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Nakshbandi U, van Ginkel MS, Verstappen GMPJ, Spijkervet FKL, Arends S, Haacke EA, Liefers SC, Vissink A, Bootsma H, Kroese FGM, van der Vegt B. Histopathological comparison of Sjögren-related features between paired labial and parotid salivary gland biopsies of sicca patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:2670-2677. [PMID: 38538884 PMCID: PMC11443036 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keae154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare focus score and other histopathological features between paired labial and parotid salivary gland biopsies in a diagnostic cohort of suspected Sjögren's disease (SjD) patients. METHODS Labial and parotid salivary gland biopsies were simultaneously obtained from patients with sicca complaints, suspected of having SjD. Biopsies were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. Sections were stained with haematoxylin & eosin, and for CD3, CD20, CD45, cytokeratin, CD21, Bcl6, activation-induced deaminase (AID) and IgA/IgG. Focus score and other histopathological features characteristic for SjD were analysed. RESULTS Based on the expert opinion of three experienced rheumatologists, 36 patients were diagnosed as SjD and 63 as non-SjD sicca patients. When taking all patients together, absolute agreement of various histopathological features between labial and parotid biopsies was high and varied between 80% (focus score) and 93% [(pre-)lymphoepithelial lesions (LELs)]. More labial gland biopsies had a focus score ≥1 compared with their parotid counterpart. Accordingly, the area of infiltrate was larger in labial gland biopsies. When considering only SjD patients, labial glands contained significantly fewer B-lymphocytes and germinal centres/mm2, and less severe LELs compared with parotid glands. CONCLUSION Labial and parotid glands from SjD patients contain similar histopathological key features, and thus both glands can be used for diagnosis and classification of SjD. However, parotid salivary glands reveal more evident B-lymphocyte-related features, while labial glands exhibit more inflammation, which may be partially unrelated to SjD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Nakshbandi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martha S van Ginkel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gwenny M P J Verstappen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fred K L Spijkervet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Arends
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erlin A Haacke
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Friesland, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia C Liefers
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika Bootsma
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Kroese
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert van der Vegt
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Bongers KS, Massett A, O'Dwyer DN. The Oral-Lung Microbiome Axis in Connective Tissue Disease-Related Interstitial Lung Disease. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 45:449-458. [PMID: 38626906 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1785673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) is a frequent and serious complication of CTD, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood; however, one intriguing contributing factor may be the microbiome of the mouth and lungs. The oral microbiome, which is a major source of the lung microbiome through recurrent microaspiration, is altered in ILD patients. Moreover, in recent years, several lines of evidence suggest that changes in the oral and lung microbiota modulate the pulmonary immune response and thus may play a role in the pathogenesis of ILDs, including CTD-ILD. Here, we review the existing data demonstrating oral and lung microbiota dysbiosis and possible contributions to the development of CTD-ILD in rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. We identify several areas of opportunity for future investigations into the role of the oral and lung microbiota in CTD-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kale S Bongers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Angeline Massett
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David N O'Dwyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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3
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Xie Y, Fan Y, Su M, Wang Y, Zhang G. Characteristics of the oral microbiota in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:1939-1947. [PMID: 38602612 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-06958-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology that is considered to be related to environmental and genetic factors. The aim of this study was to clarify the oral microflora characteristics of pSS patients and to reveal the connection between oral bacterial composition and dental caries using a high-throughput sequencing technique. METHODS Thirty-five pSS patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. We collected saliva and plaque samples from pSS patients and saliva samples from healthy controls. We used 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA) high-throughput sequencing targeting the V3-V4 hypervariable region to determine the composition and structure of the microbiota in the three sample sets. Finally, bioinformatics analyses, including the diversity of the microbiota, species differences, and functional prediction were performed. RESULTS In the alpha diversity and beta diversity analysis, the Chao1 (P < 0.01), observed species (P < 0.01), and PD whole tree indices (P < 0.01) were significantly lower in the saliva and plaque samples of pSS patients than in the saliva samples of healthy controls, but the Shannon (P < 0.01) and Simpson indices (P < 0.01) were significantly higher in the healthy controls, and their total diversity significantly differed. In the main flora composition at the genus level (top 10), we identified Prevotella and Veillonella as more enriched in the saliva of pSS patients and Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, and Leptotrichia as more enriched in the plaque of pSS patients. Predictive functional analysis showed that the oral microbiota of pSS patients was related to translation, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and nucleotide metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The oral microbial ecology of patients with pSS is dysregulated, resulting in a decrease in overall diversity. Prevotella and Veillonella may be related to pSS, while Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, and Leptotrichia may be related to dental caries in pSS patients. Key Points • This study revealed differences in the oral microbial composition of patients with pSS compared to healthy controls. • We included a plaque group of pSS patients to identify the microbiota related to pSS and dental caries. • Prevotella and Veillonella may contribute to pSS, and Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, and Leptotrichia are associated with dental caries in pSS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Miaotong Su
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
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4
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Song W, Zhou J, Wang X, Wang H. The potential association between salivary gland hypofunction and systemic homeostasis. Med Hypotheses 2024; 184:111279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
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5
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He W, Lu Y, Shi R, An Q, Zhao J, Gao X, Zhang L, Ma D. Application of omics in Sjögren's syndrome. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:2089-2109. [PMID: 37878024 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) face many challenges, and there is an urgent need to develop new technologies to improve our understanding of SS. METHODS By searching the literature published domestically and internationally in the past 20 years, this artical reviewed the research of various omics techniques in SS. RESULTS Omics technology provided valuable insights into the pathogenesis, early diagnosis, condition and efficacy evaluation of SS. It is helpful to reveal the pathogenesis of the disease and explore new treatment schemes, which will open a new era for the study of SS. CONCLUSION At present, omics research has made some gratifying achievements, but there are still many uncertainties. Therefore, in the future, we should improve research techniques, standardize the collection of samples, and adopt a combination of multi-omics techniques to jointly study the pathogenesis of SS and provide new schemes for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin He
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yangyang Lu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rongjing Shi
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qi An
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinnan Gao
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
- Shanxi Province Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (Rheumatic Diseases), Taiyuan, China.
- Shanxi Province Clinical Theranostics Technology Innovation Center for Immunologic and Rheumatic Diseases, Taiyuan, China.
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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Li SJ, Cheng RJ, Wei SX, Xia ZJ, Pu YY, Liu Y. Advances in mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles therapy for Sjogren's syndrome-related dry eye disease. Exp Eye Res 2023; 237:109716. [PMID: 37951337 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects exocrine glands, particularly lacrimal glands, leading to dry eye disease (DED). DED is a common ocular surface disease that affects millions of people worldwide, causing discomfort, visual impairment, and even blindness in severe cases. However, there is no definitive cure for DED, and existing treatments primarily relieve symptoms. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies based on the pathophysiology of DED. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic tool for various autoimmune disorders, including SS-related DED (SS-DED). A particularly intriguing facet of MSCs is their ability to produce extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various bioactive components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These molecules play a key role in facilitating communication between cells and modulating a wide range of biological processes. Importantly, MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) have therapeutic properties similar to those of their parent cells, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties. In addition, MSC-EVs offer several notable advantages over intact MSCs, including lower immunogenicity, reduced risk of tumorigenicity, and greater convenience in terms of storage and transport. In this review, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms of SS-DED and discuss the relevant mechanisms and targets of MSC-EVs in treating SS-DED. In addition, we comprehensively review the broader landscape of EV application in autoimmune and corneal diseases. This review focuses on the efficacy of MSC-EVs in treating SS-DED, a field of study that holds considerable appeal due to its multifaceted regulation of immune responses and regenerative functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jia Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264099, China
| | - Rui-Juan Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Shi-Xiong Wei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zi-Jing Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yao-Yu Pu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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7
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Bustos-Lobato L, Rus MJ, Saúco C, Simon-Soro A. Oral microbial biomap in the drought environment: Sjogren's syndrome. Mol Oral Microbiol 2023; 38:400-407. [PMID: 37767604 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that affects primarily the salivary glands, making perturbations in the oral ecosystem and potential factors of salivary flow that influence the onset and development of the disease. The oral cavity contains diverse microorganisms that inhabit various niches such as the oral microbial "biomap." It does not seem specific enough to establish a characteristic microbiome, given the diversity of clinical manifestations, variable rates of salivary secretion, and influential risk factors in patients with SS. This review discusses the biogeography of the oral microbiome in patients with SS such as saliva, tongue, tooth, mucosa, and gum. The microorganisms that were more abundant in the different oral niches were Gram-positive species, suggesting a higher survival of cell wall bacteria in this arid oral environment. Reduced salivary flow appears not to be linked to the cause of dysbiosis alone but influences host-associated risk factors. However, much work remains to be done to establish the role of the microbiome in the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as SS. Future studies of the microbiome in autoimmunity will shed light on the role of specific microorganisms that have never been linked before with SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bustos-Lobato
- Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Estomatología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maria J Rus
- Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Estomatología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos Saúco
- Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Estomatología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Aurea Simon-Soro
- Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Estomatología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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8
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Mosaddad SA, Mahootchi P, Safari S, Rahimi H, Aghili SS. Interactions between systemic diseases and oral microbiota shifts in the aging community: A narrative review. J Basic Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 37173818 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
As a gateway to general health and a diverse microbial habitat, the oral cavity is colonized by numerous microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea. Oral microbiota plays an essential role in preserving oral health. Besides, the oral cavity also significantly contributes to systemic health. Physiological aging influences all body systems, including the oral microbial inhabitants. The cited effect can cause diseases by forming dysbiotic communities. Since it has been demonstrated that microbial dysbiosis could disturb the symbiosis state between the host and the resident microorganism, shifting the condition toward a more pathogenic one, this study investigated how the oral microbial shifts in aging could associate with the development or progression of systemic diseases in older adults. The current study focused on the interactions between variations in the oral microbiome and prevalent diseases in older adults, including diabetes mellitus, Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, oral candidiasis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and glaucoma. Underlying diseases can dynamically modify the oral ecology and the composition of its resident oral microbiome. Clinical, experimental, and epidemiological research suggests the associations of systemic disorders with bacteremia and inflammation after oral microbial changes in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pegah Mahootchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sajedeh Safari
- Department of Prosthodontics, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hussein Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Aghili
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Tonelli A, Lumngwena EN, Ntusi NAB. The oral microbiome in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:386-403. [PMID: 36624275 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00825-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and expansion of available therapies, the global burden of CVD-associated morbidity and mortality remains unacceptably high. Important gaps remain in our understanding of the mechanisms of CVD and determinants of disease progression. In the past decade, much research has been conducted on the human microbiome and its potential role in modulating CVD. With the advent of high-throughput technologies and multiomics analyses, the complex and dynamic relationship between the microbiota, their 'theatre of activity' and the host is gradually being elucidated. The relationship between the gut microbiome and CVD is well established. Much less is known about the role of disruption (dysbiosis) of the oral microbiome; however, interest in the field is growing, as is the body of literature from basic science and animal and human investigations. In this Review, we examine the link between the oral microbiome and CVD, specifically coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, infective endocarditis and rheumatic heart disease. We discuss the various mechanisms by which oral dysbiosis contributes to CVD pathogenesis and potential strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tonelli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.,Cardiovascular Research Unit, Christiaan Barnard Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.,Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Extramural Research Unit on the Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Disease, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Evelyn N Lumngwena
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Centre for the Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Infections, Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ntobeko A B Ntusi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Extramural Research Unit on the Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Disease, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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10
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Wang M, Yan LY, Qiao CY, Zheng CC, Niu CG, Huang ZW, Pan YH. Ecological shifts of salivary microbiota associated with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1131255. [PMID: 36864882 PMCID: PMC9971218 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1131255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease related to metabolic syndrome. However, ecological shifts in the saliva microbiome in patients with MAFLD remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the changes to the salivary microbial community in patients with MAFLD and explore the potential function of microbiota. Methods Salivary microbiomes from ten MAFLD patients and ten healthy participants were analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Body composition, plasma enzymes, hormones, and blood lipid profiles were assessed with physical examinations and laboratory tests. Results The salivary microbiome of MAFLD patients was characterized by increased α-diversity and distinct β-diversity clustering compared with control subjects. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed a total of 44 taxa significantly differed between the two groups. Genera Neisseria, Filifactor, and Capnocytophaga were identified as differentially enriched genera for comparison of the two groups. Co-occurrence networks suggested that the salivary microbiota from MAFLD patients exhibited more intricate and robust interrelationships. The diagnostic model based on the salivary microbiome achieved a good diagnostic power with an area under the curve of 0.82(95% CI: 0.61-1). Redundancy analysis and spearman correlation analysis revealed that clinical variables related to insulin resistance and obesity were strongly associated with the microbial community. Metagenomic predictions based on Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States revealed that pathways related to metabolism were more prevalent in the two groups. Conclusions Patients with MAFLD manifested ecological shifts in the salivary microbiome, and the saliva microbiome-based diagnostic model provides a promising approach for auxiliary MAFLD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li-Ya Yan
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cai-Yun Qiao
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chu-Chu Zheng
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen-Guang Niu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng-Wei Huang, ; Yi-Huai Pan,
| | - Yi-Huai Pan
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng-Wei Huang, ; Yi-Huai Pan,
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11
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Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome in Northern China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277270. [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes and compares the structure and diversity of gut microbiota in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) in Northern China to healthy individuals to identify clinical features associated with dysbiosis. We included 60 Chinese pSS patients and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. DNA was extracted from stool samples and subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis (V3-V4) for intestinal dysbiosis. In addition, patients were examined for laboratory and serological pSS features. A Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed to assess correlations between individual bacteria taxa and clinical characteristics. The alpha-diversity (Chao1 and Shannon Index) and beta-diversity (unweighted UniFrac distances) of the gut microbiota differed significantly between pSS patients and healthy controls. Further analysis showed that several gut opportunistic pathogens (Bacteroides, Megamonas, and Veillonella) were significantly more abundant in pSS patients and positively correlated with their clinical indicators. In contrast, some probiotic genera (Collinsella, unidentified_Ruminococcaceae, Romboutsia, and Dorea) were significantly decreased in pSS patients and negatively correlated with their clinical indicators. Therefore, pSS patients in Northern China showed a dysbiotic intestinal microbiome enriched for potentially pathogenic genera that might be associated with autoimmune disease.
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12
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Wang X, Pang K, Wang J, Zhang B, Liu Z, Lu S, Xu X, Zhu L, Zhou Z, Niu M, Gao J, Li J, Zhao F, Wu J. Microbiota dysbiosis in primary Sjögren's syndrome and the ameliorative effect of hydroxychloroquine. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111352. [PMID: 36103827 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome plays an important role in autoimmune diseases. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the microbiota in individuals with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Here, we perform 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of fecal, oral, and vaginal samples from a cohort of 133 individuals with pSS, 56 with non-pSS, and 40 healthy control (HC) individuals. Dysbiosis in the gut, oral, and vaginal microbiome is evident in patients with pSS, and oral samples demonstrate the greatest extent of microbial variation. Multiple key indicator bacteria and clinical characteristics are identified across different body sites, implying that microbial dysbiosis has important roles in the pathogenesis of pSS. Furthermore, we observe pSS-like dysbiosis in individuals with pre-clinical pSS or non-pSS-related disease, revealing that microbial shifts could appear prior to pSS. After hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment, microbial dysbiosis in individuals with pSS is partially resolved, although the microbiota composition remain disordered. These results contribute to the overall understanding of the relationship between the microbiome and pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China; Rheumatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Kun Pang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenwei Liu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Saisai Lu
- Rheumatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhu
- Rheumatology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Miaomiao Niu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianxia Gao
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Pathology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Fangqing Zhao
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jinyu Wu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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13
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Deng C, Xiao Q, Fei Y. A Glimpse Into the Microbiome of Sjögren’s Syndrome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:918619. [PMID: 35911741 PMCID: PMC9329934 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.918619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a common chronic systemic autoimmune disease and its main characteristic is lymphoid infiltration of the exocrine glands, particularly the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to sicca symptoms of the mouth and eyes. Growing evidence has shown that SS is also characterized by microbial perturbations like other autoimmune diseases. Significant alterations in diversity, composition, and function of the microbiota were observed in SS. The dysbiosis of the microbiome correlates with worse symptoms and higher disease severity, suggesting that dysbiosis may be of great importance in the pathogenesis of SS. In this review, we provide a general view of recent studies describing the microbiota alterations of SS, the possible pathways that may cause microbiota dysbiosis to trigger SS, and the existence of the gut-ocular/gut-oral axis in SS.
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14
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Gao L, Cheng Z, Zhu F, Bi C, Shi Q, Chen X. The Oral Microbiome and Its Role in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review of Big Data Analysis. Front Big Data 2022; 5:927520. [PMID: 35844967 PMCID: PMC9277227 DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2022.927520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite decades of research, systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) continue to be a major global health concern and the etiology of these diseases is still not clear. To date, with the development of high-throughput techniques, increasing evidence indicated a key role of oral microbiome in the pathogenesis of SADs, and the alterations of oral microbiome may contribute to the disease emergence or evolution. This review is to present the latest knowledge on the relationship between the oral microbiome and SADs, focusing on the multiomics data generated from a large set of samples. Methodology By searching the PubMed and Embase databases, studies that investigated the oral microbiome of SADs, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), were systematically reviewed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results One thousand and thirty-eight studies were found, and 25 studies were included: three referred to SLE, 12 referred to RA, nine referred to SS, and one to both SLE and SS. The 16S rRNA sequencing was the most frequent technique used. HOMD was the most common database aligned to and QIIME was the most popular pipeline for downstream analysis. Alterations in bacterial composition and population have been found in the oral samples of patients with SAD compared with the healthy controls. Results regarding candidate pathogens were not always in accordance, but Selenomonas and Veillonella were found significantly increased in three SADs, and Streptococcus was significantly decreased in the SADs compared with controls. Conclusion A large amount of sequencing data was collected from patients with SAD and controls in this systematic review. Oral microbial dysbiosis had been identified in these SADs, although the dysbiosis features were different among studies. There was a lack of standardized study methodology for each study from the inclusion criteria, sample type, sequencing platform, and referred database to downstream analysis pipeline and cutoff. Besides the genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics technology should be used to investigate the oral microbiome of patients with SADs and also the at-risk individuals of disease development, which may provide us with a better understanding of the etiology of SADs and promote the development of the novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zijian Cheng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fudong Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunsheng Bi
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiongling Shi
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyan Chen
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15
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La Barbera L, Macaluso F, Fasano S, Grasso G, Ciccia F, Guggino G. Microbiome Changes in Connective Tissue Diseases and Vasculitis: Focus on Metabolism and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126532. [PMID: 35742974 PMCID: PMC9224234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbial community acts as an active player in maintaining homeostasis and immune functions through a continuous and changeable cross-talk with the host immune system. Emerging evidence suggests that altered microbial composition, known as dysbiosis, might perturb the delicate balance between the microbiota and the immune system, triggering inflammation and potentially contributing to the pathogenesis and development of chronic inflammatory diseases. This review will summarize the current evidence about the microbiome-immunity cross-talk, especially focusing on the microbiota alterations described in patients with rheumatic diseases and on the recent findings concerning the interaction between microbiota, metabolic function, and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia La Barbera
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Section, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90110 Palermo, Italy; (L.L.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Federica Macaluso
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, AUSL-IRCCS, Via Giovanni Amendola, 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, S. Andrea delle Dame, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Serena Fasano
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, S. Andrea delle Dame, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Giulia Grasso
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Section, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90110 Palermo, Italy; (L.L.B.); (G.G.)
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, S. Andrea delle Dame, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Giuliana Guggino
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Section, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90110 Palermo, Italy; (L.L.B.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-091-655-2148
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16
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Yang L, Xiang Z, Zou J, Zhang Y, Ni Y, Yang J. Comprehensive Analysis of the Relationships Between the Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolome in Individuals With Primary Sjogren's Syndrome by 16S rRNA Sequencing and LC-MS-Based Metabolomics. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874021. [PMID: 35634334 PMCID: PMC9130595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been associated with primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS), yet the biological implications of these associations are often elusive. We analyzed the fecal microbiota through 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing in 30 patients with pSS and 20 healthy controls (HCs); At the same time, the fecal metabolome was characterized by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. In addition, correlation analyses of microbiota and metabolome data were performed to identify meaningful associations. We found that the microbiota composition of pSS patients was significantly different from that of HCs. The pSS gut microbiota is characterized by increased abundances of proinflammatory microbes, especially Escherichia-Shigella, and decreased abundances of anti-inflammatory microbes. Concerning the metabolome, a multivariate model with 33 metabolites efficiently distinguished cases from controls. Through KEGG enrichment analysis, we found that these metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. The correlation analysis indicated that there were certain correlations between the microbiota and metabolism in pSS patients. In addition, an abundance of Escherichia-Shigella was found to be correlated with high levels of four metabolites (aflatoxin M1, glycocholic acid, L-histidine and phenylglyoxylic acid). Our research suggests that in pSS patients, the gut microbiota is characterized by a specific combination of proinflammatory changes and metabolic states. Escherichia-Shigella is a factor related to gut dysbiosis, which may promote intestinal damage and affect amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Zhao Xiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jinmei Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Yuanpiao Ni
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China
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17
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Kim D, Jeong YJ, Lee Y, Choi J, Park YM, Kwon OC, Ji YW, Ahn SJ, Lee HK, Park MC, Lim JY. Correlation Between Salivary Microbiome of Parotid Glands and Clinical Features in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Non-Sjögren's Sicca Subjects. Front Immunol 2022; 13:874285. [PMID: 35603219 PMCID: PMC9114876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.874285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that the oral microbiome in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is significantly different from that in healthy individuals. However, the potential role of the oral microbiome in SS pathogenesis has not been determined. In this study, stimulated intraductal saliva samples were collected from the parotid glands (PGs) of 23 SS and nine non-SS subjects through PG lavage and subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing. The correlation between the oral microbiome and clinical features, such as biological markers, clinical manifestations, and functional and radiological characteristics was investigated. The salivary microbial composition was examined using bioinformatic analysis to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for SS. Oral microbial composition was significantly different between the anti-SSA-positive and SSA-negative groups. The microbial diversity in SS subjects was lower than that in non-SS sicca subjects. Furthermore, SS subjects with sialectasis exhibited decreased microbial diversity and Firmicutes abundance. The abundance of Bacteroidetes was positively correlated with the salivary flow rate. Bioinformatics analysis revealed several potential microbial biomarkers for SS at the genus level, such as decreased Lactobacillus abundance or increased Streptococcus abundance. These results suggest that microbiota composition is correlated with the clinical features of SS, especially the ductal structures and salivary flow, and that the oral microbiome is a potential diagnostic biomarker for SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghyun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye Jin Jeong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yerin Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Min Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Oh Chan Kwon
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Woo Ji
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Jun Ahn
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyung Keun Lee
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Chan Park
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yol Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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18
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Wang S, Song F, Gu H, Wei X, Zhang K, Zhou Y, Luo H. Comparative Evaluation of the Salivary and Buccal Mucosal Microbiota by 16S rRNA Sequencing for Forensic Investigations. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:777882. [PMID: 35369525 PMCID: PMC8971900 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.777882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome has emerged as a new potential biomarker for forensic investigations with the development of high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic analysis during the last decade. The oral cavity has many different microbial habitats, with each habit colonized by specific and individualized microbiota. As saliva and buccal mucosa are common biological evidence in forensic science, understanding the differences of microbial communities between the two is important for forensic original identification. Moreover, the oral microbiota is individualized, whereas there are few studies on the application of forensic personal identification that need to be supplemented. In this study, Streptococcus was the most abundant genus, with an average relative abundance of 49.61% in the buccal mucosa, while in the saliva, Streptococcus, Veillonella, and Neisseria had similar proportions (20%, 15%, 16%) and were the dominant genera. The α and β diversity displayed a significant distinctness between the saliva and buccal mucosal groups. The community assembly mechanism stated that the deterministic process played a more significant effect in shaping the salivary bacterial community assembly than buccal mucosa, which explained the microbial differences. Of the test samples, 93.3% can be correctly classified with the random forest model based on the microbial differences. Targeting the low-abundance bacteria at the species level, 52% of experimental participants could be discriminated by using the observed unique bacterial species. In conclusion, the salivary bacterial community composition differed from that of the buccal mucosa and showed high richness and diversity. With the random forest model, the microbiota of saliva and buccal mucosa can be classified, which can be used in identifying the source of oral biological trace. Furthermore, each individual has a unique bacterial community pattern, and the presence or absence of unique bacteria and differences in the composition of the core oral microbiota are the key points for forensic personal discrimination that supplement the study of oral microbial application to forensic personal discrimination. Whether for original identification or personal discrimination, the oral microbiome has great potential for application.
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19
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Lin B, Zhao F, Liu Y, Sun J, Feng J, Zhao L, Wang H, Chen H, Yan W, Guo X, Shi S, Li Z, Wang S, Lu Y, Zheng J, Wei Y. Alterations in Oral Microbiota of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Patients With Xerostomia After Radioiodine Therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:895970. [PMID: 36093087 PMCID: PMC9459331 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.895970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Oral xerostomia remains one of the most common complications of differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients (DTC) after radioiodine therapy (RAI). Environmental factors in the etiology of xerostomia are largely unknown. We aimed to characterize the oral microbiota signatures and related biological functions associated with xerostomia and identify environmental factors affecting them. METHODS Saliva was collected from 30 DTC patients with xerostomia (XAs), 32 patients without xerostomia (indicated as non-XAs) following RAI after total thyroidectomy, and 40 healthy people (HCs) for 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS The oral microbiota of XAs and non-XAs exhibited significant differences in α and β diversities and bacterial taxa. The abundance of porphyromonas, fusobacterium, and treponema_2 were significantly higher in XAs, while the abundance of the streptococcus was lower in the microbiota of non-XAs. Fusobacterium, and porphyromonas were negatively correlated with unstimulated/stimulated whole salivary secretion (USW)/(SWS), while fusobacterium, porphyromonas, and treponema_2 genera levels were positively associated with cumulative radioiodine dose. PICRUSt2 and BugBase suggested a significant difference in the expression of potentially_pathogenic, anaerobic, gram_negative, the arachidonic acid metabolism, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis between XAs and non-XAs, possibly interdependent on radioiodine-induced inflammation. NetShift analysis revealed that porphyromonas genus might play as a key driver during the process of xerostomia. Five genera effectively distinguished XAs from non-XAs (AUC = 0.87). CONCLUSION Our study suggests for the first time that DTC patients with xerostomia after RAI display microbiota profiles and associated functional changes that may promote a pro-inflammatory environment. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiota may contribute to exacerbating the severity of xerostomia. Our results provide a research direction of the interaction mechanism between oral microbiota alteration and the progress of xerostomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiqiang Lin
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fuya Zhao
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery Division, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Digestive System Tumors, Ningbo, China
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiayu Sun
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, SouthernMedical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongye Chen
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shang Shi
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianjun Zheng
- Imaging Center, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Clinical Medical Research Center of Imaging Medicine, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Yunwei Wei, ; Jianjun Zheng,
| | - Yunwei Wei
- Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery Division, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Digestive System Tumors, Ningbo, China
- Oncology and Laparoscopy Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Yunwei Wei, ; Jianjun Zheng,
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20
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Chang SH, Park SH, Cho ML, Choi Y. Why Should We Consider Potential Roles of Oral Bacteria in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren Syndrome? Immune Netw 2022; 22:e32. [PMID: 36081525 PMCID: PMC9433196 DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily targets the salivary and lacrimal glands. The pathology of these exocrine glands is characterized by periductal focal lymphocytic infiltrates, and both T cell-mediated tissue injury and autoantibodies that interfere with the secretion process underlie glandular hypofunction. In addition to these adaptive mechanisms, multiple innate immune pathways are dysregulated, particularly in the salivary gland epithelium. Our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of SS has substantially improved during the past decade. In contrast to viral infection, bacterial infection has never been considered in the pathogenesis of SS. In this review, oral dysbiosis associated with SS and evidence for bacterial infection of the salivary glands in SS were reviewed. In addition, the potential contributions of bacterial infection to innate activation of ductal epithelial cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and B cells and to the breach of tolerance via bystander activation of autoreactive T cells and molecular mimicry were discussed. The added roles of bacteria may extend our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for this autoimmune exocrinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Chang
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Divison of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngnim Choi
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Herrala M, Turunen S, Hanhineva K, Lehtonen M, Mikkonen JJW, Seitsalo H, Lappalainen R, Tjäderhane L, Niemelä RK, Salo T, Myllymaa S, Kullaa AM, Kärkkäinen O. Low-Dose Doxycycline Treatment Normalizes Levels of Some Salivary Metabolites Associated with Oral Microbiota in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090595. [PMID: 34564411 PMCID: PMC8470364 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Saliva is a complex oral fluid, and plays a major role in oral health. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS), as an autoimmune disease that typically causes hyposalivation. In the present study, salivary metabolites were studied from stimulated saliva samples (n = 15) of female patients with pSS in a group treated with low-dose doxycycline (LDD), saliva samples (n = 10) of non-treated female patients with pSS, and saliva samples (n = 14) of healthy age-matched females as controls. Saliva samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based on the non-targeted metabolomics method. The saliva metabolite profile differed between pSS patients and the healthy control (HC). In the pSS patients, the LDD treatment normalized saliva levels of several metabolites, including tyrosine glutamine dipeptide, phenylalanine isoleucine dipeptide, valine leucine dipeptide, phenylalanine, pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), urocanic acid, and salivary lipid cholesteryl palmitic acid (CE 16:0), to levels seen in the saliva samples of the HC. In conclusion, the data showed that pSS is associated with an altered saliva metabolite profile compared to the HC and that the LLD treatment normalized levels of several metabolites associated with dysbiosis of oral microbiota in pSS patients. The role of the saliva metabolome in pSS pathology needs to be further studied to clarify if saliva metabolite levels can be used to predict or monitor the progress and treatment of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Herrala
- Research Group of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +358-8-537-5560
| | - Soile Turunen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.T.); (M.L.); (O.K.)
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Life Technologies, Food Chemistry and Food Development Unit, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.T.); (M.L.); (O.K.)
| | - Jopi J. W. Mikkonen
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (R.L.); (S.M.)
| | | | - Reijo Lappalainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (R.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Leo Tjäderhane
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Raija K. Niemelä
- Department of Rheumatology, Oulu University Hospital, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
- Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Sami Myllymaa
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (R.L.); (S.M.)
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arja M. Kullaa
- Research Group of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland;
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Educational Dental Clinic, Kuopio University Hospital, 90220 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.T.); (M.L.); (O.K.)
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22
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Oliveira FR, Valim V, Pasoto SG, Fernandes MLMS, Lopes MLL, de Magalhães Souza Fialho SC, Pinheiro AC, Dos Santos LC, Appenzeller S, Fidelix T, Ribeiro SLE, de Brito DCSE, Libório T, Santos MCLFS, Tanure L, Gennari JDA, Civile VT, Pinto ACPN, Rocha-Filho CR, Miyamoto ST, Guedes LKN, Pugliesi A, Trevisani VFM. 2021 recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the gynecological and obstetric care of patients with Sjogren's syndrome. Adv Rheumatol 2021; 61:54. [PMID: 34479630 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-021-00208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands and other organs. Women with SS often experience gynecological symptoms due to the disease and need extra care regarding their sexual activity, reproductive health and during pregnancy, conditions that are not properly conducted in the clinical practice. To cover this gap, a panel of experts from the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the identification of symptoms, diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and treatment of these manifestations. A Focus Group meeting was held and included experts in the field and methodologists, based on a previously developed script, with themes related to the objective of the study. The most important topics were summarized and 11 recommendations were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Reis Oliveira
- Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (HCFMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP, CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Valeria Valim
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, CEP: 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Sandra Gofinet Pasoto
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Laboratório de Autoimunidade (DLC + LIM17), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP (HCFMUSP), R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 225 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05403-010, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Lucia Lemos Lopes
- Disciplina de Reumatologia Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA),, R. Sarmento Leite, 245 - Centro Histórico de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP: 90050-170, Brazil
| | | | - Aysa César Pinheiro
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP: 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Laura Caldas Dos Santos
- Departamento de Oftalmologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 820, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP: 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Simone Appenzeller
- Departamento de Ortopedia, Reumatologia e Traumatologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, CEP: 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Tania Fidelix
- Departamento de Oftalmologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 820, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP: 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Sandra Lucia Euzébio Ribeiro
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Afonso Pena, 1053, Manaus, AM, CEP: 69020-160, Brazil
| | - Danielle Christinne Soares Egypto de Brito
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Centro de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Paraíba (UFPB), Campus I - Lot. Cidade Universitária, Paraíba, PB, CEP: 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Libório
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Afonso Pena, 1053, Manaus, AM, CEP: 69020-160, Brazil
| | - Maria Carmen Lopes Ferreira Silva Santos
- Departamento de Patologia, Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, CEP: 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Leandro Tanure
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Juliana DAgostino Gennari
- Serviço de Reumatologia da Santa Casa de São Paulo, R. Dr. Cesário Mota Júnior, 112, Vila Buarque, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 01221-020, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Tassoni Civile
- Disciplina de Medicina de Urgência e Medicina Baseada em Evidências, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740 Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes Pinto
- Disciplina de Medicina de Urgência e Medicina Baseada em Evidências, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740 Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04023-062, Brazil
| | - César Ramos Rocha-Filho
- Disciplina de Medicina de Urgência e Medicina Baseada em Evidências, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740 Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Samira Tatiyama Miyamoto
- Departamento de Educação Integrada em Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitória, ES, CEP: 29040-090, Brazil
| | - Lissiane Karine Noronha Guedes
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Laboratório de Autoimunidade (DLC + LIM17), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP (HCFMUSP), R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 225 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05403-010, Brazil
| | - Alisson Pugliesi
- Departamento de Ortopedia, Reumatologia e Traumatologia da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP, CEP: 13083-887, Brazil.
| | - Virginia Fernandes Moça Trevisani
- Disciplina de Medicina de Urgência e Medicina Baseada em Evidências, Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740 Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04023-062, Brazil.,Disciplina de Reumatologia, Universidade de Santo Amaro, Rua Enéas Siqueira Neto, Jardim das Imbuias, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 04829-300, Brazil
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23
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Doaré E, Héry-Arnaud G, Devauchelle-Pensec V, Alegria GC. Healthy Patients Are Not the Best Controls for Microbiome-Based Clinical Studies: Example of Sjögren's Syndrome in a Systematic Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:699011. [PMID: 34394092 PMCID: PMC8358393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.699011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It has been hypothesized that gut and oral dysbiosis may contribute to the development of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The aim of this systematic review was to assemble available data regarding the oral and gut microbiota in pSS and to compare them to data from healthy individuals and patients with dry symptoms without a diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome or lupus disease to identify dysbiosis and discuss the results. Methodology Using the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed studies that compared the oral and gut microbiota of Sjögren's patients and controls. The PubMed database and Google Scholar were searched. Results Two-hundred and eighty-nine studies were found, and 18 studies were included: 13 referred to the oral microbiota, 4 referred to the gut microbiota, and 1 referred to both anatomical sites. The most frequent controls were healthy volunteers and patients with sicca symptoms. The most common analysis method used was 16S-targeted metagenomics. The results were mostly heterogeneous, and the results regarding diversity were not always in accordance. Dysbiosis in pSS was not confirmed, and reduced salivary secretion seems to explain more microbial changes than the underlying disease. Conclusion These heterogeneous results might be explained by the lack of a standardized methodology at each step of the process and highlight the need for guidelines. Our review provides evidence that sicca patients seem to be more relevant than healthy subjects as a control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Doaré
- Rheumatology Department, Reference Centre of Rare Autoimmune Diseases, Cavale Blanche Hospital and Brest University, INSERM UMR 1227, Brest, France
| | - Geneviève Héry-Arnaud
- UMR1078, Génétique, Génomique Fonctionnelle Et Biotechnologies, INSERM, Université de Brest, EFS, IBSAM, Brest, France.,Centre Brestois d'Analyse du Microbiote, Hôpital La Cavale Blanche, CHRU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Valérie Devauchelle-Pensec
- Rheumatology Department, Reference Centre of Rare Autoimmune Diseases, Cavale Blanche Hospital and Brest University, INSERM UMR 1227, Brest, France
| | - Guillermo Carvajal Alegria
- Rheumatology Department, Reference Centre of Rare Autoimmune Diseases, Cavale Blanche Hospital and Brest University, INSERM UMR 1227, Brest, France
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24
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Progress in Oral Microbiome Related to Oral and Systemic Diseases: An Update. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11071283. [PMID: 34359364 PMCID: PMC8306157 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11071283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human oral microbiome refers to an ecological community of symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms found in the oral cavity. The oral cavity is an environment that provides various biological niches, such as the teeth, tongue, and oral mucosa. The oral cavity is the gateway between the external environment and the human body, maintaining oral homeostasis, protecting the mouth, and preventing disease. On the flip side, the oral microbiome also plays an important role in the triggering, development, and progression of oral and systemic diseases. In recent years, disease diagnosis through the analysis of the human oral microbiome has been realized with the recent development of innovative detection technology and is overwhelmingly promising compared to the previous era. It has been found that patients with oral and systemic diseases have variations in their oral microbiome compared to normal subjects. This narrative review provides insight into the pathophysiological role that the oral microbiome plays in influencing oral and systemic diseases and furthers the knowledge related to the oral microbiome produced over the past 30 years. A wide range of updates were provided with the latest knowledge of the oral microbiome to help researchers and clinicians in both academic and clinical aspects. The microbial community information can be utilized in non-invasive diagnosis and can help to develop a new paradigm in precision medicine, which will benefit human health in the era of post-metagenomics.
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25
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Bellando-Randone S, Russo E, Venerito V, Matucci-Cerinic M, Iannone F, Tangaro S, Amedei A. Exploring the Oral Microbiome in Rheumatic Diseases, State of Art and Future Prospective in Personalized Medicine with an AI Approach. J Pers Med 2021; 11:625. [PMID: 34209167 PMCID: PMC8306274 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome is receiving growing interest from the scientific community, as the mouth is the gateway for numerous potential etiopathogenetic factors in different diseases. In addition, the progression of niches from the mouth to the gut, defined as "oral-gut microbiome axis", affects several pathologies, as rheumatic diseases. Notably, rheumatic disorders (RDs) are conditions causing chronic, often intermittent pain affecting the joints or connective tissue. In this review, we examine evidence which supports a role for the oral microbiome in the etiology and progression of various RDs, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren's syndrome (SS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, we address the most recent studies endorsing the oral microbiome as promising diagnostic biomarkers for RDs. Lastly, we introduce the concepts of artificial intelligence (AI), in particular, machine learning (ML) and their general application for understanding the link between oral microbiota and rheumatic diseases, speculating the application of a possible AI approach-based that can be applied to personalized medicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bellando-Randone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Edda Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Vincenzo Venerito
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (V.V.); (F.I.)
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases (UnIRAR), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantations, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (V.V.); (F.I.)
| | - Sabina Tangaro
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica “M. Merlin”, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (S.B.-R.); (E.R.); (M.M.-C.)
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26
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MAIT Cells and Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Diseases. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061132. [PMID: 34074025 PMCID: PMC8225125 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in homeostatic conditions include the interaction with the microbiota and its products, the protection of body barriers, and the mounting of a tissue-repair response to injuries or infections. Dysfunction of MAIT cells and dysbiosis occur in common chronic diseases of inflammatory, metabolic, and tumor nature. This review is aimed at analyzing the changes of MAIT cells, as well as of the microbiota, in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune disorders. Common features of dysbiosis in these conditions are the reduced richness of microbial species and the unbalance between pro-inflammatory and immune regulatory components of the gut microbiota. The literature concerning MAIT cells in these disorders is rather complex, and sometimes not consistent. In multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune conditions, several studies have been done, or are in progress, to find correlations between intestinal permeability, dysbiosis, MAIT cell responses, and clinical biomarkers in treated and treatment-naïve patients. The final aims are to explain what activates MAIT cells in diseases not primarily infective, which interactions with the microbiota are potentially pathogenic, and their dynamics related to disease course and disease-modifying treatments.
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27
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Verstappen GM, Pringle S, Bootsma H, Kroese FGM. Epithelial-immune cell interplay in primary Sjögren syndrome salivary gland pathogenesis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:333-348. [PMID: 33911236 PMCID: PMC8081003 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), the function of the salivary glands is often considerably reduced. Multiple innate immune pathways are likely dysregulated in the salivary gland epithelium in pSS, including the nuclear factor-κB pathway, the inflammasome and interferon signalling. The ductal cells of the salivary gland in pSS are characteristically surrounded by a CD4+ T cell-rich and B cell-rich infiltrate, implying a degree of communication between epithelial cells and immune cells. B cell infiltrates within the ducts can initiate the development of lymphoepithelial lesions, including basal ductal cell hyperplasia. Vice versa, the epithelium provides chronic activation signals to the glandular B cell fraction. This continuous stimulation might ultimately drive the development of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This Review discusses changes in the cells of the salivary gland epithelium in pSS (including acinar, ductal and progenitor cells), and the proposed interplay of these cells with environmental stimuli and the immune system. Current therapeutic options are insufficient to address both lymphocytic infiltration and salivary gland dysfunction. Successful rescue of salivary gland function in pSS will probably demand a multimodal therapeutic approach and an appreciation of the complicity of the salivary gland epithelium in the development of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenny M Verstappen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah Pringle
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hendrika Bootsma
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - Frans G M Kroese
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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28
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Hori Y, Kondo Y, Nodai T, Masaki C, Ono K, Hosokawa R. Xerostomia aggravates ligation-induced peri-implantitis: A preclinical in vivo study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:581-589. [PMID: 33629453 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have indicated that xerostomia is a critical factor affecting periodontitis; nonetheless, it is controversial whether xerostomia impairs peri-implant tissue. The objective of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of xerostomia on the peri-implant hard and soft tissues in the rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Implants were placed in bilateral maxillae of male Wistar rats. The animals underwent submandibular and sublingual gland resection on both sides (DRY group) or sham operation (CTR group). Silk ligatures were placed around one side of abutments, which were randomly selected in each animal. The effects of xerostomia were assessed using micro-CT, histological analysis, real-time PCR, and 16S rRNA-based metagenomic analysis. RESULTS Ligation with silk thread caused bone resorption around implants. Although xerostomia itself did not induce bone resorption, it significantly enhanced silk ligature-mediated bone resorption around implants. Histological analysis and real-time PCR indicated that xerostomia induced inflammation and osteoclastogenesis around implants with silk ligatures. Furthermore, it altered the microbiota of the plaque on the silk thread around implants. CONCLUSION Xerostomia accelerates mucosal inflammation and osteoclastogenesis, which aggravates bone resorption around implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Hori
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kondo
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Nodai
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Chihiro Masaki
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hosokawa
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
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29
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Tseng YC, Yang HY, Lin WT, Chang CB, Chien HC, Wang HP, Chen CM, Wang JT, Li C, Wu SF, Hsieh SC. Salivary dysbiosis in Sjögren's syndrome and a commensal-mediated immunomodulatory effect of salivary gland epithelial cells. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:21. [PMID: 33707430 PMCID: PMC7952914 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00192-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome due to aberrant antigen-presentation function. This study examined the hypothesis that oral dysbiosis modulates the antigen-presentation function of SGECs, which regulates CD4 T cell proliferation in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). Saliva samples from 8 pSS patients and 16 healthy subjects were analyzed for bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA. As a result, 39 differentially abundant taxa were identified. Among them, the phylum Proteobacteria comprised 21 taxa, and this phylum was mostly enriched in the healthy controls. The proteobacterium Haemophilus parainfluenzae was enriched in the healthy controls, with the greatest effect size at the species level. Treatment of A253 cells in vitro with H. parainfluenzae upregulated PD-L1 expression, and H. parainfluenzae-pretreated A253 cells suppressed CD4 T cell proliferation. The suppression was partially reversed by PD-L1 blockade. Among low-grade xerostomia patients, salivary abundance of H. parainfluenzae decreased in pSS patients compared to that in non-pSS sicca patients. Our findings suggest that H. parainfluenzae may be an immunomodulatory commensal bacterium in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chao Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Lin
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Bin Chang
- Department of Urology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chien
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Pin Wang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jann-Tay Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Fen Wu
- Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS), National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan. .,Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology, and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Song-Chou Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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30
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Kageyama Y, Shimokawa Y, Kawauchi K, Morimoto M, Aida K, Akiyama T, Nakamura T. Dysbiosis of Oral Microbiota Associated with Palmoplantar Pustulosis. Dermatology 2020; 237:347-356. [PMID: 33279897 DOI: 10.1159/000511622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of oral microbiota is implicated not only in oral inflammatory lesions, but also in a variety of extraoral diseases. The etiology of palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) remains unclear; however, it has been suggested that chronic inflammation caused by periodontopathic bacterial infection may play a role. OBJECTIVES/METHODS To determine whether patients with PPP have altered diversity and composition of oral microbiota, we conducted the 16S rDNA analysis using saliva samples collected from 21 outpatients with PPP and 10 healthy individuals. RESULTS We found that the proportion of bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria was significantly lower in PPP patients (p = 0.025). At the genus level, patients with PPP had a significantly lower abundance of Neisseria (p = 0.014), which best accounted for the observed decrease in Proteobacteria. We also identified multiple minor genera and species that were represented at a significantly higher level in the PPP group, several of which have been associated with periodontal diseases. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a possible link between PPP and dysbiosis of oral microbiota, particularly the lower abundance of Neisseria, the most predominant genus of Proteobacteria in healthy oral microbiota. Probiotics that improves oral dysbiosis may be beneficial for patients with PPP as an adjunctive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Kageyama
- Takanawa Clinic, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Tokai University Hospital, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Tetsu Akiyama
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakamura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Genetic Information, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,
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31
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Zorba M, Melidou A, Patsatsi A, Ioannou E, Kolokotronis A. The possible role of oral microbiome in autoimmunity. Int J Womens Dermatol 2020; 6:357-364. [PMID: 33898698 PMCID: PMC8060669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The human microbiome refers to the entire habitat, including microorganisms, their genomes and the surrounding environmental conditions of the microbial ecosystem. When the equilibrium between microbial habitats and host is disturbed, dysbiosis is caused. The oral microbiome (OMB) has been implicated in the manifestation of many intra- and extraoral diseases. Lately, there has been an intense effort to investigate and specify the relationship between microbial complexes, especially that of the oral cavity and intestine and autoimmunity. This study aimed to review the current literature about the possible role of the OMB in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. METHODS We searched for published articles in English indexed in PubMed, Medline, Research Gate and Google Scholar using a search strategy that included terms for oral microbiome, autoimmune diseases, dysbiosis and next-generation sequencing. RESULTS An important number of articles were gathered and used for the description of the possible impact of dysbiosis of OMB in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Behcet's disease, Crohn's disease and psoriasis. CONCLUSION This review article draws attention to the relationship between OMB and the triggering of a number of autoimmune diseases. Although this specific topic has been previously reviewed, herein, the authors review recent literature regarding the full list of nosological entities related to the OMB, point out the interaction between the microbiome and sex hormones with regard to their role in autoimmunity and discuss novel and promising therapeutic approaches for systemic autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, the question arises of whether the OMB is associated with oral bullous autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matina Zorba
- Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Melidou
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Patsatsi
- Second Dermatology Department of Papageorgiou General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Ioannou
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Kolokotronis
- Department of Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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32
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Herrala M, Mikkonen JJW, Pesonen P, Lappalainen R, Tjäderhane L, Niemelä RK, Seitsalo H, Salo T, Myllymaa S, Kullaa AM. Variability of salivary metabolite levels in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. J Oral Sci 2020; 63:22-26. [PMID: 33116006 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.19-0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate inter- and intra-individual variation in the levels and outputs (concentration multiplied by salivary flow rate) of salivary metabolites in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). METHODS A total of 56 samples of stimulated saliva were collected from 14 female pSS patients during four laboratory visits within 20 weeks and analyzed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Single saliva samples from each of 15 controls were also analyzed. RESULTS Among 21 quantified metabolites, choline was significantly elevated in the pSS patients at each time point (P ≤ 0.015), taurine at the last three time points (P ≤ 0.013), alanine at the last two time points (P ≤ 0.007) and glycine at the last time point (P = 0.005). Inter-individual variation in metabolite concentrations was generally larger among the patients than among the controls, and significantly large variations were observed for glycine (P ≤ 0.007, all time points), choline (P ≤ 0.033, three last time points) and alanine (P = 0.028, baseline). Metabolite output analysis showed that choline had the lowest intra-patient variation. CONCLUSION In spite of considerable intra- and inter-individual variation, levels and outputs of specific metabolites in patients with pSS differ from those in controls, and may be potentially applicable as new biological markers for monitoring of the response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Herrala
- Research Group of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital.,Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital
| | - Jopi J W Mikkonen
- SIB Labs and Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland
| | - Paula Pesonen
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu
| | - Reijo Lappalainen
- SIB Labs and Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland
| | - Leo Tjäderhane
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital
| | | | | | - Tuula Salo
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital
| | - Sami Myllymaa
- SIB Labs and Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland
| | - Arja M Kullaa
- Research Group of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital.,Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland.,Educational Dental Clinic, Kuopio University Hospital
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33
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van der Meulen TA, Vissink A, Bootsma H, Spijkervet FKL, Kroese FGM. Microbiome in Sjögren's syndrome: here we are. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 81:e114. [PMID: 32699041 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taco A van der Meulen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika Bootsma
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fred K L Spijkervet
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Kroese
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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34
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Alvarez X, Sestak K, Byrareddy SN, Mohan M. Long Term Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol Administration Inhibits Proinflammatory Responses in Minor Salivary Glands of Chronically Simian Immunodeficieny Virus Infected Rhesus Macaques. Viruses 2020; 12:v12070713. [PMID: 32630206 PMCID: PMC7412369 DOI: 10.3390/v12070713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV/SIV-associated oral mucosal disease/dysfunction (HAOMD) (gingivitis/periodontitis/salivary adenitis) represents a major comorbidity affecting HIV patients on anti-retroviral therapy. Using a systems biology approach, we investigated molecular changes (mRNA/microRNA) underlying HAOMD and its modulation by phytocannabinoids (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC)) in uninfected (n = 5) and SIV-infected rhesus macaques untreated (VEH-untreated/SIV; n = 7) or treated with vehicle (VEH/SIV; n = 3) or ∆9-THC (THC/SIV; n = 3). Relative to controls, fewer mRNAs were upregulated in THC/SIV compared to VEH-untreated/SIV macaques. Gene enrichment analysis showed differential enrichment of biological functions involved in anti-viral defense, Type-I interferon, Toll-like receptor, RIG-1 and IL1R signaling in VEH-untreated/SIV macaques. We focused on the anti-ER-stress anterior gradient-2 (AGR2), epithelial barrier protecting and anti-dysbiotic WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain-2 (WFDC2) and glucocorticoid-induced anti-inflammatory TSC22D3 (TSC22-domain family member-3) that were significantly downregulated in oropharyngeal mucosa (OPM) of VEH-untreated/SIV macaques. All three proteins localized to minor salivary gland acini and secretory ducts and showed enhanced and reduced expression in OPM of THC/SIV and VEH/SIV macaques, respectively. Additionally, inflammation associated miR-21, miR-142-3p and miR-29b showed significantly higher expression in OPM of VEH-untreated/SIV macaques. TSC22D3 was validated as a target of miR-29b. These preliminary translational findings suggest that phytocannabinoids may safely and effectively reduce oral inflammatory responses in HIV/SIV and other (autoimmune) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA;
| | - Karol Sestak
- PreCliniTria, LLC., Mandeville, LA 70471, USA;
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Siddappa N. Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Correspondence: (S.N.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mahesh Mohan
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA;
- Correspondence: (S.N.B.); (M.M.)
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35
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To highlight recent findings on pathogenic mechanisms and clinical associations which characterize the role of infectious agents as triggers for Sjögren's syndrome development. RECENT FINDINGS Several candidate infectious agents have been identified to induce the autoimmune and inflammatory pathways leading to Sjögren's syndrome clinical appearance in the setting of a genetic background. This is reinforced by the demonstration that Sjögren's syndrome patients are characterized by higher prevalence of seropositivity to virus and bacterial agents in comparison with general population. Moreover, these agents may infect salivary gland epithelial cells. Stronger evidence confirmed the role of some viruses, like Epstein-Barr, as triggers of the disease and different mechanisms have been demonstrated to interplay. Recent experimental and clinical studies supported the adjunctive role of an altered buccal and intestinal microbial composition and chronic inflammatory response to Helicobacter pylori in disease induction. Finally, latent viral infections and immune system chronic stimulation induced by persistent infections may participate in disease lymphoproliferative evolution. SUMMARY Different viral and bacterial agents have been identified as triggers in Sjögren's syndrome induction and contributors to the chronic immune system stimulation underlying lymphoproliferative complication. Deeper knowledge of involved microbial agents and pathogenic mechanisms linking Sjögren's syndrome and infections may help the identification of preventive therapeutic strategy.
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36
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Björk A, Mofors J, Wahren-Herlenius M. Environmental factors in the pathogenesis of primary Sjögren's syndrome. J Intern Med 2020; 287:475-492. [PMID: 32107824 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which exocrine organs, primarily the salivary and lacrimal glands, are targets of chronic inflammation, leading to severe dryness of eyes and mouth. Fatigue and arthralgia are also common, and extraglandular manifestations involving the respiratory, nervous and vascular systems occur in a subset of patients. Persistent activation of the type I interferon system, and autoreactive B and T cells with production of disease-associated autoantibodies are central to the pathogenesis. Genetic polymorphisms that associate with an increased risk of SS have been described, though the risk-increase contributed by the respective variant is generally low. It is thus becoming increasingly clear that genetics cannot alone account for the development of SS and that other, presumably exogenous, factors must play a critical role. Relatively few studies have investigated exposure to potential risk factors prior to SS disease onset. Rather, many factors have been studied in prevalent cases. In this review, we summarize current literature on exogenous factors in the pathogenesis of SS including infections, hormones, smoking, solvents and additional compounds. We delineate for which factors there is current evidence of increased disease risk, and for which our present knowledge is confined to suggesting their role in SS pathogenesis. Finally, we outline future perspectives in the continued search for environmental risk factors for SS, a research area of great importance considering the possibilities for preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Björk
- From the, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Mofors
- From the, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Wahren-Herlenius
- From the, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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37
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Trujillo-Vargas CM, Schaefer L, Alam J, Pflugfelder SC, Britton RA, de Paiva CS. The gut-eye-lacrimal gland-microbiome axis in Sjögren Syndrome. Ocul Surf 2020; 18:335-344. [PMID: 31644955 PMCID: PMC7124975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial communities that collectively inhabit our body are called the microbiome. Virtually all body surface harbors bacteria. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing that have provided insight into the diversity, composition of bacterial communities, and their interaction are discussed in this review, as well as the current knowledge of how the microbiome promotes ocular health. The ocular surface is a site of low bacterial load. Sjögren Syndrome is an autoimmune disease that affects the exocrine glands, causing dry mouth and dry eye. Systemic antibiotic treatment and germ-free mice have demonstrated that commensal bacteria have a protective role for the ocular surface and lacrimal gland. The existence of a gut-eye-lacrimal gland axis-microbiome is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Trujillo-Vargas
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellin, Colombia; Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Laura Schaefer
- Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jehan Alam
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Stephen C Pflugfelder
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Robert A Britton
- Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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38
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Alam J, Lee A, Lee J, Kwon DI, Park HK, Park JH, Jeon S, Baek K, Lee J, Park SH, Choi Y. Dysbiotic oral microbiota and infected salivary glands in Sjögren's syndrome. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230667. [PMID: 32208441 PMCID: PMC7092996 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Key events in the pathogenesis of Sjӧgren syndrome (SS) include the change of salivary gland epithelial cells into antigen-presenting cell-like phenotypes and focal lymphocytic sialadenitis (FLS). However, what triggers these features in SS is unknown. Dysbiosis of the gut and oral microbiomes is a potential environmental factor in SS, but its connection to the etiopathogenesis of SS remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiota in SS and to investigate its potential role in the pathogenesis of SS. Oral bacterial communities were collected by whole mouthwash from control subjects (14 without oral dryness and 11 with dryness) and primary SS patients (8 without oral dryness and 17 with dryness) and were analyzed by pyrosequencing. The SS oral microbiota was characterized by an increased bacterial load and Shannon diversity. Through comparisons of control and SS in combined samples and then separately in non-dry and dry conditions, SS-associated taxa independent of dryness were identified. Three SS-associated species and 2 control species were selected and used to challenge human submandibular gland tumor (HSG) cells. Among the selected SS-associated bacterial species, Prevotella melaninogenica uniquely upregulated the expression of MHC molecules, CD80, and IFNλ in HSG cells. Concomitantly, P. melaninogenica efficiently invaded HSG cells. Sections of labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsies from 8 non-SS subjects and 15 SS patients were subjected to in situ hybridization using universal and P. melaninogenica-specific probes. Ductal cells and the areas of infiltration were heavily infected with bacteria in the LSGs with FLS. Collectively, dysbiotic oral microbiota may initiate the deregulation of SGECs and the IFN signature through bacterial invasion into ductal cells. These findings may provide new insights into the etiopathogenesis of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan Alam
- Departments of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahreum Lee
- Departments of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junho Lee
- Departments of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Il Kwon
- Departments of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Park
- Departments of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sumin Jeon
- Departments of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keumjin Baek
- Departments of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jennifer Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Internal medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngnim Choi
- Departments of Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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39
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Willis JR, Gabaldón T. The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020308. [PMID: 32102216 PMCID: PMC7074908 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract: The human oral cavity is home to an abundant and diverse microbial community (i.e., the oral microbiome), whose composition and roles in health and disease have been the focus of intense research in recent years. Thanks to developments in sequencing-based approaches, such as 16S ribosomal RNA metabarcoding, whole metagenome shotgun sequencing, or meta-transcriptomics, we now can efficiently explore the diversity and roles of oral microbes, even if unculturable. Recent sequencing-based studies have charted oral ecosystems and how they change due to lifestyle or disease conditions. As studies progress, there is increasing evidence of an important role of the oral microbiome in diverse health conditions, which are not limited to diseases of the oral cavity. This, in turn, opens new avenues for microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics that benefit from the easy accessibility of the oral cavity for microbiome monitoring and manipulation. Yet, many challenges remain ahead. In this review, we survey the main sequencing-based methodologies that are currently used to explore the oral microbiome and highlight major findings enabled by these approaches. Finally, we discuss future prospects in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R. Willis
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BCS-CNS), Jordi Girona, 29., 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BCS-CNS), Jordi Girona, 29., 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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40
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Abstract
Microbial contributions to the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases have been studied since the advent of germ theory in the 19th century. With the exception of Group A Streptococcus in rheumatic fever, early studies failed to establish causal relationships between specific pathobionts and rheumatic disease. Today, systemic autoimmune diseases are thought to result from a complex interplay of environmental factors, individual genetic risk, and stochastic events. Interactions of microbiota and the immune system have been shown to promote and sustain chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. In mechanistic studies, microbe-immune cell interactions have been implicated in the initiation of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, e.g., through the posttranslational modification of autoantigens in rheumatoid arthritis or through neutrophil cell death and cross-reactivity with commensal orthologs in systemic lupus erythematosus. In parallel, modern molecular techniques have catalyzed the study of the microbiome in systemic autoimmune diseases. Here, I review current insights gained into the skin, oral, gut, lung, and vascular microbiome in connective tissue diseases and vasculitis. Mechanism relevant to the development and propagation of autoimmunity will be discussed whenever explored. While studies on autoimmune rheumatic disease have almost invariably shown abnormal microbiome structure (dysbiosis), substantial variability in microbial composition between studies makes generalization difficult. Moreover, an etiopathogenic role of specific pathobionts cannot be inferred by association alone. Integrating descriptive studies of microbial communities with hypothesis-driven research informed by immunopathogenesis will be important in elucidating targetable mechanisms in preclinical and established rheumatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian F Konig
- Division of Rheumatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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41
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Sharma D, Sandhya P, Vellarikkal SK, Surin AK, Jayarajan R, Verma A, Kumar A, Ravi R, Danda D, Sivasubbu S, Scaria V. Saliva microbiome in primary Sjögren's syndrome reveals distinct set of disease-associated microbes. Oral Dis 2020; 26:295-301. [PMID: 31514257 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study systematically aims to evaluate the salivary microbiome in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) using 16S rRNA sequencing approach. METHODS DNA isolation and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on saliva of 37 pSS and 35 control (CC) samples on HiSeq 2500 platform. 16S rRNA sequence analysis was performed independently using two popular computational pipelines, QIIME and less operational taxonomic units scripts (LoTuS). RESULTS There were no significant changes in the alpha diversity between saliva of patients and controls. However, four genera including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Dialister and Leptotrichia were found to be differential between the two sets, and common between both QIIME and LoTuS analysis pipelines (Fold change of 2 and p < .05). Bifidobacterium, Dialister and Lactobacillus were found to be enriched, while Leptotrichia was significantly depleted in pSS compared to the controls. Exploration of microbial diversity measures (Chao1, observed species and Shannon index) revealed a significant increase in the diversity in patients with renal tubular acidosis. An opposite trend was noted, with depletion of diversity in patients with steroids. CONCLUSION Our analysis suggests that while no significant changes in the diversity of the salivary microbiome could be observed in Sjögren's syndrome compared to the controls, a set of four genera were significantly and consistently differential in the saliva of patients with pSS. Additionally, a difference in alpha diversity in patients with renal tubular acidosis and those on steroids was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Sharma
- Informatics and Big Data, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India
| | - Pulukool Sandhya
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Shamsudheen Karuthedath Vellarikkal
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India.,Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajit Kumar Surin
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Rijith Jayarajan
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Verma
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rowmika Ravi
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Debashish Danda
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Sridhar Sivasubbu
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India.,Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Scaria
- Informatics and Big Data, CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IGIB, New Delhi, India
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Hitomi S, Ujihara I, Sago-Ito M, Nodai T, Shikayama T, Inenaga K, Ono K. Hyposalivation due to chemotherapy exacerbates oral ulcerative mucositis and delays its healing. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 105:20-26. [PMID: 31238198 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cancer therapy including chemotherapy causes gland atrophy, resulting in low salivary secretion in cancer patients. Since saliva plays an important role in oral health, the dysfunction may exacerbate oral ulcerative mucositis (OUM), which is another side effect. Here, we investigated the effect of hyposalivation on OUM using sialoadenectomized rats and examined the effects of anticancer drugs on the salivary glands. DESIGN As models for hyposalivation, the bilateral submandibular and sublingual glands except (2EXT) or together with (3EXT) the parotid glands were extracted. At 16 days after the procedure, OUM was experimentally developed by topical acetic acid treatment on the labial fornix region of the inferior incisors, and the severity and bacterial loading level were evaluated. The salivary gland weights and histology were analyzed after administration of the representative anticancer drugs 5-fluorouracil or cisplatin. RESULTS The severity of OUM was greater in both the 3EXT and 2EXT rats and delayed the healing process compared with that in sham rats without salivary gland extraction. The healing process in the 3EXT rats was longer than that in the 2EXT rats. The number of colony-forming units in the ulcerative region from the 3EXT rats was 10-fold greater than that in the sham rats. Both 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin reduced glands weights and damaged the salivary glands. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that chemotherapy-induced hyposalivation exacerbates OUM and delays healing, most likely due to loss of salivary clearance and antimicrobial functions. This study illustrates the significance of oral health care for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzuro Hitomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Izumi Ujihara
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Misa Sago-Ito
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan; Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Nodai
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan; Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Takemi Shikayama
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan; Division of Periodontology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kiyotoshi Inenaga
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
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Rusthen S, Kristoffersen AK, Young A, Galtung HK, Petrovski BÉ, Palm Ø, Enersen M, Jensen JL. Dysbiotic salivary microbiota in dry mouth and primary Sjögren's syndrome patients. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218319. [PMID: 31211815 PMCID: PMC6581286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by reduced lacrimal and salivary secretion. Sicca symptoms together with fatigue and musculoskeletal pain can significantly reduce the patients’ quality of life. Furthermore, low salivary secretion may disrupt the oral microbial homeostasis. The aim of this study was to compare the salivary microbiota from pSS patients with patients with sicca symptoms not fulfilling the classification criteria for pSS (non-SS), and with healthy controls without sicca complaints. Methods Pellets from centrifuged chewing-stimulated whole saliva from pSS patients (n = 15), non-SS sicca patients (n = 15) and healthy controls (n = 15) were prepared. DNA was extracted and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The acquired sequencing data were performed using the human oral microbiome database (HOMD). Results We detected 42, 45, and 34 bacterial genera in saliva samples from pSS patients, non-SS sicca patients, and healthy controls, respectively. The most abundant genera in all samples were Prevotella, Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Haemophilus. At species level Streptococcus intermedius, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. vincentii, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella nancensis, Tannerella spp., and Treponema spp. were detected in the samples from pSS and non-SS only, while Porphyromonas pasteri was mostly found among the healthy controls. Conclusion Our study indicated dysbiosis in the salivary microbiota from pSS and non-SS patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, the results showed that the salivary microbiome in the pSS group differed significantly from the non-SS group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rusthen
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A. K. Kristoffersen
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A. Young
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - H. K. Galtung
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - B. É. Petrovski
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ø. Palm
- Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - M. Enersen
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J. L. Jensen
- Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
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van der Meulen TA, Harmsen HJ, Vila AV, Kurilshikov A, Liefers SC, Zhernakova A, Fu J, Wijmenga C, Weersma RK, de Leeuw K, Bootsma H, Spijkervet FK, Vissink A, Kroese FG. Shared gut, but distinct oral microbiota composition in primary Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Autoimmun 2019; 97:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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van der Meulen TA, van Nimwegen JF, Harmsen HJM, Liefers SC, van der Tuuk K, Kroese FGM, Mourits MJE, Vissink A, Bootsma H. Normal vaginal microbiome in women with primary Sjögren's syndrome-associated vaginal dryness. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 78:707-709. [PMID: 30487150 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taco A van der Meulen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien F van Nimwegen
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hermie J M Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia C Liefers
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karin van der Tuuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Kroese
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marian J E Mourits
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika Bootsma
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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