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Horn J, Höhn P, Strotmann J, Majchrzak-Stiller B, Buchholz M, Uhl W, Herzog T. Next-generation microbiological testing in intraabdominal infections with PCR technology. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2024; 409:108. [PMID: 38570375 PMCID: PMC10990981 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-024-03298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Intraabdominal infections (IAI) are increasing worldwide and are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality. Among IAI, the number of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) is increasing globally. We tested the Unyvero A50® for intraabdominal infections, compared the detected microorganisms and antibiotic resistance, and compared the results with those of routine microbiology. METHODS We prospectively compared samples obtained from surgical patients using PCR-based Unyvero IAI cartridges against routine microbiology for the detection of microorganisms. Additionally, we identified clinical parameters that correlated with the microbiological findings. Data were analyzed using the t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Sixty-two samples were analyzed. The PCR system identified more microorganisms, mostly Bacteroides species, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. For bacterial resistance, the PCR system results were fully concordant with those of routine microbiology, resulting in a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of 100%. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for the detection of microorganisms were 74%, 58%, 60%, and 72%, respectively. CRP levels were significantly higher in patients with detectable microorganisms. We identified more microorganisms and bacterial resistance in hospital-acquired intra-abdominal infections by using the PCR system. DISCUSSION IAI warrants early identification of the microorganisms involved and their resistance to allow for adequate antibiotic therapy. PCR systems enable physicians to rapidly adjust their antibiotic treatment. Conventional microbiological culture and testing remain essential for determining the minimal growth inhibition concentrations for antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Horn
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Philipp Höhn
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Division of Molecular and Clinical Research, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Johanna Strotmann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Division of Molecular and Clinical Research, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Britta Majchrzak-Stiller
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Division of Molecular and Clinical Research, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marie Buchholz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Division of Molecular and Clinical Research, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Waldemar Uhl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef-Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Torsten Herzog
- Department of General Surgery and Visceral Surgery, Klinikum Vest, Ruhr University Bochum, Recklinghausen, Germany
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Park YE. Intraabdominal abscess mimicking gastric cancer recurrence: a case report. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2023; 40:426-429. [PMID: 36721319 PMCID: PMC10626305 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2022.00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Surgical site infection is a common healthcare-associated infection that rarely occurs several months after surgery. Herein, a case is described in which an abdominal mass lesion was found at a 6-month follow-up visit after gastrectomy was performed for early gastric cancer. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed a 2.5 cm-sized mass with a high maximal standard uptake value (8.32), located above a previous anastomosis site. Locoregional recurrence of gastric cancer was diagnosed by multidisciplinary team discussion, and explorative laparotomy was performed. However, surgical and pathologic findings revealed that the mass was an intraabdominal abscess. In conclusion, differential diagnosis of delayed abscess formation should be considered if the possibility of tumor recurrence is low, especially after early gastric cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Eun Park
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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3
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Stevenson DR, Das S, Lambourne J, Ledwidge SFC, Johnson L, Rosmarin C. Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii breast abscesses in context, a retrospective cohort study. J Med Microbiol 2022; 71. [PMID: 36748506 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii breast abscesses and granulomatous mastitis have gained increased recognition in the 20 years since their association was first described. No studies to date have described this organism in the context of all breast abscess pathogens. We retrospectively reviewed 160 community-acquired breast abscess samples from 135 patients in a 3 year period, describing the organisms isolated along with risk factors, site of infection and outcomes. We compared patient subgroups with acute and chronic abscesses, the latter defined as having a requirement for repeat aspiration more than 1 month apart. The prevalence of C. kroppenstedtii breast abscesses was 8 % in all patients (11/135), rising to 32 % in chronic abscesses (10/31), but only 1 % in acute abscesses (1/104; P<0.01). Only 10 % (1/10) of patients with C. kroppenstedtii chronic abscesses were smokers, whereas 75 % of patients (15/20) with non-C. kroppenstedtii chronic abscesses were smokers (P=0.01). C. kroppenstedtii should be considered in recurrent and prolonged infections, especially in non-smokers, and diagnostic methods altered accordingly. Identifying C. kroppenstedtii provides diagnostic clarity and alters management with recommendations for longer courses of treatment using non-beta-lactam antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Stevenson
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Infection, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Satya Das
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Infection, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.,Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Jonathan Lambourne
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Infection, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Serena F C Ledwidge
- Department of Breast Surgery, Division of Surgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Laura Johnson
- Department of Breast Surgery, Division of Surgery, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Caryn Rosmarin
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Infection, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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Managing Contamination and Diverse Bacterial Loads in 16S rRNA Deep Sequencing of Clinical Samples: Implications of the Law of Small Numbers. mBio 2021; 12:e0059821. [PMID: 34101489 PMCID: PMC8262989 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00598-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, we investigate patterns of microbial DNA contamination in targeted 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (16S deep sequencing) and demonstrate how this can be used to filter background bacterial DNA in diagnostic microbiology. We also investigate the importance of sequencing depth. We first determined the patterns of contamination by performing repeat 16S deep sequencing of negative and positive extraction controls. This process identified a few bacterial species dominating across all replicates but also a high intersample variability among low abundance contaminant species in replicates split before PCR amplification. Replicates split after PCR amplification yielded almost identical sequencing results. On the basis of these observations, we suggest using the abundance of the most dominant contaminant species to define a threshold in each clinical sample from where identifications with lower abundances possibly represent contamination. We evaluated this approach by sequencing of a diluted, staggered mock community and of bile samples from 41 patients with acute cholangitis and noninfectious bile duct stenosis. All clinical samples were sequenced twice using different sequencing depths. We were able to demonstrate the following: (i) The high intersample variability between sequencing replicates is caused by events occurring before or during the PCR amplification step. (ii) Knowledge about the most dominant contaminant species can be used to establish sample-specific cutoffs for reliable identifications. (iii) Below the level of the most abundant contaminant, it rapidly becomes very demanding to reliably discriminate between background and true findings. (iv) Adequate sequencing depth can be claimed only when the analysis also picks up background contamination.
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Lehenaff R, Tamashiro R, Nascimento MM, Lee K, Jenkins R, Whitlock J, Li EC, Sidhu G, Anderson S, Progulske-Fox A, Bubb MR, Chan EKL, Wang GP. Subgingival microbiome of deep and shallow periodontal sites in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:248. [PMID: 33964928 PMCID: PMC8105973 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Subgingival microbiome in disease-associated subgingival sites is known to be dysbiotic and significantly altered. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the extent of dysbiosis in disease- and health-associated subgingival sites is not clear. Methods 8 RA and 10 non-RA subjects were recruited for this pilot study. All subjects received full oral examination and underwent collection of subgingival plaque samples from both shallow (periodontal health-associated, probing depth ≤ 3mm) and deep subgingival sites (periodontal disease-associated, probing depth ≥ 4 mm). RA subjects also had rheumatological evaluation. Plaque community profiles were analyzed using 16 S rRNA sequencing. Results The phylogenetic diversity of microbial communities in both RA and non-RA controls was significantly higher in deep subgingival sites compared to shallow sites (p = 0.022), and the overall subgingival microbiome clustered primarily according to probing depth (i.e. shallow versus deep sites), and not separated by RA status. While a large number of differentially abundant taxa and gene functions was observed between deep and shallow sites as expected in non-RA controls, we found very few differentially abundant taxa and gene functions between deep and shallow sites in RA subjects. In addition, compared to non-RA controls, the UniFrac distances between deep and shallow sites in RA subjects were smaller, suggesting increased similarity between deep and shallow subgingival microbiome in RA. Streptococcus parasanguinis and Actinomyces meyeri were overabundant in RA subjects, while Gemella morbillorum, Kingella denitrificans, Prevotella melaninogenica and Leptotrichia spp. were more abundant in non-RA subjects. Conclusions The aggregate subgingival microbiome was not significantly different between individuals with and without rheumatoid arthritis. Although the differences in the overall subgingival microbiome was driven primarily by probing depth, in contrast to the substantial microbiome differences typically seen between deep and shallow sites in non-RA patients, the microbiome of deep and shallow sites in RA patients were more similar to each other. These results suggest that factors associated with RA may modulate the ecology of subgingival microbiome and its relationship to periodontal disease, the basis of which remains unknown but warrants further investigation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01597-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryanne Lehenaff
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ryan Tamashiro
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, Gainesville, USA
| | - Marcelle M Nascimento
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kyulim Lee
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Center for Molecular Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Renita Jenkins
- Dental Clinical Research Unit, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joan Whitlock
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, Gainesville, USA
| | - Eric C Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, Gainesville, USA
| | - Gurjit Sidhu
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, Gainesville, USA
| | - Susanne Anderson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ann Progulske-Fox
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Center for Molecular Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael R Bubb
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Edward K L Chan
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Center for Molecular Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Gary P Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, FL, Gainesville, USA. .,Medical Service, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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The dysbiosis signature of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer-cause or consequences? A systematic review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:194. [PMID: 33823861 PMCID: PMC8025348 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer globally and the fourth attributable cause of mortality and morbidity due to cancer. An emerging factor contributing to CRC is the gut microbiota and the cellular changes associated with it. Further insights on this may help in the prevention, diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches to colorectal cancer. In most cases of CRC, genetic factors appear to contribute less to its aetiology than environmental and epigenetic factors; therefore, it may be important to investigate these environmental factors, their effects, and the mechanisms that may contribute to this cancer. The gut microbiota has recently been highlighted as a potential risk factor that may affect the structural components of the tumor microenvironment, as well as free radical and enzymatic metabolites directly, or indirectly. Many studies have reported changes in the gut microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer. What is controversial is whether the cancer is the cause or consequence of the change in the microbiota. There is strong evidence supporting both possibilities. The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum in human colorectal specimens has been demonstrated by RNA-sequencing. F. nucleatum has been shown to express high levels of virulence factors such as FadA, Fap2 and MORN2 proteins. Our review of the published data suggest that F. nucleatum may be a prognostic biomarker of CRC risk, and hence raises the potential of antibiotic treatment of F. nucleatum for the prevention of CRC.
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Bivand JM, Nygaard RM, Kommedal Ø. Characterization of abscesses from liver, pancreas and kidney using deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 99:115277. [PMID: 33454607 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To characterize the microbial communities in abscess material from liver, pancreas, and kidneys, we performed deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, in addition to cultivation and Sanger based 16S rRNA gene sequencing directly from the samples. Fifty-nine abscess samples were investigated, 38 from liver, 11 from pancreas, 10 from kidney. Using deep sequencing we made 227 bacterial identifications in 52 specimens, as compared to 69 identifications from the 44 specimens positive by culture. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus sp., Klebsiella sp. and Streptococcus sp. were the most common findings, but various anaerobe bacteria also constituted a large part of the microflora and those were frequently not detected by culture. Culture-independent methods like 16S deep sequencing can significantly improve microbiological diagnostics of clinical specimens. They are particularly valuable for complex purulent infections like abdominal abscesses. Therefore, deep sequencing approaches should be considered as a part of the available repertoire in diagnostic hospital laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Øyvind Kommedal
- Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Zhao Y, Chen J, Bai B, Wang Y, Zheng J, Yu Z, Deng Q, Li P. Pathogen determination from clinical abscess fluids using metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 66:197-202. [PMID: 33140283 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00829-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abscesses are often clinically manifested as local necrotic tissues in various organs or systems of the human body, which is commonly caused by microbial infection. Rapid and accurate identification of pathogens from clinical abscetic samples would greatly guide a clinician to make the precise choices of the antimicrobial treatment. Here, this study aimed to investigate the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the microbial detection of clinical samples of abscess fluids from various organs or systems. Nine patients with abscess from various organs or systems were enrolled in this study. The pathogenic bacteria in abscess fluid were detected and compared by the conventional bacterial culture and mNGS respectively. The dominant pathogens of abscess fluids in 8 cases can be found directly from mNGS, dominating over 80% of the total reads abundance of the microbiome. Although the pathogens from 6 cases detected by mNGS were consistent with that from the conventional bacteria culture method, the fastidious obligate anaerobic bacteria in 2 cases additionally detected by mNGS were not found by the conventional culture method. Moreover, complex polymicrobial infection containing Parvimonas micra in one case negatively with conventional bacterial culture were demonstrated by the mNGS method. And the mNGS method can directly reflect the diversity of microbial ecology in the abscess fluids from the different parts of the human body. Conclusively, mNGS can be used as a supplemental method for the pathogen detection of clinically abscess fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinlian Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinxin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiwen Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital and the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peiyu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Endogenous Infection, Affiliated Shenzhen Sixth Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
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Ssekitoleko RT, Oshabaheebwa S, Munabi IG, Tusabe MS, Namayega C, Ngabirano BA, Matovu B, Mugaga J, Reichert WM, Joloba ML. The role of medical equipment in the spread of nosocomial infections: a cross-sectional study in four tertiary public health facilities in Uganda. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1561. [PMID: 33066745 PMCID: PMC7562759 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With many medical equipment in hospitals coming in direct contact with healthcare workers, patients, technicians, cleaners and sometimes care givers, it is important to pay close attention to their capacity in harboring potentially harmful pathogens. The goal of this study was to assess the role that medical equipment may potentially play in hospital acquired infections in four public health facilities in Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to January 2018 in four public health facilities in Uganda. Each piece of equipment from the neonatal department, imaging department or operating theatre were swabbed at three distinct points: a location in contact with the patient, a location in contact with the user, and a remote location unlikely to be contacted by either the patient or the user. The swabs were analyzed for bacterial growth using standard microbiological methods. Seventeen bacterial isolates were randomly selected and tested for susceptibility/resistance to common antibiotics. The data collected analyzed in STATA version 14. Results A total of 192 locations on 65 equipment were swabbed, with 60.4% of these locations testing positive (116/192). Nearly nine of ten equipment (57/65) tested positive for contamination in at least one location, and two out of three equipment (67.7%) tested positive in two or more locations. Of the 116 contaminated locations 52.6% were positive for Bacillus Species, 14.7% were positive for coagulase negative staphylococcus, 12.9% (15/116) were positive for E. coli, while all other bacterial species had a pooled prevalence of 19.8%. Interestingly, 55% of the remote locations were contaminated compared to 66% of the user contacted locations and 60% of the patient contacted locations. Further, 5/17 samples were resistant to at least three of the classes of antibiotics tested including penicillin, glycylcycline, tetracycline, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole and urinary anti-infectives. Conclusion These results provides strong support for strengthening overall disinfection/sterilization practices around medical equipment use in public health facilities in Uganda. There’s also need for further research to make a direct link to the bacterial isolates identified and cases of infections recorded among patients in similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert T Ssekitoleko
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Solomon Oshabaheebwa
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ian G Munabi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Martha S Tusabe
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - C Namayega
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Beryl A Ngabirano
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Brian Matovu
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Julius Mugaga
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Moses L Joloba
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Makerere University college of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
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Muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia) and dealcoholized muscadine wine alleviated symptoms of colitis and protected against dysbiosis in mice exposed to dextran sulfate sodium. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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11
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Warner DR, Warner JB, Hardesty JE, Song YL, King TN, Kang JX, Chen CY, Xie S, Yuan F, Prodhan MAI, Ma X, Zhang X, Rouchka EC, Maddipati KR, Whitlock J, Li EC, Wang GP, McClain CJ, Kirpich IA. Decreased ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio attenuates ethanol-induced alterations in intestinal homeostasis, microbiota, and liver injury. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:2034-2049. [PMID: 31586017 PMCID: PMC6889711 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra119000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH)-induced alterations in intestinal homeostasis lead to multi-system pathologies, including liver injury. ω-6 PUFAs exert pro-inflammatory activity, while ω-3 PUFAs promote anti-inflammatory activity that is mediated, in part, through specialized pro-resolving mediators [e.g., resolvin D1 (RvD1)]. We tested the hypothesis that a decrease in the ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio would attenuate EtOH-mediated alterations in the gut-liver axis. ω-3 FA desaturase-1 (fat-1) mice, which endogenously increase ω-3 PUFA levels, were protected against EtOH-mediated downregulation of intestinal tight junction proteins in organoid cultures and in vivo. EtOH- and lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of INF-γ, Il-6, and Cxcl1 was attenuated in fat-1 and WT RvD1-treated mice. RNA-seq of ileum tissue revealed upregulation of several genes involved in cell proliferation, stem cell renewal, and antimicrobial defense (including Alpi and Leap2) in fat-1 versus WT mice fed EtOH. fat-1 mice were also resistant to EtOH-mediated downregulation of genes important for xenobiotic/bile acid detoxification. Further, gut microbiome and plasma metabolomics revealed several changes in fat-1 versus WT mice that may contribute to a reduced inflammatory response. Finally, these data correlated with a significant reduction in liver injury. Our study suggests that ω-3 PUFA enrichment or treatment with resolvins can attenuate the disruption in intestinal homeostasis caused by EtOH consumption and systemic inflammation with a concomitant reduction in liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis R Warner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Jeffrey B Warner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
- Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Josiah E Hardesty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Ying L Song
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Taylor N King
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Jing X Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shanfu Xie
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | | | - Xipeng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, Speed School of Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | | | - Joan Whitlock
- Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Eric C Li
- Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Gary P Wang
- Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Craig J McClain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and University of Louisville Alcohol Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
- Robley Rex Veterans Medical Center, Louisville, KY
| | - Irina A Kirpich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and University of Louisville Alcohol Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY
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Duangurai T, Siengsanan-Lamont J, Bumrungpun C, Kaewmongkol G, Areevijittrakul L, Sirinarumitr T, Fenwick SG, Kaewmongkol S. Identification of uncultured bacteria from abscesses of exotic pet animals using broad-range nested 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Vet World 2019; 12:1546-1553. [PMID: 31849415 PMCID: PMC6868264 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1546-1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Sanger sequencing technique has been questioned and challenged by advanced high-throughput sequencing approaches. Sanger sequencing seems to be an obsolete technology. However, there are still research problems that could be answered using the Sanger sequencing technology. Fastidious obligate anaerobic bacteria are mostly associated with abscesses in animals. These bacteria are difficult to isolate from abscesses and are frequently excluded due to the bias of conventional bacterial culturing. Aim: This study demonstrated the usefulness of a broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Sanger sequencing to identify the majority population of bacteria in abscesses from exotic pet animals. Materials and Methods: This study performed a pilot investigation of abscesses from 20 clinical cases (17 rabbits, 2 hedgehogs, and 1 sugar glider) using standard culture methods for both aerobes and anaerobes and broad-range nested PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene followed by the Sanger sequencing technique. Results: The standard culture and PCR techniques detected bacteria in 9 and 17 of 20 samples, respectively. From the 17 sequencings of the 16S rRNA, 10 PCR products were found to be closely related with obligate anaerobes including Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Prevotella spp. Phylogenetic analysis using the rpoB gene revealed that the species for the Bacteroides was thetaiotaomicron and for the Fusobacterium was varium and nucleatum. However, the amplification of the rpoB gene for the Prevotella spp. was unsuccessful. Correlations between the standard culture and PCR techniques were found in 9 (6 positive and 3 negative samples) of 20 samples. Eleven samples were discordant between the standard culture and PCR techniques which were composed of eight samples negative by culture but positive by PCR and three samples had different bacteria by the culture and PCR techniques. Conclusion: According to this study, broad-range PCR combined with Sanger sequencing might be useful for the detection of dominant anaerobic bacteria in abscesses that were overlooked based on conventional bacterial culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Duangurai
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - C Bumrungpun
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - G Kaewmongkol
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - L Areevijittrakul
- Exotic Pet Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - T Sirinarumitr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S G Fenwick
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Kaewmongkol
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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