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Tehrani AM, Berijani N, Hajiketabi S, Samadi M. Tracking bioaerosol exposure among municipal solid waste workers using hematological and inflammatory biomarkers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 352:124124. [PMID: 38723706 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
High levels of bioaerosols may exist in the air of municipal solid waste (MSW) management facilities, constituting a significant occupational hazard for workers. In this study, we investigated the potential association between exposure to bioaerosols and inflammatory biomarkers among municipal solid waste workers (MSWWs) at both the landfill site and the municipal solid waste transfer station (MSWTS), in comparison to a control group without exposure. Air sampling was conducted at six points around the landfill, two points at the MSWTS, and one point in a public park (as a control area) during the spring and summer of 2019. The results of our study revealed that airborne pathogens were highly prevalent at the sampling points, especially in the active zone and leachate collection pond. Aspergillus species were the predominant fungal species detected in this study, with the highest occurrence observed for Aspergillus flavus (83.3%), Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus fumigatus (75.0%). Furthermore, Staphylococcus species accounted for over 75% of the total bacterial bioaerosols detected across all study areas. The blood test results of workers revealed a significant increase in platelets (PLT), immunoglobulin G (IgG), white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, basophils, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) compared to the control group. Conversely, platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) in the exposed subjects exhibited a decreasing trend compared to the control group. These findings suggest a potential association between exposure to bioaerosols, particularly in the vicinity of open dumpsites, and elevated levels of hematologic and inflammatory markers in circulation. Furthermore, the influence of smoking status and confounding factors appears to be significant in both the control and exposure groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Mazaheri Tehrani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Sajjad Hajiketabi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammadtaghi Samadi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Rohm F, Kling E, Hoffmann R, Meisinger C, Linseisen J. Prevalence of a large panel of systemic autoantibodies in the Bavarian adult population. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355905. [PMID: 38390318 PMCID: PMC10881743 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Autoimmune diseases commonly feature the presence of specific humoral autoantibodies. However, the prevalence of a large panel of systemic autoantibodies has never been assessed in the general population. We, therefore, described the prevalence of about 50 humoral systemic autoantibodies in a sample of the general Bavarian adult population. Methods Non-fasting venous serum samples from 331 participants were analyzed for 7 autoantibody screening tests (nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitotic ANA, ANCA, cANCA and pANCA, anti-ENA autoantibodies) and 44 different monospecific humoral non-organ specific/systemic autoantibodies using indirect immunofluorescence tests, ELISAs, and line blots. In order to assess associations between sex, age, BMI, education level, smoking status and the presence of systemic autoantibodies, logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results At least one screening test was positive in 29.9% of the participants, and 42.3% of the participants were seropositive for at least one monospecific autoantibody. The most frequently found monospecific autoantibodies were rheumatoid factor (35.6%), ß2-glycoprotein 1 IgM (4.8%), and cardiolipin IgG (1.8%). Only few associations between sex, age, BMI, education, smoking status and autoantibody frequencies were observed. Conclusion Systemic autoantibodies are common in the general Bavarian population, and largely independent of sex, age, BMI, education, or smoking status. The study results may give orientation to clinicians about the occurrence of autoantibodies in the population, not (yet) associated with clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Rohm
- Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kling
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hoffmann
- Institute for Laboratory Medicine and Microbiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | | | - Jakob Linseisen
- Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
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Zanussi JT, Zhao J, Wei WQ, Karakoc G, Chung CP, Feng Q, Olsen NJ, Stein CM, Kawai VK. Clinical diagnoses associated with a positive antinuclear antibody test in patients with and without autoimmune disease. BMC Rheumatol 2023; 7:24. [PMID: 37550754 PMCID: PMC10405518 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-023-00349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are antibodies present in several autoimmune disorders. However, a large proportion of the general population (20%) also have a positive test; very few of these individuals will develop an autoimmune disease, and the clinical impact of a positive ANA in them is not known. Thus, we test the hypothesis that ANA + test reflects a state of immune dysregulation that alters risk for some clinical disorders in individuals without an autoimmune disease. METHODS We performed high throughput association analyses in a case-control study using real world data from the de-identified electronic health record (EHR) system from Vanderbilt University Medical Center. The study population included individuals with an ANA titer ≥ 1:80 at any time (ANA +) and those with negative results (ANA-). The cohort was stratified into sub-cohorts of individuals with and without an autoimmune disease. A phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) adjusted by sex, year of birth, race, and length of follow-up was performed in the study cohort and in the sub-cohorts. As secondary analyses, only clinical diagnoses after ANA testing were included in the analyses. RESULTS The cohort included 70,043 individuals: 49,546 without and 20,497 with an autoimmune disease, 26,579 were ANA + and 43,464 ANA-. In the study cohort and the sub-cohort with autoimmune disease, ANA + was associated (P ≤ 5 × 10-5) with 88 and 136 clinical diagnoses respectively, including lupus (OR ≥ 5.4, P ≤ 7.8 × 10-202) and other autoimmune diseases and complications. In the sub-cohort without autoimmune diseases, ANA + was associated with increased risk of Raynaud's syndrome (OR ≥ 2.1) and alveolar/perialveolar-related pneumopathies (OR ≥ 1.4) and decreased risk of hepatitis C, tobacco use disorders, mood disorders, convulsions, fever of unknown origin, and substance abuse disorders (OR ≤ 0.8). Analyses including only diagnoses after ANA testing yielded similar results. CONCLUSION A positive ANA test, in addition to known associations with autoimmune diseases, Raynaud's phenomenon, and idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis related disorders, is associated with decreased prevalence of several non-autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacy T Zanussi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei-Qi Wei
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gul Karakoc
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cecilia P Chung
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System - Nashville Campus, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - QiPing Feng
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy J Olsen
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - C Michael Stein
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vivian K Kawai
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Chen J, Liao S, Pang W, Guo F, Yang L, Liu HF, Pan Q. Life factors acting on systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:986239. [PMID: 36189303 PMCID: PMC9521426 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.986239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a highly heterogeneous autoimmune disease that primarily affects women. Currently, in the search for the mechanisms of SLE pathogenesis, the association of lifestyle factors such as diet, cigarette smoking, ultraviolet radiation exposure, alcohol and caffeine-rich beverage consumption with SLE susceptibility has been systematically investigated. The cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating lifestyle effects on SLE occurrence, including interactions between genetic risk loci and environment, epigenetic changes, immune dysfunction, hyper-inflammatory response, and cytotoxicity, have been proposed. In the present review of the reports published in reputable peer-reviewed journals and government websites, we consider the current knowledge about the relationships between lifestyle factors and SLE incidence and outline directions of future research in this area. Formulation of practical measures with regard to the lifestyle in the future will benefit SLE patients and may provide potential therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qingjun Pan
- *Correspondence: Hua-feng Liu, ; Qingjun Pan,
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Gunda V, Chhonker YS, Natesh NS, Raut P, Muniyan S, Wyatt TA, Murry DJ, Batra SK, Rachagani S. Nuclear factor kappa-B contributes to cigarette smoke tolerance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through cysteine metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112312. [PMID: 34678726 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospective studies revealed that cigarette smoking enhances risk of incidence and worsens prognosis in pancreatic cancer (PC) patients. Poor prognosis in smoker cohort of PC patients indicates prevalence of cigarette smoke stimulated survival mechanisms yet to be explored in PC. In this study, cigarette smoke induced metabolic pathways were explored and targeted in PC. METHODS Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell (PDAC) lines, genetically engineered mice models (GEMMs), mass spectrometry based heavy isotope-based metabolite analysis, cytotoxicity assays and Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) targeting were utilized in this study. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was prepared fresh each day by bubbling cell culture media with the smoke emitted from 85 mm, filtered, Code 1R6F reference cigarettes and used for in vitro procedures. High dose cigarette smoke exposure of GEMMs was achieved by daily exposure of animals to similar cigarettes, 6 h/day for a total period of 180 days. FINDINGS We observed that PDAC cells upregulate glutathione anabolism through cysteine uptake and glutamate cysteine ligase (GCLM), supporting survival, upon CSE exposure. In vivo, cigarette smoke exposure leads to concomitant upregulation of GCLM and activated NF-kB in the PDAC consistent with in vitro, in CSE-exposed PDAC. Finally, either inhibition of NF-kB or depletion of cysteine impaired PDAC cell survival in cigarette smoke exposed conditions through suppression of glutathione and ROS enhancement, reverted by glutathione supplementation. INTERPRETATION Our findings demonstrate scope for targeting smoke induced, NF-kB mediated, cysteine and glutathione metabolism for improving the survival of smoke addicted PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Gunda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Nagabhishek Sirpu Natesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Pratima Raut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sakthivel Muniyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Todd A Wyatt
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Daryl J Murry
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Leffers HCB, Troldborg A, Voss A, Kristensen S, Lindhardsen J, Kumar P, Linauskas A, Juul L, Krogh NS, Deleuran B, Dreyer L, Jacobsen S. Smoking associates with distinct clinical phenotypes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a nationwide Danish cross-sectional study. Lupus Sci Med 2021; 8:8/1/e000474. [PMID: 33811110 PMCID: PMC8023756 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2021-000474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives SLE displays large clinical heterogeneity that beyond genetic factors may be determined by environmental exposures. In this Danish nationwide study, we aimed to determine if clinical subsets of SLE were associated with smoking history. Methods At each of six participating centres, incident or prevalent inpatients and outpatients with SLE were consecutively included. Manifestations forming the basis of SLE classification were registered in an electronic chart system. Patients also provided questionnaire-based data on environmental exposures, including smoking history. Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to determine and characterise subsets of patients with similar traits of disease manifestations. Levels of smoking exposure by pack-years were correlated to the identified SLE subsets, as well as discrete SLE manifestations. Results The cohort consisted of 485 patients (88% women and 92% Caucasian) with SLE of which 51% were ever smokers. Common disease manifestations comprised non-erosive arthritis (81%), malar rash (57%), lymphopenia (55%), photosensitivity (50%) and persistent proteinuria (41%). We identified three distinct phenotypic clusters characterised by their preponderance of (A) neurological, serosal and mucosal involvement; (B) renal, haematological and immunological disorders; and (C) acute and chronic skin manifestations. Cluster B was the youngest and had the lowest level of smoking exposure. Age-adjusted regression analyses showed that compared with never smokers a smoking history of >20 pack-years was associated with neurological disorder (OR=3.16), discoid rash (OR=2.22), photosensitivity (OR=2.19) and inversely with haematological disorder (OR=0.40), renal disorder (OR=0.40) and non-erosive arthritis (OR=0.45), p<0.05 for all. Conclusions Our findings support that SLE presents in varying clinical phenotypes and suggest that they may have differentiated associations with smoking history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Christian Bidstrup Leffers
- Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen, Hovedstaden, Denmark
| | - Anne Troldborg
- Departments of Biomedicine and Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Voss
- Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Salome Kristensen
- Department of Rheumatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, North Denmark Region, Denmark
| | - Jesper Lindhardsen
- Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen, Hovedstaden, Denmark
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Department of Rheumatology, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Hjørring, North Denmark Region, Denmark
| | - Asta Linauskas
- Department of Rheumatology, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Hjørring, North Denmark Region, Denmark
| | - Lars Juul
- Department of Rheumatology, Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Hovedstaden, Denmark
| | | | - Bent Deleuran
- Departments of Biomedicine and Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lene Dreyer
- Department of Rheumatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, North Denmark Region, Denmark
| | - Søren Jacobsen
- Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Copenhagen, Hovedstaden, Denmark
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Perez MF, Atuegwu NC, Mortensen EM, Oncken C. The inflammatory biomarker YKL-40 is elevated in the serum, but not the sputum, of E-cigarette users. Exp Lung Res 2021; 47:55-66. [PMID: 33200966 PMCID: PMC8168626 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1847216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults between 18 and 55 years old. Inclusion criteria were: exclusive e-cigarette use or cigarette smoking for ≥ 1 year or no history of tobacco use. Participants with a history of pulmonary illness, atopy, medications (except birth control pills), marijuana, and illegal substance use were excluded. Custom Multiplex ELISA was used to measure YKL-40 and other biomarker levels in the serum and induced sputum of the participants. Multivariable linear regression was used to compare the levels of YLK-40 in healthy participants, e-cigarette, and cigarette users after adjusting for age, sex, and BMI. RESULTS We recruited 20 healthy controls, 23 cigarette smokers, and 22 exclusive e-cigarette users. Serum YKL-40 (ng/ml) was significantly higher in e-cigarette users (Median 21.2 [IQR 12.1-24.0] ng/ml) when compared to controls (12.2 [IQR 8.7-18.1] ng/ml, p = 0.016) but comparable to cigarette smokers (21.6 [IQR 11.62-51.7] ng/ml, p = 0.31). No significant differences were found in the serum or sputum of the other biomarkers tested. CONCLUSION The inflammatory biomarker, YKL-40 is elevated in the serum but not the sputum of e-cigarette users with no reported pulmonary disease. Further research is necessary to characterize this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario F Perez
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Deparment of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nkiruka C Atuegwu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Deparment of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Eric M Mortensen
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Deparment of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Cheryl Oncken
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Deparment of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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Burchiel SW, Lauer FT, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, Santella RM, Islam T, Eunus M, Alam N, Islam T, Rahman M, Ahmed A, Ahsan H, Graziano J, Parvez F. An increase in circulating B cells and B cell activation markers in peripheral blood is associated with cigarette smoking in a male cohort in Bangladesh. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 384:114783. [PMID: 31669812 PMCID: PMC6886671 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In a cohort of approximately 200 Bangladeshi men, equally divided into smokers and non-smokers and equally divided by exposure to high and low levels of drinking water arsenic, we examined ex vivo a series of immune markers and immune function tests in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). These immune parameters included PBMC cell surface markers (CSM) for B, T, monocytes, and NK cells, activated T and B cell markers, cytokine production in vitro, and analysis of CD4 subsets (Th1, Th2, Treg, and Th17 cells). We found that the effects of cigarette smoke were quite different than those associated with arsenic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts. Cigarette smoking was associated with a significant increase in the number of PAH-DNA adducts as well as an increase in urinary levels of 1-hydropxypyrene (1-OHP). After correcting for arsenic exposure and PAH-DNA adducts, we found that cigarette smoking was associated with an increase in the percentage of CD19+ B cells, as well as the percentage of activated B cells (CD19+, HLA-DRbright cells) found in PBMC. These findings demonstrate activation of the immune system during chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, which is a known risk factor for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Burchiel
- The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America.
| | - Fredine T Lauer
- The University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States of America
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubul Eunus
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Nur Alam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mizanour Rahman
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Alauddin Ahmed
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States of America
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Kallas R, Li J, Petri M. Association of African-American ethnicity and smoking status with total and individual damage index in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 39:365-373. [PMID: 31705325 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04800-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smoking has been associated with increased incidence, severity of cutaneous lupus, and lupus activity. We looked at the association of both smoking and ethnicity with the individual damage items from the SLICC/ACR Damage Index. METHODS Poisson regression was used to model the total SLICC/ACR Damage Index score against ever smoking. Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between time to individual damage items and ever smoking. Furthermore, we compared SLICC/ACR Damage Index items among African-American and Caucasian ever smokers. RESULTS The study included 2629 patients, 52.6% Caucasian and 39.3% African-American. The prevalence of ever smokers was 35.8%. There was no significant difference in total SLICC/ACR Damage Index score between ever smokers and never smokers after adjustment for ethnicity, gender, age at diagnosis, and years of education. Ever smokers had more atherosclerotic cardiovascular damage and skin damage compared to non-smokers. Caucasian SLE patients who ever smoked were more likely to have muscle atrophy and atherosclerosis compared to Caucasian non-smokers. African-American patients who ever smoked were more likely to have skin damage compared to African-American non-smokers. African-Americans who smoked were more likely to have many more damage items (cataract, renal damage, pulmonary hypertension, cardiomyopathy, deforming or erosive arthritis, avascular necrosis, skin damage, and diabetes) compared to Caucasians who smoked. CONCLUSION Our analysis proved the major effect of smoking on cardiovascular and cutaneous damage. Surprisingly, cardiovascular damage items had higher hazard ratios in Caucasian smokers than non-smokers while skin damage items hazard ratios were higher in African-American smokers compared to non-smokers.Key Points• This study is the largest cohort study to date evaluating the effect of smoking on the cumulative SLICC/ACR Damage Index and its individual damage items.• It is the only study that examined the effect of smoking on individual items of the SLICC/ACR Damage Index in terms of Caucasians vs. African-American ethnicity.• Our analysis proved the major effect of smoking on cardiovascular and cutaneous damage. Compared to non-smokers, Caucasian smokers had higher risk of cardiovascular damage while African-American smokers had more skin damage.• African-Americans who smoked were more likely to have many more damage items (cataract, renal damage, pulmonary hypertension, cardiomyopathy, deforming or erosive arthritis, avascular necrosis, skin damage, and diabetes) compared to Caucasians who smoked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Kallas
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 7500, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Jessica Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 7500, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Michelle Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 7500, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Parisis D, Bernier C, Chasset F, Arnaud L. Impact of tobacco smoking upon disease risk, activity and therapeutic response in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:102393. [PMID: 31520802 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex disease with variable presentations, course and prognosis. Published studies present conflicting data regarding the impact of cigarette smoking on SLE risk, disease activity, clinical manifestations and treatment response. We performed a comprehensive literature search using Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Collaboration database, and hand searches of relevant bibliographies. All original studies investigating the relationship between smoking and SLE were included in TABALUP. Two investigators systematically extracted data from the relevant studies. When possible, meta-analyses were performed. The meta-analysis of 9 case-controls studies show an increased risk of SLE in current-smokers compared to never-smokers (OR: 1.49 [95%CI: 1.06-2.08]), while former-smokers were not at increased risk of SLE. Data on passive smoking remains scarce and controversial. Pooled analysis studies did not find an over-risk of anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm or anti-SSA positivity according to smoking status. Tobacco smoking significantly reduced the therapeutic effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in cutaneous lesions (pooled OR 0.53; 95%CI: 0.305-0.927) and belimumab in systemic manifestations (HR 0.10; 95% CI 0.02-0.43). In addition to its usual adverse effects, cigarette smoking is a risk factor of SLE and negatively influences the course of the disease and its treatment. We believe that smoking cessation should be one of the main target of physicians treating SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Parisis
- Service de rhumatologie et de médecine physique, CUB Erasme (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlie Bernier
- Service de rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Systémiques Rares Est Sud-Ouest (RESO), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Chasset
- Sorbonne Université, Faculté de médecine sorbonne université, ap-hp, Service de dermatologie et allergologie, Hôpital tenon, F-75020 Paris, france
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Service de rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Systémiques Rares Est Sud-Ouest (RESO), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Speyer CB, Costenbader KH. Cigarette smoking and the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018; 14:481-487. [PMID: 29724134 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2018.1473035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system inflammatory autoimmune disease of incompletely understood etiology. It is thought that environmental exposures 'trigger' or accelerate the disease in genetically-predisposed individuals. Areas covered: Substantial epidemiological evidence exists to support the association between cigarette smoking and the risk of incident SLE. Recent evidence points to current smoking as the specific risk factor, with decreasing risk 5 years after smoking cessation, and the greatest risk for disease characterized by the presence of SLE-specific autoantibodies. Research has begun to search for possible explanations for the temporal nature of the relationship between current smoking and autoantibody positive-SLE. Here we review potential biologic mechanisms linking smoking and SLE risk, including effects upon T and B cells, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and the formation of short-lived DNA adducts. Expert commentary: The directions for future research in this field include studies of gene-environment interactions, epigenetics, metabolomics and putative biologic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron B Speyer
- a Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy , Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Karen H Costenbader
- a Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy , Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston , MA , USA
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Ryu S, Fu W, Petri MA. Associates and predictors of pleurisy or pericarditis in SLE. Lupus Sci Med 2017; 4:e000221. [PMID: 29118999 PMCID: PMC5663266 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2017-000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background/Purpose Serositis is one of both ACR and SLICC classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a common type of extra renal flare. However, little is known about clinical or immunological associations of pleurisy or pericarditis. The aim of this study is to analyze associates and predictors of pleurisy versus pericarditis in Caucasians and African Americans with SLE. Methods 2,390 SLE patients in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort were analyzed for demographic, clinical and serologic associates of pleurisy or pericarditis, defined using the SELENA revision of the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). The cross-sectional and prospective study using either univariate or multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the associates of serositis in SLE. We reported associates with a p-value of less than 0.05 for pleurisy or pericarditis. Results 43% had pleurisy and 22% had pericarditis. African-American ethnicity was a predictive factor for new pericarditis. Hemolytic anemia, proteinuria, lymphadenopathy and anti-Sm were predictive only of pericarditis, whereas pulmonary fibrosis and GI infarction were predictive only of pleurisy. Fever, Raynaud’s syndrome, and anti-DNA were predictors for both pericarditis and pleurisy. Conclusion Our study provides further insights into the associates of pleurisy and pericarditis in SLE. Predictors of pleurisy and pericarditis are shown for the first time. The long term consequences from the cross-sectional analysis gives a lesson that serositis in SLE should not be considered benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Ryu
- Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Fu
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle A Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Kim SK, Lee SS, Choe JY, Park SH, Lee H. Effect of alcohol consumption and smoking on disease damage in systemic lupus erythematosus: data from the Korean Lupus Network (KORNET) registry. Lupus 2017; 26:1540-1549. [PMID: 28478697 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317709346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background We assessed correlations of smoking habits and alcohol consumption with disease activity or damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods A total of 505 patients with SLE were enrolled in the Korean Lupus Network (KORNET) SLE registry from January 2014 to January 2016. Disease activity and organ damage were measured by the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage index, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze associations with cutaneous lesions. Results There were no differences in SLEDAI-2K and SLICC/ACR damage indices according to either smoking status or alcohol consumption. More frequent cutaneous damage was observed in current alcohol drinkers compared with non-current alcohol drinkers ( p = 0.020). Cutaneous damage was significantly associated with alcohol consumption (odds ratio (OR) 4.048, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.251-12.102, p = 0.020). Both low (1-5 glasses/week) and high (≥6 glasses/week) amounts of alcohol consumption had a significant impact on cutaneous damage compared with the absence of current alcohol consumption ( p = 0.033 and p = 0.027, respectively). Pairwise comparison of alcohol consumption and smoking status with cutaneous damage showed that only alcohol consumption was significantly associated with the presence of cutaneous damage, compared with non-current alcohol consumption and non-current smoking (OR 3.513, 95% CI 1.130-10.920, p =0.030). Conclusions Current alcohol consumption, but not smoking, might influence the development of cutaneous damage in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-K Kim
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Arthritis & Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S-S Lee
- 2 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - J-Y Choe
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Arthritis & Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Park
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Arthritis & Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- 1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Arthritis & Autoimmunity Research Center, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Burchiel SW, Lauer FT, MacKenzie D, McClain S, Kuehl PJ, McDonald JD, Harrod KS. Changes in HPBMC markers of immmune function following controlled short-term inhalation exposures of humans to hardwood smoke. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 28:61-70. [PMID: 26895307 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2015.1136714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that complex mixtures containing particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produce systemic immunotoxicity in animal models following inhalation exposures. While we and others have shown that emissions associated with hardwood smoke (HWS), cigarette smoke and diesel exhaust can suppress the immune systems of animals in vitro and in vivo, there have been few immune function studies on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (HPBMC) following exposure of humans to HWS. Our work shows that T cells are an important targets of PM and PAH immunotoxicity. These studies were conducted on HPBMC from 14 human volunteers receiving four 2 h nightly exposures to clean air or HWS at a concentration of 500 ug/m(3). We measured anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulated T-cell proliferation and HPBMC cytokine production in cell supernatants, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), TH1 cytokines γIFN and IL-2, TH2 cytokine IL-4, Th17 cytokine interleukin 17A (IL-17A) and interleukin 10 (IL-10). We analyzed results using analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-tests and Pearson correlation. Results showed that there was significant variation in the amount of T-cell proliferation observed following polyclonal activation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies in both the air and HWS-exposed groups. There was not a significant effect of HWS on T-cell proliferation. However, we did find a strong relationship between the presence of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, but not IL-8) and the amount of T-cell proliferation seen in individual donors, demonstrating that brief exposures of humans to HWS can produce changes in systemic immunity that is associated with proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W Burchiel
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , NM , USA
| | - Fredine T Lauer
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , NM , USA
| | - Debra MacKenzie
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , NM , USA
| | - Shea McClain
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, The University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , NM , USA
| | - Philip J Kuehl
- b Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque , NM , USA , and
| | - Jacob D McDonald
- b Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque , NM , USA , and
| | - Kevin S Harrod
- b Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute , Albuquerque , NM , USA , and.,c Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine , School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
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Carter EE, Barr SG, Clarke AE. The global burden of SLE: prevalence, health disparities and socioeconomic impact. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:605-20. [PMID: 27558659 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that can potentially lead to serious organ complications and even death. Its global burden - in terms of incidence and prevalence, differential impact on populations, economic costs and capacity to compromise health-related quality of life - remains incompletely understood. The reported worldwide incidence and prevalence of SLE vary considerably; this variation is probably attributable to a variety of factors, including ethnic and geographic differences in the populations being studied, the definition of SLE applied, and the methods of case identification. Despite the heterogeneous nature of the disease, distinct patterns of disease presentation, severity and course can often be related to differences in ethnicity, income level, education, health insurance status, level of social support and medication compliance, as well as environmental and occupational factors. Given the potential for the disease to cause such severe and widespread organ damage, not only are the attendant direct costs high, but these costs are sometimes exceeded by indirect costs owing to loss of economic productivity. As an intangible cost, patients with SLE are, not surprisingly, likely to endure considerably reduced health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Carter
- University of Calgary, Richmond Road Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, 1820 Richmond Road S.W., Calgary, Alberta T2T 5C7, Canada
| | - Susan G Barr
- University of Calgary, Richmond Road Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, 1820 Richmond Road S.W., Calgary, Alberta T2T 5C7, Canada
| | - Ann E Clarke
- University of Calgary, Health Research Innovation Centre, 3280 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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Perricone C, Versini M, Ben-Ami D, Gertel S, Watad A, Segel MJ, Ceccarelli F, Conti F, Cantarini L, Bogdanos DP, Antonelli A, Amital H, Valesini G, Shoenfeld Y. Smoke and autoimmunity: The fire behind the disease. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:354-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Xu D, You X, Wang Z, Zeng Q, Xu J, Jiang L, Gong L, Wu F, Gu J, Tao Y, Chen J, Zhao J, Li M, Zhao Y, Zeng X. Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment and Research Group Registry VI: Effect of Cigarette Smoking on the Clinical Phenotype of Chinese Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134451. [PMID: 26280671 PMCID: PMC4539270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the clinical phenotype of patients registered in the Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Treatment and Research (CSTAR) group registry database, the first online registry of Chinese patients with SLE. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study of Chinese SLE patients was conducted using the CSTAR. Our case-control analysis was performed on age- and gender-matched subjects to explore the potential effect of cigarette smoking on the clinical manifestation of SLE. RESULTS Smokers comprised 8.9% (65/730) of patients, and the ratio of females/males was 19/46. Thirty-nine patients were current smokers, and 26 were ex-smokers. Data showed significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers in the following areas: nephropathy (58.5% vs. 39.2%; p = 0.003), microscopic hematuria (30.8% vs. 19.1%; p = 0.025), proteinuria (53.8% vs. 34.4%; p = 0.002), and SLE Disease Activity Index(DAI) scores (12.38±8.95 vs. 9.83±6.81; p = 0.028). After adjusting for age and gender, significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers were found with photosensitivity (35.9% vs. 18%; p = 0.006), nephropathy (59.4% vs. 39.8%; p = 0.011), and proteinuria (54.7% vs. 35.2%). Although smokers tended to have greater disease severity compared with nonsmokers (SLEDAI scores: 12.58±8.89 vs.10.5±7.09), the difference was not significant (p = 0.081). CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking triggers the development and exacerbation of SLE, especially with respect to renal involvement. Chinese smokers with SLE should be advised to discontinue cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education; No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xin You
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education; No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhengang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, NO 1, Dong Jiao Min Xiang, Eastern District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qingyu Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.57 ChangPingLu, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 JiXiLu, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Lindi Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, No.180 FengLinLu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lu Gong
- Department of Rheumatology, the General Hospital of Tianjing Medical University, No.154 AnShanDao, Tianjing, 300052, China
| | - Fengqi Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, No.2 YaBaoLu, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jieruo Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600 TianHeLu, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, No.107 YanJiangXiLu, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jinwei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 RenMinZhongLu, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jiuliang Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education; No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education; No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education; No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education; No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, China
- * E-mail:
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Takvorian SU, Merola JF, Costenbader KH. Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and risk of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2014; 23:537-44. [PMID: 24763538 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313501400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex multisystem autoimmune disease whose pathogenesis is thought to involve both genetic and environmental factors. It is possible that common environmental exposures, such as cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption, might modify risk of disease development in certain individuals. Here we aim to review the epidemiologic evidence related to the association of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and the risk of developing SLE. A growing body of evidence suggests that cigarette smoking confers a short-term increased risk of SLE in genetically susceptible individuals. On the other hand, alcohol consumption in moderate doses may have a protective effect against the development of SLE, although this is still debated. We also have reviewed proposed mechanistic explanations underlying the role of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in SLE pathogenesis.
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Böckle BC, Sepp NT. Smoking is highly associated with discoid lupus erythematosus and lupus erythematosus tumidus: analysis of 405 patients. Lupus 2014; 24:669-74. [PMID: 25411260 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314559630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus (LE). OBJECTIVE To determine the association between cigarette smoking and various types of cutaneous LE. DESIGN Retrospective descriptive study at a dermatology clinic of a tertiary referral hospital. METHODS All patients diagnosed with cutaneous and/or systemic LE from January 2000 to December 2012 at the outpatient clinic for dermatological autoimmune diseases were analyzed. RESULTS 405 patients were diagnosed with LE. Smokers were more common among patients with cutaneous LE, especially those with LE tumidus or discoid LE. The frequency of cigarette smokers was not significantly higher among patients with other LE-specific skin lesions and patients with systemic LE compared to the general population. Smoking at the onset of disease was associated with LE tumidus (odds ratio OR 4.5), discoid LE (OR 2.05), the male gender (OR 3.31), age < 50 years (OR 1.03), and photosensitivity (OR 2.07). LIMITATIONS A retrospective descriptive study at a tertiary referral hospital. CONCLUSION Smoking is highly associated with cutaneous LE, but not systemic LE. Various risk factors appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of cutaneous and systemic LE.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Böckle
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - N T Sepp
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Gustafsson JT, Gunnarsson I, Källberg H, Pettersson S, Zickert A, Vikerfors A, Möller S, Rönnelid J, Elvin K, Svenungsson E. Cigarette smoking, antiphospholipid antibodies and vascular events in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1537-43. [PMID: 24692586 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking can induce autoantibodies in persons who are genetically predisposed to rheumatoid arthritis. We investigated the association between smoking and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a question not previously addressed. Further, we explored the relationship between smoking, aPL and vascular events (arterial and venous, VE). METHODS In this cross-sectional study, clinical evaluation and questionnaire data were collected from 367 prevalent SLE patients. At the same time, we measured aPL (anticardiolipin (aCL), anti-β2 glycoprotein-1 (aβ2GP1) antibodies IgG/IgM/IgA, and lupus anticoagulant (LA)), and a large set of other SLE-associated autoantibodies for comparison. Association analyses using logistic regression models with smoking, (ever, former and current with never as reference) and antibody status as outcome variable were performed. As a secondary outcome, we investigated the associations between aPL, smoking and VE. RESULTS In multivariable-adjusted models ever, and in particular former, cigarette smoking was associated with the most pathogenic aPL; LA, aCL IgG and aβ2GP1 IgG. Other SLE-associated autoantibodies were not associated with smoking. The combination of smoking and aPL was strongly associated with VE. We noted a positive interaction between smoking-LA and smoking-'triple aPL' positivity for previous VE. CONCLUSIONS We investigated a large set of commonly occurring autoantibodies in SLE, but only aPL were positively associated with a history of smoking. This association was especially apparent in former smokers. Among ever regular smokers who were aPL positive, we observed a strikingly high frequency of former VE. The underlying mechanisms and temporality between smoking, aPL and VE need further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna T Gustafsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henrik Källberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Pettersson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Zickert
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Vikerfors
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sonia Möller
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Rönnelid
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory C5, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Elvin
- Unit of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
We recently introduced the concept of the infectome as a means of studying all infectious factors which contribute to the development of autoimmune disease. It forms the infectious part of the exposome, which collates all environmental factors contributing to the development of disease and studies the sum total of burden which leads to the loss of adaptive mechanisms in the body. These studies complement genome-wide association studies, which establish the genetic predisposition to disease. The infectome is a component which spans the whole life and may begin at the earliest stages right up to the time when the first symptoms manifest, and may thus contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmunity at the prodromal/asymptomatic stages. We provide practical examples and research tools as to how we can investigate disease-specific infectomes, using laboratory approaches employed from projects studying the “immunome” and “microbiome”. It is envisioned that an understanding of the infectome and the environmental factors that affect it will allow for earlier patient-specific intervention by clinicians, through the possible treatment of infectious agents as well as other compounding factors, and hence slowing or preventing disease development.
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Young KA, Terrell DR, Guthridge JM, Kamen DL, Gilkeson GS, Karp DR, Ishimori ML, Weisman MH, Holers VM, Harley JB, Norris JM, James JA. Smoking is not associated with autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, unaffected first-degree relatives, nor healthy controls. Lupus 2014; 23:360-9. [PMID: 24449338 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314520838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to examine whether smoking is associated with autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, unaffected first-degree relatives (FDR) of individuals with SLE--a group at increased risk of developing SLE--or unaffected, unrelated controls. METHODS Detailed demographic, environmental, clinical, and therapeutic information was collected by questionnaire on 1242 SLE patients, 981 FDRs, and 946 controls in the Lupus Family Registry and Repository; a blood sample was obtained. All sera were tested for multiple lupus autoantibodies by immunofluorescence and luminex bead-based assays. Generalized estimating equations, adjusting for age, gender, and ethnicity and accounting for correlation within families, were used to assess smoking status with the dichotomous outcome variables of positivity for SLE status, positivity of ANA by immunofluorescence (≥1:120), positivity for ≥1 autoantibody by the luminex assay, and positivity for each of the 11 autoantibodies. RESULTS Current smoking was associated with being positive for ≥1 autoantibody (excluding ANA) (adjusted OR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.04-2.24) in our subjects with SLE. No association was observed in unaffected FDRs or healthy controls. Former smoking was associated with anti-Ro/SS-A60 in our unaffected FDRs. There was an increased association with anti-nRNP A seropositivity, as well as a decreased association with anti-nRNP 68 positivity, in current smokers in SLE subjects. CONCLUSIONS No clear association between smoking status and individual autoantibodies was detected in SLE patients, unaffected FDRs, nor healthy controls within this collection. The association of smoking with SLE may therefore manifest its risk through mechanisms outside of autoantibody production, at least for the specificities tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Young
- 1Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, USA
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Ekblom-Kullberg S, Kautiainen H, Alha P, Leirisalo-Repo M, Miettinen A, Julkunen H. Smoking, disease activity, permanent damage and dsDNA autoantibody production in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2013; 34:341-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-013-2889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Muniz Caldas CA, Freire de Carvalho J. The role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2013; 26:5-11. [PMID: 22424189 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2012.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The immune system must be able to discriminate between self and non-self. However, mechanisms of doing so sometimes fail, causing the activation and clonal expansion of autoreactive lymphocytes and the development of autoimmune conditions. Although some autoimmune diseases have heritable components, these components are not sufficient to develop an autoimmune condition. A variety of environmental factors have been described as possible triggers of autoimmune diseases, including drugs, infectious agents, smoking, vaccination and adjuvants. The aim of this chapter is to review the most common environmental factors associated with autoimmune diseases.
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Liu R, Vaishnav RA, Roberts AM, Friedland RP. Humans have antibodies against a plant virus: evidence from tobacco mosaic virus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60621. [PMID: 23573274 PMCID: PMC3615994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), a widespread plant pathogen, is found in tobacco (including cigarettes and smokeless tobacco) as well as in many other plants. Plant viruses do not replicate or cause infection in humans or other mammals. This study was done to determine whether exposure to tobacco products induces an immune response to TMV in humans. Using a sandwich ELISA assay, we detected serum anti-TMV antibodies (IgG, IgG1, IgG3, IgG4, IgA, and IgM) in all subjects enrolled in the study (20 healthy smokers, 20 smokeless-tobacco users, and 20 non-smokers). Smokers had a higher level of serum anti-TMV IgG antibodies than non-smokers, while the serum level of anti-TMV IgA from smokeless tobacco users was lower than smokers and non-smokers. Using bioinformatics, we also found that the human protein TOMM40L (an outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog--like translocase) contains a strong homology of six contiguous amino acids to the TMV coat protein, and TOMM40L peptide exhibited cross-reactivity with anti-TMV antibodies. People who smoke cigarettes or other tobacco products experience a lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. Our results showing molecular mimicry between TMV and human TOMM40L raise the question as to whether TMV has a potential role in smokers against Parkinson's disease development. The potential mechanisms of molecular mimicry between plant viruses and human disease should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolan Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Radhika A. Vaishnav
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Andrew M. Roberts
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Robert P. Friedland
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
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Bogdanos DP, Smyk DS, Invernizzi P, Rigopoulou EI, Blank M, Pouria S, Shoenfeld Y. Infectome: a platform to trace infectious triggers of autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2012; 12:726-40. [PMID: 23266520 PMCID: PMC7105216 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The "exposome" is a term recently used to describe all environmental factors, both exogenous and endogenous, which we are exposed to in a lifetime. It represents an important tool in the study of autoimmunity, complementing classical immunological research tools and cutting-edge genome wide association studies (GWAS). Recently, environmental wide association studies (EWAS) investigated the effect of environment in the development of diseases. Environmental triggers are largely subdivided into infectious and non-infectious agents. In this review, we introduce the concept of the "infectome", which is the part of the exposome referring to the collection of an individual's exposures to infectious agents. The infectome directly relates to geoepidemiological, serological and molecular evidence of the co-occurrence of several infectious agents associated with autoimmune diseases that may provide hints for the triggering factors responsible for the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. We discuss the implications that the investigation of the infectome may have for the understanding of microbial/host interactions in autoimmune diseases with long, pre-clinical phases. It may also contribute to the concept of the human body as a superorganism where the microbiome is part of the whole organism, as can be seen with mitochondria which existed as microbes prior to becoming organelles in eukaryotic cells of multicellular organisms over time. A similar argument can now be made in regard to normal intestinal flora, living in symbiosis within the host. We also provide practical examples as to how we can characterise and measure the totality of a disease-specific infectome, based on the experimental approaches employed from the "immunome" and "microbiome" projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London School of Medicine at King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill Campus, London, UK.
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Arnson Y, Shoenfeld Y, Amital H. Effects of tobacco smoke on immunity, inflammation and autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2009; 34:J258-65. [PMID: 20042314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2009.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 619] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a central factor in many pathological conditions. Its role in neoplasm, lung and cardiovascular diseases has been well established for years. However it is less acknowledged the cigarette smoking affects both the innate and adoptive immune arms. Cigarette smoke was shown to augment the production of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 GM-CSF and to decrease the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Tobacco smoke via multiple mechanisms leads to elevated IgE concentrations and to the subsequent development of atopic diseases and asthma. Cigarette smoke has also been shown activate in many ways macrophage and dendritic cell activity. While it is better evident how cigarette smoke evokes airway diseases more mechanisms are being revealed linking this social hazard to autoimmune disorders, for instance via the production of antibodies recognizing citrullinated proteins in rheumatoid arthritis or by the elevation of anti-dsDNA titers in systemic lupus erythematosus. The current review underlines the importance of smoking prevention and eradication not only in respiratory disorders but also in autoimmune conditions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Arnson
- Department of Medicine D, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
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Reyes-García MG, García-Tamayo F. A neurotransmitter system that regulates macrophage pro-inflammatory functions. J Neuroimmunol 2009; 216:20-31. [PMID: 19732963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2009] [Revised: 05/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters released through peripheral and autonomic nerves play an important role in the signaling from the cells of the nervous system to lymphocytes, macrophages and other cells of the immune system. Macrophages are related to numerous physiological and pathological inflammatory processes since their cytokines play an important role in the defensive responses against invasive microorganisms, atherosclerosis progress, insulin resistance, behavior deviation, hematopoiesis feedback, degenerative chronic diseases and the stimulation of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal axis. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages is the main target for the modulatory activity of diverse neurotransmitters. In this brief review, we show how some neurotransmitters released by the central or the autonomic nervous systems down-regulate peripheral macrophages' inflammatory functions to balance immune protective mechanisms, although they can also promote the collateral progress of diverse diseases. The possible therapeutic uses of some neurotransmitters and the agonists or antagonist of their respective receptors are included as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Guadalupe Reyes-García
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México DF, Mexico.
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Ritz SA. Air pollution as a potential contributor to the 'epidemic' of autoimmune disease. Med Hypotheses 2009; 74:110-7. [PMID: 19665849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There has been remarkable progress over the past 20 years in pushing forward our understanding of many facets of autoimmune disease. Indeed, knowledge of the genetic basis of autoimmunity and the molecular and cellular pathways involved in its pathogenesis has reached an unprecedented level. Yet this knowledge has not served to prevent autoimmune disease nor to curtail the dramatic rise in its incidence over the same interval. Population-level genetic changes cannot explain this trend; thus, environmental factors are strongly implicated. Among the possible environmental contributors to autoimmune disease, air pollution exposure has received very little attention. Although there is only a small amount of published data directly examining a possible causal relationship between air pollution exposure and autoimmunity, data from related fields suggests that it could facilitate autoimmunity as well. If correct, this hypothesis could prove to have sizeable public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Ritz
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, East Campus - Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
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Jönsen A, Bengtsson AA, Nived O, Truedsson L, Sturfelt G. Gene–environment interactions in the aetiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 2009; 40:613-7. [DOI: 10.1080/08916930701511051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Piao WH, Campagnolo D, Dayao C, Lukas RJ, Wu J, Shi FD. Nicotine and inflammatory neurological disorders. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2009; 30:715-22. [PMID: 19448649 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2009.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a major health risk factor which significantly increases the incidence of diseases including lung cancer and respiratory infections. However, there is increasing evidence that smokers have a lower incidence of some inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Nicotine is the main immunosuppressive constituent of cigarette smoke, which inhibits both the innate and adaptive immune responses. Unlike cigarette smoke, nicotine is not yet considered to be a carcinogen and may, in fact, have therapeutic potential as a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agent. This review provides a synopsis summarizing the effects of nicotine on the immune system and its (nicotine) influences on various neurological diseases.
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Shi FD, Piao WH, Kuo YP, Campagnolo DI, Vollmer TL, Lukas RJ. Nicotinic attenuation of central nervous system inflammation and autoimmunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:1730-9. [PMID: 19155522 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.3.1730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by neurons, microglia, and astrocytes suggests possibly diverse mechanisms by which natural nicotinic cholinergic signaling and exposure to nicotine could modulate immune responses within the CNS. In this study, we show that nicotine exposure significantly delays and attenuates inflammatory and autoimmune responses to myelin Ags in the mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model. In the periphery, nicotine exposure inhibits the proliferation of autoreactive T cells and alters the cytokine profile of helper T cells. In the CNS, nicotine exposure selectively reduces numbers of CD11c(+) dendritic and CD11b(+) infiltrating monocytes and resident microglial cells and down-regulates the expression of MHC class II, CD80, and CD86 molecules on these cells. The results underscore roles of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotinic cholinergic signaling in inflammatory and immune responses and suggest novel therapeutic options for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, including those that affect the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Dong Shi
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
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Tobacco smoking and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 3:707-15. [DOI: 10.1038/ncprheum0655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Majka DS, Holers VM. Cigarette smoking and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65:561-3. [PMID: 16611864 PMCID: PMC1798134 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2005.046052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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