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Monaco CF, Davis JS. Mechanisms of angioregression of the corpus luteum. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1254943. [PMID: 37841308 PMCID: PMC10568036 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1254943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a transient ovarian endocrine gland that produces the progesterone necessary for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. The formation and function of this gland involves angiogenesis, establishing the tissue with a robust blood flow and vast microvasculature required to support production of progesterone. Every steroidogenic cell within the corpus luteum is in direct contact with a capillary, and disruption of angiogenesis impairs luteal development and function. At the end of a reproductive cycle, the corpus luteum ceases progesterone production and undergoes rapid structural regression into a nonfunctional corpus albicans in a process initiated and exacerbated by the luteolysin prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Structural regression is accompanied by complete regression of the luteal microvasculature in which endothelial cells die and are sloughed off into capillaries and lymphatic vessels. During luteal regression, changes in nitric oxide transiently increase blood flow, followed by a reduction in blood flow and progesterone secretion. Early luteal regression is marked by an increased production of cytokines and chemokines and influx of immune cells. Microvascular endothelial cells are sensitive to released factors during luteolysis, including thrombospondin, endothelin, and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFB1). Although PGF2α is known to be a vasoconstrictor, endothelial cells do not express receptors for PGF2α, therefore it is believed that the angioregression occurring during luteolysis is mediated by factors downstream of PGF2α signaling. Yet, the exact mechanisms responsible for angioregression in the corpus luteum remain unknown. This review describes the current knowledge on angioregression of the corpus luteum and the roles of vasoactive factors released during luteolysis on luteal vasculature and endothelial cells of the microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine F. Monaco
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - John S. Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Healthcare System, Omaha, NE, United States
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2
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Kapoor K, Singh O, Pathak D. Immunoexpression of cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α suggesting its role in formation and regression of corpus luteum in Indian buffalo. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1393-1403. [PMID: 32735729 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a cytokine that plays multiple important roles in corpus luteum (CL). Immunolocalization of expression of TNF-α in CL of buffalo was studied in different stages of its development and regression. Corpus luteum of healthy buffaloes (24) was collected from local slaughterhouses and categorized into early (stage I, 1-5 days, n = 6), mid (stage II, 6-11 days, n = 6), late luteal (stage III, 12-16 days, n = 6) and regressing phase (stage IV, 17-20 days, n = 6). In earliest phase of cyclic CL, per cent immunoexpression of TNF-α was significantly (p < .05) lower as compared to all phases with its expression being restricted to few developing luteal cells, usually in neutrophils. A significantly (p < .05) higher number of neutrophils with TNF-α immunoexpression were observed as compared to mid-luteal phase that indicated its role in initiation of angiogenesis at this stage. TNF-α immunoexpression almost doubled in mid-luteal phase, but the number of neutrophils exhibiting TNF-α was significantly (p < .05) lower with respect to all phases of CL. Immunoexpression percentage in late luteal phase increased sharply being significantly (p < .05) higher than earlier two phases of CL. In regressing phase, per cent immunostaining was maximum with highly significant (p < .05) difference as compared to all other stages, observed in all degrading luteal cells, abundant immune cells, that is neutrophils and macrophages which finally led to apoptosis and phagocytosis. Immunoexpression of TNF-α in early luteal phases served its role in initiation of angiogenesis, and its intense expression in regressing phase of CL suggested a shift in its role to apoptosis and structural luteal regression signifying both luteotropic and luteolytic roles in buffalo. This is probably the first study of its kind in buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritima Kapoor
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Sciences, Rampura Phul, India.,Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Opinder Singh
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Devendra Pathak
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Sciences, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
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3
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Wongpanit K, Manabe N. Expression and localization of cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP), an anti-apoptotic factor, in corpora lutea during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in Thai swamp buffalo <i>(Bubalus bubalis)</i>. J Reprod Dev 2020; 66:29-33. [PMID: 31801913 PMCID: PMC7040207 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2019-059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In female mammals, luteal cells rapidly proliferate and form corpora lutea (CLs) after ovulation. The corpus luteum (CL) plays crucial roles in establishing and maintaining pregnancy. To gain further insights into the role of cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP), an anti-apoptosis factor that is structurally similar to procaspase-8 but lacks proteolytic enzyme activity, we examined the expression in CLs of Thai swamp buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) during the early, mid, and late stage of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. cFLIP short form and long form (cFLIP<inf>S</inf> and cFLIP<inf>L</inf>, respectively) mRNA and protein levels were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. cFLIP<inf>S</inf> mRNA levels were low in the mid and late stages of the estrous cycle and increased during pregnancy (P < 0.05). cFLIP<inf>L</inf> mRNA was highly expressed in CLs during pregnancy and was lower in the mid and late stages of the estrous cycle. The level of cFLIP<inf>S</inf> protein was high in CLs during pregnancy and low levels were noted in the mid stage of the estrous cycle (P < 0.05). Higher levels of cFLIP<inf>L</inf> protein were demonstrated in CLs during pregnancy and lower levels were found in CLs during the early stage of the estrous cycle. Strong positive immunohistochemical staining for cFLIP<inf>S/L</inf> proteins was observed in luteal cells during pregnancy. The present findings revealed that cFLIP was at the highest level in CLs during pregnancy, and this may act as a dominant survival anti-apoptotic factor by inhibiting intracellular apoptosis signal transduction in luteal cells of CLs during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannika Wongpanit
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Agro-Industry, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Kasetsart University, Sakon Nakhon 47000, Thailand
| | - Noboru Manabe
- Animal Resource Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan.,Department of Human Sciences, Osaka International University, Osaka 570-8555, Japan
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4
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Abdulrahman N, Fair T. Contribution of the immune system to follicle differentiation, ovulation and early corpus luteum formation. Anim Reprod 2019; 16:440-448. [PMID: 32435287 PMCID: PMC7234072 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2019-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Much of what we know about the involvement of the immune system in periovulatory follicle differentiation, ovulation and subsequent formation of the corpus luteum in cattle is drawn from the findings of studies in several mammalian livestock species. By integrating published histological data from cattle, sheep and pigs and referring back to the more comprehensive knowledge bank that exists for mouse and humans we can sketch out the key cells of the immune system and the cytokines and growth factors that they produce that are involved in follicle differentiation and luteinization, ovulation and early follicle development. These contributions are reviewed and the key findings, discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noof Abdulrahman
- School of Agriculture & Food Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Trudee Fair
- School of Agriculture & Food Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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5
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Lei L, Ge J, Zhao H, Wang X, Yang L. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in lipopolysaccharide-inhibited mouse granulosa cell estradiol production. J Reprod Dev 2019; 65:459-465. [PMID: 31406023 PMCID: PMC6815742 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2019-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The decrease in the level of estradiol (E2) in granulosa cells caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the major causes of infertility underlying postpartum uterine
infections; the precise molecular mechanism of which remains elusive. This study investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in LPS-induced E2 decrease in mouse
granulosa cells. Our results showed that LPS increased the pro-inflammatory cytokines [(interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α)], activated ER stress marker
protein expression [(glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP)], and decreased cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1
(Cyp19a1) expression and E2 production. Moreover, inhibition of ER stress by 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) attenuated thapsigargin-(TG, ER stress agonist) or LPS-induced reduction of
Cyp19a1 and E2, pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), and the expression of CHOP and GRP78. Additionally, inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)
by resatorvid (TAK-242) reversed the inhibitory effects of LPS on Cyp19a1 expression and E2 production, activation of GRP78 and CHOP, and expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and
TNF-α. In summary, our study suggests that ER stress is involved in LPS-inhibited E2 production in mouse granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjie Lei
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.,Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
| | - Junbang Ge
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiangguo Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technique in Agricultural Application, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of System Bio-medicine of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332000, China
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6
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Lu E, Li C, Wang J, Zhang C. Inflammation and angiogenesis in the corpus luteum. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2019; 45:1967-1974. [PMID: 31373134 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a very important process that helps establish and maintain the normal structure and function of the corpus luteum (CL). Early luteal development can be considered a kind of physiological injury with an inflammatory response; therefore, the inflammatory response may play an important role in the luteal angiogenesis. The inflammatory response is companied by activated leukocytes and their mediators. For luteal tissue, numerous activated leukocytes such as macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils are present in the early luteal phase and are widely involved in neovascularization. The objective of this review is to describe the role of the inflammatory factors in the angiogenesis and to discuss their mechanism. Knowledge of action and mechanism of these inflammatory factors on angiogenic activity will be beneficial for the understanding of luteal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhang Lu
- Joint Programme of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Forth Clinical College, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunping Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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7
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Brodzki P, Brodzki A, Krakowski L, Dąbrowski R, Szczubiał M, Bochniarz M. Levels of selected cytokines and acute–phase proteins in the serum of dairy cows with cystic ovarian disease and those in follicular and luteal phases of normal ovarian cycle. Res Vet Sci 2019; 123:20-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Galvão AM, Skarzynski D, Ferreira-Dias G. Luteolysis and the Auto-, Paracrine Role of Cytokines From Tumor Necrosis Factor α and Transforming Growth Factor β Superfamilies. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2018; 107:287-315. [PMID: 29544635 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Successful pregnancy establishment demands optimal luteal function in mammals. Nonetheless, regression of the corpus luteum (CL) is absolutely necessary for normal female cyclicity. This dichotomy relies on intricate molecular signals and rapidly activated biological responses, such as angiogenesis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, or programmed cell death. The CL establishment and growth after ovulation depend not only on the luteinizing hormone-mediated endocrine signal but also on a number of auto-, paracrine interactions promoted by cytokines and growth factors like fibroblast growth factor 2, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), which coordinate vascularigenesis and ECM reorganization as well as steroidogenesis. With the organ fully developed, the release of the uterine prostaglandin F2α activates luteolysis, an intricate process supported by intraluteal interactions that ensure the loss of steroidogenic function (functional luteolysis) and the involution of the organ (structural luteolysis). This chapter provides an overview of the local action of cytokines during luteal function, with particular emphasis on the role of TNF and transforming growth factor β superfamilies during luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- António M Galvão
- C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Skarzynski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Graça Ferreira-Dias
- C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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9
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Cells expressing CD4, CD8, MHCII and endoglin in the canine corpus luteum of pregnancy, and prepartum activation of the luteal TNFα system. Theriogenology 2017; 98:123-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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10
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Sakumoto R. Pregnancy-associated changes in uterine-luteal relationships in cows: A mini-review. Reprod Biol 2016; 16:182-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Dentis JL, Schreiber NB, Gilliam JN, Schutz LF, Spicer LJ. Changes in brain ribonuclease (BRB) messenger RNA in granulosa cells (GCs) of dominant vs subordinate ovarian follicles of cattle and the regulation of BRB gene expression in bovine GCs. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2016; 55:32-40. [PMID: 26773365 PMCID: PMC4779677 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Brain ribonuclease (BRB) is a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily that is constitutively expressed in a range of tissues and is the functional homolog of human ribonuclease 1. This study was designed to characterize BRB gene expression in granulosa cells (GCs) during development of bovine dominant ovarian follicles and to determine the hormonal regulation of BRB in GCs. Estrous cycles of Holstein cows (n = 18) were synchronized, and cows were ovariectomized on either day 3 to 4 or day 5 to 6 after ovulation during dominant follicle growth and selection. Ovaries were collected, follicular fluid (FFL) was aspirated, and GCs were collected for RNA isolation and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Follicles were categorized as small (1-5 mm; pooled per ovary), medium (5-8 mm; individually collected), or large (8.1-17 mm; individually collected) based on surface diameter. Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in FFL. Abundance of BRB messenger RNA (mRNA) in GCs was 8.6- to 11.8-fold greater (P < 0.05) in small (n = 31), medium (n = 66), and large (n = 33) subordinate E2-inactive (FFL E2 < P4) follicles than in large (n = 16) dominant E2-active (FFL E2 > P4) follicles. In the largest 4 follicles, GCs BRB mRNA abundance was negatively correlated (P < 0.01) with FFL E2 (r = -0.65) and E2:P4 ratio (r = -0.46). In experiment 2, GCs from large (8-22 mm diameter) and small (1-5 mm diameter) follicles were treated with insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1; 0 or 30 ng/mL) and/or tumor necrosis factor alpha (0 or 30 ng/mL); IGF1 increased (P < 0.05) BRB mRNA abundance, and tumor necrosis factor alpha decreased (P < 0.001) the IGF1-induced BRB mRNA abundance in large-follicle GCs. In experiment 3 to 6, E2, follicle-stimulating hormone, fibroblast growth factor 9, cortisol, wingless 3A, or sonic hedgehog did not affect (P > 0.10) abundance of BRB mRNA in GCs; thyroxine and luteinizing hormone increased (P < 0.05), whereas prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) decreased (P < 0.05) BRB mRNA abundance in small-follicle GCs. Treatment of small-follicle GCs with recombinant human RNase1 increased (P < 0.05) GCs numbers and E2 production. In conclusion, BRB is a hormonally and developmentally regulated gene in bovine GCs and may regulate E2 production during follicular growth in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Dentis
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - N B Schreiber
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - J N Gilliam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - L F Schutz
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - L J Spicer
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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Mehta A, Onteru SK, Singh D. HDAC inhibitor prevents LPS mediated inhibition of CYP19A1 expression and 17β-estradiol production in granulosa cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015. [PMID: 26213324 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
LPS inhibits CYP19A1 expression and 17β-estradiol (E2) production in granulosa cells (GCs). This is one of the major causes of infertility underlying postpartum uterine infections. However, the precise molecular mechanism is not well elucidated. Recently we have shown, buffalo GCs exposed to LPS (1.0 μg/ml) in serum free culture, transiently increased the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) expression, followed by the inhibition of CYP19A1 expression and E2 production. The present study showed that transient increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines was associated with HDACs (gene expression and nuclear activity). Therefore, we tested the hypothesis if Trichostatin A (TSA), a HDAC inhibitor, can attenuate LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and can prevent LPS mediated down-regulation of CYP19A1 expression and E2 in GCs. Results showed that TSA pre-treatment significantly attenuated LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expressions, HDACs (both gene expression and enzyme activity in nucleus) and NF-κB nuclear translocation. Additionally, TSA pre-treatment reversed the inhibitory effect of LPS on CYP19A1 expression and E2 production. CHIP analyses of H3 (Lys 9/14) acetylation of ovary specific CYP19A1 proximal promoter (PII) showed that TSA pre-treatment prevented the LPS mediated H3 deacetylation, thereby increased the acetylation of PII and restored CYP19A1 expression and E2 production. The present study demonstrated that TSA pre-treatment attenuated- LPS induced immune response involving NF-κB and HDACs, and thus prevented inhibition of CYP19A1 expression and E2 production through chromatin remodeling. Our study suggests that HDAC inhibitors could be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat infertility underlying postpartum uterine infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Mehta
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and System Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Department, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Suneel Kumar Onteru
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and System Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Department, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Dheer Singh
- Molecular Endocrinology, Functional Genomics and System Biology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Department, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
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13
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Gupta M, Dangi SS, Chouhan VS, Hyder I, Babitha V, Yadav VP, Khan FA, Sonwane A, Singh G, Das GK, Mitra A, Bag S, Sarkar M. Expression and localization of ghrelin and its functional receptor in corpus luteum during different stages of estrous cycle and the modulatory role of ghrelin on progesterone production in cultured luteal cells in buffalo. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2014; 48:21-32. [PMID: 24906925 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Evidence obtained during recent years provided has insight into the regulation of corpus luteum (CL) development, function, and regression by locally produced ghrelin. The present study was carried out to evaluate the expression and localization of ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R1a) in bubaline CL during different stages of the estrous cycle and investigate the role of ghrelin on progesterone (P4) production along with messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of P4 synthesis intermediates. The mRNA and protein expression of ghrelin and GHS-R1a was significantly greater in mid- and late luteal phases. Both factors were localized in luteal cells, exclusively in the cytoplasm. Immunoreactivity of ghrelin and GHS-R1a was greater during mid- and late luteal phases. Luteal cells were cultured in vitro and treated with ghrelin each at 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL concentrations for 48 h after obtaining 75% to 80% confluence. At a dose of 1 ng/mL, there was no significant difference in P4 secretion between control and treatment group. At 10 and 100 ng/mL, there was a decrease (P < 0.05) in P4 concentration, cytochrome P45011A1 (CYP11A1), and 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase mRNA expression and localization. There was no difference in mRNA expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein between control and treatment group. In summary, the present study provided evidence that ghrelin and its receptor are expressed in bubaline CL and are localized exclusively in the cell cytoplasm and ghrelin has an inhibitory effect on P4 production in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gupta
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - S S Dangi
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - I Hyder
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - V Babitha
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - V P Yadav
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - F A Khan
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - A Sonwane
- Animal Genetics Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - G K Das
- Division of Animal Reproduction, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - A Mitra
- Animal Genetics Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India.
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14
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Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signaling in human and ruminant reproductive tract. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:649702. [PMID: 24744506 PMCID: PMC3973013 DOI: 10.1155/2014/649702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) through activating its G protein-coupled receptors (LPAR 1–6) exerts diverse cellular effects that in turn influence several physiological processes including reproductive function of the female. Studies in various species of animals and also in humans have identified important roles for the receptor-mediated LPA signaling in multiple aspects of human and animal reproductive tract function. These aspects range from ovarian and uterine function, estrous cycle regulation, early embryo development, embryo implantation, decidualization to pregnancy maintenance and parturition. LPA signaling can also have pathological consequences, influencing aspects of endometriosis and reproductive tissue associated tumors. The review describes recent progress in LPA signaling research relevant to human and ruminant reproduction, pointing at the cow as a relevant model to study LPA influence on the human reproductive performance.
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15
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Iwazawa M, Acosta TJ. Effect of elevated temperatures on bovine corpus luteum function: expression of heat-shock protein 70, cell viability and production of progesterone and prostaglandins by cultured luteal cells. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/an13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Summer heat stress lowers fertility in cattle in hot environments by influencing oocyte quality, follicular activity and progesterone (P4) level in blood plasma. However, the mechanisms by which elevated temperature influences corpus luteum function remain unclear. Elevated temperature has generally been known to upregulate the gene expression of heat-shock protein (HSP) 70 in a variety of cell types. To clarify the direct effects of elevated temperature on bovine corpus luteum function, we examined the expressions of HSP70, cell viability and the production of P4 and prostaglandins (PGs) in luteal cells cultured at 37.5°C (normal temperature in our culture system), 39.0°C (moderately elevated temperature) or 41.0°C (severely elevated temperature) for 12 or 24 h. HSP70 mRNA expression was increased by incubation at 39.0°C for 12 h and at 41.0°C for 12 and 24 h, whereas HSP70 protein expression was not significantly affected. The viability of luteal cells cultured for 24 h, measured by flow cytometry with propidium iodide staining, was not significantly affected by temperature. Interestingly, the production of P4 by cultured luteal cells was higher at 39.0°C than at 37.5°C after 12 and 24 h of incubation. The production of PGF2α was higher at 39.0°C and 41.0°C than at 37.5°C after 12 and 24 h of incubation. The production of PGE2 was higher at 41.0°C than at 37.5°C after 24 h of incubation. The overall results suggested that elevated temperature does not negatively affect luteal function, and that the low fertility observed during summer is not due to a direct effect of elevated temperature on luteal cells.
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Suzuki C, Yoshioka K, Yamada M, Miyamoto T, Manabe N. Expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, its receptor I, II and receptor-associated factor 2 in the porcine corpus luteum during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Vet Res Commun 2013; 38:1-10. [PMID: 24057858 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-013-9575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We examined the gene and protein levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, its receptors (types I and II, designated TNF-RI and TNF-RII, respectively), TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) and morphological features in the porcine corpus luteum (CL), on Days 13 and 17 (Day 0 = the last day of estrus) of the estrous cycle or of early pregnancy. Gene expression levels of TNF-α, TNF-RI, TNF-RII and TRAF2 were unaffected by the day or reproductive status. TNF-α concentration was significantly higher in the CL on Day 17 of pregnancy than on Day 13 of pregnancy and on day 17 of the estrous cycle. The TNF-RI protein level was significantly higher in the CL on Days 13 and 17 of pregnancy than those of the estrous cycle, significantly increasing on Day 17 compared with those on Day 13 in pregnancy. In relation to TNF-RII protein levels, although there were no change during pregnancy, there was a tendency (P = 0.0524) to up-regulate as pregnancy proceeded. In estrous cycle, TNF-RII protein levels decreased significantly as luteolysis proceeded. TRAF2 protein level was significantly higher in the CL on Days 13 and 17 of pregnancy than during estrous. There were few apoptotic bodies in the CL between Days 13 and 17 of pregnancy than during esrous. There were few apoptotic bodies in the CL between Days 13 and 17 of pregnancy. The number of apoptotic bodies was much greater than the CL on Day 17 of the estrous than those of pregnancy. Thus, the TNF-α and TNF-RI and TNF-RII pathways including the TRAF2 protein, known to control of cell differentiation, tissue renewal and apoptosis, might participate in maintaining the porcine CL during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Suzuki
- Pathology and Pathophysiology Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan,
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17
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Woclawek-Potocka I, Kowalczyk-Zieba I, Tylingo M, Boruszewska D, Sinderewicz E, Skarzynski DJ. Effects of lysophopatidic acid on tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ action in the bovine corpus luteum. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 377:103-11. [PMID: 23856004 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of LPA on TNFα and IFNγ - induced decrease of P4 synthesis and on the cytokine - induced apoptosis of the cultured luteal cells. In the steroidogenic luteal cells LPA reversed the inhibitory effect of TNFα and IFNγ on P4 synthesis and also inhibited the stimulatory effects of TNFα and IFNγ on the expression of Bax, TNFR1, Fas and FasL as well as caspase 3 activity. These results suggest that TNFα and IFNγ cannot induce apoptosis in the presence of LPA, which orientates the steroidogenic luteal cells towards the survival state. In conclusion our results indicate that LPA supports P4 synthesis and action in the bovine CL.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Caspase 3/genetics
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Caspase 8/genetics
- Caspase 8/metabolism
- Cattle
- Cell Separation
- Cells, Cultured
- Corpus Luteum/cytology
- Corpus Luteum/drug effects
- Corpus Luteum/enzymology
- Corpus Luteum/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Lysophospholipids/pharmacology
- Progesterone/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Woclawek-Potocka
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Skarzynski DJ, Piotrowska-Tomala KK, Lukasik K, Galvão A, Farberov S, Zalman Y, Meidan R. Growth and Regression in Bovine Corpora Lutea: Regulation by Local Survival and Death Pathways. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 48 Suppl 1:25-37. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DJ Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research; Polish Academy of Sciences; Olsztyn; Poland
| | - KK Piotrowska-Tomala
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research; Polish Academy of Sciences; Olsztyn; Poland
| | - K Lukasik
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research; Polish Academy of Sciences; Olsztyn; Poland
| | - A Galvão
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research; Polish Academy of Sciences; Olsztyn; Poland
| | - S Farberov
- Department of Animal Sciences; The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot; Israel
| | - Y Zalman
- Department of Animal Sciences; The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot; Israel
| | - R Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences; The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Rehovot; Israel
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19
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Cytokines and angiogenesis in the corpus luteum. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:420186. [PMID: 23840095 PMCID: PMC3693155 DOI: 10.1155/2013/420186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In adults, physiological angiogenesis is a rare event, with few exceptions as the vasculogenesis needed for tissue growth and function in female reproductive organs. Particularly in the corpus luteum (CL), regulation of angiogenic process seems to be tightly controlled by opposite actions resultant from the balance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors. It is the extremely rapid sequence of events that determines the dramatic changes on vascular and nonvascular structures, qualifying the CL as a great model for angiogenesis studies. Using the mare CL as a model, reports on locally produced cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF), interferon gamma (IFNG), or Fas ligand (FASL), pointed out their role on angiogenic activity modulation throughout the luteal phase. Thus, the main purpose of this review is to highlight the interaction between immune, endothelial, and luteal steroidogenic cells, regarding vascular dynamics/changes during establishment and regression of the equine CL.
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Walusimbi SS, Pate JL. Physiology and Endocrinology Symposium: role of immune cells in the corpus luteum. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:1650-9. [PMID: 23422006 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-6179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is essential for optimal function of the reproductive system. The corpus luteum (CL) is an endocrine organ that secretes progesterone, which is responsible for regulating the length of the estrous cycle, and for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals. This paper reviews literature that addresses 2 areas; i) how immune cells are recruited to the CL, and ii) how immune cells communicate with luteal cells to affect the formation, development, and regression of the CL. Immune cells, primarily recruited to the ovulatory follicle from lymphoid organs after the LH surge, facilitate ovulation and populate the developing CL. During the luteal phase, changes in the population of macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes occur at critical functional stages of the CL. In addition to their role in facilitating ovulation, immune cells may have an important role in luteal function. Evidence shows that cytokines secreted by immune cells modulate both luteotropic and luteolytic processes. However, the decision to pursue either function may depend on the environment provided by luteal cells. It is suggested that understanding the role immune cells play could lead to identification of new strategies to improve fertility in dairy cattle and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Walusimbi
- Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
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21
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Abe M, Hojo T, Kozai K, Okuda K. Possible role of insulin-like factor 3 in the bovine corpus luteum. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 75:629-32. [PMID: 23220928 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is a local regulator in mammalian gonads, but little is known of its function in bovine corpus luteum (CL). Here, we show that RXFP2 protein, the receptor of INSL3, was expressed throughout the estrous cycle and significantly high at the early luteal stage compared to the regressed luteal stage. INSL3 stimulated progesterone secretion, but not prostaglandin F2α and viability in cultured luteal cells. Together, these results suggest that INSL3 plays a luteotropic role as a local regulator in the bovine CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Abe
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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22
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Galvão A, Henriques S, Pestka D, Lukasik K, Skarzynski D, Mateus LM, Ferreira-Dias GML. Equine Luteal Function Regulation May Depend on the Interaction Between Cytokines and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: An In Vitro Study1. Biol Reprod 2012; 86:187. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.097147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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23
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Galvão A, Skarzynski D, Szóstek A, Silva E, Tramontano A, Mollo A, Mateus L, Ferreira-Dias G. Cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ participate in modulation of the equine corpus luteum as autocrine and paracrine factors. J Reprod Immunol 2012; 93:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Huang Y, Tang X, Xie W, Zhou Y, Li D, Yao C, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Lai L, Ouyang H, Pang D. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Significantly Improved the Cloning Efficiency of Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2011; 13:513-20. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2011.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yongye Huang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanhua Xie
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaogang Yao
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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25
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Sakumoto R, Vermehren M, Kenngott RA, Okuda K, Sinowatz F. Localization of gene and protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α and tumor necrosis factor receptor types I and II in the bovine corpus luteum during the estrous cycle1. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:3040-7. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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26
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In vivo intra-luteal implants of prostaglandin (PG) E1 or E2 (PGE1, PGE2) prevent luteolysis in cows. I. Luteal weight, circulating progesterone, mRNA for luteal luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor, and occupied and unoccupied luteal receptors for LH. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2011; 95:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Szóstek AZ, Siemieniuch MJ, Deptula K, Woclawek-Potocka I, Majewska M, Okuda K, Skarzynski DJ. Ovarian steroids modulate tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide-regulated prostaglandin secretion by cultured bovine oviductal epithelial cells. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2011; 41:14-23. [PMID: 21420267 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian steroids assure an optimum environment for the final maturation of oocytes, gamete transport, fertilization, and early embryonic development. The aim of experiment 1 was to examine the influence of ovarian steroids on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)- or nitric oxide (NO)-regulated prostaglandin (PG), and nitrite/nitrate (NO₂/NO₃) secretion by cultured bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOECs). BOECs were pretreated with 17β-estradiol (E₂; 10⁻⁹ M) and/or progesterone (P₄; 10⁻⁷ M) for 24 h. For the next 24 h, BOECs were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) or spermine nitric oxide complex (NONOate; 10⁻⁵ M). Prostaglandin F(2α) and PGE₂ secretion was measured in medium by ELISA. The pretreatment of cells with P₄ (progesterone), E₂ (17 β-estradiol), or E₂/P₄ augmented TNF-α-induced PGF(2α) and PGE₂ secretion (P < 0.01). The pretreatment of cells with E₂ or E₂/P₄ increased NONOate-induced PGF(2α) and PGE₂ secretion (P < 0.01). TNF-α induced NO₂/NO₃ production by BOECs. The pretreatment of cells with E₂ augmented only TNF-α-induced NO₂/NO₃ production (P < 0.05). The aim of experiment 2 was to examine the influence of TNF-α, NO, and ovarian steroids on the protein content of enzymes specifically involved in PG and NO production, PG synthases, and NO synthases (NOSs). BOECs were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) or NONOate (10⁻⁵ M). TNF-α increased the protein content of PGG/H synthase, PGF synthase, and PGE synthase (P < 0.05) and endothelial and inducible NOSs (P < 0.05). Nitric oxide increased the protein content of PGF synthase, PGE synthase, endothelial NOS, and inducible NOS (P < 0.05). These results show possible linkage between TNF-α and NO, modulated by ovarian steroids, in the regulation of PG synthesis by BOECs that may be important for triggering the process of oviductal contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Z Szóstek
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn 10-747, Poland
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28
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Szóstek AZ, Lukasik K, Majewska M, Bah MM, Znaniecki R, Okuda K, Skarzynski DJ. Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibits the stimulatory effect of luteinizing hormone and prostaglandin E(2) on progesterone secretion by the bovine corpus luteum. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2011; 40:183-91. [PMID: 21256693 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is involved in the tissue remodeling that occurs in the corpus luteum (CL) during its development and regression. This cytokine is also implicated in the regulation of reproduction by its actions on ovarian steroidogenic cells. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of TNF-α on (1) progesterone (P(4)) output by the bovine CL and on (2) the responsiveness of the CL to LH or prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in vitro. In experiment 1, CL (days 8 to 10 of the estrous cycle) were perfused by using an in vitro microdialysis system with TNF-α (0.1, 0.5, or 1 μg/mL) alone or with TNF-α (1 μg/mL) followed by LH (1000 ng/mL) or PGE(2) (2 × 10(-5) M). Basal P(4) release (P < 0.05) was increased by TNF-α (0.5 or 1 μg/mL). Moreover, TNF-α (1 μg/mL) inhibited the stimulatory effect of LH or PGE(2) on P(4) output (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, 4 h after intrauterine infusion of TNF-α (0.01 μg/mL or 1 μg/mL), CL (days 8 to 10 of the estrous cycle) were collected by colpotomy, cultured, and stimulated with LH (10 ng/mL) or PGE(2) (10(-6) M). Intrauterine infusion of TNF-α at a concentration of 1 μg/mL increased basal P(4) output by CL (P < 0.05). Moreover, the intrauterine infusion of TNF-α at a concentration of 0.01 μg/mL inhibited the stimulatory effect of LH or PGE(2) on P(4) output (P < 0.05). These results indicate that TNF-α (1) does not have an effect on the autonomous, pulsatile release of P(4); (2) increases P(4) secretion by bovine CL with increasing doses, and (3) reduces in a dose-dependent manner the responsiveness of CL to luteotropic factors both directly (after infusion to CL) and indirectly (after intrauterine infusion).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Z Szóstek
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Olsztyn, Poland
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29
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Ferreira-Dias G, Costa AS, Mateus L, Korzekwa AJ, Galvão A, Redmer DA, Lukasik K, Szóstek AZ, Woclawek-Potocka I, Skarzynski DJ. Nitric oxide stimulates progesterone and prostaglandin E2 secretion as well as angiogenic activity in the equine corpus luteum. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2011; 40:1-9. [PMID: 20961721 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) are potential mediators of luteal development and maintenance, angiogenesis, and blood flow. The aim of this study was to evaluate (i) the localization and protein expression of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases (eNOS and iNOS) in equine corpora lutea (CL) throughout the luteal phase and (ii) the effect of a nitric oxide donor (spermine NONOate, NONOate) on the production of progesterone (P4) and prostaglandin (PG) E(2) and factor(s) that stimulate endothelial cell proliferation using equine luteal explants. Luteal tissue was classified as corpora hemorrhagica (CH; n = 5), midluteal phase CL (mid-CL; n = 5) or late luteal phase CL (late CL; n = 5). Both eNOS and iNOS were localized in large luteal cells and endothelial cells throughout the luteal phase. The expression of eNOS was the lowest in mid-CL (P < 0.05) and the highest in late CL (P < 0.05). However, no change was found for iNOS expression. Luteal explants were cultured with no hormone added or with NONOate (10(-5) M), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα; 10 ng/mL; positive control), or equine LH (100 ng/mL; positive control). Conditioned media by luteal tissues were assayed for P4 and PGE(2) and for their ability to stimulate proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC). All treatments stimulated release of P4 in CH, but not in mid-CL. TNFα and NONOate treatments also increased PGE(2) levels and BAEC proliferation in CH (P < 0.05). However, in mid-CL, no changes were observed, regardless of the treatments used. These data suggest that NO and TNFα stimulate equine CH secretory functions and the production of angiogenic factor(s). Furthermore, in mares, NO may play a role in CL growth during early luteal development, when vascular development is more intense.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ferreira-Dias
- CIISA, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, TULisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Pate JL, Toyokawa K, Walusimbi S, Brzezicka E. The interface of the immune and reproductive systems in the ovary: lessons learned from the corpus luteum of domestic animal models. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 64:275-86. [PMID: 20712810 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2010.00906.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic changes that characterize the female reproductive system are regulated by hormones. However, local cell-to-cell interactions may mediate responsiveness of tissues to hormonal signals. The corpus luteum (CL) is an excellent model for understanding how immune cells are recruited into tissues and the role played by those cells in regulating tissue homeostasis or demise. Leukocytes are recruited into the CL throughout its lifespan, and leukocyte-derived cytokines have been found in corpora lutea of all species examined. The proinflammatory cytokines inhibit gonadotropin-stimulated steroidogenesis, profoundly stimulate prostaglandin synthesis by luteal cells, and promote apoptosis. However, there is mounting evidence that leukocytes and luteal cells communicate in different ways to maintain homeostasis within the functional CL. Domestic animals have provided important information regarding the presence and role of immune cells in the CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy L Pate
- Department of Dairy and Animal Science, Center for Reproductive Biology and Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA.
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31
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Rekawiecki R, Nowocin A, Kotwica J. Relationship between concentrations of progesterone, oxytocin, noradrenaline, gene expression and protein level for their receptors in corpus luteum during estrous cycle in the cow. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2010; 92:13-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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Sakumoto R, Ito S, Komatsu T. Possible actions of corticotropin-releasing hormone in regulating porcine corpus luteum function. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 72:1173-7. [PMID: 20431270 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine whether corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) influences porcine corpus luteum function. The gene expressions of CRH receptors (CRH-R) were determined in the CLs of Chinese Meishan pigs during the estrous cycle. The effects of CRH on progesterone (P), estradiol-17β (E) and prostaglandin (PG) F(2α) secretion by cultured luteal cells were also investigated. Messenger RNAs of the CRH-R were clearly expressed in the CL throughout the estrous cycle, and the mRNA level was higher at the regressed stage than at the other stages (P<0.05). When the cultured luteal cells obtained from the mid-luteal stage CL (days 8-11) were exposed to CRH (50-5000 ng/ml), P secretion by the cells was significantly reduced at the highest dose (P<0.05), whereas CRH had no effect on E and PGF(2α) secretion by the cells. The overall results suggest that CRH inhibits local P production from luteal cells via its specific CRH-R, implying that CRH plays some roles in regulating porcine CL function during the estrous cycle, especially in the period of luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sakumoto
- Reproductive Biology Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan.
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NISHIMURA R, OKUDA K. Hypoxia is Important for Establishing Vascularization During Corpus Luteum Formation in Cattle. J Reprod Dev 2010; 56:110-6. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-162e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo NISHIMURA
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Kiyoshi OKUDA
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
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Kliem H, Berisha B, Meyer HHD, Schams D. Regulatory changes of apoptotic factors in the bovine corpus luteum after induced luteolysis. Mol Reprod Dev 2009; 76:220-30. [PMID: 18563705 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The corpus luteum (CL) offers the opportunity to study not only proliferative, but also regressive processes. During luteolysis of the CL a sudden death of luteal and endothelial cells seems to be involved (apoptosis). The aim of this study was to examen the mRNA expression of factors known to be involved in apoptotic processes: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), factors of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, caspase3, -6, -7 and interferone gamma (IFNgamma). Luteolysis was induced by injection of 500 microg Cloprostenol during mid-luteal phase. The CLs were collected at 0.5, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 64 hr after PGF2alpha-injection. Control CLs (Days 8-12) were collected at the slaugtherhouse. Real-time RT-PCR determined the mRNA expressions. Western blot analysis of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) and IFNgamma as well as protein measurement of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) by EIA were performed. The mRNA levels of MCP-1, IFNgamma and most factors of the extrinsic pathway were significantly increased between 0.5 and 2 hr. The factors of the intrinsic pathway were mostly later up-regulated at 24-48 hr after PGF2alpha. Caspase6 and 3 revealed a significant increase from 2 and 12 hr, respectively, whereas caspase7 was significantly up-regulated after 24 hr. The protein level of TNFalpha increased significantly to a maximum level at 12 hr. The Western blot revealed an increasing level of an 89 kDa fragment of PARP-1 from 12 to 24 hr, which is specific for apoptosis. We assume that the extrinsic pathway is more important for the onset of luteolysis, because of its earlier and higher increase during induced luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kliem
- Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
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Siemieniuch MJ, Woclawek-Potocka I, Deptula K, Okuda K, Skarzynski DJ. Effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide on prostaglandins secretion by the bovine oviduct differ in the isthmus and ampulla and depend on the phase of the estrous cycle. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2009; 234:1056-66. [PMID: 19596830 DOI: 10.3181/0901-rm-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the possible roles of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and nitric oxide (NO) in the bovine oviduct, ampulla and isthmus collected during the estrous cycle were exposed for 18 h to TNFalpha, NO donor (NONOate), NO synthase inhibitors (L-NOARG, L-NAME and AMT) and oxytocin (OT) as a positive control. Prostaglandins (PGs) and NO(2)/NO(3) in conditioned media were measured. TNFalpha stimulated PGF(2alpha) secretion on Day 0 (onset of estrus = Day 0) and Days 2-3, in both the ampulla and isthmus, but on Days 18-20 only in ampulla. TNFalpha increased PGE(2) secretion in both fragments in each phase. NONOate did not affect PGF(2alpha) secretion on Days 18-20, whereas this NO donor stimulated PGF(2alpha) secretion in both fragments on Day 0 and Days 2-3. TNFalpha increased NO(2)/NO(3) production in every examined phase in the ampulla and on Days 2-3 in the isthmus. L-NAME lowered NO(2)/NO(3) production regardless of phase or fragment. L-NOARG and AMT lowered NO(2)/NO(3) production in both fragments on Day 0 and Days 2-3. The possible role of TNFalpha, NO or PGs on the oviductal contractility during the early-luteal phase was also examined. Neither TNFalpha nor NONOate influenced contractility in either fragment. Although PGF(2alpha) stimulated the contraction in both fragments, PGE(2) decreased it. When taken together, TNFalpha seems to play some role as a modulator of PGF(2alpha) and PGE(2) production and for transferring the embryo from the oviduct to the uterus by stimulating NO production in the bovine oviduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta J Siemieniuch
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland
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Peluffo MC, Young KA, Hennebold JD, Stouffer RL. Expression and regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF-receptor family members in the macaque corpus luteum during the menstrual cycle. Mol Reprod Dev 2009; 76:367-78. [PMID: 18932199 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor (R) family may be involved in the tissue remodeling that occurs in the primate corpus luteum (CL) during development and regression. As a first step towards addressing this issue, studies assessed TNF ligand-R expression and regulation in CL collected from monkeys during the early (ECL, Days 3-5), mid (MCL, Days 7-8), mid-late (MLCL, Days 10-11), late (LCL, Days 14-16), and very late (VLCL, menses) luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. CL were also collected after gonadotropin and/or steroid ablation and replacement (with hLH and the progestin R5020) for 3 days at mid-late luteal phase. TNF-alpha, -beta, FAS ligand (FASL), and TNF-R1 mRNA levels were two- to sixfold greater (P < 0.05) at the MLCL or LCL phase as compared to earlier (ECL, MCL). In contrast, TNF-R2 and FAS mRNA levels did not change during the luteal phase. Immunohistochemical staining for TNF-beta, TNF-R1, TNF-R2, FAS, and FASL was observed in luteal cells, whereas only TNF-beta staining was observed in endothelial cells. Several TNF-R components were influenced by LH and/or steroid ablation; notably, steroid ablation reduced (P < 0.05) luteal TNF-alpha, but not TNF-beta, mRNA levels, which was prevented by progestin treatment. In contrast, steroid ablation increased (P < 0.05) luteal cell immunostaining for FAS and FASL, which was reduced by progestin treatment. Thus, several members of the TNF R-ligand family are expressed in the primate CL in an LH- and/or progestin-dependent manner. Peak expression in the late luteal phase may signify a role for the TNF-R system in death receptor-mediated apoptosis during luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina C Peluffo
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, USA
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Skarzynski DJ, Ferreira-Dias G, Okuda K. Regulation of luteal function and corpus luteum regression in cows: hormonal control, immune mechanisms and intercellular communication. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43 Suppl 2:57-65. [PMID: 18638105 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The main function of the corpus luteum (CL) is production of progesterone (P4). Adequate luteal function to secrete P4 is crucial for determining the physiological duration of the oestrous cycle and for achieving a successful pregnancy. The bovine CL grows very fast and regresses within a few days at luteolysis. Mechanisms controlling development and secretory function of the bovine CL may involve many factors that are produced both within and outside the CL. Some of these regulators seem to be prostaglandins (PGs), oxytocin, growth and adrenergic factors. Moreover, there is evidence that P4 acts within the CL as an autocrine or paracrine regulator. Each of these factors may act on the CL independently or may modify the actions of others. Although uterine PGF(2 alpha) is known to be a principal luteolytic factor, its direct action on the CL is mediated by local factors: cytokines, endothelin-1, nitric oxide. The changes in ovarian blood flow have also been suggested to have some role in regulation of CL development, maintenance and regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland.
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Abdo M, Hisheh S, Arfuso F, Dharmarajan A. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, its receptors and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein during corpus luteum regression. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2008; 6:50. [PMID: 18990246 PMCID: PMC2584631 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-6-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corpus luteum (CL) regression is known to occur as two parts; functional regression when steroidogenesis declines and structural regression when apoptosis is induced. Previous studies suggest this process occurs by the production of luteolytic factors, such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). METHODS We examined TNF-alpha, TNF-alpha receptors (TNFR1 and 2) and steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein expression during CL regression in albino Wistar rats. CL from Days 16 and 22 of pregnancy and Day 3 post-partum were examined, in addition CL from Day 16 of pregnancy were cultured in vitro to induce apoptosis. mRNA was quantitated by kinetic RT-PCR and protein expression examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. RESULTS TNF-alpha mRNA increased on Day 3 post-partum. TNFR were immunolocalized to luteal cells, and an increase in TNFR2 mRNA observed on Day 3 post-partum whilst no change was detected in TNFR1 mRNA relative to Day 16. StAR protein decreased on Day 3 post-partum and following trophic withdrawal but no change was observed following exogenous TNF-alpha treatment. StAR mRNA decreased on Day 3 post-partum; however, it increased following trophic withdrawal and TNF-alpha treatment in vitro. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the existence of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in rat CL and suggest the involvement of TNF-alpha in rat CL regression following parturition. Furthermore, decreased StAR expression over the same time points was consistent with the functional regression of the CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Abdo
- School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Susan Hisheh
- School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- School of Anatomy and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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The influence of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) on the secretory function of bovine corpus luteum: TNF and its receptors expression during the estrous cycle. Reprod Biol 2008; 8:245-62. [DOI: 10.1016/s1642-431x(12)60015-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kowalczyk AE, Kaczmarek MM, Schams D, Ziecik AJ. Effect of prostaglandin E2and tumor necrosis factor α on the VEGF-Receptor system expression in cultured porcine luteal cells. Mol Reprod Dev 2008; 75:1558-66. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Sakumoto R, Ito S, Okuda K. Changes in expression of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1, type-2 and glucocorticoid receptor mRNAs in porcine corpus luteum during the estrous cycle. Mol Reprod Dev 2008; 75:925-30. [PMID: 18033680 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine whether glucocorticoid (GC) and its receptor (GC-R) are expressed in the porcine corpus luteum (CL), and whether GC influences porcine luteal hormone production. The gene expressions of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-HSD1), type 2 (11-HSD2), GC-R, and the concentrations of GC were determined in the CL of Chinese Meishan pigs during the estrous cycle. Moreover, the effects of GC on progesterone (P(4)), estradiol-17beta (E(2)), and prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha secretion by cultured luteal cells were investigated. Messenger RNAs of the 11-HSD1, 11-HSD2, and GC-R were clearly expressed in the CL throughout the estrous cycle. The 11-HSD1 mRNA level in the CL was higher at the regressed stage than at the other stages (P < 0.05), whereas 11-HSD2 mRNA was lower at the regressed stage than at the other stages (P < 0.05). GC-R mRNA level was higher at the regressed stages than at the other stages (P < 0.01). Concentrations of GC were lower in the regressed CL than in the other stages (P < 0.01). When the cultured luteal cells obtained from mid-stage CL (Days 8-11) were exposed to GC (50-5,000 ng/ml), P(4) and PGF2alpha secretion by the cells were reduced (P < 0.05), whereas GC had no effect on E(2) secretion by the cells. The overall results suggest that GC is regulated locally by 11-HSD1 and 11-HSD2 in the porcine CL. GC inhibits P(4) and PGF2alpha production from luteal cells via their specific receptors, implying GC plays some roles in regulating porcine CL function throughout the estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sakumoto
- Reproductive Biology Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Skarzynski DJ, Piotrowska KK, Bah MM, Korzekwa A, Woclawek-Potocka I, Sawai K, Okuda K. Effects of exogenous tumour necrosis factor-alpha on the secretory function of the bovine reproductive tract depend on tumour necrosis factor-alpha concentrations. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 44:371-9. [PMID: 18564315 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.01016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of study was to correlate tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) infused doses used with the TNF concentrations achieved and with the secretory function of both the ovary and the uterus in cows. We evaluated the concentrations of progesterone (P4), prostaglandin (PG)F(2alpha), PGE(2) nitric oxide (NO) and TNF in the jugular vein and vena cava caudalis as parameters of exogenous TNF action on the female reproductive tract. Aortae abdominalis of cows (n = 18) were infused with saline or two doses of TNF (luteolytic--1 microg or luteotrophic--10 microg). In the peripheral blood, 1 microg TNF concentrations achieved within the range of 30-45 pg/ml, and 10 microg TNF provoked a sharp increase in achieved concentrations at a range of 250-450 pg/mL). The TNF concentrations achieved in vena cava caudalis were five to six times higher than that in peripheral blood (p < 0.001). One microgram TNF increased PGF(2alpha) and NO (p < 0.001) and decreased P4 (p < 0.05). The higher TNF dose stimulated P4 and PGE(2) (p < 0.01). TNF infusion at luteolytic dose achieved its concentrations at the physiological range previously observed in cows. Luteotrophic TNF dose achieved the concentrations in vena cava caudalis that are much higher than physiological level and were previously noted in pathological circumstances (i.e. mastitis, metritis).
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, PAS, Tuwima-St 10, Olsztyn 10-747, Poland.
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Bowolaksono A, Nishimura R, Hojo T, Sakumoto R, Acosta TJ, Okuda K. Anti-apoptotic roles of prostaglandin E2 and F2alpha in bovine luteal steroidogenic cells. Biol Reprod 2008; 79:310-7. [PMID: 18463360 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.066084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of prostaglandins (PGs) and expression of their receptors have been demonstrated in bovine corpus luteum (CL). The aim of the present study was to determine whether PGE2 and PGF2alpha have roles in bovine luteal steroidogenic cell (LSC) apoptosis. Cultured bovine LSCs obtained at the midluteal stage (Days 8-12 of the cycle) were treated for 24 h with PGE2 (0.001-1 microM) and PGF2alpha (0.001-1 microM). Prostaglandin E2 (1 microM) and PGF2alpha (1 microM) significantly stimulated progesterone (P4) production and reduced the levels of cell death in the cells cultured with or without tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)/interferon gamma (IFNG), in the presence and absence of FAS ligand (P < 0.05). Furthermore, DNA fragmentation induced by TNF/IFNG was observed to be suppressed by PGE2 and PGF2alpha. Prostaglandin E2 and PGF2alpha also attenuated mRNA expression of caspase 3 and caspase 8, as well as caspase 3 activity (P < 0.05) in TNF/IFNG-treated cells. FAS mRNA and protein expression were decreased only by PGF2alpha (P < 0.05). A specific P4 receptor antagonist (onapristone) attenuated the apoptosis-inhibitory effects of PGE2 and PGF2alpha in the absence of TNF/IFNG (P < 0.05). A PG synthesis inhibitor (indomethacin) reduced cell viability in PGE2- and PGF2alpha-treated cells (P < 0.05). A specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (PTGS), PTGS2 (NS-398), also reduced cell viability, whereas an inhibitor of PTGS1 (FR122047) did not affect it. The overall results suggest that PGE2 and PGF2alpha locally play luteoprotective roles in bovine CL by suppressing apoptosis of LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anom Bowolaksono
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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KORZEKWA A, WOCLAWEK-POTOCKA I, OKUDA K, ACOSTA TJ, SKARZYNSKI DJ. Nitric oxide in bovine corpus luteum: Possible mechanisms of action in luteolysis. Anim Sci J 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2007.00430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Cannon MJ, Davis JS, Pate JL. The class II major histocompatibility complex molecule BoLA-DR is expressed by endothelial cells of the bovine corpus luteum. Reproduction 2007; 133:991-1003. [PMID: 17616728 DOI: 10.1530/rep-06-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cells expressing class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are found within the corpus luteum (CL) of several species. Expression and localization of class II MHC molecules in the bovine CL were examined in the present study. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed class II MHC molecules on single cells in early CL (days 4 and 5 post-estrus). Two class II MHC-expressing cell types were observed in midcycle CL (days 10–12 post-estrus), single cells similar to those observed in the early CL, and endothelial cells. Not all endothelial cells expressed class II MHC, and further investigation revealed expression of only one type of class II MHC molecule, DR, on endothelial cells. Class II MHC was also localized to endothelial cells in late CL (day 18 post-estrus). Steroidogenic luteal cells were negative for class II MHC throughout the estrous cycle. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed higher (P< 0.05) concentrations of mRNA encoding the α-subunit of DR (DRA) in late CL when compared with those in the early CL.DRAmRNA abundance was also measured in cultures of mixed luteal and luteal endothelial (CLENDO) cells, in the presence or absence of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF). No differences were found in theDRAmRNA concentration between mixed luteal and CLENDO cell cultures, and TNF had no effect onDRAmRNA concentration in both cell types. Expression of DR by endothelial cells of the midcycle CL may induce anergy of T lymphocytes, or stimulate them to secrete products that enhance normal luteal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Cannon
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
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Chae H, Hong SH, Hong SH, Kim SH, Kim CH, Kang BM, Lee JY. Influence of tumor necrosis factor-α on estradiol, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor-II, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1, 2, and 3 in cultured human luteinized granulosa cells. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2007; 131:176-81. [PMID: 16891052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2005] [Revised: 03/29/2006] [Accepted: 05/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate the influence of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha on estradiol, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-1, 2, and 3 in cultured human luteinized granulosa cells. STUDY DESIGN Human luteinized granulosa cells were obtained from follicular fluid by transvaginal oocyte aspiration from infertile patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The cells were cultured for 72 h with TNF-alpha at concentrations of 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 ng/ml. The cells not treated with TNF-alpha served as controls. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to examine the influence of TNF-alpha on estradiol, progesterone, IGF-II, and IGFBP-1, 2, and 3. Results were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. RESULTS The concentrations of progesterone seemed to decrease as the concentrations of TNF-alpha increased and the concentration of progesterone in the 100.0 ng/ml TNF-alpha group was significantly lower than that in the control and other TNF-alpha groups. The expressions of IGF-II mRNA in the 10.0 and 100.0 ng/ml TNF-alpha groups were significantly lower than that in the control group. The expressions of IGFBP-2 mRNA seemed to be decreased in the 10.0 and 100.0 ng/ml TNF-alpha groups compared with that in the control group, but there were no statistical significances. CONCLUSION TNF-alpha may play a role as a regulator of human ovarian physiology by modulating the IGF systems in luteinized granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heedong Chae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138, Republic of Korea.
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Shibaya M, Matsuda A, Hojo T, Acosta TJ, Okuda K. Expressions of Estrogen Receptors in the Bovine Corpus Luteum: Cyclic Changes and Effects of Prostaglandin F2.ALPHA. and Cytokines. J Reprod Dev 2007; 53:1059-68. [PMID: 17598955 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen (E) exerts its function by binding to two intracellular estrogen receptors, ERalpha and ERbeta. Although ERs have been reported to be expressed in the bovine corpus luteum (CL), the mechanisms that control ER expression in the bovine CL are not fully understood. To determine the possible regulatory mechanisms of ERalpha and ERbeta that meditate distinct E functions, we examined 1) the changes in the protein expressions of ERs in the CL throughout the luteal phase and 2) the effects of prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) on the expressions of ERs in cultured bovine luteal cells. Western blot analyses revealed that ERalpha and ERbeta proteins were expressed throughout the luteal phase. The ERalpha protein level was high at the early luteal (Days 2-3 after ovulation) and mid-luteal stages (Days 8-12) and was extremely low at the regressed luteal stage (Days 19-21). The ERbeta protein level increased from the early to developing luteal stage, remained at the same level at the mid-luteal stage and decreased thereafter. The ratio of ERbeta to ERalpha was higher in the regressed stage than in the other stages. Luteal cells obtained from mid-stage CLs (Days 8-12) were incubated with PGF2alpha (0.01-1 microM), TNFalpha (0.0145-1.45 nM) or IFNgamma (0.0125-1.25 nM) for 24 h. PGF2alpha and TNFalpha inhibited ERa and ERbeta mRNA expressions. IFNgamma suppressed ERbeta mRNA expression but did not affect the expression of ERalpha mRNA. However, the ERalpha and ERbeta protein levels were not affected by any of the above treatments. These data indicate that PGF2alpha, TNFalpha and IFNgamma regulate ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA expressions in bovine luteal cells. Moreover, the changes in the ERbeta/ERalpha ratio throughout the luteal phase suggest that ERalpha is associated with luteal maintenance. Therefore, a dramatic decrease in ERalpha at the regressed luteal stage could result in progression of structural luteolysis in the bovine CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Shibaya
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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48
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Skarzynski DJ, Woclawek-Potocka I, Korzekwa A, Bah MM, Piotrowska K, Barszczewska B, Okuda K. Infusion of exogenous tumor necrosis factor dose dependently alters the length of the luteal phase in cattle: differential responses to treatment with indomethacin and L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Biol Reprod 2006; 76:619-27. [PMID: 17192516 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.106.053280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined whether prostaglandins (PGs) and nitric oxide (NO) mediate tumor necrosis factor (TNF) actions in the estrus cycle. On Day 14 of the cycle, the following solutions were infused into the aorta abdominalis of a total of 51 heifers (Experiments 1 and 2): saline; 1 or 10 microg of TNF; 480 mg indomethacin (INDO), an inhibitor of prostaglandin H synthase; 800 mg L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthase; and TNF (1 or 10 microg) in combination with INDO or L-NAME. TNF at 1 microg infused directly into aorta abdominalis increased the level of PGF(2alpha) and decreased the level of progesterone (P4) in the peripheral blood and shortened the estrus cycle. The high TNF dose stimulated P4 and PGE(2) and prolonged the corpus luteum (CL) lifespan. INDO blocked the effects of both TNF doses on the CL lifespan and hormone output. L-NAME completely blocked the effects of the luteolytic TNF dose, whereas the effects of the luteotropic TNF dose were not inhibited. In Experiment 3 (Day 14), saline or different TNF doses were infused into the jugular vein (n = 9) or into the uterine lumen (n = 18). The CL lifespans of the different groups were not different when TNF was infused into the jugular vein. Although high TNF doses (1 and 10 microg) infused into the uterine lumen prolonged the CL lifespan, low doses (0.01 and 0.1 microg) induced premature luteolysis. We suggest that the actions of exogenous TNF on the CL lifespan depend on PG synthesis stimulated by TNF in the uterus. TNF at low concentrations initiates a positive cascade between uterine PGF(2alpha) and various luteolytic factors, including NO, to complete premature luteolysis. PGE(2) is a good candidate mediator of the luteotropic actions of exogenous TNF action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz J Skarzynski
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, PAS, Olsztyn 10-747, Poland.
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Lan GC, Chang ZL, Luo MJ, Jiang YL, Han D, Wu YG, Han ZB, Ma SF, Tan JH. Production of cloned goats by nuclear transfer of cumulus cells and long-term cultured fetal fibroblast cells into abattoir-derived oocytes. Mol Reprod Dev 2006; 73:834-40. [PMID: 16572465 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dairy goats are ideal for the transgenic production of therapeutic recombinant proteins. The use of recombinant somatic cell lines for nuclear transfer (NT) allows the introduction of genes by transfection, increases the efficiency of transgenic animal production to 100%, and overcomes the problem of founder mosaicism. Although viable animals have been cloned via NT from somatic cells of 11 species, the efficiency has been extremely low. Both blastomere and somatic cell NT increased fetal loss and perinatal morbidity/mortality in cattle and sheep, but fetal loss and perinatal mortality appear to be relatively low in goats. In this study, we produced cloned goats by NT from cumulus cells and long-term cultured fetal fibroblast cells (FFCs) to abattoir-derived oocytes. NT embryos were constructed from electrofusion of cumulus cells (CCs), FFCs, or skin fibroblast cells (SFCs) with cytoplasts prepared from abattoir-derived ovaries. The NT embryos were activated with an optimized activating protocol (1 min exposure to 2.5 microM ionomycin followed by 2 hr incubation in 2mM 6-DMAP). Two viable cloned kids from CCs and one from long-term cultured FFCs (at passage 20-25) were born. Microsatellite analysis of 10 markers confirmed that all cloned offspring were derived from corresponding donor cells. To our knowledge, the production of cloned goat offspring using abattoir-derived oocytes receiving nuclei from CCs and long-term cultured FFCs has not been reported. The production of viable cloned animals after activation with reduced intensity of ionomycin and 6-DMAP treatment has also not been reported. Loss of cloned embryos was obvious after 45 and 90 days of pregnancy, and a lack of cotyledons, heart defects, and improperly closed abdominal wall were observed in the aborted fetuses and one cloned kid. The fusibility and in vitro developmental potential of embryos reconstructed from FFCs at passage 20-25 were significantly lower than those of embryos reconstructed from FFCs at passage 3-5, and the cloning efficiency of the long-term cultured cells was low (0.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Cheng Lan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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50
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OKUDA K, SAKUMOTO R. Regulation of uterine function by cytokines in cows: Possible actions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1alpha and interferon-tau. Anim Sci J 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2006.00348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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