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Li H, Zhao T, Yuan Z, Gao T, Yang Y, Li R, Tian Q, Tang P, Guo Q, Zhang L. Cartilage lacuna-biomimetic hydrogel microspheres endowed with integrated biological signal boost endogenous articular cartilage regeneration. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:61-82. [PMID: 39104774 PMCID: PMC11299526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on chondrogenesis, the repair of cartilage-particularly the reconstruction of cartilage lacunae through an all-in-one advanced drug delivery system remains limited. In this study, we developed a cartilage lacuna-like hydrogel microsphere system endowed with integrated biological signals, enabling sequential immunomodulation and endogenous articular cartilage regeneration. We first integrated the chondrogenic growth factor transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). Then, TGF-β3@MSNs and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were encapsulated within microspheres made of polydopamine (pDA). In the final step, growth factor-loaded MSN@pDA and a chitosan (CS) hydrogel containing platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) were blended to produce growth factors loaded composite microspheres (GFs@μS) using microfluidic technology. The presence of pDA reduced the initial acute inflammatory response, and the early, robust release of PDGF-BB aided in attracting endogenous stem cells. Over the subsequent weeks, the continuous release of IGF-1 and TGF-β3 amplified chondrogenesis and matrix formation. μS were incorporated into an acellular cartilage extracellular matrix (ACECM) and combined with a polydopamine-modified polycaprolactone (PCL) structure to produce a tissue-engineered scaffold that mimicked the structure of the cartilage lacunae evenly distributed in the cartilage matrix, resulting in enhanced cartilage repair and patellar cartilage protection. This research provides a strategic pathway for optimizing growth factor delivery and ensuring prolonged microenvironmental remodeling, leading to efficient articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianze Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yongkang Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Runmeng Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Qinyu Tian
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Peifu Tang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
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Liu B, He M, Chen B, Shuai Y, He X, Liu K, Li J, Jin L. Identification of key pathways in zirconia/dental pulp stem cell composite scaffold-mediated macrophage polarization through transcriptome sequencing. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:833-857. [PMID: 36942591 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2191080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Seed cells and scaffold materials are essential components of tissue engineering. In this study, we investigated the key pathway of the zirconia/dental pulp stem cell composite scaffold in regulating macrophage polarization by transcriptome sequencing. We established N-rGO/ZrO2 composite scaffold and confirmed its structure using various analytical techniques, including SEM, TEM, FTIR, Raman spectra, XPS, and XRD. DPSCs were seeded onto N-rGO/ZrO2 composite scaffold material, and their proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation were evaluated by CCK-8, immunofluorescence staining, ALP staining, and alizarin red staining. We then co-cultured DPSCs combined with N-rGO/ZrO2 as composite material with THP-1 cells in a transwell system to investigate the effect of the composite on macrophage polarization. The levels of pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes were assessed by RT-qPCR and western blot. Through bulk RNA sequencing, we detected the transcriptional characteristics of macrophages under the regulation of the composite materials, and identified the differential genes using the DEseq2 package. We also analyzed the cellular and molecular functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in THP-1 cells with DPSCs combined with N-rGO/ZrO2 treatment using GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Our results showed that N-rGO/ZrO2 composite scaffold promoted the proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Moreover, N-rGO/ZrO2 composite scaffold combined with DPSCs regulated macrophage migration, polarization, and glycolysis. Mechanistically, the combination of N-rGO/ZrO2 composite materials and DPSCs regulated macrophage polarization by activating the TNF signaling pathway. This finding provides a new approach to the clinical preservation of maxillofacial bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyao Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Maodian He
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Shuai
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyao He
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junxia Li
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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Asadikorayem M, Brunel LG, Weber P, Heilshorn SC, Zenobi-Wong M. Porosity dominates over microgel stiffness for promoting chondrogenesis in zwitterionic granular hydrogels. Biomater Sci 2024. [PMID: 39347711 PMCID: PMC11441418 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00233d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Granular hydrogels comprised of jammed, crosslinked microgels offer great potential as biomaterial scaffolds for cell-based therapies, including for cartilage tissue regeneration. As stiffness and porosity of hydrogels affect the phenotype of encapsulated cells and the extent of tissue regeneration, the design of tunable granular hydrogels to control and optimize these parameters is highly desirable. We hypothesized that chondrogenesis could be modulated using a granular hydrogel platform based on biocompatible, zwitterionic materials with independent intra- and inter-microgel crosslinking mechanisms. Microgels are made with mechanical fragmentation of photocrosslinked zwitterionic carboxybetaine acrylamide (CBAA) and sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) hydrogels, and secondarily crosslinked in the presence of cells using horseradish peroxide (HRP) to produce cell-laden granular hydrogels. We varied the intra-microgel crosslinking density to produce microgels with varied stiffnesses (1-3 kPa) and swelling properties. These microgels, when resuspended at the same weight fraction and secondarily crosslinked, resulted in granular hydrogels with distinct porosities (5-40%) due to differing swelling properties. The greatest extent of chondrogenesis was achieved in scaffolds with the highest microgel stiffness and highest porosity. However, when scaffold porosity was kept constant and just microgel stiffness varied, cell phenotype and chondrogenesis were similar across scaffolds. These results indicate the dominant role of granular scaffold porosity on chondrogenesis, whereas microgel stiffness appears to play a relatively minor role. These observations are in contrast to cells encapsulated within conventional bulk hydrogels, where stiffness has been shown to significantly affect chondrocyte response. In summary, we introduce chemically-defined, zwitterionic biomaterials to fabricate versatile granular hydrogels allowing for tunable scaffold porosity and microgel stiffness to study and influence chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Asadikorayem
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Lucia G Brunel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Weber
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Sarah C Heilshorn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Suyatno A, Nurfinti WO, Kusuma CPA, Pratama YA, Ardianto C, Samirah Samirah, Rahadiansyah E, Khotib J, Budiatin AS. Effectiveness of Bilayer Scaffold Containing Chitosan/Gelatin/Diclofenac and Bovine Hydroxyapatite on Cartilage/Subchondral Regeneration in Rabbit Joint Defect Models. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:6987676. [PMID: 39364298 PMCID: PMC11449564 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6987676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Subchondral defects are often caused by trauma involving cartilage damage, leading to subsequent damage to the underlying bone, specifically the subchondral region. Bilayer scaffolds made from biomaterials, such as bovine hydroxyapatite, possess biocompatible and biodegradable properties that mimic the natural environmental conditions of target tissues so that they can support the formation of new tissues. On the other side, diclofenac as an anti-inflammatory drug potentiates to inhibit the inflammatory excess regarding the damage. This study aims to study the effectiveness of diclofenac scaffold to rabbit joint defect model. The scaffold was implanted in the rabbit femoral trochlear bone hole, which had a diameter of 5 mm and a depth of 4 mm. After 28 days of intervention, the animals were examined using macroscopic evaluation, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for type I collagen and type II collagen. Subsequently, the cartilage was evaluated using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) scoring system. The macroscopic ICRS scores were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the bilayer scaffold implantation group compared to the monolayer scaffold and control groups. Histological ICRS scores were also significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the bilayer scaffold group compared to the control group. Type II collagen expression was higher (p < 0.05) in the bilayer scaffold group compared to the monolayer scaffold and control groups, although type I collagen expression was lower in comparison. In conclusion, this research suggests that the diclofenac-loaded bilayer scaffold effectively enhances cartilage and subchondral bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andhi Suyatno
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Wa O. Nurfinti
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | | | - Yusuf A. Pratama
- Department of Pharmacy PracticeFaculty of PharmacyUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy PracticeFaculty of PharmacyUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Samirah Samirah
- Department of Pharmacy PracticeFaculty of PharmacyUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Erreza Rahadiansyah
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyFaculty of MedicineUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia
| | - Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Pharmacy PracticeFaculty of PharmacyUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Aniek S. Budiatin
- Department of Pharmacy PracticeFaculty of PharmacyUniversitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Tolbert JW, French T, Kitson A, Okpara C, Hammerstone DE, Lazarte S, Babuska TF, Gonzalez-Fernandez T, Krick BA, Chow LW. Solvent-cast 3D printing with molecular weight polymer blends to decouple effects of scaffold architecture and mechanical properties on mesenchymal stromal cell fate. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1364-1375. [PMID: 38240070 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The biochemical and physical properties of a scaffold can be tailored to elicit specific cellular responses. However, it is challenging to decouple their individual effects on cell-material interactions. Here, we solvent-cast 3D printed different ratios of high and low molecular weight (MW) poly(caprolactone) (PCL) to fabricate scaffolds with significantly different stiffnesses without affecting other properties. Ink viscosity was used to match processing conditions between inks and generate scaffolds with the same surface chemistry, crystallinity, filament diameter, and architecture. Increasing the ratio of low MW PCL resulted in a significant decrease in modulus. Scaffold modulus did not affect human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) differentiation under osteogenic conditions. However, hMSC response was significantly affected by scaffold stiffness in chondrogenic media. Low stiffness promoted more stable chondrogenesis whereas high stiffness drove hMSC progression toward hypertrophy. These data illustrate how this versatile platform can be used to independently modify biochemical and physical cues in a single scaffold to synergistically enhance desired cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Tolbert
- Polymer Science and Engineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tyler French
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew Kitson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chiebuka Okpara
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diana E Hammerstone
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Santiago Lazarte
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Tomas F Babuska
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - Brandon A Krick
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Lesley W Chow
- Polymer Science and Engineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
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Murphy CA, Serafin A, Collins MN. Development of 3D Printable Gelatin Methacryloyl/Chondroitin Sulfate/Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels as Implantable Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1958. [PMID: 39065275 PMCID: PMC11281044 DOI: 10.3390/polym16141958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials tailored for various tissue engineering applications has been increasingly researched in recent years; however, stimulating cells to synthesise the extracellular matrix (ECM) is still a significant challenge. In this study, we investigate the use of ECM-like hydrogel materials composed of Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and glycosaminoglycans (GAG), such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulphate (CS), to provide a biomimetic environment for tissue repair. These hydrogels are fully characterised in terms of physico-chemical properties, including compression, swelling behaviour, rheological behaviour and via 3D printing trials. Furthermore, porous scaffolds were developed through freeze drying, producing a scaffold morphology that better promotes cell proliferation, as shown by in vitro analysis with fibroblast cells. We show that after cell seeding, freeze-dried hydrogels resulted in significantly greater amounts of DNA by day 7 compared to the GelMA hydrogel. Furthermore, freeze-dried constructs containing HA or HA/CS were found to have a significantly higher metabolic activity than GelMA alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A. Murphy
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.A.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Serafin
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.A.M.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Maurice N. Collins
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (C.A.M.); (A.S.)
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- SFI Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
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Dickerson DA, Fortier LA, Nauman EA, Potter HG, Quinlan C. Novel Osteochondral Biotemplate Improves Long-term Cartilage Repair Compared With Microfracture in an Ovine Model. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:3288-3303. [PMID: 37602735 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231189808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current cartilage repair therapies do not re-create the complex mechanical interface between cartilage and bone, which is critical for long-term repair durability. New biomaterial designs that include hard tissue-soft tissue interface structures offer promise to improve clinical outcomes. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a naturally derived osteochondral biotemplate with a novel contiguous hard tissue-soft tissue interface in an ovine model as a regenerative solution for articular cartilage defects. It was hypothesized that the osteochondral biotemplate would produce structurally superior repair tissue compared with microfracture over a 13-month period. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Osteochondral biotemplates were manufactured from porcine cancellous bone. Skeletally mature sheep (N = 30) were randomly allocated to 3 groups: early healing stage (euthanasia at 4 months), 6-month treatment, and 13-month treatment. In the early healing stage group, an 8 mm-diameter by 5 mm-deep osteochondral defect was created on the medial femoral condyle and treated at the time of iatrogenic injury with an osteochondral biotemplate. The contralateral limb received the same treatment 2 months later. In the 6- and 13-month treatment groups, 1 limb received the same osteochondral procedure as the early healing stage group. In the contralateral limb, an 8 mm-diameter, full-thickness cartilage defect (1-2 mm deep) was created and treated with microfracture. Cartilage repair and integration were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed with gross inspection, histological evaluation, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Wilcoxon signed-rank and McNemar tests were used to compare the treatments. RESULTS At 6 and 13 months after treatment, the biotemplate was not present histologically. At 13 months, the biotemplate treatment demonstrated statistically higher histological scores than microfracture for integration with surrounding cartilage (biotemplate: 74 ± 31; microfracture: 28 ± 39; P = .03), type 2 collagen (biotemplate: 72 ± 33; microfracture: 40 ± 38; P = .02), total cartilage (biotemplate: 71 ± 9; microfracture: 59 ± 9; P = .01), and total integration (biotemplate: 85 ± 15; microfracture: 66 ± 20; P = .04). The osteochondral biotemplate treatment produced a notable transient nonneutrophilic inflammatory response that appeared to approach resolution at 13 months. MRI results were not statistically different between the 2 treatments. CONCLUSION Even with the inflammatory response, after 13 months, the osteochondral biotemplate outperformed microfracture in cartilage regeneration and demonstrated superiority in integration between the repair tissue and host tissue as well as integration between the newly formed cartilage and the underlying bone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This work has demonstrated the clinical potential of a novel biomaterial template to regenerate the complex mechanical interface between cartilage and the subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl A Dickerson
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lisa A Fortier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Eric A Nauman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hollis G Potter
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cassandra Quinlan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Chen R, Pye JS, Li J, Little CB, Li JJ. Multiphasic scaffolds for the repair of osteochondral defects: Outcomes of preclinical studies. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:505-545. [PMID: 37180643 PMCID: PMC10173014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral defects are caused by injury to both the articular cartilage and subchondral bone within skeletal joints. They can lead to irreversible joint damage and increase the risk of progression to osteoarthritis. Current treatments for osteochondral injuries are not curative and only target symptoms, highlighting the need for a tissue engineering solution. Scaffold-based approaches can be used to assist osteochondral tissue regeneration, where biomaterials tailored to the properties of cartilage and bone are used to restore the defect and minimise the risk of further joint degeneration. This review captures original research studies published since 2015, on multiphasic scaffolds used to treat osteochondral defects in animal models. These studies used an extensive range of biomaterials for scaffold fabrication, consisting mainly of natural and synthetic polymers. Different methods were used to create multiphasic scaffold designs, including by integrating or fabricating multiple layers, creating gradients, or through the addition of factors such as minerals, growth factors, and cells. The studies used a variety of animals to model osteochondral defects, where rabbits were the most commonly chosen and the vast majority of studies reported small rather than large animal models. The few available clinical studies reporting cell-free scaffolds have shown promising early-stage results in osteochondral repair, but long-term follow-up is necessary to demonstrate consistency in defect restoration. Overall, preclinical studies of multiphasic scaffolds show favourable results in simultaneously regenerating cartilage and bone in animal models of osteochondral defects, suggesting that biomaterials-based tissue engineering strategies may be a promising solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouyan Chen
- Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
- School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Jasmine Sarah Pye
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jiarong Li
- Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Christopher B. Little
- Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Bertsch C, Maréchal H, Gribova V, Lévy B, Debry C, Lavalle P, Fath L. Biomimetic Bilayered Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: From Current Design Strategies to Medical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203115. [PMID: 36807830 PMCID: PMC11469754 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Tissue damage due to cancer, congenital anomalies, and injuries needs new efficient treatments that allow tissue regeneration. In this context, tissue engineering shows a great potential to restore the native architecture and function of damaged tissues, by combining cells with specific scaffolds. Scaffolds made of natural and/or synthetic polymers and sometimes ceramics play a key role in guiding cell growth and formation of the new tissues. Monolayered scaffolds, which consist of uniform material structure, are reported as not being sufficient to mimic complex biological environment of the tissues. Osteochondral, cutaneous, vascular, and many other tissues all have multilayered structures, therefore multilayered scaffolds seem more advantageous to regenerate these tissues. In this review, recent advances in bilayered scaffolds design applied to regeneration of vascular, bone, cartilage, skin, periodontal, urinary bladder, and tracheal tissues are focused on. After a short introduction on tissue anatomy, composition and fabrication techniques of bilayered scaffolds are explained. Then, experimental results obtained in vitro and in vivo are described, and their limitations are given. Finally, difficulties in scaling up production of bilayer scaffolds and reaching the stage of clinical studies are discussed when multiple scaffold components are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Bertsch
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and BioengineeringCentre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg1 rue Eugène BoeckelStrasbourg67000France
| | - Hélène Maréchal
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico‐FacialeHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg1 avenue MolièreStrasbourg67200France
| | - Varvara Gribova
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and BioengineeringCentre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg1 rue Eugène BoeckelStrasbourg67000France
| | - Benjamin Lévy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and BioengineeringCentre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg1 rue Eugène BoeckelStrasbourg67000France
| | - Christian Debry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and BioengineeringCentre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg1 rue Eugène BoeckelStrasbourg67000France
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico‐FacialeHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg1 avenue MolièreStrasbourg67200France
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and BioengineeringCentre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg1 rue Eugène BoeckelStrasbourg67000France
| | - Léa Fath
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche MédicaleInserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and BioengineeringCentre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg1 rue Eugène BoeckelStrasbourg67000France
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico‐FacialeHôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg1 avenue MolièreStrasbourg67200France
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10
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Wang G, Feng Y, Gao C, Zhang X, Wang Q, Zhang J, Zhang H, Wu Y, Li X, Wang L, Fu Y, Yu X, Zhang D, Liu J, Ding J. Biaxial stretching of polytetrafluoroethylene in industrial scale to fabricate medical ePTFE membrane with node-fibril microstructure. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad056. [PMID: 37397871 PMCID: PMC10310521 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is promising in biomedical fields such as covered stents and plastic surgery owing to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, ePTFE material prepared by the traditional biaxial stretching process is with thicker middle and thinner sides due to the bowing effect, which poses a major problem in industrial-scale fabrication. To solve this problem, we design an olive-shaped winding roller to provide the middle part of the ePTFE tape with a greater longitudinal stretching amplitude than the two sides, so as to make up for the excessive longitudinal retraction tendency of the middle part when it is transversely stretched. The as-fabricated ePTFE membrane has, as designed, uniform thickness and node-fibril microstructure. In addition, we examine the effects of mass ratio of lubricant to PTFE powder, biaxial stretching ratio and sintering temperature on the performance of the resultant ePTFE membranes. Particularly, the relation between the internal microstructure of the ePTFE membrane and its mechanical properties is revealed. Besides stable mechanical properties, the sintered ePTFE membrane exhibits satisfactory biological properties. We make a series of biological assessments including in vitro hemolysis, coagulation, bacterial reverse mutation and in vivo thrombosis, intracutaneous reactivity test, pyrogen test and subchronic systemic toxicity test; all of the results meet the relevant international standards. The muscle implantation of the sintered ePTFE membrane into rabbits indicates acceptable inflammatory reactions of our sintered ePTFE membrane fabricated on industrial scale. Such a medical-grade raw material with the unique physical form and condensed-state microstructure is expected to afford an inert biomaterial potentially for stent-graft membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
- R&D Center, Lifevalve Medical Scientific Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yusheng Feng
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Caiyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
- R&D Center, Lifevalve Medical Scientific Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Qunsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
- R&D Center, Lifevalve Medical Scientific Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yongqiang Wu
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
- R&D Center, Lifevalve Medical Scientific Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lin Wang
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
- R&D Center, Lifevalve Medical Scientific Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Deyuan Zhang
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jianxiong Liu
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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11
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Wong SK, Yee MMF, Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S. A Review of the Application of Natural and Synthetic Scaffolds in Bone Regeneration. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14050286. [PMID: 37233395 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14050286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of bone defects is complicated by the presence of clinical conditions, such as critical-sized defects created by high-energy trauma, tumour resection, infection, and skeletal abnormalities, whereby the bone regeneration capacity is compromised. A bone scaffold is a three-dimensional structure matrix serving as a template to be implanted into the defects to promote vascularisation, growth factor recruitment, osteogenesis, osteoconduction, and mechanical support. This review aims to summarise the types and applications of natural and synthetic scaffolds currently adopted in bone tissue engineering. The merits and caveats of natural and synthetic scaffolds will be discussed. A naturally derived bone scaffold offers a microenvironment closer to in vivo conditions after decellularisation and demineralisation, exhibiting excellent bioactivity, biocompatibility, and osteogenic properties. Meanwhile, an artificially produced bone scaffold allows for scalability and consistency with minimal risk of disease transmission. The combination of different materials to form scaffolds, along with bone cell seeding, biochemical cue incorporation, and bioactive molecule functionalisation, can provide additional or improved scaffold properties, allowing for a faster bone repair rate in bone injuries. This is the direction for future research in the field of bone growth and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sok Kuan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Michelle Min Fang Yee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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12
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Olaru M, Simionescu N, Doroftei F, David G. Strategy Based on Michael Addition Reaction for the Development of Bioinspired Multilayered and Multiphasic 3D Constructs. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071635. [PMID: 37050249 PMCID: PMC10096539 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of osteochondral defects has increased the interest in the development of improved repairing alternatives, with tissue engineering being considered a promising approach. The hierarchical, complex structure of osteochondral tissue requires the design of a biomimetic multilayered scaffold. Here, a multilayered and multiphasic 3D macroporous structure was achieved at subzero temperature by the Michael addition reaction of amino functionalities of collagen with acryloyl groups of a bifunctionalized poly(ε-caprolactone). This green approach has been successfully applied to crosslink layers of different composition, both for their efficient sequential formation and connection. Polyethylenimine functionalized nano-hydroxyapatite (nHApLPEI) was added to the bottom layer. The resulting hybrid cryogels were characterized by morphology, equilibrium swelling ratios, compressive strength analysis, and MTS assay. They presented good stability, integrity, and biocompatibility. The results revealed that the properties of the prepared constructs may be tuned by varying the composition, number, and thickness of the layers. The Young modulus values were between 3.5 ± 0.02 and 10.5 ± 0.6 kPa for the component layers, while for the multilayered structures they were more than 7.3 ± 0.2 kPa. The equilibrium swelling ratio varied between 4.6 and 14.2, with a value of ~10.5 for the trilayered structure, correlated with the mean pore sizes (74–230 µm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Olaru
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Natalia Simionescu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florica Doroftei
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Geta David
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection “Cristofor Simionescu”, “Gh. Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 71A Bd. D. Mangeron, 700050 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
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13
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Wang Q, Liu Q, Gao J, He J, Zhang H, Ding J. Stereo Coverage and Overall Stiffness of Biomaterial Arrays Underly Parts of Topography Effects on Cell Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6142-6155. [PMID: 36637977 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surface topography is a biophysical factor affecting cell behaviors, yet the underlying cues are still not clear. Herein, we hypothesized that stereo coverage and overall stiffness of biomaterial arrays on the scale of single cells underly parts of topography effects on cell adhesion. We fabricated a series of microarrays (micropillar, micropit, and microtube) of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) using mold casting based on pre-designed templates. The characteristic sizes of array units were less than that of a single cell, and thus, each cell could sense the micropatterns with varied roughness. With human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as the model cell type, we examined spreading areas and cell viabilities on different surfaces. "Stereo coverage" was defined to quantify the actual cell spreading fraction on a topographic surface. Particularly in the case of high micropillars, cells were confirmed not able to touch the bottom and had to partially hang among the micropillars. Then, in our opinion, a cell sensed the overall stiffness combining the bulk stiffness of the raw material and the stiffness of the culture medium. Spreading area and single cell viability were correlated to coverage and topographic feature of the prepared microarrays in particular with the significantly protruded geometry feather. Cell traction forces exerted on micropillars were also discussed. These findings provide new insights into the surface modifications toward biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Junhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200438, China
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14
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Gao J, Xu X, Yu X, Fu Y, Zhang H, Gu S, Cao D, Guo Q, Xu L, Ding J. Quantitatively relating magnetic resonance T1 and T2 to glycosaminoglycan and collagen concentrations mediated by penetrated contrast agents and biomacromolecule-bound water. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad035. [PMID: 37206162 PMCID: PMC10191676 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising non-invasive method to assess cartilage regeneration based on the quantitative relationship between MRI features and concentrations of the major components in the extracellular matrix (ECM). To this end, in vitro experiments are performed to investigate the relationship and reveal the underlying mechanism. A series of collagen (COL) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) solutions at different concentrations are prepared, and T1 and T2 relaxation times are measured with or without a contrast agent (Gd-DTPA2-) by MRI. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry is also used to measure the contents of biomacromolecule-bound water and other water, allowing theoretical derivation of the relationship between biomacromolecules and the resulting T2 values. It has been revealed that the MRI signal in the biomacromolecule aqueous systems is mainly influenced by the protons in hydrogens of biomacromolecule-bound water, which we divide into inner-bound water and outer-bound water. We have also found that COL results in higher sensitivity of bound water than GAG in T2 mapping. Owing to the charge effect, GAG regulates the penetration of the contrast agent during dialysis and has a more significant effect on T1 values than COL. Considering that COL and GAG are the most abundant biomacromolecules in the cartilage, this study is particularly useful for the real-time MRI-guided assessment of cartilage regeneration. A clinical case is reported as an in vivo demonstration, which is consistent with our in vitro results. The established quantitative relation plays a critical academic role in establishing an international standard ISO/TS24560-1:2022 'Clinical evaluation of regenerative knee articular cartilage using delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T2 mapping' drafted by us and approved by International Standard Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xian Xu
- Correspondence address. E-mail: (X.X.); (J.D.)
| | - Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Siyi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dinglingge Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Liming Xu
- Institute for Medical Device Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
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RANDHAWA AAYUSHI, DEB DUTTA SAYAN, GANGULY KEYA, V. PATIL TEJAL, LUTHFIKASARI RACHMI, LIM KITAEK. Understanding cell-extracellular matrix interactions for topology-guided tissue regeneration. BIOCELL 2023. [DOI: 10.32604/biocell.2023.026217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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16
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Barui S, Ghosh D, Laurencin CT. Osteochondral regenerative engineering: challenges, state-of-the-art and translational perspectives. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac109. [PMID: 36683736 PMCID: PMC9845524 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite quantum leaps, the biomimetic regeneration of cartilage and osteochondral regeneration remains a major challenge, owing to the complex and hierarchical nature of compositional, structural and functional properties. In this review, an account of the prevailing challenges in biomimicking the gradients in porous microstructure, cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) orientation is presented. Further, the spatial arrangement of the cues in inducing vascularization in the subchondral bone region while maintaining the avascular nature of the adjacent cartilage layer is highlighted. With rapid advancement in biomaterials science, biofabrication tools and strategies, the state-of-the-art in osteochondral regeneration since the last decade has expansively elaborated. This includes conventional and additive manufacturing of synthetic/natural/ECM-based biomaterials, tissue-specific/mesenchymal/progenitor cells, growth factors and/or signaling biomolecules. Beyond the laboratory-based research and development, the underlying challenges in translational research are also provided in a dedicated section. A new generation of biomaterial-based acellular scaffold systems with uncompromised biocompatibility and osteochondral regenerative capability is necessary to bridge the clinical demand and commercial supply. Encompassing the basic elements of osteochondral research, this review is believed to serve as a standalone guide for early career researchers, in expanding the research horizon to improve the quality of life of osteoarthritic patients affordably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Barui
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Debolina Ghosh
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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17
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Cao D, Ding J. Recent advances in regenerative biomaterials. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac098. [PMID: 36518879 PMCID: PMC9745784 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, biomaterials have evolved from the inert supports or functional substitutes to the bioactive materials able to trigger or promote the regenerative potential of tissues. The interdisciplinary progress has broadened the definition of 'biomaterials', and a typical new insight is the concept of tissue induction biomaterials. The term 'regenerative biomaterials' and thus the contents of this article are relevant to yet beyond tissue induction biomaterials. This review summarizes the recent progress of medical materials including metals, ceramics, hydrogels, other polymers and bio-derived materials. As the application aspects are concerned, this article introduces regenerative biomaterials for bone and cartilage regeneration, cardiovascular repair, 3D bioprinting, wound healing and medical cosmetology. Cell-biomaterial interactions are highlighted. Since the global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019, the review particularly mentions biomaterials for public health emergency. In the last section, perspectives are suggested: (i) creation of new materials is the source of innovation; (ii) modification of existing materials is an effective strategy for performance improvement; (iii) biomaterial degradation and tissue regeneration are required to be harmonious with each other; (iv) host responses can significantly influence the clinical outcomes; (v) the long-term outcomes should be paid more attention to; (vi) the noninvasive approaches for monitoring in vivo dynamic evolution are required to be developed; (vii) public health emergencies call for more research and development of biomaterials; and (viii) clinical translation needs to be pushed forward in a full-chain way. In the future, more new insights are expected to be shed into the brilliant field-regenerative biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinglingge Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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18
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Singh YP, Moses JC, Bandyopadhyay A, Mandal BB. 3D Bioprinted Silk-Based In Vitro Osteochondral Model for Osteoarthritis Therapeutics. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200209. [PMID: 35670084 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting of osteochondral tissue offers unique opportunities for enabling precise pharmacological interventions in osteoarthritis (OA). The current study investigates the screening potential of anti-inflammatory drugs using bioprinted inflamed human osteochondral units. The biomimetic hierarchical geometry is bioprinted using silk-based bioinks encapsulating pre-differentiated stem cells, creating an in vitro model. Inflammation is stimulated in the model, using tumor necrosis factor-alpha and Interleukin-1 beta pro-inflammatory cytokines. The resultant degeneration, akin to OA, is flagged by key markers like sulfated glycosaminoglycan, collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and downregulation of osteochondral transcript levels. In the next step, the screening of anti-inflammatory drugs is validated using celecoxib and rhein. Consequently, in the inflamed constructs, the initial upregulation of the key inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, Prostaglandin E2), is subsequently downregulated, post-drug treatment. In addition, catabolic markers (matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanase-1), indicative of hypertrophic and apoptosing chondrocytes, are significantly downregulated in the treatment groups; while the transcript and protein levels required for osteochondral health are attenuated. Therefore, the in vitro model mimicks the inflammation in the early stages of OA, and corroborates a potential high-throughput platform for screening novel anti-inflammatory drugs in OA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Joseph Christakiran Moses
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.,Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.,School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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A Biosurfactant-containing TSD Strategy to Modify Bovine Pericardial Bioprosthetic Valves for Anticalcification. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2843-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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He J, Shen R, Liu Q, Zheng S, Wang X, Gao J, Wang Q, Huang J, Ding J. RGD Nanoarrays with Nanospacing Gradient Selectively Induce Orientation and Directed Migration of Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37436-37446. [PMID: 35943249 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Directed migration of cells through cell-surface interactions is a paramount prerequisite in biomaterial-induced tissue regeneration. However, whether and how the nanoscale spatial gradient of adhesion molecules on a material surface can induce directed migration of cells is not sufficiently known. Herein, we employed block copolymer micelle nanolithography to prepare gold nanoarrays with a nanospacing gradient, which were prepared by continuously changing the dipping velocity. Then, a self-assembly monolayer technique was applied to graft arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptides on the nanodots and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on the glass background. Since RGD can trigger specific cell adhesion via conjugating with integrin (its receptor in the cell membrane) and PEG can resist protein adsorption and nonspecific cell adhesion, a nanopattern with cell-adhesion contrast and a gradient of RGD nanospacing was eventually prepared. In vitro cell behaviors were examined using endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as a demonstration. We found that SMCs exhibited significant orientation and directed migration along the nanospacing gradient, while ECs exhibited only a weak spontaneously anisotropic migration. The gradient response was also dependent upon the RGD nanospacing ranges, namely, the start and end nanospacings under a given distance and gradient. The different responses of these two cell types to the RGD nanospacing gradient provide new insights for designing cell-selective nanomaterials potentially used in cell screening, wound healing, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Runjia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
| | - Shuang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xinlei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qunsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiale Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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21
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Progress in Osteochondral Regeneration with Engineering Strategies. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:1232-1242. [PMID: 35994165 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-03060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis, the main cause of disability worldwide, involves not only cartilage injury but also subchondral bone injury, which brings challenges to clinical repair. Tissue engineering strategies provide a promising solution to this degenerative disease. Articular cartilage connects to subchondral bone through the osteochondral interfacial tissue, which has a complex anatomical architecture, distinct cell distribution and unique biomechanical properties. Forming a continuous and stable osteochondral interface between cartilage tissue and subchondral bone is challenging. Thus, successful osteochondral regeneration with engineering strategies requires intricately coordinated interplay between cells, materials, biological factors, and physical/chemical factors. This review provides an overview of the anatomical composition, microstructure, and biomechanical properties of the osteochondral interface. Additionally, the latest research on the progress related to osteochondral regeneration is reviewed, especially discussing the fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds and the regulation of biological factors for osteochondral defects.
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Wang G, Gao C, Xiao B, Zhang J, Jiang X, Wang Q, Guo J, Zhang D, Liu J, Xie Y, Shu C, Ding J. Research and clinical translation of trilayer stent-graft of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene for interventional treatment of aortic dissection. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac049. [PMID: 35958517 PMCID: PMC9362767 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening disease. The transcatheter endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) affords a minimally invasive technique to save lives of these critical patients, and an appropriate stent-graft gets to be the key medical device during an EVAR procedure. Herein, we report a trilayer stent-graft and corresponding delivery system used for the treatment of the AD disease. The stent-graft is made of nitinol stents with an asymmetric Z-wave design and two expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes. Each of inner and outer surfaces of the stent-graft was covered by an ePTFE membrane, and the two membranes were then sintered together. The biological studies of the sintered ePTFE membranes indicated that the stent-graft had excellent cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility in vitro. Both the stent-graft and the delivery system exhibited satisfactory mechanical properties and operability. The safety and efficacy of this stent-graft and the corresponding delivery system were demonstrated in vivo. In 9 canine experiments, the blood vessels of the animals implanted with the stent-grafts were of good patency, and there were no thrombus and obvious stenosis by angiography after implantation for 6 months. Furthermore, all of the 9 clinical cases experienced successful implantation using the stent-graft and its post-release delivery system, and the one-year follow-ups indicated the preliminary safety and efficacy of the trilayer stent-graft with an asymmetric Z-wave design for interventional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai, 200438, China
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Caiyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Benhao Xiao
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xunyuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qunsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jingzhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Deyuan Zhang
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jianxiong Liu
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yuehui Xie
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. , Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Chang Shu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha, 410011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Vascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University , Shanghai, 200438, China
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Wang Q, Yu X, Chen X, Gao J, Shi D, Shen Y, Tang J, He J, Li A, Yu L, Ding J. A Facile Composite Strategy to Prepare a Biodegradable Polymer Based Radiopaque Raw Material for "Visualizable" Biomedical Implants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:24197-24212. [PMID: 35580332 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enabling a biodegradable polymer radiopaque under X-ray is much desired for many medical devices. Physical blending of a present biodegradable polymer and a commercialized medical contrast agent is convenient yet lacks comprehensive fundamental research. Herein, we prepared a biodegradable polymer-based radiopaque raw material by blending poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA or simply PLA) and iohexol (IHX), where PLA constituted the continuous phase and IHX particles served as the dispersed phase. The strong X-ray adsorption of IHX enabled the composite radiopaque; the hydrolysis of the polyester and the water solubility of the contrast agent enabled the composite biodegradable in an aqueous medium. The idea was confirmed by in vitro characterizations of the resultant composite, in vivo subcutaneous implantation in rats up to 6 months, and the clear visualization of a part of a biodegradable occluder in a Bama piglet under X-ray. We also found that the crystallization of PLA was significantly enhanced in the presence of the solid particles, which should be taken into consideration in the design of an appropriate biomaterial composite because crystallization degree influences the biodegradation rate and mechanical property of a material to a large extent. We further tried to introduce a small amount of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) into the blend of PLA and IHX. Compared to the bicomponent composite, the tricomponent one exhibited decreased modulus and increased elongation at break and tensile strength. This paves more ways for researchers to select appropriate raw materials according to the regenerated tissue and the application site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xianmiao Chen
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Daokun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jingyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Junhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Anning Li
- R&D Center, Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Ding X, Gao J, Yu X, Shi J, Chen J, Yu L, Chen S, Ding J. 3D-Printed Porous Scaffolds of Hydrogels Modified with TGF-β1 Binding Peptides to Promote In Vivo Cartilage Regeneration and Animal Gait Restoration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15982-15995. [PMID: 35363484 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of cartilage injury and osteoarthritis has been a classic problem for many years. The idea of in situ tissue regeneration paves a way for osteochondral repair in vivo. Herein, a hydrogel scaffold linked with bioactive peptides that can selectively adsorb transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) was hypothesized to not only afford cell ingrowth space but also induce the endogenous TGF-β1 recruitment for chondrogenesis promotion. In this study, bilayered porous scaffolds with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels as a matrix were constructed via three-dimensional (3D) printing, of which the upper layer was covalently bound with bioactive peptides that can adsorb TGF-β1 for cartilage repair and the lower layer was blended with hydroxyapatite for subchondral regeneration. The scaffolds showed promising therapeutic efficacy proved by cartilage and osteogenic induction in vitro and osteochondral repair of rats in vivo. In particular, the animal gait behavior was recovered after the in situ tissue regeneration, and the corresponding gait analysis demonstrated the promotion of tissue regeneration induced by the porous hydrogels with the binding peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Ding
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiayue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Sharifi F, Otte A, Park K. Initial Formation of the Skin Layer of PLGA Microparticles. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101427. [PMID: 34601826 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) has been extensively used in making long-acting injectable formulations. The critical factors affecting the PLGA formulation properties have been adjusted to control the drug release kinetics and obtain desirable properties of PLGA-based drug delivery systems. The PLGA microparticle formation begins as soon as the drug/PLGA-dissolved in the organic solvent phase (oil phase) is exposed to the water phase. The initial skin (or shell) formation on the oil droplets occurs very quickly, sometimes in the matter of milliseconds, and studying the process has been difficult. The skin formation on the PLGA emulsion droplet surface that can affect the subsequent hardening steps is examined. PLGA droplets with different compositions are prepared. Using collimated light and a high-speed camera made it possible to detect the diffusion of acetonitrile from the oil phase into the water phase during the oil droplet formation. Although the skin formation is not visible on the surface of the oil phase droplet with the current setup, the droplet shapes, solid strand formation, and the difference in the spreading time suggest that the initial contact time between the oil and water phases in the range of a few seconds is critical to the properties of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrokh Sharifi
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering 206 South Martin Jischke Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Andrew Otte
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering 206 South Martin Jischke Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Kinam Park
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering 206 South Martin Jischke Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Pharmaceutics 206 South Martin Jischke Drive West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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26
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Wang J, Tang Y, Cao Q, Wu Y, Wang Y, Yuan B, Li X, Zhou Y, Chen X, Zhu X, Tu C, Zhang X. Fabrication and biological evaluation of 3D printed calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds with distinct macroporous geometries through digital light processing technology. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac005. [PMID: 35668922 PMCID: PMC9160879 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing technique holds promise in fabricating scaffolds with high precision. Here raw calcium phosphate (CaP) powders were modified by 5.5% monoalcohol ethoxylate phosphate (MAEP) to ensure high solid loading and low viscosity. The rheological tests found that photocurable slurries composed of 50 wt % modified CaP powders and 2 wt % toners were suitable for DLP printing. Based on geometric models designed by CAD system, three printed CaP ceramics with distinct macroporous structures were prepared, including simple cube, octet-truss, and inverse face-centered cube (fcc), which presented the similar phase composition and microstructure, but the different macropore geometries. Inverse-fcc group showed the highest porosity and compressive strength. The in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations were performed to compare the bioactivity of three printed CaP ceramics, and the traditional foamed ceramic was used as control. It suggested that all CaP ceramics exhibited good biocompatibility, as evidence by an even bone-like apatite layer formation on the surface, and the good cell proliferation and spreading. A mouse intramuscular implantation model found that all of CaP ceramics could induce ectopic bone formation, and Foam group had the strongest osteoinduction, followed by Inverse-fcc, while Cube and Octet-truss had the weakest one. It indicated that macropore geometry was of great importance to affect the osteoinductivity of scaffolds, and spherical, concave macropores facilitated osteogenesis. These findings provide a strategy to design and fabricate high-performance orthopedic grafts with proper pore geometry and desired biological performance via DLP-based 3D printing technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yitao Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Quanle Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yonghao Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiangfeng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuening Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Chongqi Tu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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Yu X, Li G, Zheng Y, Gao J, Fu Y, Wang Q, Huang L, Pan X, Ding J. “Invisible” orthodontics by polymeric “clear” aligners molded on 3D-printed personalized dental models. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac007. [PMID: 35414958 PMCID: PMC8992363 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The malalignment of teeth is treated classically by metal braces with alloy wires, which has an unfavorable influence on the patients appearance during the treatment. With the development of digitization, computer simulation and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, herein, a modern treatment was tried using clear polymeric aligners, which were fabricated by molding polyurethane films via thermoforming on the 3D-printed personalized dental models. The key parameters of photocurable 3D printing of dental models and the mechanical properties of the clear aligner film material were examined. The precision of a 3D-printed dental model mainly relied on characteristics of photocurable resin, the resolution of light source and the exposure condition, which determined the eventual shape of the molded clear aligner and thus the orthodontic treatment efficacy. The biocompatibility of the polyurethane film material was confirmed through cytotoxicity and hemolysis tests in vitro. Following a series of 3D-printed personalized dental models and finite element analysis to predict and plan the fabrication and orthodontic processes, corresponding clear aligners were fabricated and applied in animal experiments, which proved the efficacy and biocompatibility in vivo. Clinical treatments of 120 orthodontic cases were finally carried out with success, which highlights the advantage of the clear aligners as an esthetic, compatible and efficient appliance. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yikan Zheng
- Angelalign Research Institute, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Qunsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Angelalign Research Institute, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Xiaogang Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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28
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He Y, Zhou Z, Huang Y, Zhu W, He N, Zhu X, Han X, Liu H. An antibacterial ε-poly-L-lysine-derived bioink for 3D bioprinting applications. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8274-8281. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02800f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Limited bioinks have hindered applying 3D bioprinting to tissue engineering, and bacterial infection is a serious threat to these applications. Aiming to solve this problem, a novel ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL) derived...
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29
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Chitosan coatings with distinct innate immune bioactivities differentially stimulate angiogenesis, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in poly-caprolactone scaffolds with controlled interconnecting pore size. Bioact Mater 2021; 10:430-442. [PMID: 34901558 PMCID: PMC8636821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested whether osseous integration into poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) bioplastic scaffolds with fully-interconnecting 155 ± 8 μm pores is enhanced by an adhesive, non-inflammatory 99% degree of deacetylation (DDA) chitosan coating (99-PCL), or further incorporation of pro-inflammatory 83% DDA chitosan microparticles (83-99-PCL) to accelerate angiogenesis. New Zealand White rabbit osteochondral knee defects were press-fit with PCL, 99-PCL, 83-99-PCL, or allowed to bleed (drill-only). Between day 1 and 6 weeks of repair, drill-only defects repaired by endochondral ossification, with an 8-fold higher bone volume fraction (BVF) versus initial defects, compared to a 2-fold (99-PCL), 1.1-fold (PCL), or 0.4-fold (83-99-PCL) change in BVF. Hematoma innate immune cells swarmed to 83-99-PCL, elicited angiogenesis throughout the pores and induced slight bone resorption. PCL and 99-PCL pores were variably filled with cartilage or avascular mesenchyme near the bone plate, or angiogenic mesenchyme into which repairing trabecular bone infiltrated up to 1 mm deep. More repair cartilage covered the 99-PCL scaffold (65%) than PCL (18%) or 83-99-PCL (0%) (p < 0.005). We report the novel finding that non-inflammatory chitosan coatings promoted cartilage infiltration into and over a bioplastic scaffold, and were compatible with trabecular bone integration. This study also revealed that in vitro osteogenesis assays have limited ability to predict osseous integration into porous scaffolds, because (1) in vivo, woven bone integrates from the leading edge of regenerating trabecular bone and not from mesenchymal cells adhering to scaffold surfaces, and (2) bioactive coatings that attract inflammatory cells induce bone resorption. Porous polycaprolactone scaffolds elicited drawn-out osteochondral wound repair. Regenerating trabecular bone only infiltrated angiogenic mesenchyme free of inflammatory cells. 83% DDA chitosan stimulated sterile inflammatory angiogenesis and trabecular bone resorption. 99% DDA chitosan coatings promoted chondrogenesis inside and over the PCL articular surface.
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Maciulaitis J, Miskiniene M, Rekštytė S, Bratchikov M, Darinskas A, Simbelyte A, Daunoras G, Laurinaviciene A, Laurinavicius A, Gudas R, Malinauskas M, Maciulaitis R. Osteochondral Repair and Electromechanical Evaluation of Custom 3D Scaffold Microstructured by Direct Laser Writing Lithography. Cartilage 2021; 13:615S-625S. [PMID: 31072136 PMCID: PMC8804810 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519847745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess a novel 3D microstructured scaffold seeded with allogeneic chondrocytes (cells) in a rabbit osteochondral defect model. DESIGN Direct laser writing lithography in pre-polymers was employed to fabricate custom silicon-zirconium containing hybrid organic-inorganic (HOI) polymer SZ2080 scaffolds of a predefined morphology. Hexagon-pored HOI scaffolds were seeded with chondrocytes (cells), and tissue-engineered cartilage biocompatibility, potency, efficacy, and shelf-life in vitro was assessed by morphological, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) analysis. Osteochondral defect was created in the weight-bearing area of medial femoral condyle for in vivo study. Polymerized fibrin was added to every defect of 5 experimental groups. Cartilage repair was analyzed after 6 months using macroscopical (Oswestry Arthroscopy Score [OAS]), histological, and electromechanical quantitative potential (QP) scores. Collagen scaffold (CS) was used as a positive comparator for in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS Type II collagen gene upregulation and protein secretion was maintained up to 8 days in seeded HOI. In vivo analysis revealed improvement in all scaffold treatment groups. For the first time, electromechanical properties of a cellular-based scaffold were analyzed in a preclinical study. Cell addition did not enhance OAS but improved histological and QP scores in HOI groups. CONCLUSIONS HOI material is biocompatible for up to 8 days in vitro and is supportive of cartilage formation at 6 months in vivo. Electromechanical measurement offers a reliable quality assessment of repaired cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justinas Maciulaitis
- Institute of Sports, Lithuanian
University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania,Justinas Maciulaitis, Institute of Sports,
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes st. 18, 9 House, Kaunas 47181,
Lithuania.
| | - Milda Miskiniene
- Laboratory of Immunology, National
Institute of Cancer, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sima Rekštytė
- Laser Research Center, Faculty of
Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Maksim Bratchikov
- Department of Physiology, Biochemistry,
Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of
Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Adas Darinskas
- Laboratory of Immunology, National
Institute of Cancer, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agne Simbelyte
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate
of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Daunoras
- Non-infectious Disease Department,
Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aida Laurinaviciene
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate
of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arvydas Laurinavicius
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate
of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimtautas Gudas
- Institute of Sports, Lithuanian
University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Romaldas Maciulaitis
- Institute of Physiology and
Pharmacology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas,
Lithuania
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31
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Wei W, Dai H. Articular cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering techniques: Recent advances and challenges. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4830-4855. [PMID: 34136726 PMCID: PMC8175243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the considerable achievements in the field of regenerative medicine in the past several decades, osteochondral defect regeneration remains a challenging issue among diseases in the musculoskeletal system because of the spatial complexity of osteochondral units in composition, structure and functions. In order to repair the hierarchical tissue involving different layers of articular cartilage, cartilage-bone interface and subchondral bone, traditional clinical treatments including palliative and reparative methods have showed certain improvement in pain relief and defect filling. It is the development of tissue engineering that has provided more promising results in regenerating neo-tissues with comparable compositional, structural and functional characteristics to the native osteochondral tissues. Here in this review, some basic knowledge of the osteochondral units including the anatomical structure and composition, the defect classification and clinical treatments will be first introduced. Then we will highlight the recent progress in osteochondral tissue engineering from perspectives of scaffold design, cell encapsulation and signaling factor incorporation including bioreactor application. Clinical products for osteochondral defect repair will be analyzed and summarized later. Moreover, we will discuss the current obstacles and future directions to regenerate the damaged osteochondral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, China
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32
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Xu X, Gao J, Liu S, Chen L, Chen M, Yu X, Ma N, Zhang J, Chen X, Zhong L, Yu L, Xu L, Guo Q, Ding J. Magnetic resonance imaging for non-invasive clinical evaluation of normal and regenerated cartilage. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab038. [PMID: 34408910 PMCID: PMC8369076 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, it is much desired to establish bioimaging techniques to monitor the real-time regeneration efficacy in vivo in a non-invasive way. Herein, we tried magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate knee cartilage regeneration after implanting a biomaterial scaffold seeded with chondrocytes, namely, matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI). After summary of the T2 mapping and the T1-related delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) in vitro and in vivo in the literature, these two MRI techniques were tried clinically. In this study, 18 patients were followed up for 1 year. It was found that there was a significant difference between the regeneration site and the neighboring normal site (control), and the difference gradually diminished with regeneration time up to 1 year according to both the quantitative T1 and T2 MRI methods. We further established the correlation between the quantitative evaluation of MRI and the clinical Lysholm scores for the first time. Hence, the MRI technique was confirmed to be a feasible semi-quantitative yet non-invasive way to evaluate the in vivo regeneration of knee articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, No. 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries of PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Institute for Medical Device Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, No. 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries of PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaobin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, No. 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lisen Zhong
- Department of Radiology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, No. 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Liming Xu
- Institute for Medical Device Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries of PLA, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, No. 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200438, China
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33
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Huang Y, Zhou Z, Hu Y, He N, Li J, Han X, Zhao G, Liu H. Modified mannan for 3D bioprinting: a potential novel bioink for tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34348252 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac1ab4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting technology displays many advantages for tissue engineering applications, but its utilization is limited by veryfew bioinks available for biofabrication. In this study, a novel type of bioink, which includes three methacryloyl modifiedmannans, was introduced to 3D bioprinting for tissue engineering applications. Yeast mannan (YM) was modified by reactingwith methacrylate anhydride (MA) at different concentrations, and three YM derived bioinks were obtained, which weretermed as YM-MA-1, YM-MA-2 and YM-MA-3 and were distinguished with different adjusted methacrylation degrees. TheYM derived bioink displayed an advantage that the mechanical properties of its photo-cured hydrogels can be enhanced withits methacrylation degree. Hence, YM derived bioinks are fitted for the mechanical requirements of most soft tissueengineering, including cartilage tissue engineering. By selecting chondrocytes as the testing cells, well cytocompatibility of YM-MA-1, YM-MA-2 had been confirmed by CCK-8 method. Following photo-crosslinking and implantation into SD rats for 4 weeks, thein vivobiocompatibility of the YM-MA-2 hydrogel is acceptable for tissue engineering applications. Hence, YM-MA-2 was chosen for 3D bioprinting. Our data demonstrated that hydrogel products with designed shape and living chondrocytes have been printed by applying YM-MA-2 as the bioink carrying chondrocytes. After the YM-MA-2 hydrogel with encapsulated chondrocytes was implanted subcutaneously in nude mice for 2 weeks, GAG and COLII secretion was confirmed by histological staining in YM-MA-2-H, indicating that the YM derived bioink can be potentially applied to tissue engineering by employing a 3D printer of stereolithography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbing Hu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqun Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
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34
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Fabrication of 3D-Printed Interpenetrating Hydrogel Scaffolds for Promoting Chondrogenic Differentiation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132146. [PMID: 34209853 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited self-healing ability of cartilage necessitates the application of alternative tissue engineering strategies for repairing the damaged tissue and restoring its normal function. Compared to conventional tissue engineering strategies, three-dimensional (3D) printing offers a greater potential for developing tissue-engineered scaffolds. Herein, we prepared a novel photocrosslinked printable cartilage ink comprising of polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and chondroitin sulfate methacrylate (CSMA). The PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed favorable compressive elastic modulus and degradation rate. In vitro experiments showed good adhesion, proliferation, and F-actin and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the scaffolds. When the CSMA concentration was increased, the compressive elastic modulus, GAG production, and expression of F-actin and cartilage-specific genes (COL2, ACAN, SOX9, PRG4) were significantly improved while the osteogenic marker genes of COL1 and ALP were decreased. The findings of the study indicate that the 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffolds possessed not only adequate mechanical strength but also maintained a suitable 3D microenvironment for differentiation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix production of BMSCs, which suggested this customizable 3D-printed PEGDA-GelMA-CSMA scaffold may have great potential for cartilage repair and regeneration in vivo.
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35
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Rao W, Cai C, Tang J, Wei Y, Gao C, Yu L, Ding J. Coordination Insertion Mechanism of
Ring‐Opening
Polymerization of Lactide Catalyzed by Stannous Octoate
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weihan Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Caiyun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jingyu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Yiman Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Caiyun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
- Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute Zhuhai Guangdong 519000 China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
- Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute Zhuhai Guangdong 519000 China
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36
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Khandaker M, Kotturi H, Progri H, Tummala S, Nikfarjam S, Rao P, Hosna A, Arasu DT, Williams W, Haleem AM. In vitroand in vivoeffect of polycaprolactone nanofiber coating on polyethylene glycol diacrylate scaffolds for intervertebral disc repair. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 33915528 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abfd12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) is an important class of photosensitive polymer with many tissue engineering applications. This study compared PEGDA and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber matrix (NFM) coated PEGDA, referred to as PCL-PEGDA, scaffolds for their application in multiple tissue repair such as articular cartilage, nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc (IVD). We examined each scaffold morphology, porosity, swelling ratio, degradation, mechanical strength, andin vitrocytocompatibility properties. A defect was created in Sprague Dawley rat tail IVD by scraping native cartilage tissue and disc space, then implanting the scaffolds in the disc space for 4 weeks to evaluatein vivoefficacy of multi-tissue repair. Maintenance of disc height and creation of a new cell matrix was assessed to evaluate each scaffold's ability to repair the tissue defect. Although both PEGDA and PCL-PEGDA scaffolds showed similar porosity ∼73%, we observed distinct topographical characteristics and a higher effect of degradation on the water-absorbing capacity for PEGDA compared to PCL-PEGDA. Mechanical tests showed higher compressive strength and modulus of PCL-PEGDA compared to PEGDA.In vitrocell studies show that the PCL NFM layer covering PEGDA improved osteoblast cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration into the PEGDA layer.In vivostudies concluded that the PEGDA scaffold alone was not ideal for implantation in rat caudal disc space without PCL nanofiber coating due to low compressive strength and modulus.In vivoresults confirm that the PCL-PEGDA scaffold-maintained disc space and created a proteoglycan and collagen-rich new tissue matrix in the defect site after 4 weeks of scaffold implantation. We concluded that our developed PCL-PEGDA has the potential to be used in multi-tissue defect site repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khandaker
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - H Kotturi
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - H Progri
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - S Tummala
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - S Nikfarjam
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - P Rao
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - A Hosna
- Department of Engineering & Physics, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - D T Arasu
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, United States of America
| | - W Williams
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Edmond, Ok, United States of America
| | - A M Haleem
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Edmond, Ok, United States of America.,Department of Orthopedics, Cairo University College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
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37
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Yao X, Wang X, Ding J. Exploration of possible cell chirality using material techniques of surface patterning. Acta Biomater 2021; 126:92-108. [PMID: 33684535 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Consistent left-right (LR) asymmetry or chirality is critical for embryonic development and function maintenance. While chirality on either molecular or organism level has been well established, that on the cellular level has remained an open question for a long time. Although it remains unclear whether chirality exists universally on the cellular level, valuable efforts have recently been made to explore this fundamental topic pertinent to both cell biology and biomaterial science. The development of material fabrication techniques, surface patterning, in particular, has afforded a unique platform to study cell-material interactions. By using patterning techniques, chirality on the cellular level has been examined for cell clusters and single cells in vitro in well-designed experiments. In this review, we first introduce typical fabrication techniques of surface patterning suitable for cell studies and then summarize the main aspects of preliminary evidence of cell chirality on patterned surfaces to date. We finally indicate the limitations of the studies conducted thus far and describe the perspectives of future research in this challenging field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: While both biomacromolecules and organisms can exhibit chirality, it is not yet conclusive whether a cell has left-right (LR) asymmetry. It is important yet challenging to study and reveal the possible existence of cell chirality. By using the technique of surface patterning, the recent decade has witnessed progress in the exploration of possible cell chirality within cell clusters and single cells. Herein, some important preliminary evidence of cell chirality is collected and analyzed. The open questions and perspectives are also described to promote further investigations of cell chirality in biomaterials.
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38
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Amann E, Amirall A, Franco AR, Poh PSP, Sola Dueñas FJ, Fuentes Estévez G, Leonor IB, Reis RL, van Griensven M, Balmayor ER. A Graded, Porous Composite of Natural Biopolymers and Octacalcium Phosphate Guides Osteochondral Differentiation of Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001692. [PMID: 33448144 PMCID: PMC11468142 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lesions involving the osteochondral unit are difficult to treat. Biomimetic scaffolds are previously shown as promising alternative. Such devices often lack multiple functional layers that mimic bone, cartilage, and the interface. In this study, multilayered scaffolds are developed based on the use of natural extracellular matrix (ECM)-like biopolymers. Particular attention is paid to obtain a complex matrix that mimics the native osteochondral transition. Porous, sponge-like chitosan-collagen-octacalcium phosphate (OCP) scaffolds are obtained. Collagen content increases while the amount of OCP particles decreases toward the cartilage layer. The scaffolds are bioactive as a mineral layer is deposited containing hydroxyapatite at the bony side. The scaffolds stimulate proliferation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, but the degree of proliferation depends on the cell seeding density. The scaffolds give rise to a zone-specific gene expression. RUNX2, COL1A1, BGLAP, and SPP1 are upregulated in the bony layer of the scaffold. SOX9 is upregulated concomitant with COL2A1 expression in the cartilage zone. Mineralization in presence of the cells is prominent in the bone area with Ca and P steadily increasing over time. These results are encouraging for the fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds using ECM-like materials and featuring gradients that mimic native tissues and their interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Amann
- Experimental Trauma SurgeryKlinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunich81675Germany
| | | | - Albina R. Franco
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs‐Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAveparkBarcoGuimarães4805‐017Portugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBragaGuimarãesPortugal
| | - Patrina S. P. Poh
- Experimental Trauma SurgeryKlinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunich81675Germany
- Julius Wolff InstituteCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin13353BerlinGermany
| | | | | | - Isabel B. Leonor
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs‐Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAveparkBarcoGuimarães4805‐017Portugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBragaGuimarãesPortugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs‐Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAveparkBarcoGuimarães4805‐017Portugal
- ICVS/3B's—PT Government Associate LaboratoryBragaGuimarãesPortugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineHeadquarters at University of MinhoAveparkBarcoGuimarães4805‐017Portugal
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Experimental Trauma SurgeryKlinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunich81675Germany
- Department of Cell Biology‐Inspired Tissue EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- Experimental Trauma SurgeryKlinikum rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunich81675Germany
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials EngineeringMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229 ERThe Netherlands
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39
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Cao R, Zhan A, Ci Z, Wang C, She Y, Xu Y, Xiao K, Xia H, Shen L, Meng D, Chen C. A Biomimetic Biphasic Scaffold Consisting of Decellularized Cartilage and Decalcified Bone Matrixes for Osteochondral Defect Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639006. [PMID: 33681223 PMCID: PMC7933472 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is challenging to develop a biphasic scaffold with biomimetic compositional, structural, and functional properties to achieve concomitant repair of both superficial cartilage and subchondral bone in osteochondral defects (OCDs). This study developed a biomimsubchondraletic biphasic scaffold for OCD repair via an iterative layered lyophilization technique that controlled the composition, substrate stiffness, and pore size in each phase of the scaffold. The biphasic scaffold consisted of a superficial decellularized cartilage matrix (DCM) and underlying decalcified bone matrix (DBM) with distinct but seamlessly integrated phases that mimicked the composition and structure of osteochondral tissue, in which the DCM phase had relative low stiffness and small pores (approximately 134 μm) and the DBM phase had relative higher stiffness and larger pores (approximately 336 μm). In vitro results indicated that the biphasic scaffold was biocompatible for bone morrow stem cells (BMSCs) adhesion and proliferation, and the superficial DCM phase promoted chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, as indicated by the up-regulation of cartilage-specific gene expression (ACAN, Collagen II, and SOX9) and sGAG secretion; whereas the DBM phase was inducive for osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, as indicated by the up-regulation of bone-specific gene expression (Collagen I, OCN, and RUNX2) and ALP deposition. Furthermore, compared with the untreated control group, the biphasic scaffold significantly enhanced concomitant repair of superficial cartilage and underlying subchondral bone in a rabbit OCD model, as evidenced by the ICRS macroscopic and O’Driscoll histological assessments. Our results demonstrate that the biomimetic biphasic scaffold has a good osteochondral repair effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runfeng Cao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Zhan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, China.,Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng Ci
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, China.,Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlang She
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiyan Xiao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, China
| | - Huitang Xia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, China.,Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Weifang Medical College, Shandong, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Depeng Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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40
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Gao J, Ding X, Yu X, Chen X, Zhang X, Cui S, Shi J, Chen J, Yu L, Chen S, Ding J. Cell-Free Bilayered Porous Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration Fabricated by Continuous 3D-Printing Using Nascent Physical Hydrogel as Ink. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001404. [PMID: 33225617 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage is difficult to self-repair and it is more challenging to repair an osteochondral defects concerning both cartilage and subchondral bone. Herein, it is hypothesized that a bilayered porous scaffold composed of a biomimetic gelatin hydrogel may, despite no external seeding cells, induce osteochondral regeneration in vivo after being implanted into mammal joints. This idea is confirmed based on the successful continuous 3D-printing of the bilayered scaffolds combined with the sol-gel transition of the aqueous solution of a gelatin derivative (physical gelation) and photocrosslinking of the gelatin methacryloyl (gelMA) macromonomers (chemical gelation). At the direct printing step, a nascent physical hydrogel is extruded, taking advantage of non-Newtonian and thermoresponsive rheological properties of this 3D-printing ink. In particular, a series of crosslinked gelMA (GelMA) and GelMA-hydroxyapatite bilayered hydrogel scaffolds are fabricated to evaluate the influence of the spacing of 3D-printed filaments on osteochondral regeneration in a rabbit model. The moderately spaced scaffolds output excellent regeneration of cartilage with cartilaginous lacunae and formation of subchondral bone. Thus, tricky rheological behaviors of soft matter can be employed to improve 3D-printing, and the bilayered hybrid scaffold resulting from the continuous 3D-printing is promising as a biomaterial to regenerate articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Xiaoquan Ding
- Center of Sports Medicine Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Xiaoye Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Xiaobin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Center of Sports Medicine Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Shuquan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jiayue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Jun Chen
- Center of Sports Medicine Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Center of Sports Medicine Department of Sports Medicine Huashan Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China
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41
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Zhao D, Zhu T, Li J, Cui L, Zhang Z, Zhuang X, Ding J. Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid)-based composite bone-substitute materials. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:346-360. [PMID: 32954053 PMCID: PMC7475521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Research and development of the ideal artificial bone-substitute materials to replace autologous and allogeneic bones for repairing bone defects is still a challenge in clinical orthopedics. Recently, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based artificial bone-substitute materials are attracting increasing attention as the benefit of their suitable biocompatibility, degradability, mechanical properties, and capabilities to promote bone regeneration. In this article, we comprehensively review the artificial bone-substitute materials made from PLGA or the composites of PLGA and other organic and inorganic substances, elaborate on their applications for bone regeneration with or without bioactive factors, and prospect the challenges and opportunities in clinical bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoyi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshandong Road, Shenyang, 110032, PR China
| | - Tongtong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Liguo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshandong Road, Shenyang, 110032, PR China
| | - Xiuli Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, PR China
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Prochor P, Gryko A. Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Porosity and Pore Geometry on Functionality of Scaffolds Designated for Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010109. [PMID: 33383866 PMCID: PMC7796183 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scaffolds are vital for orthopedic regenerative medicine. Therefore, comprehensive studies evaluating their functionality with consideration of variable parameters are needed. The research aim was to evaluate pore geometry and scaffold porosity influence on first, cell culture efficiency in a perfusion bioreactor and second, osteogenic cell diffusion after its implantation. METHODS For the studies, five pore geometries were selected (triangular prism with a rounded and a flat profile, cube, octagonal prism, sphere) and seven porosities (up to 80%), on the basis of which 70 models were created for finite element analyses. First, scaffolds were placed inside a flow channel to estimate growth medium velocity and wall shear stress. Secondly, scaffolds were placed in a bone to evaluate osteogenic cell diffusion. RESULTS In terms of fluid minimal velocity (0.005 m/s) and maximal wall shear stress (100 mPa), only cubic and octagonal pores with 30% porosity and spherical pores with 20% porosity fulfilled the requirements. Spherical pores had the highest osteogenic cell diffusion efficiency for porosities up to 30%. For higher porosities, the octagonal prism's pores gave the best results up to 80%, where no differences were noted. CONCLUSIONS The data obtained allows for the appropriate selection of pore geometry and scaffold porosity for orthopedic regenerative medicine.
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43
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Frassica MT, Grunlan MA. Perspectives on Synthetic Materials to Guide Tissue Regeneration for Osteochondral Defect Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4324-4336. [PMID: 33455185 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative engineering holds the potential to treat clinically pervasive osteochondral defects (OCDs). In a synthetic materials-guided approach, the scaffold's chemical and physical properties alone instruct cellular behavior in order to effect regeneration, referred to herein as "instructive" properties. While this alleviates the costs and off-target risks associated with exogenous growth factors, the scaffold must be potently instructive to achieve tissue growth. Moreover, toward achieving functionality, such a scaffold should also recapitulate the spatial complexity of the osteochondral tissues. Thus, in addition to the regeneration of the articular cartilage and underlying cancellous bone, the complex osteochondral interface, composed of calcified cartilage and subchondral bone, should also be restored. In this Perspective, we highlight recent synthetic-based, instructive osteochondral scaffolds that have leveraged new material chemistries as well as innovative fabrication strategies. In particular, scaffolds with spatially complex chemical and morphological features have been prepared with electrospinning, solvent-casting-particulate-leaching, freeze-drying, and additive manufacturing. While few synthetic scaffolds have advanced to clinical studies to treat OCDs, these recent efforts point to the promising use of the chemical and physical properties of synthetic materials for regeneration of osteochondral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Frassica
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2120, United States
| | - Melissa A Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2120, United States.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
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Xie Y, Hu C, Feng Y, Li D, Ai T, Huang Y, Chen X, Huang L, Tan J. Osteoimmunomodulatory effects of biomaterial modification strategies on macrophage polarization and bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:233-245. [PMID: 32523726 PMCID: PMC7266668 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials as bone substitutes are always considered as foreign bodies that can trigger host immune responses. Traditional designing principles have been always aimed at minimizing the immune reactions by fabricating inert biomaterials. However, clinical evidence revealed that those methods still have limitations and many of which were only feasible in the laboratory. Currently, osteoimmunology, the very pioneering concept is drawing more and more attention-it does not simply regard the immune response as an obstacle during bone healing but emphasizes the intimate relationship of the immune and skeletal system, which includes diverse cells, cytokines, and signaling pathways. Properties of biomaterials like topography, wettability, surface charge, the release of cytokines, mediators, ions and other bioactive molecules can impose effects on immune responses to interfere with the skeletal system. Based on the bone formation mechanisms, the designing methods of the biomaterials change from immune evasive to immune reprogramming. Here, we discuss the osteoimmunomodulatory effects of the new modification strategies-adjusting properties of bone biomaterials to induce a favorable osteoimmune environment. Such strategies showed potential to benefit the development of bone materials and lay a solid foundation for the future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Ai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yulei Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Lijia Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
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Pashneh-Tala S, Moorehead R, Claeyssens F. Hybrid manufacturing strategies for tissue engineering scaffolds using methacrylate functionalised poly(glycerol sebacate). J Biomater Appl 2020; 34:1114-1130. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328219898385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Poly(glycerol sebacate) is an attractive biomaterial for tissue engineering due to its biocompatibility, elasticity and rapid degradation rate. However, poly(glycerol sebacate) requires harsh processing conditions, involving high temperatures and vacuum for extended periods, to produce an insoluble polymer matrix. These conditions make generating accurate and intricate geometries from poly(glycerol sebacate), such as those required for tissue engineering scaffolds, difficult. Functionalising poly(glycerol sebacate) with methacrylate groups produces a photocurable polymer, poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate, which can be rapidly crosslinked into an insoluble matrix. Capitalising on these improved processing capabilities, here, we present a variety of approaches for fabricating porous tissue engineering scaffolds from poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate using sucrose porogen leaching combined with other manufacturing methods. Mould-based techniques were used to produce porous disk-shaped and tubular scaffolds. Porogen size was shown to influence scaffold porosity and mechanical performance, and the porous poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate scaffolds supported the proliferation of primary fibroblasts in vitro. Additionally, scaffolds with spatially variable mechanical properties were generated by combining variants of poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate with different stiffness. Finally, subtractive and additive manufacturing methods were developed with the capabilities to generate porous poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate scaffolds from digital designs. These hybrid manufacturing strategies offer the ability to produce accurate macroscale poly(glycerol sebacate)-methacrylate scaffolds with tailored microscale porosity and spatially resolved mechanical properties suitable for a broad range of applications across tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Moorehead
- Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Duan P, Pan Z, Cao L, Gao J, Yao H, Liu X, Guo R, Liang X, Dong J, Ding J. Restoration of osteochondral defects by implanting bilayered poly(lactide- co-glycolide) porous scaffolds in rabbit joints for 12 and 24 weeks. J Orthop Translat 2019; 19:68-80. [PMID: 31844615 PMCID: PMC6896725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the ageing of the population and the increase of sports injuries, the number of joint injuries has increased greatly. Tissue engineering or tissue regeneration is an important method to repair articular cartilage defects. While it has recently been paid much attention to use bilayered porous scaffolds to repair both cartilage and subchondral bone, it is interesting to examine to what extent a bilayer scaffold composed of the same kind of the biodegradable polymer poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) can restore an osteochondral defect. Herein, we fabricated bilayered PLGA scaffolds and used a rabbit model to examine the efficacy of implanting the porous scaffolds with or without bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The present manuscript reports the regenerative potential up to 24 weeks. METHODS The osteochondral defect, 4 mm in diameter and 5 mm in depth, was created in the medial condyle of each knee in 23 rabbits. The bilayered PLGA scaffolds with a pore size of 100-200 μm in the chondral layer and a pore size of 300-450 μm in the osseous layer, seeded with or without BMSCs in the chondral layer, were then transplanted into the osteochondral defect of each knee. The osteochondral defect created in the same manner was untreated to act as the control. At 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively, condyles were harvested and analyzed using histology, immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and biomechanical testing to evaluate the efficacy of osteochondral repair. RESULTS No joint erosion, inflammation, swelling, or deformity was observed, and all animals maintained a full range of motion. Compared with the untreated blank group, the groups implanting the bilayered scaffolds with or without cells exhibited much better resurfacing, similar to the surrounding normal tissue. The histological scores of neotissues repaired by the scaffold with cells were closer to that of normal tissue. Although the biomechanical properties of neotissues were not as good as the normal tissue, no significant difference was found between the gene levels of neotissues repaired by the scaffold with or without cells and that of the normal tissue. The repair of the osteochondral defect tends to be stable 12 weeks after implantation. CONCLUSIONS Our bilayered PLGA porous scaffold supports long-term osteochondral repair via in vivo tissue engineering or regeneration, and its effect can be further facilitated under the scaffold seeded with allogenic BMSCs. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE The bilayered PLGA porous scaffold can facilitate the repair of osteochondral defects and has potential for application in osteochondral tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingguo Duan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhen Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Haoqun Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiangnan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Runsheng Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiangyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiandong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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47
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Rezaie F, Momeni-Moghaddam M, Naderi-Meshkin H. Regeneration and Repair of Skin Wounds: Various Strategies for Treatment. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2019; 18:247-261. [PMID: 31257948 DOI: 10.1177/1534734619859214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skin as a mechanical barrier between the inner and outer environment of our body protects us against infection and electrolyte loss. This organ consists of 3 layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Any disruption in the integrity of skin leads to the formation of wounds, which are divided into 2 main categories: acute wounds and chronic wounds. Generally, acute wounds heal relatively faster. In contrast to acute wounds, closure of chronic wounds is delayed by 3 months after the initial insult. Treatment of chronic wounds has been one of the most challenging issues in the field of regenerative medicine, promoting scientists to develop various therapeutic strategies for a fast, qualified, and most cost-effective treatment modality. Here, we reviewed more recent approaches, including the development of stem cell therapy, tissue-engineered skin substitutes, and skin equivalents, for the healing of complex wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Rezaie
- Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.,Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
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48
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Al-Sabah A, Burnell SE, Simoes IN, Jessop Z, Badiei N, Blain E, Whitaker IS. Structural and mechanical characterization of crosslinked and sterilised nanocellulose-based hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 212:242-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Liang X, Gao J, Xu W, Wang X, Shen Y, Tang J, Cui S, Yang X, Liu Q, Yu L, Ding J. Structural mechanics of 3D-printed poly(lactic acid) scaffolds with tetragonal, hexagonal and wheel-like designs. Biofabrication 2019; 11:035009. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab0f59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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50
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Salonius E, Muhonen V, Lehto K, Järvinen E, Pyhältö T, Hannula M, Aula AS, Uppstu P, Haaparanta A, Rosling A, Kellomäki M, Kiviranta I. Gas‐foamed poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) and poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) with bioactive glass fibres demonstrate insufficient bone repair in lapine osteochondral defects. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:406-415. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eve Salonius
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Clinicum, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Virpi Muhonen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Clinicum, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Kalle Lehto
- Department of Electronics and Communications EngineeringTampere University of Technology, BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology Tampere Finland
| | - Elina Järvinen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Clinicum, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Tuomo Pyhältö
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyHelsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Markus Hannula
- Department of Electronics and Communications EngineeringTampere University of Technology, BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology Tampere Finland
| | - Antti S. Aula
- Department of Electronics and Communications EngineeringTampere University of Technology, BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology Tampere Finland
- Department of Medical Physics, Imaging CentreTampere University Hospital Tampere Finland
| | - Peter Uppstu
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological InterfacesÅbo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Anne‐Marie Haaparanta
- Department of Electronics and Communications EngineeringTampere University of Technology, BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology Tampere Finland
| | - Ari Rosling
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological InterfacesÅbo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Minna Kellomäki
- Department of Electronics and Communications EngineeringTampere University of Technology, BioMediTech, Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology Tampere Finland
| | - Ilkka Kiviranta
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Clinicum, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyHelsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
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