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AlAseeri AA, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Ali NH, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Bahaa MM, Alruwaili M, Batiha GES. The compelling role of allopurinol in hyperuricemia-induced epilepsy: Unrecognized like tears in rain. Brain Res Bull 2024; 213:110973. [PMID: 38723694 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disease characterized by the recurrent, paroxysmal, and unprovoked seizures. It has been shown that hyperuricemia enhances and associated with the development and progression of epilepsy through induction of inflammation and oxidative stress. In addition, uric acid is released within the brain and contributes in the development of neuronal hyperexcitability and epileptic seizure. Brain uric acid acts as damage associated molecular pattern (DAMP) activates the immune response and induce the development of neuroinflammation. Therefore, inhibition of xanthine oxidase by allopurinol may reduce hyperuricemia-induced epileptic seizure and associated oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the underlying mechanism of allopurinol in the epilepsy was not fully elucidated. Therefore, this review aims to revise from published articles the link between hyperuricemia and epilepsy, and how allopurinol inhibits the development of epileptic seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdullah AlAseeri
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens 11741, Greece; Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, Wien 1030, Austria; Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, Wuppertal 42283, Germany.
| | - Mostafa M Bahaa
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mubarak Alruwaili
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira 22511, Egypt
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Wu M, Yu S, Yan S, Wu M, Zhang L, Chen S, Shi D, Liu S, Fan Y, Lin X, Shen J. Peroxynitrite reduces Treg cell expansion and function by mediating IL-2R nitration and aggravates multiple sclerosis pathogenesis: One sentence summary: Peroxynitrite-mediated Treg IL-2R nitration impacts on multiple sclerosis. Redox Biol 2024; 75:103240. [PMID: 38889621 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
T-helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg) are critical regulators in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) but the factors affecting Treg/Th17 balance remains largely unknown. Redox balance is crucial to maintaining immune homeostasis and reducing the severity of MS but the underlying mechanisms are unclear yet. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that peroxynitrite, a representative molecule of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), could inhibit peripheral Treg cells, disrupt Treg/Th17 balance and aggravate MS pathology by inducing nitration of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and down-regulating RAS/JNK-AP-1 signalling pathway. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model and serum samples of MS patients were used in the study. We found that the increases of 3-nitrotyrosine and IL-2R nitration in Treg cells were coincided with disease severity in the active EAE mice. Mechanistically, peroxynitrite-induced IL-2R nitration down-regulated RAS/JNK signalling pathway, subsequently impairing peripheral Treg expansion and function, increasing Teff infiltration into the central nerve system (CNS), aggravating demyelination and neurological deficits in the EAE mice. Those changes were abolished by peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst (PDC) treatment. Furthermore, transplantation of the PDC-treated-autologous Treg cells from donor EAE mice significantly decreased Th17 cells in both axillary lymph nodes and lumbar spinal cord, and ameliorated the neuropathology of the recipient EAE mice. Those results suggest that peroxynitrite could disrupt peripheral Treg/Th17 balance, and aggravate neuroinflammation and neurological deficit in active EAE/MS pathogenesis. The underlying mechanisms are related to induce the nitration of IL-2R and inhibit the RAS/JNK-AP-1 signalling pathway in Treg cells. The study highlights that targeting peroxynitrite-mediated peripheral IL-2R nitration in Treg cells could be a novel therapeutic strategy to restore Treg/Th17 balance and ameliorate MS/EAE pathogenesis. The study provides valuable insights into potential role of peripheral redox balance in maintaining CNS immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Sulan Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shenyu Yan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Minghui Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Dongyun Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China; Free Radical Regulation and Application Research Center of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Yongping Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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3
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Liu F, Li M, Li W, Ren Y, Zhang M, Zhang H, Wang P, Wu Y, Wang K, Wang X, Chen X, Tang J. Peroxynitrite-activated fluorescent probe with two reaction triggers for pathological diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of inflammation. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107362. [PMID: 38615474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Excessive peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is closely related to the occurrence and progression of inflammation. Therefore, the development of an efficacious ONOO- activatable probe holds great potential for the early diagnosis of pathological inflammation, and the direct evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of active protectants. In this work, a new ONOO--activated fluorescent probe (SZP) which greatly improved the specificity and sensitivity (LOD = 8.03 nM) with large Stokes shift (150 nm) through introducing two reaction triggers (diphenyl phosphinate moiety, CC unsaturated bond) was rationally designed for rapid detecting ONOO- (within 2 min). The excellent properties of probe SZP enable it to realize the fluorescence-guided diagnosis of inflammation. More importantly, probe SZP has also been utilized to assess the anti-inflammatory efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) active ingredients for the remediation of inflammation by monitoring ONOO- fluctuation for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Liu
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Manman Li
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Weixia Li
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Yingjie Ren
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yali Wu
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Kehan Wang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Jinfa Tang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Clinical Application, Evaluation and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Pharmacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Safety Evaluation and Risk Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Wang B, Kong Y, Tian X, Xu M. A highly sensitive and selective chemiluminescent probe for peroxynitrite detection in vitro, in vivo and in human liver cancer tissue. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134094. [PMID: 38518698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is one of the important active nitrogen/reactive oxygen species that plays various roles in biological processes, such as inducing apoptosis and necrosis. Recent studies have shown that a significant increases in ONOO- content during tumor development, which is closely related to the level of oxidative stress within the tumor. It has been found that herbicide paraquat (PQ) can significantly increase the level of ONOO- in cells. Therefore, accurate monitoring abnormal changes in ONOO- caused by environmental hazardous materials and tumors is helpful in promoting the diagnosis and treatment of oxidative stress diseases (tumors), evenly environmental detection. Currently, traditional fluorescent probes for ONOO- detection have background interference. To address this, we developed a chemiluminescent probe (CL-1) and a fluorescent probe (Flu-1), using diphenyl phosphonate as a recognition group. CL-1 shows extremely sensitivity (9.8 nM), a high signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio (502), and excellent bioimaging capabilities compared to fluorescent probe (Flu-1). We have successfully used CL-1 to detect ONOO- produced by PQ stimulated cells, as well as endogenous ONOO- in tumor cells, mice, and human liver cancer tissues. Therefore, CL-1 can not only be a valuable tool for visualizing tumor and studying the role of ONOO- in tumor pathology, but the probe has the potential to be a powerful molecular imaging tool for exploring the complex biological role of ONOO- in a variety of biological Settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqu Wang
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yating Kong
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaoxue Tian
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Min Xu
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, China.
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Wang Y, Cai X, Ma Y, Yang Y, Pan CW, Zhu X, Ke C. Metabolomics on depression: A comparison of clinical and animal research. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:559-568. [PMID: 38211744 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a major cause of suicide and mortality worldwide. This study aims to conduct a systematic review to identify metabolic biomarkers and pathways for major depressive disorder (MDD), a prevalent subtype of clinical depression. METHODS We searched for metabolomics studies on depression published between January 2000 and January 2023 in the PubMed and Web of Science databases. The reported metabolic biomarkers were systematically evaluated and compared. Pathway analysis was implemented using MetaboAnalyst 5.0. RESULTS We included 26 clinical studies on MDD and 78 metabolomics studies on depressive-like animal models. A total of 55 and 77 high-frequency metabolites were reported consistently in two-thirds of clinical and murine studies, respectively. In the comparison between murine and clinical studies, we identified 9 consistently changed metabolites (tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine, fumarate, valine, deoxycholic acid, pyruvate, kynurenic acid) in the blood, 1 consistently altered metabolite (indoxyl sulfate) in the urine and 14 disturbed metabolic pathways in both types of studies. These metabolic dysregulations and pathways are mainly implicated in enhanced inflammation, impaired neuroprotection, reduced energy metabolism, increased oxidative stress damage and disturbed apoptosis, laying solid molecular foundations for MDD. LIMITATIONS Due to unavailability of original data like effect-size results in many metabolomics studies, a meta-analysis cannot be conducted, and confounding factors cannot be fully ruled out. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review delineated metabolic biomarkers and pathways related to depression in the murine and clinical samples, providing opportunities for early diagnosis of MDD and the development of novel diagnostic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Wang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Ma
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- Suzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chaofu Ke
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Li H, Li J, Liu Q, Wang Y, Sun L, Hu B, Chen G, Zhang D, Liang C, Lei J, Wang P, Tao F, Yang L. The Association Between Essential Metal Element Mixture and Sleep Quality in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:900-912. [PMID: 37340210 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have related single essential metal elements (EMEs) to sleep quality among older adults, however, the association of the EME mixture with sleep quality remained poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between single EMEs and the EME mixture and sleep quality in older adults living in Chinese communities. This study consisted of 3957 older adults aged 60 years or over. Urinary concentrations of cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The associations of single EMEs and EME mixture with sleep quality were assessed using logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models, respectively. Adjusted single-element logistic regression models showed that Mo (OR = 0.927, 95%CI:0.867-0.990), Sr (OR = 0.927, 95%CI:0.864-0.994), and Mg (OR = 0.934, 95%CI:0.873-0.997) were negatively related to poor sleep quality. BKMR models exhibited similar results. Also, higher levels of the EME mixture in urine were inversely related to the odds of poor sleep quality after adjustment for covariates, and Mo had the largest conditional posterior inclusion probability (condPIP) value in the mixture. Mo, Sr, and Mg were negatively related to poor sleep quality, separately and as the mixture. The EME mixture in urine was associated with decreased odds of poor sleep quality in older adults, and Mo was the greatest contributor within the mixture. Additional cohort research is warranted to clarify the relationship of multiple EMEs with sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huaibiao Li
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Junzhe Li
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Fuyang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuyang, 236069, Anhui, China
| | - Guimei Chen
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- School of Health Services Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study On Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jingyuan Lei
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Public Health, Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Linsheng Yang
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Bang M, Heo Y, Choi TK, Lee SH. Positive Effects of Uric Acid on White Matter Microstructures and Treatment Response in Patients With Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2024:sbae008. [PMID: 38300803 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Schizophrenia involves microstructural changes in white matter (WM) tracts. Oxidative stress is a key factor causing WM damage by hindering oligodendrocyte development and myelin maturation. Uric acid (UA), an endogenous antioxidant, may protect against oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of UA on WM connectivity in antipsychotic-naive or -free patients with early- or chronic-stage schizophrenia. STUDY DESIGN A total of 192 patients with schizophrenia (122 recent-onset [ROS] and 70 chronic [CS]) and 107 healthy controls (HCs) participated in this study. Diffusion tensor imaging data and serum UA levels at baseline were obtained. STUDY RESULTS Fractional anisotropy was lower in the widespread WM regions across the whole brain, and diffusivity measures were higher in both schizophrenia groups than in HCs. The CS group showed lower diffusivity in some WM tracts than the ROS or HC groups. The linear relationship of serum UA levels with axial and mean diffusivity in the right frontal region was significantly different between schizophrenia stages, which was driven by a negative association in the CS group. WM diffusivity associated with serum UA levels correlated with 8-week treatment responses only in patients with CS, suggesting UA to be protective against long-term schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS UA may protect against the WM damage associated with the progression of schizophrenia by reducing oxidative stress and supporting WM repair against oxidative damage. These results provide insights into the positive role of UA and may facilitate the development of novel disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yul Heo
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Kiu Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Iazzolino B, Grassano M, Moglia C, Canosa A, Manera U, Vasta R, Cabras S, Callegaro S, Matteoni E, Di Pede F, Palumbo F, Mora G, Calvo A, Chiò A. High serum uric acid levels are protective against cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol 2024; 271:955-961. [PMID: 37880536 PMCID: PMC10827906 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uric acid (UA) has emerged as a factor that can modify cognitive function both in the general population and in people with neurodegenerative disorders. Since very few data are available concerning amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we explored the correlation of UA levels and cognitive impairment in a large cohort of ALS patients. METHODS We enrolled ALS patients consecutively seen at the Turin ALS expert center in the 2007-2018 period who underwent both cognitive/behavioral and UA evaluation at diagnosis. Patients were classified in 5 categories: normal cognition (ALS-CN), isolated cognitive impairment (ALSci), isolated behavioural impairment (ALSbi), cognitive and behavioural impairment (ALScbi), frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD). For this study, ALSci, ALSbi and ALScbi were merged as ALS with intermediate cognitive impairment (ALS-INT). RESULTS Out of the 841 ALS patients, 422 had ALS-CN, 271 ALS-INT and 148 ALS-FTD. The mean values of UA were significantly different among the cognitive subgroups of patients, with the lowest values in the ALS-FTD (ALS-CN, 288.5 ± 78.0 (μmol/L; ALS-INT, 289.7 ± 75.5 μmol/L; ALS-FTD, 271.8 ± 74.9 μmol/L; p = 0.046). The frequency of ALS-FTD was significantly higher in the 1st tertile of UA. Lower UA levels were independently associated with FTD (OR 1.32, 95% c.i. 1.01-1.43; p = 0.038) in binary logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS We found that in ALS lower UA serum levels are correlated with reduced frequency of co-morbid FTD. Patients with intermediate cognitive impairment showed UA levels similar to ALS-CN but higher than ALS-FTD, implying that higher UA levels can prevent or delay cognitive function deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Iazzolino
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Grassano
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology I, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology I, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Manera
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology I, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosario Vasta
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Cabras
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- International School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Stefano Callegaro
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Matteoni
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Pede
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Palumbo
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriele Mora
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Neurology I, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Center, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Neurology I, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.
- Institute of Cognitive Science and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.
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9
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Pham H, Wahman DG, Fairey JL. Closing Dichloramine Decomposition Nitrogen and Oxygen Mass Balances: Relative Importance of End-Products from the Reactive Nitrogen Species Pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2048-2057. [PMID: 38238190 PMCID: PMC10832998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
In drinking water chloramination, monochloramine autodecomposition occurs in the presence of excess free ammonia through dichloramine, the decay of which was implicated in N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation by (i) dichloramine hydrolysis to nitroxyl which reacts with itself to nitrous oxide (N2O), (ii) nitroxyl reaction with dissolved oxygen (DO) to peroxynitrite or mono/dichloramine to nitrogen gas (N2), and (iii) peroxynitrite reaction with total dimethylamine (TOTDMA) to NDMA or decomposition to nitrite/nitrate. Here, the yields of nitrogen and oxygen-containing end-products were quantified at pH 9 from NHCl2 decomposition at 200, 400, or 800 μeq Cl2·L-1 with and without 10 μM-N TOTDMA under ambient DO (∼500 μM-O) and, to limit peroxynitrite formation, low DO (≤40 μM-O). Without TOTDMA, the sum of free ammonia, monochloramine, dichloramine, N2, N2O, nitrite, and nitrate indicated nitrogen recoveries ±95% confidence intervals were not significantly different under ambient (90 ± 6%) and low (93 ± 7%) DO. With TOTDMA, nitrogen recoveries were less under ambient (82 ± 5%) than low (97 ± 7%) DO. Oxygen recoveries under ambient DO were 88-97%, and the so-called unidentified product of dichloramine decomposition formed at about three-fold greater concentration under ambient compared to low DO, like NDMA, consistent with a DO limitation. Unidentified product formation stemmed from peroxynitrite decomposition products reacting with mono/dichloramine. For a 2:2:1 nitrogen/oxygen/chlorine atom ratio and its estimated molar absorptivity, unidentified product inclusion with uncertainty may close oxygen recoveries and increase nitrogen recoveries to 98% (ambient DO) and 100% (low DO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong
T. Pham
- Department
of Civil Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - David G. Wahman
- Drinking
Water Treatment and Distribution Branch, Water Infrastructure Division,
Center for Environmental Solutions & Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - Julian L. Fairey
- Department
of Civil Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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10
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Mekhaeil M, Conroy MJ, Dev KK. Elucidating the Therapeutic Utility of Olaparib in Sulfatide-Induced Human Astrocyte Toxicity and Neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:592-609. [PMID: 37924373 PMCID: PMC10770269 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10092-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a severe demyelinating, autosomal recessive genetic leukodystrophy, with no curative treatment. The disease is underpinned by mutations in the arylsulfatase A gene (ARSA), resulting in deficient activity of this lysosomal enzyme, and consequential accumulation of galactosylceramide-3-O-sulfate (sulfatide) in the brain. Most of the effects in the brain have been attributed to the accumulation of sulfatides in oligodendrocytes and their cell damage. In contrast, less is known regarding sulfatide toxicity in astrocytes. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are anti-cancer therapeutics that have proven efficacy in preclinical models of many neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases, but have never been tested for MLD. Here, we examined the toxic effect of sulfatides on human astrocytes and restoration of this cell damage by the marketed PARP-1 inhibitor, Olaparib. Cultured human astrocytes were treated with increasing concentrations of sulfatides (5-100 μM) with or without Olaparib (100 nM). Cell viability assays were used to ascertain whether sulfatide-induced toxicity was rescued by Olaparib. Immunofluorescence, calcium (Ca2+) imaging, ROS, and mitochondrial damage assays were also used to explore the effects of sulfatides and Olaparib. ELISAs were performed and chemotaxis of peripheral blood immune cells was measured to examine the effects of Olaparib on sulfatide-induced inflammation in human astrocytes. Here, we established a concentration-dependent (EC50∼20 μM at 24 h) model of sulfatide-induced astrocyte toxicity. Our data demonstrate that sulfatide-induced astrocyte toxicity involves (i) PARP-1 activation, (ii) pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and (iii) enhanced chemoattraction of peripheral blood immune cells. Moreover, these sulfatide-induced effects were attenuated by Olaparib (IC50∼100 nM). In addition, sulfatide caused impairments of ROS production, mitochondrial stress, and Ca2+ signaling in human astrocytes, that were indicative of metabolic alterations and that were also alleviated by Olaparib (100 nM) treatment. Our data support the hypothesis that sulfatides can drive astrocyte cell death and demonstrate that Olaparib can dampen many facets of sulfatide-induced toxicity, including, mitochondrial stress, inflammatory responses, and communication between human astrocytes and peripheral blood immune cells. These data are suggestive of potential therapeutic utility of PARP inhibitors in the sphere of rare demyelinating diseases, and in particular MLD. Graphical abstract. Proposed mechanism of action of Olaparib in sulfatide-treated astrocytes. Human astrocytes treated for 24 h with sulfatides increase PARP-1 expression and die. PARP-1 overexpression is modulated by Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, thus enhancing intracellular Ca2+ concentration. PARP-1 inhibition with Olaparib reduces Ca2+ influx and cell death. Olaparib also decreases IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and CX3CL1 release from sulfatide-stimulated astrocytes, suggesting that PARP-1 plays a role in dampening neuroinflammation in MLD. This is confirmed by the reduction of immune cell migration such as lymphocytes, NK cells, and T cells towards sulfatide-treated astrocytes. Moreover, mitochondrial stress and ROS production induced by sulfatides are rescued by PARP-1 inhibition. Future studies will focus on the signaling cascades triggered by PARP-1-mediated currents in reactive astrocytes and Olaparib as a potential therapeutic target for MLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mekhaeil
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Melissa Jane Conroy
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kumlesh Kumar Dev
- Drug Development Research Group, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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11
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Cao B, Li Q, Xiong L, Ruan H, Lu Y, Peng F, Li H, Huang Y, Luo M, Shu Y. Cerebrospinal fluid uric acid levels associated with disease severity in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 384:578221. [PMID: 37864934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uric acid (UA) is an important natural antioxidant and strong peroxynitrite scavenger, but little is known about central nervous system (CNS) levels of UA in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE). METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels of UA were determined in 72 patients with anti-NMDARE and 111 controls with non-inflammatory neurological diseases (NINDs). Serum UA levels were also evaluated in 132 healthy controls (HCs). CSF neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) index were evaluated in patients with anti-NMDARE. The association of CSF UA levels with anti-NMDARE and its clinical parameters were evaluated in the patients. RESULTS CSF UA levels were lower in patients with anti-NMDARE than in patients with NINDs, especially in patients with severe impairments (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] scores >3 vs. ≤ 3, p = 0.006). Furthermore, serum UA levels in patients with anti-NMDARE were significantly lower than in patients with NINDs and HCs. CSF UA levels were significantly associated with mRS scores, and serum UA levels in patients with anti-NMDARE. Furthermore, CSF/serum UA ratio was significantly associated with BBB index. CONCLUSIONS CSF UA levels associated with disease severity and serum UA levels in patients with anti-NMDARE. And CSF/serum UA ratio correlated with BBB index, indicating that CSF and serum UA levels change similarly with BBB permeability in anti-NMDARE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengfang Ruan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Lu
- Clinical Data Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilu Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minqi Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yaqing Shu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Geng D, Wu B, Lin Y, Chen J, Tang W, Liu Y, He J. High total bilirubin-to-uric acid ratio predicts poor sleep quality after acute ischemic stroke: a prospective nested case-control study. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:897-907. [PMID: 37525331 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are prevalent after stroke, resulting in high recurrence rates and mortality. But the biomarkers of sleep disorders in stroke patients remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the relationship between total bilirubin-to-uric acid ratio (TUR) and sleep quality after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS Three hundred twenty-six AIS patients were recruited and followed up 1 month after stroke in our study. Serum total bilirubin and uric acid levels were obtained within 24 h after admission. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality 1 month after stroke. We conducted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and screened the optimal biomarker to differentiate sleep disorders after stroke. Then the TUR was stratified according to the best cut-off value (0.036) of the ROC and further analysed by binary logistic regression analysis. Additionally, the interaction was used to explore the difference in its effect on post-stroke sleep quality in different subgroups. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-one patients (40.2%) were considered as having poor sleep quality during the one-month follow-up. Compared to patients with good sleep, patients with poor sleep were more likely to have higher TUR (IQR), 0.05 (0.03-0.06) versus 0.03 (0.02-0.04), P < 0.001. After adjusting for confounding factors, binary regression analysis demonstrated that a high TUR (≥0.036) was independently related to post-stroke poor sleep quality (OR = 3.75, 95% CI = 2.02-6.96, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High TUR is associated with an increased risk of poor sleep quality in AIS patients, especially in females, diabetics, and patients with hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Geng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Beilan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yisi Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Tang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jincai He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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13
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Li W, Wu M, Li Y, Shen J. Reactive nitrogen species as therapeutic targets for autophagy/mitophagy modulation to relieve neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: Potential application for drug discovery. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:37-51. [PMID: 37532065 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease with limited therapeutic effects, eventually developing into handicap. Seeking novel therapeutic strategies for MS is timely important. Active autophagy/mitophagy could mediate neurodegeneration, while its roles in MS remain controversial. To elucidate the exact roles of autophagy/mitophagy and reveal its in-depth regulatory mechanisms, we conduct a systematic literature study and analyze the factors that might be responsible for divergent results obtained. The dynamic change levels of autophagy/mitophagy appear to be a determining factor for final neuron fate during MS pathology. Excessive neuronal autophagy/mitophagy contributes to neurodegeneration after disease onset at the active MS phase. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) serve as key regulators for redox-related modifications and participate in autophagy/mitophagy modulation in MS. Nitric oxide (•NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), two representative RNS, could nitrate or nitrosate Drp1/parkin/PINK1 pathway, activating excessive mitophagy and aggravating neuronal injury. Targeting RNS-mediated excessive autophagy/mitophagy could be a promising strategy for developing novel anti-MS drugs. In this review, we highlight the important roles of RNS-mediated autophagy/mitophagy in neuronal injury and review the potential therapeutic compounds with the bioactivities of inhibiting RNS-mediated autophagy/mitophagy activation and attenuating MS progression. Overall, we conclude that reactive nitrogen species could be promising therapeutic targets to regulate autophagy/mitophagy for multiple sclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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14
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Korczowska-Łącka I, Słowikowski B, Piekut T, Hurła M, Banaszek N, Szymanowicz O, Jagodziński PP, Kozubski W, Permoda-Pachuta A, Dorszewska J. Disorders of Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1811. [PMID: 37891890 PMCID: PMC10604347 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In diseases of the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and even epilepsy and migraine, oxidative stress load commonly surpasses endogenous antioxidative capacity. While oxidative processes have been robustly implicated in the pathogenesis of these diseases, the significance of particular antioxidants, both endogenous and especially exogenous, in maintaining redox homeostasis requires further research. Among endogenous antioxidants, enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase are central to disabling free radicals, thereby preventing oxidative damage to cellular lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Whether supplementation with endogenously occurring antioxidant compounds such as melatonin and glutathione carries any benefit, however, remains equivocal. Similarly, while the health benefits of certain exogenous antioxidants, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C), carotenoids, polyphenols, sulforaphanes, and anthocyanins are commonly touted, their clinical efficacy and effectiveness in particular neurological disease contexts need to be more robustly defined. Here, we review the current literature on the cellular mechanisms mitigating oxidative stress and comment on the possible benefit of the most common exogenous antioxidants in diseases such as AD, PD, ALS, HD, stroke, epilepsy, and migraine. We selected common neurological diseases of a basically neurodegenerative nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Korczowska-Łącka
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Bartosz Słowikowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (B.S.); (P.P.J.)
| | - Thomas Piekut
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Mikołaj Hurła
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Natalia Banaszek
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Oliwia Szymanowicz
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
| | - Paweł P. Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (B.S.); (P.P.J.)
| | - Wojciech Kozubski
- Chair and Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Permoda-Pachuta
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland (M.H.)
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15
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Ptaszek B, Podsiadło S, Adamiak J, Marchewka J, Tota Ł, Teległów A. Effect of Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Oxidant-Antioxidant Imbalance in Women with Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5958. [PMID: 37762899 PMCID: PMC10532046 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether 20 whole-body cryotherapy treatments have an effect on oxidative-antioxidant imbalances in women with multiple sclerosis. Fifty women aged 30-55 were examined: study group-15 women with multiple sclerosis, subjected to whole-body cryotherapy; first control group-20 women with multiple sclerosis who did not receive cryotherapy intervention; second control group-15 healthy women who participated in cryotherapy treatments. Blood from the examined women was collected twice (before and after the series of 20 cryotherapy sessions). An insignificant increase in the total antioxidant capacity (study group: p = 0.706; second control group: p = 0.602) was observed after the whole-body cryotherapy intervention. After the series of cryotherapy sessions, the total oxidative status/total oxidative capacity value was insignificantly decreased among the multiple sclerosis patients (decrease by 14.03%, p = 0.495). In women with multiple sclerosis, no significant cryotherapy impact was demonstrated on changes in the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance or concentrations of nitric oxide, uric acid, or matrix metalloproteinase-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Ptaszek
- Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Szymon Podsiadło
- Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland; (S.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Justyna Adamiak
- Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jakub Marchewka
- Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland; (S.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Łukasz Tota
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Aneta Teległów
- Institute of Basic Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland;
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16
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Alrouji M, Manouchehrinia A, Aram J, Alotaibi A, Alhajlah S, Almuhanna Y, Alomeir O, Shamsi A, Gran B, Constantinescu CS. Investigating the Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Serum Uric Acid Levels in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Cross Sectional Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050800. [PMID: 37239272 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study is aimed at determining the effect of cigarette smoking (CS) on serum uric acid (UA) levels quantitatively before and after smoking cessation among people with MS (pwMS). Additionally, a possible correlation between UA levels and both disability progression and disease severity was also investigated. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using the Nottingham University Hospitals MS Clinics database. It involves 127 people with definite MS recorded when reporting the latest smoking status and the clinical diagnosis. All necessary demographics and clinical characteristics were collected. We found that smoker pwMS had significantly lower serum UA levels than non-smoker pwMS (p-value = 0.0475), and this reduction was recovered after smoking cessation (p-value = 0.0216). However, the levels of disability or disease severity were not correlated with the levels of serum UA in current smoker pwMS, measured by the expanded disability status scale (EDSS; r = -0.24; p-value = 0.38), multiple sclerosis impact scale 29 (MSIS-29; r = 0.01; p-value = 0.97) and MS severity score (MSSS; r = -0.16; p-value = 0.58), respectively. Our result suggests that the reduction in UA levels is more likely a consequence of oxidative stress triggered by many risk factors, including CS, and could be considered a potential indicator of smoking cessation. In addition, the absence of a correlation between UA levels and disease severity and disability suggests that UA is not an optimal biomarker for disease severity and disability prediction among current smoker, ex-smoker or non-smoker pwMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alrouji
- Clinical Neurosciences Group, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Department of Clinical Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Sahqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Manouchehrinia
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jehan Aram
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Abdulmajeed Alotaibi
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharif Alhajlah
- Clinical Neurosciences Group, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Almuhanna
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman Alomeir
- Clinical Neurosciences Group, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bruno Gran
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Cris S Constantinescu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Department of Neurology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Neurological Institute, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
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17
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Yang LJ, He JB, Jiang Y, Li J, Zhou ZW, Zhang C, Tao X, Chen AF, Peng C, Xie HH. Berberine hydrochloride inhibits migration ability via increasing inducible NO synthase and peroxynitrite in HTR-8/SVneo cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116087. [PMID: 36584918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inadequate trophoblasts migration and invasion is considered as an initial event resulting in preeclampsia, which is closely related to oxidative stress. Berberine hydrochloride (BBR), extracted from the traditional medicinal plant Coptis chinensis Franch., exerts a diversity of pharmacological effects, and the crude drug has been widely taken by most Chinese women to treat nausea and vomit during pregnancy. But there is no research regarding its effects on trophoblast cell function. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effect of BBR on human-trophoblast-derived cell line (HTR-8/SVneo) migration ability and its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay. The effect of BBR on cells migration function was examined by scratch wound healing assay and transwell migration assay. Intracellular nitric oxide (NO), superoxide (O2-) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) levels were measured by flow cytometry. The expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), eNOS, p-eNOS, MnSOD, CuZnSOD, Rac1, NOX1, TLR4, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p-NFκB, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in cells were analyzed by Western blotting. Uric acid sodium salt (UA), the scavenger of ONOO-, PEG-SOD (a specific superoxide scavenger), L-NAME (a NOS inhibitor) and antioxidants (Vit E and DFO) were further used to characterize the pathway of BBR action. RESULTS 5 μM BBR decreased both the migration distance and the number of migrated cells without affecting cells viability in HTR-8/SVneo cells after 24 h treatment. BBR could increase the level of NO in HTR-8/SVneo cells, and the over-production of NO might be attributable to iNOS, but not eNOS. BBR could increase intracellular O2- levels, and the over-production of O2- is closely related with Rac1 in HTR-8/SVneo cells. The excessive production of NO and O2- further react to form ONOO-, and the increased ONOO- level induced by BBR was blunted by UA. Moreover, UA improved the impaired migration function caused by BBR in HTR-8/SVneo cells. The depressed migration function stimulated by BBR in HTR-8/SVneo cells was diminished by PEG-SOD and L-NAME. Furthermore, BBR increased the expression of IL-6 in HTR-8/SVneo cells, and antioxidants (Vit E and DFO) could decrease the expression of IL-6 and iNOS induced by BBR. CONCLUSIONS BBR inhibits the cell migration ability through increasing inducible NO synthase and peroxynitrite in HTR-8/SVneo cells, indicating that BBR and traditional Chinese medicines containing a high proportion of BBR should be used with caution in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Yang
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jia-Bei He
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Zhou
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xia Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - He-Hui Xie
- School of Public Health and Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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18
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Sandalio LM, Collado-Arenal AM, Romero-Puertas MC. Deciphering peroxisomal reactive species interactome and redox signalling networks. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 197:58-70. [PMID: 36642282 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes are highly dynamic organelles with regard to metabolic pathways, number and morphology and participate in different metabolic processes and cell responses to their environment. Peroxisomes from animal and plant cells house a complex system of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production associated to different metabolic pathways which are under control of an important set of enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidative defenses. Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivate reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are also produced in these organelles. Peroxisomes can regulate ROS and NO/RNS levels to allow their role as signalling molecules. The metabolism of other reactive species such as carbonyl reactive species (CRS) and sulfur reactive species (SRS) in peroxisomes and their relationship with ROS and NO have not been explored in depth. In this review, we define a peroxisomal reactive species interactome (PRSI), including all reactive species ROS, RNS, CRS and SRS, their interaction and effect on target molecules contributing to the dynamic redox/ROS homeostasis and plasticity of peroxisomes, enabling fine-tuned regulation of signalling networks associated with peroxisome-dependent H2O2. Particular attention will be paid to update the information available on H2O2-dependent peroxisomal retrograde signalling and to discuss a specific peroxisomal footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
| | - Aurelio M Collado-Arenal
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
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19
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Altunkaynak Y, Keskek A, Donmezler S, Yazar T, Olgun H, Delen F, Kurt Sabitay I, Ozturk M, Ertem DH. A study of the relationship between serum uric acid levels and pain in patients with migraine. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32810. [PMID: 36749273 PMCID: PMC9902011 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum uric acid (SUA), the end product of purine metabolism acts as an antioxidant and is related to oxidative stress. It has been reported that SUA may be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease, Huntington disease, Parkinson disease, and multiple sclerosis. However, studies evaluating SUA levels in migraine are scarce. This study aimed to explore the relationship between pain characteristics and SUA levels in patients with migraine and compare SUA levels in migraine patients during a headache attack and headache-free period with those control groups. This prospective, cross-sectional study included 78 patients with migraine and 78 healthy subjects who were randomly selected from hospital personnel as the control group. Headache characteristics (duration of attack, pain intensity, and headache frequency) and sociodemographic features were recorded. The SUA level was measured once in the control group and twice in the migraine patients, during the migraine attack and headache-free periods. Although the SUA levels of the migraine group in the headache-free period were higher than those of the control group, the difference was not statistically significant. Gender was not significantly related to the change in SUA levels between the attack and headache-free period. When the correlation between age, duration of migraine, frequency, duration, and intensity of pain was evaluated; the difference between SUA levels in female migraine patients was weakly correlated with headache intensity, whereas male patients had a moderate correlation. ( P < .05; R > 0.250, and R > 0.516, respectively). The difference in SUA level in the migraine attack period compared to the headache-free period showing a positive correlation with pain intensity suggested that SUA may have a role in migraine due to its antioxidant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Altunkaynak
- Departmant of Neurology, Istanbul Başaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- * Correspondence: Yavuz Altunkaynak, Departmant of Neurology, Istanbul Başaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul 34480, Turkey (e-mail: )
| | - Asli Keskek
- Departmant of Neurology, Artvin State Hospital, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Donmezler
- Departmant of Psychiatry, Istanbul Başaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tamer Yazar
- Departmant of Neurology, Istanbul Surp Pirgiç Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Olgun
- Departmant Of Neurology, Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Firuze Delen
- Departmant of Neurology, Istanbul Başaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Imren Kurt Sabitay
- Departmant of Psychiatry, Istanbul Başaksehir Cam ve Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Musa Ozturk
- Departmant of Neurology, İstanbul Bakirköy State Hospital For Neurological and Pschiatric Disorders,Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Devrimsel Harika Ertem
- University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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20
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Yuan Z, Liu H, Zhang X, He Y, Gu S, Mo D, Wang S, Huang Z, Wu K, Zhou R, Zhong Q, Huang Y, Cao B, Chen H, Wu X. Role of uric acid as a biomarker of cognitive function in schizophrenia during maintenance period. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1123127. [PMID: 37032942 PMCID: PMC10073439 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1123127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies involving uric acid (UA) in some specialized disease populations have found that high UA is associated with enhanced patient function. The mechanism to explain this association may be that UA, an important antioxidant, exerts neuroprotective effects. Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) have severe oxidative stress abnormalities, and cognitive impairment is a major obstacle to their rehabilitation. Only few studies have been conducted on UA and cognitive impairment in SCZ. This study aims to clarify the relationship between UA and cognitive impairment and explore whether UA could be used as a potential biological marker of cognition in SCZ during maintenance period. Methods A total of 752 cases of SCZ during maintenance period from Baiyun Jingkang Hospital were included. Cognition was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination scale. UA was measured using the Plus method. The participants were grouped on the basis of UA to evaluate the association of cognition with low-normal (3.50-5.07 mg/dL for men, 2.50-4.19 mg/dL for women), middle-normal (5.07-6.39 mg/dL for men, 4.19-5.18 mg/dL for women), high-normal (6.39-7.00 mg/dL for men, 5.18-6.00 mg/dL for women), and high (>7.00 mg/dL for men, >6.00 mg/dL for women) levels of UA. Multiple logistic regression and linear regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were utilized to evaluate the relationship. Results Uric acid was positively associated with cognitive function. Subgroup analyses showed that high UA was associated with enhanced cognition in participants with low anticholinergic cognitive burden (ACB). Conclusion Uric acid may be used as a simple objective biological indicator to assess cognition in SCZ during maintenance period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Baiyun Jingkang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong He
- Department of Psychiatry, Baiyun Jingkang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shanyuan Gu
- Department of Psychiatry, Baiyun Jingkang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Mo
- Department of Psychiatry, Baiyun Jingkang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Baiyun Jingkang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Keyi Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bifei Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbo Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianbo Wu, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-9599
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21
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Kim IS, Jo EK. Inosine: A bioactive metabolite with multimodal actions in human diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1043970. [PMID: 36467085 PMCID: PMC9708727 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1043970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleoside inosine is an essential metabolite for purine biosynthesis and degradation; it also acts as a bioactive molecule that regulates RNA editing, metabolic enzyme activity, and signaling pathways. As a result, inosine is emerging as a highly versatile bioactive compound and second messenger of signal transduction in cells with diverse functional abilities in different pathological states. Gut microbiota remodeling is closely associated with human disease pathogenesis and responses to dietary and medical supplementation. Recent studies have revealed a critical link between inosine and gut microbiota impacting anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial responses in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in our understanding of the mechanistic function of inosine, to unravel its immunomodulatory actions in pathological settings such as cancer, infection, inflammation, and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. We also highlight the role of gut microbiota in connection with inosine metabolism in different pathophysiological conditions. A more thorough understanding of the mechanistic roles of inosine and how it regulates disease pathologies will pave the way for future development of therapeutic and preventive modalities for various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Soo Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Jo
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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22
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Lab-Attenuated Rabies Virus Facilitates Opening of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Inducing Matrix Metallopeptidase 8. J Virol 2022; 96:e0105022. [PMID: 36005758 PMCID: PMC9472762 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01050-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with laboratory-attenuated rabies virus (RABV), but not wild-type (wt) RABV, can enhance the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is considered a key determinant for RABV pathogenicity. A previous study showed that the enhancement of BBB permeability is directly due not to RABV infection but to virus-induced inflammatory molecules. In this study, the effect of the matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) family on the permeability of the BBB during RABV infection was evaluated. We found that the expression level of MMP8 was upregulated in mice infected with lab-attenuated RABV but not with wt RABV. Lab-attenuated RABV rather than wt RABV activates inflammatory signaling pathways mediated by the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Activated NF-κB (p65) and AP-1 (c-Fos) bind to the MMP8 promoter, resulting in upregulation of its transcription. Analysis of mouse brains infected with the recombinant RABV expressing MMP8 indicated that MMP8 enhanced BBB permeability, leading to infiltration of inflammatory cells into the central nervous system (CNS). In brain-derived endothelial cells, treatment with MMP8 recombinant protein caused the degradation of tight junction (TJ) proteins, and the application of an MMP8 inhibitor inhibited the degradation of TJ proteins after RABV infection. Furthermore, an in vivo experiment using an MMP8 inhibitor during RABV infection demonstrated that BBB opening was diminished. In summary, our data suggest that the infection of lab-attenuated RABV enhances the BBB opening by upregulating MMP8. IMPORTANCE The ability to change BBB permeability was associated with the pathogenicity of RABV. BBB permeability was enhanced by infection with lab-attenuated RABV instead of wt RABV, allowing immune cells to infiltrate into the CNS. We found that MMP8 plays an important role in enhancing BBB permeability by degradation of TJ proteins during RABV infection. Using an MMP8 selective inhibitor restores the reduction of TJ proteins. We reveal that MMP8 is upregulated via the MAPK and NF-κB inflammatory pathways, activated by lab-attenuated RABV infection but not wt RABV. Our findings suggest that MMP8 has a critical role in modulating the opening of the BBB during RABV infection, which provides fresh insight into developing effective therapeutics for rabies and infection with other neurotropic viruses.
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Mijailovic NR, Vesic K, Borovcanin MM. The Influence of Serum Uric Acid on the Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:828476. [PMID: 35530021 PMCID: PMC9072620 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.828476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid is commonly known for its bad reputation. However, it has been shown that uric acid may be actively involved in neurotoxicity and/or neuroprotection. These effects could be caused by oxidative stress or inflammatory processes localized in the central nervous system, but also by other somatic diseases or systemic conditions. Our interest was to summarize and link the current data on the possible role of uric acid in cognitive functioning. We also focused on the two putative molecular mechanisms related to the pathological effects of uric acid-oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. The hippocampus is a prominent anatomic localization included in expressing uric acid's potential impact on cognitive functioning. In neurodegenerative and mental disorders, uric acid could be involved in a variety of ways in etiopathogenesis and clinical presentation. Hyperuricemia is non-specifically observed more frequently in the general population and after various somatic illnesses. There is increasing evidence to support the hypothesis that hyperuricemia may be beneficial for cognitive functioning because of its antioxidant effects but may also be a potential risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, in part because of increased inflammatory activity. In this context, gender specificities must also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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24
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Dąbrowska-Bouta B, Strużyńska L, Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz M, Sulkowski G. Memantine Modulates Oxidative Stress in the Rat Brain following Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11330. [PMID: 34768760 PMCID: PMC8583197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model most commonly used in research on the pathomechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The inflammatory processes, glutamate excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress have been proposed as determinants accompanying demyelination and neuronal degeneration during the course of MS/EAE. The aim of the current study was to characterize the role of NMDA receptors in the induction of oxidative stress during the course of EAE. The effect of memantine, the uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on modulation of neurological deficits and oxidative stress in EAE rats was analyzed using several experimental approaches. We demonstrated that the expression of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutases SOD1 and SOD2) were elevated in EAE rat brains. Under the same experimental conditions, we observed alterations in oxidative stress markers such as increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of sulfhydryl (-SH) groups, both protein and non-protein (indicating protein damage), and a decline in reduced glutathione. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of ionotropic NMDA glutamate receptors by their antagonist memantine improved the physical activity of EAE rats, alleviated neurological deficits such as paralysis of tail and hind limbs, and modulated oxidative stress parameters (MDA, -SH groups, SOD's). Furthermore, the current therapy aiming to suppress NMDAR-induced oxidative stress was partially effective when NMDAR's antagonist was administered at an early (asymptomatic) stage of EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Grzegorz Sulkowski
- Laboratory of Pathoneurochemistry, Department of Neurochemistry, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.D.-B.); (L.S.); (M.S.-W.)
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25
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Guan H, Geng Z, Yuan W, Chang B. Association of Serum Uric Acid Levels in Meige's Syndrome. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:755056. [PMID: 34658782 PMCID: PMC8517269 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.755056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid (URIC) is a natural antioxidant, and it has been shown that low levels of URIC could be a risk factor for the development of Parkinson’s disease. Our aim was to investigate whether URIC also plays a role in Meige’s syndrome (MS). We conducted a cohort study to compare serum URIC levels between patients with MS and healthy controls. In addition, we analyzed the impact of URIC on the risk of MS and symptom severity. Compared with normal subjects, URIC content was remarkably decreased in MS patients. In addition, URIC was regarded as a protective factor for MS, as verified by multivariate logistic regression models. We also found non-linear relationships between the levels of serum URIC and the incidence rate of MS and the Burke-Fahn-Marsden dystonia rating scale score. Our study is the first to show a connection between serum URIC levels and MS. Low serum URIC levels indicate an increased risk of MS incidence and more severe clinical symptoms. Our findings provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochen Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Geng
- Department of Neurology, Second People's Hospital of Hefei City, The Hefei Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weijie Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Chang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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26
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Ahmad S, Tufail N, Parveen N, Mahmood R. Attenuation of Hg(II)-induced cellular and DNA damage in human blood cells by uric acid. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 100:45-58. [PMID: 34653346 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2021-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a widespread environmental pollutant and toxicant which induces multiple organ damage in humans and animals. Hg toxicity is mediated by the induction of oxidative stress in target cells. We have used uric acid (UA), a potent antioxidant found in biological fluids, to protect human red blood cells (RBC) and lymphocytes against Hg-mediated cell, organelle and genotoxicity. RBC were incubated with HgCl2, an Hg(II) compound, either alone or in presence of UA. Incubation of RBC with only HgCl2 increased production of nitrogen and oxygen radical species, enhanced methemoglobin levels, heme degradation, free ferrous iron, oxidation of proteins and membrane lipids and reduced antioxidant capacity of cells. UA enhanced the antioxidant capacity of RBC and restored metabolic, plasma membrane-bound and antioxidant enzyme activities. Scanning electron microscopy showed that UA prevented HgCl2-mediated morphological changes in RBC. HgCl2 dissipated the mitochondrial membrane potential and increased lysosomal membrane damage in lymphocytes, but UA pre-treatment attenuated these effects. Genotoxicity analysis by comet assay showed that UA protected lymphocyte DNA from HgCl2-induced damage. Importantly, UA itself did not exhibit any deleterious effects in either RBC or lymphocytes. Thus, UA protects human blood cells from Hg(II)-mediated oxidative damage reducing the harmful effects of this extremely toxic metal. We suggest that UA performs a similar protective role in the plasma against heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahbaz Ahmad
- Aligarh Muslim University Faculty of Life Sciences, 154014, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Neda Tufail
- Aligarh Muslim University Faculty of Life Sciences, 154014, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Nazia Parveen
- Aligarh Muslim University Faculty of Life Sciences, 154014, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Aligarh Muslim University, Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, 202002;
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27
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Dergaa I, Ben Saad H, Romdhani M, Souissi A, Fessi MS, Yousfi N, Masmoudi T, Souissi N, Ammar A, Hammouda O. Biological Responses to Short-Term Maximal Exercise in Male Police Officers. Am J Mens Health 2021; 15:15579883211040920. [PMID: 34414822 PMCID: PMC8381431 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211040920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The specifics of short-term physical exercise are similar to the immediate reaction demands placed on police officers. Identifying the physiological predisposition to short-term high-intensity exercise in male law enforcement officers will assist in understanding their metabolism and make a significant contribution to a much more personal and individualized workout program. This will improve physical fitness of individual officers, improving their preparedness for such times of emergency. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the responses of hematological (erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes), hormonal (testosterone, cortisol, melatonin), biochemical (glucose, uric-acid, lactate, creatine-phosphokinase) data to short-term maximal exercise in male police officers (n = 20). Blood samples were collected before- and after- the running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST), and biological values were corrected for fluid shifts. Data were mean ± standard deviation of differences (= after minus before RAST). After the RAST, values of cortisol, lactate, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes increased significantly by 7.01 ± 37.36 mmol/l, 7.55 ± 1.67 mmol/l, 0.17 ± 0.26 103/µl, 0.61 ± 0.28 103/µl, and 0.10 ± 0.13 103/µl, respectively. After the RAST, values of melatonin, uric-acid, creatine-phosphokinase, hemoglobin, and hematocrit decreased significantly by -13.24 ± 4.60 pg/ml, -13.28 ± 14.35 µmol/l, -10.23 ± 10.13 IU/l, -2.01 ± 0.81 g/dl, and -4.46 ± 0.59%, respectively. Biological data of male police officers were affected by sprint test. Understanding changes in biological data following short-term maximal exercise can further assist in a better understanding of anaerobic metabolism, which will be helpful to find available methods for coaches to quantify training loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Dergaa
- National Observatory of Sport,
Research Unit “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Farhat HACHED Hospital, Research
Laboratory “Heart Failure, LR12SP09”, University of Sousse, Sousse,
Tunisia
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse,
Laboratoire de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Université de
Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie
- Department of Physiology and
Functional Exploration, Farhat HACHED Hospital, University of Sousse,
Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Romdhani
- National Observatory of Sport,
Research Unit “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amine Souissi
- National Observatory of Sport,
Research Unit “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, Tunis, Tunisia
- National Center of Medicine and
Science in Sport (CNMSS), Research Laboratory “Sport Performance
Optimization”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Saifeddin Fessi
- National Observatory of Sport,
Research Unit “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Narimen Yousfi
- National Center of Medicine and
Science in Sport (CNMSS), Research Laboratory “Sport Performance
Optimization”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Tasnim Masmoudi
- Farhat HACHED Hospital, Forensic
Medical Service, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- National Observatory of Sport,
Research Unit “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Faculty of Medicine of Sfax,
Research Laboratory “Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13”,
University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- Faculty of Medicine of Sfax,
Research Laboratory “Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13”,
University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Macrophage-produced peroxynitrite induces antibiotic tolerance and supersedes intrinsic mechanisms of persister formation. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0028621. [PMID: 34097475 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00286-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading human pathogen that frequently causes chronic and relapsing infections. Antibiotic tolerant persister cells contribute to frequent antibiotic failure in patients. Macrophages represent an important niche during S. aureus bacteremia and recent work has identified a role for oxidative burst in the formation of antibiotic tolerant S. aureus. We find that host-derived peroxynitrite, the reaction product of superoxide and nitric oxide, is the main mediator of antibiotic tolerance in macrophages. Using a collection of S. aureus clinical isolates, we find that, despite significant variation in persister formation in pure culture, all strains were similarly enriched for antibiotic tolerance following internalization by activated macrophages. Our findings suggest that host interaction strongly induces antibiotic tolerance and may negate bacterial mechanisms of persister formation, established in pure culture. These findings emphasize the importance of studying antibiotic tolerance in the context of bacterial interaction with the host suggest that modulation of the host response may represent a viable therapeutic strategy to sensitize S. aureus to antibiotics.
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Sandalio LM, Peláez-Vico MA, Molina-Moya E, Romero-Puertas MC. Peroxisomes as redox-signaling nodes in intracellular communication and stress responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:22-35. [PMID: 33587125 PMCID: PMC8154099 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are redox nodes playing a diverse range of roles in cell functionality and in the perception of and responses to changes in their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
- Author for communication:
| | - Maria Angeles Peláez-Vico
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Eliana Molina-Moya
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Maria C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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30
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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 inhibits α-synuclein-induced microglia inflammation to protect from neurotoxicity in Parkinson's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:23. [PMID: 33461598 PMCID: PMC7814625 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microglia activation induced by α-synuclein (α-syn) is one of the most important factors in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which α-syn exerts neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity remain largely elusive. Targeting metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been an attractive strategy to mediate microglia activation for neuroprotection, which might be an essential regulator to modulate α-syn-induced neuroinflammation for the treatment of PD. Here, we showed that mGluR5 inhibited α-syn-induced microglia inflammation to protect from neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Methods Co-immunoprecipitation assays were utilized to detect the interaction between mGluR5 and α-syn in microglia. Griess, ELISA, real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays were used to detect the regulation of α-syn-induced inflammatory signaling, cytokine secretion, and lysosome-dependent degradation. Results α-syn selectively interacted with mGluR5 but not mGluR3, and α-syn N terminal deletion region was essential for binding to mGluR5 in co-transfected HEK293T cells. The interaction between these two proteins was further detected in BV2 microglia, which was inhibited by the mGluR5 specific agonist CHPG without effect by its selective antagonist MTEP. Moreover, in both BV2 cells and primary microglia, activation of mGluR5 by CHPG partially inhibited α-syn-induced inflammatory signaling and cytokine secretion and also inhibited the microglia activation to protect from neurotoxicity. We further found that α-syn overexpression decreased mGluR5 expression via a lysosomal pathway, as evidenced by the lysosomal inhibitor, NH4Cl, by blocking mGluR5 degradation, which was not evident with the proteasome inhibitor, MG132. Additionally, co-localization of mGluR5 with α-syn was detected in lysosomes as merging with its marker, LAMP-1. Consistently, in vivo experiments with LPS- or AAV-α-syn-induced rat PD model also confirmed that α-syn accelerated lysosome-dependent degradation of mGluR5 involving a complex, to regulate neuroinflammation. Importantly, the binding is strengthened with LPS or α-syn overexpression but alleviated by urate, a potential clinical biomarker for PD. Conclusions These findings provided evidence for a novel mechanism by which the association of α-syn with mGluR5 was attributed to α-syn-induced microglia activation via modulation of mGluR5 degradation and its intracellular signaling. This may be a new molecular target for an effective therapeutic strategy for PD pathology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02079-1.
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Pan C, Zhao Y, Xie H, Zhou Y, Duan R, Li Y, Jia Y, Peng T. Effect of Low Complement C4 on Clinical Characteristics of Patients with First-Episode Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:2859-2866. [PMID: 34522097 PMCID: PMC8434927 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s322789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe and compare the clinical features of patients with first-episode neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in a normal complement C4 group and a low complement C4 group, and explore the mechanism by which low complement C4 affects the clinical features of patients with NMOSD. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 169 aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody positive patients with NMOSD from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from December 2013 to March 2021. Prior to treatment, the blood was drawn for detection, and the patients underwent a 3.0 Tesla MRI examination. A low complement C4 level was defined as a serum complement C4 level <0.14 g/L. Depending on whether the complement C4 level was reduced, it was divided into the normal complement C4 group and low complement C4 group. The basic demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and imaging findings of the two groups were compared. RESULTS Among the 169 AQP4 antibody positive patients, 54 were low-complement C4 patients and 115 were normal. There were no significant differences in the demographics, clinical manifestations, treatment options, or admission Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between two groups (P > 0.05). The median of discharged EDSS was the same (4 vs 4), but the difference between the two was statistically significant (P = 0.019). Compared with the normal complement C4 group, the blood uric acid level (225 vs 179; P = 0.001) and the C3 level (1.06 vs 0.87, P = 0.000) of the low complement C4 group were significantly lower. The incidence of brainstem lesions in patients with low complement C4 was higher (53.7% vs 33%, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION The treatment effect of the first-episode AQP4 antibody positive NMOSD low complement C4 group was poor, the blood-brain barrier was more severely damaged, and the disease changes were likely to involve the brainstem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Jia
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zhong X, Chen Y, Yao C, Xu L, Peng Y, Yang Q, Zhao M, Guo X. MicroRNA-30b participates in the pathological process of hyperuricemia by regulating interleukin-6 receptor. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 39:1162-1178. [PMID: 32643523 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2020.1780439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the expression of hyperuricemia (HUA)-related factors in the body fluids of HUA patients and in renal tissues and body fluids of HUA mice to elucidate the underlying mechanism of HUA and provide theoretical basis for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of this disease. A total of 51 HUA patients (HUA group), and 36 healthy subjects (control group) were included in the present study. The peripheral blood and urine were collected from all patients and healthy subjects. A total of 20 male Kunming mice were used to construct HUA model, and another 20 mice were used as controls. The kidney tissues, peripheral blood and urine were collected from all mice. ELISA was performed to determine the levels of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) proteins in the serum and urine of human or mice, while western blotting was employed to determine the protein expression in the kidney tissues of mice. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of mRNA and miR-30b in all sample types. Dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to identify the direct interaction between 3'-untranslated region of IL-6R mRNA and miR-30b. The expression of IL-6R mRNA and protein was increased in serum and urine of HUA patients, while the expression of miR-30b was reduced in HUA patients when compared with healthy subjects. The contents of uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine in the blood of HUA mice model were significantly elevated. Similarly, the expression of IL-6R mRNA and protein was increased in kidney, serum and urine of HUA mice model, while the expression of miR-30b was reduced in kidney tissues, serum and urine of HUA mice model. Dual luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-30b was able to bind with 3'-UTR seed region of IL-6R mRNA to regulate its expression. These findings demonstrated that the expression of IL-6R in patients and mouse with HUA is elevated, which is related with the down-regulation of miR-30b. Therefore, miR-30b might participate in the pathological process of HUA by regulating IL-6R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
| | - Chengjiao Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhong Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
| | - Qibin Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
| | - Mingcai Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central Hospital of Suining, Suining, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China.,Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, P.R. China
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Maher S, Mahmoud M, Rizk M, Kalil H. Synthetic melanin nanoparticles as peroxynitrite scavengers, photothermal anticancer and heavy metals removal platforms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19115-19126. [PMID: 30982188 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Melanin is a ubiquitous natural polyphenolic pigment with versatile applications including physiological functions. This polymeric material is found in a diversity of living organisms from bacteria to mammals. The biocompatibility and thermal stability of melanin nanoparticles make them good candidates to work as free radical scavengers and photothermal anticancer substrates. Research studies have identified melanin as an antioxidative therapeutic agent and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger that includes neutralization of peroxynitrite. In addition, melanin nanoparticles have emerged as an anticancer photothermal platform that has the capability to kill cancer cells. Recently, melanin nanoparticles have been successfully used as chelating agents to purify water from heavy metals, such as hexavalent chromium. This review article highlights some selected aspects of cutting-edge melanin applications. Herein, we will refer to the recent literature that addresses melanin nanoparticles and its useful physicochemical properties as a hot topic in biomaterial science. It is expected that the techniques of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and time-resolved Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) will have a strong impact on the full characterization of melanin nanoparticles and the subsequent exploration of their physiological and chemical mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Maher
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - Marwa Mahmoud
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Rizk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Sharourah, Najran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Haitham Kalil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mount Union, Alliance, OH, 44601, USA.
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Fujikawa H, Sakamoto Y, Masuda N, Oniki K, Kamei S, Nohara H, Nakashima R, Maruta K, Kawakami T, Eto Y, Takahashi N, Takeo T, Nakagata N, Watanabe H, Otake K, Ogata Y, Tomioka NH, Hosoyamada M, Takada T, Ueno-Shuto K, Suico MA, Kai H, Saruwatari J, Shuto T. Higher Blood Uric Acid in Female Humans and Mice as a Protective Factor against Pathophysiological Decline of Lung Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050387. [PMID: 32384764 PMCID: PMC7278835 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidant/antioxidant imbalance plays a pivotal role in the lung. Uric acid (UA), an endogenous antioxidant, is highly present in lung tissue, however, its impact on lung function under pathophysiological conditions remains unknown. In this work, pharmacological and genetic inhibition of UA metabolism in experimental mouse models of acute and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) revealed that increased plasma UA levels improved emphysematous phenotype and lung dysfunction in accordance with reduced oxidative stress specifically in female but not in male mice, despite no impact of plasma UA induction on the pulmonary phenotypes in nondiseased mice. In vitro experiments determined that UA significantly suppressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in female donor-derived primary human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells in the absence of estrogen, implying that the benefit of UA is limited to the female airway in postmenopausal conditions. Consistently, our clinical observational analyses confirmed that higher blood UA levels, as well as the SLC2A9/GLUT9 rs11722228 T/T genotype, were associated with higher lung function in elderly human females. Together, our findings provide the first unique evidence that higher blood UA is a protective factor against the pathological decline of lung function in female mice, and possibly against aging-associated physiological decline in human females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Fujikawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program”, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.S.); (N.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Natsuki Masuda
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.S.); (N.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Kentaro Oniki
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.S.); (N.M.); (K.O.)
| | - Shunsuke Kamei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program”, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, 714 Petit Science Center, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA30303, USA
| | - Hirofumi Nohara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools “HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Global Oriented) Program”, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Kasumi Maruta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Taisei Kawakami
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Yuka Eto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Noriki Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Toru Takeo
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860–0811, Japan; (T.T.); (N.N.)
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860–0811, Japan; (T.T.); (N.N.)
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
| | - Koji Otake
- Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center, Kumamoto, 2-1-1 Nagamine-minami, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 861-8520, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yasuhiro Ogata
- Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center, Kumamoto, 2-1-1 Nagamine-minami, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 861-8520, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.O.)
| | - Naoko H. Tomioka
- Human Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; (N.H.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Makoto Hosoyamada
- Human Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan; (N.H.T.); (M.H.)
| | - Tappei Takada
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan;
| | - Keiko Ueno-Shuto
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Division of Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan;
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Junji Saruwatari
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (Y.S.); (N.M.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (T.S.); Tel.: +81-96-371-4512 (J.S.); +81-96-371-4407 (T.S.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.F.); (S.K.); (H.N.); (R.N.); (K.M.); (T.K.); (Y.E.); (N.T.); (M.A.S.); (H.K.)
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (T.S.); Tel.: +81-96-371-4512 (J.S.); +81-96-371-4407 (T.S.)
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Zheng B, Fan J, He R, Yin R, Wang J, Zhong Y. Antioxidant status of uric acid, bilirubin, albumin and creatinine during the acute phase after traumatic brain injury: sex-specific features. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:833-842. [PMID: 32306800 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1758697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that the alteration of antioxidants can been seen in early phase after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in order to block oxidative damage, but little is known about the influence of sex on antioxidant system in patients with TBI. This study investigates whether there are sex differences in these endogenous antioxidant agents during the acute phase after TBI and their association with the disease. METHODS Serum levels of uric acid (UA), bilirubin, albumin and creatinine were measured in 421 individuals included 157 female TBI patients, 156 male TBI patients and 108 age- and sex-matched controls. RESULTS The statistically significant changes were found in UA, bilirubin, albumin and creatinine for both sexes with TBI, but the trend of changes in bilirubin and creatinine was opposite for gender groups. Serum levels of UA, bilirubin, albumin and creatinine were associated with the severity of TBI patients for both sexes. Male patient subgroups with elevated UA, albumin and creatinine had higher frequency of regaining consciousness in a month. Moreover, addition of UA and creatinine to the established clinical model had significantly improved the predictive performance over using clinical model alone in male patients with TBI. However, no similar findings were observed on female TBI patients. CONCLUSION Our results suggest sex-based differences in the serum endogenous antioxidant response to TBI. Use of serum UA and creatinine could help in the outcome prediction of male patients with TBI in combination with other prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bie Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianzhong Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Renhong He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ruixue Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuhua Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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The roles played by TLR4 in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis; A systematic review article. Immunol Lett 2020; 220:63-70. [PMID: 32032617 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a world-wide pro-inflammatory based disease, which is prevalent among young individuals. The etiology of the disease and its related complications are yet to be clarified. It has been hypothesized that environmental factors, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and the internal factors such as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), may be the most important inducers/stimulators of the disorder and its related complications. Previous investigations proved that pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) are the main sensors for the PAMPs and DAMPs. Therefore, it seems that the PRRs have been considered to be the plausible molecules participating in the etiology of MS. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been the widely studied PRRs and their roles have been documented in human-related diseases. TLR4 is the main PRR expressed on the cell surface of several immune cells including macrophages and dendritic cells. Several investigations reported that TLR4 to be the main molecule involved in the pathogenesis of pro-inflammatory based diseases. Thus, it has been hypothesized that TLR4 may be a part of the MS puzzle. This review article discusses the role of TLR4 in the MS pathogenesis using recent in vitro and in vivo investigations.
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Zhang W, Liu J, Li P, Wang X, Bi S, Zhang J, Zhang W, Wang H, Tang B. In situ and real-time imaging of superoxide anion and peroxynitrite elucidating arginase 1 nitration aggravating hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biomaterials 2019; 225:119499. [PMID: 31561087 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is dynamically regulated by intertwined superoxide anion (O2-)-peroxynitrite (ONOO-) cascaded molecules. Arginase 1 involves in O2-/ONOO- fluctuations and is strongly connected to IR injury. A few probes have been innovated to measure intracellular O2- or ONOO- by fluorescent imaging separately, but revealing the definite link of O2-, ONOO- and arginase 1 in situ remains unidentified in hepatic IR. Thus, a well-designed dual-color two-photon fluorescence probe (CyCA) was created for the in situ real-time detection of O2--ONOO-. Surprisingly, CyCA exhibited a suitable combination of high specificity, preeminent sensitivity, exclusive mitochondria-targeting and fast-response. On the basis of remarkable advantages, we successfully applied CyCA to visualize endogenous O2- and ONOO- in living cells and mice. The synergistic elevation of mitochondrial O2--ONOO- in IR mice was observed for the first time. Furthermore, three tyrosine nitration-sites in arginase 1 caused by ONOO- were identified in proteomic analysis, which was never reported previously. Attractively, nitro-modified arginase 1 could further promote ONOO- formation, ultimately exacerbating the intracellular redox imbalance and IR injury. These new findings decipher direct molecular links of O2--ONOO--arginase 1, and suggest effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Jihong Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Simin Bi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
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Chang B, Guan H, Zhu W, Li S. Low Uric Acid Indicates Risk of Incidence of Trigeminal Neuralgia. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 30:e556-e558. [PMID: 30939556 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a common cranial nerve disease. Uric acid (URIC), a water-soluble antioxidant discovered in human body, has been recognized in numerous recent studies to exert a crucial part in neuroprotection; however, the influence of URIC on TN remains unclear so far. This study aimed to examine the association of URIC with TN. METHODS From January 2017 to September 2018, medical records from the newly diagnosed patients with TN at the Xinhua Hospital were retrospectively recruited and analyzed. The serum URIC, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and albumin levels between TN patients and normal subjects were compared through the nonparametric tests. Moreover, the relationship of URIC levels with TN was assessed using the multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Compared with normal subjects (325.7 ± 74.3 μmol/L), URIC contents were remarkably decreased in TN patients (270.2 ± 75.9 μmol/L) (P < 0.05). Besides, URIC was regarded as a protective factor of TN, as verified by multivariate logistic regression models (odds ratio = 0.2, 95% confidence interval = 0.0-0.6; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Low URIC content is associated with the risk of incidence of TN, and appropriately increasing the URIC level may prevent TN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University
| | - Haochen Guan
- Department of Nephrology, HuaDong Hospital, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanchun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University
| | - Shiting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University
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He W, Qiu H, Zhu J, Feng W, Lin Y, Shu M, He J. The effect of uric acid on sleep quality after acute ischemic stroke. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 69:155-159. [PMID: 31420274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is a common psychiatric complication after stroke. Oxidative stress has been an important pathophysiological mechanism of sleep disturbance. However, no study has explored the relationship between uric acid (UA) and post-stroke sleep quality. This prospective study included 191 patients who were followed up for two months after acute ischemic stroke. Serum UA levels were measured at admission and divided into 3 tertiles (≤251 μmol/L, 252-326 μmol/L, ≥327 μmol/L). Patients in the 3rd tertile of UA levels had a lower incidence of poor sleep quality than those belonging to 2nd or 1st tertile, respectively (9.7% vs. 27.7% vs. 35.9%; P = 0.002). Furthermore, high UA levels (≥327 μmol/L) were independently associated with low risk of poor sleep quality (OR = 0.129, 95%CI = 0.031-0.528, P = 0.004) after adjusting for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, stroke severity, functional outcome and depressive symptoms. High modified Rankin Scale score and depressive symptoms were associated with increased risk of poor sleep quality after stroke (OR = 1.836, 95%CI = 1.035-3.354, P = 0.038) and (OR = 5.082, 95%CI = 1.709-15.115, P = 0.003). In conclusion, high UA levels may reduce the risk of poor sleep quality after acute ischemic stroke. Further randomized controlled trials are necessary in examining whether appropriate UA supplement could provide a potential prevention or therapeutic target for sleep disturbance after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilei He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Huihua Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Mental Health, Mental Health School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Wenqian Feng
- Department of Mental Health, Mental Health School, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yichang Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Meichun Shu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jincai He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Milora KA, Rall GF. Interferon Control of Neurotropic Viral Infections. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:842-856. [PMID: 31439415 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) comprise a pleiotropic family of signaling molecules that are often the first line of defense against viral infection. Inflammatory responses induced by IFN are generally well tolerated during peripheral infections; yet, the same degree of inflammation during infection of the central nervous system (CNS) could be catastrophic. Thus, IFN responses must be modified within the CNS to ensure host survival. In this review, we discuss emerging principles highlighting unique aspects of antiviral effects of IFN protection following neurotropic viral infection, chiefly using new techniques in rodent models. Evaluation of these unique responses provides insights into how the immune system eradicates or controls pathogens, while avoiding host damage. Defining these principles may have direct impact on the development of novel clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelynn A Milora
- Program in Blood Cell Development and Function, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Glenn F Rall
- Program in Blood Cell Development and Function, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Chen L, Geng L, Chen J, Yan Y, Yang L, Zhao J, Sun Q, He J, Bai L, Wang X. Effects of Urinary Kallidinogenase on NIHSS score, mRS score, and fasting glucose levels in acute ischemic stroke patients with abnormal glucose metabolism: A prospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17008. [PMID: 31464958 PMCID: PMC6736392 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary kallidinogenase may assist recovery acute ischemic stroke. This study evaluated the effect of urinary kallidinogenase on National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, modified Rankin scale (mRS) score, and fasting glucose levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) combined with diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose.Patients with AIS and abnormal glucose metabolism were enrolled in this prospective cohort study and divided into 2 groups. The human urinary kallidinogenase (HUK) group were treated with urinary kallidinogenase and standard treatment; the control group received standard treatment. NIHSS scores, mRS scores, and fasting blood glucose were evaluated and compared.A total of 113 patients were included: 58 in the HUK group and 55 in the control group. NIHSS scores decreased with treatment in both groups (time effect P < .05), but were lower in the HUK group (main effect P = .026). The mRS score decreased in both groups from 10 until 90 days after treatment (time effect P < .05); the 2 groups were similar (main effect, P = .130). Blood glucose levels decreased in both groups 10 days after treatment (time effect, P < .05), but there was no significant treatment effect (main effect, P = .635). Multivariate analysis showed blood uric acid >420 μmol/L (odds ratio [OR]: 0.053, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.008-0.350; P = .002) and application of HUK (OR: 0.217, 95% CI: 0.049-0.954; P = .043) were associated with 90% NIHSS recovery. Baseline NIHSS score was independently associated with poor curative effect.Urinary kallidinogenase with conventional therapy significantly improved NIHSS scores in patients with AIS. Urinary kallidinogenase also showed a trend toward lower fasting blood glucose levels, although the level did not reach significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
- Department of Neurology, The first hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang
| | - Lianxia Geng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Junmin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Junna He
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Lin Bai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
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Waslo C, Bourdette D, Gray N, Wright K, Spain R. Lipoic Acid and Other Antioxidants as Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Treat Options Neurol 2019; 21:26. [PMID: 31056714 DOI: 10.1007/s11940-019-0566-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), when oxidative forces outweigh endogenous and nutritional antioxidant defenses, contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Evidence of OS is found during acute relapses, in active inflammatory lesions, and in chronic, longstanding plaques. OS results in both ongoing inflammation and neurodegeneration. Antioxidant therapies are a rational strategy for people with MS with all phenotypes and disease durations. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To understand the function of OS in health and disease, to examine the contributions of OS to MS pathophysiology, and to review current evidence for the effects of selected antioxidant therapies in people with MS (PwMS) with a focus on lipoic acid (LA). RECENT FINDINGS: Studies of antioxidant interventions in both animal and in vivo models result in reductions in serum markers of OS and increases in levels and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Antioxidant trials in PwMS, while generally underpowered, detect short-term improvements in markers of OS and antioxidant defenses, and to a lesser extent, in clinical symptoms (fatigue, depression). The best evidence to date is a 2-year trial of LA in secondary progressive MS which demonstrated a significant reduction of whole-brain atrophy and trend toward improvement in walking speed. Antioxidant therapy is a promising approach to treat MS across the spectrum and duration of disease. Rigorous and well-powered trials are needed to determine their therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carin Waslo
- Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Dennis Bourdette
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road - L226, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Nora Gray
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road - L226, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Kirsten Wright
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road - L226, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Rebecca Spain
- Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road - L226, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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Uric Acid Provides Protective Role in Red Blood Cells by Antioxidant Defense: A Hypothetical Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3435174. [PMID: 31049132 PMCID: PMC6458867 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3435174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is a major antioxidant molecule in the human blood, and it has been linked with cell longevity. However, it is unclear whether serum UA levels are associated with red blood cell (RBC) indexes. This cross-sectional study included 10,759 Chinese subjects, recruited from the Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital from January 2014 to December 2017. The participants were categorized into gender groups and then further divided into three different subgroups according to their UA reference range as follows: low (male (UA < 0.202 mmol/l), female (UA < 0.143 mmol/l)), normal (male (0.417 mmol/l > UA ≥ 0.202 mmol/l), female (0.339 mmol/l > UA ≥ 0.143 mmol/l)), and high (male (UA ≥ 0.417 mmol/l), female (UA ≥ 0.339 mmol/l)). The associations of UA levels with RBC parameters were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations, and multivariate linear regression. The levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, RBCs, and hemoglobin were lowest in the low UA group, followed by the normal UA group and high UA group (p < 0.001). Pearson analysis showed that there was a statistically significant correlation between UA levels with mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, mean corpuscular volumes, RBC counts, and hemoglobin (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that there were statistically significant positive correlations between UA levels and RBC counts (B = 0.245, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.003 to 0.092), as well as UA levels and hemoglobin concentrations (B = 0.138, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.002 to 0.082). Furthermore, similar results were observed in both the male and female subgroups. The serum UA levels may be independently associated with RBC parameters, regardless of sex, and UA may protect RBCs owing to its antioxidant effect.
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Goldim MP, Danielski LG, Rodrigues JF, Joaquim L, Garbossa L, de Oliveira Junior AN, Metzker KLL, Giustina AD, Cardoso T, Barichello T, Petronilho F. Oxidative stress in the choroid plexus contributes to blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier disruption during sepsis development. Microvasc Res 2019; 123:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Li S, Shao M, Li D, Tang B, Cao W, Sun X. Association of serum uric acid levels with primary open-angle glaucoma: a 5-year case-control study. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:e356-e363. [PMID: 29673085 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been hypothesised that uric acid (UA) has a protective effect against oxidative damage in the central nervous system. Therefore, we investigated serum UA concentrations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and explored the relationship between serum UA concentration and glaucoma severity. METHODS This prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted in 163 POAG patients and 103 normal controls. Clinical and demographic information was obtained from the medical data platform of the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. The POAG patients were categorised into mild [median deviation (MD) ≤ 6.00 dB], moderate (MD > 6 Db-≥12 dB) and severe (MD > 12 dB) subgroups, based on their visual field MD results. RESULTS The level of serum UA in the POAG group (0.321 ± 0.084 mmol/l) was approximately 12.77% lower (p < 0.001) than that of the control group (0.362 ± 0.053 mmol/l). The UA/creatinine (Cr) ratio was approximately 14.99% lower (p < 0.001) in patients with POAG (4.47 ± 1.15), compared with the control group (5.14 ± 1.05). The mean level of UA was lowest in the severe POAG group, followed by the moderate POAG group, and the mild POAG group (p < 0.001). A similar trend was observed when UA levels were compared between the POAG and control groups in males. Multivariate regression analyses showed a significant negative correlation between UA and vertical cup-disc ratio (B = -0.320, p = 0.034), and UA and MD (B = -0.441, p = 0.031) in males. CONCLUSION Primary open-angle glaucoma patients have lower UA levels; however, a negative association between UA levels and disease severity was evident in male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Mingxi Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Danhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of Education Medical School Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Binghua Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Wenjun Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia Ministry of Health (Fudan University) Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration (Fudan University) Shanghai China
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Unique Regulation of Enterocyte Brush Border Membrane Na-Glutamine and Na-Alanine Co-Transport by Peroxynitrite during Chronic Intestinal Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061504. [PMID: 30917504 PMCID: PMC6470611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Na-amino acid co-transporters (NaAAcT) are uniquely affected in rabbit intestinal villus cell brush border membrane (BBM) during chronic intestinal inflammation. Specifically, Na-alanine co-transport (ASCT1) is inhibited secondary to a reduction in the affinity of the co-transporter for alanine, whereas Na-glutamine co-transport (B0AT1) is inhibited secondary to a reduction in BBM co-transporter numbers. During chronic intestinal inflammation, there is abundant production of the potent oxidant peroxynitrite (OONO). However, whether OONO mediates the unique alteration in NaAAcT in intestinal epithelial cells during chronic intestinal inflammation is unknown. In this study, ASCT1 and B0AT1 were inhibited by OONO in vitro. The mechanism of inhibition of ASCT1 by OONO was secondary to a reduction in the affinity of the co-transporter for alanine, and secondary to a reduction in the number of co-transporters for B0AT1, which were further confirmed by Western blot analyses. In conclusion, peroxynitrite inhibited both BBM ASCT1 and B0AT1 in intestinal epithelial cells but by different mechanisms. These alterations in the villus cells are similar to those seen in the rabbit model of chronic enteritis. Therefore, this study indicates that peroxynitrite may mediate the inhibition of ASCT1 and B0AT1 during inflammation, when OONO levels are known to be elevated in the mucosa.
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Association between Pretreatment Serum Uric Acid Levels and Progression of Newly Diagnosed Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Prospective Cohort Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7919836. [PMID: 30881597 PMCID: PMC6383391 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7919836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Increased evidence reveals that uric acid (UA) may have an important neuroprotective effect through its antioxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between pretreatment serum UA levels and the progression of newly diagnosed primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Methods This prospective observational cohort study included 64 patients with newly diagnosed PACG who were followed up for a mean period of 12.77 months (range: 3–28 months). All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmological examination during the baseline and final follow-up visits, together with the acquisition of blood samples for UA measurements. During the follow-up period, the progression of PACG was defined as a clinical diagnosis of medically uncontrolled intraocular pressure and a loss of visual field with a mean deviation of >1 dB/year. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between baseline serum UA levels and the progression of PACG. The cumulative probability of progression of glaucoma was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results During follow-up, 32 subjects were defined as progressive PACG, among whom baseline UA values were significantly higher in nonprogressing subjects than in progressing subjects (0.314 ± 0.069 mmol/l versus [vs.] 0.258 ± 0.069 mmol/l, respectively; P = 0.002). Similar results were also observed in male and female subgroups (P < 0.05). In a multivariable model, a decreased baseline serum UA level was associated with an increased risk for progressing PACG: both in male (hazard ratio [HR] 6.088 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.163–31.8638]; P = 0.032) and female subjects (HR 3.565 [95% CI 1.131–11.236]; P = 0.030). Subjects with high UA levels demonstrated higher cumulative probabilities of nonprogressing PACG than those with low UA levels (male [16.67% vs. 80.00%; P = 0.0084] and female [29.41% vs. 68.00%; P = 0.0182]). Conclusion An association between high baseline serum UA levels and a decreased risk for progressing PACG was found. This primary finding suggests that high serum UA levels may have a protective role against PACG and could slow disease progression.
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Zhou Y, Li P, Fan N, Wang X, Liu X, Wu L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Ma C, Tang B. In situ visualization of peroxisomal peroxynitrite in the livers of mice with acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride using a new two-photon fluorescent probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6767-6770. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02483b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In situ visualization of peroxisomal peroxynitrite in the livers of mice with acute liver injury using a new two-photon fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Nannan Fan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
| | - Changle Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University
- Jinan 250014
- People's Republic of China
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Silva RP, Carvalho LAC, Patricio ES, Bonifacio JPP, Chaves-Filho AB, Miyamoto S, Meotti FC. Identification of urate hydroperoxide in neutrophils: A novel pro-oxidant generated in inflammatory conditions. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 126:177-186. [PMID: 30118829 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Uric acid is the final product of purine metabolism in humans and is considered to be quantitatively the main antioxidant in plasma. In vitro studies showed that the oxidation of uric acid by peroxidases, in presence of superoxide, generates urate free radical and urate hydroperoxide. Urate hydroperoxide is a strong oxidant and might be a relevant intermediate in inflammatory conditions. However, the identification of urate hydroperoxide in cells and biological samples has been a challenge due to its high reactivity. By using mass spectrometry, we undoubtedly demonstrated the formation of urate hydroperoxide and its corresponding alcohol, hydroxyisourate during the respiratory burst in peripheral blood neutrophils and in human leukemic cells differentiated in neutrophils (dHL-60). The respiratory burst was induced by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and greatly increased oxygen consumption and superoxide production. Both oxygen consumption and superoxide production were further augmented by incubation with uric acid. Conversely, uric acid significantly decreased the levels of HOCl, probably because of the competition with chloride by the catalysis of myeloperoxidase. In spite of the decrease in HOCl, the overall oxidative status, measured by GSH/GSSG ratio, was augmented in the presence of uric acid. In summary, the present results support the formation of urate hydroperoxide, a novel oxidant in neutrophils oxidative burst. Urate hydroperoxide is a strong oxidant and alters the redox balance toward a pro-oxidative environment. The production of urate hydroperoxide in inflammatory conditions could explain, at least in part, the harmful effect associated to uric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Railmara P Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (IQUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa A C Carvalho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (IQUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliziane S Patricio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (IQUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João P P Bonifacio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (IQUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano B Chaves-Filho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (IQUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (IQUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavia C Meotti
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (IQUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Manoharan P, Sundaram S, Singh S, Sundaram U. Inducible Nitric Oxide Regulates Brush Border Membrane Na-Glucose Co-transport, but Not Na:H Exchange via p38 MAP Kinase in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Cells 2018; 7:cells7080111. [PMID: 30126234 PMCID: PMC6115905 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During chronic intestinal inflammation in rabbit intestinal villus cells brush border membrane (BBM) Na-glucose co-transport (SGLT1), but not Na/H exchange (NHE3) is inhibited. The mechanism of inhibition is secondary to a decrease in the number of BBM co-transporters. In the chronic enteritis mucosa, inducible nitric oxide (iNO) and superoxide production are known to be increased and together they produce abundant peroxynitrite (OONO), a potent oxidant. However, whether OONO mediates the SGLT1 and NHE3 changes in intestinal epithelial cells during chronic intestinal inflammation is unknown. Thus, we determined the effect of OONO on SGLT1 and NHE3 in small intestinal epithelial cell (IEC-18) monolayers grown on trans well plates. In cells treated with 100 μM SIN-1 (OONO donor) for 24 h, SGLT1 was inhibited while NHE3 activity was unaltered. SIN-1 treated cells produced 40 times more OONO fluorescence compared to control cells. Uric acid (1mM) a natural scavenger of OONO prevented the OONO mediated SGLT1 inhibition. Na+/K+-ATPase which maintains the favorable trans-cellular Na gradient for Na-dependent absorptive processes was decreased by OONO. Kinetics studies demonstrated that the mechanism of inhibition of SGLT1 by OONO was secondary to reduction in the number of co-transporters (Vmax) without an alteration in the affinity. Western blot analysis showed a significant decrease in SGLT1 protein expression. Further, p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway appeared to mediate the OONO inhibition of SGLT1. Finally, at the level of the co-transporter, 3-Nitrotyrosine formation appears to be the mechanism of inhibition of SGLT1. In conclusion, peroxynitrite inhibited BBM SGLT1, but not NHE3 in intestinal epithelial cells. These changes and the mechanism of SGLT1 inhibition by OONO in IEC-18 cells is identical to that seen in villus cells during chronic enteritis. Thus, these data indicate that peroxynitrite, known to be elevated in the mucosa, may mediate the inhibition of villus cell BBM SGLT1 in vivo in the chronically inflamed intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanikumar Manoharan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry & Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
| | - Shanmuga Sundaram
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA.
| | - Soudamani Singh
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA.
| | - Uma Sundaram
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences and Appalachian Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA.
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