.964442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a checkpoint receptor expressed on the surface of various immune cells. PD-L1, the natural receptor for PD-1, is mainly expressed in tumor cells. Studies have indicated that PD-1 and PD-L1 are closely associated with the progression of human cancers and are promising biomarkers for cancer therapy. Moreover, the interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 is one of the important mechanism by which human tumors generate immune escape. This article provides a review on the role of PD-L1/PD-1, mechanisms of immune response and resistance, as well as immune-related adverse events in the treatment of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in human cancers. Moreover, we summarized a large number of clinical trials to successfully reveal that PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have manifested promising therapeutic effects, which have been evaluated from different perspectives, including overall survival, objective effective rate and medium progression-free survival. Finally, we pointed out the current problems faced by PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors and its future prospects. Although PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of human cancers, tough challenges still remain. Combination therapy and predictive models based on integrated biomarker determination theory may be the future directions for the application of PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors in treating human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunqin Long
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Shi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaya Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanyin Wu, ; Ling Han, ; Sumei Wang,
| | - Ling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanyin Wu, ; Ling Han, ; Sumei Wang,
| | - Sumei Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Clinical and Basic Research Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanyin Wu, ; Ling Han, ; Sumei Wang,
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24
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Li L, Zhou J, Dong X, Liao Q, Zhou D, Zhou Y. Dendritic cell vaccines for glioblastoma fail to complete clinical translation: Bottlenecks and potential countermeasures. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108929. [PMID: 35700581 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a heterogeneous and invasive WHO grade IV brain tumor. Patients with GBM have a median overall survival (OS) of only 14 to 17 months when treated with surgical resection and chemoradiation. As one of the most promising anti-tumor immunotherapies, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines have demonstrated good efficacy, safety, and tolerability in many clinical trials. However, to date, no Phase III clinical trial has achieved positive endpoints and truly implement clinical development and transformation. Moreover, the survival benefits of DC vaccines for patients with GBM seem to have a delayed effect; therefore, we urgently require strategies to optimize DC vaccines to advance the time point of its survival benefits. Here, we discuss the latest clinical trial progress of DC vaccines in GBM and summarize the benefits and drawbacks of various vaccine design options, as well as the challenges faced in clinical translation. Moreover, we target future combination therapy strategies for DC vaccines in GBM, which provides a new perspective for comprehensively understanding the effectiveness, limitations, and new directions of the development of DC vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luohong Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xueting Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Dongbo Zhou
- Department of Geriatric, Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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25
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Lv B, Wang Y, Ma D, Cheng W, Liu J, Yong T, Chen H, Wang C. Immunotherapy: Reshape the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844142. [PMID: 35874717 PMCID: PMC9299092 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) include tumor cells, immune cells, cytokines, etc. The interactions between these components, which are divided into anti-tumor and pro-tumor, determine the trend of anti-tumor immunity. Although the immune system can eliminate tumor through the cancer-immune cycle, tumors appear to eventually evade from immune surveillance by shaping an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Immunotherapy reshapes the TIME and restores the tumor killing ability of anti-tumor immune cells. Herein, we review the function of immune cells within the TIME and discuss the contribution of current mainstream immunotherapeutic approaches to remolding the TIME. Changes in the immune microenvironment in different forms under the intervention of immunotherapy can shed light on better combination treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhe Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongjiang Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Yong
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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26
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Liu YQ, Luo M, Shi Y, Guo Y, Zhang H, Yang KD, Li TR, Yang LQ, Liu TT, Huang B, Liu Q, He ZC, Zhang XN, Wang WY, Wang S, Zeng H, Niu Q, Zhang X, Cui YH, Zhang ZR, Bian XW, Ping YF. Dicer deficiency impairs proliferation but potentiates anti-tumoral effect of macrophages in glioblastoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:3791-3803. [PMID: 35764885 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a lethal primary brain tumor with abundant immune-suppressive glioblastoma-associated macrophage (GAM) infiltration. Skewing immune suppressive GAMs towards an immune-activating phenotype represents a promising immunotherapeutic strategy against glioblastoma. Herein, we reported that genetic deletion of miRNA-processing enzyme Dicer in macrophages inhibited the growth of GL261 murine glioblastoma xenografts and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the tumor-infiltrating immune cells revealed that Dicer deletion in macrophages reduced the proportion of cell-cycling GAM cluster and reprogramed the remaining GAMs towards a proinflammatory activation state (enhanced phagocytotic and IFN-producing signature). Dicer-deficient GAMs showed reduced level of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK1 and CDK2) and increased expression of CDK inhibitor p27 Kip1, thus manifesting impaired proliferation. Dicer knockout enhanced phagocytotic activity of GAMs to eliminate GL261 tumor cells. Increased proinflammatory GAM clusters in macrophage Dicer-deficient mice actively interacted with tumor-infiltrating T cells and NK cells through TNF paracrine signaling to create a pro-inflammatory immune microenvironment for tumor cell elimination. Our work identifies the role of Dicer deletion in macrophages in generating an immune-activating microenvironment, which could be further developed as a potential immunotherapeutic strategy against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qi Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China.,Army 953 Hospital, Shigatse Branch of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Shigatse, 857000, China
| | - Min Luo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kai-Di Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Tian-Ran Li
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liu-Qing Yang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng He
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wen-Ying Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qin Niu
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - You-Hong Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi-Ren Zhang
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Xiu-Wu Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yi-Fang Ping
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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27
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A Novel Classification Model for Lower-Grade Glioma Patients Based on Pyroptosis-Related Genes. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12060700. [PMID: 35741587 PMCID: PMC9221219 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that pyroptosis plays a crucial role in shaping the tumor-immune microenvironment. However, the influence of pyroptosis on lower-grade glioma regarding immunotherapy and targeted therapy is still unknown. This study analyzed the variations of 33 pyroptosis-related genes in lower-grade glioma and normal tissues. Our study found considerable genetic and expression alterations in heterogeneity among lower-grade gliomas and normal brain tissues. There are two pyroptosis phenotypes in lower-grade glioma, and they exhibited differences in cell infiltration characteristics and clinical characters. Then, a PyroScore model using the lasso-cox method was constructed to measure the level of pyroptosis in each patient. PyroScore can refine the lower-grade glioma patients with a stratified prognosis and a distinct tumor immune microenvironment. Pyscore may also be an effective factor in predicting potential therapeutic benefits. In silico analysis showed that patients with a lower PyroScore are expected to be more sensitive to targeted therapy and immunotherapy. These findings may enhance our understanding of pyroptosis in lower-grade glioma and might help optimize risk stratification for the survival and personalized management of lower-grade glioma patients.
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28
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Liu D, Cheng Y, Qiao S, Liu M, Ji Q, Zhang BL, Mei QB, Zhou S. Nano-Codelivery of Temozolomide and siPD-L1 to Reprogram the Drug-Resistant and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Orthotopic Glioblastoma. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7409-7427. [PMID: 35549164 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an invasive cancer with high mortality in central nervous system. Resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) and immunosuppressive microenvironment lead to low outcome of the standardized treatment for GBM. In this study, a 2-deoxy-d-glucose modified lipid polymer nanoparticle loaded with TMZ and siPD-L1 (TMZ/siPD-L1@GLPN/dsb) was prepared to reprogram the TMZ-resistant and immunosuppressive microenvironment in orthotopic GBM. TMZ/siPD-L1@GLPN/dsb simultaneously delivered a large amount of TMZ and siPD-L1 to the deep area of the orthotopic TMZ-resistant GBM tissue. By inhibiting PD-L1 protein expression, TMZ/siPD-L1@GLPN/dsb markedly augmented the percentage of CD3+CD8+IFN-γ+ cells (Teff cells) and reduced the percentage of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells (Treg cells) in orthotopic TMZ-resistant GBM tissue, which enhanced T-cell mediated cytotoxicity on orthotopic TMZ-resistant GBM. Moreover, TMZ/siPD-L1@GLPN/dsb obviously augmented the sensitivity of orthotopic TMZ-resistant GBM to TMZ through decreasing the protein expression of O6-methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Thus, TMZ/siPD-L1@GLPN/dsb markedly restrained the growth of orthotopic TMZ-resistant GBM and extended the survival time of orthotopic GBM rats through reversing a TMZ-resistant and immunosuppressive microenvironment. TMZ/siPD-L1@GLPN/dsb shows potential application to treat orthotopic TMZ-resistant GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daozhou Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Sai Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qifeng Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Bang-Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qi-Bing Mei
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Siyuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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29
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Wang T, Shi J, Li L, Zhou X, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang Y, Liu L, Sheng L. Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Inter-Tumor Heterogeneity in Bilateral Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840811. [PMID: 35515000 PMCID: PMC9065345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in cancer progression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), yet the composition and the phenotype of cells within the TME in bilateral PTC are poorly understood. Methods We performed unbiased transcriptome-wide single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on 29,561 cells from 3 pairs of bilateral PTC and 1 non-tumor thyroid sample. The results of the analysis were validated by a large-scale bulk transcriptomic dataset deposited in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Results Our integrative analysis of thyroid follicular cells revealed 42 signaling pathways enriched in malignant follicular cells, including cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. A 6-gene signature (CXCL3, CXCL1, IL1A, CCL5, TNFRSF12A, and IL18) in the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction pathway was constructed to predict the prognosis of patients with PTC, with high risk scores being associated with decreased overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.863, 95% CI = 2.233−6.682, p < 0.001]. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) indicated that the pathways enriched in bilateral PTC were significantly different, indicating great heterogeneity in bilateral PTC, even with the same BRAF V600E mutation. Comprehensive analysis of T cells revealed that the proportion of CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells expressing IFNG decreased in tumor samples with advanced N stage. Within the myeloid compartment, the ratio of suppressive M2-like to pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages increased with advanced disease stage, which was confirmed in the bulk dataset using transcriptomic profiles. In addition, we also identified numerous biologically critical interactions among myeloid cells, T cells, and follicular cells, which were related to T-cell recruitment, M2-like macrophage polarization, malignant follicular cell progression, and T-cell inhibitory signaling. Conclusion Our integrative analyses revealed great inter-tumor heterogeneity within the TME in bilateral PTC, which will offer assistance for precise diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyuan Shi
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Luchuan Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Scientific Research, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Sheng,
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30
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Rong L, Li N, Zhang Z. Emerging therapies for glioblastoma: current state and future directions. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:142. [PMID: 35428347 PMCID: PMC9013078 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common high-grade primary malignant brain tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. Given the poor survival with currently approved treatments for GBM, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Advances in decades of investment in basic science of glioblastoma are rapidly translated into innovative clinical trials, utilizing improved genetic and epigenetic profiling of glioblastoma as well as the brain microenvironment and immune system interactions. Following these encouraging findings, immunotherapy including immune checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, and vaccine therapy have offered new hope for improving GBM outcomes; ongoing studies are using combinatorial therapies with the aim of minimizing adverse side-effects and augmenting antitumor immune responses. In addition, techniques to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for targeted delivery are being tested in clinical trials in patients with recurrent GBM. Here, we set forth the rationales for these promising therapies in treating GBM, review the potential novel agents, the current status of preclinical and clinical trials, and discuss the challenges and future perspectives in glioblastoma immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Rong
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Li
- Institute of Human Virology, Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
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31
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Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor signaling in the central nervous system and the potential of its pharmacological inhibitors to halt the progression of neurological disorders. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:821-842. [PMID: 35290551 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colony Stimulating Factor-1 (CSF-1)/Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (CSF-1R) signaling axis plays an essential role in the development, maintenance, and proliferation of macrophage lineage cells. Within the central nervous system, CSF-1R signaling primarily maintains microglial homeostasis. Microglia, being the resident macrophage and first responder to any neurological insults, plays critical importance in overall health of the human brain. Aberrant and sustained activation of microglia along with continued proliferation and release of neurotoxic proinflammatory cytokines have been reported in various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, halting the neuroinflammatory pathway via targeting microglial proliferation, which depends on CSF-1R signaling, has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders. However, apart from regulating the microglial function, recently it has been discovered that CSF-1R has much broader role in central nervous system. These findings limit the therapeutic utility of CSF-1R inhibitors but also highlight the need for a complete understanding of CSF-1R function within the central nervous system. Moreover, it has been found that selective inhibitors of CSF-1R may be more efficient in avoiding non-specific targeting and associated side effects. Short-term depletion of microglial population in diseased conditions have also been found to be beneficial; however, the dose and therapeutic window for optimum effects may need to be standardized further.This review summarizes the present understanding of CSF-1R function within the central nervous system. We discuss the CSF-1R signaling in the context of microglia function, crosstalk between microglia and astroglia, and regulation of neuronal cell function. We also discuss a few of the neurological disorders with a focus on the utility of CSF-1R inhibitors as potential therapeutic strategy for halting the progression of neurological diseases.
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32
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Polyamine Immunometabolism: Central Regulators of Inflammation, Cancer and Autoimmunity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050896. [PMID: 35269518 PMCID: PMC8909056 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous, amine-rich molecules with diverse processes in biology. Recent work has highlighted that polyamines exert profound roles on the mammalian immune system, particularly inflammation and cancer. The mechanisms by which they control immunity are still being described. In the context of inflammation and autoimmunity, polyamine levels inversely correlate to autoimmune phenotypes, with lower polyamine levels associated with higher inflammatory responses. Conversely, in the context of cancer, polyamines and polyamine biosynthetic genes positively correlate with the severity of malignancy. Blockade of polyamine metabolism in cancer results in reduced tumor growth, and the effects appear to be mediated by an increase in T-cell infiltration and a pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages. These studies suggest that polyamine depletion leads to inflammation and that polyamine enrichment potentiates myeloid cell immune suppression. Indeed, combinatorial treatment with polyamine blockade and immunotherapy has shown efficacy in pre-clinical models of cancer. Considering the efficacy of immunotherapies is linked to autoimmune sequelae in humans, termed immune-adverse related events (iAREs), this suggests that polyamine levels may govern the inflammatory response to immunotherapies. This review proposes that polyamine metabolism acts to balance autoimmune inflammation and anti-tumor immunity and that polyamine levels can be used to monitor immune responses and responsiveness to immunotherapy.
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33
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Gazaille C, Sicot M, Saulnier P, Eyer J, Bastiat G. Local Delivery and Glioblastoma: Why Not Combining Sustained Release and Targeting? FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 3:791596. [PMID: 35047971 PMCID: PMC8757870 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2021.791596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive brain tumors and is associated with a very low overall median survival despite the current treatment. The standard of care used in clinic is the Stupp's protocol which consists of a maximal resection of the tumor when possible, followed by radio and chemotherapy using temozolomide. However, in most cases, glioblastoma cells infiltrate healthy tissues and lead to fatal recurrences. There are a lot of hurdles to overcome in the development of new therapeutic strategies such as tumor heterogeneity, cell infiltration, alkylating agent resistance, physiological barriers, etc., and few treatments are on the market today. One of them is particularly appealing because it is a local therapy, which does not bring additional invasiveness since tumor resection is included in the gold standard treatment. They are implants: the Gliadel® wafers, which are deposited post-surgery. Nevertheless, in addition to presenting important undesirable effects, it does not bring any major benefit in the therapy despite the strategy being particularly attractive. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent advances in the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma using an implant-type approach. The combination of this local strategy with effective targeting of the tumor microenvironment as a whole, also developed in this review, may be of interest to alleviate some of the obstacles encountered in the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marion Sicot
- Univ Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
| | | | - Joël Eyer
- Univ Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
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34
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Barca C, Foray C, Hermann S, Herrlinger U, Remory I, Laoui D, Schäfers M, Grauer OM, Zinnhardt B, Jacobs AH. The Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor (CSF-1R)-Mediated Regulation of Microglia/Macrophages as a Target for Neurological Disorders (Glioma, Stroke). Front Immunol 2021; 12:787307. [PMID: 34950148 PMCID: PMC8688767 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.787307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory therapies have fueled interest in targeting microglial cells as part of the innate immune response after infection or injury. In this context, the colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) and its receptor (CSF-1R) have gained attention in various neurological conditions to deplete and reprogram the microglia/macrophages compartment. Published data in physiological conditions support the use of small-molecule inhibitors to study microglia/macrophages dynamics under inflammatory conditions and as a therapeutic strategy in pathologies where those cells support disease progression. However, preclinical and clinical data highlighted that the complexity of the spatiotemporal inflammatory response could limit their efficiency due to compensatory mechanisms, ultimately leading to therapy resistance. We review the current state-of-art in the field of CSF-1R inhibition in glioma and stroke and provide an overview of the fundamentals, ongoing research, potential developments of this promising therapeutic strategy and further application toward molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Barca
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Claudia Foray
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Herrlinger
- Division of Clinical Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Centre of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Isabel Remory
- In vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging laboratory (ICMI), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Lab, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Lab of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver M Grauer
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bastian Zinnhardt
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Biomarkers & Translational Technologies (BTT), Pharma Research & Early Development (pRED), F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas H Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Centre of Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Johanniter Hospital, Bonn, Germany
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Wang EJ, Chen JS, Jain S, Morshed RA, Haddad AF, Gill S, Beniwal AS, Aghi MK. Immunotherapy Resistance in Glioblastoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:750675. [PMID: 34976006 PMCID: PMC8718605 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.750675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite treatment consisting of surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy, survival remains poor at a rate of 26.5% at 2 years. Recent successes in using immunotherapies to treat a number of solid and hematologic cancers have led to a growing interest in harnessing the immune system to target glioblastoma. Several studies have examined the efficacy of various immunotherapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, adoptive transfer of lymphocytes, and oncolytic virotherapy in both pre-clinical and clinical settings. However, these therapies have yielded mixed results at best when applied to glioblastoma. While the initial failures of immunotherapy were thought to reflect the immunoprivileged environment of the brain, more recent studies have revealed immune escape mechanisms created by the tumor itself and adaptive resistance acquired in response to therapy. Several of these resistance mechanisms hijack key signaling pathways within the immune system to create a protumoral microenvironment. In this review, we discuss immunotherapies that have been trialed in glioblastoma, mechanisms of tumor resistance, and strategies to sensitize these tumors to immunotherapies. Insights gained from the studies summarized here may help pave the way for novel therapies to overcome barriers that have thus far limited the success of immunotherapy in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaina J. Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jia-Shu Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Saket Jain
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ramin A. Morshed
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alexander F. Haddad
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sabraj Gill
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Angad S. Beniwal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Manish K. Aghi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Anghileri E, Patanè M, Di Ianni N, Sambruni I, Maffezzini M, Milani M, Maddaloni L, Pollo B, Eoli M, Pellegatta S. Deciphering the Labyrinthine System of the Immune Microenvironment in Recurrent Glioblastoma: Recent Original Advances and Lessons from Clinical Immunotherapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6156. [PMID: 34944776 PMCID: PMC8699787 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The interpretation of the presence and function of immune infiltration in glioblastoma (GBM) is still debated. Over the years, GBM has been considered a cold tumor that is less infiltrated by effector cells and characterized by a high proportion of immunosuppressive innate immune cells, including GBM-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs). In this context, the failure of checkpoint inhibitors, particularly in recurrent GBM (rGBM), caused us to look beyond the clinical results and consider the point of view of immune cells. The tumor microenvironment in rGBM can be particularly hostile, even when exposed to standard immunomodulatory therapies, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), when present, are either dysfunctional or terminally exhausted. However, after checkpoint blockade therapy, it was possible to observe specific recruitment of adaptive immune cells and an efficient systemic immune response. In this review article, we attempt to address current knowledge regarding the tumor and immune microenvironment in rGBM. Furthermore, immunosuppression induced by GAMs and TIL dysfunction was revisited to account for genetic defects that can determine resistance to therapies and manipulate the immune microenvironment upon recurrence. Accordingly, we reevaluated the microenvironment of some of our rGBM patients treated with dendritic cell immunotherapy, with the goal of identifying predictive immune indicators of better treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Anghileri
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Monica Patanè
- Unit of Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Natalia Di Ianni
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria, 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Sambruni
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria, 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Maffezzini
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria, 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Milani
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria, 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Maddaloni
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Bianca Pollo
- Unit of Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Marica Eoli
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Serena Pellegatta
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.A.); (N.D.I.); (I.S.); (M.M.); (M.M.); (L.M.); (M.E.)
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Brain Tumors, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria, 11, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Sun L, Lai T, Prins RM. Is there a role for neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapies in glioma? Curr Opin Neurol 2021; 34:834-839. [PMID: 34608074 PMCID: PMC8595846 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we summarized recent findings that highlight the progress for checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. RECENT FINDINGS We reviewed new data from our group and others that suggest that the timing of when immunotherapy is applied can impact the antitumor immune response and, potentially, the ultimate clinical benefit of patients. SUMMARY The neoadjuvant priming and expansion of exhausted T cells within the GBM microenvironment, followed by the removal of an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment through surgical resection, may lead to enhanced antitumor immune responses that are beneficial clinically. As such, neoadjuvant immunotherapeutic approaches and rational combinations may be helpful scientifically to understand how immunotherapeutic interventions influence the tumor microenvironment, as well benefit the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Thomas Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Robert M. Prins
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Ott M, Prins RM, Heimberger AB. The immune landscape of common CNS malignancies: implications for immunotherapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2021; 18:729-744. [PMID: 34117475 PMCID: PMC11090136 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-021-00518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has enabled remarkable therapeutic responses across cancers of various lineages, albeit with some notable exceptions such as glioblastoma. Several previous misconceptions, which have impaired progress in the past, including the presence and role of the blood-brain barrier and a lack of lymphatic drainage, have been refuted. Nonetheless, a subset of patients with brain metastases but, paradoxically, not the vast majority of those with gliomas are able to respond to immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Immune profiling of samples obtained from patients with central nervous system malignancies using techniques such as mass cytometry and single-cell sequencing along with experimental data from genetically engineered mouse models have revealed fundamental differences in immune composition and immunobiology that not only explain the differences in responsiveness to these agents but also lay the foundations for immunotherapeutic strategies that are applicable to gliomas. Herein, we review the emerging data on the differences in immune cell composition, function and interactions within central nervous system tumours and provide guidance on the development of novel immunotherapies for these historically difficult-to-treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Ott
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M Prins
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Targeting MUS81 promotes the anticancer effect of WEE1 inhibitor and immune checkpoint blocking combination therapy via activating cGAS/STING signaling in gastric cancer cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:315. [PMID: 34625086 PMCID: PMC8501558 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Identification of genomic biomarkers to predict the anticancer effects of indicated drugs is considered a promising strategy for the development of precision medicine. DNA endonuclease MUS81 plays a pivotal role in various biological processes during malignant diseases, mainly in DNA damage repair and replication fork stability. Our previous study reported that MUS81 was highly expressed and linked to tumor metastasis in gastric cancer; however, its therapeutic value has not been fully elucidated. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was used to define MUS81-related differential genes, which were further validated in clinical tissue samples. Gain or loss of function MUS81 cell models were constructed to elucidate the effect and mechanism of MUS81 on WEE1 expression. Moreover, the antitumor effect of targeting MUS81 combined with WEE1 inhibitors was verified using in vivo and in vitro assays. Thereafter, the cGAS/STING pathway was evaluated, and the therapeutic value of MUS81 for immunotherapy of gastric cancer was determined. Results In this study, MUS81 negatively correlated with the expression of cell cycle checkpoint kinase WEE1. Furthermore, we identified that MUS81 regulated the ubiquitination of WEE1 via E-3 ligase β-TRCP in an enzymatic manner. In addition, MUS81 inhibition could sensitize the anticancer effect of the WEE1 inhibitor MK1775 in gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, when MUS81 was targeted, it increased the accumulation of cytosolic DNA induced by MK1775 treatment and activated the DNA sensor STING-mediated innate immunity in the gastric cancer cells. Thus, the WEE1 inhibitor MK1775 specifically enhanced the anticancer effect of immune checkpoint blockade therapy in MUS81 deficient gastric cancer cells. Conclusions Our data provide rational evidence that targeting MUS81 could elevate the expression of WEE1 by regulating its ubiquitination and could activate the innate immune response, thereby enhancing the anticancer efficacy of WEE1 inhibitor and immune checkpoint blockade combination therapy in gastric cancer cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02120-4.
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Li K, Shi H, Zhang B, Ou X, Ma Q, Chen Y, Shu P, Li D, Wang Y. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as immunosuppressive regulators and therapeutic targets in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:362. [PMID: 34620838 PMCID: PMC8497485 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenic population of immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive effects, which undergo massive expansion during tumor progression. These cells not only support immune escape directly but also promote tumor invasion via various non-immunological activities. Besides, this group of cells are proved to impair the efficiency of current antitumor strategies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Therefore, MDSCs are considered as potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Treatment strategies targeting MDSCs have shown promising outcomes in both preclinical studies and clinical trials when administrated alone, or in combination with other anticancer therapies. In this review, we shed new light on recent advances in the biological characteristics and immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs. We also hope to propose an overview of current MDSCs-targeting therapies so as to provide new ideas for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Houhui Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Benxia Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejin Ou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Qizhi Ma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei Shu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, and Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, 610041, Chengdu, China. .,Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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Liu YS, Huang BR, Lin CJ, Shen CK, Lai SW, Chen CW, Lin HJ, Lin CH, Hsieh YC, Lu DY. Paliperidone Inhibits Glioblastoma Growth in Mouse Brain Tumor Model and Reduces PD-L1 Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174357. [PMID: 34503167 PMCID: PMC8430966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study showed that a prescribed psychotropic medicine paliperidone inhibits GBM growth and prolongs survival in mouse brain tumor model and decreased the programmed death ligand 1 expression. Using the 3D co-culture also found that dopamine receptor D2 regulates the interaction of GBM-macrophage-induced PD-L1 expression in GBMs. In addition, the expression of DRD2 and PD-L1 in GBM modulates tumor-associated macrophage polarization. Our results also indicated that there is a contact-independent mechanism of PD-L1 induction in GBM upon interaction between GBM and monocytes. The present study also found that the interaction of GBM-macrophage-enhanced PD-L1 expression in GBM occurred by modulating the ERK and STAT3 signaling pathways. In addition, the inhibition of DRD2 reduces the upregulation of PD-1 expression, and it is regulating signaling in GBM. Abstract A previous study from our group reported that monocyte adhesion to glioblastoma (GBM) promoted tumor growth and invasion activity and increased tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) proliferation and inflammatory mediator secretion as well. The present study showed that prescribed psychotropic medicine paliperidone reduced GBM growth and immune checkpoint protein programmed death ligand (PD-L)1 expression and increased survival in an intracranial xenograft mouse model. An analysis of the database of patients with glioma showed that the levels of PD-L1 and dopamine receptor D (DRD)2 were higher in the GBM group than in the low grade astrocytoma and non-tumor groups. In addition, GFP expressing GBM (GBM-GFP) cells co-cultured with monocytes-differentiated macrophage enhanced PD-L1 expression in GBM cells. The enhancement of PD-L1 in GBM was antagonized by paliperidone and risperidone as well as DRD2 selective inhibitor L741426. The expression of CD206 (M2 phenotype marker) was observed to be markedly increased in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) co-cultured with GBM. Importantly, treatment with paliperidone effectively decreased CD206 and also dramatically increased CD80 (M1 phenotype marker) in BMDMs. We have previously established a PD-L1 GBM-GFP cell line that stably expresses PD-L1. Experiments showed that the expressions of CD206 was increased and CD80 was mildly decreased in the BMDMs co-cultured with PD-L1 GBM-GFP cells. On the other hands, knockdown of DRD2 expression in GBM cells dramatically decreased the expression of CD206 but markedly increased CD80 expressions in BMDMs. The present study suggests that DRD2 may be involved in regulating the PD-L1 expression in GBM and the microenvironment of GBM. Our results provide a valuable therapeutic strategy and indicate that treatments combining DRD2 antagonist paliperidone with standard immunotherapy may be beneficial for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (S.-W.L.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Bor-Ren Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ju Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Kai Shen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Wei Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (S.-W.L.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Chao-Wei Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Jung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (S.-W.L.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Chia-Huei Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Yun-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (Y.-S.L.); (S.-W.L.); (H.-J.L.)
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-422-053-366 (ext. 2253)
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Karachi A, Dastmalchi F, Nazarian S, Huang J, Sayour EJ, Jin L, Yang C, Mitchell DA, Rahman M. Optimizing T Cell-Based Therapy for Glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705580. [PMID: 34421912 PMCID: PMC8374079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Evading T cell surveillance is a hallmark of cancer. Patients with solid tissue malignancy, such as glioblastoma (GBM), have multiple forms of immune dysfunction, including defective T cell function. T cell dysfunction is exacerbated by standard treatment strategies such as steroids, chemotherapy, and radiation. Reinvigoration of T cell responses can be achieved by utilizing adoptively transferred T cells, including CAR T cells. However, these cells are at risk for depletion and dysfunction as well. This review will discuss adoptive T cell transfer strategies and methods to avoid T cell dysfunction for the treatment of brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Karachi
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Farhad Dastmalchi
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Saina Nazarian
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jianping Huang
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Elias J Sayour
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Linchun Jin
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Changlin Yang
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maryam Rahman
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Mir Seyed Nazari P, Berghoff AS, Preusser M, Moik F, Posch F, Ricken G, Riedl J, Hell L, Marosi C, Hainfellner JA, Pabinger I, Ay C. Association of programmed cell death ligand 1 and circulating lymphocytes with risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with glioma. ESMO Open 2021; 5:e000647. [PMID: 32424065 PMCID: PMC7239522 DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2019-000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The role of the adaptive immune system in the pathophysiology of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been investigated in detail. Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule responsible for immune evasion in several cancer entities, as expression on tumour cells silences the T cell-mediated immune response. Given the interrelation between inflammation, haemostasis and cancer, we aimed to investigate the association of players of the adaptive immunity (eg, lymphocytes, tumour PD-L1) with risk of VTE in patients with glioma, one of the most prothrombotic cancer types. Methods In this prospective observational single-centre cohort study, patients with newly diagnosed glioma or regrowth after resection were included. Primary endpoint was objectively confirmed VTE. At study inclusion, a blood draw was performed. Tumour PD-L1 expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry. Results In total, 193 patients were included. PD-L1 expression in ≥1% of tumour cells was observed in 20/193 (10.4%) glioma. In multivariable cox-regression analysis, on adjustment for age, sex and WHO grade IV, systemic lymphocyte counts were significantly associated with risk of VTE (HR per 1 G/L increase (95% CI): 1.15 (1.03 to 1.29), p=0.013). In contrast, no significant difference in risk of VTE was found regarding the PD-L1 status: the cumulative 24 months probability of VTE was 17.0% in patients with no PD-L1 and 11.8% in those with PD-L1 expressing tumours (p=0.663). Conclusion In summary, PD-L1 expression was not associated with risk of VTE. Interestingly, peripheral lymphocytes, which are key players in adaptive immunity, were linked to an increased risk of glioma-associated VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Mir Seyed Nazari
- Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S Berghoff
- Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Moik
- Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Posch
- Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerda Ricken
- Institute of Neurology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Riedl
- Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Hell
- Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Marosi
- Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes A Hainfellner
- Institute of Neurology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Pabinger
- Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cihan Ay
- Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Combination of p38 MAPK inhibitor with PD-L1 antibody effectively prolongs survivals of temozolomide-resistant glioma-bearing mice via reduction of infiltrating glioma-associated macrophages and PD-L1 expression on resident glioma-associated microglia. Brain Tumor Pathol 2021; 38:189-200. [PMID: 34231121 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-021-00404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Current conventional treatment strategies for glioblastoma (GBM) have limited efficacy due to the rapid development of resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). It is particularly urgent to develop novel therapeutic strategies that can overcome TMZ resistance and provide patients with better prognoses. Here, a TMZ-resistant GBM cell strain and a mouse model of TMZ resistance are established as valuable tools to explore novel therapeutic strategies against TMZ resistance. Experimentally, p38MAPK inhibitor reduces the accumulation of F4/80+/CD11b+ macrophages/microglia in glioma and prolongs the survivals of glioma-bearing mice. Glioma-associated macrophages/microglia have a significanct expression of PD-L1. p38MAPK inhibitor in combination with PD-L1 antibody can effectively prolongs the survivals of TMZ-resistant GBM-bearing hosts, and differentially reduces the accumulation of circulating monocytes-derived tumor-associated macrophages and PD-L1 abundances of resident glioma-associated microglia. This combination therapy could be a treatment option for patients at the recurrence or chronic TMZ maintenance stages. A clinical study to confirm the safety and effectiveness of this combination therapy is warranted.
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Cai H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Gu J. Defects in Macrophage Reprogramming in Cancer Therapy: The Negative Impact of PD-L1/PD-1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690869. [PMID: 34248982 PMCID: PMC8260839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages are two polarized subsets of macrophages at the extreme ends of a constructed continuum. In the field of cancer research, M2 macrophage reprogramming is defined as the repolarization of pro-tumoral M2 to anti-tumoral M1 macrophages. It is known that colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1)/CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) and CSF2/CSF2R signaling play important roles in macrophage polarization. Targeting CSF1/CSF1R for M2 macrophage reprogramming has been widely performed in clinical trials for cancer therapy. Other targets for M2 macrophage reprogramming include Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), TLR8, TLR9, CD40, histone deacetylase (HDAC), and PI3Kγ. Although macrophages are involved in innate and adaptive immune responses, M1 macrophages are less effective at phagocytosis and antigen presenting, which are required properties for the activation of T cells and eradication of cancer cells. Similar to T and dendritic cells, the “functionally exhausted” status might be attributed to the high expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) or programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). PD-L1 is expressed on both M1 and M2 macrophages. Macrophage reprogramming from M2 to M1 might increase the expression of PD-L1, which can be transcriptionally activated by STAT3. Macrophage reprogramming or PD-L1/PD-1 blockade alone is less effective in the treatment of most cancers. Since PD-L1/PD-1 blockade could make up for the defect in macrophage reprogramming, the combination of macrophage reprogramming and PD-L1/PD-1 blockade might be a novel treatment strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cai
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyang Gu
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Quintarelli C, Camera A, Ciccone R, Alessi I, Del Bufalo F, Carai A, Del Baldo G, Mastronuzzi A, De Angelis B. Innovative and Promising Strategies to Enhance Effectiveness of Immunotherapy for CNS Tumors: Where Are We? Front Immunol 2021; 12:634031. [PMID: 34163465 PMCID: PMC8216238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.634031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there are several immunotherapy approaches for the treatment of Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors under evaluation, currently none of these approaches have received approval from the regulatory agencies. CNS tumors, especially glioblastomas, are tumors characterized by highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, limiting the possibility of effectively eliciting an immune response. Moreover, the peculiar anatomic location of these tumors poses relevant challenges in terms of safety, since uncontrolled hyper inflammation could lead to cerebral edema and cranial hypertension. The most promising strategies of immunotherapy in neuro-oncology consist of the use of autologous T cells redirected against tumor cells through chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) constructs or genetically modified T-cell receptors. Trials based on native or genetically engineered oncolytic viruses and on vaccination with tumor-associated antigen peptides are also under evaluation. Despite some sporadic complete remissions achieved in clinical trials, the outcome of patients with CNS tumors treated with different immunotherapeutic approaches remains poor. Based on the lessons learned from these unsatisfactory experiences, novel immune-therapy approaches aimed at overcoming the profound immunosuppressive microenvironment of these diseases are bringing new hope to reach the cure for CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Quintarelli
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Camera
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roselia Ciccone
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Iside Alessi
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Del Bufalo
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Carai
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Del Baldo
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Preclinical ImmunoPET Imaging of Glioblastoma-Infiltrating Myeloid Cells Using Zirconium-89 Labeled Anti-CD11b Antibody. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:685-694. [PMID: 31529407 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma is a lethal brain tumor, heavily infiltrated by tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs). TAMCs are emerging as a promising therapeutic target as they suppress anti-tumor immune responses and promote tumor cell growth. Quantifying TAMCs using non-invasive immunoPET could facilitate patient stratification for TAMC-targeted treatments and monitoring of treatment efficacy. As TAMCs uniformly express the cell surface marker, integrin CD11b, we evaluated a Zr-89 labeled anti-CD11b antibody for non-invasive imaging of TAMCs in a syngeneic orthotopic mouse glioma model. PROCEDURES A human/mouse cross-reactive anti-CD11b antibody (clone M1/70) was conjugated to a DFO chelator and radiolabeled with Zr-89. PET/CT and biodistribution with or without a blocking dose of anti-CD11b Ab were performed 72 h post-injection (p.i.) of [89Zr]anti-CD11b Ab in mice bearing established orthotopic syngeneic GL261 gliomas and in non tumor-bearing mice. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry of dissected GL261 tumors were conducted to confirm the presence of CD11b+ TAMCs. RESULTS Significant uptake of [89Zr]anti-CD11b Ab was detected at the tumor site (SUVmean = 2.60 ± 0.24) compared with the contralateral hemisphere (SUVmean = 0.6 ± 0.11). Blocking with a 10-fold lower specific activity of [89Zr]anti-CD11b Ab markedly reduced the SUV in the right brain (SUVmean = 0.11 ± 0.06), demonstrating specificity. Spleen and lymph nodes (myeloid cell rich organs) also showed high uptake of the tracer, and biodistribution analysis correlated with the imaging results. CD11b expression within the tumor was validated using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, which showed high CD11b expression primarily in the tumoral hemisphere compared with the contralateral hemisphere with very minimal accumulation in non tumor-bearing brain. CONCLUSION These data establish that [89Zr]anti-CD11b Ab immunoPET targets CD11b+ cells (TAMCs) with high specificity in a mouse model of GBM, demonstrating the potential for non-invasive quantification of tumor-infiltrating CD11b+ immune cells during disease progression and immunotherapy in patients with GBM.
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Simonds EF, Lu ED, Badillo O, Karimi S, Liu EV, Tamaki W, Rancan C, Downey KM, Stultz J, Sinha M, McHenry LK, Nasholm NM, Chuntova P, Sundström A, Genoud V, Shahani SA, Wang LD, Brown CE, Walker PR, Swartling FJ, Fong L, Okada H, Weiss WA, Hellström M. Deep immune profiling reveals targetable mechanisms of immune evasion in immune checkpoint inhibitor-refractory glioblastoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002181. [PMID: 34083417 PMCID: PMC8183210 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. We sought to determine to what extent this immune evasion is due to intrinsic properties of the tumor cells versus the specialized immune context of the brain, and if it can be reversed. METHODS We used CyTOF mass cytometry to compare the tumor immune microenvironments (TIME) of human tumors that are generally ICI-refractory (GBM and sarcoma) or ICI-responsive (renal cell carcinoma), as well as mouse models of GBM that are ICI-responsive (GL261) or ICI-refractory (SB28). We further compared SB28 tumors grown intracerebrally versus subcutaneously to determine how tumor site affects TIME and responsiveness to dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade. Informed by these data, we explored rational immunotherapeutic combinations. RESULTS ICI-sensitivity in human and mouse tumors was associated with increased T cells and dendritic cells (DCs), and fewer myeloid cells, in particular PD-L1+ tumor-associated macrophages. The SB28 mouse model of GBM responded to ICI when grown subcutaneously but not intracerebrally, providing a system to explore mechanisms underlying ICI resistance in GBM. The response to ICI in the subcutaneous SB28 model required CD4 T cells and NK cells, but not CD8 T cells. Recombinant FLT3L expanded DCs, improved antigen-specific T cell priming, and prolonged survival of mice with intracerebral SB28 tumors, but at the cost of increased Tregs. Targeting PD-L1 also prolonged survival, especially when combined with stereotactic radiation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that a major obstacle for effective immunotherapy of GBM is poor antigen presentation in the brain, rather than intrinsic immunosuppressive properties of GBM tumor cells. Deep immune profiling identified DCs and PD-L1+ tumor-associated macrophages as promising targetable cell populations, which was confirmed using therapeutic interventions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin F Simonds
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Edbert D Lu
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Oscar Badillo
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shokoufeh Karimi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eric V Liu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Whitney Tamaki
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chiara Rancan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kira M Downey
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jacob Stultz
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Meenal Sinha
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lauren K McHenry
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nicole M Nasholm
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Pavlina Chuntova
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anders Sundström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vassilis Genoud
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shilpa A Shahani
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Leo D Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Christine E Brown
- Departments of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte CA, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Paul R Walker
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fredrik J Swartling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lawrence Fong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hideho Okada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William A Weiss
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, California, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Neurological Surgery, and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mats Hellström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Immune System-Related Changes in Preclinical GL261 Glioblastoma under TMZ Treatment: Explaining MRSI-Based Nosological Imaging Findings with RT-PCR Analyses. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112663. [PMID: 34071393 PMCID: PMC8199490 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GB) are brain tumours with poor prognosis even after aggressive therapy. Previous work suggests that magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) could act as a biomarker of efficient immune system attack onto GB, presenting oscillatory changes. Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) constitute the most abundant non-tumour cell type within the GB and can be polarised into anti-tumour (M1) or pro-tumour (M2) phenotypes. One of the mechanisms to mediate immunosuppression in brain tumours is the interaction between programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed cell death-1 receptor (PD-1). We evaluated the subpopulations of GAMs in responding and control GB tumours to correlate PD-L1 expression to GAM polarisation in order to explain/validate MRSI-detected findings. Mice were evaluated by MRI/MRSI to assess the extent of response to treatment and with qPCR for GAMs M1 and M2 polarisation analyses. M1/M2 ratios and PD-L1 expression were higher in treated compared to control tumours. Furthermore, PD-L1 expression was positively correlated with the M1/M2 ratio. The oscillatory change in the GAMs prevailing population could be one of the key causes for the differential MRSI-detected pattern, allowing this to act as immune system activity biomarker in future work.
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50
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Przystal JM, Becker H, Canjuga D, Tsiami F, Anderle N, Keller AL, Pohl A, Ries CH, Schmittnaegel M, Korinetska N, Koch M, Schittenhelm J, Tatagiba M, Schmees C, Beck SC, Tabatabai G. Targeting CSF1R Alone or in Combination with PD1 in Experimental Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102400. [PMID: 34063518 PMCID: PMC8156558 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system. Targeting the immunosuppressive glioblastoma-associated microenvironment is an interesting therapeutic approach. Tumor-associated macrophages represent an abundant population of tumor-infiltrating host cells with tumor-promoting features. The colony stimulating factor-1/ colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1/CSF1R) axis plays an important role for macrophage differentiation and survival. We thus aimed at investigating the antiglioma activity of CSF1R inhibition alone or in combination with blockade of programmed death (PD) 1. We investigated combination treatments of anti-CSF1R alone or in combination with anti-PD1 antibodies in an orthotopic syngeneic glioma mouse model, evaluated post-treatment effects and assessed treatment-induced cytotoxicity in a coculture model of patient-derived microtumors (PDM) and autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ex vivo. Anti-CSF1R monotherapy increased the latency until the onset of neurological symptoms. Combinations of anti-CSF1R and anti-PD1 antibodies led to longterm survivors in vivo. Furthermore, we observed treatment-induced cytotoxicity of combined anti-CSF1R and anti-PD1 treatment in the PDM/TILs cocultures ex vivo. Our results identify CSF1R as a promising therapeutic target for glioblastoma, potentially in combination with PD1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M. Przystal
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
- German Translational Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Hannes Becker
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
- German Translational Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Denis Canjuga
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Foteini Tsiami
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
- German Translational Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Nicole Anderle
- NMI, Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (N.A.); (A.-L.K.); (A.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Anna-Lena Keller
- NMI, Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (N.A.); (A.-L.K.); (A.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Anja Pohl
- NMI, Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (N.A.); (A.-L.K.); (A.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Carola H. Ries
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, 82377 Penzberg, Germany; (C.H.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Martina Schmittnaegel
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Oncology Division, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, 82377 Penzberg, Germany; (C.H.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Nataliya Korinetska
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Marilin Koch
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- German Translational Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcos Tatagiba
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schmees
- NMI, Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (N.A.); (A.-L.K.); (A.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Susanne C. Beck
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
- German Translational Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- Department of Neurology & Interdisciplinary Neuro-Oncology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.M.P.); (H.B.); (D.C.); (F.T.); (N.K.); (M.K.); (M.T.); (S.C.B.)
- German Translational Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)7071-298-5018; Fax: +49-(0)7071-292-5167
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