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Li H, Zhang X, Wang X, Wu Q, Zheng W, Liu C, Wei S, Zuo X, Xiao W, Ye H, Wang W, Yang L, Zhu Y. The developmental pattern related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the yolk sac membrane and jejunum during embryogenesis in Muscovy duck. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103929. [PMID: 38943802 PMCID: PMC11261488 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the developmental change of body growth and gene expression related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the yolk sac membrane (YSM) and jejunum during embryogenesis in Muscovy ducks. The weights of embryos and yolk sac (YS) (5 embryos per replicate, n = 6) were recorded on embryonic days (E)16, E19, E22, E25, E28, E31, and the day of hatch (DOH). The fat and fatty acid contents in YSM, jejunal histology, and gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism in YSM and jejunum were determined in each sampling time. Among the nonlinear models, the maximum growth is estimated at 2.83 (E22.5), 2.67 (E22.1), and 2.60 (E21.3) g/d using logistic, Gompertz, and Von Bertalanffy models, respectively. The weight of YS, and ether extract-free YS as well as the amounts of fat and fatty acids in YS decreased (P < 0.05) linearly, whereas the villus height, crypt depth, villus height/crypt depth, and musculature thickness in jejunum increased (P < 0.05) linearly during embryogenesis. The mRNA expression of CD36, SLC27A4, and FABP1 related to fatty acid uptake as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of PPARα and CPT1 related to fatty acid oxidation increased in a quadratic manner (P < 0.05) in both YS and jejunum, and the maximum values were achieved during E25 to E28. In conclusion, the maximum growth rate of Muscovy duck embryos was estimated at 2.60 to 2.83 g/d on E21.3 to E23.5, while the accumulations of lipid and fatty acid in YS were decreased in association with the increased absorptive area of morphological structures in jejunum. The gene and protein expression involved in fatty acid metabolism displayed a similar enhancement pattern between YSM and jejunum during E25 to E28, suggesting that fatty acid utilization could be strengthened to meet the energy demand for embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Xiufen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Qilin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Wenxuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 527400, China
| | - Shi Wei
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 527400, China
| | - Xin Zuo
- Wen's Food Group Co., Ltd, Yunfu 527400, China
| | | | - Hui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Wence Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Yongwen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000 China; Woman Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Guangzhou, 510000 China.
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Tung CT, Lin HJ, Lin CW, Mersmann HJ, Ding ST. The role of dynamin in absorbing lipids into endodermal epithelial cells of yolk sac membranes during embryonic development in Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101470. [PMID: 34624771 PMCID: PMC8503669 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endodermal epithelial cells (EECs) within the yolk sac membrane (YSM) of avian embryos are responsible for the absorption and utilization of lipids. The lipids in the yolk are mostly composed of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), uptake mainly depends on clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). The CME relies on vesicle formation through the regulation of dynamin (DNM). However, it is still unclear whether DNMs participate in avian embryonic development. We examined mRNA expression levels of several genes involved in lipid transportation and utilization in YSM during Japanese quail embryonic development using qPCR. The mRNA levels of DNM1 and DNM3 were elevated at incubation d 8 and 10 before the increase of SOAT1, CIDEA, CIDEC, and APOB mRNA's. The elevated gene expression suggested the increased demand for DNM activity might be prior to cholesteryl ester production, lipid storage, and VLDL transport. Hinted by the result, we further investigated the role of DNMs in the embryonic development of Japanese quail. A DNM inhibitor, dynasore, was injected into fertilized eggs at incubation d 3. At incubation d 10, the dynasore-injected embryo showed increased embryonic lethality compared to control groups. Thus, the activity of DNMs was essential for the embryonic development of Japanese quail. The activities of DNMs were also verified by the absorptions of fluorescent VLDL (DiI-yVLDL) in EECs. Fluorescent signals in EECs were decreased significantly after treatment with dynasore. Finally, EECs were pretreated with S-Nitroso-L-glutathione (GSNO), a DNM activator, for 30 min; this increased the uptake of DiI-yVLDL. In conclusion, DNMs serve a critical role in mediating lipid absorption in YSM. The activity of DNMs was an integral part of development in Japanese quail. Our results suggest enhancing lipid transportation through an increase of DNM activity may improve avian embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ting Tung
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Han-Jen Lin
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chiao-Wei Lin
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Harry John Mersmann
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.; Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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Wong EA, Uni Z. Centennial Review: The chicken yolk sac is a multifunctional organ. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100821. [PMID: 33518342 PMCID: PMC7936120 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The yolk sac (YS) consists of the yolk, which supplies nutrients, and the YS tissue, which surrounds the yolk and provides essential metabolic functions for the developing embryo. The YS tissue is derived from the midgut of the embryo and consists of a layer of endodermal epithelial cells (EEC) in contact with the yolk contents, a mesodermal layer that contains the vascular system and an outer ectodermal layer. The YS tissue is a multifunctional organ that provides essential functions such as host immunity, nutrient uptake, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and erythropoiesis. The YS tissue plays a role in immunity by the transport of maternal antibodies in the yolk to the embryonic circulation that feeds the developing embryo. In addition, the YS tissue expresses high mRNA levels of the host defense peptide, avian β-defensin 10 during mid embryogenesis. Owing to its origin, the YS EEC share some functional properties with intestinal epithelial cells such as expression of transporters for amino acids, peptides, monosaccharides, fatty acids, and minerals. The YS tissue stores glycogen and expresses enzymes for glycogen synthesis and breakdown and glucogenesis. This carbohydrate metabolism may play an important role in the hatching process. The mesodermal layer of the YS tissue is the site for erythropoiesis and provides erythrocytes before the maturation of the bone marrow. Other functions of the YS tissue involve synthesis of plasma proteins, lipid transport and cholesterol metabolism, and synthesis of thyroxine. Thus, the YS is an essential organ for the growth, development, and health of the developing embryo. This review will provide an overview of the studies that have investigated the functionalities of the YS tissue at the cellular and molecular levels with a focus on chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Wong
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061.
| | - Z Uni
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Sterol-O acyltransferase 1 is inhibited by gga-miR-181a-5p and gga-miR-429-3p through the TGFβ pathway in endodermal epithelial cells of Japanese quail. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 240:110376. [PMID: 31678270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nutrients are utilized and re-constructed by endodermal epithelial cells (EECs) of yolk sac membrane (YSM) in avian species during embryonic development. Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1) is the key enzyme to convert cholesterol to cholesteryl ester for delivery to growing embryos. During embryonic development, yolk absorption is concomitant with significant changes of SOAT1 mRNA concentration and enzyme activity in YSM. Presence of microRNAs (miRNAs) are observed in the embryonic liver and muscle during avian embryogenesis. However, the expression of miRNAs in YSM during embryogenesis and the involvement of miRNAs in lipid utilization are not known. Using a miRNA sequencing technique, we found several miRNA candidates and confirmed their expression patterns individually by real time PCR. MiRNA candidates were selected based on the expression pattern and their possible roles in inhibiting transforming growth factor beta receptor type 1 (TGFBR1) that would regulate the function of SOAT1. Similar to SOAT1 mRNA, the gga-miR-181a-5p expression was gradually elevated during embryonic development. However, the expression of gga-miR-429-3p in YSM was gradually decreased during embryonic development. The inhibitory effects of gga-miR-181a-5p or gga-miR-429-3p on the potential targets (SOAT1 and TGFBR1) were demonstrated by transient miRNA transfections in EECs. We also found that mutated TGFBR1 3'UTR prevented the direct pairings of gga-miR-181a-5p and gga-miR-429-3p. Treatment of TGFBR1 inhibitor, LY364947, further decreased SOAT1 transcription. Similar results were also observed by the miRNA transfection studies. The results showed the vital participations of gga-miR-181a-5p and gga-miR-429-3p in regulating TGFβ pathway, and affecting downstream SOAT1 expression and function in the YSM. This is indicative of possible regulation of avian yolk lipid utilization by changing YSM miRNA expressions.
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Embryonic cholesterol esterification is regulated by a cyclic AMP-dependent pathway in yolk sac membrane-derived endodermal epithelial cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187560. [PMID: 29161294 PMCID: PMC5697856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During avian embryonic development, endodermal epithelial cells (EECs) absorb yolk through the yolk sac membrane. Sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT) is important for esterification and yolk lipid utilization during development. Because the major enzyme for yolk sac membrane cholesteryl ester synthesis is SOAT1, we cloned the avian SOAT1 promoter and elucidated the cellular functions of SOAT1. Treatments with either glucagon, isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX), an adenylate cyclase activator (forskolin), a cAMP analog (dibutyryl-cAMP), or a low glucose concentration all increased SOAT1 mRNA accumulation in EECs from Japanese quail, suggesting that SOAT1 is regulated by nutrients and hormones through a cAMP-dependent pathway. Activity of protein kinase A (PKA) was increased by IBMX, whereas co-treatment with the PKA inhibitor, H89 negated the increase in PKA activity. Cyclic AMP-induced EECs had greater cholesterol esterification than untreated EECs. By promoter deletion and point-mutation, the cAMP-response element (-349 to -341 bp) was identified as critical in mediating transcription of SOAT1. In conclusion, expression of SOAT1 was regulated by a cAMP-dependent pathway and factors that increase PKA will increase SOAT1 to improve the utilization of lipids in the EECs and potentially modify embryonic growth.
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Chang NY, Chan YJ, Ding ST, Lee YH, HuangFu WC, Liu IH. Sterol O-Acyltransferase 2 Contributes to the Yolk Cholesterol Trafficking during Zebrafish Embryogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167644. [PMID: 27936201 PMCID: PMC5147938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate whether Sterol O-acyltransferase (Soat) mediates the absorption and transportation of yolk lipids to the developing embryo, zebrafish soat1 and soat2 were cloned and studied. In the adult zebrafish, soat1 was detected ubiquitously while soat2 mRNA was detected specifically in the liver, intestine, brain and testis. Whole mount in situ hybridization demonstrated that both soat1 and soat2 expressed in the yolk syncytial layer, hatching gland and developing cardiovascular as well as digestive systems, suggesting that Soats may play important roles in the lipid trafficking and utilization during embryonic development. The enzymatic activity of zebrafish Soat2 was confirmed by Oil Red O staining in the HEK293 cells overexpressing this gene, and could be quenched by Soat2 inhibitor Pyripyropene A (PPPA). The zebrafish embryos injected with PPPA or morpholino oligo against soat2 in the yolk showed significantly larger yolk when compared with wild-type embryos, especially at 72 hpf, indicating a slower rate of yolk consumption. Our result indicated that zebrafish Soat2 is catalytically active in synthesizing cholesteryl esters and contributes to the yolk cholesterol trafficking during zebrafish embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Yun Chang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chan
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Liu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin HJ, Wang SH, Pan YH, Ding ST. Primary Endodermal Epithelial Cell Culture from the Yolk Sac Membrane of Japanese Quail Embryos. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27022687 DOI: 10.3791/53624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We established an endodermal epithelial cell culture model (EEC) for studying the function of certain enzymes and proteins in mediating nutrient utilization by avian embryos during development. Fertilized Japanese quail eggs were incubated at 37 °C for 5 days and then yolk sac membranes (YSM) were collected to establish the EEC culture system. We isolated the embryonic endoderm layer from YSM, and sliced the membrane into 2 - 3 mm pieces and partially digested with collagenase before seeding in 24-well culture plates. The EECs proliferate out of the tissue and are ready for cell culture studies. We found that the EECs had typical characteristics of YSM in vivo, for example, accumulation of lipid droplets, expression of sterol O-acyltransferase and lipoprotein lipase. The partial digestion treatment significantly increased the successful rate of EEC culture. Utilizing the EECs, we demonstrated that the expression of SOAT1 was regulated by the cAMP dependent protein kinase A related pathway. This primary Japanese quail EEC culture system is a useful tool to study embryonic lipid transportation and to clarify the role of genes involved in mediating nutrient utilization in YSM during avian embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jen Lin
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Siou Huei Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Yu Hui Pan
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University
| | - Shih-Torng Ding
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University;
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Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA), a protein originally of interest primarily to investigators focusing on AA amyloidogenesis, has become a subject of interest to a very broad research community. SAA is still a major amyloid research topic because AA amyloid, for which SAA is the precursor, is the prototypic model of in vivo amyloidogenesis and much that has been learned with this model has been applicable to much more common clinical types of amyloid. However, SAA has also become a subject of considerable interest to those studying (i) the synthesis and regulation of acute phase proteins, of which SAA is a prime example, (ii) the role that SAA plays in tissue injury and inflammation, a situation in which the plasma concentration of SAA may increase a 1000-fold, (iii) the influence that SAA has on HDL structure and function, because during inflammation the majority of SAA is an apolipoprotein of HDL, (iv) the influence that SAA may have on HDL's role in reverse cholesterol transport, and therefore, (v) SAA's potential role in atherogenesis. However, no physiological role for SAA, among many proposed, has been widely accepted. None the less from an evolutionary perspective SAA must have a critical physiological function conferring survival-value because SAA genes have existed for at least 500 million years and SAA's amino acid sequence has been substantially conserved. An examination of the published literature over the last 40 years reveals a great deal of conflicting data and interpretation. Using SAA's conserved amino acid sequence and the physiological effects it has while in its native structure, namely an HDL apolipoprotein, we argue that much of the confounding data and interpretation relates to experimental pitfalls not appreciated when working with SAA, a failure to appreciate the value of physiologic studies done in the 1970-1990 and a current major focus on putative roles of SAA in atherogenesis and chronic disease. When viewed from an evolutionary perspective, published data suggest that acute-phase SAA is part of a systemic response to injury to recycle and reuse cholesterol from destroyed and damaged cells. This is accomplished through SAA's targeted delivery of HDL to macrophages, and its suppression of ACAT, the enhancement of neutral cholesterol esterase and ABC transporters in macrophages. The recycling of cholesterol during serious injury, when dietary intake is restricted and there is an immediate and critical requirement of cholesterol in the generation of myriads of cells involved in inflammation and repair responses, is likely SAA's important survival role. Data implicating SAA in atherogenesis are not relevant to its evolutionary role. Furthermore, in apoE(-/-) mice, domains near the N- and C- termini of SAA inhibit the initiation and progression of aortic lipid lesions illustrating the conflicting nature of these two sets of data.
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Sakamoto A, Kawasaki T, Kazawa T, Ohashi R, Jiang S, Maejima T, Tanaka T, Iwanari H, Hamakubo T, Sakai J, Kodama T, Naito M. Expression of Liver X Receptor α in Rat Fetal Tissues at Different Developmental Stages. J Histochem Cytochem 2007; 55:641-9. [PMID: 17341476 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.6a7120.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear receptor that acts as a sterol sensor and metabolic regulator of cholesterol and lipid homeostasis. Using a novel LXRα-specific antibody for immunohistochemistry, we evaluated cellular expression of LXRα in fetal rat tissues. In the fetal liver, LXRα-positive macrophages appeared at 12 days and their number peaked at 18 days of gestation. In contrast, hepatocytes expressed LXRα during the later stage of gestation, suggesting the functional development of the liver during ontogeny. Later, macrophages in spleen and thymus expressed LXRα, and some mononuclear cells in the vascular lumen compatible to primitive/fetal macrophages in the fetal circulation were found to express LXRα. In vitro, rat monocytes did not express LXRα, but monocyte-derived macrophages cultured in the presence of macrophage-colony stimulating factor revealed the distinct expression of LXRα in nucleoli. These findings suggest that LXRα plays a role in the differentiation of fetal macrophages, particularly hepatic macrophages, in rat development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azusa Sakamoto
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Cellular Function, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori 1-757, 951-8510, Niigata, Japan
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Ding ST, Lilburn MS. The ontogeny of fatty acid-binding protein in turkey (Meleagridis gallopavo) intestine and yolk sac membrane during embryonic and early posthatch development. Poult Sci 2002; 81:1065-70. [PMID: 12162346 DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.7.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to confirm the existence and ontogeny of fatty acid binding protein (FABP) in the intestine and yolk sac membrane of turkey poults (Meleagridis gallopavo) during embryonic and early posthatch development. Intestinal (I-) FABP was measured using an immunoblot procedure incorporating anti-chick liver (L-)FABP antisera. FABP activity in both tissues was also confirmed with a ligand-binding assay incorporating 14C-oleic acid. I-FABP did not cross-react with chick L-FABP antisera until hatch, embryonic day 28 (ED 28), after which there was a 39% increase in I-FABP concentration through the first 3 d posthatch (PD 3). FABP concentration calculated on a total intestinal basis (ng/intestine), however, increased 10-fold through PD 6. Specific activity [disintegrations per minute (dpm)/ mg cytosolic protein] was greatest at hatch and decreased slightly thereafter, whereas specific activity of FABP in the yolk sac membrane peaked between ED 16 and ED 19 and then declined. Total yolk sac activity (dpm/yolk sac membrane), however, plateaued at ED 22 before declining to low levels by PD 3, coincident with the period of maximal lipid transfer out of the yolk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Ding
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China
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Ding ST, Bacon WL, Lilburn MS. The development of an immunoblotting assay for the quantification of liver fatty acid-binding protein during embryonic and early posthatch development of turkeys (Meleagridis gallopavo). Poult Sci 2002; 81:1057-64. [PMID: 12162345 DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.7.1057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Turkey (Meleagridis gallopavo) liver cytosolic fatty acid binding protein (FABP) was purified and used as a standard for quantification. An immunoblotting procedure was developed to study the ontogeny of liver cytosolic FABP during embryonic and early posthatch development in turkey poults. Liver FABP activity was also determined indirectly through the use of gel filtration chromatography followed by a ligand-binding assay. The specific activity of liver FABP (ng/mg of cytosolic protein) increased with length of incubation, peaking initially at Day 22, declining between Days 22 and 25, and increasing again from hatch (Day 28) to 6 d posthatch. The specific activity of liver FABP increased 12-fold between Day 13 of incubation and 6 d posthatch compared with total activity, which increased from 946 to 1.01 x 10(6) ng/liver during the same period, a 1,067-fold increase. The results from both analytical procedures were similar, suggesting that the immunoblot method could be used to quantify liver FABP concentrations. The observed increases in FABP activity throughout the embryonic period and first days after hatching paralleled increases in liver lipid concentration. Therefore, liver FABP may be associated with hepatocyte fatty acid transport and metabolism during the latter stages of incubation and early posthatch period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Ding
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipai, Republic of China
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