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Kunz HH, Armbruster U, Mühlbauer S, de Vries J, Davis GA. Chloroplast ion homeostasis - what do we know and where should we go? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:543-559. [PMID: 38515227 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Plant yields heavily depend on proper macro- and micronutrient supply from the soil. In the leaf cells, nutrient ions fulfill specific roles in biochemical reactions, especially photosynthesis housed in the chloroplast. Here, a well-balanced ion homeostasis is maintained by a number of ion transport proteins embedded in the envelope and thylakoid membranes. Ten years ago, the first alkali metal transporters from the K+ EFFLUX ANTIPORTER family were discovered in the model plant Arabidopsis. Since then, our knowledge about the physiological importance of these carriers and their substrates has greatly expanded. New insights into the role of alkali ions in plastid gene expression and photoprotective mechanisms, both prerequisites for plant productivity in natural environments, were gained. The discovery of a Cl- channel in the thylakoid and several additional plastid alkali and alkali metal transport proteins have advanced the field further. Nevertheless, scientists still have long ways to go before a complete systemic understanding of the chloroplast's ion transportome will emerge. In this Tansley review, we highlight and discuss the achievements of the last decade. More importantly, we make recommendations on what areas to prioritize, so the field can reach the next milestones. One area, laid bare by our similarity-based comparisons among phototrophs is our lack of knowledge what ion transporters are used by cyanobacteria to buffer photosynthesis fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Henning Kunz
- Plant Biochemistry, Biology, LMU Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ute Armbruster
- Institute of Molecular Photosynthesis, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CEPLAS - Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Mühlbauer
- Plant Biochemistry, Biology, LMU Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jan de Vries
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Campus Institute Data Science (CIDAS), University of Goettingen, Goldschmidtstr. 1, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Geoffry A Davis
- Plant Biochemistry, Biology, LMU Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Balfagón D, Pascual LS, Sengupta S, Halliday KJ, Gómez-Cadenas A, Peláez-Vico MÁ, Sinha R, Mittler R, Zandalinas SI. WRKY48 negatively regulates plant acclimation to a combination of high light and heat stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1642-1655. [PMID: 38315509 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Plants growing under natural conditions experience high light (HL) intensities that are often accompanied by elevated temperatures. These conditions could affect photosynthesis, reduce yield, and negatively impact agricultural productivity. The combination of different abiotic challenges creates a new type of stress for plants by generating complex environmental conditions that often exceed the impact of their individual parts. Transcription factors (TFs) play a key role in integrating the different molecular signals generated by multiple stress conditions, orchestrating the acclimation response of plants to stress. In this study, we show that the TF WRKY48 negatively controls the acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana plants to a combination of HL and heat stress (HL + HS), and its expression is attenuated by jasmonic acid under HL + HS conditions. Using comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses between wild-type and wrky48 mutants, we further demonstrate that under control conditions, WRKY48 represses the expression of a set of transcripts that are specifically required for the acclimation of plants to HL + HS, hence its suppression during the HL + HS stress combination contributes to plant survival under these conditions. Accordingly, mutants that lack WRKY48 are more resistant to HL + HS, and transgenic plants that overexpress WRKY48 are more sensitive to it. Taken together, our findings reveal that WRKY48 is a negative regulator of the transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis to HL + HS and provide new insights into the complex regulatory networks of plant acclimation to stress combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Balfagón
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 3H9 3BF, UK
| | - Lidia S Pascual
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - Soham Sengupta
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Karen J Halliday
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, 3H9 3BF, UK
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Peláez-Vico
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ranjita Sinha
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Sara I Zandalinas
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castellón, Spain
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Karunarathne SD, Han Y, Zhang XQ, Li C. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and natural variation analysis demonstrate the potential for HvARE1 in improvement of nitrogen use efficiency in barley. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:756-770. [PMID: 35014191 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is a major determinant of grain yield and quality. As excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer leads to environmental pollution and high production costs, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is fundamental for a sustainable agriculture. Here, we dissected the role of the barley abnormal cytokinin response1 repressor 1 (HvARE1) gene, a candidate for involvement in NUE previously identified in a genome-wide association study, through natural variation analysis and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene editing. HvARE1 was predominantly expressed in leaves and shoots, with very low expression in roots under low nitrogen conditions. Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of immature embryos (cv. Golden Promise) with single guide RNAs targeting HvARE1 generated 22 T0 plants, from which four T1 lines harbored missense and/or frameshift mutations based on genotyping. Mutant are1 lines exhibited an increase in plant height, tiller number, grain protein content, and yield. Moreover, we observed a 1.5- to 2.8-fold increase in total chlorophyll content in the flag leaf at the grain filling stage. Delayed senescence by 10-14 d was also observed in mutant lines. Barley are1 mutants had high nitrogen content in shoots under low nitrogen conditions. These findings demonstrate the potential of ARE1 in NUE improvement in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakura D Karunarathne
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Yong Han
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth, WA, 6151, Australia
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Perth, WA, 6151, Australia
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Trinh MDL, Masuda S. Chloroplast pH Homeostasis for the Regulation of Photosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:919896. [PMID: 35693183 PMCID: PMC9174948 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.919896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The pH of various chloroplast compartments, such as the thylakoid lumen and stroma, is light-dependent. Light illumination induces electron transfer in the photosynthetic apparatus, coupled with proton translocation across the thylakoid membranes, resulting in acidification and alkalization of the thylakoid lumen and stroma, respectively. Luminal acidification is crucial for inducing regulatory mechanisms that protect photosystems against photodamage caused by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Stromal alkalization activates enzymes involved in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle. Moreover, proton translocation across the thylakoid membranes generates a proton gradient (ΔpH) and an electric potential (ΔΨ), both of which comprise the proton motive force (pmf) that drives ATP synthase. Then, the synthesized ATP is consumed in the CBB cycle and other chloroplast metabolic pathways. In the dark, the pH of both the chloroplast stroma and thylakoid lumen becomes neutral. Despite extensive studies of the above-mentioned processes, the molecular mechanisms of how chloroplast pH can be maintained at proper levels during the light phase for efficient activation of photosynthesis and other metabolic pathways and return to neutral levels during the dark phase remain largely unclear, especially in terms of the precise control of stromal pH. The transient increase and decrease in chloroplast pH upon dark-to-light and light-to-dark transitions have been considered as signals for controlling other biological processes in plant cells. Forward and reverse genetic screening approaches recently identified new plastid proteins involved in controlling ΔpH and ΔΨ across the thylakoid membranes and chloroplast proton/ion homeostasis. These proteins have been conserved during the evolution of oxygenic phototrophs and include putative photosynthetic protein complexes, proton transporters, and/or their regulators. Herein, we summarize the recently identified protein players that control chloroplast pH and influence photosynthetic efficiency in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Duy Luu Trinh
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shinji Masuda
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shinji Masuda,
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Cainelli N, Forestan C, Angeli D, Villegas TR, Costa F, Botton A, Rasori A, Bonghi C, Ruperti B. Transcriptomic Insights on the Preventive Action of Apple (cv Granny Smith) Skin Wounding on Superficial Scald Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413425. [PMID: 34948219 PMCID: PMC8705499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Superficial scald is a post-harvest chilling storage injury leading to browning of the surface of the susceptible cv Granny Smith apples. Wounding of skins has been reported to play a preventive role on scald development however its underlying molecular factors are unknown. We have artificially wounded the epidermal and sub-epidermal layers of apple skins consistently obtaining the prevention of superficial scald in the surroundings of the wounds during two independent vintages. Time course RNA-Seq analyses of the transcriptional changes in wounded versus unwounded skins revealed that two transcriptional waves occurred. An early wave included genes up-regulated by wounding already after 6 h, highlighting a specific transcriptional rearrangement of genes connected to the biosynthesis and signalling of JA, ethylene and ABA. A later transcriptional wave, occurring after three months of cold storage, included genes up-regulated exclusively in unwounded skins and was prevented from its occurrence in wounded skins. A significant portion of these genes was related to decay of tissues and to the senescence hormones ABA, JA and ethylene. Such changes suggest a wound-inducible reversed hormonal balance during post-harvest storage which may explain the local inhibition of scald in wounded tissues, an aspect that will need further studies for its mechanistic explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Cainelli
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università di Padova, 35122 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (N.C.); (A.B.); (A.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristian Forestan
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Alimentari, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, BO, Italy;
| | - Dario Angeli
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Centro di Trasferimento Tecnologico, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, TN, Italy; (D.A.); (T.R.V.)
| | - Tomas Roman Villegas
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Centro di Trasferimento Tecnologico, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, TN, Italy; (D.A.); (T.R.V.)
| | - Fabrizio Costa
- Centro Agricoltura Alimenti Ambiente, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, TN, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Botton
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università di Padova, 35122 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (N.C.); (A.B.); (A.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Angela Rasori
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università di Padova, 35122 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (N.C.); (A.B.); (A.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università di Padova, 35122 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (N.C.); (A.B.); (A.R.); (C.B.)
| | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente, Università di Padova, 35122 Legnaro, PD, Italy; (N.C.); (A.B.); (A.R.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Trinh MDL, Hashimoto A, Kono M, Takaichi S, Nakahira Y, Masuda S. Lack of plastid-encoded Ycf10, a homolog of the nuclear-encoded DLDG1 and the cyanobacterial PxcA, enhances the induction of non-photochemical quenching in tobacco. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e368. [PMID: 34938941 PMCID: PMC8671777 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
pH homeostasis in the chloroplast is crucial for the control of photosynthesis and other metabolic processes in plants. Recently, nuclear-encoded Day-Length-dependent Delayed Greening1 (DLDG1) and Fluctuating-Light Acclimation Protein1 (FLAP1) that are required for the light-inducible optimization of plastidial pH in Arabidopsis thaliana were identified. DLDG1 and FLAP1 homologs are specifically conserved in oxygenic phototrophs, and a DLDG1 homolog, Ycf10, is encoded in the chloroplast genome in plant cells. However, the function of Ycf10 and its physiological significance are unknown. To address this, we constructed ycf10 tobacco Nicotiana tabacum mutants and characterized their phenotypes. The ycf10 tobacco mutants grown under continuous-light conditions showed a pale-green phenotype only in developing leaves, and it was suppressed in short-day conditions. The ycf10 mutants also induced excessive non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) compared with those in the wild-type at the induction stage of photosynthesis. These phenotypes resemble those of Arabidopsis dldg1 mutants, suggesting that they have similar functions. However, there are distinct differences between the two mutant phenotypes: The highly induced NPQ in tobacco ycf10 and the Arabidopsis dldg1 mutants are diminished and enhanced, respectively, with increasing duration of the fluctuating actinic-light illumination. Ycf10 and DLDG1 were previously shown to localize in chloroplast envelope-membranes, suggesting that Ycf10 and DLDG1 differentially control H+ exchange across these membranes in a light-dependent manner to control photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Duy Luu Trinh
- Department of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan
| | - Akira Hashimoto
- Department of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan
| | - Masaru Kono
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Shinichi Takaichi
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyTokyo University of AgricultureTokyoJapan
| | | | - Shinji Masuda
- Department of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan
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Barcytė D, Eikrem W, Engesmo A, Seoane S, Wohlmann J, Horák A, Yurchenko T, Eliáš M. Olisthodiscus represents a new class of Ochrophyta. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:1094-1118. [PMID: 33655496 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The phylogenetic diversity of Ochrophyta, a diverse and ecologically important radiation of algae, is still incompletely understood even at the level of the principal lineages. One taxon that has eluded simple classification is the marine flagellate genus Olisthodiscus. We investigated Olisthodiscus luteus K-0444 and documented its morphological and genetic differences from the NIES-15 strain, which we described as Olisthodiscus tomasii sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses of combined 18S and 28S rRNA sequences confirmed that Olisthodiscus constitutes a separate, deep, ochrophyte lineage, but its position could not be resolved. To overcome this problem, we sequenced the plastid genome of O. luteus K-0444 and used the new data in multigene phylogenetic analyses, which suggested that Olisthodiscus is a sister lineage of the class Pinguiophyceae within a broader clade additionally including Chrysophyceae, Synchromophyceae, and Eustigmatophyceae. Surprisingly, the Olisthodiscus plastid genome contained three genes, ycf80, cysT, and cysW, inherited from the rhodophyte ancestor of the ochrophyte plastid yet lost from all other ochrophyte groups studied so far. Combined with nuclear genes for CysA and Sbp proteins, Olisthodiscus is the only known ochrophyte possessing a plastidial sulfate transporter SulT. In addition, the finding of a cemA gene in the Olisthodiscus plastid genome and an updated phylogenetic analysis ruled out the previously proposed hypothesis invoking horizontal cemA transfer from a green algal plastid into Synurales. Altogether, Olisthodiscus clearly represents a novel phylogenetically distinct ochrophyte lineage, which we have proposed as a new class, Olisthodiscophyceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovilė Barcytė
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Wenche Eikrem
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadallèen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
- Natural history Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anette Engesmo
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadallèen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sergio Seoane
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Jens Wohlmann
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aleš Horák
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tatiana Yurchenko
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Eliáš
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Yu HW, Lu ZH, Wang X, Liu D, He JX, Jiang XL, Ke LJ, Guo WW, Deng XX, Xu Q. Identification of a delayed leaf greening gene from a mutation of pummelo. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 64:1165-1173. [PMID: 33009992 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Delayed greening of young leaves is an unusual phenomenon of plants in nature. Citrus are mostly evergreen tree species. Here, a natural mutant of "Guanxi" pummelo (Citrus maxima), which shows yellow leaves at the young stage, was characterized to identify the genes underlying the trait of delayed leaf greening in plants. A segregating population with this mutant as the seed parent and a normal genotype as the pollen parent was generated. Two DNA pools respectively from the leaves of segregating seedlings with extreme phenotypes of normal leaf greening and delayed leaf greening were collected for sequencing. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and InDel marker analysis demonstrated that the delayed leaf greening trait is governed by a 0.3 Mb candidate region on chromosome 6. Gene expression analysis further identified a key candidate gene (Citrus Delayed Greening gene 1, CDG1) in the 0.3 Mb region, which showed significantly differential expression between the genotypes with delayed and normal leaf greening phenotypes. There was a 67 bp InDel region difference in the CDG1 promoter and the InDel region contains a TATA-box element. Confocal laser-scanning microscopy revealed that the CDG1-GFP fusion protein signals were co-localized with the chloroplast signals in the protoplasts. Overexpression of CDG1 in tobacco and Arabidopsis led to the phenotype of delayed leaf greening. These results suggest that the CDG1 gene is involved in controlling the delayed leaf greening phenotype with important functions in chloroplast development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plants with Fujian and Taiwan Characteristics of Fujian Colleges and Universities, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jia-Xian He
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ling-Jun Ke
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plants with Fujian and Taiwan Characteristics of Fujian Colleges and Universities, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Wen-Wu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiu-Xin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Luu Trinh MD, Miyazaki D, Ono S, Nomata J, Kono M, Mino H, Niwa T, Okegawa Y, Motohashi K, Taguchi H, Hisabori T, Masuda S. The evolutionary conserved iron-sulfur protein TCR controls P700 oxidation in photosystem I. iScience 2021; 24:102059. [PMID: 33554065 PMCID: PMC7848650 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In natural habitats, plants have developed sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to optimize the photosynthetic electron transfer rate at the maximum efficiency and cope with the changing environments. Maintaining proper P700 oxidation at photosystem I (PSI) is the common denominator for most regulatory processes of photosynthetic electron transfers. However, the molecular complexes and cofactors involved in these processes and their function(s) have not been fully clarified. Here, we identified a redox-active chloroplast protein, the triplet-cysteine repeat protein (TCR). TCR shared similar expression profiles with known photosynthetic regulators and contained two triplet-cysteine motifs (CxxxCxxxC). Biochemical analysis indicated that TCR localizes in chloroplasts and has a [3Fe-4S] cluster. Loss of TCR limited the electron sink downstream of PSI during dark-to-light transition. Arabidopsis pgr5-tcr double mutant reduced growth significantly and showed unusual oxidation and reduction of plastoquinone pool. These results indicated that TCR is involved in electron flow(s) downstream of PSI, contributing to P700 oxidation. P700 oxidation at photosystem I is important for regulation of photosynthesis TCR is a redox active chloroplast protein harboring a 3Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster TCR controls electron flow around photosystem I, contributing to P700 oxidation
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Duy Luu Trinh
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Daichi Miyazaki
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Sumire Ono
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Jiro Nomata
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Masaru Kono
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mino
- Division of Materials Science (Physics), Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Niwa
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Okegawa
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Ken Motohashi
- Department of Frontier Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Hideki Taguchi
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Toru Hisabori
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shinji Masuda
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
- Corresponding author
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10
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Aranda Sicilia MN, Sánchez Romero ME, Rodríguez Rosales MP, Venema K. Plastidial transporters KEA1 and KEA2 at the inner envelope membrane adjust stromal pH in the dark. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:2080-2090. [PMID: 33111995 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis and carbon fixation depend critically on the regulation of pH in chloroplast compartments in the daylight and at night. While it is established that an alkaline stroma is required for carbon fixation, it is not known how alkaline stromal pH is formed, maintained or regulated. We tested whether two envelope transporters, AtKEA1 and AtKEA2, directly affected stromal pH in isolated Arabidopsis chloroplasts using the fluorescent probe 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). External K+ -induced alkalinization of the stroma was observed in chloroplasts from wild-type (WT) plants but not from kea1kea2 mutants, suggesting that KEA1 and KEA2 mediate K+ uptake/H+ loss to modulate stromal pH. While light-stimulated alkalinization of the stroma was independent of KEA1 and KEA2, the rate of decay to neutral pH in the dark is delayed in kea1kea2 mutants. However, the dark-induced loss of a pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane was similar in WT and mutant chloroplasts. This indicates that proton influx from the cytosol mediated by envelope K+ /H+ antiporters contributes to adjustment of stromal pH upon light to dark transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Nieves Aranda Sicilia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain
| | - María Elena Sánchez Romero
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain
| | - María Pilar Rodríguez Rosales
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain
| | - Kees Venema
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, C/ Profesor Albareda 1, Granada, 18008, Spain
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Inago H, Sato R, Masuda S. Regulation of light-induced H + extrusion and uptake by cyanobacterial homologs of the plastidial FLAP1, DLDG1, and Ycf10 in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148258. [PMID: 32619428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Upon a dark-to-light transition, multiple species of cyanobacteria release a certain amount of H+ from the inside to the outside of their cells. Previous studies revealed the plasma membrane-localizing Proton exchange A (PxcA) is involved in the light-induced H+ extrusion in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Among oxygenic phototrophs, two PxcA homologs are conserved; they are the nuclear-encoded Day-length-dependent delayed-greening1 (DLDG1) and the plastid-encoded Ycf10 in Arabidopsis thaliana. We previously identified the putative DLDG1/Ycf10-interacting protein, Fluctuating-light acclimation protein1 (FLAP1), required for pH regulation in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Synechocystis has PxcA and FLAP1 homologs designated here as PxcA like (PxcL) and FLAP1 homolog A (FlpA). Synechocystis mutants lacking pxcA, pxcL, and flpA were constructed and characterized to gain more insight into regulatory mechanisms of light-induced H+ extrusion in cyanobacteria. pH change kinetics of the extracellular solvent after shifting Synechocystis cells from dark to light indicated that PxcA is essential for the light-induced H+ extrusion, and both PxcA and PxcL were involved in H+ uptake. Mutational loss of flpA resulted in altered PxcA- and PxcL-dependent H+ efflux/influx activities, and the flpA-null mutant showed inhibited growth under dark-light cycles, indicating the importance of FlpA function for photosynthetic growth under fluctuating light. Collectively, these data suggest that PxcA is involved in H+ efflux immediately after light irradiation for the rapid formation of the H+ concentration gradient across the thylakoid membranes, PxcL is involved in H+ influx for activation of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, and FlpA controls the H+ transport under fluctuating light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruya Inago
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sato
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Shinji Masuda
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
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