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Lu Z, Hou X, Ke Z, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Zhou W. A newly identified glycosyltransferase AsRCOM provides resistance to purple curl leaf disease in agave. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:669. [PMID: 37936069 PMCID: PMC10629022 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Purple curl leaf disease brings a significant threat to the development of agave industry, the underlying mechanism of disease-resistant Agave sisalana. hybrid 11648 (A. H11648R) is still unknown. RESULTS To excavate the crucial disease-resistant genes against purple curl leaf disease, we performed an RNA-seq analysis for A.H11648R and A.H11648 during different stages of purple curl leaf disease. The DEGs (differentially expressed genes) were mainly enriched in linolenic acid metabolism, starch and sucrose mechanism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance. Further analysis suggested that eight candidate genes (4'OMT2, ACLY, NCS1, GTE10, SMO2, FLS2, SQE1 and RCOM) identified by WGCNA (weighted gene co-expression network analysis) may mediate the resistance to agave purple curl disease by participating the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, steroid, sterols and flavonoids, and the regulation of plant innate immunity and systemic acquired resistance. After qPCR verification, we found that AsRCOM, coding a glycosyltransferase and relevant to the regulation of plant innate immunity and systemic acquired resistance, may be the most critical disease-resistant gene. Finally, the overexpression of AsRCOM gene in agave could significantly enhance the resistance to purple curl disease with abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulations. CONCLUSIONS Integrative RNA-seq analysis found that HR may be an important pathway affecting the resistance to purple curl leaf disease in agave, and identified glycosyltransferase AsRCOM as the crucial gene that could significantly enhance the resistance to purple curl leaf disease in agave, with obvious ROS accumulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Lu
- Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, South Subtropical Crops Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaowan Hou
- Key Laboratory for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products of Hainan Province, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
| | - Zhi Ke
- Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, South Subtropical Crops Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, South Subtropical Crops Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
| | - ZiPing Yang
- Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, South Subtropical Crops Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China
| | - Wenzhao Zhou
- Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, South Subtropical Crops Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524091, China.
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Civolani S, Mirandola D, Benetti L, Finetti L, Pezzi M, Bernacchia G. Effects of Acibenzolar-S-methyl on the Probing Behaviour and Mortality of Cacopsylla pyri on Pear Plants. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13060525. [PMID: 35735861 PMCID: PMC9225062 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Acibenzolar-S-methyl is an analogue of salicylic acid, and it is known as a plant elicitor able to induce plant endogenous defences against plant pathogens. Recently, it has been shown to also affect phloem-feeder pests, even though the mechanism is still unclear. Pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyri) is a serious threat for pear production in Europe, and its control is usually based on the use of chemical insecticides. The development of novel innovative control approaches is becoming more and more important, especially in integrated pest management. The present work investigated the possible indirect influence of acibenzolar-S-methyl, through the expression of pear Pathogenesis-Related protein (PR) coding genes, on the probing behaviour and on the survival of C. pyri nymphs and adults feeding on pear potted plants. The minor effects observed on the pest would suggest that acibenzolar-S-methyl cannot be used against psyllas, but it might be recommended on pear orchards in the primary control of other targets such as fire blight disease. Abstract European pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri, is one of the worst pests of pear in Europe. We investigated whether acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) application on pear plants might affect the behaviour in C. pyri. The elicitor was applied on pear potted plants, and after 48 h, we confirmed the ASM-mediated induction of several Pathogenesis-Related protein (PR) coding genes. At the same time, an in-depth analysis was performed on the probing behaviour of adults and nymphs of C. pyri on ASM-treated pear plants by the EPG-DC system, as well as the assessment of young nymphs’ survival 7 days after the ASM application. The elicitor application weakly interfered with C. pyri nymphs probing behaviour and survival, while it did not affect adult stages. These data confirm previous observations obtained on C. pyricola and suggest that the elicitor does not represent a viable tool in the control of pear psylla species, especially if used alone, but it might be used in integrated management strategies focused on other plant pathogens such as Erwinia amylovora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Civolani
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Innovaricerca Srl, Via Pastorella 17, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daniele Mirandola
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (D.M.); (L.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Benetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (D.M.); (L.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Luca Finetti
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada;
| | - Marco Pezzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (D.M.); (L.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Giovanni Bernacchia
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (D.M.); (L.B.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-05-3245-5784
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Ratchaseema MTN, Kladsuwan L, Soulard L, Swangmaneecharern P, Punpee P, Klomsa-Ard P, Sriroth K, Keawsompong S. The role of salicylic acid and benzothiadiazole in decreasing phytoplasma titer of sugarcane white leaf disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15211. [PMID: 34312478 PMCID: PMC8313703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to study the effect of Benzothiadiazole (BTH) and Salicylic acid (SA) on the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) of sugarcane the phytoplasma associated with the sugarcane white leaf (SCWL) disease. The experiment was conducted on plants of the sugarcane variety Khon Kaen 3 (KK3) infected with SCWL phytoplasma using insect vectors. Biochemical changes related to the SAR such as SA and total phenolic compounds were followed according to 4 different timepoints: 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after inoculation. Together, phytoplasma were quantified by RT-qPCR using the secA gene of phytoplasma. According to our results, the spraying of BTH and SA tended to increase the amounts of SA, total phenolic compounds and a lower presence of phytoplasma in the plants in comparison with the inoculated control. Spraying BTH at a concentration of 2.4 mM and SA at a concentration of 2.4 mM exhibited the best efficiency to reduce the concentration of phytoplasma. According to RT-qPCR results, the inoculated plants sprayed with BTH displayed a significantly lower concentration of phytoplasma compared to the inoculated controls. Overall, our results indicated that the spray of BTH and SA could induce an efficient SAR response to the phytoplasma associated with the SCWL disease. We expect these results will give support to the development of new products for controlling white leaf disease in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuwat Tintarasara Na Ratchaseema
- Mitr Phol Sugarcane and Research Center, 399 M1, Koksa-ad, Phukhieo, 36110, Chaiyaphum, Thailand.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Lawan Kladsuwan
- Mitr Phol Sugarcane and Research Center, 399 M1, Koksa-ad, Phukhieo, 36110, Chaiyaphum, Thailand
| | - Laurent Soulard
- Mitr Phol Sugarcane and Research Center, 399 M1, Koksa-ad, Phukhieo, 36110, Chaiyaphum, Thailand
| | | | - Prapat Punpee
- Mitr Phol Sugarcane and Research Center, 399 M1, Koksa-ad, Phukhieo, 36110, Chaiyaphum, Thailand
| | - Peeraya Klomsa-Ard
- Mitr Phol Sugarcane and Research Center, 399 M1, Koksa-ad, Phukhieo, 36110, Chaiyaphum, Thailand
| | - Klanarong Sriroth
- Mitr Phol Sugarcane and Research Center, 399 M1, Koksa-ad, Phukhieo, 36110, Chaiyaphum, Thailand.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Suttipun Keawsompong
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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Miliordos DE, Galetto L, Ferrari E, Pegoraro M, Marzachì C, Bosco D. Acibenzolar-S-methyl may prevent vector-mediated flavescence dorée phytoplasma transmission, but is ineffective in inducing recovery of infected grapevines. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:534-540. [PMID: 27116913 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acibenzolar-S-methyl (BTH), a functional analogue of salicylic acid (SA), is known to elicit a systemic resistance across a broad range of plant-pathogen interactions, but so far it has not been tested against flavescence dorée (FDP), one of the most devastating grapevine diseases. The aim of this work was to evaluate the activity of BTH in preventing FDP transmission by the insect vector and in inducing recovery of infected grapevines. RESULTS Repeated 2 mM applications of BTH to test grapevine cuttings (cv. Barbera) exposed to adults of the infectious vector Scaphoideus titanus Ball reduced the rate of infected plants. The effect was not recorded following similar BTH applications to highly susceptible young in vitro propagated vines. A high natural recovery rate (more than 70%) was observed over a 3 year period in field-infected grapevines of the same cultivar. Under these conditions, BTH repeated applications over the whole period clearly failed to increase recovery of field-infected grapevines. CONCLUSION Following a 3 year experiment, it can be concluded that, although high doses and repeated applications of BTH reduced vector transmission of FDP, BTH was ineffective in inducing recovery of FDP-infected grapevines cv. Barbera under field conditions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luciana Galetto
- CNR - Istituto di Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Turin, Italy
| | - Ester Ferrari
- DISAFA - Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Mattia Pegoraro
- DISAFA - Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Bosco
- DISAFA - Entomologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
- CNR - Istituto di Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Turin, Italy
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Dufour MC, Magnin N, Dumas B, Vergnes S, Corio-Costet MF. High-throughput gene-expression quantification of grapevine defense responses in the field using microfluidic dynamic arrays. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:957. [PMID: 27875995 PMCID: PMC5120521 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fight against grapevine diseases due to biotrophic pathogens usually requires the massive use of chemical fungicides with harmful environmental effects. An alternative strategy could be the use of compounds able to stimulate plant immune responses which significantly limit the development of pathogens in laboratory conditions. However, the efficiency of this strategy in natura is still insufficient to be included in pest management programs. To understand and to improve the mode of action of plant defense stimulators in the field, it is essential to develop reliable tools that describe the resistance status of the plant upon treatment. RESULTS We have developed a pioneering tool ("NeoViGen96" chip) based on a microfluidic dynamic array platform allowing the expression profiling of 85 defense-related grapevine genes in 90 cDNA preparations in a 4 h single run. Two defense inducers, benzothiadiazole (BTH) and fosetyl-aluminum (FOS), have been tested in natura using the "NeoViGen96" chip as well as their efficacy against downy mildew. BTH-induced grapevine resistance is accompanied by the induction of PR protein genes (PR1, PR2 and PR3), genes coding key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway (PAL and STS), a GST gene coding an enzyme involved in the redox status and an ACC gene involved in the ethylene pathway. FOS, a phosphonate known to possess a toxic activity against pathogens and an inducing effect on defense genes provided a better grapevine protection than BTH. Its mode of action was probably strictly due to its fungicide effect at high concentrations because treatment did not induce significant change in the expression level of selected defense-related genes. CONCLUSIONS The NeoViGen96" chip assesses the effectiveness of plant defense inducers on grapevine in vineyard with an excellent reproducibility. A single run with this system (4 h and 1,500 €), corresponds to 180 qPCR plates with conventional Q-PCR assays (Stragene system, 270 h and 9,000 €) thus a throughput 60-70 times higher and 6 times cheaper. Grapevine responses after BTH elicitation in the vineyard were similar to those obtained in laboratory conditions, whereas our results suggest that the protective effect of FOS against downy mildew in the vineyard was only due to its fungicide activity since no activity on plant defense genes was observed. This tool provides better understanding of how the grapevine replies to elicitation in its natural environment and how the elicitor potential can be used to reduce chemical fungicide inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Cécile Dufour
- INRA, UMR Santé et Agroécologie du vignoble (SAVE-1065), CS 20032, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, CEDEX France
| | - Noël Magnin
- INRA, UMR Santé et Agroécologie du vignoble (SAVE-1065), CS 20032, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, CEDEX France
| | - Bernard Dumas
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP 42617, Auzeville, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, UMR 5546, BP 42617, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Sophie Vergnes
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 5546, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, BP 42617, Auzeville, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, UMR 5546, BP 42617, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Marie-France Corio-Costet
- INRA, UMR Santé et Agroécologie du vignoble (SAVE-1065), CS 20032, ISVV, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, CEDEX France
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Pagliari L, Martini M, Loschi A, Musetti R. Looking inside phytoplasma-infected sieve elements: A combined microscopy approach using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model plant. Micron 2016; 89:87-97. [PMID: 27569416 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phytoplasmas are phloem-inhabiting plant pathogens that affect over one thousand plant species, representing a severe threat to agriculture. The absence of an effective curative strategy and the economic importance of many affected crops make a priority of studying how plants respond to phytoplasma infection. Nevertheless, the study of phytoplasmas has been hindered by the extreme difficulty of culturing them in vitro and by impediments to natural host plant surveys such as low phytoplasma titre, long plant life cycle and poor knowledge of natural host-plant biology. Stating correspondence between macroscopic symptoms of phytoplasma infected Arabidopsis thaliana and those observed in natural host plants, over the last decade some authors have started to use this plant as a model for studying phytoplasma-plant interactions. Nevertheless, the morphological and ultrastructural modifications occurring in A. thaliana tissues following phytoplasma infection have never been described in detail. In this work, we adopted a combined-microscopy approach to verify if A. thaliana can be considered a reliable model for the study of phytoplasma-plant interactions at the microscopical level. The consistent presence of phytoplasma in infected phloem allowed detailed study of the infection process and the relationship established by phytoplasmas with different components of the sieve elements. In infected A. thaliana, phytoplasmas induced strong disturbances of host plant development that were mainly due to phloem disorganization and impairment. Light microscopy showed collapse, necrosis and hyperplasia of phloem cells. TEM observations of sieve elements identified two common plant-responses to phytoplasma infection: phloem protein agglutination and callose deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pagliari
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marta Martini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Alberto Loschi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Rita Musetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
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Osler R, Borselli S, Ermacora P, Loschi A, Martini M, Musetti R, Loi N. Acquired Tolerance in Apricot Plants that Stably Recovered from European Stone Fruit Yellows. PLANT DISEASE 2014; 98:492-496. [PMID: 30708735 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-13-0342-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
European stone fruit yellows (ESFY) is one of the most destructive phytoplasma diseases of plum, apricot, and peach in Europe. Conventional preventive defense strategies have been ineffective. Because apricot cultivars with innate-constitutive resistance against ESFY are not available, the aim of this more than 20-year-long study was to seek acquired resistance or tolerance. In the first experiment, we surveyed an orchard with seven apricot cultivars for 12 years in an area of northern Italy with a high rate of natural occurrence of ESFY. Of the diseased plants, a few (8.7%) became completely symptomless but retained the phytoplasma, as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the second experiment, we grafted buds from two stably recovered plants and from two nonrecovered plants onto 'Rubira' peach. Over the next 9 years in an orchard with a high rate of natural infection, 93.0% of the "nonrecovered clones" became diseased but only 1.5% of the plants grafted with the two "recovered clones" developed ESFY symptoms. According to PCR analyses, all of the exposed test plants were ESFY-infected, whether they were derived from recovered or nonrecovered mothers. This could indicate that epigenetic changes occurred in recovered plants due to a graft-transmissible memory. Based on the results attained from the two described experiments, we propose that an acquired tolerance that occurred in stably recovered apricot trees was graft transmitted from two tolerant apricot clones. In contrast, we did not demonstrate a cross-protection process based on protectant avirulent phytoplasma strains that suppress severe strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Osler
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - S Borselli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - P Ermacora
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - A Loschi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - M Martini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - R Musetti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - N Loi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via delle Scienze, 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy
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Romanazzi G, Murolo S, Feliziani E. Effects of an innovative strategy to contain grapevine Bois noir: field treatment with resistance inducers. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2013; 103:785-791. [PMID: 23489522 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-13-0031-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine Bois noir (BN) is a phytoplasma disease that is widespread in most viticultural regions of the world, and it can result in heavy reductions to yields and grape juice quality. At present, there is no effective strategy to reduce the incidence of BN-infected grapevines. However, phytoplasma-infected plants can recover through spontaneous or induced symptom remission. Five elicitors (chitosan, two glutathione-plus-oligosaccharine formulations, benzothiadiazole, and phosetyl-Al) were applied weekly to the canopy of BN-infected 'Chardonnay' grapevines from early May to late July. The best and most constant recovery inductions were obtained with benzothiadiazole and the two glutathione-plus-oligosaccharine formulations. The plants that recovered naturally or following the elicitors showed qualitative and quantitative parameters of production no different from healthy plants. In another vineyard, diseased plants showed reduced shoot length and production compared with healthy plants, and there were no negative effects on these parameters for grapevines sprayed with a glutathione-plus-oligosaccharine formulation. The application of resistance inducers promoted the recovery of BN-infected grapevines with no adverse effects on the plants. Therefore, grapevine can be used as a model species to test this innovative strategy to contain phytoplasma diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Romanazzi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
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Louis J, Singh V, Shah J. Arabidopsis thaliana-Aphid Interaction. THE ARABIDOPSIS BOOK 2012; 10:e0159. [PMID: 22666177 PMCID: PMC3365623 DOI: 10.1199/tab.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Aphids are important pests of plants that use their stylets to tap into the sieve elements to consume phloem sap. Besides the removal of photosynthates, aphid infestation also alters source-sink patterns. Most aphids also vector viral diseases. In this chapter, we will summarize on recent significant findings in plant-aphid interaction, and how studies involving Arabidopsis thaliana and Myzus persicae (Sülzer), more commonly known as the green peach aphid (GPA), are beginning to provide important insights into the molecular basis of plant defense and susceptibility to aphids. The recent demonstration that expression of dsRNA in Arabidopsis can be used to silence expression of genes in GPA has further expanded the utility of Arabidopsis for evaluating the contribution of the aphid genome-encoded proteins to this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Louis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Current address: Department of Entomology and Center for Chemical Ecology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Vijay Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Jyoti Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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