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Huang J, Tang J, Zhang C, Liu T, Deng Z, Liu L. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis uncovers heterogeneity in the labial gland microenvironment of primary Sjögren's syndrome. J Transl Autoimmun 2024; 9:100248. [PMID: 39131726 PMCID: PMC11314884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2024.100248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with an unclear pathogenetic mechanism in the labial gland. This study aims to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to the development of this disease. Methods Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on 32,337 cells of labial glands from three pSS patients and three healthy individuals. We analyzed all cell subsets implicated in pSS pathogenesis. Results Our research revealed diminished differentiation among epithelial cells, concomitant with an enhancement of interferons (IFNs)-mediated signaling pathways. This indicates a cellular functional shift in reaction to inflammatory triggers. Moreover, we observed an augmentation in the population of myofibroblasts and endothelial cells, likely due to the intensified IFNs signaling, suggesting a possible reconfiguration of tissue structure and vascular networks in the impacted regions. Within the immune landscape, there was an apparent increase in immunosuppressive macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), pointing to an adaptive immune mechanism aimed at modulating inflammation and averting excessive tissue harm. Elevated activation levels of CD4+T cells, along with a rise in regulatory T (Treg) cells, were noted, indicating a nuanced immune interplay designed to manage the inflammatory response. In the CD8+T cell subsests, we detected a notable increase in cells expressing granzyme K (GZMK), signaling an intensified cytotoxic activity. Additionally, the escalated presence of T cells with high levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) suggests a cellular stress condition, possibly associated with persistent low-grade inflammation, mirroring the chronic aspect of the condition. Conclusions Our research identified distinct stromal and immune cell populations linked to pSS, revealing new potential targets for its management. The activation of myeloid, B, and T cells could contribute to pSS pathogenesis, providing important guidance for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215300, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215300, China
| | - Zhiyong Deng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215300, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215300, China
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Schrijver B, Göpfert J, La Distia Nora R, Putera I, Nagtzaam NM, Smits te Nijenhuis MA, van Rijswijk AL, ten Berge JC, van Laar JA, van Hagen PM, Dik WA. Increased serum interferon activity in sarcoidosis compared to that in tuberculosis: Implication for diagnosis? Heliyon 2024; 10:e37103. [PMID: 39309852 PMCID: PMC11416298 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study, we measured serum interferon (IFN) levels and activity in patients with sarcoidosis and tuberculosis (TB) with and without uveitis. We aimed to understand the role of IFN in the pathophysiology of both conditions and explore its potential as a discriminating marker for these clinically similar diseases. Methods Sera from an Indonesian TB and a Dutch sarcoidosis cohort were used in the analysis. IFNα2 and IFNγ concentrations were measured using Simoa® and Luminex assays, respectively. Serum IFN activity was assessed by incubating THP-1 cells with patient serum and measuring IFN-stimulated gene transcription using qPCR. Anti-IFNα2 and IFNγ autoantibodies were detected via Luminex assay and tested for neutralizing capacity using a flow cytometry-based signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 phosphorylation inhibition assay. Results IFNα2 was detected in 74 % and 64 % of patients with sarcoidosis and pulmonary TB, respectively, while IFNγ was found in 78 % and 23 % of patients with sarcoidosis and TB, respectively. For uveitis cases specifically, IFNα2 was detected in 85 % of sarcoid uveitis (SU) and 33 % of tubercular uveitis (TBU) cases. Similarly, IFNγ was detected in 69 % of SU and 17 % of TBU cases. IFNγ serum concentrations were higher in sarcoidosis than that in TB patients (p < 0.0001). Focusing on patients with uveitis, SU showed increased IFNα2 (p = 0.004) and IFNγ (p < 0.002) serum concentrations compared to that in TBU. Notably, TBU displayed significantly reduced IFNα2 concentrations compared to that in healthy controls (p = 0.006). These results align with the increased interferon stimulated gene (ISG) transcriptional upregulation observed in THP-1 cells stimulated with serum from patients with sarcoidosis. Elevated levels of non-neutralizing anti-IFN autoantibodies were observed in patients with TB; however, these levels were similar to those observed in geographically matched healthy Indonesian controls. Conclusion Our results suggest decreased serum levels and activity of type I and II IFN in TB compared to those in sarcoidosis. This is indicative of distinct pathophysiological processes in these highly clinically similar diseases. We propose that the assessment of serum IFN levels and IFN activity has the potential to distinguish between sarcoidosis/SU and TB/TBU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Schrijver
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jens Göpfert
- Department of Applied Biomarkers and Immunoassays, NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Rina La Distia Nora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ikhwanuliman Putera
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole M.A.N. Nagtzaam
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marja A.W. Smits te Nijenhuis
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angelique L.C.T. van Rijswijk
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan A.M. van Laar
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P. Martin van Hagen
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, section Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Dik
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Liu S, Chen H, Tang L, Liu M, Chen J, Wang D. WGCNA and machine learning analysis identifi ed SAMD9 and IFIT3 as primary Sjögren's Syndrome key genes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29652. [PMID: 38707449 PMCID: PMC11068537 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Current treatments for primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) are with limited effect, partially due to the heterogeneity and uncleared mechanism. Methods We got GSE40568 (Japan) and GSE40611 (USA), and analyzed them with WGCNA to find key Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between pSS and healthy salivary glands (SG). Key pSS genes (KPGs) were further selected through 3 machine-learning methods. The expression of KPGs was validated via two other GEO datasets (GSE127952 and GSE154926). Infiltrated immune cells, ceRNA network, and potential compounds were explored. Results Our study identified 376 DEGs from the pSS patients, with 186 genes located in the "plum2" module, showing the strongest correlation with clinical characteristics. SAMD9 and IFIT3 emerged as KPGs with excellent diagnostic potential. SAMD9 demonstrated close association with immune cell infiltration. We constructed a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network comprising 2 KPGs, 12 miRNAs, 124 lncRNAs, and potential therapeutic targets. Conclusion In the investigation of pSS public datasets, our study revealed two potential critical mediators in the pathological process of pSS salivary glands, namely SAMD9 and IFIT3. Furthermore, we put forth a hypothesis regarding the ceRNA network and made predictions regarding potential therapeutic drugs targeting these two genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China
| | - Hongzhen Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China
| | - Mian Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, China
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Zhang N, Ji C, Bao X, Peng X, Tang M, Yuan C. Uncovering potential new biomarkers and immune infiltration characteristics in primary Sjögren's syndrome by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35534. [PMID: 37832090 PMCID: PMC10578719 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is known as autoimmune disease characterized by damage to endocrine glands, such as the salivary and lacrimal glands. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers for pSS using integrated bioinformatics analysis and explore the relationship between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and immune infiltration. Three pSS datasets (GSE7451, GSE23117, and GSE40611) from the gene expression omnibus database were integrated. All the datasets were processed in R (version 4.0.3). A total of 16 immune cells and 13 immune functions were obtained. The top immune cell and immune function were "activated" dendritic cells and major histocompatibility complex class I. Correlation analysis showed the top correlation among 16 immune cells were B cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, check-point and T cell co-stimulation, respectively. In comparisons of immune score, "activated" dendritic cells (.657 vs 594, P < .001), B cells (.492 vs 434, P = .004), macrophages (.631 vs 601, P = .010), inflammation-promoting (.545 vs 478, P < .001), Type I interferon Reponse (.728 vs 625, P < .001) and so on were higher in pSS than control group. In correlation analysis, the up-regulation of interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 gene was strongly correlated with Type I interferon response with a correlation coefficient of .87. The receiver operating characteristic curve of 5 genes showed that the area under curve was.891. In the verification model, the area under curve was.881. In addition, disease ontology analysis supported the association between DEGs and pSS. In summary, pSS has a variety of DEGs in immune infiltration, which is worthy of the attention from clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naidan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peoples Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Chaixia Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peoples Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Xiao Bao
- Department of Rheumatology, Peoples Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
| | - Xinyin Peng
- Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Maoju Tang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chengliang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peoples Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, China
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Ciurtin C. Potential relevance of type I interferon-related biomarkers for the management of polygenic autoimmune rheumatic diseases with childhood onset. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:1733-1736. [PMID: 37246197 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London, WC1E 6JF, UK.
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Rodríguez-Carrio J, Burska A, Conaghan PG, Dik WA, Biesen R, Eloranta ML, Cavalli G, Visser M, Boumpas DT, Bertsias G, Wahren-Herlenius M, Rehwinkel J, Frémond ML, Crow MK, Rönnblom L, Versnel MA, Vital EM. 2022 EULAR points to consider for the measurement, reporting and application of IFN-I pathway activation assays in clinical research and practice. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:754-762. [PMID: 36858821 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2022-223628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type I interferons (IFN-Is) play a role in a broad range of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs), and compelling evidence suggests that their measurement could have clinical value, although testing has not progressed into clinical settings. OBJECTIVE To develop evidence-based points to consider (PtC) for the measurement and reporting of IFN-I assays in clinical research and to determine their potential clinical utility. METHODS EULAR standardised operating procedures were followed. A task force including rheumatologists, immunologists, translational scientists and a patient partner was formed. Two systematic reviews were conducted to address methodological and clinical questions. PtC were formulated based on the retrieved evidence and expert opinion. Level of evidence and agreement was determined. RESULTS Two overarching principles and 11 PtC were defined. The first set (PtC 1-4) concerned terminology, assay characteristics and reporting practices to enable more consistent reporting and facilitate translation and collaborations. The second set (PtC 5-11) addressed clinical applications for diagnosis and outcome assessments, including disease activity, prognosis and prediction of treatment response. The mean level of agreement was generally high, mainly in the first PtC set and for clinical applications in systemic lupus erythematosus. Harmonisation of assay methodology and clinical validation were key points for the research agenda. CONCLUSIONS IFN-I assays have a high potential for implementation in the clinical management of RMDs. Uptake of these PtC will facilitate the progress of IFN-I assays into clinical practice and may be also of interest beyond rheumatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rodríguez-Carrio
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain
| | - Agata Burska
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
| | - Willem A Dik
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Biesen
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Department of Rheumatology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maija-Leena Eloranta
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giulio Cavalli
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianne Visser
- EULAR PARE Patient Research Partner, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Medicine, University of Crete, Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- University of Crete, Medical School, Department of Rheumatology-Clinical Immunology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marie Wahren-Herlenius
- Karolinska Institutet, Division of Rheumatology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Rehwinkel
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marie-Louise Frémond
- Université de Paris Cité, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Immuno-Hématologie et Rhumatologie pédiatriques, Paris, France
| | - Mary K Crow
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Mary Kirkland Center for Lupus Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marjan A Versnel
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Immunology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edward M Vital
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK
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7
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Cooles FAH, Tarn J, Lendrem DW, Naamane N, Lin CM, Millar B, Maney NJ, Anderson AE, Thalayasingam N, Diboll J, Bondet V, Duffy D, Barnes MR, Smith GR, Ng S, Watson D, Henkin R, Cope AP, Reynard LN, Pratt AG, Isaacs JD. Interferon-α-mediated therapeutic resistance in early rheumatoid arthritis implicates epigenetic reprogramming. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:1214-1223. [PMID: 35680389 PMCID: PMC9380486 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-222370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An interferon (IFN) gene signature (IGS) is present in approximately 50% of early, treatment naive rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) patients where it has been shown to negatively impact initial response to treatment. We wished to validate this effect and explore potential mechanisms of action. METHODS In a multicentre inception cohort of eRA patients (n=191), we examined the whole blood IGS (MxA, IFI44L, OAS1, IFI6, ISG15) with reference to circulating IFN proteins, clinical outcomes and epigenetic influences on circulating CD19+ B and CD4+ T lymphocytes. RESULTS We reproduced our previous findings demonstrating a raised baseline IGS. We additionally showed, for the first time, that the IGS in eRA reflects circulating IFN-α protein. Paired longitudinal analysis demonstrated a significant reduction between baseline and 6-month IGS and IFN-α levels (p<0.0001 for both). Despite this fall, a raised baseline IGS predicted worse 6-month clinical outcomes such as increased disease activity score (DAS-28, p=0.025) and lower likelihood of a good EULAR clinical response (p=0.034), which was independent of other conventional predictors of disease activity and clinical response. Molecular analysis of CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells demonstrated differentially methylated CPG sites and dysregulated expression of disease relevant genes, including PARP9, STAT1, and EPSTI1, associated with baseline IGS/IFNα levels. Differentially methylated CPG sites implicated altered transcription factor binding in B cells (GATA3, ETSI, NFATC2, EZH2) and T cells (p300, HIF1α). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that, in eRA, IFN-α can cause a sustained, epigenetically mediated, pathogenic increase in lymphocyte activation and proliferation, and that the IGS is, therefore, a robust prognostic biomarker. Its persistent harmful effects provide a rationale for the initial therapeutic targeting of IFN-α in selected patients with eRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye A H Cooles
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jessica Tarn
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Dennis W Lendrem
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Najib Naamane
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Chung Ma Lin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ben Millar
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicola J Maney
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy E Anderson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nishanthi Thalayasingam
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julie Diboll
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Immunobiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Center for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Michael R Barnes
- Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Graham R Smith
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Newcastle University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sandra Ng
- Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
| | - David Watson
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rafael Henkin
- Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Andrew P Cope
- Academic Department of Rheumatology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Louise N Reynard
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Arthur G Pratt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - John D Isaacs
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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8
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Huijser E, van Helden-Meeuwsen CG, Grashof DGB, Tarn JR, Brkic Z, Huisman JMA, Wahadat MJ, van de Werken HJG, Lopes AP, van Roon JAG, van Daele PLA, Kamphuis S, Ng WF, Bekkering S, Joosten LAB, Dik WA, Versnel MA. Trained Immunity in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Linking Type I Interferons to a Pro-Atherogenic Phenotype. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840751. [PMID: 35860283 PMCID: PMC9289449 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trained immunity - or innate immune memory - can be described as the long-term reprogramming of innate immune cells towards a hyperresponsive state which involves intracellular metabolic changes. Trained immunity has been linked to atherosclerosis. A subgroup of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) exhibits systemic type I interferon (IFN) pathway activation, indicating innate immune hyperactivation. Here, we studied the link between type I IFNs and trained immunity in an in vitro monocytic cell model and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from pSS patients. Methods The training stimuli heat killed Candida albicans, muramyl dipeptide, IFNβ, and patient serum were added to THP-1 cells for 24 hours, after which the cells were washed, rested for 48 hours and subsequently re-stimulated with LPS, Pam3Cys, poly I:C, IFNβ or oxLDL for 4-24 hours. PBMCs from pSS patients and healthy controls were stimulated with LPS, Pam3Cys, poly I:C or IFNβ for 0.5-24 hours. Results Training with IFNβ induced elevated production of pro-atherogenic cytokines IL-6, TNFα and CCL2, differential cholesterol- and glycolysis-related gene expression, and increased glucose consumption and oxLDL uptake upon re-stimulation. Type I IFN production was increased in Candida albicans- and IFNβ-trained cells after LPS re-stimulation, but was reduced after poly I:C re-stimulation. Training with muramyl dipeptide and IFNβ, but not Candida albicans, affected the IFN-stimulated gene expression response to IFNβ re-stimulation. PBMCs from pSS patients consumed more glucose compared with healthy control PBMCs and tended to produce more TNFα and type I IFNs upon LPS stimulation, but less type I IFNs upon poly I:C stimulation. Conclusions Type I IFN is a trainer inducing a trained immunity phenotype with pro-atherogenic properties in monocytes. Conversely, trained immunity also affects the production of type I IFNs and transcriptional response to type I IFN receptor re-stimulation. The phenotype of pSS PBMCs is consistent with trained immunity. This connection between type I IFN, trained immunity and cholesterol metabolism may have important implications for pSS and the pathogenesis of (subclinical) atherosclerosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Huijser
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Dwin G. B. Grashof
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jessica R. Tarn
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Zana Brkic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Josje M. A. Huisman
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M. Javad Wahadat
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Harmen J. G. van de Werken
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Computational Biology Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana P. Lopes
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joel A. G. van Roon
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Paul L. A. van Daele
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Kamphuis
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle, United Kingdom
- NIHR Newcastle Clinical Research Facility, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Siroon Bekkering
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Leo A. B. Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Dik
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjan A. Versnel
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Jansen MP, Mastbergen SC. Joint distraction for osteoarthritis: clinical evidence and molecular mechanisms. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:35-46. [PMID: 34616035 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Joint distraction, the prolonged mechanical separation of the bones at a joint, has emerged as a joint-preserving treatment for end-stage osteoarthritis, with the gradually growing promise of implementation in regular clinical practice. Joint distraction of the knee has been most extensively studied, with these studies showing prolonged symptomatic improvement in combination with repair of cartilage tissue in degenerated knee joints, supporting the concept that cartilage repair can translate into real clinical benefit. The reversal of tissue degeneration observed with joint distraction could be the result of one or a combination of various proposed mechanisms, including partial unloading, synovial fluid pressure oscillation, mechanical and biochemical changes in subchondral bone, adhesion and chondrogenic commitment of joint-derived mesenchymal stem cells or a change in the molecular milieu of the joint. The overall picture that emerges from the combined evidence is relevant for future research and treatment-related improvements of joint distraction and for translation of the insights gained about tissue repair to other joint-preserving techniques. It remains to be elucidated whether optimizing the biomechanical conditions during joint distraction can actually cure osteoarthritis rather than only providing temporary symptomatic relief, but even temporary relief might be relevant for society and patients, as it will delay joint replacement with a prosthesis at an early age and thereby avert revision surgery later in life. Most importantly, improved insights into the underlying mechanisms of joint repair might provide new leads for more targeted treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène P Jansen
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Simon C Mastbergen
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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