1
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Ceylan MM, Bulut M, Alwazeer D. Improvement of pasting and textural properties of sunn‐damaged wheat flour using tea waste extracts. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Murat Ceylan
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts Faculty of Tourism Igdir University Igdir Turkey
- Research Center for Redox Applications in Foods (RCRAF), Igdir University Igdir Turkey
- Innovative Food Technologies Development, Application and Research Center Igdir University Igdir Turkey
| | - Menekse Bulut
- Research Center for Redox Applications in Foods (RCRAF), Igdir University Igdir Turkey
- Innovative Food Technologies Development, Application and Research Center Igdir University Igdir Turkey
- Department of Food Engineering Faculty of Engineering Igdir University Igdir Turkey
| | - Duried Alwazeer
- Research Center for Redox Applications in Foods (RCRAF), Igdir University Igdir Turkey
- Innovative Food Technologies Development, Application and Research Center Igdir University Igdir Turkey
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Health Sciences Igdir University Igdir Turkey
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2
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Hou G, Du C, Gao H, Liu S, Sun W, Lu H, Kang J, Xie Y, Ma D, Wang C. Identification of microRNAs in developing wheat grain that are potentially involved in regulating grain characteristics and the response to nitrogen levels. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:87. [PMID: 32103721 PMCID: PMC7045451 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the regulation of plant development and growth, but little information is available concerning their roles during grain development under different nitrogen (N) application levels. Our objective was to identify miRNAs related to the regulation of grain characteristics and the response to different N fertilizer conditions. RESULTS A total of 79 miRNAs (46 known and 33 novel miRNAs) were identified that showed significant differential expression during grain development under both high nitrogen (HN) and low nitrogen (LN) treatments. The miRNAs that were significantly upregulated early in grain development target genes involved mainly in cell differentiation, auxin-activated signaling, and transcription, which may be associated with grain size; miRNAs abundant in the middle and later stages target genes mainly involved in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, transport, and kinase activity and may be associated with grain filling. Additionally, we identified 50 miRNAs (22 known and 28 novel miRNAs), of which 11, 9, and 39 were differentially expressed between the HN and LN libraries at 7, 17, and 27 days after anthesis (DAA). The miRNAs that were differentially expressed in response to nitrogen conditions target genes involved mainly in carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, the defense response, and transport as well as genes that encode ubiquitin ligase. Only one novel miRNA (PC-5p-2614_215) was significantly upregulated in response to LN treatment at all three stages, and 21 miRNAs showed significant differential expression between HN and LN conditions only at 27 DAA. We therefore propose a model for target gene regulation by miRNAs during grain development with N-responsive patterns. CONCLUSIONS The potential targets of the identified miRNAs are related to various biological processes, such as carbohydrate/nitrogen metabolism, transcription, cellular differentiation, transport, and defense. Our results indicate that miRNA-mediated networks, via posttranscriptional regulation, play crucial roles in grain development and the N response, which determine wheat grain weight and quality. Our study provides useful information for future research of regulatory mechanisms that focus on improving grain yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gege Hou
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chenyang Du
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Honghuan Gao
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Sujun Liu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wan Sun
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hongfang Lu
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Juan Kang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yingxin Xie
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Dongyun Ma
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Agronomy/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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3
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Broad RC, Bonneau JP, Beasley JT, Roden S, Sadowski P, Jewell N, Brien C, Berger B, Tako E, Glahn RP, Hellens RP, Johnson AAT. Effect of Rice GDP-L-Galactose Phosphorylase Constitutive Overexpression on Ascorbate Concentration, Stress Tolerance, and Iron Bioavailability in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:595439. [PMID: 33343598 PMCID: PMC7744345 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.595439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is an essential multifunctional molecule for both plants and mammals. In plants, ascorbate is the most abundant water-soluble antioxidant that supports stress tolerance. In humans, ascorbate is an essential micronutrient and promotes iron (Fe) absorption in the gut. Engineering crops with increased ascorbate levels have the potential to improve both crop stress tolerance and human health. Here, rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants were engineered to constitutively overexpress the rice GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase coding sequence (35S-OsGGP), which encodes the rate-limiting enzymatic step of the L-galactose pathway. Ascorbate concentrations were negligible in both null segregant (NS) and 35S-OsGGP brown rice (BR, unpolished grain), but significantly increased in 35S-OsGGP germinated brown rice (GBR) relative to NS. Foliar ascorbate concentrations were significantly increased in 35S-OsGGP plants in the vegetative growth phase relative to NS, but significantly reduced at the reproductive growth phase and were associated with reduced OsGGP transcript levels. The 35S-OsGGP plants did not display altered salt tolerance at the vegetative growth phase despite having elevated ascorbate concentrations. Ascorbate concentrations were positively correlated with ferritin concentrations in Caco-2 cells - an accurate predictor of Fe bioavailability in human digestion - exposed to in vitro digests of NS and 35S-OsGGP BR and GBR samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan C. Broad
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Ronan C. Broad,
| | - Julien P. Bonneau
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jesse T. Beasley
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sally Roden
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pawel Sadowski
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Jewell
- Australian Plant Phenomics Facility and School for Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Chris Brien
- Australian Plant Phenomics Facility and School for Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bettina Berger
- Australian Plant Phenomics Facility and School for Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Elad Tako
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Raymond P. Glahn
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Roger P. Hellens
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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4
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Broad RC, Bonneau JP, Beasley JT, Roden S, Philips JG, Baumann U, Hellens RP, Johnson AAT. Genome-wide identification and characterization of the GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase gene family in bread wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:515. [PMID: 31771507 PMCID: PMC6878703 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascorbate is a powerful antioxidant in plants and an essential micronutrient for humans. The GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) gene encodes the rate-limiting enzyme of the L-galactose pathway-the dominant ascorbate biosynthetic pathway in plants-and is a promising gene candidate for increasing ascorbate in crops. In addition to transcriptional regulation, GGP production is regulated at the translational level through an upstream open reading frame (uORF) in the long 5'-untranslated region (5'UTR). The GGP genes have yet to be identified in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most important food grain sources for humans. RESULTS Bread wheat chromosomal groups 4 and 5 were found to each contain three homoeologous TaGGP genes on the A, B, and D subgenomes (TaGGP2-A/B/D and TaGGP1-A/B/D, respectively) and a highly conserved uORF was present in the long 5'UTR of all six genes. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the TaGGP genes separate into two distinct groups and identified a duplication event of the GGP gene in the ancestor of the Brachypodium/Triticeae lineage. A microsynteny analysis revealed that the TaGGP1 and TaGGP2 subchromosomal regions have no shared synteny suggesting that TaGGP2 may have been duplicated via a transposable element. The two groups of TaGGP genes have distinct expression patterns with the TaGGP1 homoeologs broadly expressed across different tissues and developmental stages and the TaGGP2 homoeologs highly expressed in anthers. Transient transformation of the TaGGP coding sequences in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf tissue increased ascorbate concentrations more than five-fold, confirming their functional role in ascorbate biosynthesis in planta. CONCLUSIONS We have identified six TaGGP genes in the bread wheat genome, each with a highly conserved uORF. Phylogenetic and microsynteny analyses highlight that a transposable element may have been responsible for the duplication and specialized expression of GGP2 in anthers in the Brachypodium/Triticeae lineage. Transient transformation of the TaGGP coding sequences in N. benthamiana demonstrated their activity in planta. The six TaGGP genes and uORFs identified in this study provide a valuable genetic resource for increasing ascorbate concentrations in bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan C Broad
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Julien P Bonneau
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jesse T Beasley
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Sally Roden
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Joshua G Philips
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Roger P Hellens
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Alexander A T Johnson
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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5
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Biochemical Quality Indicators and Enzymatic Activity of Wheat Flour from the Aspect of Climatic Conditions. J FOOD QUALITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/5187841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The contents of free sulphydryl groups (SH), disulphide bonds (SS), and free amino groups (NH2) were determined in order to estimate the extent of climatic condition influence on gluten quality. The analysis included four bread wheat varieties grown in two production years (2011 and 2012) with different climatic conditions in different locations. According to our previously reported results, the working hypothesis was that enzyme activity for breadmaking purpose was insufficient. The aim of this paper was to study the influence of naturally present enzymes on the bread quality by the addition of previously extracted and freeze-dried albumins to the base flour as an additive. The selection of samples was made on the basis of different combinations of proteolytic and α-amylolytic enzymes activity levels. For samples from 2012 production year, the content of SH groups was significantly higher. Regarding the SS content, the obtained results exhibited the opposite trend. Variations in NH2 content were dominantly caused by temperature treatment of tested samples. The addition of freeze-dried albumins to bread improved its specific volume in a lesser extent, while bread crumb texture was significantly improved.
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6
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Yildiz Ö, Toker O, Yüksel F, Cavus M, Ceylan M, Yurt B. Pasting properties of buckwheat, rice and maize flours and textural properties of their gels: effect of ascorbic acid concentration. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2017. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2015.0817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ö. Yildiz
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Iğdır University, 76000 Iğdır, Turkey
| | - O.S. Toker
- Food Engineering Department, Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F. Yüksel
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gümüşhane University, 29100 Gümüşhane, Turkey
| | - M. Cavus
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Iğdır University, 76000 Iğdır, Turkey
| | - M.M. Ceylan
- Food Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Iğdır University, 76000 Iğdır, Turkey
| | - B. Yurt
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Turkey
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7
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Hemdane S, Jacobs PJ, Dornez E, Verspreet J, Delcour JA, Courtin CM. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Bran in Bread Making: A Critical Review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2015; 15:28-42. [PMID: 33371577 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Wheat bran, a by-product of the industrial roller milling of wheat, is increasingly added to food products because of its nutritional profile and physiological effects. Epidemiological data and scientific studies have demonstrated the health benefits of consuming bran-rich or whole-grain food products. However, incorporation of wheat bran in cereal-based products negatively affects their production process. Furthermore, the organoleptic quality of the obtained products is mostly perceived as inferior to that of products based on refined wheat flour. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of wheat bran on bread making, provides a comprehensive overview of the bran properties possibly involved, and discusses different strategies that have been evaluated up till now to counteract the detrimental effects of wheat bran on bread making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Hemdane
- the Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 - bus 2463, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter J Jacobs
- the Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 - bus 2463, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emmie Dornez
- the Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 - bus 2463, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joran Verspreet
- the Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 - bus 2463, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan A Delcour
- the Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 - bus 2463, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- the Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20 - bus 2463, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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8
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Nikoorazm M, Ghorbani-Choghamarani A, Noori N. Oxo-vanadium(IV) Schiff base complex supported on modified MCM-41: a reusable and efficient catalyst for the oxidation of sulfides and oxidative S-S coupling of thiols. Appl Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Nikoorazm
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Ilam University; PO Box 69315516 Ilam Iran
| | | | - Nourolah Noori
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Ilam University; PO Box 69315516 Ilam Iran
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9
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Johansson E, Malik AH, Hussain A, Rasheed F, Newson WR, Plivelic T, Hedenqvist MS, Gällstedt M, Kuktaite R. Wheat Gluten Polymer Structures: The Impact of Genotype, Environment, and Processing on Their Functionality in Various Applications. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-08-12-0105-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Johansson
- Department of Agrosystems, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 104, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
- Present address: Department of Plant Breeding, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 101, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Ali Hafeez Malik
- Department of Agrosystems, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 104, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
- Present address: Syngenta Seeds AB, Box 302, 26123 Landskrona, Sweden
| | - Abrar Hussain
- Department of Agrosystems, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 104, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
- Present address: Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal Campus, COMSATS Road, P. Code 57000 Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Rasheed
- Department of Agrosystems, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 104, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
- Present address: Department of Plant Breeding, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 101, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
| | - William R. Newson
- Department of Agrosystems, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 104, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
- Present address: Department of Plant Breeding, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 101, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
| | | | - Mikael S. Hedenqvist
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Ramune Kuktaite
- Department of Agrosystems, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 104, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
- Present address: Department of Plant Breeding, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 101, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden
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10
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Osipova SV, Permyakova MD, Permyakov AV. Role of non-prolamin proteins and low molecular weight redox agents in protein folding and polymerization in wheat grains and influence on baking quality parameters. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:12065-12073. [PMID: 23170897 DOI: 10.1021/jf303513m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The various enzyme systems and low molecular weight (LMW) redox agents are related to the folding and polymerization of prolamins in the ripening wheat grains and the formation of baking quality. Protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs) and cyclophylins accelerate "correct" folding of prolamins, which is most likely necessary for the subsequent formation of the macromolecular structure of the gluten protein matrix. PDIs are also involved in the polymerization of prolamins, catalyzing the oxidation of protein sulfhydryl groups. Molecular chaperone binding BiP protein facilitates folding of prolamins, with its role increasing in the stressful conditions. Reducing systems of thioredoxin and glutaredoxin, LMW redox pairs GSH/GSSG and Asc/DHAsc, thiol oxidases, and lipoxygenases (LOXs) regulate redox balance and the rate of polymerization of prolamins at the different stages of grain ripening. Additionally, LOX is probably involved in the protein-starch-lipid interactions between the starch granule and the protein matrix, mediated by puroindolines, determining the formation of grain texture. It is assumed that the high variability of baking quality in different environmental conditions is due to the interaction of labile enzyme systems with the storage proteins in the developing wheat caryopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V Osipova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology, Biochemistry Sb RAS, Irkutsk, Russia.
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11
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Koh A, Nishimura K, Urade R. Relationship between endogenous protein disulfide isomerase family proteins and glutenin macropolymer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:12970-5. [PMID: 21087045 DOI: 10.1021/jf103347p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of endogenous protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family proteins on the properties of gluten proteins in dough during breadmaking were determined using bacitracin, an inhibitor of PDI. Bread loaf volume in the presence of bacitracin was increased to 118% of that in the absence of bacitracin. The addition of bacitracin caused a decrease in the extension tolerance of the dough. The amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-insoluble glutenin macropolymer (GMP) in dough decreased to approximately 70% of that in flour during the 20 min of mixing for doughmaking. The addition of bacitracin to dough caused a dramatic GMP decrease, corresponding to ∼20-30% of that in flour during the 20 min of mixing. The decrease in GMP was compensated by an increase in SDS-soluble glutenin polymer. Taken together, these results suggest that the endogenous PDI family proteins in flour suppress the depolymerization of GMP during dough mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akie Koh
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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12
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Abonyi T, Király I, Tömösközi S, Baticz O, Guóth A, Gergely S, Scholz E, Lásztity D, Lásztity R. Synthesis of gluten-forming polypeptides. 1. Biosynthesis of gliadins and glutenin subunits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:3655-60. [PMID: 17407308 DOI: 10.1021/jf063143z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Five winter wheat cultivars--GK Othalom (HMW-GS composition 2*, 7+8, 5+10), Ukrainka (1, 7+8, 5+10), Palotás (2*, 7+9, 5+10), Ködmön (2*, 7+8, 5+10), and Csongrád (2*, 7+9, 2+12)--grown in Hungary and harvested in the year 2005 were studied. The biosynthesis of gluten-forming polypeptides was followed starting at the 12th day after anthesis to the 53rd. Fresh kernel weight, moisture, and dry matter content of fresh kernels and gliadin and glutenin contents were determined. Gliadin components, total amounts of HMW and LMW polypeptides, and individual HMW polypeptides were determined using a RP-HPLC technique. Although considerable quantitative differences were observed concerning the content of total protein, gliadin, glutenin, and individual gluten-forming polypeptides, the character of accumulation of protein components--determined on the basis protein mass/kernel--was the same for the all of the cultivars studied and could be presented by a sigmoid curve. Small quantities of the gliadin and glutenin monomers may be detected in early stages of kernel development, but the bulk of these proteins is synthesized in later stages of development. It is generally suggested by specialists that the formation and accumulation of glutenin polymers starts later than the synthesis of monomers. Experimental data presented in this paper confirm this suggestion and show that in the first phase of protein synthesis the monomers are in "free" form; polymeric glutenin is detected only later. HMW glutenin subunits are synthesized synchronously, and quantitatively the polypeptides coded by chromosomes D and B dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Abonyi
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, Budapest H-1521, Hungary
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13
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Robertson JA, Sutcliffe LH, Mills ENC. Application of electron spin resonance spectroscopy and spin probes to investigate the effect of ingredients on changes in wheat dough during heating. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:1427-33. [PMID: 16478270 DOI: 10.1021/jf051328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The change in microviscosity of the aqueous and lipid phases of wheat flour dough, during heating and subsequent cooling, has been measured using novel spin probes based on the isoindolin-yloxyl structure. The spin probes, water and/or lipid soluble, were used with combinations of dough ingredients: diacetyl tartaric acid ester of monoglycerides (DATEM), salt, yeast, and sodium ascorbate. The lipid soluble probe showed that DATEM does not produce a homogeneous phase with endogenous lipids but is found in a separate, less mobile phase. Also, the lipids were shown not to be involved in the baking process, although DATEM may be incorporated into the gelled starch matrix. The water soluble probe enabled starch gelatinization to be investigated in detail and showed that gelatinization produces a reduction of dielectric constant. The technique is appropriate for the detailed examination of the behavior of different ingredients during baking and also potentially to examine interactions between ingredients and flour components in dough.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Robertson
- Department of Food Materials, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.
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14
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Every D, Simmons LD, Ross MP. Distribution of Redox Enzymes in Millstreams and Relationships to Chemical and Baking Properties of Flour. Cereal Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1094/cc-83-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Every
- New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - L. D. Simmons
- New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - M. P. Ross
- New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
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15
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Osipova SV, Permyakov AV, Mitrofanova TN, Dudareva LV, Trufanov VA. Characteristics of Thiol:Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductase from Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grain. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2005; 70:935-40. [PMID: 16212551 DOI: 10.1007/s10541-005-0205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical properties of a homogenous preparation of thiol:protein disulfide oxidoreductase (TPDO, EC 1.8.4.2) isolated for the first time from mature wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain were studied. According to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis data, the molecular weight of TPDO is around 167 kD, the enzyme consisting of two subunits of 77 and 73 kD, which differentiates TPDO from known enzymes of SH/SS-metabolism of wheat caryopses. In substrate specificity and enzymatic characteristics (pH and temperature optima) TPDO is similar to analogous enzymes of animal tissues. Inhibition of disulfide reductase activity by alkylating agents and heavy metal ions suggests the participation of active center SH-groups in the catalytic act and classes the enzyme as a member of the thioredoxin superfamily. The SS-reductase reduces aggregating capacity of acetic acid-soluble fraction of wheat storage proteins. The proposed physiological role of TPDO is participation in creation and regulation of SH/SS-status of wheat endosperm proteins and formation of the rheological properties of gluten.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Osipova
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia.
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