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El-Shoura EAM, Abdelzaher LA, Mahmoud NI, Farghaly OA, Sabry M, Girgis Shahataa M, Salem EA, Saad HM, Elhussieny O, Kozman MR, Atwa AM. Combined sulforaphane and β-sitosterol mitigate olanzapine-induced metabolic disorders in rats: Insights on FOXO, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT3, and MAPK signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112904. [PMID: 39116489 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
One of the best antipsychotics for treating schizophrenia and bipolar disorders is olanzapine (OLA). However, its use is restricted owing to unfavorable adverse effects as liver damage, dyslipidemia, and weight gain. The primary objective of the present investigation was to examine the signaling mechanisms that underlie the metabolic disruption generated by OLA. Besides, the potential protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) and β-sitosterol (βSS) against obesity and metabolic toxicity induced by OLA were inspected as well. A total of five groups of male Wistar rats were established, including the control, OLA, SFN+OLA, βSS+OLA, and the combination + OLA groups. Hepatic histopathology, biochemical analyses, ultimate body weights, liver function, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated. In addition to the relative expression of FOXO, the signaling pathways for PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT3, and MAPK were assessed as well. All biochemical and hepatic histopathological abnormalities caused by OLA were alleviated by SFN and/or βSS. A substantial decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP), proinflammatory cytokines, serum lipid profile parameters, hepatic MDA, TBIL, AST, and ALT were reduced through SFN or/and βSS. To sum up, the detrimental effects of OLA are mediated by alterations in the Akt/FOXO3a/ATG12, Ras/SOS2/Raf-1/MEK/ERK1/2, and Smad3,4/TGF-β signaling pathways. The administration of SFN and/or βSS has the potential to mitigate the metabolic deficit, biochemical imbalances, hepatic histological abnormalities, and the overall unfavorable consequences induced by OLA by modulating the abovementioned signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab A M El-Shoura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
| | - Lobna A Abdelzaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nesreen I Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Omar A Farghaly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Sabry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Egypt
| | - Mary Girgis Shahataa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Esraa A Salem
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen ElKom, 32511, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh 51744, Egypt
| | - Omnya Elhussieny
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh 51744, Egypt
| | - Magy R Kozman
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12563, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Atwa
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar 64001, Iraq
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Zhang J, Jiang Y, Dong X, Meng Z, Ji L, Kang Y, Liu M, Zhou W, Song W. Alpha-lipoic acid alleviates cognitive deficits in transgenic APP23/PS45 mice through a mitophagy-mediated increase in ADAM10 α-secretase cleavage of APP. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:160. [PMID: 39030577 PMCID: PMC11264788 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has a neuroprotective effect on neurodegenerative diseases. In the clinic, ALA can improve cognitive impairments in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. Animal studies have confirmed the anti-amyloidosis effect of ALA, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In particular, the role of ALA in amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) metabolism has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether ALA can reduce the amyloidogenic effect of APP in a transgenic mouse model of AD, and to study the mechanism underlying this effect. METHODS ALA was infused into 2-month-old APP23/PS45 transgenic mice for 4 consecutive months and their cognitive function and AD-like pathology were then evaluated. An ALA drug concentration gradient was applied to 20E2 cells in vitro to evaluate its effect on the expression of APP proteolytic enzymes and metabolites. The mechanism by which ALA affects APP processing was studied using GI254023X, an inhibitor of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10), as well as the mitochondrial toxic drug carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). RESULTS Administration of ALA ameliorated amyloid plaque neuropathology in the brain tissue of APP23/PS45 mice and reduced learning and memory impairment. ALA also increased the expression of ADAM10 in 20E2 cells and the non-amyloidogenic processing of APP to produce the 83 amino acid C-terminal fragment (C83). In addition to activating autophagy, ALA also significantly promoted mitophagy. BNIP3L-knockdown reduced the mat/pro ratio of ADAM10. By using CCCP, ALA was found to regulate BNIP3L-mediated mitophagy, thereby promoting the α-cleavage of APP. CONCLUSIONS The enhanced α-secretase cleavage of APP by ADAM10 is the primary mechanism through which ALA ameliorates the cognitive deficits in APP23/PS45 transgenic mice. BNIP3L-mediated mitophagy contributes to the anti-amyloid properties of ALA by facilitating the maturation of ADAM10. This study provides novel experimental evidence for the treatment of AD with ALA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanshuang Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangjun Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zijun Meng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangye Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingjing Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihui Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Weihong Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and the Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China.
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Zimmermann A, Madeo F, Diwan A, Sadoshima J, Sedej S, Kroemer G, Abdellatif M. Metabolic control of mitophagy. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14138. [PMID: 38041247 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major hallmark of ageing and related chronic disorders. Controlled removal of damaged mitochondria by the autophagic machinery, a process known as mitophagy, is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. The central role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism places mitochondrial removal at the interface of key metabolic pathways affecting the biosynthesis or catabolism of acetyl-coenzyme A, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, polyamines, as well as fatty acids and amino acids. Molecular switches that integrate the metabolic status of the cell, like AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase A, mechanistic target of rapamycin and sirtuins, have also emerged as important regulators of mitophagy. In this review, we discuss how metabolic regulation intersects with mitophagy. We place special emphasis on the metabolic regulatory circuits that may be therapeutically targeted to delay ageing and mitochondria-associated chronic diseases. Moreover, we identify outstanding knowledge gaps, such as the ill-defined distinction between basal and damage-induced mitophagy, which must be resolved to boost progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Division of Cardiology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, and John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Chen Y, Tang W, Huang X, An Y, Li J, Yuan S, Shan H, Zhang M. Mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage: a new target for therapeutic intervention. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:316-323. [PMID: 37488884 PMCID: PMC10503626 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition with a high fatality rate and severe sequelae. However, there is currently no treatment available for intracerebral hemorrhage, unlike for other stroke subtypes. Recent studies have indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy likely relate to the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage. Mitophagy, or selective autophagy of mitochondria, is an essential pathway to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing up damaged mitochondria. Mitophagy markedly contributes to the reduction of secondary brain injury caused by mitochondrial dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage. This review provides an overview of the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage and the underlying mechanisms regarding how mitophagy regulates it, and discusses the new direction of therapeutic strategies targeting mitophagy for intracerebral hemorrhage, aiming to determine the close connection between mitophagy and intracerebral hemorrhage and identify new therapies to modulate mitophagy after intracerebral hemorrhage. In conclusion, although only a small number of drugs modulating mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage have been found thus far, most of which are in the preclinical stage and require further investigation, mitophagy is still a very valid and promising therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhage in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Chen
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine, Key Lab of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxuan Tang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinqi Huang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yumei An
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shengye Yuan
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine, Key Lab of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai, China
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Podinić T, MacAndrew A, Raha S. Trophoblast Syncytialization: A Metabolic Crossroads. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 71:101-125. [PMID: 37996675 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37936-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
During placentation, villous cytotrophoblast (CTB) stem cells proliferate and fuse, giving rise to the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (STB), which represents the terminally differentiated villous layer as well as the maternal-fetal interface. The syncytiotrophoblast is at the forefront of nutrient, gas, and waste exchange while also harboring essential endocrine functions to support pregnancy and fetal development. Considering that mitochondrial dynamics and respiration have been implicated in stem cell fate decisions of several cell types and that the placenta is a mitochondria-rich organ, we will highlight the role of mitochondria in facilitating trophoblast differentiation and maintaining trophoblast function. We discuss both the process of syncytialization and the distinct metabolic characteristics associated with CTB and STB sub-lineages prior to and during syncytialization. As mitochondrial respiration is tightly coupled to redox homeostasis, we emphasize the adaptations of mitochondrial respiration to the hypoxic placental environment. Furthermore, we highlight the critical role of mitochondria in conferring the steroidogenic potential of the STB following differentiation. Ultimately, mitochondrial function and morphological changes centrally regulate respiration and influence trophoblast fate decisions through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whose levels modulate the transcriptional activation or suppression of pluripotency or commitment genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Podinić
- Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andie MacAndrew
- Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Anjum S, Srivastava S, Panigrahi L, Ansari UA, Trivedi AK, Ahmed S. TORC1 mediated regulation of mitochondrial integrity and calcium ion homeostasis by Wat1/mLst8 in S. pombe. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126907. [PMID: 37717872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The mTOR complexes play a fundamental role in mitochondrial biogenesis and cellular homeostasis. Wat1, an ortholog of mammalian Lst8 is an important component of TOR complex and is essential for the regulation of downstream signaling. Earlier we reported the role of Wat1 in oxidative stress response. Here, we have shown that the abrogation of wat1 causes respiratory defects and mitochondrial depolarization that leads to a decrease in ATP production. The confocal and electron microscopy in wat1Δ cells revealed the fragmented mitochondrial morphology implying its role in mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, we also showed its role in autophagy and the maintenance of calcium ion homeostasis. Additionally, tor2-287 mutant cells also exhibit defects in mitochondrial integrity indicating the TORC1-dependent involvement of Wat1 in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. The interaction studies of Wat1 and Tor2 with Por1 and Mmm1 proteins revealed a plausible cross-talk between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum through the Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM) and endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) complex, involving TORC1. Taken together, this study demonstrates the involvement of Wat1/mLst8 in harmonizing various mitochondrial functions, redox status, and Ca2+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simmi Anjum
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Swati Srivastava
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Lalita Panigrahi
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Uzair Ahmad Ansari
- System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicological Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Arun Kumar Trivedi
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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7
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MacLeod CM, Yousufzai FAK, Spencer LT, Kim S, Rivera-Rosario LA, Barrera ZD, Walsh L, Krummenacher C, Carone B, Soto I. Trehalose enhances mitochondria deficits in human NPC1 mutant fibroblasts but disrupts mouse Purkinje cell dendritic growth ex vivo. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294312. [PMID: 38033125 PMCID: PMC10688965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes play important roles in catabolism, nutrient sensing, metabolic signaling, and homeostasis. NPC1 deficiency disrupts lysosomal function by inducing cholesterol accumulation that leads to early neurodegeneration in Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease. Mitochondria pathology and deficits in NPC1 deficient cells are associated with impaired lysosomal proteolysis and metabolic signaling. It is thought that activation of the transcription factor TFEB, an inducer of lysosome biogenesis, restores lysosomal-autophagy activity in lysosomal storage disorders. Here, we investigated the effect of trehalose, a TFEB activator, in the mitochondria pathology of NPC1 mutant fibroblasts in vitro and in mouse developmental Purkinje cells ex vivo. We found that in NPC1 mutant fibroblasts, serum starvation or/and trehalose treatment, both activators of TFEB, reversed mitochondria fragmentation to a more tubular mitochondrion. Trehalose treatment also decreased the accumulation of Filipin+ cholesterol in NPC1 mutant fibroblasts. However, trehalose treatment in cerebellar organotypic slices (COSCs) from wild-type and Npc1nmf164 mice caused mitochondria fragmentation and lack of dendritic growth and degeneration in developmental Purkinje cells. Our data suggest, that although trehalose successfully restores mitochondria length and decreases cholesterol accumulation in NPC1 mutant fibroblasts, in COSCs, Purkinje cells mitochondria and dendritic growth are negatively affected possibly through the overactivation of the TFEB-lysosomal-autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collin M. MacLeod
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Fawad A. K. Yousufzai
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | - Liam T. Spencer
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Sarah Kim
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | | | - Zerian D. Barrera
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | - Lindsay Walsh
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Claude Krummenacher
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Carone
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, United States of America
| | - Ileana Soto
- Department of Biology, Providence College, Providence, RI, United States of America
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Wang S, Long H, Hou L, Feng B, Ma Z, Wu Y, Zeng Y, Cai J, Zhang DW, Zhao G. The mitophagy pathway and its implications in human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:304. [PMID: 37582956 PMCID: PMC10427715 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles with multiple functions. They participate in necrotic cell death and programmed apoptotic, and are crucial for cell metabolism and survival. Mitophagy serves as a cytoprotective mechanism to remove superfluous or dysfunctional mitochondria and maintain mitochondrial fine-tuning numbers to balance intracellular homeostasis. Growing evidences show that mitophagy, as an acute tissue stress response, plays an important role in maintaining the health of the mitochondrial network. Since the timely removal of abnormal mitochondria is essential for cell survival, cells have evolved a variety of mitophagy pathways to ensure that mitophagy can be activated in time under various environments. A better understanding of the mechanism of mitophagy in various diseases is crucial for the treatment of diseases and therapeutic target design. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy-mediated mitochondrial elimination, how mitophagy maintains mitochondrial homeostasis at the system levels and organ, and what alterations in mitophagy are related to the development of diseases, including neurological, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, renal disease, etc., in recent advances. Finally, we summarize the potential clinical applications and outline the conditions for mitophagy regulators to enter clinical trials. Research advances in signaling transduction of mitophagy will have an important role in developing new therapeutic strategies for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouliang Wang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Haijiao Long
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lianjie Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Baorong Feng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihong Ma
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Wu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahao Cai
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Guojun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China.
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Liu C, Li H, Duan W, Duan Y, Yu Q, Zhang T, Sun Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Xu S. MCU Upregulation Overactivates Mitophagy by Promoting VDAC1 Dimerization and Ubiquitination in the Hepatotoxicity of Cadmium. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2203869. [PMID: 36642847 PMCID: PMC9982555 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a high-risk pathogenic toxin for hepatic diseases. Excessive mitophagy is a hallmark in Cd-induced hepatotoxicity. However, the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is a key regulator for mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. Here, Cd exposure upregulated MCU expression and increased mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake are found. MCU inhibition through siRNA or by Ru360 significantly attenuates Cd-induced excessive mitophagy, thereby rescues mitochondrial dysfunction and increases hepatocyte viability. Heterozygous MCU knockout mice exhibit improved liver function, ameliorated pathological damage, less mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitophagy after Cd exposure. Mechanistically, Cd upregulates MCU expression through phosphorylation activation of cAMP-response element binding protein at Ser133(CREBS133 ) and subsequent binding of MCU promoter at the TGAGGTCT, ACGTCA, and CTCCGTGATGTA regions, leading to increased MCU gene transcription. The upregulated MCU intensively interacts with voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1), enhances its dimerization and ubiquitination, resulting in excessive mitophagy. This study reveals a novel mechanism, through which Cd upregulates MCU to enhance mitophagy and hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Juan Li
- Institute of Rocket Force MedicineState Key Laboratory of TraumaBurns and Combined InjuryThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing400038P. R. China
| | - Wei‐Xia Duan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Yu Duan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Qin Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- Bioengineering College of Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Pei Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- School of Public HealthNanjing Medical University211166NanjingP. R. China
| | - Yuan‐Yuan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Yong‐Sheng Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
| | - Shang‐Cheng Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and PoisoningChongqing400060P. R. China
- National Emergency Response Team for Sudden Poisoningthe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqing400060P. R. China
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10
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Progranulin Deficiency Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration with TDP-43 Inclusions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030581. [PMID: 36978829 PMCID: PMC10044829 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in GRN gene, which encodes progranulin (PGRN), cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP). FTLD-TDP is one of the most common forms of early onset dementia, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we have investigated whether mitochondrial alterations could also contribute to the pathogenesis of PGRN deficiency-associated FTLD-TDP. Our results showed that PGRN deficiency induced mitochondrial depolarization, increased ROS production and lowered ATP levels in GRN KD SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Interestingly, lymphoblasts from FTLD-TDP patients carrying a LOF mutation in the GRN gene (c.709-1G > A) also demonstrated mitochondrial depolarization and lower ATP levels. Such mitochondrial damage increased mitochondrial fission to remove dysfunctional mitochondria by mitophagy. Interestingly, PGRN-deficient cells showed elevated mitochondrial mass together with autophagy dysfunction, implying that PGRN deficiency induced the accumulation of damaged mitochondria by blocking its degradation in the lysosomes. Importantly, the treatment with two brain-penetrant CK-1δ inhibitors (IGS-2.7 and IGS-3.27), known for preventing the phosphorylation and cytosolic accumulation of TDP-43, rescued mitochondrial function in PGRN-deficient cells. Taken together, these results suggest that mitochondrial function is impaired in FTLD-TDP associated with LOF GRN mutations and that the TDP-43 pathology linked to PGRN deficiency might be a key mechanism contributing to such mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, our results point to the use of drugs targeting TDP-43 pathology as a promising therapeutic strategy for restoring mitochondrial function in FTLD-TDP and other TDP-43-related diseases.
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11
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Bushra, Maha IF, Xie X, Yin F. Integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of encystation in Cryptocaryon irritans regulated by rapamycin. Vet Parasitol 2023; 314:109868. [PMID: 36603452 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Encystation in Cryptocaryon irritans is a fundamental process for environmental resistance and development. Autophagy participates in the encystation of ciliates, and rapamycin can induce autophagy in the cells. A set of genes and metabolites related to autophagy and encystation are highly elaborative. The existence of these genes and metabolites and their role are well characterized. However, little is known about their role in protozoans such as ciliates. The newly produced C. irritans protomonts were exposed to an optimal concentration of rapamycin (1400 nM), and the survival, encystation, microstructure/ultrastructure, transcriptomic and metabolomic profile in treated and control protomonts were investigated. The results showed that exposure of protomonts to rapamycin at 4 h significantly lowered the survival and encystation rates to 91.62 % and 98.44 % compared to the control group (100 %, p ≤ 0.05). Morphological alterations observed in light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that the drug significantly changed cell symmetry by causing the formation of various autophagic vacuoles/vesicles. The transcriptome sequencing of rapamycin-treated protomont revealed that 2249 (1837 up-regulated and 977 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that 226 DEGs were successfully annotated in 21 pathways (p˂0.05), including most enriched pathways apoptosis and phagosome with 25 and 24 DEGs, respectively. Most unigenes were assigned to autophagy-related pathways; 24 DEGs were classified into phagosomes, and 15 DEGs were assigned to lysosome pathways. Cytoskeleton and cell progression-associated genes were down-regulated. Besides, cell death-inducing proteins were up-regulated. The metabolomic analysis revealed exposure to rapamycin treatment enhanced protomont metabolites, including L-Cysteine, which is related to autophagy. Rapamycin had influenced the gene and metabolites of protomont; activating autophagy with inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin, (mTOR). The process negatively influences protomont morphology, encystation, and survival. Further autophagy-related gene silencing can be investigated via genome sequencing of C. irritans to study encystation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Ivon F Maha
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xiao Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Fei Yin
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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12
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FUNDC1 Mediated Mitophagy in Epileptic Hippocampal Neuronal Injury Induced by Magnesium-Free Fluid. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:284-294. [PMID: 36094682 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03749-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitophagy plays a key role in epileptic neuronal injury, and recent studies have shown that FUNDC1 plays an important role in regulating mitophagy. However, the specific effect of FUNDC1 on neuronal damage in epilepsy is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of FUNDC1 in mitophagy and neuronal apoptosis using a hippocampal neuronal culture model of acquired epilepsy (AE) in vitro. We found that mitophagy levels were significantly increased in this model, as indicated by elevated LC3A/B ratios. FUNDC1 overexpression using lentiviral vectors enhanced mitophagy, whereas FUNDC1 down-regulation using lentiviral vectors impaired this process. Overexpression of FUNDC1 significantly decreased AE-induced superoxide anion, enhanced cell viability, reduced oxidative stress, and reduced neuronal apoptosis in epileptic hippocampus, while FUNDC1 down-regulation caused the opposite effect. In conclusion, we demonstrated that FUNDC1 is an important modulator of AE-induced neuronal apoptosis by controlling mitophagy function.
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13
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Robichaux DJ, Harata M, Murphy E, Karch J. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore-dependent necrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 174:47-55. [PMID: 36410526 PMCID: PMC9868081 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP)-dependent cell death is a form of necrotic cell death that is driven by mitochondrial dysfunction by the opening of the mPTP and is triggered by increases in matrix levels of Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species. This form of cell death has been implicated in ischemic injuries of the heart and brain as well as numerous degenerative diseases in the brain and skeletal muscle. This review focuses on the molecular triggers and regulators of mPTP-dependent necrosis in the context of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Research over the past 50 years has led to the identity of regulators and putative pore-forming components of the mPTP. Finally, downstream consequences of activation of the mPTP as well as ongoing questions and areas of research are discussed. These questions pose a particular interest as targeting the mPTP could potentially represent an efficacious therapeutic strategy to reduce infarct size following an ischemic event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexter J Robichaux
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mikako Harata
- Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Cardiovascular Branch, NHLBI, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jason Karch
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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14
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Sparks NRL, Walker LM, Sera SR, Madrid JV, Hanna M, Dominguez EC, zur Nieden NI. Sidestream Smoke Extracts from Harm-Reduction and Conventional Camel Cigarettes Inhibit Osteogenic Differentiation via Oxidative Stress and Differential Activation of intrinsic Apoptotic Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2474. [PMID: 36552682 PMCID: PMC9774253 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest cigarette smoking as a probable environmental factor for a variety of congenital anomalies, including low bone mass, increased fracture risk and poor skeletal health. Human and animal in vitro models have confirmed hypomineralization of differentiating cell lines with sidestream smoke being more harmful to developing cells than mainstream smoke. Furthermore, first reports are emerging to suggest a differential impact of conventional versus harm-reduction tobacco products on bone tissue as it develops in the embryo or in vitro. To gather first insight into the molecular mechanism of such differences, we assessed the effect of sidestream smoke solutions from Camel (conventional) and Camel Blue (harm-reduction) cigarettes using a human embryonic stem cell osteogenic differentiation model. Sidestream smoke from the conventional Camel cigarettes concentration-dependently inhibited in vitro calcification triggered by high levels of mitochondrially generated oxidative stress, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced ATP production. Camel sidestream smoke also induced DNA damage and caspase 9-dependent apoptosis. Camel Blue-exposed cells, in contrast, invoked only intermediate levels of reactive oxygen species insufficient to activate caspase 3/7. Despite the absence of apoptotic gene activation, damage to the mitochondrial phenotype was still noted concomitant with activation of an anti-inflammatory gene signature and inhibited mineralization. Collectively, the presented findings in differentiating pluripotent stem cells imply that embryos may exhibit low bone mineral density if exposed to environmental smoke during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R. L. Sparks
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Lauren M. Walker
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Steven R. Sera
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Joseph V. Madrid
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Michael Hanna
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Edward C. Dominguez
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Nicole I. zur Nieden
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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15
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Martelli A, Omrani M, Zarghooni M, Citi V, Brogi S, Calderone V, Sureda A, Lorzadeh S, da Silva Rosa SC, Grabarek BO, Staszkiewicz R, Los MJ, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Mehrbod P, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. New Visions on Natural Products and Cancer Therapy: Autophagy and Related Regulatory Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5839. [PMID: 36497321 PMCID: PMC9738256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) has been a highly conserved process throughout evolution and allows cells to degrade aggregated/misfolded proteins, dysfunctional or superfluous organelles and damaged macromolecules, in order to recycle them for biosynthetic and/or energetic purposes to preserve cellular homeostasis and health. Changes in autophagy are indeed correlated with several pathological disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, infections, cancer and inflammatory diseases. Conversely, autophagy controls both apoptosis and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cells. Therefore, any changes in the autophagy pathway will affect both the UPR and apoptosis. Recent evidence has shown that several natural products can modulate (induce or inhibit) the autophagy pathway. Natural products may target different regulatory components of the autophagy pathway, including specific kinases or phosphatases. In this review, we evaluated ~100 natural compounds and plant species and their impact on different types of cancers via the autophagy pathway. We also discuss the impact of these compounds on the UPR and apoptosis via the autophagy pathway. A multitude of preclinical findings have shown the function of botanicals in regulating cell autophagy and its potential impact on cancer therapy; however, the number of related clinical trials to date remains low. In this regard, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to better clarify the utility of natural compounds and their modulatory effects on autophagy, as fine-tuning of autophagy could be translated into therapeutic applications for several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzieh Omrani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarghooni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumna, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition, Oxidative Stress and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Simone C. da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Beniamin Oscar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- GynCentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, 40-851 Katowice, Poland
| | - Rafał Staszkiewicz
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital with the SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Krakow, 30-901 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek J. Los
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Nutringredientes Research Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFCE), Baturite 62760-000, Brazil
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Advanced Medical Pharma (AMP-Biotec), Biopharmaceutical Innovation Centre, Via Cortenocera, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, Italy
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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16
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Wen S, Wang L, Zhang C, Song R, Zou H, Gu J, Liu X, Bian J, Liu Z, Yuan Y. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy modulates cadmium-induced apoptosis in rat cerebral cortical neurons. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114052. [PMID: 36084502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a persistent environmental pollutant whose neurotoxicity is of serious concern. Mitochondrial dysfunction and its mediated mitophagy and apoptosis are considered key events in Cd-induced neurological pathologies, but the exact molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Cd-induced mitophagy and apoptosis and their role in Cd-induced neuronal death. Using the mitophagy inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA), we found that the extent of mitophagy mediated by the PTEN-induced putative kinase protein 1 (PINK1)/E3 ubiquitin ligase (Parkin) pathway decreased, whereas the level of apoptosis and cell death increased in rat cerebral cortical neurons in vitro. Consistent with this, the knockdown of PINK1 also exacerbated Cd-induced apoptosis and neuronal death. Furthermore, the results of the in vivo experiments showed that Cd simultaneously activated both mitophagy and apoptosis and that the suppression of mitophagy by CsA aggravated Cd-induced apoptosis. In summary, our results indicate that PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy exerts an important neuroprotective effect by inhibiting Cd-mediated apoptosis in rat cerebral cortical neurons both in vitro and in vivo. This work may allow the development of new therapeutic strategies for Cd-induced central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangquan Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chaofan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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17
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Li J, Liu C, Müller U, Zhao B. RIPOR2-mediated autophagy dysfunction is critical for aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2204-2220.e6. [PMID: 36113482 PMCID: PMC9529990 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Aminoglycosides (AGs) are potent antibiotics that are capable of treating a wide variety of life-threatening infections; however, they are ototoxic and cause irreversible damage to cochlear hair cells. Despite substantial progress, little is known about the molecular pathways critical for hair cell function and survival that are affected by AG exposure. We demonstrate here that gentamicin, a representative AG antibiotic, binds to and within minutes triggers translocation of RIPOR2 in murine hair cells from stereocilia to the pericuticular area. Then, by interacting with a central autophagy component, GABARAP, RIPOR2 affects autophagy activation. Reducing the expression of RIPOR2 or GABARAP completely prevents AG-induced hair cell death and subsequent hearing loss in mice. Additionally, abolishing the expression of PINK1 or Parkin, two key mitochondrial autophagy proteins, prevents hair cell death and subsequent hearing loss caused by AG. In summary, our study demonstrates that RIPOR2-mediated autophagic dysfunction is essential for AG-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ulrich Müller
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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18
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Kholmukhamedov A, Li L, Lindsey CC, Hu J, Nieminen AL, Takemoto K, Beeson GC, Beneker CM, McInnes C, Beeson CC, Lemasters JJ. A new fluorescent sensor mitoferrofluor indicates the presence of chelatable iron in polarized and depolarized mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102336. [PMID: 35931111 PMCID: PMC9460511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial chelatable iron contributes to the severity of several injury processes, including ischemia/reperfusion, oxidative stress, and drug toxicity. However, methods to measure this species in living cells are lacking. To measure mitochondrial chelatable iron in living cells, here we synthesized a new fluorescent indicator, mitoferrofluor (MFF). We designed cationic MFF to accumulate electrophoretically in polarized mitochondria, where a reactive group then forms covalent adducts with mitochondrial proteins to retain MFF even after subsequent depolarization. We also show in cell-free medium that Fe2+ (and Cu2+), but not Fe3+, Ca2+, or other biologically relevant divalent cations, strongly quenched MFF fluorescence. Using confocal microscopy, we demonstrate in hepatocytes that red MFF fluorescence colocalized with the green fluorescence of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) indicator, rhodamine 123 (Rh123), indicating selective accumulation into the mitochondria. Unlike Rh123, mitochondria retained MFF after ΔΨm collapse. Furthermore, intracellular delivery of iron with membrane-permeant Fe3+/8-hydroxyquinoline (FeHQ) quenched MFF fluorescence by ∼80% in hepatocytes and other cell lines, which was substantially restored by the membrane-permeant transition metal chelator pyridoxal isonicotinoyl hydrazone. We also show FeHQ quenched the fluorescence of cytosolically coloaded calcein, another Fe2+ indicator, confirming that Fe3+ in FeHQ undergoes intracellular reduction to Fe2+. Finally, MFF fluorescence did not change after addition of the calcium mobilizer thapsigargin, which shows MFF is insensitive to physiologically relevant increases of mitochondrial Ca2+. In conclusion, the new sensor reagent MFF fluorescence is an indicator of mitochondrial chelatable Fe2+ in normal hepatocytes with polarized mitochondria as well as in cells undergoing loss of ΔΨm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andaleb Kholmukhamedov
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Li Li
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher C. Lindsey
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jiangting Hu
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anna-Liisa Nieminen
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kenji Takemoto
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Gyda C. Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chad M. Beneker
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Campbell McInnes
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Craig C. Beeson
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - John J. Lemasters
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA,For correspondence: John J. Lemasters
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19
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Carrasco-Rozas A, Fernández-Simón E, Suárez-Calvet X, Piñol-Jurado P, Alonso-Pérez J, de Luna N, Schoser B, Meinke P, Domínguez-González C, Hernández-Laín A, Paradas C, Rivas E, Illa I, Olivé M, Gallardo E, Díaz-Manera J. BNIP3 Is Involved in Muscle Fiber Atrophy in Late-Onset Pompe Disease Patients. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:1151-1166. [PMID: 35605642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a rare genetic disorder produced by mutations in the GAA gene and is characterized by progressive muscle weakness. LOPD muscle biopsies show accumulation of glycogen along with the autophagic vacuoles associated with atrophic muscle fibers. The expression of molecules related to muscle fiber atrophy in muscle biopsies of LOPD patients was studied using immunofluorescence and real-time PCR. BCL2 and adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), a well-known atrogene, was identified as a potential mediator of muscle fiber atrophy in LOPD muscle biopsies. Vacuolated fibers in LOPD patient muscle biopsies were smaller than nonvacuolated fibers and expressed BNIP3. The current data suggested that BNIP3 expression is regulated by inhibition of the AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, leading to phosphorylation of Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) at Ser317 by AMP-activated protein kinase. Myoblasts and myotubes obtained from LOPD patients and age-matched controls were studied to confirm these results using different molecular techniques. Myotubes derived from LOPD patients were likewise smaller and expressed BNIP3. Conclusively, transfection of BNIP3 into control myotubes led to myotube atrophy. These findings suggest a cascade that starts with the inhibition of the AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and activation of BNIP3 expression, leading to progressive muscle fiber atrophy. These results open the door to potential new treatments targeting BNIP3 to reduce its deleterious effects on muscle fiber atrophy in Pompe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carrasco-Rozas
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Fernández-Simón
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Suárez-Calvet
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Piñol-Jurado
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Alonso-Pérez
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí de Luna
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Benedikt Schoser
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Meinke
- Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Department of Neurology, LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Cristina Domínguez-González
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurelio Hernández-Laín
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain; Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Paradas
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eloy Rivas
- Department of Pathology, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital U. Virgen del Rocío/Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Isabel Illa
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montse Olivé
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau and Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Center, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Abstract
Mice with insulin receptor (IR)-deficient astrocytes (GFAP-IR knockout [KO] mice) show blunted responses to insulin and reduced brain glucose uptake, whereas IR-deficient astrocytes show disturbed mitochondrial responses to glucose. While exploring the functional impact of disturbed mitochondrial function in astrocytes, we observed that GFAP-IR KO mice show uncoupling of brain blood flow with glucose uptake. Since IR-deficient astrocytes show higher levels of reactive oxidant species (ROS), this leads to stimulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and, consequently, of the vascular endothelial growth factor angiogenic pathway. Indeed, GFAP-IR KO mice show disturbed brain vascularity and blood flow that is normalized by treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC ameliorated high ROS levels, normalized angiogenic signaling and mitochondrial function in IR-deficient astrocytes, and normalized neurovascular coupling in GFAP-IR KO mice. Our results indicate that by modulating glucose uptake and angiogenesis, insulin receptors in astrocytes participate in neurovascular coupling.
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21
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Vianello C, Cocetta V, Catanzaro D, Dorn GW, De Milito A, Rizzolio F, Canzonieri V, Cecchin E, Roncato R, Toffoli G, Quagliariello V, Di Mauro A, Losito S, Maurea N, Scaffa C, Sales G, Scorrano L, Giacomello M, Montopoli M. Cisplatin resistance can be curtailed by blunting Bnip3-mediated mitochondrial autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:398. [PMID: 35459212 PMCID: PMC9033831 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is commonly used to treat a multitude of tumors including sarcomas, ovarian and cervical cancers. Despite recent investigations allowed to improve chemotherapy effectiveness, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of CDDP resistance remain a major goal in cancer research. Here, we show that mitochondrial morphology and autophagy are altered in different CDDP resistant cancer cell lines. In CDDP resistant osteosarcoma and ovarian carcinoma, mitochondria are fragmented and closely juxtaposed to the endoplasmic reticulum; rates of mitophagy are also increased. Specifically, levels of the mitophagy receptor BNIP3 are higher both in resistant cells and in ovarian cancer patient samples resistant to platinum-based treatments. Genetic BNIP3 silencing or pharmacological inhibition of autophagosome formation re-sensitizes these cells to CDDP. Our study identifies inhibition of BNIP3-driven mitophagy as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract CDDP resistance in ovarian carcinoma and osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Vianello
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Cocetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Catanzaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Gerald W Dorn
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Angelo De Milito
- Sprint Bioscience, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, 30172, Venice, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Rossana Roncato
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Quagliariello
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Annabella Di Mauro
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Losito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Maurea
- Division of Cardiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Cono Scaffa
- Gynecologic Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sales
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58B, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Giacomello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Ugo Bassi 58B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Largo E. Meneghetti 2, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy.
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22
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Garbincius JF, Elrod JW. Mitochondrial calcium exchange in physiology and disease. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:893-992. [PMID: 34698550 PMCID: PMC8816638 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The uptake of calcium into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix is a fundamental biological process that has critical effects on cellular metabolism, signaling, and survival. Disruption of mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) cycling is implicated in numerous acquired diseases such as heart failure, stroke, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer and is genetically linked to several inherited neuromuscular disorders. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for mCa2+ exchange therefore holds great promise for the treatment of these diseases. The past decade has seen the genetic identification of many of the key proteins that mediate mitochondrial calcium uptake and efflux. Here, we present an overview of the phenomenon of mCa2+ transport and a comprehensive examination of the molecular machinery that mediates calcium flux across the inner mitochondrial membrane: the mitochondrial uniporter complex (consisting of MCU, EMRE, MICU1, MICU2, MICU3, MCUB, and MCUR1), NCLX, LETM1, the mitochondrial ryanodine receptor, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. We then consider the physiological implications of mCa2+ flux and evaluate how alterations in mCa2+ homeostasis contribute to human disease. This review concludes by highlighting opportunities and challenges for therapeutic intervention in pathologies characterized by aberrant mCa2+ handling and by summarizing critical unanswered questions regarding the biology of mCa2+ flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F Garbincius
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John W Elrod
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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23
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Molecular mechanisms and consequences of mitochondrial permeability transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:266-285. [PMID: 34880425 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-021-00433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) is a phenomenon that abruptly causes the flux of low molecular weight solutes (molecular weight up to 1,500) across the generally impermeable inner mitochondrial membrane. The mPT is mediated by the so-called mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), a supramolecular entity assembled at the interface of the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. In contrast to mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, which mostly activates apoptosis, mPT can trigger different cellular responses, from the physiological regulation of mitophagy to the activation of apoptosis or necrosis. Although there are several molecular candidates for the mPTP, its molecular nature remains contentious. This lack of molecular data was a significant setback that prevented mechanistic insight into the mPTP, pharmacological targeting and the generation of informative animal models. In recent years, experimental evidence has highlighted mitochondrial F1Fo ATP synthase as a participant in mPTP formation, although a molecular model for its transition to the mPTP is still lacking. Recently, the resolution of the F1Fo ATP synthase structure by cryogenic electron microscopy led to a model for mPTP gating. The elusive molecular nature of the mPTP is now being clarified, marking a turning point for understanding mitochondrial biology and its pathophysiological ramifications. This Review provides an up-to-date reference for the understanding of the mammalian mPTP and its cellular functions. We review current insights into the molecular mechanisms of mPT and validated observations - from studies in vivo or in artificial membranes - on mPTP activity and functions. We end with a discussion of the contribution of the mPTP to human disease. Throughout the Review, we highlight the multiple unanswered questions and, when applicable, we also provide alternative interpretations of the recent discoveries.
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The dynamin-related protein 1 is decreased and the mitochondrial network is altered in Friedreich's ataxia cardiomyopathy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 143:106137. [PMID: 34923139 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is an autosomal recessive congenital neurodegenerative disease caused by a deficiency in the frataxin protein and is often diagnosed in young adulthood. An expansion of guanine-adenine-adenine repeats in the first intron of the FXN gene leads to decreased frataxin expression. Frataxin plays an essential role in mitochondrial metabolism. Most Friedreich ataxia patients are diagnosed with left ventricular hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and 60% of patients die with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. However, the mitochondrial anatomy in Friedreich ataxia hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is still poorly understood. We investigated mitochondrial fission, fusion, and function using biochemical, microscopy, and computational stochastic analysis in human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes from a patient with Friedreich ataxia hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a healthy individual. We found a significantly higher mitochondrial footprint, decreased mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein, and mitochondrial fission rate over fusion with more giant mitochondrial clusters in human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes from a patient with Friedreich ataxia hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, compared to an unaffected individual. We also found significantly depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential and higher reactive oxygen species levels in Friedreich ataxia human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes. Our results show that frataxin's depletion may dampen the mitochondrial fission machinery by reducing dynamin-related protein1. The loss of mitochondrial fission might lead to elevated reactive oxygen species and depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential, which may cause oxidative damage in Friedreich ataxia hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Further investigations are needed to identify the mechanism of downregulating dynamin-related protein1 due to the frataxin deficiency in Friedreich ataxia hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Mitochondrial Mechanisms of Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Liver Diseases. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2021; 2021:8900122. [PMID: 34804779 PMCID: PMC8601834 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8900122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to playing a pivotal role in cellular energetics and biosynthesis, mitochondrial components are key operators in the regulation of cell death. In addition to apoptosis, necrosis is a highly relevant form of programmed liver cell death. Differential activation of specific forms of programmed cell death may not only affect the outcome of liver disease but may also provide new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This review describes the role of mitochondria in cell death and the mechanism that leads to chronic liver hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. We focus on mitochondrial-driven apoptosis and current knowledge of necroptosis and discuss therapeutic strategies for targeting mitochondrial-mediated cell death in liver diseases.
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HIF-1 α Activation Promotes Luteolysis by Enhancing ROS Levels in the Corpus Luteum of Pseudopregnant Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1764929. [PMID: 34512862 PMCID: PMC8429025 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1764929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The increase of oxidative stress is one of the important characteristics of mammalian luteal regression. Previous investigations have revealed the essential role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in luteal cell death during luteolysis, while it is unknown how ROS is regulated in this process. Considering the decrease of blood flow and increase of PGF2α during luteolysis, we hypothesized that the HIF-1α pathway may be involved in the regulation of ROS in the luteal cell of the late corpus luteum (CL). Here, by using a pseudopregnant rat model, we showed that the level of both HIF-1α and its downstream BNIP3 was increased during luteal regression. Consistently, we observed the increase of autophagy level during luteolysis, which is regulated in a Beclin1-independent manner. Comparing with early (Day 7 of pseudopregnancy) and middle CL (Day 14), the level of ROS was significantly increased in late CL, indicating the contribution of oxidative stress in luteolysis. Inhibition of HIF-1α by echinomycin (Ech), a potent HIF-1α inhibitor, ameliorated the upregulation of BNIP3 and NIX, as well as the induction of autophagy and the accumulation of ROS in luteal cells on Day 21 of pseudopregnancy. Morphologically, Ech treatment delayed the atrophy of the luteal structure at the late-luteal stage. An in vitro study indicated that inhibition of HIF-1α can also attenuate PGF2α-induced ROS and luteal cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the decrease of cell apoptosis can also be observed by ROS inhibition under PGF2α treatment. Taken together, our results indicated that HIF-1α signaling is involved in the regression of CL by modulating ROS production via orchestrating autophagy. Inhibition of HIF-1α could obviously hamper the apoptosis of luteal cells and the process of luteal regression.
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Angelova PR. Sources and triggers of oxidative damage in neurodegeneration. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 173:52-63. [PMID: 34224816 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration describes a group of more than 300 neurological diseases, characterised by neuronal loss and intra- or extracellular protein depositions, as key neuropathological features. Multiple factors play role in the pathogenesis of these group of disorders: mitochondrial dysfunction, membrane damage, calcium dyshomeostasis, metallostasis, defect clearance and renewal mechanisms, to name a few. All these factors, without exceptions, have in common the involvement of immensely increased generation of free radicals and occurrence of oxidative stress, and as a result - exhaustion of the scavenging potency of the cellular redox defence mechanisms. Besides genetic predisposition and environmental exposure to toxins, the main risk factor for developing neurodegeneration is age. And although the "Free radical theory of ageing" was declared dead, it is undisputable that accumulation of damage occurs with age, especially in systems that are regulated by free radical messengers and those that oppose oxidative stress, protein oxidation and the accuracy in protein synthesis and degradation machinery has difficulties to be maintained. This brief review provides a comprehensive summary on the main sources of free radical damage, occurring in the setting of neurodegeneration.
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29
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Lipatova A, Krasnov G, Vorobyov P, Melnikov P, Alekseeva O, Vershinina Y, Brzhozovskiy A, Goliusova D, Maganova F, Zakirova N, Kudryavtseva A, Moskalev A. Effects of Siberian fir terpenes extract Abisil on antioxidant activity, autophagy, transcriptome and proteome of human fibroblasts. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20050-20080. [PMID: 34428743 PMCID: PMC8436938 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Abisil is an extract of Siberian fir terpenes with antimicrobial and wound healing activities. Previous studies revealed that Abisil has geroprotective, anti-tumorigenic, and anti-angiogenic effects. Abisil decreased the expression of cyclin D1, E1, A2, and increased the phosphorylation rate of AMPK. Objective: In the present study, we analyzed the effect of Abisil on autophagy, the mitochondrial potential of embryonic human lung fibroblasts. We evaluated its antioxidant activity and analyzed the transcriptomic and proteomic effects of Abisil treatment. Results: Abisil treatment resulted in activation of autophagy, reversal of rotenone-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and several-fold decrease of mitochondrial potential. Lower doses of Abisil (25 μg/ml) showed a better oxidative effect than high doses (50 or 125 μg/ml). Estimation of metabolic changes after treatment with 50 μg/ml has not shown any changes in oxygen consumption rate, but extracellular acidification rate decreased significantly. Abisil treatment (5 and 50 μg/ml) of MRC5-SV40 cells induced a strong transcriptomic shift spanning several thousand genes (predominantly, expression decrease). Among down-regulated genes, we noticed an over-representation of genes involved in cell cycle progression, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Additionally, we observed predominant downregulation of genes encoding for kinases. Proteome profiling also revealed that the content of hundreds of proteins is altered after Abisil treatment (mainly, decreased). These proteins were involved in cell cycle regulation, intracellular transport, RNA processing, translation, mitochondrial organization. Conclusions: Abisil demonstrated antioxidant and autophagy stimulating activity. Treatment with Abisil results in the predominant downregulation of genes involved in the cell cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Lipatova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - George Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Vorobyov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Melnikov
- V. Serbsky National Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | - Olga Alekseeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yulia Vershinina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Daria Goliusova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Natalia Zakirova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anna Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Institute of Biology of Federal Research Center "Komi Science Center" of Ural Branch of RAS, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia.,Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology, Moscow 129226, Russia
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Trybus W, Król T, Trybus E, Stachurska A. Physcion Induces Potential Anticancer Effects in Cervical Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082029. [PMID: 34440797 PMCID: PMC8392222 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent of morphological and ultrastructural changes in HeLa cells was assessed by optical, fluorescence and electron microscopy after exposure to various concentrations of physcion, taking into account the biological properties of the test compound. METHODS Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, while the cell cycle, LC3 expression, apoptosis, change of mitochondrial potential, Bcl-2 protein expression level and the level of reactive oxygen species were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS As a result of physcion encumbrance, concentration-dependent inhibition of HeLa cell viability and the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle was observed. Activation of the lysosomal system was also revealed, which was expressed by an increased number of lysosomes, autophage vacuoles and increased expression of the LC3 protein, a marker of the autophagy process. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy showed that physcion induced clear changes in cervical cancer cells, especially in the structure of the nucleus and mitochondria, which correlated with the production of reactive oxygen species by the test compound and indicated the induction of the oxidative process. At the same time, the pro-apoptotic effect of physcion was demonstrated, and this mechanism was dependent on the activation of caspases 3/7 and the reduction in Bcl-2 protein expression. CONCLUSION The obtained results indicate an antitumor mechanism of action of physcion, based on the induction of oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Trybus
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
- Correspondence: (W.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Teodora Król
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
- Correspondence: (W.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Ewa Trybus
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Anna Stachurska
- Department of Immunohematology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
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D'Errico M, Parlanti E, Pascucci B, Filomeni G, Mastroberardino PG, Dogliotti E. The interplay between mitochondrial functionality and genome integrity in the prevention of human neurologic diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 710:108977. [PMID: 34174223 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As mitochondria are vulnerable to oxidative damage and represent the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), they are considered key tuners of ROS metabolism and buffering, whose dysfunction can progressively impact neuronal networks and disease. Defects in DNA repair and DNA damage response (DDR) may also affect neuronal health and lead to neuropathology. A number of congenital DNA repair and DDR defective syndromes, indeed, show neurological phenotypes, and a growing body of evidence indicate that defects in the mechanisms that control genome stability in neurons acts as aging-related modifiers of common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson's, Huntington diseases and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In this review we elaborate on the established principles and recent concepts supporting the hypothesis that deficiencies in either DNA repair or DDR might contribute to neurodegeneration via mechanisms involving mitochondrial dysfunction/deranged metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleonora Parlanti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Pascucci
- Institute of Crystallography, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Filomeni
- Redox Biology, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Giorgio Mastroberardino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; IFOM- FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Eugenia Dogliotti
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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32
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Aberrant Mitochondrial Dynamics: An Emerging Pathogenic Driver of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 2021:6615400. [PMID: 34221126 PMCID: PMC8221877 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6615400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as a progressive segmental dilation of the abdominal aorta and is associated with high mortality. The characterized features of AAA indicate several underlying mechanisms of AAA formation and progression, including reactive oxygen species production, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Mitochondrial functions are critical for determining cell fate, and mitochondrial dynamics, especially selective mitochondrial autophagy, which is termed as mitophagy, has emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases. The PARKIN/PARIS/PGC1α pathway is associated with AAA formation and has been proposed to play a role in mitochondrial dynamics mediated by the PINK/PARKIN pathway in the pathogenesis underlying AAA. This review is aimed at deepening our understanding of AAA formation and progression, which is vital for the development of potential medical therapies for AAA.
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33
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Jandrey EHF, Bezerra M, Inoue LT, Furnari FB, Camargo AA, Costa ÉT. A Key Pathway to Cancer Resilience: The Role of Autophagy in Glioblastomas. Front Oncol 2021; 11:652133. [PMID: 34178638 PMCID: PMC8222785 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.652133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no effective strategies for the successful treatment of glioblastomas (GBM). Current therapeutic modalities effectively target bulk tumor cells but leave behind marginal GBM cells that escape from the surgical margins and radiotherapy field, exhibiting high migratory phenotype and resistance to all available anti-glioma therapies. Drug resistance is mostly driven by tumor cell plasticity: a concept associated with reactivating transcriptional programs in response to adverse and dynamic conditions from the tumor microenvironment. Autophagy, or "self-eating", pathway is an emerging target for cancer therapy and has been regarded as one of the key drivers of cell plasticity in response to energy demanding stress conditions. Many studies shed light on the importance of autophagy as an adaptive mechanism, protecting GBM cells from unfavorable conditions, while others recognize that autophagy can kill those cells by triggering a non-apoptotic cell death program, called 'autophagy cell death' (ACD). In this review, we carefully analyzed literature data and conclude that there is no clear evidence indicating the presence of ACD under pathophysiological settings in GBM disease. It seems to be exclusively induced by excessive (supra-physiological) stress signals, mostly from in vitro cell culture studies. Instead, pre-clinical and clinical data indicate that autophagy is an emblematic example of the 'dark-side' of a rescue pathway that contributes profoundly to a pro-tumoral adaptive response. From a standpoint of treating the real human disease, only combinatorial therapy targeting autophagy with cytotoxic drugs in the adjuvant setting for GBM patients, associated with the development of less toxic and more specific autophagy inhibitors, may inhibit adaptive response and enhance the sensibility of glioma cells to conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelle Bezerra
- Molecular Oncology Center, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Frank B. Furnari
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, United States
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34
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Brandão SR, Ferreira R, Rocha H. Exploring the contribution of mitochondrial dynamics to multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency-related phenotype. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:210-216. [PMID: 31215835 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1628065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorders (FAOD) are among the diseases detected by newborn screening in most developed countries. Alterations of mitochondrial functionality are characteristic of these metabolic disorders. However, many questions remain to be clarified, namely how the interplay between the signaling pathways harbored in mitochondria contributes to the disease-related phenotype. Herein, we overview the role of mitochondria on the regulation of cell homeostasis through the production of ROS, mitophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Emphasis is given to the signaling pathways involving MnSOD, sirtuins and PGC-1α, which seem to contribute to FAOD phenotype, namely to multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD). The association between phenotype and genotype is not straightforward, suggesting that specific molecular mechanisms may contribute to MADD pathogenesis, making MADD an interesting model to better understand this interplay. However, more work needs to be done envisioning the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia R Brandão
- Mass Spectrometry Group, QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Group, QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hugo Rocha
- Newborn Screening, Metabolism and Genetics Unit, Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Ricardo Jorge, Porto, Portugal
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35
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Anzell AR, Fogo GM, Gurm Z, Raghunayakula S, Wider JM, Maheras KJ, Emaus KJ, Bryson TD, Wang M, Neumar RW, Przyklenk K, Sanderson TH. Mitochondrial fission and mitophagy are independent mechanisms regulating ischemia/reperfusion injury in primary neurons. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:475. [PMID: 33980811 PMCID: PMC8115279 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy are constitutive and complex systems that ensure a healthy mitochondrial network through the segregation and subsequent degradation of damaged mitochondria. Disruption of these systems can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and has been established as a central mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy are integrated systems; however, the role of this relationship in the context of I/R injury remains unclear. To investigate this concept, we utilized primary cortical neurons isolated from the novel dual-reporter mitochondrial quality control knockin mice (C57BL/6-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm1(CAG-mCherry/GFP)Ganl/J) with conditional knockout (KO) of Drp1 to investigate changes in mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagic flux during in vitro I/R injury. Mitochondrial dynamics was quantitatively measured in an unbiased manner using a machine learning mitochondrial morphology classification system, which consisted of four different classifications: network, unbranched, swollen, and punctate. Evaluation of mitochondrial morphology and mitophagic flux in primary neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and reoxygenation (OGD/R) revealed extensive mitochondrial fragmentation and swelling, together with a significant upregulation in mitophagic flux. Furthermore, the primary morphology of mitochondria undergoing mitophagy was classified as punctate. Colocalization using immunofluorescence as well as western blot analysis revealed that the PINK1/Parkin pathway of mitophagy was activated following OGD/R. Conditional KO of Drp1 prevented mitochondrial fragmentation and swelling following OGD/R but did not alter mitophagic flux. These data provide novel evidence that Drp1 plays a causal role in the progression of I/R injury, but mitophagy does not require Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R. Anzell
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA ,grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15269 USA
| | - Garrett M. Fogo
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Zoya Gurm
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Sarita Raghunayakula
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Joseph M. Wider
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Kathleen J. Maheras
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Katlynn J. Emaus
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Timothy D. Bryson
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Madison Wang
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Robert W. Neumar
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- grid.254444.70000 0001 1456 7807Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Thomas H. Sanderson
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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36
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Duan J, Chen H, Xu D, Li Y, Li X, Cheng J, Hua R, Zhang Z, Yang L, Li Q. 17β-estradiol improves the developmental ability, inhibits reactive oxygen species levels and apoptosis of porcine oocytes by regulating autophagy events. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 209:105826. [PMID: 33581253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Estrogen plays a critical role in the development and apoptosis of oocytes. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved and exquisitely regulated self-eating cellular process with important biological functions including the regulation of reproduction. This study aimed to determine the effect of autophagy regulated by the biologically active form of estrogen (17β-estradiol) in porcine oocyte maturation in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured the effects of oocyte developmental competencies and autophagic activity in the porcine oocyte regulated by 17β-estradiol using autophagic inhibitor (Autophinib). In addition, we studied the role of autophagy in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial distribution, Ca2+ production, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and early apoptosis by caspase-3, -8 activity in the mature oocytes. RESULTS The results showed that the oocyte meiotic progression and early embryonic development were gradually decreased with Autophinib treatment, which was improved by 17β-estradiol. Immunofluorescence experiments revealed that 17β-estradiol primarily could promote the autophagy in the mature oocytes, and block the reduced-autophagic events by Autophinib. Moreover, 17β-estradiol improved the Autophinib induced high ROS levels, abnormal mitochondrial distribution and low Ca2+ production in mature oocytes. Analyses of early apoptosis and ΔΨm showed that autophagy inhibition was accompanied by increased cellular apoptosis, and 17β-estradiol reduced apoptosis rates of mature oocytes. Importantly, autophagy was downregulated by treatment with Autophinib, an activation of caspase-8 and cleaved caspase-3 increased. Those effects were abolished by 17β-estradiol, which could upregulate autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Our study have showed important implications that 17β-estradiol could promote efficacy of the development of porcine oocytes, enhance the autophagy, reduce ROS levels and apoptosis activity in vitro maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huali Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Dejun Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwestern University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianyong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rongmao Hua
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zelin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingwang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Meng L, Lu C, Wu B, Lan C, Mo L, Chen C, Wang X, Zhang N, Lan L, Wang Q, Zeng X, Li X, Tang S. Taurine Antagonizes Macrophages M1 Polarization by Mitophagy-Glycolysis Switch Blockage via Dragging SAM-PP2Ac Transmethylation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:648913. [PMID: 33912173 PMCID: PMC8071881 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.648913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive M1 polarization of macrophages drives the occurrence and development of inflammatory diseases. The reprogramming of macrophages from M1 to M2 can be achieved by targeting metabolic events. Taurine promotes for the balance of energy metabolism and the repair of inflammatory injury, preventing chronic diseases and complications. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the action of taurine modulating the macrophage polarization phenotype. In this study, we constructed a low-dose LPS/IFN-γ-induced M1 polarization model to simulate a low-grade pro-inflammatory process. Our results indicate that the taurine transporter TauT/SlC6A6 is upregulated at the transcriptional level during M1 macrophage polarization. The nutrient uptake signal on the membrane supports the high abundance of taurine in macrophages after taurine supplementation, which weakens the status of methionine metabolism, resulting in insufficient S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). The low availability of SAM is directly sensed by LCMT-1 and PME-1, hindering PP2Ac methylation. PP2Ac methylation was found to be necessary for M1 polarization, including the positive regulation of VDAC1 and PINK1. Furthermore, its activation was found to promote the elimination of mitochondria by macrophages via the mitophagy pathway for metabolic adaptation. Mechanistically, taurine inhibits SAM-dependent PP2Ac methylation to block PINK1-mediated mitophagy flux, thereby maintaining a high mitochondrial density, which ultimately hinders the conversion of energy metabolism to glycolysis required for M1. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of taurine-coupled M1 macrophage energy metabolism, providing novel insights into the occurrence and prevention of low-grade inflammation, and propose that the sensing of taurine and SAM availability may allow communication to inflammatory response in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Cailing Lu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bin Wu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chunhua Lan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Laiming Mo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chengying Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xinhang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Lan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qihui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xia Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiyi Li
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shen Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Warnsmann V, Marschall LM, Osiewacz HD. Impaired F 1F o-ATP-Synthase Dimerization Leads to the Induction of Cyclophilin D-Mediated Autophagy-Dependent Cell Death and Accelerated Aging. Cells 2021; 10:757. [PMID: 33808173 PMCID: PMC8066942 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial F1Fo-ATP-synthase dimers play a critical role in shaping and maintenance of mitochondrial ultrastructure. Previous studies have revealed that ablation of the F1Fo-ATP-synthase assembly factor PaATPE of the ascomycete Podospora anserina strongly affects cristae formation, increases hydrogen peroxide levels, impairs mitochondrial function and leads to premature cell death. In the present study, we investigated the underlying mechanistic basis. Compared to the wild type, we observed a slight increase in non-selective and a pronounced increase in mitophagy, the selective vacuolar degradation of mitochondria. This effect depends on the availability of functional cyclophilin D (PaCYPD), the regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Simultaneous deletion of PaAtpe and PaAtg1, encoding a key component of the autophagy machinery or of PaCypD, led to a reduction of mitophagy and a partial restoration of the wild-type specific lifespan. The same effect was observed in the PaAtpe deletion strain after inhibition of PaCYPD by its specific inhibitor, cyclosporin A. Overall, our data identify autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD) as part of the cellular response to impaired F1Fo-ATP-synthase dimerization, and emphasize the crucial role of functional mitochondria in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heinz D. Osiewacz
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; (V.W.); (L.-M.M.)
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39
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Hu B, Li H, Zhang X. A Balanced Act: The Effects of GH-GHR-IGF1 Axis on Mitochondrial Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:630248. [PMID: 33816476 PMCID: PMC8012549 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.630248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is multifaceted in response to cellular energy homeostasis and metabolism, with the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) being one of their main functions. Selective elimination of mitochondria by mitophagy, in conjunction with mitochondrial biogenesis, regulates mitochondrial function that is required to meet metabolic demand or stress response. Growth hormone (GH) binds to the GH receptor (GHR) and induces the JAK2/STAT5 pathway to activate the synthesis of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). The GH–GHR–IGF1 axis has been recognized to play significant roles in somatic growth, including cell proliferation, differentiation, division, and survival. In this review, we describe recent discoveries providing evidence for the contribution of the GH–GHR–IGF1 axis on mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy (or autophagy), and mitochondrial function under multiple physiological conditions. This may further improve our understanding of the effects of the GH–GHR–IGF1 axis on mitochondrial function, which may be controlled by the delicate balance between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy. Specifically, we also highlight the challenges that remain in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of AgroAnimal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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40
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Phadwal K, Vrahnas C, Ganley IG, MacRae VE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Cause or Consequence of Vascular Calcification? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:611922. [PMID: 33816463 PMCID: PMC8010668 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.611922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucial bioenergetics powerhouses and biosynthetic hubs within cells, which can generate and sequester toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress-stimulated ROS production results in ATP depletion and the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, leading to mitochondria dysfunction and cellular apoptosis. Mitochondrial loss of function is also a key driver in the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype that drives senescent cells into a pro-inflammatory state. Maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for retaining the contractile phenotype of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), the most prominent cells of the vasculature. Loss of this contractile phenotype is associated with the loss of mitochondrial function and a metabolic shift to glycolysis. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a direct role in vascular calcification and the underlying pathologies including (1) impairment of mitochondrial function by mineral dysregulation i.e., calcium and phosphate overload in patients with end-stage renal disease and (2) presence of increased ROS in patients with calcific aortic valve disease, atherosclerosis, type-II diabetes and chronic kidney disease. In this review, we discuss the cause and consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular calcification and underlying pathologies; the role of autophagy and mitophagy pathways in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction during vascular calcification and finally we discuss mitochondrial ROS, DRP1, and HIF-1 as potential novel markers and therapeutic targets for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Phadwal
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Vrahnas
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G. Ganley
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky E. MacRae
- Functional Genetics and Development Division, The Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies (R(D)SVS), University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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41
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Antunes MA, Lopes-Pacheco M, Rocco PRM. Oxidative Stress-Derived Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Concise Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6644002. [PMID: 37448755 PMCID: PMC10337713 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6644002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive and disabling disorder marked by airflow limitation and extensive destruction of lung parenchyma. Cigarette smoke is the major risk factor for COPD development and has been associated with increased oxidant burden on multiple cell types in the lungs. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may significantly affect expression of biological molecules, signaling pathways, and function of antioxidant defenses. Although inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, contribute to the release of large quantities of ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in ROS production due to oxidative phosphorylation. Although mitochondria are dynamic organelles, excess oxidative stress is able to alter mitochondrial function, morphology, and RNA and protein content. Indeed, mitochondria may change their shape by undergoing fusion (regulated by mitofusin 1, mitofusin 2, and optic atrophy 1 proteins) and fission (regulated by dynamin-related protein 1), which are essential processes to maintain a healthy and functional mitochondrial network. Cigarette smoke can induce mitochondrial hyperfusion, thus reducing mitochondrial quality control and cellular stress resistance. Furthermore, diminished levels of enzymes involved in the mitophagy process, such as Parkin (a ubiquitin ligase E3) and the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), are commonly observed in COPD and correlate directly with faulty removal of dysfunctional mitochondria and consequent cell senescence in this disorder. In this review, we highlight the main mechanisms for the regulation of mitochondrial quality and how they are affected by oxidative stress during COPD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A. Antunes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Jia J, Jin H, Nan D, Yu W, Huang Y. New insights into targeting mitochondria in ischemic injury. Apoptosis 2021; 26:163-183. [PMID: 33751318 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability and death worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been recognized as a marker of neuronal death during ischemic stroke. Maintaining the function of mitochondria is important for improving the survival of neurons and maintaining neuronal function. Damaged mitochondria induce neuronal cell apoptosis by releasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-apoptotic factors. Mitochondrial fission and fusion processes and mitophagy are of great importance to mitochondrial quality control. This paper reviews the dynamic changes in mitochondria, the roles of mitochondria in different cell types, and related signaling pathways in ischemic stroke. This review describes in detail the role of mitochondria in the process of neuronal injury and protection in cerebral ischemia, and integrates neuroprotective drugs targeting mitochondria in recent years, which may provide a theoretical basis for the progress of treatment of ischemic stroke. The potential of mitochondrial-targeted therapy is also emphasized, which provides valuable insights for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Jia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Haiqiang Jin
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ding Nan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
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43
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Terešak P, Lapao A, Subic N, Boya P, Elazar Z, Simonsen A. Regulation of PRKN-independent mitophagy. Autophagy 2021; 18:24-39. [PMID: 33570005 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1888244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic, multifunctional cellular organelles that play a fundamental role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Keeping the quality of mitochondria in check is of essential importance for functioning and survival of the cells. Selective autophagic clearance of flawed mitochondria, a process termed mitophagy, is one of the most prominent mechanisms through which cells maintain a healthy mitochondrial pool. The best-studied pathway through which mitophagy is exerted is the PINK1-PRKN pathway. However, an increasing number of studies have shown an existence of alternative pathways, where different proteins and lipids are able to recruit autophagic machinery independently of PINK1 and PRKN. The significance of PRKN-independent mitophagy pathways is reflected in various physiological and pathophysiological processes, but many questions regarding the regulation and the interplay between these pathways remain open. Here we review the current knowledge and recent progress made in the field of PRKN-independent mitophagy. Particularly we focus on the regulation of various receptors that participate in targeting impaired mitochondria to autophagosomes independently of PRKN.AbbreviationsAMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BCL2: BCL2 apoptosis regulator; BH: BCL2 homology; CCCP: Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone; CL: cardiolipin; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; FCCP: carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone; IMM: inner mitochondrial membrane; IMS: mitochondrial intermembrane space; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MDVs: mitochondrial-derived vesicles; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; OMM: outer mitochondrial membrane; OXPHOS: oxidative phosphorylation; PD: Parkinson disease; PtdIns3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; RGC: retinal ganglion cell; RING: really interesting new gene; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SUMO: small ubiquitin like modifier; TBI: traumatic brain injury; TM: transmembrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Terešak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Lapao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nemanja Subic
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Patricia Boya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Anne Simonsen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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44
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Qiu YH, Zhang TS, Wang XW, Wang MY, Zhao WX, Zhou HM, Zhang CH, Cai ML, Chen XF, Zhao WL, Shao RG. Mitochondria autophagy: a potential target for cancer therapy. J Drug Target 2021; 29:576-591. [PMID: 33554661 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1867992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy is a selective form of macroautophagy in which dysfunctional and damaged mitochondria can be efficiently degraded, removed and recycled through autophagy. Selective removal of damaged or fragmented mitochondria is critical to the functional integrity of the entire mitochondrial network and cells. In past decades, numerous studies have shown that mitophagy is involved in various diseases; however, since the dual role of mitophagy in tumour development, mitophagy role in tumour is controversial, and further elucidation is needed. That is, although mitophagy has been demonstrated to contribute to carcinogenesis, cell migration, ferroptosis inhibition, cancer stemness maintenance, tumour immune escape, drug resistance, etc. during cancer progression, many research also shows that to promote cancer cell death, mitophagy can be induced physiologically or pharmacologically to maintain normal cellular metabolism and prevent cell stress responses and genome damage by diminishing mitochondrial damage, thus suppressing tumour development accompanying these changes. Signalling pathway-specific molecular mechanisms are currently of great biological significance in the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Here, we review recent progress of molecular pathways mediating mitophagy including both canonical pathways (Parkin/PINK1- and FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy) and noncanonical pathways (FKBP8-, Nrf2-, and DRP1-mediated mitophagy); and the regulation of these pathways, and abovementioned pro-cancer and pro-death roles of mitophagy. Finally, we summarise the role of mitophagy in cancer therapy. Mitophagy can potentially be acted as the target for cancer therapy by promotion or inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Shu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Lian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Guang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Ministry of Health, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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45
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Onishi M, Yamano K, Sato M, Matsuda N, Okamoto K. Molecular mechanisms and physiological functions of mitophagy. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104705. [PMID: 33438778 PMCID: PMC7849173 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 604] [Impact Index Per Article: 201.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of mitochondria via a selective form of autophagy, named mitophagy, is a fundamental mechanism conserved from yeast to humans that regulates mitochondrial quality and quantity control. Mitophagy is promoted via specific mitochondrial outer membrane receptors, or ubiquitin molecules conjugated to proteins on the mitochondrial surface leading to the formation of autophagosomes surrounding mitochondria. Mitophagy-mediated elimination of mitochondria plays an important role in many processes including early embryonic development, cell differentiation, inflammation, and apoptosis. Recent advances in analyzing mitophagy in vivo also reveal high rates of steady-state mitochondrial turnover in diverse cell types, highlighting the intracellular housekeeping role of mitophagy. Defects in mitophagy are associated with various pathological conditions such as neurodegeneration, heart failure, cancer, and aging, further underscoring the biological relevance. Here, we review our current molecular understanding of mitophagy, and its physiological implications, and discuss how multiple mitophagy pathways coordinately modulate mitochondrial fitness and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashun Onishi
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial DynamicsGraduate School of Frontier BiosciencesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Koji Yamano
- The Ubiquitin ProjectTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Miyuki Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane BiologyInstitute for Molecular and Cellular RegulationGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- The Ubiquitin ProjectTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial DynamicsGraduate School of Frontier BiosciencesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
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46
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Patra S, Mahapatra KK, Praharaj PP, Panigrahi DP, Bhol CS, Mishra SR, Behera BP, Singh A, Jena M, Bhutia SK. Intricate role of mitochondrial calcium signalling in mitochondrial quality control for regulation of cancer cell fate. Mitochondrion 2021; 57:230-240. [PMID: 33476771 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial quality control is crucial for sustaining cellular maintenance. Mitochondrial Ca2+ plays an important role in the maintenance of mitochondrial quality control through regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis for preserving cellular homeostasis. The regulation of this dynamic interlink between these mitochondrial networks and mitochondrial Ca2+ appears indispensable for the adaptation of cells under external stimuli. Moreover, dysregulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ divulges impaired mitochondrial control that results in several pathological conditions such as cancer. Hence this review untangles the interplay between mitochondrial Ca2+ and quality control that govern mitochondrial health and mitochondrial coordinates in the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Kewal Kumar Mahapatra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Prakash Priyadarshi Praharaj
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Debasna Pritimanjari Panigrahi
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Bhol
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Mishra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Behera
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Amruta Singh
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- PG Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur 760007, India
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India.
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47
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Strubbe-Rivera JO, Schrad JR, Pavlov EV, Conway JF, Parent KN, Bazil JN. The mitochondrial permeability transition phenomenon elucidated by cryo-EM reveals the genuine impact of calcium overload on mitochondrial structure and function. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1037. [PMID: 33441863 PMCID: PMC7806632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80398-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have a remarkable ability to uptake and store massive amounts of calcium. However, the consequences of massive calcium accumulation remain enigmatic. In the present study, we analyzed a series of time-course experiments to identify the sequence of events that occur in a population of guinea pig cardiac mitochondria exposed to excessive calcium overload that cause mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). By analyzing coincident structural and functional data, we determined that excessive calcium overload is associated with large calcium phosphate granules and inner membrane fragmentation, which explains the extent of mitochondrial dysfunction. This data also reveals a novel mechanism for cyclosporin A, an inhibitor of MPT, in which it preserves cristae despite the presence of massive calcium phosphate granules in the matrix. Overall, these findings establish a mechanism of calcium-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and the impact of calcium regulation on mitochondrial structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason R Schrad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Evgeny V Pavlov
- Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - James F Conway
- Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Kristin N Parent
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jason N Bazil
- Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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48
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Galsgaard KD. The Vicious Circle of Hepatic Glucagon Resistance in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124049. [PMID: 33333850 PMCID: PMC7765287 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A key criterion for the most common chronic liver disease—non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)—is an intrahepatic fat content above 5% in individuals who are not using steatogenic agents or having significant alcohol intake. Subjects with NAFLD have increased plasma concentrations of glucagon, and emerging evidence indicates that subjects with NAFLD may show hepatic glucagon resistance. For many years, glucagon has been thought of as the counterregulatory hormone to insulin with a primary function of increasing blood glucose concentrations and protecting against hypoglycemia. However, in recent years, glucagon has re-emerged as an important regulator of other metabolic processes including lipid and amino acid/protein metabolism. This review discusses the evidence that in NAFLD, hepatic glucagon resistance may result in a dysregulated lipid and amino acid/protein metabolism, leading to excess accumulation of fat, hyperglucagonemia, and increased oxidative stress contributing to the worsening/progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine D. Galsgaard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; ; Tel.: +45-6044-6145
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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49
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Domesticated and optimized mitochondria: Mitochondrial modifications based on energetic status and cellular stress. Life Sci 2020; 265:118766. [PMID: 33245965 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main source of energy and play an important role in coupling intracellular and intercellular metabolic cooperation. Cellular stress and energetic status can affect various mitochondrial behaviors, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, assembly of respiratory chain supercomplexes and mitochondrial distribution. These modifications usually result in adaptive adjustment of mitochondrial output and resistance to cellular stress. However, when the pro-death signals triggered by excessive damage converge to mitochondria, mitochondrial reserve and functional status can profoundly determine the direction of cell death, and even affect the survival and death of surrounding or distant tissues. In this review, we discuss multiple mitochondrial modifications in eukaryotes based on metabolic status and cellular stress, and review the emerging knowledge about the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on the fate of cells and surrounding tissues.
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50
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Townley AR, Wheatley SP. Mitochondrial survivin reduces oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells by inhibiting mitophagy. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs247379. [PMID: 33077555 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.247379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivin (also known as BIRC5) is a cancer-associated protein that is pivotal for cellular life and death - it is an essential mitotic protein and an inhibitor of apoptosis. In cancer cells, a small pool of survivin localises to the mitochondria, the function of which remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that mitochondrial survivin inhibits the selective form of autophagy called 'mitophagy', causing an accumulation of respiratory-defective mitochondria. Mechanistically, the data reveal that survivin prevents recruitment of the E3-ubiquitin ligase Parkin to mitochondria and their subsequent recognition by the autophagosome. The data also demonstrate that cells in which mitophagy has been blocked by survivin expression have an increased dependency on glycolysis. As these effects were found exclusively in cancer cells, they suggest that the primary act of mitochondrial survivin is to steer cells towards the implementation of the Warburg transition by inhibiting mitochondrial turnover, which enables them to adapt and survive.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia R Townley
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Sally P Wheatley
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
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