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Azer G, Gibbs MT, Jones MD, Morrison NMV, Azer A, Marshall PW. How and why do people with chronic low back pain modify their physical activity? A mixed-methods survey. Musculoskeletal Care 2024; 22:e1885. [PMID: 38682684 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the impact of Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) on individuals' physical activity (PA) behaviours, specifically, how they modify, cease, or continue PA when experiencing CLBP. The primary aim was to explore the relationship between CLBP and PA and how this is influenced in different contexts (e.g., necessity of a task). METHODS A mixed-methods survey was administered to 220 participants, including self-reported outcomes, and capturing responses to three distinct questions related to PA and CLBP. The data was analysed via a content analysis. RESULTS The findings revealed that individuals with CLBP are most likely to modify PA in work-related contexts and least likely to cease it in the same setting. Housework emerged as the most common domain for cessation of PA, while work/study activities were predominantly continued. Reasons for these trends were typically task-based rather than health or enjoyment based and influenced by the perceived necessity of the task in question. CONCLUSION The study highlights the role of occupational and educational settings in individual responses to CLBP. The findings also highlight a gap in public awareness regarding effective CLBP management strategies, emphasising the need for increased education and awareness programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Azer
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mitchell T Gibbs
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Health Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew D Jones
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Health Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Pain IMPACT, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natalie M V Morrison
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony Azer
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul W Marshall
- Faculty of Science, Department of Exercise Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Health Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Hur JD, Lee J. Pay-for-performance and low back pain with interaction of overwork: findings from the cross-sectional Korean working conditions survey. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1364859. [PMID: 38832228 PMCID: PMC11144914 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1364859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pay-for-performance (PFP) is a type of incentive system where employees receive monetary rewards for meeting predefined standards. While previous research has investigated the relationship between PFP and health outcomes, the focus has primarily been on mental health. Few studies have explored the impact of PFP on specific physical symptoms like pain. Methods Data from the Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS) was analyzed, encompassing 20,815 subjects with information on PFP and low back pain (LBP). The associations between types of base pay (BP) and PFP with LBP were examined using multivariate logistic regression models, taking into account a directed acyclic graph (DAG). The interaction of overtime work was further explored using stratified logistic regression models and the relative excess risk for interaction. Results The odds ratio (OR) for individuals receiving both BP and PFP was statistically significant at 1.19 (95% CI 1.04-1.35) compared to those with BP only. However, when the DAG approach was applied and necessary correction variables were adjusted, the statistical significance indicating a relationship between PFP and LBP vanished. In scenarios without PFP and with overtime work, the OR related to LBP was significant at 1.54 (95% CI 1.35-1.75). With the presence of PFP, the OR increased to 2.02 (95% CI 1.66-2.45). Conclusion Pay-for-performance may influence not just psychological symptoms but also LBP in workers, particularly in conjunction with overtime work. The impact of management practices related to overtime work on health outcomes warrants further emphasis in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia D. Hur
- Department of Management and Organizations, New York University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Management and Organizations, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jongin Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Oertel J, Sharif S, Zygourakis C, Sippl C. Acute low back pain: Epidemiology, etiology, and prevention: WFNS spine committee recommendations. World Neurosurg X 2024; 22:100313. [PMID: 38510335 PMCID: PMC10951075 DOI: 10.1016/j.wnsx.2024.100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Acute low back pain is a highly prevalent condition that poses significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. In this manuscript, we present the most current, evidence-based guidelines from the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) Spine Committee on the epidemiology, etiology, and prevention of acute low back pain (LBP) lasting ≤ 4 weeks. Methods We performed a literature review 2012-2022 using the PubMed, Medline, and CENTRAL databases with the keywords "acute low back pain", "acute back pain", "low back pain", "epidemiology", "etiology", "costs", "risk factor", "cultural", "developed", "developing" and "prevention". Systematic screening criteria were applied, resulting in 13 final articles on epidemiology and etiology of LBP, 2 manuscripts on costs, 5 articles on risk factors, and 23 articles on prevention strategies for acute LBP. These were presented at two separate international meetings, where members of the WFNS Spine Committee voted on five final consensus statements presented here. Results and Conclusions: There is a high incidence and prevalence of acute LBP, particularly in high-income countries, which is felt to be at least partially due to demographic shifts with an aging population and lifestyle changes including higher rates of obesity and physical inactivity. Acute LBP has a significant impact on quality of life and ability to work, resulting in high direct and indirect costs worldwide. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of acute LBP is recommended to prevent this pain from turning into chronic LBP. The WFNS Spine Committee's recommendations respresent the latest guidelies to help improve patient care for acute LBP worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Oertel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Centre, Kirrbergerstrasse 100, Gebaeude 90.5, 66421 Homburg Saar, Germany
| | - Salman Sharif
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaqat National Hospital and Medical School, Stadium Road, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Corinna Zygourakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Christoph Sippl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University Medical Centre, Kirrbergerstrasse 100, Gebaeude 90.5, 66421 Homburg Saar, Germany
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Igwesi-Chidobe CN, Sorinola IO, Ozumba BC, Godfrey EL. Challenges of Measuring Self-Reported Exposure to Occupational Biomechanical Risk Factors Amongst People with Low Literacy Engaged in Manual Labour: Findings from a Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Investigation in an African Population with Chronic Low Back Pain. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024:10.1007/s10926-024-10171-5. [PMID: 38379049 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-024-10171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Occupational biomechanical factors are implicated in the aetiology and progression of low back pain (LBP). This study cross-culturally adapted and psychometrically investigated the Occupational Risk Factor Questionnaire (ORFQ) in a low literate Nigerian Igbo population with chronic LBP. METHODS Forward and back translation of the original ORFQ by clinical and non-clinical translators was followed by an expert committee review. The adapted ORFQ was pre-tested amongst rural Nigerian adults with chronic LBP using cognitive think-aloud interviewing. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability (unweighted and linear weighted k statistic for item-by-item agreement, and intra-class correlation coefficient-ICC) were investigated amongst 50 rural and urban Nigerian dwellers with chronic LBP. Spearman's correlation and regression analyses were conducted with the Igbo-ORFQ, and measures of disability [World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Back performance scale (BPS)], pain intensity [Eleven-point box scale (BS-11)] and social support [Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)], to test construct validity with 200 rural Nigerian dwellers with chronic LBP. RESULTS Cross-cultural adaptation highlighted difficulty conceptualising and concretising exposure to biomechanical risk factors. Item-by-item agreement, internal consistency (α = 0.84) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.83) were good. Some unexpected direction of associations between the biomechanical components of the Igbo-ORFQ, and disability, pain intensity, and social support prohibits establishment of construct validity. CONCLUSION Prospective studies comparing the Igbo-ORFQ to other measures of exposure to occupational biomechanical risk factors are required to establish the construct validity of the Igbo-ORFQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinonso Nwamaka Igwesi-Chidobe
- School of Allied Health Professions and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
- Global Population Health (GPH) Research Group, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
| | | | - Benjamin Chukwuma Ozumba
- Global Population Health (GPH) Research Group, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria (Enugu Campus), Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Emma Louise Godfrey
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Varrecchia T, Ranavolo A, Chini G, De Nunzio AM, Draicchio F, Martinez-Valdes E, Falla D, Conforto S. High-density surface electromyography allows to identify risk conditions and people with and without low back pain during fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting activities. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2023; 73:102839. [PMID: 37948840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of disability in the workplace, often caused by manually lifting of heavy loads. Instrumental-based assessment tools are used to quantitatively assess the biomechanical risk of lifting activities. This study aims to verify that, during the execution of fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting, high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) allows the discrimination of healthy controls (HC) versus people with LBP and biomechanical risk levels. Fifteen HC and eight people with LBP performed three lifting tasks with a progressively increasing lifting index, each lasting 15 min. Erector spinae (ES) activity was recorded using HDsEMG and amplitude parameters were calculated to characterize the spatial distribution of muscle activity. LBP group showed a less ES activity than HC (lower root mean square across the grid and of the activation region) and an involvement of the same muscular area across the task (lower coefficient of variation of the center of gravity of muscle activity). The results indicate the usefulness of HDsEMG parameters to classify risk levels for both HC and LBP groups and to determine differences between them. The findings suggest that the use of HDsEMG could expand the capabilities of existing instrumental-based tools for biomechanical risk classification during lifting activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiwana Varrecchia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alberto Ranavolo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Chini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Marco De Nunzio
- LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, 50, Avenue du Parc des Sports, Differdange 4671, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Health & Sport Sciences Research Institute A.s.b.l., 50, Avenue du Parc des Sports, Differdange 4671, Luxembourg.
| | - Francesco Draicchio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy.
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B152TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B152TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Silvia Conforto
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, Roma, Lazio, Italy.
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Brusco NK, Graven C, Boyd L, Kugler H, Dawes H, Rawson H, Clayton L, Tan S, Goodwin VA, Hall AJ, Taylor NF. Feasibility of implementing an innovative manual handling risk assessment training program for staff working in long-term care. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:53. [PMID: 37046289 PMCID: PMC10092908 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Risk Assessment for moving Individuals SafEly (RAISE) program is a hospital-based manual handling nursing training program. RAISE involves upskilling on continual risk assessment during patient-assisted movements. RAISE aims to optimise staff and patient safety while providing the patient with movement and rehabilitation opportunities. Implementation of RAISE in the hospital setting has been established. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of implementing RAISE in the long-term care setting. METHODS We examined three feasibility domains: acceptability, practicality, and limited efficacy (observed nursing behaviour change which has the potential to reduce nursing injuries), using a prospective pilot pre-post design in the long-term care setting. Staff completed a 4-hour training session on RAISE delivered by two physiotherapists, followed by 8 h of supported behaviour change in the workplace. Staff acceptability and practicality of incorporating risk assessment strategies into manual handling approaches were explored through pre- and post-training staff surveys and a semi-structured interview. Resident acceptability of manual handling practices was explored via survey data collected after the RAISE training. Pre to post-training changes in staff knowledge and behaviour were examined through the pre- and post-training staff survey, and observation of staff assisting resident movement. RESULTS Two enrolled nurses and five residents participated. Staff reported the RAISE program was acceptable and practical to implement in the long-term care setting. There were no adverse events or safety concerns. Staff reported the RAISE program provided guidance and enhanced staff empowerment to make decisions during assisted resident movement. There were 26 observed resident-staff manual handling interactions recorded, with 13 pre-training and 13 post-training. Post-training, RAISE skills had improved and were completed 100% of the time, except for completing a physical risk assessment which improved from 46 to 85%, demonstrating limited efficacy. Residents reported it's important for staff to be trained on how to assist them to mobilise and they found the concept of the RAISE program acceptable. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study supports the feasibility of long-term care facilities participating in future studies testing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Risk Assessment for moving Individuals SafEly (RAISE) patient and resident manual handling program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K Brusco
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Christine Graven
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Helen Kugler
- School of Allied Health Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
- Clinical Education and Research Institute, Cabrini Health, Malvern, Australia
| | - Helen Dawes
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Helen Rawson
- Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Abi J Hall
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nicholas F Taylor
- Eastern Health, Box Hill, Australia
- School of Allied Health Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
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Ampiah JA, Moffatt F, Diver C, Ampiah PK. Understanding how patients' pain beliefs influence chronic low back pain management in Ghana: a grounded theory approach. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061062. [PMID: 36581439 PMCID: PMC9806037 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is associated with negative consequences in high and low/middle-income countries. Pain beliefs are important psychosocial factors that affect the occurrence and progression of CLBP and may be influenced by the sociocultural context and interactions with healthcare professionals (HCPs). The pain beliefs of Ghanaian patients with CLBP are unknown and the factors influencing pain beliefs in African contexts are unclear. OBJECTIVES To explore the pain beliefs of Ghanaian patients with CLBP, how they influence CLBP management/coping and to identify the mechanisms influencing them. DESIGN Qualitative study using individual semistructured face-to-face interviews, situated within Straussian grounded theory principles and critical realist philosophy. PARTICIPANTS Thirty patients with CLBP accessing physiotherapy at two teaching hospitals in Ghana. RESULTS Participants suggested dominant biomedical/mechanical beliefs (related to CLBP causes, posture and activity, and the belief of an endpoint/cure for CLBP). Maladaptive beliefs and practices, in particular fear-avoidance beliefs, and dependence on passive management and coping, were common among participants. These beliefs and practices were mostly influenced by HCPs and sociocultural expectations/norms. Although spirituality, pacing activity and prescribed exercises were commonly mentioned by participants, other active strategies and positive beliefs were expressed by a few participants and influenced by patients' themselves. Limited physiotherapy involvement, knowledge and awareness were also reported by participants, and this appeared to be influenced by the limited physiotherapy visibility in Ghana. CONCLUSION Participants' narratives suggested the dominant influence of HCPs and the sociocultural environment on their biomedical/mechanical beliefs. These facilitated maladaptive beliefs and adoption of passive coping and management practices. Therefore, incorporation of more positive beliefs and holistic/active strategies by Ghanaian patients and HCPs may be beneficial. Furthermore, patient empowerment and health literacy opportunities to address unhelpful CLBP/sociocultural beliefs and equip patients with management options for CLBP could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Ahenkorah Ampiah
- Division of Physiotherapy, Sports Rehabilitation and Chiropractic, London South Bank University Faculty of Health and Social Care, London, UK
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Fiona Moffatt
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Claire Diver
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
| | - Paapa Kwesi Ampiah
- Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
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Honkanen T, Vaara JP, Pihlajamäki H, Västilä V, Kyröläinen H. Association between spinal disorders and different domains of physical activity among young adult men. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:895008. [PMID: 36157900 PMCID: PMC9493002 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.895008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThere is limited evidence of how physical activity (PA) associates with low back pain (LBP) and neck pain (NP). Particularly, the association between occupational or commuting PA and LBP/NP is unclear. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between spinal disorders and different physical activity domains in young and healthy adult men.MethodsSelf-reported leisure time, occupational and commuting PA, as well as LBP and NP, were studied using questionnaires among young Finnish males (n = 1,630). Logistic regression analysis was used to study the associations of PA domains, physical fitness, and spinal disorders. Regression models were adjusted for age, education, smoking, waist circumference, and the other PA domains.ResultsThere was a positive association between moderate leisure-time PA and both LBP (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.18–1.95) and NP (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.00–1.66) compared to low PA. Furthermore, moderate (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.00–1.71) and high (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.15–2.02) leisure time PA groups had a higher likelihood of lumbago. Moderate (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.51–0.90) and high (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48–0.95) occupational PA groups had lower likelihood for radiating LBP, while high occupational PA (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52–0.99) had lower likelihood for lumbago.ConclusionsThe associations between physical activity and LBP or NP seem to vary between different domains of physical activity among young healthy men. Commuting and occupation-related PA appear not to be harmfully associated with LPB or NP, whereas moderate-level leisure time PA may be associated with increased LBP and NP, and the respective high level may be associated with an increase in the prevalence of lumbago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Honkanen
- Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Tuomas Honkanen
| | - Jani P. Vaara
- The Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Pihlajamäki
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Ville Västilä
- The Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- The Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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D’Anna C, Varrecchia T, Ranavolo A, De Nunzio AM, Falla D, Draicchio F, Conforto S. Centre of pressure parameters for the assessment of biomechanical risk in fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting activities. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266731. [PMID: 35947818 PMCID: PMC9365398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifting tasks, among manual material handling activities, are those mainly associated with low back pain. In recent years, several instrumental-based tools were developed to quantitatively assess the biomechanical risk during lifting activities. In this study, parameters related to balance and extracted from the Centre of Pressure (CoP) data series are studied in fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting activities to: i) explore the possibility of classifying people with LBP and asymptomatic people during the execution of task; ii) examine the assessment of the risk levels associated with repetitive lifting activities, iii) enhance current understanding of postural control strategies during lifting tasks. Data were recorded from 14 asymptomatic participants and 7 participants with low back pain. The participants performed lifting tasks in three different lifting conditions (with increasing lifting frequency and risk levels) and kinetic and surface electromyography (sEMG) data were acquired. Kinetic data were used to calculated the CoP and parameters extracted from the latter show a discriminant capacity for the groups and the risk levels. Furthermore, sEMG parameters show a trend compatible with myoelectric manifestations of muscular fatigue. Correlation results between sEMG and CoP velocity parameters revealed a positive correlation between amplitude sEMG parameters and CoP velocity in both groups and a negative correlation between frequency sEMG parameters and CoP velocity. The current findings suggest that it is possible to quantitatively assess the risk level when monitoring fatiguing lifting tasks by using CoP parameters as well as identify different motor strategies between people with and without LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen D’Anna
- Department of Engineering, Roma Tre University, Roma, Lazio, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Tiwana Varrecchia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ranavolo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marco De Nunzio
- LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, Differdange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Health & Sport Sciences Research Institute A.s.b.l., Differdange, Luxembourg
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Draicchio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Conforto
- Department of Engineering, Roma Tre University, Roma, Lazio, Italy
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Patterson T, Beckenkamp P, Ferreira M, Bauman A, Carvalho-E-Silva AP, Ferreira LC, Ferreira P. The impact of different intensities and domains of physical activity on analgesic use and activity limitation in people with low back pain: a prospective cohort study with a one-year follow-up. Eur J Pain 2022; 26:1636-1649. [PMID: 35642334 PMCID: PMC9544541 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analgesics are the most common form of managing low back pain (LBP). No previous study has examined which domains and intensities of physical activity are most beneficial in reducing the frequency of analgesic use for LBP, and its related activity limitation. METHODS This cohort study forms part of the AUstralian Twin low BACK pain study, investigating the impact of physical activity on LBP. Information on demographics, LBP and health-related factors, including physical activity were collected at baseline. Data on the total counts of analgesic use and activity limitation for LBP were collected weekly for one-year. Negative binomial regression models were conducted separately for each type of physical activity. Results were presented as Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). RESULTS From an initial sample of 366 participants, 86 participants reported counts of analgesic use and 140 recorded counts of activity limitation across the follow up period. The negative binomial regression models for analgesic use counts indicated moderate-vigorous physical activity (IRR 0·97, 95% C.I 0·96-0·99) and physical workload (IRR 1·02, 95% C.I 1·01-1·05) to be significant. For activity limitation counts, significant associations were shown for sedentary time (IRR 1·04, 95% C.I 1·01-1·09) and leisure activity (IRR 0·94, 95% C.I 0·81-0·99). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the potential importance of supporting engagement in moderate-vigorous and leisure physical activity, as well as minimising sedentary time and physical workload to reduce the risk of activity limitation and the need for analgesic use in people with LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Patterson
- The University of Sydney, Discipline of Physiotherapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Walking Building D18 Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Paula Beckenkamp
- The University of Sydney, Discipline of Physiotherapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Walking Building D18 Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Manuela Ferreira
- The University of Sydney, Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, School of Health Sciences, The Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Building, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- The University of Sydney, Public Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Edward Ford Building A27 Fisher Rd, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ana Paula Carvalho-E-Silva
- The University of Sydney, Public Health, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Edward Ford Building A27 Fisher Rd, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Lucas Calais Ferreira
- The University of Melbourne, Twins Research Australia Unit, School of Population and Global Health, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Paulo Ferreira
- The University of Sydney, Discipline of Physiotherapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Susan Walking Building D18 Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Manderlier A, de Fooz M, Patris S, Berquin A. Modifiable lifestyle-related prognostic factors for the onset of chronic spinal pain: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2022; 65:101660. [PMID: 35351652 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2022.101660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stratified approaches to spinal pain that address psychosocial risk factors reduce long-term disability to a moderate extent. Identifying and managing other risk factors might help improve outcomes. OBJECTIVE This systematic review of longitudinal studies aimed to evaluate possible associations between the onset of chronic spinal pain (including low back, back and neck pain) and putative modifiable lifestyle-related risk or protective factors. METHODS This systematic review of longitudinal studies published during the last 2 decades followed PRISMA guidelines. Two reviewers screened Medline, Scopus, Pedro, Cochrane Library, Psycinfo, Science Direct, PTSDpubs and Google Scholar for relevant studies. The QUIPS tool was used to assess the risk of bias. A qualitative meta-synthesis of relevant factors was performed. RESULTS Of 3716 unique records, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria (10 with low risk of bias and 4 moderate risk of bias). The highest bias observed was attrition. For chronic low back pain, we found moderate evidence for the involvement of high body weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference and conflicting evidence for high body mass index (BMI), smoking, and physical activity. For chronic neck pain, we found strong evidence for high BMI in women, moderate evidence for sleep disorders in women and conflicting evidence for high BMI in men and physical activity. For chronic back pain, we found limited evidence for gardening/yard work in men and more than one adult at home. Effect sizes were small. CONCLUSIONS Several modifiable lifestyle-related factors were identified. Evidence is still sparse and there is a need for more studies. PROSPERO database registration: Ref 172,112 CRD42020172112.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Manderlier
- Saint-Luc University Hospital, Av. Hippocrate 10/1650, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maxime de Fooz
- Saint-Luc University Hospital, Av. Hippocrate 10/1650, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Patris
- Psychology, Education and Motor Sciences Library, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10/L3.05.01, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Anne Berquin
- Saint-Luc University Hospital, Av. Hippocrate 10/1650, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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12
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Freire APCF, de Oliveira CBS, Christofaro DGD, Shumate S, Marques LBF, Pinto RZ. ISOTEMPORAL SUBSTITUTION OF SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR BY DIFFERENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INTENSITIES ON PAIN AND DISABILITY OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 103:1944-1950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Davis J, Newton C, Singh G, Nolan D, O’Sullivan K. ‘Keep moving, but carefully’: back pain beliefs among NHS staff. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2022.2047781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Davis
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher Newton
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - David Nolan
- Graves Move More Centre, PhysioWorks, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kieran O’Sullivan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Ageing Research Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Varrecchia T, Conforto S, De Nunzio AM, Draicchio F, Falla D, Ranavolo A. Trunk Muscle Coactivation in People with and without Low Back Pain during Fatiguing Frequency-Dependent Lifting Activities. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22041417. [PMID: 35214319 PMCID: PMC8874369 DOI: 10.3390/s22041417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Lifting tasks are manual material-handling activities and are commonly associated with work-related low back disorders. Instrument-based assessment tools are used to quantitatively assess the biomechanical risk associated with lifting activities. This study aims at highlighting different motor strategies in people with and without low back pain (LBP) during fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting tasks by using parameters of muscle coactivation. A total of 15 healthy controls (HC) and eight people with LBP performed three lifting tasks with a progressively increasing lifting index (LI), each lasting 15 min. Bilaterally erector spinae longissimus (ESL) activity and rectus abdominis superior (RAS) were recorded using bipolar surface electromyography systems (sEMG), and the time-varying multi-muscle coactivation function (TMCf) was computed. The TMCf can significantly discriminate each pair of LI and it is higher in LBP than HC. Collectively, our findings suggest that it is possible to identify different motor strategies between people with and without LBP. The main finding shows that LBP, to counteract pain, coactivates the trunk muscles more than HC, thereby adopting a strategy that is stiffer and more fatiguing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiwana Varrecchia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, 00078 Rome, Italy; (T.V.); (F.D.); (A.R.)
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Conforto
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandro Marco De Nunzio
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, 4671 Luxembourg, Luxembourg;
- Luxembourg Health & Sport Sciences Research Institute A.s.b.l., 4671 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Francesco Draicchio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, 00078 Rome, Italy; (T.V.); (F.D.); (A.R.)
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Alberto Ranavolo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, 00078 Rome, Italy; (T.V.); (F.D.); (A.R.)
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15
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Wolf J, França EB, Assunção AÁ. The burden of low back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout and their respective attributable risk factors in Brazil: results of the GBD 2017 study. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e0285. [PMID: 35107535 PMCID: PMC9009435 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0285-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are a major cause of disability worldwide. Different modifiable risk factors are associated to these disorders. The objective of this study was to analyze the burden of low back pain (LBP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), and gout, attributable to risk factors, in 2017. METHODS The burden of LBP, RA, OA, and gout, and attributable risk factors were analyzed using data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Brasil-2017 study. Descriptive analysis was conducted to compare disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates between sexes and age groups (15-49 and 50-69 years), in 2017. RESULTS The highest rates of DALY due to LBP were attributed to occupational ergonomic factors in the 15-49-year group, regardless of sex and males aged 50-69 years, whereas smoking was the major contributor in the 50-69-year female group. RA-related DALY rates were attributed to smoking and were higher among women aged 50-69 years. High body mass index (BMI) was the most relevant risk factor for the burden of OA, with higher rates detected in the 50-69-year group, and it was the most significant risk factor for DALY rate attributed to gout, regardless of sex or age group. CONCLUSIONS Occupational surveillance measures are indicated to prevent LBP. Actions to decrease smoking and overweight, and the surveillance of weight gain are warranted to decrease the burden of LBP, RA and OA, and gout, respectively. These actions will be more effective if age and sex differentials are considered in planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Wolf
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Núcleo de Estudos Saúde e Trabalho, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Elisabeth Barboza França
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Ada Ávila Assunção
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Núcleo de Estudos Saúde e Trabalho, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Therapeutic and Preventive Efficacy of an Intervention on Workers in a Back School. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19021000. [PMID: 35055822 PMCID: PMC8775863 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19021000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Back pain and its ailments are the main cause of absenteeism and sick leave. Furthermore, the cause of pain and disability in a large number of workers is unknown, and treatments are not effective in controlling it. For this reason, the Back Schools (BSs) provide theoretical and practical training to workers so that they can acquire knowledge and skills that will allow them to adequately manage their back problems, enabling them to recover their autonomy and prevent relapses. The aim of the study is to analyse the efficacy of a BS by means of the evaluation of pain and disability scales in workers in different sectors and in construction. The most important clinical benefits obtained after the intervention of a BS are the reduction of pain and disability. Statistically significant and clinically relevant results have been observed between the initial assessment and the 6-month review. BS has been shown to be effective in reducing low back and neck pain and disability during the first 6 months of follow-up. Construction workers have pain and disability rates at the overall mean and with improvements between the initial assessment and the 6-month review. Their rates of improvement are clinically more relevant than for the overall population analysed.
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17
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Shirado O, Arai Y, Iguchi T, Imagama S, Kawakami M, Nikaido T, Ogata T, Orita S, Sakai D, Sato K, Takahata M, Takeshita K, Tsuji T. Formulation of Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) clinical practice guideline for the management of low back pain- the revised 2019 edition. J Orthop Sci 2022; 27:3-30. [PMID: 34836746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2021.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The latest clinical guidelines are mandatory for physicians to follow when practicing evidence-based medicine in the treatment of low back pain. Those guidelines should target not only Japanese board-certified orthopaedic surgeons, but also primary physicians, and they should be prepared based entirely on evidence-based medicine. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Low Back Pain guideline committee decided to update the guideline and launched the formulation committee. The purpose of this study was to describe the formulation we implemented for the revision of the guideline with the latest data of evidence-based medicine. METHODS The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Low Back Pain guideline formulation committee revised the previous guideline based on a method for preparing clinical guidelines in Japan proposed by Medical Information Network Distribution Service Handbook for Clinical Practice Guideline Development 2014. Two key phrases, "body of evidence" and "benefit and harm balance" were focused on in the revised version. Background and clinical questions were determined, followed by literature search related to each question. Appropriate articles were selected from all the searched literature. Structured abstracts were prepared, and then meta-analyses were performed. The strength of both the body of evidence and the recommendation was decided by the committee members. RESULTS Nine background and nine clinical qvuestions were determined. For each clinical question, outcomes from the literature were collected and meta-analysis was performed. Answers and explanations were described for each clinical question, and the strength of the recommendation was decided. For background questions, the recommendations were described based on previous literature. CONCLUSIONS The 2019 clinical practice guideline for the management of low back pain was completed according to the latest evidence-based medicine. We strongly hope that this guideline serves as a benchmark for all physicians, as well as patients, in the management of low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Shirado
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Aizu Medical Center (AMEC) at Fukushima Medical University, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyasu Arai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Iguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saiseikai Hyogo Prefectural Hospital, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Nikaido
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Sumihisa Orita
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering (CFME), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kimiaki Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Tsuji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Japan
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18
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Pivotto LR, Azevedo IMD, Rynkowski LO, Candotti CT. LOW BACK AND NECK PAIN IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS. COLUNA/COLUMNA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1808-185120222101252315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the prevalence of low back and neck pain in Physical Education (PE) students at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and the associated behavioral and postural factors. Methods: The study design is observational with descriptive analytics. Healthy PE students of both sexes participated in the study and answered the Back Pain and Body Postural Evaluation Instrument for Adults. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (21.0) using descriptive statistics, calculating the prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The significance level adopted was 0.05. Results: Ninety-two PE students answered the questionnaire, 45 of whom were females (48.9%) and 47 of whom were males (51.1%). The prevalence of low back pain was 76.1% and of neck pain was 58.7%. There was no association with most of the behavioral and postural factors assessed. Conclusions: The prevalence of low back and neck pain in PE students at UFRGS is high and this pain is not associated with the factors investigated. Level of Evidence II: Prospective study of less quality.
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19
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To D, Rezai M, Murnaghan K, Cancelliere C. Risk factors for low back pain in active military personnel: a systematic review. Chiropr Man Therap 2021; 29:52. [PMID: 34969400 PMCID: PMC8719410 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-021-00409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Low back pain (LBP) is prevalent in military personnel. We aimed to systematically review the literature regarding risk factors for first-time LBP during military service among active duty military personnel. Methods We searched six electronic databases (inception-April 2020) for randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, and case–control studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals. Eligible studies were independently critically appraised by paired reviewers and a descriptive synthesis was conducted. Results We screened 1981 records, reviewed 118 full-text articles, and synthesised data from eight acceptable quality cohort studies. Studies assessed physical (n = 4), sociodemographic (n = 2), and/or occupational factors (n = 5) associated with LBP. Two studies reported prior LBP was associated with a greater than twofold increased risk of LBP compared to those without prior LBP. Other factors consistently associated with LBP included previous musculoskeletal injury (n = 2), less time spent on physical training (n = 2), female sex (n = 2), and lower rank (n = 2). Factors associated with LBP from single studies included marital status, lower education level, blast injury, job duties, and service type. We found inconsistent associations for performance on physical fitness tests, age, and occupation type. Psychological risk factors were not assessed in any included studies. Conclusion In active duty personnel, prior history of LBP, previous musculoskeletal injury, less time in physical training, female sex, and lower rank were consistent risk factors for LBP. This information is relevant for researchers, active duty military personnel, and other decision makers. Future studies should explore causal relationships for LBP in this population. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018084549. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12998-021-00409-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne To
- Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Mana Rezai
- Institute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Ontario Tech University and Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kent Murnaghan
- Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carol Cancelliere
- Institute for Disability and Rehabilitation Research, Ontario Tech University and Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Oshawa, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada
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20
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Association between neonatal hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity: a meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr 2021; 180:3433-3442. [PMID: 34114080 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-021-04140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Through a meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate whether neonatal hyperglycemia was associated with an increased risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) by summarizing all available observational evidence. We searched online databases for studies published prior to December 2020; 26745 neonates with 3227 cases of ROP in 11 case-control studies and 997 neonates with 496 cases of hyperglycemia in 5 cohort studies were included. The results showed that the association between hyperglycemia and the occurrence of ROP was statistically significant in case-control studies (OR 3.93, 95% CI 2.36-6.53) and cohort studies (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.11-2.60). Besides, the borderline significant association between the duration of hyperglycemia and ROP was observed in case-control studies (MD = 1.96, 95% CI 0.90-3.03; adjusted OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.15). Furthermore, we found that the mean blood glucose level is higher in the ROP group than the non-ROP group in case-control studies (MD = 14.86, 95% CI 5.06-24.66) and the mean blood glucose level is higher in the hyperglycemia group than in the non-hyperglycemia group (MD = 86.54, 95% CI 11.03-162.05). However, after adjusting other confounders, the association between the mean blood glucose level and ROP varied in cohort studies (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.23-3.13) and case-control studies (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.05).Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrates that preterm infants with hyperglycemia have a tendency to increase the risk of ROP. Further studies will be required to achieve a firm conclusion for hyperglycemia and ROP and promote a better understanding of the prevention of ROP.Trial registration: CRD42021228733 What is Known: • Hyperglycemia including the duration and daily mean blood glucose concentration has been associated with the risk of developing ROP in some clinical studies. Current evidence cannot reach a consensus on whether neonatal hyperglycemia is a risk factor for ROP. What is New: • This meta-analysis demonstrates that preterm infants with hyperglycemia have a tendency to increase the risk of ROP. • While the association between the mean blood glucose level and ROP remains inconclusive.
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Acquah AA, D'Souza C, Martin BJ, Arko-Mensah J, Basu N, Quakyi IA, Robins TG, Fobil JN. Comparison of ergonomic risk factors and work-related musculoskeletal disorders among dismantler and burners of electronic waste in Agbogbloshie, Accra Ghana. PROCEEDINGS OF THE HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY ... ANNUAL MEETING. HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY. ANNUAL MEETING 2021; 65:715-719. [PMID: 35115743 PMCID: PMC8809478 DOI: 10.1177/1071181321651256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rudimentary methods for electronic waste (e-waste) recycling employed in developing countries are a source of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). A summarized comparison of WRMSDs and preliminary exposure assessment among e-waste dismantlers (D) and burners (B) in Agbogbloshie, Ghana is presented. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate WRMSDs and associated risk factors using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire and a newly developed ergonomic assessment tool. Results indicated higher WRMSDs prevalence in the lower back (68% D vs. 52% B; p = 0.172), shoulder (41% D vs. 29% B; p = 0.279) and upper arm (33% D vs 5% B; p = 0.010). Moderate to severe trunk flexion, high force exertion, repetition and vibration were prevalent risk factors among workers and were significantly higher in dismantlers than burners (p ≤ 0.001). Detailed ergonomic studies investigating the relationship between physical exposures and WRMSDs are needed to provide a deeper understanding of WRMSD causation in e-waste workers and more particularly in unstructured, unregulated work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine A Acquah
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Clive D'Souza
- Center for Ergonomics, Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Bernard J Martin
- Center for Ergonomics, Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabella A Quakyi
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Thomas G Robins
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Julius N Fobil
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Varrecchia T, Ranavolo A, Conforto S, De Nunzio AM, Arvanitidis M, Draicchio F, Falla D. Bipolar versus high-density surface electromyography for evaluating risk in fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting activities. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 95:103456. [PMID: 33984582 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Workers often develop low back pain due to manually lifting heavy loads. Instrumental-based assessment tools are used to quantitatively assess the biomechanical risk in lifting activities. This study aims to verify the hypothesis that high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) allows an optimized discrimination of risk levels associated with different fatiguing lifting conditions compared to traditional bipolar sEMG. 15 participants performed three lifting tasks with a progressively increasing lifting index (LI) each lasting 15 min. Erector spinae (ES) activity was recorded using both bipolar and HDsEMG systems. The amplitude of both bipolar and HDsEMG can significantly discriminate each pair of LI. HDsEMG data could discriminate across the different LIs starting from the fourth minute of the task while bipolar sEMG could only do so towards the end. The higher discriminative power of HDsEMG data across the lifting tasks makes such methodology a valuable tool to be used to monitor fatigue while lifting and could extend the possibilities offered by currently available instrumental-based tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiwana Varrecchia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00040, Rome, Italy; Department of Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, Roma, Lazio, Italy.
| | - Alberto Ranavolo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00040, Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Conforto
- Department of Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, Roma, Lazio, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Marco De Nunzio
- LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, 50, Avenue du Parc des Sports, Differdange, 4671, Luxembourg; Luxembourg Health & Sport Sciences Research Institute A.s.b.l., 50, Avenue du Parc des Sports, Differdange, 4671, Luxembourg.
| | - Michail Arvanitidis
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B152TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Francesco Draicchio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL, Monte Porzio Catone, 00040, Rome, Italy.
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B152TT, United Kingdom.
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Hirase T, Okubo Y, Sturnieks DL, Lord SR. Pain Is Associated With Poor Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 21:597-603.e8. [PMID: 32334772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pain is a risk factor for falls in older adults, but the mechanisms are not well understood, limiting our ability to implement effective preventive strategies. The aim of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the literature that has examined the impact of pain on static, dynamic, multicomponent, and reactive balance in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Studies from inception to March 2019 were identified from electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL), contact with the primary authors, and reference lists of included articles. METHODS Cross-sectional and case-control studies that compared objective balance measures between older (minimum age 60 years) adults with and without pain were included. RESULTS Thirty-nine eligible studies (n = 17,626) were identified. All balance modalities (static, dynamic, multicomponent, and reactive) were significantly poorer in participants with pain compared to those without pain. Subgroup analyses revealed that chronic pain (pain persisting ≥3 months) impaired balance more than pain of unspecified duration. The effects of pain at specific sites (neck, lower back, hip, knee, and foot) on balance were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Pain is associated with poor static, dynamic, multicomponent, and reactive balance in community-dwelling older adults. Pain in the neck, lower back, hip, knee, and foot all contribute to poor balance, and this is even more pronounced for chronic pain. Comprehensive balance and pain characteristic assessments may reveal mechanisms underlying the contribution of pain to instability and increased fall risk in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Hirase
- Department of Physical Therapy Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daina L Sturnieks
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen R Lord
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Knechtle D, Schmid S, Suter M, Riner F, Moschini G, Senteler M, Schweinhardt P, Meier ML. Fear-avoidance beliefs are associated with reduced lumbar spine flexion during object lifting in pain-free adults. Pain 2021; 162:1621-1631. [PMID: 33323888 PMCID: PMC8120682 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT There is a long-held belief that physical activities such as lifting with a flexed spine is generally harmful for the back and can cause low back pain (LBP), potentially reinforcing fear-avoidance beliefs underlying pain-related fear. In patients with chronic LBP, pain-related fear has been shown to be associated with reduced lumbar range of motion during lifting, suggesting a protective response to pain. However, despite short-term beneficial effects for tissue health, recent evidence suggests that maintaining a protective trunk movement strategy may also pose a risk for (persistent) LBP due to possible pronociceptive consequences of altered spinal motion, potentially leading to increased loading on lumbar tissues. Yet, it is unknown if similar protective movement strategies already exist in pain-free individuals, which would yield potential insights into the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in motor behavior in the absence of pain. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test whether fear-avoidance beliefs influence spinal motion during lifting in a healthy cohort of pain-free adults without a history of chronic pain. The study subjects (N = 57) filled out several pain-related fear questionnaires and were asked to perform a lifting task (5kg-box). High-resolution spinal kinematics were assessed using an optical motion capturing system. Time-sensitive analyses were performed based on statistical parametric mapping. The results demonstrated time-specific and negative relationships between self-report measures of pain-related fear and lumbar spine flexion angles during lifting, indicating potential unfavorable interactions between psychological factors and spinal motion during lifting in pain-free subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Knechtle
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schmid
- Spinal Movement Biomechanics Group, Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Health Professions, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Suter
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Riner
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Greta Moschini
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Senteler
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Schweinhardt
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael L. Meier
- Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Osinuga A, Hicks C, Ibitoye SE, Schweizer M, Fethke NB, Baker KK. A meta-analysis of the association between physical demands of domestic labor and back pain among women. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2021; 21:150. [PMID: 33849504 PMCID: PMC8045256 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Back pain (BP) is among the most common musculoskeletal problems globally and is a leading contributor to disability among adults. Millions of women especially those in low-income settings, engage in strenuous domestic activities that may increase their risk of BP. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to estimate the association between physically demanding domestic labor (PDDL) which is characterized as intensity, frequency, duration of work and biomechanical risk factors of work and BP among women. Methods Five databases were searched for records published from January 1991 to March 2020; and results from 11studies were included in the meta-analysis. A random effects model and the generic inverse-variance method was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and the degree of heterogeneity among studies (I2). Stratified and sensitivity analyses were conducted to identify the influence of outliers and identify the sources of heterogeneity. Results Exposure to high PDDL was significantly associated with BP (OR = 1.63; 95% CI 1.30, 2.04; I2 = 70%). The odds of back pain were highest among the following groups: women performing domestic labor in non-neutral postures (OR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.75–3.04; I2 = 0%; N = 4 studies) and among women from low- and middle-income countries (OR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.58–2.49; I2 = 29%; N = 5 studies). We found no evidence of publication bias (Egger’s test p-value = 0.15). Conclusions PDDL may significantly increase a woman’s risk of experiencing BP, but larger prospective studies are needed to further investigate the association. Presenting data on how domestic work affects the musculoskeletal health of women will be important in designing future interventions (behavioral, infrastructural, and ergonomic) that can reduce the burdens from domestic labor. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12905-021-01294-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abisola Osinuga
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA.
| | - Chelsea Hicks
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA
| | - Segun E Ibitoye
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200212, Nigeria
| | - Marin Schweizer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA
| | - Nathan B Fethke
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA
| | - Kelly K Baker
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA
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26
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Christe G, Crombez G, Edd S, Opsommer E, Jolles BM, Favre J. Relationship between psychological factors and spinal motor behaviour in low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pain 2021; 162:672-686. [PMID: 33591109 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This meta-analysis investigated whether more negative psychological factors are associated with less spinal amplitude of movement and higher trunk muscle activity in individuals with low back pain. Furthermore, it examined whether pain intensity was a confounding factor in this relationship. We included studies that provided at least 1 correlation coefficient between psychological (pain-related fear, catastrophizing, depression, anxiety, and self-efficacy) and spinal motor behaviour (spinal amplitude and trunk muscle activity) measures. In total, 52 studies (3949 participants) were included. The pooled correlation coefficients (95% confidence interval; number of participants) were -0.13 (-0.18 to -0.09; 2832) for pain-related fear, -0.16 (-0.23 to -0.09; 756) for catastrophizing, -0.08 (-0.13 to -0.03; 1570) for depression, -0.08 (-0.30 to 0.14; 336) for anxiety, and -0.06 (-0.46 to 0.36; 66) for self-efficacy. The results indicated that higher levels of pain-related fear, catastrophizing, and depression are significantly associated with reduced amplitudes of movement and larger muscle activity and were consistent across subgroup and moderation analyses. Pain intensity did not significantly affect the association between these psychological factors and spinal motor behaviour and had a very small independent association with spinal motor behaviour. In conclusion, the very small effect sizes found in the meta-analyses question the role of psychological factors as major causes of spinal movement avoidance in low back pain. Experimental studies with more specific and individualized measures of psychological factors, pain intensity, and spinal motor behaviour are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Christe
- Department of Physiotherapy, HESAV School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss BioMotion Lab, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Shannon Edd
- Swiss BioMotion Lab, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuelle Opsommer
- Department of Physiotherapy, HESAV School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte M Jolles
- Swiss BioMotion Lab, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Microengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Favre
- Swiss BioMotion Lab, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Acquah AA, D'Souza C, Martin BJ, Arko-Mensah J, Botwe PK, Tettey P, Dwomoh D, Nti AA, Kwarteng L, Takyi S, Quakyi IA, Robins TG, Fobil JN. A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL WORK EXPOSURES AMONG ELECTRONIC WASTE WORKERS AT AGBOGBLOSHIE, ACCRA GHANA. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS 2021; 82:103096. [PMID: 33767518 PMCID: PMC7986988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ergon.2021.103096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure associated with unstructured, informal e-waste recycling has received very limited attention. This study aimed to quantify the occupational physical exposures among informal e-waste workers at the largest e-waste site in Africa. A cross-sectional field survey of 163 male e-waste workers was conducted using a self-report occupational physical activity questionnaire, along with direct work observations, and pedometer estimates of walking activity for a subset of workers (n = 42). Results indicated significant differences in self-reported 7-day work exposures among the three main e-waste job categories, namely, collectors (n = 70), dismantlers (n = 73) and burners (n = 20). Prolonged walking, sitting and standing on five or more days in the workweek was frequently reported by collectors (87%), dismantlers (82%) and burners (60%), respectively. Nearly 90% of collectors and burners and 60% of dismantlers reported lifting and carrying on five or more days in the workweek. The exposure combinations identified suggest a risk for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Findings call attention to the need for research examining potential associations between physical exposures and MSDs affecting e-waste workers in Agbogbloshie. The high exposure variability both between and within workers has implications for future exposure assessments conducted in unregulated, informal work settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine A. Acquah
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Clive D'Souza
- Center for Ergonomics, Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bernard J. Martin
- Center for Ergonomics, Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Arko-Mensah
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Paul K. Botwe
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Prudence Tettey
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Duah Dwomoh
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Afua Amoabeng Nti
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lawrencia Kwarteng
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Sylvia Takyi
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Isabella A. Quakyi
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Thomas G. Robins
- Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julius N. Fobil
- Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Di Donato M, Buchbinder R, Iles R, Gray S, Collie A. Comparison of Compensated Low Back Pain Claims Experience in Australia with Limb Fracture and Non-Specific Limb Condition Claims: A Retrospective Cohort Study. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2021; 31:175-184. [PMID: 32495151 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-020-09906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To describe the incidence, duration, and patterns of working time loss claims in compensated Australian workers with low back pain (LBP), and compare this with limb fracture (LF) and non-specific limb condition (NSLC) claims. Methods The National Dataset for Compensation-based Statistics was used for this study. Accepted workers' compensation time loss claims for LBP, LF or NSLC occurring between July 2010 and June 2015 were included. Counts, rates per 10,000 covered workers, the relative risk and median duration of time loss were calculated. Multivariate Cox and quantile regression models were used to determine factors affecting time loss duration and patterns. Results There were 56,102 LBP claims, 42,957 LF claims, and 18,249 NSLC claims. The relative risk of a claim for LBP was significantly greater than LF after adjustment for all covariates (ARR 1.30, 95% CI 1.29-1.32, p < 0.001). LBP claims had similar median time loss (9.39 weeks) to LF claims (9.21 weeks). Claims for LBP were significantly more likely to be resolved in the early phase (10th and 25th quantiles of time loss; 25th quantile: - 1.12 weeks, 95% CI - 1.20 to - 1.05) than claims for LF, but significantly less likely to be resolved in the later phase (75th and 90th quantiles; 75th quantile: 7.02 weeks, 95% CI 6.42-7.61). Claims for NSLC had generally greater time loss than claims for LF, but less time loss than LBP above the 90th quantile. Conclusions The risk of a claim for LBP is higher than LF and NSLC. Although LBP claims are more likely to resolve in the early phase than limb fracture and NSLC claims, LBP claims have longer durations when workers are away from work more than seven weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Di Donato
- Insurance Work and Health Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Rachelle Buchbinder
- Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Institute and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 4 Drysdale St, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
| | - Ross Iles
- Insurance Work and Health Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Shannon Gray
- Insurance Work and Health Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Alex Collie
- Insurance Work and Health Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
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29
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Horgan D, Purtill H, Ryan E, O’Sullivan K. The impact of manual handling training on beliefs regarding low back pain. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1815837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diarmuid Horgan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Helen Purtill
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Ageing Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Eva Ryan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kieran O’Sullivan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Ageing Research Centre, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Zare M, Bodin J, Sagot JC, Roquelaure Y. Quantification of Exposure to Risk Postures in Truck Assembly Operators: Neck, Back, Arms and Wrists. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176062. [PMID: 32825386 PMCID: PMC7503406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study assessed the proportion of time in risky postures for the main joints of the upper limbs in a truck assembly plant and explored the association with musculoskeletal symptoms. Fourteen workstations (13 individuals) of a truck assembly plant were selected, and seven sensors were placed on the body segments of the participants. The sensors included tri-axial accelerometers for the arms and back, inclinometers for the neck and electro-goniometry for quantifying flexion/extension of the right and left hands. The proportions of time in moderate awkward postures were high at all workstations. Neck and wrist excessive awkward postures were observed for most workstations. The average values of the 91st percentile for back flexion and right/left arm elevation were 25°, 62°, and 57°, respectively. The 91st and 9th percentile averages for neck flexion/extension were 35.9° and −4.7°, respectively. An insignificant relationship was found between the percentage of time spent in awkward upper limb posture and musculoskeletal symptoms. The findings provide objective and quantitative data about time exposure, variability, and potential risk factors in the real workplace. Quantitative measurements in the field provide objective data of the body postures and movements of tasks that can be helpful in the musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) prevention program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Zare
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; (J.B.); (Y.R.)
- ERCOS Group (Pôle), Laboratory of ELLIAD-EA4661, UTBM-University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Belfort 90001, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-7-8772-2141
| | - Julie Bodin
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; (J.B.); (Y.R.)
| | - Jean-Claude Sagot
- ERCOS Group (Pôle), Laboratory of ELLIAD-EA4661, UTBM-University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Belfort 90001, France;
| | - Yves Roquelaure
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-49000 Angers, France; (J.B.); (Y.R.)
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Schoultz M, Beattie M, Gorely T, Leung J. Assessment of causal link between psychological factors and symptom exacerbation in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review utilising Bradford Hill criteria and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Syst Rev 2020; 9:169. [PMID: 32738908 PMCID: PMC7395978 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-020-01426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological stress is a prevalent factor in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with detrimental effects on patients' quality of life and possibly disease course. Although the aetiology of symptom exacerbation in IBD has been explored, determining any causation between psychological stress and symptom worsening remains challenging and requires a methodologically rigorous approach. AIM The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine a causal relationship between psychological stress and symptom exacerbation in IBD, subsequently utilising Bradford Hill's criteria (approach never used in this topic area before) to evaluate the likelihood of causal associations. METHODS Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL and PsycInfo were searched for relevant studies up to July 20, 2019. Data extraction and quality appraisal were performed by two independent reviewers. Results of all retained papers were presented as a narrative synthesis. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted on studies meeting the criteria for meta-analysis. Bradford Hill criteria were applied to assess the causality of the relationship between all psychological factors and symptom exacerbation. RESULTS The searches yielded 2472 potential articles. Nineteen clinical prospective cohort studies were eligible for the narrative review with five suitable for the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed depression, anxiety and perceived stress did not have a statistically significant association with an increased risk of symptom exacerbation. Four of the Bradford Hill criteria were met which indicates that there is weak to moderate evidence of a causal association between all the psychological factors and disease activity. Inconsistent results and a dearth of studies using the same tools for measuring psychological factors suggest the need for more research to be done to facilitate more conclusive findings. CONCLUSIONS This original review utilising Bradford Hill criteria in addition to meta-analysis to evaluate the causality of relationship between psychological factors and symptom exacerbation in IBD provides evidence that psychological factors have a weak to moderate causal involvement in IBD symptom exacerbation. However, when combining this finding with the outcomes of the meta-analysis, we can say that the results were inconclusive. Interventions to reduce the associated psychological impact should be part of the treatment plan for patients with IBD. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42012003143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariyana Schoultz
- School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Manchester, UK.
| | - Michelle Beattie
- Centre for Health Sciences, University of Highlands and Islands, Inverness, Scotland, UK
| | - Trish Gorely
- Centre for Health Sciences, University of Highlands and Islands, Inverness, Scotland, UK
| | - Janni Leung
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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No consensus on causality of spine postures or physical exposure and low back pain: A systematic review of systematic reviews. J Biomech 2020; 102:109312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Solovev A, Watanabe Y, Kitamura K, Takahashi A, Kobayashi R, Saito T, Takachi R, Kabasawa K, Oshiki R, Platonova K, Tsugane S, Iki M, Sasaki A, Yamazaki O, Watanabe K, Nakamura K. Total physical activity and risk of chronic low back and knee pain in middle-aged and elderly Japanese people: The Murakami cohort study. Eur J Pain 2020; 24:863-872. [PMID: 32017314 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific components of physical activity, such as vigorous exercise and heavy occupational work, are known to increase the risk of chronic low back pain (CLBP) and chronic knee pain (CKP), but impacts of other components are less known. This study aimed to assess the relationship between total physical activity and risk of CLBP and CKP from a public health perspective. METHODS Participants were 7,565 individuals, aged 40-74 years, who did not have CLBP or CKP, and who participated in the 5-year follow-up survey. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographics, body size and lifestyle (including physical activity) in the baseline survey in 2011-2013, and on CLBP and CKP using Short Form 36 (SF-36) in the follow-up survey. Sitting, standing, walking and strenuous work for occupational activity were assessed for total physical activity, and walking slowly, walking quickly, light to moderate exercise and strenuous exercise were assessed for leisure-time physical activity using metabolic equivalent hours/day (METs score). RESULTS Mean age of participants was 60.1 years (SD, 8.8). Participants with higher METs scores had a significantly higher risk of CKP (p for trend = 0.0089, OR of 4th quartile = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04-1.59 vs. 1st quartile), but not CLBP. An intermediate leisure-time METs score was associated with a lower risk of CLBP (OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.61-0.92 vs. 0 METs-group). CONCLUSIONS A high level of total physical activity may increase the risk of CKP, whereas an intermediate level of leisure-time physical activity may decrease the risk of CLBP, in middle-aged and elderly individuals. SIGNIFICANCE Evidence on the longitudinal association between total physical activity and CLBP and CKP in middle-aged and elderly people is lacking. We conducted a cohort study to assess this association, and found that high levels of total physical activity increased risk of CKP, and intermediate levels of leisure-time physical activity decreased risk of CLBP. This suggests that the effect of physical activity on chronic pain differed by pain site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Solovev
- Department of Public Health and Health, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia.,Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yumi Watanabe
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaori Kitamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akemi Takahashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Rehabilitation, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryosaku Kobayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Rehabilitation, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiko Saito
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ribeka Takachi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara, Japan
| | - Keiko Kabasawa
- Department of Health Promotion Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Rieko Oshiki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Rehabilitation, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kseniia Platonova
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iki
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Kei Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Nakamura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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De Carvalho DE, de Luca K, Funabashi M, Breen A, Wong AYL, Johansson MS, Ferreira ML, Swab M, Neil Kawchuk G, Adams J, Hartvigsen J. Association of Exposures to Seated Postures With Immediate Increases in Back Pain: A Systematic Review of Studies With Objectively Measured Sitting Time. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2020; 43:1-12. [PMID: 32081511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies to determine whether sitting time measured objectively (by laboratory controlled time trial, direct observation, or wearable sensor) is associated with the immediate increase in low back pain (LBP) (determined by pain scale rating) in people >18 years of age. METHODS Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) were searched from inception to September 1, 2018. Randomized controlled trials and cohort and cross-sectional studies, where objectively measured sitting time was temporally matched with a measure of LBP in adults, were included. Studies without a control session conducted on a separate day were excluded. Screening, full-text review, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (Quality In Prognosis Studies) of included papers were performed independently by 2 reviewers, with a third available to resolve disagreements. RESULTS In total, 609 articles were identified, 361 titles/abstracts were screened,75 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 10 met the inclusion criteria. All but 1 reported sitting time to be associated with an immediate increase in LBP. Six of these reported clinically relevant pain levels (n = 330). Half of the included studies were rated as having a low risk of bias and the remaining were rated as having a moderate risk of bias. CONCLUSION Prolonged sitting increases immediate reporting of LBP in adults; however, no conclusion between sitting and clinical episodes of LBP can be made. Based upon these findings, we recommend that future prospective studies should match objectively measured sitting with temporally related pain measurements to determine whether prolonged sitting can trigger a clinical episode of LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana E De Carvalho
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
| | - Katie de Luca
- Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martha Funabashi
- Division of Research, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Breen
- Centre for Biomechanics Research, AECC University College, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
| | - Arnold Y L Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Melker S Johansson
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manuela L Ferreira
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, The Kolling Institute, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Swab
- Health Science Library, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Gregory Neil Kawchuk
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jon Adams
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jan Hartvigsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark
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Serranheira F, Sousa-Uva M, Heranz F, Kovacs F, Sousa-Uva A. Low Back Pain (LBP), work and absenteeism. Work 2020; 65:463-469. [PMID: 32007966 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational physical demands are commonly assumed the cause of work-related Low Back Pain (LBP) and absenteeism. OBJECTIVES To analyse relationships between LBP at work, physical demands and absenteeism. METHODS Workers filled out a questionnaire on socio-demographic and work-related factors, general health, LBP (number of episodes in a 12-month period, pain severity and intensity), and occupational hazards related with physical demands. RESULTS 735 workers completed the questionnaire (male n = 359). A high proportion of workers n = 507 (69%), from different occupational backgrounds, reported at least one LBP episode in the previous 12-month period. The highest ratio of subjects with more than 6 episodes of LBP per year was found among public services employees (31.8%) and the lowest ratio among administrative workers (10.3%). The highest ratio of workers (39%) were classified as sedentary workers, 34% of workers having a low or moderate level of physical demands in their work, and 27% reported high levels of physical demands in their work. There was a 4 % absenteeism rate in a 12-month period, which was significantly higher in the group with physically demanding work. Those subjects with higher physical requirements at work have increased odds of having more than 3 episodes of LBP during the previous year (p < 0.05) in comparison with subjects with more sedentary jobs and those with low or moderate physical demands. High intensity work, compared to sedentary work, is associated with an increased probability of being absent of work because of LBP in a previous 12-month period (OR = 3.12; CI 1.23-7.89; p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest there is an association between highly physically demanding jobs, LBP and absenteeism. These results may contribute to the improvement of LBP assessment and prevention programs in Occupational Health Services.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Serranheira
- CISP - Public Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal.,Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Sousa-Uva
- CISP - Public Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal.,Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - F Heranz
- Clinical Investigator, Occupational Doctor, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - F Kovacs
- Unidad de la Espalda Kovacs. Hospital Universitario HLA-Moncloa, y Red Española de Investigadores en Dolencias de la Espalda, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Sousa-Uva
- CISP - Public Health Research Center, NOVA National School of Public Health, Lisbon, Portugal.,Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
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Sanderson A, Cescon C, Heneghan NR, Kuithan P, Martinez-Valdes E, Rushton A, Barbero M, Falla D. People With Low Back Pain Display a Different Distribution of Erector Spinae Activity During a Singular Mono-Planar Lifting Task. Front Sports Act Living 2019; 1:65. [PMID: 33344988 PMCID: PMC7739704 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2019.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the variation in muscle activity and movement in the lumbar and lumbothoracic region during a singular mono-planar lifting task, and how this is altered in individuals experiencing low back pain (LBP). Muscle activity from the lumbar and lumbothoracic erector spinae of 14 control and 11 LBP participants was recorded using four 13 × 5 high-density surface electromyography (HDEMG) grids. Root mean squared HDEMG signals were used to create spatial maps of the distribution of muscle activity. Three-dimensional kinematic data were recorded focusing on the relationship between lumbar and thoracic movements. In the task, participants lifted a 5 kg box from knee height to sternal height, and then returned the box to the starting position. The center of muscle activity for LBP participants was found to be systematically more cranial throughout the task compared to the control participants (P < 0.05). Participants with LBP also had lower signal entropy (P < 0.05) and lower absolute root mean squared values (P < 0.05). However, there were no differences between groups in kinematic variables, with no difference in contributions between lumbar and thoracic motion segments (P > 0.05). These results indicate that participants with LBP utilize an altered motor control strategy to complete a singular lifting task which is not reflected in their movement strategy. While no differences were identified between groups in the motion between lumbar and thoracic motion segments, participants with LBP utilized a less homogenous, less diffuse and more cranially focussed contraction of their erector spinae to complete the lifting movement. These results may have relevance for the persistence of LBP symptoms and the development of new treatments focussing on muscle retraining in LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Sanderson
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Corrado Cescon
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Nicola R Heneghan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Kuithan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Martinez-Valdes
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Rushton
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Barbero
- Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Bontrup C, Taylor WR, Fliesser M, Visscher R, Green T, Wippert PM, Zemp R. Low back pain and its relationship with sitting behaviour among sedentary office workers. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 81:102894. [PMID: 31422243 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between sedentary lifestyle, sitting behaviour, and low back pain (LBP) remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the relationship between back pain and occupational sitting habits in 64 call-centre employees. A textile pressure mat was used to evaluate and parameterise sitting behaviour over a total of 400 h, while pain questionnaires evaluated acute and chronic LBP. Seventy-five percent of the participants reported some level of either chronic or acute back pain. Individuals with chronic LBP demonstrated a possible trend (t-test not significant) towards more static sitting behaviour compared to their pain-free counterparts. Furthermore, a greater association was found between sitting behaviour and chronic LBP than for acute pain/disability, which is plausibly due to a greater awareness of pain-free sitting positions in individuals with chronic pain compared to those affected by acute pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Fliesser
- Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Health Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Tamara Green
- Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Health Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Pia-Maria Wippert
- Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Health Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Roland Zemp
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
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38
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Caneiro JP, O'Sullivan P, Lipp OV, Mitchinson L, Oeveraas N, Bhalvani P, Abrugiato R, Thorkildsen S, Smith A. Evaluation of implicit associations between back posture and safety of bending and lifting in people without pain. Scand J Pain 2019; 18:719-728. [PMID: 29982241 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2018-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims Despite lack of support from recent in vivo studies, bending and lifting (especially with a round-back posture) are perceived as dangerous to the back. In light of this view, it has been proposed that pain-free people may hold a common implicit belief that is congruent with the idea that bending and lifting with a round-back represents danger to a person's back, however this has not been evaluated. The aims of this study were: (1) to evaluate implicit associations between back posture and safety related to bending and lifting in pain-free people; (2) to explore correlations between the implicit measure and explicit measures of back beliefs, fear of movement and safety of bending; (3) to investigate self-reported qualitative appraisal of safe lifting. Methods Exploratory cross-sectional study including 67 pain-free participants (no pain, or average pain ≤3/10 for less than one week over the previous 12 months) (52% male), who completed an online survey containing demographic data and self-reported measures of: fear of movement (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for General population - TSK-G), back beliefs (Back Pain Attitudes Questionnaire BackPAQ), and bending beliefs (Bending Safety Belief - BSB - a pictorial scale with images of a person bending/lifting with round and straight back postures). Implicit associations between back posture and safety related to bending and lifting were evaluated with the Implicit Association Test (IAT). A qualitative assessment of descriptions of safe lifting was performed. Results An implicit association between "danger" and "round-back" bending/lifting was evident in all participants (IATD-score=0.65 (SD=0.45; 95% CI [0.54, 0.76]). Participants' profile indicated high fear of movement, unhelpful back beliefs, and perceived danger to round-back bending and lifting (BSBThermometer: 5.2 (SD=3.8; 95% CI [4.26, 6.13] range -10 to 10; t(67)=11.09, p<0.001). There was a moderate correlation between IAT and BSBThermometer (r=0.38, 95% CI [0.16, 0.62]). There were weaker and non-statistically significant correlations between IAT and TSK-G (r=0.28, 95% CI [-0.02, 0.47]), and between IAT and BackPAQDanger (r=0.21, 95% CI [-0.03, 0.45]). Qualitative assessment of safe lifting descriptions indicated that keeping a "straight back" and "squatting" when lifting were the most common themes. Conclusions Pain-free people displayed an implicit bias towards bending and lifting with a "round-back" as dangerous. Our findings support the idea that pain-free people may have a pre-existing belief about lifting, that the back is in danger when rounded. Research to evaluate the relationship between this implicit bias and lifting behaviour is indicated. Implications The findings of this study may have implications for ergonomic guidelines and public health information related to bending and lifting back postures. Additionally, clinicians may need to be aware of this common belief, as this may be reflected in how a person responds when they experience pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Caneiro
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Body Logic Physiotherapy Clinic, 215 Nicholson Road, Shenton Park, WA 6008, Australia, Phone: +61(08)9381 7940, +61(08)433 803 683, Fax: +61(08)9381 7941, E-mail:
| | - Peter O'Sullivan
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Body Logic Physiotherapy Clinic, Shenton Park, Australia
| | - Ottmar V Lipp
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Lara Mitchinson
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.,Body Logic Physiotherapy Clinic, Shenton Park, Australia
| | - Nicolai Oeveraas
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Priyanka Bhalvani
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Richard Abrugiato
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Sean Thorkildsen
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Anne Smith
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
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Abstract
Posture is a frequent topic of discussion for patients, clinicians, the media, and society. A common belief is that spinal pain is caused by sitting, standing, or bending "incorrectly." Despite the absence of strong evidence to support these common beliefs, a large posture industry has flourished, with many interventions and products claiming to "correct" posture and prevent pain. Unfortunately, many health care professionals provide advice in line with this non-evidence-based perspective. In this Viewpoint, the authors reflect on common beliefs regarding posture and spinal health and why they are so widely held, and consider how clinicians can positively influence these beliefs. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(8):562-564. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.0610.
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40
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Paudel S, Owen AJ, Owusu-Addo E, Smith BJ. Physical activity participation and the risk of chronic diseases among South Asian adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9771. [PMID: 31278314 PMCID: PMC6611898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
South Asia specific reviews on the role of physical activity (PA) domains on chronic disease prevention are lacking. This study aimed to systematically review published literature to identify the association between PA domains and chronic diseases and to provide summary estimates of the strength of association. Nine electronic databases were searched using the predefined inclusion criteria which included population (South Asian adults 40 years or older), exposure (PA or sedentary behaviour) and outcome (type 2 diabetes mellitus, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, vascular disease and musculoskeletal diseases and their markers). A random-effects meta-analysis was carried out for cardiometabolic outcomes whereas narrative synthesis was completed for other outcome variables. Inactive or less active South Asian adults were at 31% higher risk of being hypertensive. Likewise, the risk of cardiometabolic outcomes was 1.34 times higher among inactive adults. Household PA was found to have a protective effect on breast cancer risk. Total and leisure time PA had a protective effect on osteoporosis among males and females respectively. Contemporary studies with a longitudinal design, representative samples, valid and reliable assessment of different domains are needed to establish the role of PA in chronic disease prevention in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Paudel
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Alice J Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ebenezer Owusu-Addo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Bureau of Integrated Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ben J Smith
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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41
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Cavaguchi AMS, Oliveira MR, Macedo CG, Souza PEAD, Aguiar AF, Dallaire M, Ngomo S, Silva RAD. Impact of Lifting of Two Types of Barrels on Postural Control, Trunk Muscle Recruitment, and Kinematic Measures in Manual Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122183. [PMID: 31226758 PMCID: PMC6616434 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of 2 types of beer barrels on postural control, trunk activation, and kinematic measures in adult workers. Twelve (12) males randomly performed 4 tasks on a force platform for 20 s: (1) hold an empty recyclable barrel, (2) hold a full recyclable barrel (30 L), (3) hold an empty steel barrel, and (4) hold a full steel barrel (30 L). Trunk muscular activation, force platform and kinematic measures at the trunk, hip, and knee joints were computed. The full steel barrel produced greater postural oscillation than other conditions. Higher trunk activity was also reported during the full steel barrel task. Significant kinematic changes only in the trunk were observed between the empty steel barrel and the full recyclable barrel tasks. In conclusion, the full steel barrel produced a negative impact on postural control, increasing trunk activity and changing trunk flexion angle in adult workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M S Cavaguchi
- Master and Doctoral Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina 86083-070, PR, Brazil.
| | - Márcio R Oliveira
- Master and Doctoral Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina 86083-070, PR, Brazil.
| | - Christiane G Macedo
- Master and Doctoral Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina 86083-070, PR, Brazil.
- Physical Therapy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil.
| | - Pablo E A de Souza
- Master and Doctoral Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina 86083-070, PR, Brazil.
| | - Andreo F Aguiar
- Master and Doctoral Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina 86083-070, PR, Brazil.
| | - Mathieu Dallaire
- Département des Sciences de la Santé, Programme de physiothérapie de l'Université McGill offert en extension à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Centre intersectoriel en santé durable, Laboratoire de recherche BioNR -UQAC, Saguenay, Québec, G7H 2B1, Canada.
| | - Suzy Ngomo
- Département des Sciences de la Santé, Programme de physiothérapie de l'Université McGill offert en extension à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Centre intersectoriel en santé durable, Laboratoire de recherche BioNR -UQAC, Saguenay, Québec, G7H 2B1, Canada.
| | - Rubens A da Silva
- Master and Doctoral Programs in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL/UNOPAR, Londrina 86083-070, PR, Brazil.
- Département des Sciences de la Santé, Programme de physiothérapie de l'Université McGill offert en extension à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Centre intersectoriel en santé durable, Laboratoire de recherche BioNR -UQAC, Saguenay, Québec, G7H 2B1, Canada.
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Lallukka T, Kaila-Kangas L, Mänty M, Koskinen S, Haukka E, Kausto J, Leino-Arjas P, Kaikkonen R, Halonen JI, Shiri R. Work-Related Exposures and Sickness Absence Trajectories: A Nationally Representative Follow-up Study among Finnish Working-Aged People. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122099. [PMID: 31200553 PMCID: PMC6616391 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of physically demanding work to the developmental trajectories of sickness absence (SA) has seldom been examined. We analyzed the associations of 12 physical work exposures, individually and in combination, with SA trajectories among the occupationally active in the Finnish nationally representative Health 2000 survey. We included 3814 participants aged 30–59 years at baseline, when exposure history to work-related factors was reported. The survey and interview responses were linked with the annual number of medically confirmed SA spells through 2002–2008 from national registries. Trajectory analyses identified three SA subgroups: 1 = low (54.6%), 2 = slowly increasing (33.7%), and 3 = high (11.7%). After adjustments, sitting or use of keyboard >1 year was inversely associated with the high SA trajectory (odds ratio, OR, 0.57; 95% 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.43–0.77). The odds of belonging to the trajectory of high SA increased with an increasing number of risk factors, and was highest for those with ≥4 physical workload factors (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.99–3.69). In conclusion, these findings highlight the need to find ways to better maintain the work ability of those in physically loading work, particularly when there occurs exposure to several workload factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Lallukka
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Leena Kaila-Kangas
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Minna Mänty
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
- City of Vantaa, Asematie 7, 01300 Vantaa, Finland.
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- Unit of Statistics and research, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, P.O. Box 30, 00271 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Eija Haukka
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Johanna Kausto
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Päivi Leino-Arjas
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Risto Kaikkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 20, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jaana I Halonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Rahman Shiri
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, 00032 Helsinki, Finland.
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43
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van Dieën JH, Reeves NP, Kawchuk G, van Dillen LR, Hodges PW. Analysis of Motor Control in Patients With Low Back Pain: A Key to Personalized Care? J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019; 49:380-388. [PMID: 29895232 PMCID: PMC7393666 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2019.7916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SYNOPSIS Motor control exercise has been shown to be effective in the management of low back pain (LBP). However, the effect sizes for motor control exercise are modest, possibly because studies have used a one-size-fits-all approach, while the literature suggests that patients may differ in presence or type of motor control issues. In this commentary, we address the question of whether consideration of such variation in motor control issues might contribute to more personalized motor control exercise for patients with LBP. Such an approach is plausible, because motor control changes may play a role in persistence of pain through effects on tissue loading that may cause nociceptive afference, particularly in the case of peripheral sensitization. Subgrouping systems used in clinical practice, which comprise motor control aspects, allow reliable classification that is, in part, aligned with findings in studies on motor control in patients with LBP. Motor control issues may have heuristic value for treatment allocation, as the different presentations observed suggest different targets for motor control exercise, but this remains to be proven. Finally, clinical assessment of patients with LBP should take into account more aspects than motor control alone, including pain mechanisms, musculoskeletal health, and psychosocial factors, and may need to be embedded in a stratification approach based on prognosis to avoid undue diagnostic procedures. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(6):380-388. Epub 12 Jun 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.7916.
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B Amorim A, Simic M, Pappas E, Zadro JR, Carrillo E, Ordoñana JR, Ferreira PH. Is occupational or leisure physical activity associated with low back pain? Insights from a cross-sectional study of 1059 participants. Braz J Phys Ther 2019; 23:257-265. [PMID: 31130170 PMCID: PMC6531628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is a highly prevalent and disabling musculoskeletal disorder. Physical activity is widely used as a prevention strategy for numerous musculoskeletal disorders; however, there is still conflicting evidence as to whether physical activity is a protective or risk factor for low back pain or whether activity levels differ between people with and without low back pain. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between low back pain and different types (occupational and leisure) and intensities (moderate and vigorous) of physical activity. METHODS This is cross-sectional observational study. We included in this study a total of 1059 individuals recruited from a Spanish twin registry with data available on low back pain. OUTCOME Self-reported leisure and occupational physical activity were the explanatory variables. The low back pain outcome used in this study was recurrent low back pain. RESULTS Our results indicate that leisure physical activity is associated with a lower prevalence of recurrent low back pain. In contrast, occupational physical activity, such as carrying, lifting heavy weight while inclined, awkward postures (e.g. bending, twisting, squatting, and kneeling) are associated with a higher prevalence of recurrent low back pain. There was no statistically significant association between other occupational physical activities, such as sitting or standing, and low back pain. CONCLUSION Leisure and occupational physical activity are likely to have an opposed impact on low back pain. While leisure physical activity appears to be protective, occupational physical activity appears to be harmful to low back pain. Future longitudinal studies should assist in formulating guidelines addressing specific types and intensity of physical activity aimed at effectively preventing low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita B Amorim
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Milena Simic
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Evangelos Pappas
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joshua R Zadro
- School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eduvigis Carrillo
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Murcia Twin Registry, Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Murcia Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Paulo H Ferreira
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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O'Sullivan K, O'Keeffe M, Forster BB, Qamar SR, van der Westhuizen A, O'Sullivan PB. Managing low back pain in active adolescents. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2019; 33:102-121. [PMID: 31431266 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent low back pain has received limited research attention despite its potentially considerable impact on quality of life. The role of diagnostic triage to identify serious or specific pathology and/or order relevant investigations is considered. An overview of contemporary pain mechanisms is provided, with specific reference to the wide range of risk factors for persistent low back pain. Education and exercise framed within a biopsychosocial framework are the cornerstones of treatment. There is a lack of data on more comprehensive personalized treatment approaches among adolescents. One such approach - Cognitive Functional Therapy - which has shown promise in adults and active adolescents with low back pain, is described and illustrated using a case study. The most promising avenues, in practice and research, may be those that view adolescent low back pain as less of a local structural spinal issue and more of an indication of the general health of the adolescent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran O'Sullivan
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Ireland; Sports Spine Centre, Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Qatar.
| | - Mary O'Keeffe
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruce B Forster
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sadia Raheez Qamar
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Peter B O'Sullivan
- Health Sciences Division, School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Bodylogic Physiotherapy, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Jamdade B, Shimpi A, Rairikar S, Shyam A, Sancheti P. Factors predisposing to work-related lower back pain in automobile industry workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2018; 27:79-85. [PMID: 30246622 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2018.1527055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aimed to assess the presence of lower back pain (LBP) in automobile industrial workers and correlate it with the factors known to be contributing to the development of work-related LBP. Method. Post ethical approval, an analytical cross-sectional assessment was conducted for a correlation study on 317 workers from different automobile industries, garages and service centres, who were then assessed by Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire for the presence of LBP. Their pain intensity was assessed using a numerical rating scale, their core strength with a pressure biofeedback unit, their flexibility via the sitting and reach test and their work posture with the rapid entire body assessment tool. Pain intensity was correlated with core strength, flexibility and posture in all of the workers using Spearman's correlation coefficient r with α set at p ≤ 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. Results. There was no significant correlation of the pain intensity with the core strength (r = 0.052, p = 0.424), flexibility (r = 0.020, p = 0.755) or posture (r = 0.002, p = 0.974). Conclusion. The present study indicates that internal factors like core strength and flexibility, and work postures have no correlation with intensity and severity of LBP in automobile industry workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti Jamdade
- Department of Community Physiotherapy, Sancheti College of Physiotherapy, India
| | - Apurv Shimpi
- Department of Community Physiotherapy, Sancheti College of Physiotherapy, India
| | - Savita Rairikar
- Department of Community Physiotherapy, Sancheti College of Physiotherapy, India
| | - Ashok Shyam
- Department of Orthopedics, Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, India
| | - Parag Sancheti
- Department of Orthopedics, Sancheti Institute for Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, India
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Kastelic K, Voglar M, Šarabon N. Acute effect of full time office work in real environment on postural actions and lumbar range of motion. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2018; 43:82-87. [PMID: 30253335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prolonged sitting is often proposed as a risk factor for low back pain development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of full time office work on sensorimotor trunk functions. METHODS Seventeen healthy office workers participated in the study. Maximal lumbar flexion range of motion, anticipatory postural adjustments and postural reflex reactions were tested before and after full time office work in a real life environment. RESULTS There were longer onset latencies of postural reflexive reactions and decreased response amplitudes of anticipatory postural adjustments after full time office work, but these were significant only for the obliquus externus abdominis muscle. No changes in lumbar range of motion was found. CONCLUSION To our knowledge this is the first study that evaluates the effect of full time office work on postural actions and lumbar RoM. We found an absence of normal human circadian flexibility in the lumbar spine and some changes in postural actions. We propose that active trunk stiffness increase to compensate for decreased passive stiffness after prolonged seated work. Further studies are needed to confirm this assumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Kastelic
- University of Primorska, Andrej Marušič Institute, Department of Health Study, Koper, Slovenia; S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Voglar
- University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- University of Primorska, Andrej Marušič Institute, Department of Health Study, Koper, Slovenia; University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izola, Slovenia; S2P, Science to Practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S, Hoy D, Karppinen J, Pransky G, Sieper J, Smeets RJ, Underwood M. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet 2018; 391:2356-2367. [PMID: 29573870 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30480-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2167] [Impact Index Per Article: 361.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain is a very common symptom. It occurs in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries and all age groups from children to the elderly population. Globally, years lived with disability caused by low back pain increased by 54% between 1990 and 2015, mainly because of population increase and ageing, with the biggest increase seen in low-income and middle-income countries. Low back pain is now the leading cause of disability worldwide. For nearly all people with low back pain, it is not possible to identify a specific nociceptive cause. Only a small proportion of people have a well understood pathological cause-eg, a vertebral fracture, malignancy, or infection. People with physically demanding jobs, physical and mental comorbidities, smokers, and obese individuals are at greatest risk of reporting low back pain. Disabling low back pain is over-represented among people with low socioeconomic status. Most people with new episodes of low back pain recover quickly; however, recurrence is common and in a small proportion of people, low back pain becomes persistent and disabling. Initial high pain intensity, psychological distress, and accompanying pain at multiple body sites increases the risk of persistent disabling low back pain. Increasing evidence shows that central pain-modulating mechanisms and pain cognitions have important roles in the development of persistent disabling low back pain. Cost, health-care use, and disability from low back pain vary substantially between countries and are influenced by local culture and social systems, as well as by beliefs about cause and effect. Disability and costs attributed to low back pain are projected to increase in coming decades, in particular in low-income and middle-income countries, where health and other systems are often fragile and not equipped to cope with this growing burden. Intensified research efforts and global initiatives are clearly needed to address the burden of low back pain as a public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hartvigsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mark J Hancock
- Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alice Kongsted
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark
| | - Quinette Louw
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Physiotherapy Division and Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Manuela L Ferreira
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stéphane Genevay
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Jaro Karppinen
- Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Glenn Pransky
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
| | - Joachim Sieper
- Department of Rheumatology, Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rob J Smeets
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Libra Rehabilitation and Audiology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Martin Underwood
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
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Interleukin-6 trans-signaling and pathological low back pain in patients with Paget disease of bone. Pain 2018; 159:1664-1673. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Karstad K, Jørgensen AFB, Greiner BA, Burdorf A, Søgaard K, Rugulies R, Holtermann A. Danish Observational Study of Eldercare work and musculoskeletal disorderS (DOSES): a prospective study at 20 nursing homes in Denmark. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019670. [PMID: 29490965 PMCID: PMC5855299 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), sickness absence and premature retirement are highly prevalent among eldercare workers. We conducted a prospective observational workplace study with the main purpose to investigate longitudinal associations between physical and psychosocial working conditions and occurrence of MSD and its consequences (pain-related interference with daily work activities and sickness absence) among Danish eldercare workers. PARTICIPANTS At 20 Danish nursing homes, a total of 941 eldercare workers employed in day and evening shifts were invited to the study. Of those, 553 participated in the baseline measurements, and 441 completed the total period of 12 months follow-up. FINDINGS TO DATE Data were collected from September 2013 to January 2016. Physical and psychosocial working conditions were assessed with multiple methods (observations, accelerometer measurements and work schedules), and multiple levels of information (nursing home, ward, resident and eldercare worker) were incorporated in the data collection. MSD and the consequences hereof were assessed monthly during a 1-year follow-up. Study participants and non-participants were comparable on most of the 27 sociodemographic, health and working condition characteristics at baseline. The exceptions were higher neck-shoulder pain intensity, less sickness absence, more exposure to negative behaviour from residents and a higher percentage of working day shifts and fewer evening shifts among participants compared with non-participants. FUTURE PLANS The first publications will report on the associations of physical and psychosocial working conditions with occurrence of MSD and its consequences. In addition, the cohort gives the opportunity to investigate the importance of organisational, management and team factors for distribution of physical work demands and development of MSD among the workers. This will provide important knowledge for future workplace interventions to reduce MSD and sickness absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Karstad
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anette F B Jørgensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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