1
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Meger J, Ulaszewski B, Chmura DJ, Burczyk J. Signatures of local adaptation to current and future climate in phenology-related genes in natural populations of Quercus robur. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:78. [PMID: 38243199 PMCID: PMC10797717 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local adaptation is a key evolutionary process that enhances the growth of plants in their native habitat compared to non-native habitats, resulting in patterns of adaptive genetic variation across the entire geographic range of the species. The study of population adaptation to local environments and predicting their response to future climate change is important because of climate change. RESULTS Here, we explored the genetic diversity of candidate genes associated with bud burst in pedunculate oak individuals sampled from 6 populations in Poland. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diversity was assessed in 720 candidate genes using the sequence capture technique, yielding 18,799 SNPs. Using landscape genomic approaches, we identified 8 FST outliers and 781 unique SNPs in 389 genes associated with geography, climate, and phenotypic variables (individual/family spring and autumn phenology, family diameter at breast height (DBH), height, and survival) that are potentially involved in local adaptation. Then, using a nonlinear multivariate model, Gradient Forests, we identified vulnerable areas of the pedunculate oak distribution in Poland that are at risk from climate change. CONCLUSIONS The model revealed that pedunculate oak populations in the eastern part of the analyzed geographical region are the most sensitive to climate change. Our results might offer an initial evaluation of a potential management strategy for preserving the genetic diversity of pedunculate oak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Meger
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, 85-064, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Ulaszewski
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, 85-064, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daniel J Chmura
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Jarosław Burczyk
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, 85-064, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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2
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Perea-Brenes A, Garcia JL, Cantos M, Cotrino J, Gonzalez-Elipe AR, Gomez-Ramirez A, Lopez-Santos C. Germination and First Stages of Growth in Drought, Salinity, and Cold Stress Conditions of Plasma-Treated Barley Seeds. ACS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 3:760-770. [PMID: 37766795 PMCID: PMC10520973 DOI: 10.1021/acsagscitech.3c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Numerous works have demonstrated that cold plasma treatments constitute an effective procedure to accelerate seed germination under nonstress conditions. Evidence also exists about a positive effect of plasmas for germination under environmental stress conditions. For barley seeds, this work studies the influence of cold plasma treatments on the germination rate and initial stages of plant growth in common stress environments, such as drought, salinity, and low-temperature conditions. As a general result, it has been found that the germination rate was higher for plasma-treated than for untreated seeds. Plasma also induced favorable changes in plant and radicle dimensions, which depended on the environment. The obtained results demonstrate that plasma affects the biochemical metabolic chains of seeds and plants, resulting in changes in the concentration of biochemical growing factors, a faster germination, and an initially more robust plant growth, even under stress conditions. These changes in phenotype are accompanied by differences in the concentration of biomarkers such as photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids), reactive oxygen species, and, particularly, the amino acid proline in the leaves of young plants, with changes that depend on environmental conditions and the application of a plasma treatment. This supports the idea that, rather than an increase in seed water imbibition capacity, there are clear beneficial effects on seedling of plasma treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Perea-Brenes
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Garcia
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Manuel Cantos
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Jose Cotrino
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Departamento
de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Agustín R. Gonzalez-Elipe
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Ana Gomez-Ramirez
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Departamento
de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - Carmen Lopez-Santos
- Nanotechnology
on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science
of Seville, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada I, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41011, Spain
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3
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Wang WB, He XF, Yan XM, Ma B, Lu CF, Wu J, Zheng Y, Wang WH, Xue WB, Tian XC, Guo JF, El-Kassaby YA, Porth I, Leng PS, Hu ZH, Mao JF. Chromosome-scale genome assembly and insights into the metabolome and gene regulation of leaf color transition in an important oak species, Quercus dentata. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2016-2032. [PMID: 36792969 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Quercus dentata Thunb., a dominant forest tree species in northern China, has significant ecological and ornamental value due to its adaptability and beautiful autumn coloration, with color changes from green to yellow into red resulting from the autumnal shifts in leaf pigmentation. However, the key genes and molecular regulatory mechanisms for leaf color transition remain to be investigated. First, we presented a high-quality chromosome-scale assembly for Q. dentata. This 893.54 Mb sized genome (contig N50 = 4.21 Mb, scaffold N50 = 75.55 Mb; 2n = 24) harbors 31 584 protein-coding genes. Second, our metabolome analyses uncovered pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside as the main pigments involved in leaf color transition. Third, gene co-expression further identified the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcription activation complex as central to anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation. Notably, transcription factor (TF) QdNAC (QD08G038820) was highly co-expressed with this MBW complex and may regulate anthocyanin accumulation and chlorophyll degradation during leaf senescence through direct interaction with another TF, QdMYB (QD01G020890), as revealed by our further protein-protein and DNA-protein interaction assays. Our high-quality genome assembly, metabolome, and transcriptome resources further enrich Quercus genomics and will facilitate upcoming exploration of ornamental values and environmental adaptability in this important genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiang-Feng He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xue-Mei Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Cun-Fu Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wen-He Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wen-Bo Xue
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Xue-Chan Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing-Fang Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yousry A El-Kassaby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ilga Porth
- Départment des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt, Faculté de Foresterie, de Géographie et Géomatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ping-Sheng Leng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zeng-Hui Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Engineering Research Center for Ancient Tree Health and Ancient Tree Culture of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jian-Feng Mao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
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4
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Solé-Medina A, Robledo-Arnuncio JJ, Ramírez-Valiente JA. Multi-trait genetic variation in resource-use strategies and phenotypic plasticity correlates with local climate across the range of a Mediterranean oak (Quercus faginea). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:462-478. [PMID: 35028942 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Resource-use strategies are hypothesized to evolve along climatic gradients. However, our understanding of the environmental factors driving divergent evolution of resource-use strategies and the relationship between trait genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity is far from complete. Using the Mediterranean tree Quercus faginea as study system, we tested the hypothesis that a conservative resource-use strategy with increased drought tolerance and reduced phenotypic plasticity has evolved in areas with longer and more severe dry seasons. We conducted a glasshouse experiment in which we measured leaf morphological, physiological, growth and allocation traits in seedlings from 10 range-wide climatically contrasting populations, grown under two different watering treatments. Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a genetic gradient of resource-use strategies and phenotypic plasticity associated with provenance climate. In particular, populations from harsher (drier and colder) environments had more sclerophyllous leaves, lower growth rates, better physiological performance under dry conditions and reduced multi-trait phenotypic plasticity compared to populations from more mesic and milder environments. Our results suggest that contrasting precipitation and temperature regimes play an important role in the adaptive intraspecific evolution of multivariate phenotypes and their plasticity, resulting in coordinated morphology, physiology, growth and allometry according to alternative resource-use strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Solé-Medina
- Department of Forest Ecology & Genetics, Forest Research Centre (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña km 7.5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/ Tulipán s/n, Móstoles, 28933, Spain
| | - Juan José Robledo-Arnuncio
- Department of Forest Ecology & Genetics, Forest Research Centre (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña km 7.5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - José Alberto Ramírez-Valiente
- Department of Forest Ecology & Genetics, Forest Research Centre (INIA, CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña km 7.5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- Ecological and Forestry Applications Research Centre, CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB) 10 Edifici C, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Spain
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5
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Kitao M, Harayama H, Yazaki K, Tobita H, Agathokleous E, Furuya N, Hashimoto T. Photosynthetic and Growth Responses in a Pioneer Tree (Japanese White Birch) and Competitive Perennial Weeds ( Eupatorium sp.) Grown Under Different Regimes With Limited Water Supply to Waterlogging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:835068. [PMID: 35356127 PMCID: PMC8959217 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.835068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For a successful natural regeneration of Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica), competitive vegetation should be managed. Here, we clarified how soil water condition modifies the competitiveness of Japanese white birch against perennial weeds, Eupatorium species, based on an ecophysiological approach combining a glasshouse experiment and a field survey. We investigated photosynthetic and growth responses to various water regimes from water deficit to waterlogging (two times-a-week irrigation, three times-a-week irrigation, half waterlogging, and full waterlogging) in pot-grown seedlings of Japanese white birch and the competitive weed Eupatorium makinoi. The ratio of seedling height of Japanese white birch to seedling height of E. makinoi showed a decreasing trend from two times-a-week irrigation to full waterlogging, which suggests a lower competitiveness for light resource in Japanese white birch with increasing soil wetness. The maximum rate of Rubisco carboxylation (Vc,max) based on unit N was lower in waterlogging treatments than in two times- and three times-a-week irrigation in Japanese white birch, whereas E. makinoi showed the opposite response. This suggests that N partitioning into Rubisco and/or Rubisco activation might be suppressed in Japanese white birch but enhanced in E. makinoi under waterlogging. The maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) was also lower in seedlings of Japanese white birch grown under waterlogging treatments. We further conducted a field survey on the relationship between Fv/Fm and topographic wetness index (TWI) in seedlings of Japanese white birch and E. glehnii (closely related to E. makinoi) naturally grown in a study site 5 years after canopy tree cutting. Lower Fv/Fm was observed in seedlings of Japanese white birch with increasing TWI, whereas no significant trend was observed in E. glehnii, in agreement with the glasshouse experiment. Thus, keeping soils not always humid might be favorable to photosynthetic performance and growth competitive ability of Japanese white birch against Eupatorium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutoshi Kitao
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisanori Harayama
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yazaki
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tobita
- Department of Plant Ecology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, China
| | - Naoyuki Furuya
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Hashimoto
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Japan
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6
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Encinas-Valero M, Esteban R, Hereş AM, Becerril JM, García-Plazaola JI, Artexe U, Vivas M, Solla A, Moreno G, Curiel Yuste J. Photoprotective compounds as early markers to predict holm oak crown defoliation in declining Mediterranean savannahs. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:208-224. [PMID: 33611551 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dehesas, human-shaped savannah-like ecosystems, where the overstorey is mainly dominated by the evergreen holm oak (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.), are classified as a global conservation priority. Despite being Q. ilex a species adapted to the harsh Mediterranean environmental conditions, recent decades have witnessed worrisome trends of climate-change-induced holm oak mortality. Holm oak decline is evidenced by tree vigour loss, gradual defoliation and ultimately, death. However, before losing leaves, trees undergo leaf-level physiological adjustments in response to stress that may represent a promising field to develop biochemical early markers of holm oak decline. This study explored holm oak photoprotective responses (pigments, tocopherols and photosynthetic performance) in 144 mature holm oak trees with different health statuses (i.e., crown defoliation percentages) from healthy to first-stage declining individuals. Our results indicate differential photochemical performance and photoprotective compounds concentration depending on the trees' health status. Declining trees showed higher energy dissipation yield, lower photochemical efficiency and enhanced photoprotective compounds. In the case of total violaxanthin cycle pigments (VAZ) and tocopherols, shifts in leaf contents were significant at very early stages of crown defoliation, even before visual symptoms of decline were evident, supporting the value of these biochemical compounds as early stress markers. Linear mixed-effects models results showed an acute response, both in the photosynthesis performance index and in the concentration of foliar tocopherols, during the onset of tree decline, whereas VAZ showed a more gradual response along the defoliation gradient of the crown. These results collectively demonstrate that once a certain threshold of leaf physiological damage is surpassed, that leaf cannot counteract oxidative stress and progressive loss of leaves occurs. Therefore, the use of both photosynthesis performance indexes and the leaf tocopherols concentration as early diagnostic tools might predict declining trends, facilitating the implementation of preventive measures to counteract crown defoliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Encinas-Valero
- BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Raquel Esteban
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ana-Maria Hereş
- BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- Department of Forest Sciences, Transilvania University of Braşov, Sirul Beethoven-1, 500123 Braşov, Romania
| | - José María Becerril
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José Ignacio García-Plazaola
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Unai Artexe
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - María Vivas
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), University of Extremadura, Avenida Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Solla
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), University of Extremadura, Avenida Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia, Spain
| | - Gerardo Moreno
- Faculty of Forestry, Institute for Dehesa Research (INDEHESA), University of Extremadura, Avenida Virgen del Puerto 2, 10600 Plasencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Curiel Yuste
- BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for SciencePlaza Euskadi 548009 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
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7
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Cavender-Bares J, Logan B. Novel insights on the linkage between enhanced photoprotection and oak decline. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:203-207. [PMID: 34865175 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Barry Logan
- Department of Biology, Bowdoin College, 6500 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
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8
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Hughes NM, George CO, Gumpman CB, Neufeld HS. Coevolution and photoprotection as complementary hypotheses for autumn leaf reddening: a nutrient-centered perspective. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:22-29. [PMID: 34738236 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Hughes
- Department of Biology, High Point University, 1 N University Pkwy, High Point, NC, 27268, USA
| | - Christian O George
- Department of Biology, High Point University, 1 N University Pkwy, High Point, NC, 27268, USA
| | - Corinne B Gumpman
- Department of Biology, High Point University, 1 N University Pkwy, High Point, NC, 27268, USA
| | - Howard S Neufeld
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, 287 Rivers St.,, Boone, NC, 28608, USA
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9
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Cordero I, Jiménez MD, Delgado JA, Balaguer L, Pueyo JJ, Rincón A. Local adaptation optimizes photoprotection strategies in a Neotropical legume tree under drought stress. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:1641-1657. [PMID: 33611539 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photoprotection is a plant functional mechanism to prevent photooxidative damage by excess light. This is most important when carbon assimilation is limited by drought, and as such, it entails a trade-off between carbon assimilation vs stress avoidance. The ecological adaptation of plants to local water availability can lead to different photoprotective strategies. To test this, we used different provenances of Caesalpinia spinosa (Mol.) Kuntze (commonly known as 'tara') along a precipitation gradient. Tara is a Neotropical legume tree with high ecological and commercial value, found in dry tropical forests, which are increasingly threatened by climate change. Morphological and physiological responses of tara provenances were analysed under three different treatments of drought and leaflet immobilization, i.e., light stress, in a common garden greenhouse experiment. Tara quickly responded to drought by reducing stomatal conductance, evapotranspiration, photochemical efficiency, carbon assimilation and growth, while increasing structural and chemical photoprotection (leaflet angle and pigments for thermal dissipation). Leaflet closure was an efficient photoprotection strategy with overall physiological benefits for seedlings as it diminished the evaporative demand and avoided photodamage, but also entailed costs by reducing net carbon assimilation opportunities. These responses depended on seed origin, with seedlings from the most xeric locations showing the highest dehydration tolerance, suggesting local adaptation and highlighting the value of different strategies under distinct environments. This plasticity in its response to environmental stress allows tara to thrive in locations with contrasting water availability. Our findings increase the understanding of the factors controlling the functional ecology of tara in response to drought, which can be leveraged to improve forecasts of changes in its distribution range, and for planning restoration projects with this keystone tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Cordero
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Environmental Quality, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (ICA-CSIC), Serrano 115-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Plant Biology I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, José Antonio Nováis 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - María Dolores Jiménez
- Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, José Antonio Nováis 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Delgado
- Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, José Antonio Nováis 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Balaguer
- Department of Plant Biology I, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, José Antonio Nováis 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Pueyo
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Environmental Quality, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (ICA-CSIC), Serrano 115-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Rincón
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Environmental Quality, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Spanish National Research Council (ICA-CSIC), Serrano 115-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Molecular Research on Stress Responses in Quercus spp.: From Classical Biochemistry to Systems Biology through Omics Analysis. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Quercus (oak), family Fagaceae, comprises around 500 species, being one of the most important and dominant woody angiosperms in the Northern Hemisphere. Nowadays, it is threatened by environmental cues, which are either of biotic or abiotic origin. This causes tree decline, dieback, and deforestation, which can worsen in a climate change scenario. In the 21st century, biotechnology should take a pivotal role in facing this problem and proposing sustainable management and conservation strategies for forests. As a non-domesticated, long-lived species, the only plausible approach for tree breeding is exploiting the natural diversity present in this species and the selection of elite, more resilient genotypes, based on molecular markers. In this direction, it is important to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the tolerance or resistance to stresses, and the identification of genes, gene products, and metabolites related to this phenotype. This research is being performed by using classical biochemistry or the most recent omics (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) approaches, which should be integrated with other physiological and morphological techniques in the Systems Biology direction. This review is focused on the current state-of-the-art of such approaches for describing and integrating the latest knowledge on biotic and abiotic stress responses in Quercus spp., with special reference to Quercus ilex, the system on which the authors have been working for the last 15 years. While biotic stress factors mainly include fungi and insects such as Phytophthora cinnamomi, Cerambyx welensii, and Operophtera brumata, abiotic stress factors include salinity, drought, waterlogging, soil pollutants, cold, heat, carbon dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet radiation. The review is structured following the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology and the omic cascade, from DNA (genomics, epigenomics, and DNA-based markers) to metabolites (metabolomics), through mRNA (transcriptomics) and proteins (proteomics). An integrated view of the different approaches, challenges, and future directions is critically discussed.
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11
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Ramírez-Valiente JA, López R, Hipp AL, Aranda I. Correlated evolution of morphology, gas exchange, growth rates and hydraulics as a response to precipitation and temperature regimes in oaks (Quercus). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:794-809. [PMID: 31733106 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is hypothesised that tree distributions in Europe are largely limited by their ability to cope with the summer drought imposed by the Mediterranean climate in the southern areas and by their competitive potential in central regions with more mesic conditions. We investigated the extent to which leaf and plant morphology, gas exchange, leaf and stem hydraulics and growth rates have evolved in a coordinated way in oaks (Quercus) as a result of adaptation to contrasting environmental conditions in this region. We implemented an experiment in which seedlings of 12 European/North African oaks were grown under two watering treatments, a well-watered treatment and a drought treatment in which plants were subjected to three cycles of drought. Consistent with our hypothesis, species from drier summers had traits conferring more tolerance to drought such as small sclerophyllous leaves and lower percent loss of hydraulic conductivity. However, these species did not have lower growth rates as expected by a trade-off with drought tolerance. Overall, our results revealed that climate is an important driver of functional strategies in oaks and that traits have evolved along two coordinated functional axes to adapt to different precipitation and temperature regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alberto Ramírez-Valiente
- Centro de Investigación Forestal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Rosana López
- Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Andrew L Hipp
- The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, 60532-1293, USA
- The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Ismael Aranda
- Centro de Investigación Forestal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Carretera de La Coruña Km 7.5, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agroambientales y de Economía del Agua (INAGEA), Carretera de Valldemossa, Palma de Mallorca, 07122, Spain
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Münzbergová Z, Kosová V, Schnáblová R, Rokaya M, Synková H, Haisel D, Wilhelmová N, Dostálek T. Plant Origin, but Not Phylogeny, Drive Species Ecophysiological Response to Projected Climate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:400. [PMID: 32318088 PMCID: PMC7154175 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the relationship between environmental conditions and species traits is an important prerequisite for understanding determinants of community composition and predicting species response to novel climatic conditions. Despite increasing number of studies on this topic, our knowledge on importance of genetic differentiation, plasticity and their interactions along larger sets of species is still limited especially for traits related to plant ecophysiology. We studied variation in traits related to growth, leaf chemistry, contents of photosynthetic pigments and activity of antioxidative enzymes, stomata morphology and photosynthetic activity across eight Impatiens species growing along altitudinal gradients in Himalayas cultivated in three different temperature regimes and explored effects of among species phylogenetic relationships on the results. Original and target climatic conditions determine trait values in our system. The traits are either highly plastic (e.g., APX, CAT, plant size, neoxanthin, β-carotene, chlorophyll a/b, DEPSC) or are highly differentiated among populations (stomata density, lutein production). Many traits show strong among population differentiation in degree of plasticity and direction in response to environmental changes. Most traits indicate that the species will profit from the expected warming. This suggests that different processes determine the values of the different traits and separating the importance of genetic differentiation and plasticity is crucial for our ability to predict species response to future climate changes. The results also indicate that evolution of the traits is not phylogenetically constrained but including phylogenetic information into the analysis may improve our understanding of the trait-environment relationships as was apparent from the analysis of SLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Münzbergová
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Veronika Kosová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Renáta Schnáblová
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Maan Rokaya
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Helena Synková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Daniel Haisel
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Nada Wilhelmová
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Dostálek
- Department of Population Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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13
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O'Donnell L, Pickles BJ, Campbell CM, Moulton LL, Hauwert NM, Gorzelak MA. Native tree and shrub canopy facilitates oak seedling regeneration in semiarid woodland. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa O'Donnell
- City of Austin Balcones Canyonlands Preserve 3621 Ranch Road 620 South Austin Texas 78738 USA
| | - Brian J. Pickles
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Harborne Building, Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AS UK
| | - Cristina M. Campbell
- City of Austin Balcones Canyonlands Preserve 3621 Ranch Road 620 South Austin Texas 78738 USA
| | - Laurel L. Moulton
- City of Austin Balcones Canyonlands Preserve 3621 Ranch Road 620 South Austin Texas 78738 USA
| | - Nico M. Hauwert
- City of Austin Balcones Canyonlands Preserve 3621 Ranch Road 620 South Austin Texas 78738 USA
| | - Monika A. Gorzelak
- School of Biological Sciences University of Reading Harborne Building, Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AS UK
- Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada Lethbridge Development and Research Centre 5403‐1 Avenue South Lethbridge Alberta T1J 4B1 Canada
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14
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Bilska K, Wojciechowska N, Alipour S, Kalemba EM. Ascorbic Acid-The Little-Known Antioxidant in Woody Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E645. [PMID: 31847411 PMCID: PMC6943661 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly produced by metabolically active plant cells. The concentration of ROS may determine their role, e.g., they may participate in signal transduction or cause oxidative damage to various cellular components. To ensure cellular homeostasis and minimize the negative effects of excess ROS, plant cells have evolved a complex antioxidant system, which includes ascorbic acid (AsA). AsA is a multifunctional metabolite with strong reducing properties that allows the neutralization of ROS and the reduction of molecules oxidized by ROS in cooperation with glutathione in the Foyer-Halliwell-Asada cycle. Antioxidant enzymes involved in AsA oxidation and reduction switches evolved uniquely in plants. Most experiments concerning the role of AsA have been performed on herbaceous plants. In addition to extending our understanding of this role in additional taxa, fundamental knowledge of the complex life cycle stages of woody plants, including their development and response to environmental factors, will enhance their breeding and amend their protection. Thus, the role of AsA in woody plants compared to that in nonwoody plants is the focus of this paper. The role of AsA in woody plants has been studied for nearly 20 years. Studies have demonstrated that AsA is important for the growth and development of woody plants. Substantial changes in AsA levels, as well as reduction and oxidation switches, have been reported in various physiological processes and transitions described mainly in leaves, fruits, buds, and seeds. Evidently, AsA exhibits a dual role in the photoprotection of the photosynthetic apparatus in woody plants, which are the most important scavengers of ozone. AsA is associated with proper seed production and, thus, woody plant reproduction. Similarly, an important function of AsA is described under drought, salinity, temperature, light stress, and biotic stress. This report emphasizes the involvement of AsA in the ecological advantages, such as nutrition recycling due to leaf senescence, of trees and shrubs compared to nonwoody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bilska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (K.B.); (N.W.); (S.A.)
| | - Natalia Wojciechowska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (K.B.); (N.W.); (S.A.)
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Shirin Alipour
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (K.B.); (N.W.); (S.A.)
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ewa Marzena Kalemba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland; (K.B.); (N.W.); (S.A.)
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15
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Improved Mapping of Mountain Shrublands Using the Sentinel-2 Red-Edge Band. REMOTE SENSING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/rs11232807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Shrub encroachment into grassland and rocky habitats is a noticeable land cover change currently underway in temperate mountains and is a matter of concern for the sustainable management of mountain biodiversity. Current land cover products tend to underestimate the extent of mountain shrublands dominated by Ericaceae (Vaccinium spp. (species) and Rhododendron ferrugineum). In addition, mountain shrubs are often confounded with grasslands. Here, we examined the potential of anthocyanin-responsive vegetation indices to provide more accurate maps of mountain shrublands in a mountain range located in the French Alps. We relied on the multi-spectral instrument onboard the Sentinel-2A and 2B satellites and the availability of red-edge bands to calculate a Normalized Anthocyanin Reflectance Index (NARI). We used this index to quantify the autumn accumulation of anthocyanin in canopies dominated by Vaccinium spp. and Rhododendron ferrugineum and compared the effectiveness of NARI to Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a basis for shrubland mapping. Photointerpretation of high-resolution aerial imagery, intensive field campaigns, and floristic surveys provided complementary data to calibrate and evaluate model performance. The proposed NARI-based model performed better than the NDVI-based model with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92 against 0.58. Validation of shrub cover maps based on NARI resulted in a Kappa coefficient of 0.67, which outperformed existing land cover products and resulted in a ten-fold increase in estimated area occupied by Ericaceae-dominated shrublands. We conclude that the Sentinel-2 red-edge band provides novel opportunities to detect seasonal anthocyanin accumulation in plant canopies and discuss the potential of our method to quantify long-term dynamics of shrublands in alpine and arctic contexts.
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Thyroff EC, Burney OT, Mickelbart MV, Jacobs DF. Unraveling Shade Tolerance and Plasticity of Semi-Evergreen Oaks: Insights From Maritime Forest Live Oak Restoration. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1526. [PMID: 31824542 PMCID: PMC6879670 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quercus spp. (oaks) are generally intermediate in shade tolerance, yet there is large variation within the genus in shade tolerance and plasticity in response to varying resource availability. Ecophysiological knowledge specific to semi-evergreen Quercus spp. from subtropical maritime forests is lacking relative to temperate deciduous oaks. We studied the influence of light availability and plant competition on leaf physiology and performance of semi-evergreen Quercus virginiana on a barrier island along the US southern Atlantic coast. Seedlings were underplanted in pine (Pinus taeda) plantation stands with varying overstory density (clear-cut, heavy thin, light thin, and non-thinned; creating a gradient of understory light availability) and vegetation (no competition removal or herbaceous competition removal) treatments. After 2 years, seedling survival was higher with increasing light availability (clear-cut = heavy thin > light thin > non-thinned). Seedling growth (i.e., diameter, height, and crown width) increased similarly with increasing thinning intensity, while vegetation control was mainly beneficial to seedling growth in clear-cuts. These responses were partially explained by foliar nitrogen and leaf trait measurements, which followed the same pattern. Q. virginiana seedlings demonstrated high plasticity in their ability to acclimate to varying resource availability, as indicated by light response curves, specific leaf area, stomatal density, stomatal pore index, and maximum theoretical stomatal conductance. Light compensation and saturation points illustrated seedling capacity to increase net CO2 assimilation with increased light availability. Leaves on trees in the high light environment had the highest net CO2 assimilation, stomatal density, stomatal pore index, maximum theoretical stomatal conductance, and lowest specific leaf area. Although we demonstrated the relative shade tolerance of Q. virginiana in lower light environments (i.e., heavy and light thin plots), this semi-evergreen species shows high plasticity in capacity to respond to varying resource availability, similar to other Quercus spp. from mesic and Mediterranean environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C. Thyroff
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Owen T. Burney
- John T. Harrington Forestry Research Center, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Michael V. Mickelbart
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Douglass F. Jacobs
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Junker-Frohn LV, Kleiber A, Jansen K, Gessler A, Kreuzwieser J, Ensminger I. Differences in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways between coastal and interior Douglas-fir seedlings in response to drought. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:1750-1766. [PMID: 31287896 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved energy dissipation pathways to reduce photooxidative damage under drought when photosynthesis is hampered. Non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids are involved in non-photochemical quenching of excess light energy and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. A better understanding of trees' ability to cope with and withstand drought stress will contribute to mitigate the negative effects of prolonged drought periods expected under future climate conditions. Therefore we investigated if Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirb.)) provenances from habitats with contrasting water availability reveal intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways. In a controlled drought experiment with 1-year-old seedlings of an interior and a coastal Douglas-fir provenance, we assessed the photosynthetic capacity, pool sizes of non-volatile isoprenoids associated with the photosynthetic apparatus, as well as pool sizes and emission of volatile isoprenoids. We observed variation in the amount and composition of non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids among provenances, which could be linked to variation in photosynthetic capacity under drought. The coastal provenance exhibited an enhanced biosynthesis and emission of volatile isoprenoids, which is likely sustained by generally higher assimilation rates under drought. In contrast, the interior provenance showed an enhanced photoprotection of the photosynthetic apparatus by generally higher amounts of non-volatile isoprenoids and increased amounts of xanthophyll cycle pigments under drought. Our results demonstrate that there is intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways among Douglas-fir provenances, which may be important traits when selecting provenances suitable to grow under future climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Verena Junker-Frohn
- Department of Biology, Graduate Programs in Cell & Systems Biology and Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON, Canada
- Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Wonnhaldestr. 4, 79100 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anita Kleiber
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Jansen
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Arthur Gessler
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstr. 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Kreuzwieser
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Ensminger
- Department of Biology, Graduate Programs in Cell & Systems Biology and Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON, Canada
- Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Wonnhaldestr. 4, 79100 Freiburg, Germany
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Müller M, Gailing O. Abiotic genetic adaptation in the Fagaceae. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21:783-795. [PMID: 31081234 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fagaceae can be found in tropical and temperate regions and contain species of major ecological and economic importance. In times of global climate change, tree populations need to adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions. The predicted warmer and drier conditions will potentially result in locally maladapted populations. There is evidence that major genera of the Fagaceae are already negatively affected by climate change-related factors such as drought and associated biotic stressors. Therefore, knowledge of the mechanisms underlying adaptation is of great interest. In this review, we summarise current literature related to genetic adaptation to abiotic environmental conditions. We begin with an overview of genetic diversity in Fagaceae species and then summarise current knowledge related to drought stress tolerance, bud burst timing and frost tolerance in the Fagaceae. Finally, we discuss the role of hybridisation, epigenetics and phenotypic plasticity in adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Müller
- Faculty for Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - O Gailing
- Faculty for Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Yan Y, Liu Q, Zhang Q, Ding Y, Li Y. Adaptation of Dominant Species to Drought in the Inner Mongolia Grassland - Species Level and Functional Type Level Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:231. [PMID: 31040855 PMCID: PMC6477032 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The adaptation of plants to drought through the adjustment of their leaf functional traits is a hot topic in plant ecology. However, while there is a good understanding of how individual species adapt to drought in this way, the way in which different functional types adapt to drought along a precipitation gradient remains poorly understood. In this study, we sampled 22 sites along a precipitation gradient in the Inner Mongolia grassland and measured eight leaf functional traits across 39 dominant species to determine the adaptive strategies of plant leaves to drought at the species and plant functional type levels. We found that leaf functional traits were mainly influenced by both aridity and phylogeny at the species level. There were four types of leaf adaptations to drought at the functional type level: adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the specific leaf area, the nitrogen content, and the specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content simultaneously. These findings indicate that there is the trade-offs relationship between water and nitrogen acquisition as the level of drought increases, which is consistent with the worldwide leaf economics spectrum. In this study, we highlighted that the leaf economic spectrum can be adopted to reveal the adaptations of plants to drought in the Inner Mongolia grassland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qingfu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World, BIOCHANGE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Qing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuanheng Li
- Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
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Ramírez-Valiente JA, Etterson JR, Deacon NJ, Cavender-Bares J. Evolutionary potential varies across populations and traits in the neotropical oak Quercus oleoides. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:427-439. [PMID: 30321394 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpy108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heritable variation in polygenic (quantitative) traits is critical for adaptive evolution and is especially important in this era of rapid climate change. In this study, we examined the levels of quantitative genetic variation of populations of the tropical tree Quercus oleoides Cham. and Schlect. for a suite of traits related to resource use and drought resistance. We tested whether quantitative genetic variation differed across traits, populations and watering treatments. We also tested potential evolutionary factors that might have shaped such a pattern: selection by climate and genetic drift. We measured 15 functional traits on 1322 1-year-old seedlings of 84 maternal half-sib families originating from five populations growing under two watering treatments in a greenhouse. We estimated the additive genetic variance, coefficient of additive genetic variation and narrow-sense heritability for each combination of traits, populations and treatments. In addition, we genotyped a total of 119 individuals (with at least 20 individuals per population) using nuclear microsatellites to estimate genetic diversity and population genetic structure. Our results showed that gas exchange traits and growth exhibited strikingly high quantitative genetic variation compared with traits related to leaf morphology, anatomy and photochemistry. Quantitative genetic variation differed between populations even at geographical scales as small as a few kilometers. Climate was associated with quantitative genetic variation, but only weakly. Genetic structure and diversity in neutral markers did not relate to coefficient of additive genetic variation. Our study demonstrates that quantitative genetic variation is not homogeneous across traits and populations of Q. oleoides. More importantly, our findings suggest that predictions about potential responses of species to climate change need to consider population-specific evolutionary characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Ramírez-Valiente
- Department of Forest Ecology and Genetics, INIA-CIFOR, Ctra. de la Coruna km 7.5, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie R Etterson
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota-Duluth, 1049 University Drive, Duluth, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas J Deacon
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, USA
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Cavender-Bares J. Diversification, adaptation, and community assembly of the American oaks (Quercus), a model clade for integrating ecology and evolution. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:669-692. [PMID: 30368821 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 669 I. Model clades for the study and integration of ecology and evolution 670 II. Oaks: an important model clade 671 III. Insights from the history of the American oaks for understanding community assembly and ecosystem dominance 673 IV. Bridging the gap between micro- and macroevolutionary processes relevant to ecology 679 V. How do we reconcile evidence for adaptive evolution with niche conservatism and long-term stasis? 682 VI. High plasticity and within-population genetic variation contribute to population persistence 683 VII. Emerging technologies for tracking functional change 685 VIII. Conclusions 685 Acknowledgements 686 References 686 SUMMARY: Ecologists and evolutionary biologists are concerned with explaining the diversity and composition of the natural world and are aware of the inextricable linkages between ecological and evolutionary processes that maintain the Earth's life support systems. Yet examination of these linkages remains challenging due to the contrasting nature of focal systems and research approaches. Model clades provide a critical means to integrate ecology and evolution, as illustrated by the oaks (genus Quercus), an important model clade, given their ecological dominance, remarkable diversity, and growing phylogenetic, genomic, and ecological data resources. Studies of the clade reveal that their history of sympatric parallel adaptive radiation continues to influence community assembly today, highlighting questions on the nature and extent of coexistence mechanisms. Flexible phenology and hydraulic traits, despite evolutionary stasis, may have enabled adaptation to a wide range of environments within and across species, contributing to their high abundance and diversity. The oaks offer fundamental insights at the intersection of ecology and evolution on the role of diversification in community assembly processes, on the importance of flexibility in key functional traits in adapting to new environments, on factors contributing to persistence of long-lived organisms, and on evolutionary legacies that influence ecosystem function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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Martins K, Gugger PF, Llanderal‐Mendoza J, González‐Rodríguez A, Fitz‐Gibbon ST, Zhao J, Rodríguez‐Correa H, Oyama K, Sork VL. Landscape genomics provides evidence of climate-associated genetic variation in Mexican populations of Quercus rugosa. Evol Appl 2018; 11:1842-1858. [PMID: 30459833 PMCID: PMC6231481 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Local adaptation is a critical evolutionary process that allows plants to grow better in their local compared to non-native habitat and results in species-wide geographic patterns of adaptive genetic variation. For forest tree species with a long generation time, this spatial genetic heterogeneity can shape the ability of trees to respond to rapid climate change. Here, we identify genomic variation that may confer local environmental adaptations and then predict the extent of adaptive mismatch under future climate as a tool for forest restoration or management of the widely distributed high-elevation oak species Quercus rugosa in Mexico. Using genotyping by sequencing, we identified 5,354 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped from 103 individuals across 17 sites in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, and, after controlling for neutral genetic structure, we detected 74 F ST outlier SNPs and 97 SNPs associated with climate variation. Then, we deployed a nonlinear multivariate model, Gradient Forests, to map turnover in allele frequencies along environmental gradients and predict areas most sensitive to climate change. We found that spatial patterns of genetic variation were most strongly associated with precipitation seasonality and geographic distance. We identified regions of contemporary genetic and climatic similarities and predicted regions where future populations of Q. rugosa might be at risk due to high expected rate of climate change. Our findings provide preliminary details for future management strategies of Q. rugosa in Mexico and also illustrate how a landscape genomic approach can provide a useful tool for conservation and resource management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Martins
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
- Departamento de BiologiaUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSorocabaSPBrazil
| | - Paul F. Gugger
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
- Appalachian LaboratoryUniversity of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceFrostburgMaryland
| | - Jesus Llanderal‐Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MoreliaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Antonio González‐Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Sorel T. Fitz‐Gibbon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Jian‐Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest EcologyXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnanChina
| | - Hernando Rodríguez‐Correa
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MoreliaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Ken Oyama
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MoreliaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Victoria L. Sork
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
- Institute of the Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
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Costa e Silva J, Harrison PA, Wiltshire R, Potts BM. Evidence that divergent selection shapes a developmental cline in a forest tree species complex. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:181-194. [PMID: 29788049 PMCID: PMC6025196 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Evolutionary change in developmental trajectories (heterochrony) is a major mechanism of adaptation in plants and animals. However, there are few detailed studies of the variation in the timing of developmental events among wild populations. We here aimed to identify the climatic drivers and measure selection shaping a genetic-based developmental cline among populations of an endemic tree species complex on the island of Tasmania. METHODS Seed lots from 38 native provenances encompassing the clinal transition from the heteroblastic Eucalyptus tenuiramis to the homoblastic Eucalyptus risdonii were grown in a common-garden field trial in southern Tasmania for 20 years. We used 27 climatic variables to model the provenance variation in vegetative juvenility as assessed at age 5 years. A phenotypic selection analysis was used to measure the fitness consequences of variation in vegetative juvenility based on its impact on the survival and reproductive capacity of survivors at age 20 years. KEY RESULTS Significant provenance divergence in vegetative juvenility was shown to be associated with home-site aridity, with the retention of juvenile foliage increasing with increasing aridity. Our results indicated that climate change may lead to different directions of selection across the geographic range of the complex, and in our mesic field site demonstrated that total directional selection within phenotypically variable provenances was in favour of reduced vegetative juvenility. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that heteroblasty is adaptive and argue that, in assessing the impacts of rapid global change, developmental plasticity and heterochrony are underappreciated processes which can contribute to populations of long-lived organisms, such as trees, persisting and ultimately adapting to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Costa e Silva
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Peter A Harrison
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert Wiltshire
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Brad M Potts
- School of Natural Sciences and ARC Training Centre for Forest Value, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Ramírez‐Valiente JA, Deacon NJ, Etterson J, Center A, Sparks JP, Sparks KL, Longwell T, Pilz G, Cavender‐Bares J. Natural selection and neutral evolutionary processes contribute to genetic divergence in leaf traits across a precipitation gradient in the tropical oak
Quercus oleoides. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:2176-2192. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas J. Deacon
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN USA
| | - Julie Etterson
- Department of Biology University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth MN USA
| | - Alyson Center
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul MN USA
- Department of Biology Normandale Community College Bloomington MN USA
| | - Jed P. Sparks
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | - Kimberlee L. Sparks
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | | | - George Pilz
- Herbarium Paul C. Standley Escuela Agricola Panamericana Tegucigalpa Honduras
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25
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Ramírez-Valiente JA, Cavender-Bares J. Evolutionary trade-offs between drought resistance mechanisms across a precipitation gradient in a seasonally dry tropical oak (Quercus oleoides). TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 37:889-901. [PMID: 28419347 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In seasonally dry tropical forest regions, drought avoidance during the dry season coupled with high assimilation rates in the wet season is hypothesized to be an advantageous strategy for forest trees in regions with severe and long dry seasons. In contrast, where dry seasons are milder, drought tolerance coupled with a conservative resource-use strategy is expected to maximize carbon assimilation throughout the year. Tests of this hypothesis, particularly at the intraspecific level, have been seldom conducted. In this study, we tested the extent to which drought resistance mechanisms and rates of carbon assimilation have evolved under climates with varying dry season length and severity within Quercus oleoidesCham. and Schlect., a tropical dry forest species that is widely distributed in Central America. For this purpose, we conducted a greenhouse experiment where seedlings originating from five populations that vary in rainfall patterns were grown under different watering treatments. Our results revealed that populations from xeric climates with more severe dry seasons exhibited large mesophyllous leaves (with high specific leaf area, SLA), and leaf abscission in response to drought, consistent with a drought-avoidance strategy. In contrast, populations from more mesic climates with less severe dry seasons had small and thick sclerophyllous leaves with low SLA and reduced water potential at the turgor loss point (πtlp), consistent with a drought-tolerance strategy. Mesic populations also showed high plasticity in πtlp in response to water availability, indicating that osmotic adjustment to drought is an important component of this strategy. However, populations with mesophyllous leaves did not have higher maximum carbon assimilation rates under well-watered conditions. Furthermore, SLA was negatively associated with mass-based photosynthetic rates, contrary to expectations of the leaf economics spectrum, indicating that drought-resistance strategies are not necessarily tightly coupled with resource-use strategies. Overall, our study demonstrates the importance of considering intraspecific variation in analyses of the vulnerability of tropical trees to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Ramírez-Valiente
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), Avda Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
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26
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Ramírez-Valiente JA, Center A, Sparks JP, Sparks KL, Etterson JR, Longwell T, Pilz G, Cavender-Bares J. Population-Level Differentiation in Growth Rates and Leaf Traits in Seedlings of the Neotropical Live Oak Quercus oleoides Grown under Natural and Manipulated Precipitation Regimes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:585. [PMID: 28536582 PMCID: PMC5423273 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Widely distributed species are normally subjected to spatial heterogeneity in environmental conditions. In sessile organisms like plants, adaptive evolution and phenotypic plasticity of key functional traits are the main mechanisms through which species can respond to environmental heterogeneity and climate change. While extended research has been carried out in temperate species in this regard, there is still limited knowledge as to how species from seasonally-dry tropical climates respond to spatial and temporal variation in environmental conditions. In fact, studies of intraspecific genetically-based differences in functional traits are still largely unknown and studies in these ecosystems have largely focused on in situ comparisons where environmental and genetic effects cannot be differentiated. In this study, we tested for ecotypic differentiation and phenotypic plasticity in leaf economics spectrum (LES) traits, water use efficiency and growth rates under natural and manipulated precipitation regimes in a common garden experiment where seedlings of eight populations of the neotropical live oak Quercus oleoides were established. We also examined the extent to which intraspecific trait variation was associated with plant performance under different water availability. Similar to interspecific patterns among seasonally-dry tropical tree species, live oak populations with long and severe dry seasons had higher leaf nitrogen content and growth rates than mesic populations, which is consistent with a "fast" resource-acquisition strategy aimed to maximize carbon uptake during the wet season. Specific leaf area (SLA) was the best predictor of plant performance, but contrary to expectations, it was negatively associated with relative and absolute growth rates. This observation was partially explained by the negative association between SLA and area-based photosynthetic rates, which is contrary to LES expectations but similar to other recent intraspecific studies on evergreen oaks. Overall, our study shows strong intraspecific differences in functional traits in a tropical oak, Quercus oleoides, and suggests that precipitation regime has played an important role in driving adaptive divergence in this widespread species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alyson Center
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of MinnesotaSaint Paul, MN, USA
- Department of Biology, Normandale Community CollegeBloomington, MN, USA
| | - Jed P. Sparks
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell UniversityIthaca, NY, USA
| | - Kimberlee L. Sparks
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell UniversityIthaca, NY, USA
| | - Julie R. Etterson
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota DuluthDuluth, MN, USA
| | - Timothy Longwell
- Herbarium Paul C. Standley, Escuela Agricola PanamericanaTegucigalpa, Honduras
- Biltmore Environmental ConsultantsLoveland, CO, USA
| | - George Pilz
- Herbarium Paul C. Standley, Escuela Agricola PanamericanaTegucigalpa, Honduras
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27
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Funk JL, Larson JE, Ames GM, Butterfield BJ, Cavender‐Bares J, Firn J, Laughlin DC, Sutton‐Grier AE, Williams L, Wright J. Revisiting the
H
oly
G
rail: using plant functional traits to understand ecological processes. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2016; 92:1156-1173. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Funk
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University 1 University Drive Orange CA 92866 USA
| | - Julie E. Larson
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University 1 University Drive Orange CA 92866 USA
| | - Gregory M. Ames
- Department of Biology Duke University Box 90338 Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Bradley J. Butterfield
- Merriam‐Powell Center for Environmental Research and Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Box 5640 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
| | - Jeannine Cavender‐Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota 1475 Gortner Avenue St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology Gardens Point Brisbane Queensland 4000 Australia
| | - Daniel C. Laughlin
- Environmental Research Institute and School of Science University of Waikato Private Bag 3105 Hamilton 3240 New Zealand
| | - Ariana E. Sutton‐Grier
- National Ocean Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1305 East‐West Highway Silver Spring MD 20910 USA
- Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland 5825 University Research Ct #4001 College Park MD 20740 USA
| | - Laura Williams
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota 1475 Gortner Avenue St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Justin Wright
- Department of Biology Duke University Box 90338 Durham NC 27708 USA
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Wujeska-Klause A, Bossinger G, Tausz M. The concentration of ascorbic acid and glutathione in 13 provenances of Acacia melanoxylon. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 36:524-532. [PMID: 26960387 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpw008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Climate change can negatively affect sensitive tree species, affecting their acclimation and adaptation strategies. A common garden experiment provides an opportunity to test whether responses of trees from different provenances are genetically driven and if this response is related to factors at the site of origin. We hypothesized that antioxidative defence systems and leaf mass area ofAcacia melanoxylonR. Br. samples collected from different provenances will vary depending on local rainfall. Thirteen provenances ofA. melanoxylonoriginating from different rainfall habitats (500-2000 mm) were grown for 5 years in a common garden. For 2 years, phyllode samples were collected during winter and summer, for measurements of leaf mass area and concentrations of glutathione and ascorbic acid. Leaf mass area varied between seasons, years and provenances ofA. melanoxylon, and an increase was associated with decreasing rainfall at the site of origin. Ascorbic acid and glutathione concentrations varied between seasons, years (i.e., environmental factors) and among provenances ofA. melanoxylon In general, glutathione and ascorbic acid concentrations were higher in winter compared with summer. Ascorbic acid and glutathione were different among provenances, but this was not associated with rainfall at the site of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wujeska-Klause
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Victoria 3363, Australia
| | - Gerd Bossinger
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Victoria 3363, Australia
| | - Michael Tausz
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Victoria 3363, Australia
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29
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Khromykh NA, Ivan’ko IA, Kovalenko IM, Lykholat YV, Alexeyeva AA. Вплив асоційованих з альтитудою схилу умов мікроклімату та освітленості на фізіолого-біохімічні процеси в листі дерев прибережного лісу. BIOSYSTEMS DIVERSITY 2015. [DOI: 10.15421/011525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
У листках Acer platanoides L. (автохтонний вид) та Robinia pseudoacacia L. (адвентивний вид) досліджено зміни вмісту хлорофілу (Chl a й Chl b) та активності каталази (CAT), бензидин-пероксидази (BPOD) і гваякол-пероксидази (GPOD), зумовлені локальними умовами мікроклімату та освітленості природної діброви, асоційованими з висотою правобережного крутосхилу р. Самара. Зростання альтитуди схилу супроводжувалось градієнтним збільшенням температури та освітленості, зниженням вологості, що викликало варіювання інтенсивності фотосинтетичного й антиоксидантних процесів у листі обох деревних порід. У листках клена зі збільшенням висоти схилу знижувалось співвідношення Chla/Chlb (від 4,7 на нижній частині схилу до 4,0 на верхній), тоді як у листках акації на обох частинах схилу воно дорівнювало 5,1. Зі зростанням температури та освітленості на верхній частині схилу збільшувалась частка каталази в сумарній антиоксидантній активності листків обох видів, що вказує на посилення захисної ролі каталази за умовного зростання ознак аридності. У листі клена виявлено високі рівні кореляції між активністю всіх ферментів і показниками освітленості, температури та вологості, тоді як для акації білої встановлено лише вибіркові достовірні зв’язки, що може слугувати маркером пристосованості автохтонного та адвентивного видів до асоційованих із висотою схилу екологічних умов природної діброви.
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