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Wen E, Cao Y, He S, Zhang Y, You L, Wang T, Wang Z, He J, Feng Y. The mitochondria-targeted Kaempferol nanoparticle ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:148. [PMID: 38570776 PMCID: PMC10993609 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol (KA), an natural antioxidant of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is extensively used as the primary treatment for inflammatory digestive diseases with impaired redox homeostasis. Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) was exacerbated by mitochondrial dysfunction and abundant ROS, which highlights the role of antioxidants in targeting mitochondrial function. However, low bioavailability and high dosage of KA leading to unavoidable side effects limits clinical transformation. The mechanisms of KA with poor bioavailability largely unexplored, hindering development of the efficient strategies to maximizing the medicinal effects of KA. Here, we engineered a novel thioketals (TK)-modified based on DSPE-PEG2000 liposomal codelivery system for improving bioavailability and avoiding side effects (denotes as DSPE-TK-PEG2000-KA, DTM@KA NPs). We demonstrated that the liposome exerts profound impacts on damaging intracellular redox homeostasis by reducing GSH depletion and activating Nrf2, which synergizes with KA to reinforce the inhibition of inadequate fission, excessive mitochondrial fusion and impaired mitophagy resulting in inflammation and apoptosis; and then, the restored mitochondrial homeostasis strengthens ATP supply for PAC renovation and homeostasis. Interestingly, TK bond was proved as the main functional structure to improve the above efficacy of KA compared with the absence of TK bond. Most importantly, DTM@KA NPs obviously suppresses PAC death with negligible side effects in vitro and vivo. Mechanismly, DTM@KA NPs facilitated STAT6-regulated mitochondrial precursor proteins transport via interacting with TOM20 to further promote Drp1-dependent fission and Pink1/Parkin-regulated mitophagy with enhanced lysosomal degradation for removing damaged mitochondria in PAC and then reduce inflammation and apoptosis. Generally, DTM@KA NPs synergistically improved mitochondrial homeostasis, redox homeostasis, energy metabolism and inflammation response via regulating TOM20-STAT6-Drp1 signaling and promoting mitophagy in SAP. Consequently, such a TCM's active ingredients-based nanomedicine strategy is be expected to be an innovative approach for SAP therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Wen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No 76, Linjiang road, Chongqing, China
- Precision Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No 76, Linjiang road, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwen He
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No 76, Linjiang road, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuezhou Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lanlan You
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No 76, Linjiang road, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingqiu Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No 76, Linjiang road, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No 76, Linjiang road, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jun He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No.278, Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yi Feng
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Lab of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), No 76, Linjiang road, Chongqing, China.
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He K, Gao L, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Hua T, Hu W, Wu D, Ke L. Aggressive versus controlled fluid resuscitation in acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:1166-1173. [PMID: 37185290 PMCID: PMC10278702 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early fluid resuscitation is one of the fundamental treatments for acute pancreatitis (AP), but there is no consensus on the optimal fluid rate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of aggressive vs. controlled fluid resuscitation (CFR) in AP. METHODS The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched up to September 30, 2022, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing aggressive with controlled rates of early fluid resuscitation in AP patients without organ failure on admission. The following keywords were used in the search strategy: "pancreatitis," "fluid therapy,""fluid resuscitation,"and "randomized controlled trial." There was no language restriction. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to control the risk of random errors and assess the conclusions. RESULTS A total of five RCTs, involving 481 participants, were included in this study. For primary outcomes, there was no significant difference in the development of severe AP (relative risk [RR]: 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95-3.68; P = 0.07; n = 437; moderate quality of evidence) or hypovolemia (RR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.32-2.97; P = 0.97; n = 437; moderate quality of evidence) between the aggressive and CFR groups. A significantly higher risk of fluid overload (RR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.53-6.93; P <0.01; n = 249; low quality of evidence) was observed in the aggressive fluid resuscitation (AFR) group than the controlled group. Additionally, the risk of intensive care unit admission ( P = 0.02) and the length of hospital stay ( P <0.01) as partial secondary outcomes were higher in the AFR group. TSA suggested that more studies were required to draw precise conclusions. CONCLUSION For AP patients without organ failure on admission, CFR may be superior to AFR with respect to both efficacy and safety outcomes. REGISTRATION PROSPERO; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ; CRD 42022363945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun He
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Center of Severe Acute Pancreatitis (CSAP), Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210010, China
| | - Zihan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuelun Zhang
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tianrui Hua
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wenmo Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lu Ke
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Center of Severe Acute Pancreatitis (CSAP), Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210010, China
- National Institute of Healthcare Data Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210010, China
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Wang R, Wang Y, Tao Y, Hu L, Qiu Q, Pu Q, Yang J, Wang S, Huang Y, Chen X, Zhu P, Yang H, Xia Q, Du D. Temporal Proteomic and Lipidomic Profiles of Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis Reveal Novel Insights for Metabolic Alterations in the Disease Pathogenesis. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12310-12326. [PMID: 37033809 PMCID: PMC10077560 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanisms of acute pancreatitis (AP) are complex and have remained a mystery to date, but metabolism is gradually recognized as an important driver of AP onset and development. We used a cerulein-induced AP mouse model to conduct liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based time-course proteomics and lipidomics in order to better understand the underlying metabolic alterations linked with AP. Results showed that a series of significant changes in proteins over time with a boost in expression were enriched in lipase activity, lipoprotein, and lipids absorption and transport regulation. Furthermore, 16 proteins associated with lipid metabolism and signaling pathways together with the whole lipid species changing profile led to the vital identification of changing law in glycerides, phosphoglycerides, and free fatty acids. In addition to lipid metabolism and regulation-associated proteins, several digestive enzymes and adaptive anti-trypsin, stress response, and energy metabolism-related proteins showed an increment in abundance. Notably, central carbon and branched chain amino acid metabolism were enhanced during 0-24 h from the first cerulein stimulation. Taken together, this integrated proteomics and lipidomics revealed a novel metabolic insight into metabolites transforming rules that might be relevant to their function and drug targets investigation. (Created with Biorender.com.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- West
China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis
Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China
Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Advanced
Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science
Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- West
China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis
Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China
Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiran Tao
- West
China-California Research Center for Predictive Intervention Medicine,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liqiang Hu
- Advanced
Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science
Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- West
China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis
Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China
Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianlun Pu
- Advanced
Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science
Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Juqin Yang
- Biobank,
West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shisheng Wang
- Proteomics-Metabolomics
Platform of Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Huang
- West
China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis
Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China
Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Animal Experimental
Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- West
China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis
Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China
Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Proteomics-Metabolomics
Platform of Core Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing Xia
- West
China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis
Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China
Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Du
- West
China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated
Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis
Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China
Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan
University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Mukherjee R. An acute need: precision medicine for acute care surgery. BJS Open 2023; 7:7074426. [PMID: 36893286 PMCID: PMC9997769 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Mukherjee
- Liverpool EmerGenT Academy, Emergency General & Major Trauma Surgery, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Fazakerley, Liverpool, UK.,Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Wei Y, Guo J. High Triglyceride-Glucose Index Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:978-987. [PMID: 35731427 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal disease worldwide. Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is characterized as persistent organ failure with a mortality rate as high as 20-30%. Early assessment of the severity and screening out possible SAP is of great significance. Given that there is still a lack of both convenient and practical tools for evaluating SAP, we conducted this study to explore the association between TyG index and acute pancreatitis prognosis. METHODS A total of 353 in-patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis in the Second Hospital of Shandong University were retrospectively enrolled from January 2018 to November 2021 in this study. According to the Atlanta Classification, they were divided into two groups based on the AP severity. Demographic information and clinical materials were retrospectively collected. The TyG index calculation formula is as follows: ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (IBM version 22.0) and Medcalc software. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to investigate independent predictors for SAP. ROC curve was plotted to assess the predictive ability and cutoffs of TyG index. RESULTS A total of 353 AP patients were respectively enrolled in this study, of which 47 suffered from SAP. Compared with the non-SAP group, TyG index was significantly higher in the SAP group (10.44 ± 1.55 vs 9.33 ± 1.44, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that TyG index was an independent risk factor for SAP (OR 1.835, 95% CI 1.380-2.442 P < 0.001), with a cutoff of 8.76 for non-HTG/AAP and 11.81 for HTG/AAP by ROC curve. TyG index of patients who suffered from SIRS, OF, APFC, and ANC was higher than those without (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The triglyceride-glucose index is an independent risk factor for SAP. High TyG index is closely related to SAP and AP-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wei
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jianqiang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China.
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He W, Wang G, Yu B, Xia L, Zhu Y, Liu P, Chen H, Kong R, Zhu Y, Sun B, Lu N. Elevated hypertriglyceridemia and decreased gallstones in the etiological composition ratio of acute pancreatitis as affected by seasons and festivals: A two-center real-world study from China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:976816. [PMID: 36506025 PMCID: PMC9730824 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.976816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to observe the annual variation in the etiology of acute pancreatitis (AP) and its relationship with seasons and festivals. Methods From 2011 to 2017, 5146 adult patients with AP were studied, including 4110 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (South center) and 1036 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (North center). We analyzed the overall annual variation in the etiology of AP and then compared the differences in etiology between the two regions, as well as the effects of seasons and festivals on the etiology of AP. Results Gallstones, hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and alcohol were the top three etiologies of AP. Gallstone AP showed a downward trend (P<0.001), and HTG-AP and alcohol AP showed an upward trend (both P<0.01). Among the etiologies of AP, gallstones and HTG were affected by seasons and festivals. The composition ratio of HTG-AP increased, while gallstone AP decreased in winter and in months with long holidays (all P<0.01). The composition ratio of gallstone AP in the south center was higher than that in the north center (59.5% vs. 49%), especially in summer (62.9% vs. 44.0%) and autumn (61.5% vs. 45.7%, all P<0.001). Conclusions The composition ratio of HTG-AP increased while gallstone AP decreased in the past 7 years, and they were affected by seasons and festivals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Disease Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingjun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Disease Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Disease Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Disease Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Pi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Disease Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Kong
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Disease Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Bei Sun, ; Nonghua Lu,
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pancreatic Disease Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Bei Sun, ; Nonghua Lu,
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Chen Z, Yang X, Guo J, Jin T, Lin Z, Zhu P, Li J, Li L, Sun X, Du D, Jiang K, He Y, Cai F, Li L, Hu C, Tan Q, Huang W, Deng L, Xia Q. AGI grade-guided chaiqin chengqi decoction treatment for predicted moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis (CAP trial): study protocol of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, pragmatic clinical trial. Trials 2022; 23:933. [PMID: 36348365 PMCID: PMC9644559 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06792-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disease with increased incidence globally but without internationally licenced pharmacological therapy. Moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP/SAP) contributes predominately for its morbidities and mortality and has been managed in West China Hospital for decades using the traditional Chinese medicinal formula chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD). The current study tests whether the early administration of CQCQD will result in improved clinical outcomes in predicted MSAP/SAP patients. Methods This is a single-centre, randomised, controlled, double-blind pragmatic clinical trial. AP patients aged 18–75 admitted within 72 h of onset will be assessed at admission for enrolment. We excluded the predicted mild acute pancreatitis (Harmless Acute Pancreatitis Score > 2 at admission) and severe organ failure (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score of respiratory, cardiovascular, or renal systems > 3) at admission. Eligible patients will be randomly allocated on a 1:1 basis to CQCQD or placebo control administration based on conventional therapy. The administration of CQCQD and placebo is guided by the Acute Gastrointestinal Injury grade-based algorithm. The primary outcome measure will be the duration of respiratory failure (SOFA score of respiratory system ≥ 2) within 28 days after onset. Secondary outcome measures include occurrence of new-onset any organ failure (SOFA score of respiratory, cardiovascular, or renal system ≥ 2) and new-onset persistent organ failure (organ failure lasts > 48 h), dynamic surrogate biochemical markers and clinical severity scores, gut-centred treatment modalities, local complications status, intensive care need and duration, surgical interventions, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Follow-up will be scheduled on 6, 12, and 26 weeks after enrolment to assess AP recurrence, local complications, the requirement for surgical interventions, all-cause mortality, and patient-reported outcomes. Discussion The results of this study will provide high-quality evidence to appraise the efficacy of CQCQD for the early management of AP patients. Trial registration Chictr.org.cn Registry (ChiCTR2000034325). Registered on 2 July, 2020. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06792-x.
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He W, Cai W, Yang X, Camilleri G, Zheng X, Wang Q, Li Y, Mukherjee R, Huang W, Sutton R. Insulin or blood purification treatment for hypertriglyceridaemia-associated acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pancreatology 2022; 22:846-857. [PMID: 35981949 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Hypertriglyceridaemia increases risks from acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) over other aetiologies, but optimal management for HTG-AP remains undefined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of insulin-based treatment (IT) versus blood purification treatment (BPT) for HTG-AP. METHODS Searches were conducted to identify randomised trials and observational studies published between 1946 and 2022 that compared IT and BPT for HTG-AP reporting baseline and post-treatment serum triglyceride (TG) levels with clinical outcomes. The primary outcome was serum TG reduction (Δ-TG) from baseline while secondary outcomes included complications, length of stay, adverse events, and cost. RESULTS Fifteen (1 randomised, 2 prospective case-controlled, and 12 retrospective cohort) studies were analysed comprising 909 cases with HTG-AP. Pooled results demonstrated IT was significantly less efficient than BPT in Δ-TG at 24 h (WMD -666.06, 95% CI -1130.18 to -201.94, P = 0.005; 12 studies), at 48 h (WMD -672.60, 95% CI -1233.44 to -111.77; 8 studies), and overall Δ-TG by day 7 (WMD -385.81, 95% CI -711.07 to -60.54; 8 studies) (both P = 0.02). IT, however, was associated with significantly fewer adverse events (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.27, P < 0.0001; 7 studies) and significantly reduced cost (WMD -2.50, 95% CI -3.61 to -1.39, P < 0.00001; 3 studies). Other secondary outcomes were not significantly different between the two regimens (all P ≥ 0.11). In subgroup analysis Δ-TG at 24 h and overall Δ-TG became insignificant, while other results were unaffected. CONCLUSION Our findings support the general use of IT for inpatient management of HTG-AP, restricting BPT to those predicted or found to respond poorly to IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua He
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool and Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Wenhao Cai
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool and Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinmin Yang
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Georgette Camilleri
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool and Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Xi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuying Li
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajarshi Mukherjee
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool and Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Wei Huang
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; West China Biobanks and Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool and Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
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Hey-Hadavi J, Velisetty P, Mhatre S. Trends and recent developments in pharmacotherapy of acute pancreatitis. Postgrad Med 2022; 135:334-344. [PMID: 36305300 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2022.2136390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), a complex inflammatory disease of the pancreas, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Currently, no specific therapies are approved for its treatment, and management is primarily based on supportive care. Despite enhanced understanding of AP pathogenesis, patients remain at significant risk owing to a lack of targeted drug treatments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective pharmacological therapeutic measures which may inhibit the early systemic inflammation, thereby preventing subsequent organ failure. This narrative review summarizes the available treatment options for AP and highlights the potential drug classes and pharmacologic therapies including those under clinical development. Although, several therapies targeting different aspects of AP pathogenesis have been investigated, some therapies with promising preclinical activity have been rendered ineffective in clinical trials. Other novel drug classes or molecules including dabigatran (anticoagulant), ulinastatin (protease inhibitor), infliximab (monoclonal antibody), spautin-A41 (autophagy inhibitor), and CM4620-Injectible Emulsion (calcium channel inhibitor) await further clinical assessment. Alternative treatment options using stem cells and nanoparticles are also being explored and may hold promise for AP therapy. However, challenges for exploring targeted treatment approaches include disease complexity, timing of therapeutic intervention, and establishing appropriate clinical endpoints. Understanding the role of specific biomarkers may help in identifying appropriate targets for drug discovery and facilitate determining relevant clinical study endpoints to monitor disease severity and progression, thereby aiding in design of more precise therapies with improved clinical outcomes.
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Huang Y, Wen Y, Wang R, Hu L, Yang J, Yang J, Pu Q, Han C, Cai W, Peng Y, Wang Y, Jiang H, Hong J, Phillips AR, Fu X, Huang W, Xia Q, Du D. Temporal metabolic trajectory analyzed by LC-MS/MS based targeted metabolomics in acute pancreatitis pathogenesis and Chaiqin Chengqi decoction therapy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153996. [PMID: 35231826 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of pancreas that lacks effective specific drugs as well as gold standard laboratory tests for diagnosis and severity assessment. Chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD) has been proven to alleviate the severity and mortality of AP, but its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. PURPOSE To investigate the correlation between metabolic trajectories of the serum and pancreas, the metabolic pathways with respect to the onset and progression of AP, and investigate the effect of CQCQD in modulating the dysregulated pancreatic metabolism of AP. METHODS Serum and pancreas samples from cerulein-induced AP mice were collected for pathology, biochemical index assessment, LC-MS/MS based metabolomics and functional validation over the course of 1 - 24 h. The temporal trends of pancreatic and serum metabolites in AP were analyzed using Mfuzz clustering algorithm, and their associations were revealed by Pearson correlation analysis. The metabolic trajectories and pathways across multi-timepoints were analyzed by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, and the AP-related metabolic pathways were further screened by metabolite correlation and network interaction analyses. Finally, the changes in metabolite levels and metabolic trajectory after CQCQD therapy were identified, and the altered expression of related metabolic enzymes was verified by RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Amino acid metabolism was significantly altered in the pancreas and serum of AP, but with different trends. The unsynchronized "open" and "closed" metabolic trajectories in pancreas and serumrevealed that metabolic processes occur earlier in peripheral rather than local tissue, with the most obvious changes occuring at 12 h in the pancreas which were also consistent with the inflammation score results. Several amino acid intermediates showed strong positive correlation between serum and pancreas, and therein serum cystathionine was positively correlated to 33 pancreatic metabolites. In particular, the correlations between the levels of pancreatic cystathionine and methionine, serine, and glutathione (GSH) emphasized the importance of trans-sulfuration to GSH metabolism for AP progression. CQCQD treatment reversed the metabolic trajectory of the pancreas, and also restored the levels of cystathionine and glutathione synthase. CONCLUSION Our results have defined a unique time-course metabolic trajectory for AP progression in both the serum and pancreas; it has also revealed a key role of CQCQD in reversing AP-associated metabolic alterations, thus providing new metabolic targets for the treatment and prognosis of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongjian Wen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Wang
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liqiang Hu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinxi Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Juqin Yang
- Biobank, Clinical Research Management Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qianlun Pu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenxia Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenhao Cai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, United Kingdom
| | - Yang Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiwon Hong
- School of Biological Sciences, and Surgical and Translational Research Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Anthony R Phillips
- School of Biological Sciences, and Surgical and Translational Research Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Biobank, Clinical Research Management Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital/West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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11
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Tan Q, Hu C, Chen Z, Jin T, Li L, Zhu P, Ma Y, Lin Z, Chen W, Shi N, Zhang X, Jiang K, Liu T, Yang X, Guo J, Huang W, Pandol SJ, Deng L, Xia Q. Growth differentiation factor 15 is an early predictor for persistent organ failure and mortality in acute pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2022; 22:200-209. [PMID: 34952762 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Early prediction of persistent organ failure (POF) is crucial for patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), also known as macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), is associated with inflammatory responses. We investigated changes in plasma GDF15 and assessed its predictive value in AP. METHODS The study included 290 consecutive patients with AP admitted within 36 h after symptoms onset. Clinical data obtained during hospitalization were collected. Plasma GDF15 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The predictive value of GDF15 for POF was analyzed. RESULTS There were 105 mild, 111 moderately severe, and 74 severe AP patients. Plasma GDF15 peak level were measured on admission, and significantly declined on the 3rd and 7th day. Admission GDF15 predicted POF and mortality with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.847 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.798-0.895) and 0.934 (95% CI 0.887-0.980), respectively. Admission GDF15, Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis, and hematocrit were independent factors for POF by univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the nomogram built on these variables showed good performance (optimism-corrected c-statistic = 0.921). The combined predictive model increased the POF accuracy with an AUC 0.925 (95% CI 0.894-0.956), a net reclassification improvement of 0.3024 (95% CI: 0.1482-0.4565, P < 0.001), and an integrated discrimination index of 0.11 (95% CI 0.0497-0.1703; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Plasma GDF15 measured within 48 h of symptom onset could help predict POF and mortality in AP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Tan
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyao Chen
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Jin
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Li
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Ma
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqi Lin
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Subei People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Na Shi
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Guo
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Huang
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lihui Deng
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qing Xia
- From Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Yang X, Zhang R, Jin T, Zhu P, Yao L, Li L, Cai W, Mukherjee R, Du D, Fu X, Xue J, Martina R, Liu T, Pendharkar S, Phillips AR, Singh VK, Sutton R, Windsor JA, Deng L, Xia Q, Huang W. Stress Hyperglycemia Is Independently Associated with Persistent Organ Failure in Acute Pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:1879-1889. [PMID: 33939149 PMCID: PMC9142444 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Stress hyperglycemia is common in critical illness but it has not been clearly studied in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aimed to investigate the specific blood glucose (BG) level that defines stress hyperglycemia and to determine the impact of stress hyperglycemia on clinical outcomes in AP patients. METHODS AP patients admitted ≤ 48 h after abdominal pain onset were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were stratified by pre-existing diabetes and stress hyperglycemia was defined using stratified BG levels for non-diabetes and diabetes with clinical outcomes compared. RESULTS There were 967 non-diabetic and 114 diabetic (10.5%) patients met the inclusion criteria and the clinical outcomes between these two groups were not significantly different. In non-diabetes, the cut-off BG level of ≥ 180 mg/dl was selected to define stress hyperglycemia with an 8.8-fold higher odds ratio for persistent organ failure (POF) (95% CI 5.4-14.3; P < 0.001). For diabetes, ≥ 300 mg/dl was selected with a 7.5-fold higher odds ratio for POF (95% CI 1.7-34.3; P = 0.009). In multivariable logistic regression, stress hyperglycemia was independently associated with POF, acute necrotic collection, major infection and mortality. The combination of BG and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) score in predicting POF was better than SIRS or Glasgow score alone. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a cut-off BG level of ≥ 180 mg/dl and ≥ 300 mg/dl was optimal to define stress hyperglycemia for non-diabetic and diabetic AP patients, respectively. There was a significant relationship between stress hyperglycemia and adverse clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Yang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Ruwen Zhang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Linbo Yao
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Lan Li
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Wenhao Cai
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China ,Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rajarshi Mukherjee
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Reynaldo Martina
- Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Sayali Pendharkar
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony R. Phillips
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand ,Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vikesh K. Singh
- Pancreatitis Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, USA
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John A. Windsor
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lihui Deng
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
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13
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Han C, Du D, Wen Y, Li J, Wang R, Jin T, Yang J, Shi N, Jiang K, Deng L, Fu X, Mukherjee R, Windsor JA, Hong J, Phillips AR, Sutton R, Huang W, Liu T, Xia Q. Chaiqin chengqi decoction ameliorates acute pancreatitis in mice via inhibition of neuron activation-mediated acinar cell SP/NK1R signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114029. [PMID: 33731310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD) and its derivatives have been widely used in China for the early management of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Numerous studies demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of CQCQD and derivatives, but whether these effects can be attributed to suppressing neurogenic inflammation, has never been studied. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects of CQCQD on substance P (SP)-neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) based neurogenic inflammation in an experimental AP model. MATERIAL AND METHODS For AP patients on admission, pain score was accessed by visual analog scale (VAS); the levels of serum SP and expressions of pancreatic SP and NK1R were also determined. For in vivo study, mice received 7 intraperitoneal injections of cerulein (50 μg/kg) at hourly intervals to induce AP, whilst controls received normal saline injections. In the treatment groups, CQCQD (10 g/kg, 200 μl) was intragastrically given at the third, fifth, and seventh of the cerulein injection or the NK1R antagonist CP96345 (5 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 30 min before the first cerulein administration. The von Frey test was performed to evaluate pain behavior. Animals were sacrificed at 12 h from the first cerulein/saline injection for severity assessment. Pharmacology network analysis was used to identify active ingredients of CQCQD for AP and pain. In vitro, freshly isolated pancreatic acinar cells were pre-treated with CQCQD (5 mg/ml), CP96345 (1 μM), or selected active compounds of CQCQD (12.5, 25, and 50 μM) for 30 min, followed by SP incubation for another 30 min. RESULTS The VAS score as well as the levels of serum SP and expressions of pancreatic SP-NK1R were up-regulated in moderately severe and severe patients compared with those with mild disease. CQCQD, but not CP96345, consistently and significantly ameliorated pain, pancreatic necrosis, and systemic inflammation in cerulein-induced AP as well as inhibited NK1R internalization of pancreatic acinar cells. These effects of CQCQD were associated with reduction of pancreatic SP-NK1R and neuron activity in pancreas, dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord. Baicalin, emodin, and magnolol, the top 3 active components of CQCQD identified via pharmacology network analysis, suppressed NK1R internalization and NF-κB signal pathway activation in isolated pancreatic acinar cells. CONCLUSIONS CQCQD ameliorated cerulein-induced AP and its associated pain via inhibiting neuron activation-mediated pancreatic acinar cell SP-NK1R signaling pathways and its active compounds baicalin, emodin, and magnolol contributed to this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongjian Wen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiawang Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Core Research Facilities, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Shi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lihui Deng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rajarshi Mukherjee
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - John A Windsor
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Jiwon Hong
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand; Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Anthony R Phillips
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand; Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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14
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Swentek L, Chung D, Ichii H. Antioxidant Therapy in Pancreatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:657. [PMID: 33922756 PMCID: PMC8144986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatitis is pathologic inflammation of the pancreas characterized by acinar cell destruction and oxidative stress. Repeated pancreatic insults can result in the development of chronic pancreatitis, characterized by irreversible fibrosis of the pancreas and many secondary sequelae, ultimately leading to the loss of this important organ. We review acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatitis-related complications. We take a close look at the pathophysiology with a focus on oxidative stress and how it contributes to the complications of the disease. We also take a deep dive into the evolution and current status of advanced therapies for management including dietary modification, antioxidant supplementation, and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Nrf2-keap1) pathway activation. In addition, we discuss the surgeries aimed at managing pain and preventing further endocrine dysfunction, such as total pancreatectomy with islet auto-transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hirohito Ichii
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (L.S.); (D.C.)
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15
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Yang X, Yao L, Fu X, Mukherjee R, Xia Q, Jakubowska MA, Ferdek PE, Huang W. Experimental Acute Pancreatitis Models: History, Current Status, and Role in Translational Research. Front Physiol 2020; 11:614591. [PMID: 33424638 PMCID: PMC7786374 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.614591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a potentially severe inflammatory disease that may be associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality. Currently there is no specific treatment for the disease, which indicates an ongoing demand for research into its pathogenesis and development of new therapeutic strategies. Due to the unpredictable course of acute pancreatitis and relatively concealed anatomical site in the retro-peritoneum, research on the human pancreas remains challenging. As a result, for over the last 100 years studies on the pathogenesis of this disease have heavily relied on animal models. This review aims to summarize different animal models of acute pancreatitis from the past to present and discuss their main characteristics and applications. It identifies key studies that have enhanced our current understanding of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and highlights the instrumental role of animal models in translational research for developing novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linbo Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajarshi Mukherjee
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Pawel E. Ferdek
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li L, Jin T, Wen S, Shi N, Zhang R, Zhu P, Lin Z, Jiang K, Guo J, Liu T, Philips A, Deng L, Yang X, Singh VK, Sutton R, Windsor JA, Huang W, Xia Q. Early Rapid Fluid Therapy Is Associated with Increased Rate of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation in Hemoconcentrated Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2700-2711. [PMID: 31912265 PMCID: PMC7419345 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05985-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Hematocrit is a widely used biomarker to guide early fluid therapy for patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), but there is controversy over whether early rapid fluid therapy (ERFT) should be used in hemoconcentrated patients. This study investigated the association of hematocrit and ERFT with clinical outcomes of patients with AP. METHODS Data from prospectively maintained AP database and retrospectively collected fluid management details were stratified according to actual severity defined by revised Atlanta classification. Hemoconcentration and "early" were defined as hematocrit > 44% and the first 6 h of general ward admission, respectively, and "rapid" fluid rate was defined as ≥ 3 ml/kg/h. Patients were allocated into 4 groups for comparisons: group A, hematocrit ≤ 44% and fluid rate < 3 ml/kg/h; group B, hematocrit ≤ 44% and fluid rate ≥ 3 ml/kg/h; group C, hematocrit > 44% and fluid rate < 3 ml/kg/h; and group D, hematocrit > 44% and fluid rate ≥ 3 ml/kg/h. Primary outcome was rate of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV). RESULTS A total of 912 consecutive AP patients were analyzed. ERFT has no impact on clinical outcomes of hemoconcentrated, non-severe or all non-hemoconcentrated AP patients. In hemoconcentrated patients with severe AP (SAP), ERFT was accompanied with increased risk of NPPV (odds ratio 5.96, 95% CI 1.57-22.6). Multivariate regression analyses confirmed ERFT and hemoconcentration were significantly and independently associated with persistent organ failure and mortality in patients with SAP. CONCLUSIONS ERFT is associated with increased rate of NPPV in hemoconcentrated patients with SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Li
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Si Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yichang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichang, China
| | - Na Shi
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Ruwen Zhang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Ziqi Lin
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Anthony Philips
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lihui Deng
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Vikesh K. Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pancreatitis Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, USA
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John A. Windsor
- Surgical and Translational Research Center, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wei Huang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Wannan Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan Province China
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Chaiqin chengqi decoction alleviates severity of acute pancreatitis via inhibition of TLR4 and NLRP3 inflammasome: Identification of bioactive ingredients via pharmacological sub-network analysis and experimental validation. PHYTOMEDICINE 2020; 79:153328. [PMID: 33007730 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chaiqin chengqi decoction (CQCQD) is a Chinese herbal formula derived from dachengqi decoction. CQCQD has been used for the management of acute pancreatitis (AP) in the West China Hospital for more than 30 years. Although CQCQD has a well-established clinical efficacy, little is known about its bioactive ingredients, how they interact with different therapeutic targets and the pathways to produce anti-inflammatory effects. PURPOSE Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, play a central role in AP in determining the extent of pancreatic injury and systemic inflammation. In this study, we screened the bioactive ingredients using a pharmacological sub-network analysis based on the TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathways followed by experimental validation. METHODS The main CQCQD bioactive compounds were identified by UPLC-QTOF/MS. The TLR4/NLRP3 targets in AP for CQCQD active ingredients were confirmed through a pharmacological sub-network analysis. Mice received 7 intraperitoneal injections of cerulein (50 μg/kg; hourly) to induce AP (CER-AP), while oral gavage of CQCQD (5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg; 3 doses, 2 hourly) was commenced at the 3rd injection of cerulein. Histopathology and biochemical indices were used for assessing AP severity, while polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses were used to study the mechanisms. Identified active CQCQD compounds were further validated in freshly isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells and cultured RAW264.7 macrophages. RESULTS The main compounds from CQCQD belonged to flavonoids, iridoids, phenols, lignans, anthraquinones and corresponding glycosides. The sub-network analysis revealed that emodin, rhein, baicalin and chrysin were the compounds most relevant for directly regulating the TLR4/NLRP3-related proteins TLR4, RelA, NF-κB and TNF-α. In vivo, CQCQD attenuated the pancreatic injury and systemic inflammation of CER-AP and was associated with reduced expression of TLR4/NLRP3-related mRNAs and proteins. Emodin, rhein, baicalin and chrysin significantly diminished pancreatic acinar cell necrosis with varied effects on suppressing the expression of TLR4/NLRP3-related mRNAs. Emodin, rhein and chrysin also decreased nitric oxide production in macrophages and their combination had synergistic effects on alleviating cell death as well as expression of TLR4/NLRP3-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS CQCQD attenuated the severity of AP at least in part by inhibiting the TLR4/NLRP3 pro-inflammatory pathways. Its active ingredients, emodin, baicalin, rhein and chrysin contributed to these beneficial effects.
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Jin T, Li L, Deng L, Wen S, Zhang R, Shi N, Zhu P, Lan L, Lin Z, Jiang K, Guo J, Liu T, Philips A, Yang X, Singh VK, Sutton R, Windsor JA, Huang W, Xia Q. Hemoconcentration is associated with early faster fluid rate and increased risk of persistent organ failure in acute pancreatitis patients. JGH Open 2020; 4:684-691. [PMID: 32782957 PMCID: PMC7411661 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controversies existed surrounding the use of hematocrit to guide early fluid therapy in acute pancreatitis (AP). The association between hematocrit, early fluid therapy, and clinical outcomes in ward AP patients needs to be investigated. METHODS Data from prospectively maintained AP database and retrospectively collected details of fluid therapy were analyzed. Patients were stratified into three groups: Group 1, hematocrit < 44% both at admission and at 24 h thereafter; Group 2: regardless of admission level, hematocrit increased and >44% at 24 h; Group 3: hematocrit >44% on admission and decreased thereafter during first 24 h. "Early" means first 24 h after admission. Baseline characteristics, early fluid rates, and clinical outcomes of the three groups were compared. RESULTS Among the 628 patients, Group 3 had a higher hematocrit level, greater baseline predicted severity, faster fluid rate, and more fluid volume in the first 24 h compared with Group 1 or 2. Group 3 had an increased risk for persistent organ failure (POF; odds ratio 2, 95% confidence interval [1.1-3.8], P = 0.03) compared with Group 1 after adjusting for difference in baseline clinical severity scores, there was no difference between Group 2 and Group 3 or Group 1. Multivariate regression analyses revealed that hemoconcentration and early faster fluid rate were risk factors for POF and mortality (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Hemoconcentration is associated with faster fluid rate and POF in ward AP patients. Randomized trials comparing standardized early fast and slow fluid management is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jin
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lan Li
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lihui Deng
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Si Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismYichang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineYichangChina
| | - Ruwen Zhang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Na Shi
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lan Lan
- West China Biomedical Big Data Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ziqi Lin
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Kun Jiang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jia Guo
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Anthony Philips
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Vikesh K Singh
- Pancreatitis Centre, Division of GastroenterologyJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreUSA
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - John A Windsor
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Wei Huang
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qing Xia
- Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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19
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Ma X, Jin T, Han C, Shi N, Liang G, Wen Y, Yang J, Fu X, Lan T, Jiang K, Nunes QM, Chvanov M, Criddle DN, Philips AR, Deng L, Liu T, Windsor JA, Sutton R, Du D, Huang W, Xia Q. Aqueous extraction from dachengqi formula granules reduces the severity of mouse acute pancreatitis via inhibition of pancreatic pro-inflammatory signalling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112861. [PMID: 32315735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dachengqi decoction (DCQD) belongs to a family of purgative herbal formulas widely used in China for the treatment of acute pancreatitis (AP). AP is a prevalent digestive disease currently without an effective pharmacological intervention. Formula granules have become the preferred method for delivery of herbal formulation in China given its benefit of potency retention, dosing precision and ease of use. The efficacy of DCQD formula granules (DFGs) in experimental AP models has not been investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY To analyse and compare the differences in chemical composition of DFGs, with their aqueous extraction (AE) and chloroform extraction (CE) derivatives. To assess their efficacy on severity and targeted pancreatic pro-inflammatory signalling pathways in freshly isolated acinar cells and two models of experimental AP. MATERIAL AND METHODS UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to analyse chemical components of DFGs and their extractions. Freshly isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells were treated with taurolithocholic acid 3-sulphate disodium salt (TLCS, 500 μM) with or without DFGs, AE and CE. Apoptotic and necrotic cell death pathway activation was measured by caspase 3/7 (10 μl/mL) and propidium iodide (PI, 1 μM), respectively, using a fluorescent plate reader. Necrotic acinar cells were also counted by epifluorescence microscopy. Mice received either 7 intraperitoneal injections of caerulein (50 μg/kg) at hourly intervals or retrograde infusion of TLCS (3 mM, 50 μl) to induce AP (CER-AP and TLCS-AP, respectively). In CER-AP, mice received oral gavage of DFGs (2.1, 4.2 and 5.2 g/kg), AE (0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 g/kg) and CE (4, 9 and 17 mg/kg), or matched DFGs (1.8 g/kg) and AE (1 g/kg) for 3 times at 2-hourly intervals, or a single intraperitoneal injection of DCQD-related monomers rhein (20 mg/kg), narigeinine (25 mg/kg), and honokiol (5 mg/kg) begun at the 3rd injection of caerulein. In TLCS-AP, DFGs (4.2 g/kg) were given orally at 1, 3 and 5 h post-surgery. Disease severity and pancreatic pro-inflammatory markers were determined. RESULTS The main effective anthraquinones and their glycosides, flavonoids and their glycosides, polyphenols and lignans were found in the DFGs. A higher proportion of polar components including glycosides attached to anthraquinones, phenols and flavonoids was found in AE. Conversely, lower polar components containing methoxy substituted flavonoids and anthraquinones were more abundant in CE. DFGs were given at 4.2 g/kg, a consistent reduction in the pancreatic histopathology score and severity indices was observed in both CER-AP and TLCS-AP. In vitro, AE significantly reduced both apoptotic and necrotic cell death pathway activation, while CE increased TLCS-induced acinar cell necrosis. In vivo, AE at dose of 1.2 g/kg consistently reduced pancreatic histopathological scores and myeloperoxidase in the CER-AP that were associated with suppressed expression of pro-inflammatory meditator mRNAs and proteins. CE increased lung myeloperoxidase and failed to protect against CER-AP in all dosages. AE was demonstrated to be more effective than DFGs in reducing pancreatic histopathological scores and myeloperoxidase. CONCLUSIONS AE from DFGs alleviated the severity of mouse AP models via an inhibition of pancreatic pro-inflammatory signalling pathways. Efficacy of AE on experimental AP was more potent than its original DFGs and DCQD monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Ma
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Chenxia Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Shi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ge Liang
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongjian Wen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand; Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Quentin M Nunes
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Chvanov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - David N Criddle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony R Philips
- Applied Surgery and Metabolism Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Lihui Deng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - John A Windsor
- Surgical and Translational Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Robert Sutton
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Du
- West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Liverpool Pancreatitis Study Group, Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, United Kingdom.
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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