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Wang Y, Li S, Shi Y, Lv S, Zhu C, Xu C, Zhang B, Allan AC, Grierson D, Chen K. The R2R3 MYB Ruby1 is activated by two cold responsive ethylene response factors, via the retrotransposon in its promoter, to positively regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in citrus. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38922743 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural pigments and dietary antioxidants that play multiple biological roles in plants and are important in animal and human nutrition. Low temperature (LT) promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in many species including blood orange. A retrotransposon in the promoter of Ruby1, which encodes an R2R3 MYB transcription factor, controls cold-induced anthocyanin accumulation in blood orange flesh. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we characterized two LT-induced ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS (CsERF054 and CsERF061). Both CsERF054 and CsERF061 can activate the expression of CsRuby1 by directly binding to a DRE/CRT cis-element within the retrotransposon in the promoter of CsRuby1, thereby positively regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Further investigation indicated that CsERF061 also forms a protein complex with CsRuby1 to co-activate the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes, providing a dual mechanism for the upregulation of the anthocyanin pathway. These results provide insights into how LT mediates anthocyanin biosynthesis and increase the understanding of the regulatory network of anthocyanin biosynthesis in blood orange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Shaojia Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Yanna Shi
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Shouzheng Lv
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Zhu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Changjie Xu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
| | - Andrew C Allan
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Donald Grierson
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Kunsong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
- The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
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Li Y, Ren R, Pan R, Bao Y, Xie T, Zeng L, Fang T. Comparative transcriptome analysis identifies candidate genes related to sucrose accumulation in longan ( Dimocarpus longan Lour.) pulp. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1379750. [PMID: 38645392 PMCID: PMC11032017 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1379750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Sucrose content is one of the important factors to determine longan fruit flavor quality. To gain deep insight of molecular mechanism on sucrose accumulation in longan, we conducted comparative transcriptomic analysis between low sucrose content longan cultivar 'Qingkebaoyuan' and high sucrose content cultivar 'Songfengben'. A total of 12,350 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected across various development stages and different varieties, including hexokinase (HK) and sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS), which are intricately linked to soluble sugar accumulation and metabolism. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified magenta module, including DlSPS gene, was significantly positively correlated with sucrose content. Furthermore, transient expression unveiled DlSPS gene play crucial role in sucrose accumulation. Moreover, 5 transcription factors (MYB, ERF, bHLH, C2H2, and NAC) were potentially involved in DlSPS regulation. Our findings provide clues for sucrose metabolism, and lay the foundation for longan breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lihui Zeng
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Fang
- College of Horticulture, Institute of Genetics and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Song HY, Zhao K, Pei YG, Chen HX, Wang XA, Jiang GL, Xie HJ, Chen D, Gong RG. Multi-omics analysis provides new insights into the changes of important nutrients and fructose metabolism in loquat bud sport mutant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1374925. [PMID: 38606078 PMCID: PMC11008694 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1374925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Bud sport is a common and stable somatic variation in perennial fruit trees, and often leads to significant modification of fruit traits and affects the breeding value. To investigate the impact of bud sport on the main metabolites in the fruit of white-fleshed loquat, we conducted a multi-omics analysis of loquat fruits at different developmental stages of a white-fleshed bud sport mutant of Dongting loquat (TBW) and its wild type (TBY). The findings from the detection of main fruit quality indices and metabolites suggested that bud sport resulted in a reduction in the accumulation of carotenoids, fructose, titratable acid and terpenoids at the mature stage of TBW, while leading to the accumulation of flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids and lipids. The comparably low content of titratable acid further enhances the balanced and pleasent taste profile of TBW. Expression patterns of differentially expressed genes involved in fructose metabolism exhibited a significant increase in the expression level of S6PDH (EVM0006243, EVM0044405) prior to fruit maturation. The comparison of protein sequences and promoter region of S6PDH between TBY and TBW revealed no structural variations that would impact gene function or expression, indicating that transcription factors may be responsible for the rapid up-regulation of S6PDH before maturation. Furthermore, correlation analysis helped to construct a comprehensive regulatory network of fructose metabolism in loquat, including 23 transcription factors, six structural genes, and nine saccharides. Based on the regulatory network and existing studies, it could be inferred that transcription factors such as ERF, NAC, MYB, GRAS, and bZIP may promote fructose accumulation in loquat flesh by positively regulating S6PDH. These findings improve our understanding of the nutritional value and breeding potential of white-fleshed loquat bud sport mutant, as well as serve as a foundation for exploring the genes and transcription factors that regulate fructose metabolism in loquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-yan Song
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan-Gang Pei
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-xu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-an Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo-Liang Jiang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Jiang Xie
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Creation in Southwestern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong-gao Gong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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4
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Shi Y, Hu G, Wang Y, Liang Q, Su D, Lu W, Deng W, Bouzayen M, Liu Y, Li Z, Huang B. The SlGRAS9-SlZHD17 transcriptional cascade regulates chlorophyll and carbohydrate metabolism contributing to fruit quality traits in tomato. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2540-2557. [PMID: 38263687 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Some essential components of fleshy fruits are dependent on photosynthetic activity and carbohydrate metabolism. Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms linking chlorophyll and carbohydrate metabolism remain partially understood. Here, we uncovered the role of SlGRAS9 and SlZHD17 transcription factors in controlling chlorophyll and carbohydrate accumulation in tomato fruit. Knockout or knockdown of SlGRAS9 or SlZHD17 resulted in marked increase in chlorophyll content, reprogrammed chloroplast biogenesis and enhanced accumulation of starch and soluble sugars. Combined genome-wide transcriptomic profiling and promoter-binding experiments unveiled a complex mechanism in which the SlGRAS9/SlZHD17 regulatory module modulates the expression of chloroplast and sugar metabolism either via a sequential transcriptional cascade or through binding of both TFs to the same gene promoters, or, alternatively, via parallel pathways where each of the TFs act on different target genes. For instance, the regulation of SlAGPaseS1 and SlSUS1 is mediated by SlZHD17 whereas that of SlVI and SlGLK1 occurs only through SlGRAS9 without the intervention of SlZHD17. Both SlGRAS9 and SlZHD17 can also directly bind the promoter of SlPOR-B to regulate its expression. Taken together, our findings uncover two important regulators acting synergistically to manipulate chlorophyll and carbohydrate accumulation and provide new potential breeding targets for improving fruit quality in fleshy fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Guojian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales - Genomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits - UMR5546, Universite de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, Toulouse, 31326, France
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Qin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Deding Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Wang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Vegetales - Genomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits - UMR5546, Universite de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse-INP, Toulouse, 31326, France
| | - Yudong Liu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Baowen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Molecular Breeding of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
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5
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Xiang Y, Huang XY, Zhao YW, Wang CK, Sun Q, Hu DG. Optimization of apple fruit flavor by MdVHP1-2 via modulation of soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108227. [PMID: 38043254 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
For fleshy fruits, the content and ratio of organic acids and soluble sugars are key factors for their flavor. Therefore, a better understanding of soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation in vacuoles is essential to the improvement of fruit quality. Vacuolar-type inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) has been found in various plants with crucial functions based on the hydrolysis of PPi. However, the effects of V-PPase on the soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation in apple fruit remain unclear. In this study, MdVHP1-2, a V-PPase protein in the vacuolar membrane, was identified. The results showed a positive correlation between the expression of MdVHP1-2 and the sugar/acid ratio during ripening of apple fruits. A series of transgenic analyses showed that overexpression of MdVHP1-2 significantly elevated the contents of soluble sugars and organic acids as well as the sugar/acid ratio in apple fruits and calli. Additionally, transient interference induced by MdVHP1-2 expression inhibited the accumulation of soluble sugars and organic acids in apple fruits. In summary, this study provides insight into the mechanisms by which MdVHP1-2 modulates fruit flavor through mediation of soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation, thereby facilitating improvement of the overall quality of apple and other fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhao
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Quan Sun
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Research Center for Apple Engineering and Technology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
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6
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Wang M, Qin YY, Wei NN, Xue HY, Dai WS. Highly efficient Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation in citrus seeds and its application in gene functional analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1293374. [PMID: 38023879 PMCID: PMC10644275 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1293374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient genetic transformation technology is beneficial for plant gene functional research and molecular improvement breeding. However, the most commonly used Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation technology is time-consuming and recalcitrant for some woody plants such as citrus, hampering the high-throughput functional analysis of citrus genes. Thus, we dedicated to develop a rapid, simple, and highly efficient hairy root transformation system induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes to analyze citrus gene function. In this report, a rapid, universal, and highly efficient hairy root transformation system in citrus seeds was described. Only 15 days were required for the entire workflow and the system was applicable for various citrus genotypes, with a maximum transformation frequency of 96.1%. After optimization, the transformation frequency of Citrus sinensis, which shows the lowest transformation frequency of 52.3% among four citrus genotypes initially, was increased to 71.4% successfully. To test the applicability of the hairy roots transformation system for gene functional analysis of citrus genes, we evaluated the subcellular localization, gene overexpression and gene editing in transformed hairy roots. Compared with the traditional transient transformation system performed in tobacco leaves, the transgenic citrus hairy roots displayed a more clear and specific subcellular fluorescence localization. Transcript levels of genes were significantly increased in overexpressing transgenic citrus hairy roots as compared with wild-type (WT). Additionally, hairy root transformation system in citrus seeds was successful in obtaining transformants with knocked out targets, indicating that the Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation enables the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. In summary, we established a highly efficient genetic transformation technology with non-tissue-culture in citrus that can be used for functional analysis such as protein subcellular localization, gene overexpression and gene editing. Since the material used for genetic transformation are roots protruding out of citrus seeds, the process of planting seedlings prior to transformation of conventional tissue culture or non-tissue-culture was eliminated, and the experimental time was greatly reduced. We anticipate that this genetic transformation technology will be a valuable tool for routine research of citrus genes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wen-Shan Dai
- China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Zhang M, Lu W, Yang X, Li Q, Lin X, Liu K, Yin C, Xiong B, Liao L, Sun G, He S, He J, Wang X, Wang Z. Comprehensive analyses of the citrus WRKY gene family involved in the metabolism of fruit sugars and organic acids. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1264283. [PMID: 37780491 PMCID: PMC10540311 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1264283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Sugars and organic acids are the main factors determining the flavor of citrus fruit. The WRKY transcription factor family plays a vital role in plant growth and development. However, there are still few studies about the regulation of citrus WRKY transcription factors (CsWRKYs) on sugars and organic acids in citrus fruit. In this work, a genome-wide analysis of CsWRKYs was carried out in the citrus genome, and a total of 81 CsWRKYs were identified, which contained conserved WRKY motifs. Cis-regulatory element analysis revealed that most of the CsWRKY promoters contained several kinds of hormone-responsive and abiotic-responsive cis-elements. Furthermore, gene expression analysis and fruit quality determination showed that multiple CsWRKYs were closely linked to fruit sugars and organic acids with the development of citrus fruit. Notably, transcriptome co-expression network analysis further indicated that three CsWRKYs, namely, CsWRKY3, CsWRKY47, and CsWRKY46, co-expressed with multiple genes involved in various pathways, such as Pyruvate metabolism and Citrate cycle. These CsWRKYs may participate in the metabolism of fruit sugars and organic acids by regulating carbohydrate metabolism genes in citrus fruit. These findings provide comprehensive knowledge of the CsWRKY family on the regulation of fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wu J, Cheng L, Espley R, Ma F, Malnoy M. Focus on fruit crops. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1659-1665. [PMID: 37148289 PMCID: PMC10315308 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Lailiang Cheng
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Richard Espley
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Mt. Albert Research Centre, Auckland 1025, New Zealand
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via Edmund Mach 1, San Michele all’Adige 38098, Italy
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Liu J, Zhou X, Chen D, Guo J, Chen K, Ye C, Liu C. 1H NMR-Based Metabolic Profiling to Follow Changes in Pomelo Cultivars during Postharvest Senescence. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102001. [PMID: 37238818 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated metabolite changes in three pomelo cultivars during postharvest senescence using 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling. Three pomelo cultivars, 'Hongroumiyou', 'Bairoumiyou' and 'Huangroumiyou', abbreviated as "R", "W" and "Y" according to the color of their juice sacs, were stored at 25 °C for 90 days, and NMR was applied to determine the metabolite changes in juice sacs during storage. Fifteen metabolites were identified, including organic acids, sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, phenols and naringin. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to screen the significant metabolites according to the variable importance for the projection (VIP) scores in three pomelo cultivars during 90 days of storage. Additionally, eight metabolites, naringin, alanine, asparagine, choline, citric acid, malic acid, phosphocholine and β-D-glucose, were screened to be the crucial biomarkers with VIP > 1. The undesirable flavor of "bitter and sour" during the 60 days of storage was mainly attributed to the naringin, citric acid and sugars. According to the correlation analysis, the citric acid content determined by NMR showed a significantly positive relationship with that analyzed by HPLC. These findings suggested that NMR technology was accurate and efficient for metabolomic analysis of pomelo fruit, and the 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling can be efficient during quality evaluation and useful for improving the fruit flavor quality during postharvest storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinqiao Zhou
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dagang Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chanjuan Ye
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chuanguang Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou 510640, China
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10
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Ku YS. How sweet! Transcription factor CitZAT5 regulates CitSUS5 and CitSWEET6 to promote sugar accumulation in citrus fruit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023:kiad222. [PMID: 37067895 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Shan Ku
- Assistant Features Editor, Plant Physiology, American Society of Plant Biologists, Rockville, USA
- School of Life Sciences and Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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