1
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Mikutis S, Lawrinowitz S, Kretzer C, Dunsmore L, Sketeris L, Rodrigues T, Werz O, Bernardes GJL. Machine Learning Uncovers Natural Product Modulators of the 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway and Facilitates the Elucidation of Their Biological Mechanisms. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:217-229. [PMID: 38149598 PMCID: PMC10804367 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) models have made inroads into chemical sciences, with optimization of chemical reactions and prediction of biologically active molecules being prime examples thereof. These models excel where physical experiments are expensive or time-consuming, for example, due to large scales or the need for materials that are difficult to obtain. Studies of natural products suffer from these issues─this class of small molecules is known for its wealth of structural diversity and wide-ranging biological activities, but their investigation is hindered by poor synthetic accessibility and lack of scalability. To facilitate the evaluation of these molecules, we designed ML models that predict which natural products can interact with a particular target or a relevant pathway. Here, we focused on discovering natural products that are capable of modulating the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway that plays key roles in lipid signaling and inflammation. These computational approaches led to the identification of nine natural products that either directly inhibit the activity of the 5-LO enzyme or affect the cellular 5-LO pathway. Further investigation of one of these molecules, deltonin, led us to discover a new cell-type-selective mechanism of action. Our ML approach helped deorphanize natural products as well as shed light on their mechanisms and can be broadly applied to other use cases in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigitas Mikutis
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Stefanie Lawrinowitz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Kretzer
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Lavinia Dunsmore
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Laurynas Sketeris
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Instituto
de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed), Faculdade de
Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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2
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Cerchia C, Küfner L, Werz O, Lavecchia A. Identification of selective 5-LOX and FLAP inhibitors as novel anti-inflammatory agents by ligand-based virtual screening. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115932. [PMID: 37976708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a multifaceted biological process in which the conversion of arachidonic acid to eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes (LTs), plays a crucial role. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a key enzyme in cellular LT biosynthesis, and it is supported by the accessory protein 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP). Pharmacological interventions to modulate LTs aim at either decreasing their biosynthesis or at mitigating their biological effects. Therefore, inhibiting 5-LOX or FLAP represents a useful strategy to reduce inflammation. Herein we present the identification and pharmacological evaluation of novel inhibitors targeting 5-LOX or FLAP. By means of a ligand-based virtual screening approach, we selected 38 compounds for in vitro assays. Among them, ALR-38 exhibits direct 5-LOX inhibition, while ALR-6 and ALR-27 showed potential as FLAP inhibitors. These latter not only reduced LT production but also promoted the generation of specialized pro-resolving mediators in specific human macrophage phenotypes. Interestingly, the identified compounds turned out to be selective for their respective targets, as none of them displayed activity towards microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 and soluble epoxide hydrolase, which are other proteins involved in eicosanoid biosynthesis. Thus, these compounds are endowed with potential therapeutic utility in mitigating inflammatory responses and might offer a venue for tackling inflammation-based disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Cerchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Küfner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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3
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Peltner LK, Gluthmann L, Börner F, Pace S, Hoffstetter RK, Kretzer C, Bilancia R, Pollastro F, Koeberle A, Appendino G, Rossi A, Newcomer ME, Gilbert NC, Werz O, Jordan PM. Cannabidiol acts as molecular switch in innate immune cells to promote the biosynthesis of inflammation-resolving lipid mediators. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1508-1524.e7. [PMID: 37647900 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cannabinoids are phytochemicals from cannabis with anti-inflammatory actions in immune cells. Lipid mediators (LM), produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), are potent regulators of the immune response and impact all stages of inflammation. How cannabinoids influence LM biosynthetic networks is unknown. Here, we reveal cannabidiol (CBD) as a potent LM class-switching agent that stimulates the production of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) but suppresses pro-inflammatory eicosanoid biosynthesis. Detailed metabololipidomics analysis in human monocyte-derived macrophages showed that CBD (i) upregulates exotoxin-stimulated generation of SPMs, (ii) suppresses 5-lipoxygenase (LOX)-mediated leukotriene production, and (iii) strongly induces SPM and 12/15-LOX product formation in resting cells by stimulation of phospholipase A2-dependent PUFA release and through Ca2+-independent, allosteric 15-LOX-1 activation. Finally, in zymosan-induced murine peritonitis, CBD increased SPM and 12/15-LOX products and suppressed pro-inflammatory eicosanoid levels in vivo. Switching eicosanoid to SPM production is a plausible mode of action of CBD and a promising inflammation-resolving strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas K Peltner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Lars Gluthmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Friedemann Börner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Robert K Hoffstetter
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Kretzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Rosella Bilancia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany; Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Mitterweg 24, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcia E Newcomer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Nathaniel C Gilbert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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4
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Olğaç A, Çapan İ, Dahlke P, Jordan PM, Werz O, Banoglu E. Substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles as Novel and Selective Inhibitors of Leukotriene Biosynthesis Targeting 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Protein. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:31293-31304. [PMID: 37663492 PMCID: PMC10468765 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) is a regulator of cellular leukotriene biosynthesis, which governs the transfer of arachidonic acid (AA) to 5-lipoxygenase for efficient metabolism. Here, the synthesis and FLAP-antagonistic potential of fast synthetically accessible 1,2,4-triazole derivatives based on a previously discovered virtual screening hit compound is described. Our findings reveal that simple structural variations on 4,5-diaryl moieties and the 3-thioether side chain of the 1,2,4-triazole scaffold markedly influence the inhibitory potential, highlighting the significant chemical features necessary for FLAP antagonism. Comprehensive metabololipidomics analysis in activated FLAP-expressing human innate immune cells and human whole blood showed that the most potent analogue 6x selectively suppressed leukotriene B4 formation evoked by bacterial exotoxins without affecting other branches of the AA pathway. Taken together, the 1,2,4-triazole scaffold is a novel chemical platform for the development of more potent FLAP antagonists, which warrants further exploration for their potential as a new class of anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Olğaç
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle 06560 ,Ankara ,Turkey
- Department
of Drug Discovery, Evias Pharmaceutical
R&D Ltd., Yenimahalle06830 ,Ankara ,Turkey
| | - İrfan Çapan
- Department
of Material and Material Processing Technologies Technical Sciences
Vocational College, Gazi University, Yenimahalle06374 ,Ankara ,Turkey
| | - Philipp Dahlke
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute
of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-7743 Jena, Germany
| | - Paul M. Jordan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute
of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-7743 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute
of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-7743 Jena, Germany
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle 06560 ,Ankara ,Turkey
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5
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Teder T, König S, Singh R, Samuelsson B, Werz O, Garscha U, Haeggström JZ. Modulation of the 5-Lipoxygenase Pathway by Chalcogen-Containing Inhibitors of Leukotriene A 4 Hydrolase. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087539. [PMID: 37108702 PMCID: PMC10145651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) pathway gives rise to bioactive inflammatory lipid mediators, such as leukotrienes (LTs). 5-LOX carries out the oxygenation of arachidonic acid to the 5-hydroperoxy derivative and then to the leukotriene A4 epoxide which is converted to a chemotactic leukotriene B4 (LTB4) by leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H). In addition, LTA4H possesses aminopeptidase activity to cleave the N-terminal proline of a pro-inflammatory tripeptide, prolyl-glycyl-proline (PGP). Based on the structural characteristics of LTA4H, it is possible to selectively inhibit the epoxide hydrolase activity while sparing the inactivating, peptidolytic, cleavage of PGP. In the current study, chalcogen-containing compounds, 4-(4-benzylphenyl) thiazol-2-amine (ARM1) and its selenazole (TTSe) and oxazole (TTO) derivatives were characterized regarding their inhibitory and binding properties. All three compounds selectively inhibit the epoxide hydrolase activity of LTA4H at low micromolar concentrations, while sparing the aminopeptidase activity. These inhibitors also block the 5-LOX activity in leukocytes and have distinct inhibition constants with recombinant 5-LOX. Furthermore, high-resolution structures of LTA4H with inhibitors were determined and potential binding sites to 5-LOX were proposed. In conclusion, we present chalcogen-containing inhibitors which differentially target essential steps in the biosynthetic route for LTB4 and can potentially be used as modulators of inflammatory response by the 5-LOX pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarvi Teder
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefanie König
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Greifswald University, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Singh
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Samuelsson
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 7743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Greifswald University, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Krauth V, Bruno F, Pace S, Jordan PM, Temml V, Preziosa Romano M, Khan H, Schuster D, Rossi A, Filosa R, Werz O. Highly potent and selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibition by new, simple heteroaryl-substituted catechols for treatment of inflammation. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115385. [PMID: 36535528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (LO) catalyzes the first steps in the formation of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes (LT) that are pivotal lipid mediators contributing to allergic reactions and inflammatory disorders. Based on its key role in LT biosynthesis, 5-LO is an attractive drug target, demanding for effective and selective inhibitors with efficacy in vivo, which however, are still rare. Encouraged by the recent identification of the catechol 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)dibenzofuran 1 as 5-LO inhibitor, simple structural modifications were made to yield even more effective and selective catechol derivatives. Within this new series, the two most potent compounds 3,4-dihydroxy-3'-phenoxybiphenyl (6b) and 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)benzo[b]thiophene (6d) potently inhibited human 5-LO in cell-free (IC506b and 6d = 20 nM) and cell-based assays (IC506b = 70 nM, 6d = 60 nM). Inhibition of 5-LO was reversible, unaffected by exogenously added substrate arachidonic acid, and not primarily mediated via radical scavenging and antioxidant activities. Functional 5-LO mutants expressed in HEK293 cells were still prone to inhibition by 6b and 6d, and docking simulations revealed distinct binding of the catechol moiety to 5-LO at an allosteric site. Analysis of 5-LO nuclear membrane translocation and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization revealed that these 5-LO-activating events are hardly affected by the catechols. Importantly, the high inhibitory potency of 6b and 6d was confirmed in human blood and in a murine zymosan-induced peritonitis model in vivo. Our results enclose these novel catechol derivatives as highly potent, novel type inhibitors of 5-LO with high selectivity and with marked effectiveness under pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Krauth
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ferdinando Bruno
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; Advanced Medical Pharma, (AMP-BIOTEC) Healthcare Research and Innovation Center, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, (BN), Italy
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Maria Preziosa Romano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; Advanced Medical Pharma, (AMP-BIOTEC) Healthcare Research and Innovation Center, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, (BN), Italy
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, I-80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Filosa
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; Advanced Medical Pharma, (AMP-BIOTEC) Healthcare Research and Innovation Center, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, (BN), Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Cardiac Rehabilitation Unit of Telese Terme Institute, Italy.
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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7
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Masi F, Chianese G, Hofstetter RK, Cavallaro AL, Riva A, Werz O, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Phytochemical profile and anti-inflammatory activity of a commercially available Rhodiola rosea root extract. Fitoterapia 2023; 166:105439. [PMID: 36716798 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea roots and rhizomes hold an important place in the folk medicines of Russia, Scandinavia, Mongolia, and China as a health supplement for stimulating the nervous system, enhancing physical and mental performances, and nowadays they constitute the active ingredient in many popular commercial preparations sold worldwide as food additives, pharmaceutical remedies, and drinks. This study was aimed at providing a detailed phytochemical characterization of the Rhodiola 5%, a commercially available extract of R. rosea roots, and resulted in the characterization of 18 secondary metabolites, including 13 polyphenols and 6 terpenoids, and in the discovery of the new rhodiosidin (5), the first R. rosea metabolite to show both terpenoid and cinnamoyl moieties. The 5-lipoxygenase inhibiting activity of the main components was characterized and disclosed that rosiridin (6), kenposide A and rosavins are mainly responsible for this activity of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Masi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Chianese
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Robert K Hofstetter
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Arianna Lucia Cavallaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Antonella Riva
- Indena SpA, Product Innovation and Development & LCM, Viale Ortles, 12, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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8
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Cerqua I, Musella S, Peltner LK, D’Avino D, Di Sarno V, Granato E, Vestuto V, Di Matteo R, Pace S, Ciaglia T, Bilancia R, Smaldone G, Di Matteo F, Di Micco S, Bifulco G, Pepe G, Basilicata MG, Rodriquez M, Gomez-Monterrey IM, Campiglia P, Ostacolo C, Roviezzo F, Werz O, Rossi A, Bertamino A. Discovery and Optimization of Indoline-Based Compounds as Dual 5-LOX/sEH Inhibitors: In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Characterization. J Med Chem 2022; 65:14456-14480. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Cerqua
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Musella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Lukas Klaus Peltner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Danilo D’Avino
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Di Sarno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Granato
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vestuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Rita Di Matteo
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Tania Ciaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Rossella Bilancia
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gerardina Smaldone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Matteo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Simone Di Micco
- European Biomedical Research Institute (EBRIS), Via S. De Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Rodriquez
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute (EBRIS), Via S. De Renzi 50, 84125 Salerno, Italy
| | - Carmine Ostacolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, University Federico II of Naples, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertamino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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9
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Dunsmore L, Navo CD, Becher J, de Montes EG, Guerreiro A, Hoyt E, Brown L, Zelenay V, Mikutis S, Cooper J, Barbieri I, Lawrinowitz S, Siouve E, Martin E, Ruivo PR, Rodrigues T, da Cruz FP, Werz O, Vassiliou G, Ravn P, Jiménez-Osés G, Bernardes GJL. Controlled masking and targeted release of redox-cycling ortho-quinones via a C-C bond-cleaving 1,6-elimination. Nat Chem 2022; 14:754-765. [PMID: 35764792 PMCID: PMC9252919 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Natural products that contain ortho-quinones show great potential as anticancer agents but have been largely discarded from clinical development because their redox-cycling behaviour results in general systemic toxicity. Here we report conjugation of ortho-quinones to a carrier, which simultaneously masks their underlying redox activity. C-benzylation at a quinone carbonyl forms a redox-inactive benzyl ketol. Upon a specific enzymatic trigger, an acid-promoted, self-immolative C-C bond-cleaving 1,6-elimination mechanism releases the redox-active hydroquinone inside cells. By using a 5-lipoxygenase modulator, β-lapachone, we created cathepsin-B-cleavable quinone prodrugs. We applied the strategy for intracellular release of β-lapachone upon antibody-mediated delivery. Conjugation of protected β-lapachone to Gem-IgG1 antibodies, which contain the variable region of gemtuzumab, results in homogeneous, systemically non-toxic and conditionally stable CD33+-specific antibody-drug conjugates with in vivo efficacy against a xenograft murine model of acute myeloid leukaemia. This protection strategy could allow the use of previously overlooked natural products as anticancer agents, thus extending the range of drugs available for next-generation targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Dunsmore
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudio D Navo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio-Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Julie Becher
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ana Guerreiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emily Hoyt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Libby Brown
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sigitas Mikutis
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Cooper
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isaia Barbieri
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefanie Lawrinowitz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Elise Siouve
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Esther Martin
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pedro R Ruivo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipa P da Cruz
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - George Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Ravn
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biotherapeutic Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Osés
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio-Bizkaia, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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10
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Plectranthus Zeylanicus: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040436. [PMID: 35455433 PMCID: PMC9032881 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plectranthus zeylanicus Benth is used in Sri Lankan folk medicine as a remedy for inflammatory conditions and microbial infections. Our previous investigations revealed potent 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitory activity in lipophilic extracts of this plant, supporting its anti-inflammatory potential. In-depth studies on the antimicrobial activity have not been conducted and the bioactive ingredients remained elusive. As a continuation of our previous work, the present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different extracts of P. zeylanicus and to isolate and characterize bioactive secondary metabolites. Different organic extracts of this plant were analyzed for their antibacterial activity, and the most active extract, i.e., dichloromethane extract, was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation, which led to the isolation of 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone. This compound displayed strong antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5 µg/mL, and its disinfectant capacity was comparable to the potency of a commercial disinfectant. Moreover, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone inhibits 5-LO with IC50 values of 1.3 and 5.1 µg/mL in cell-free and cell-based assays, respectively. These findings rationalize the ethnopharmacological use of P. zeylanicus as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory remedy.
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11
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Ergül AG, Maz TG, Kretzer C, Olğaç A, Jordan PM, Çalışkan B, Werz O, Banoglu E. Novel potent benzimidazole-based microsomal prostaglandin E2 Synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitors derived from BRP-201 that also inhibit leukotriene C4 synthase. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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12
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In Silico, In Vitro, and In Vivo Analysis of Tanshinone IIA and Cryptotanshinone from Salvia miltiorrhiza as Modulators of Cyclooxygenase-2/mPGES-1/Endothelial Prostaglandin EP3 Pathway. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010099. [PMID: 35053247 PMCID: PMC8774285 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) and cryptotanshinone (CRY) from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge were investigated for their inhibitory activity against the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)/endothelial prostaglandin 3 (EP3) pathway using in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo assays. From the analysis of the docking poses, both diterpenoids were able to interact significantly with COX-2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR), and mPGES-1. This evidence was further corroborated by data obtained from a cell-free assay, where CRY displayed a significant inhibitory potency against mPGES-1 (IC50 = 1.9 ± 0.4 µM) and 5-LO (IC50 = 7.1 µM), while TIIA showed no relevant inhibition of these targets. This was consistent with their activity to increase mice bleeding time (CRY: 2.44 ± 0.13 min, p ≤ 0.001; TIIA: 2.07 ± 0.17 min p ≤ 0.01) and with the capability to modulate mouse clot retraction (CRY: 0.048 ± 0.011 g, p ≤ 0.01; TIIA: 0.068 ± 0.009 g, p ≤ 0.05). For the first time, our results show that TIIA and, in particular, CRY are able to interact significantly with the key proteins involved not only in the onset of inflammation but also in platelet activity (and hyper-reactivity). Future preclinical and clinical investigations, together with this evidence, could provide the scientific basis to consider these compounds as an alternative therapeutic approach for thrombotic- and thromboembolic-based diseases.
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13
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Kretzer C, Jordan PM, Meyer KPL, Hoff D, Werner M, Hofstetter RK, Koeberle A, Cala Peralta A, Viault G, Seraphin D, Richomme P, Helesbeux JJ, Stuppner H, Temml V, Schuster D, Werz O. Natural chalcones elicit formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators and related 15-lipoxygenase products in human macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 195:114825. [PMID: 34762841 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) comprise lipid mediators (LMs) produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via stereoselective oxygenation particularly involving 12/15-lipoxygenases (LOXs). In contrast to pro-inflammatory LMs such as leukotrienes formed by 5-LOX and prostaglandins formed by cyclooxygenases, the SPMs have anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving properties. Although glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that block prostaglandin production are still prime therapeutics for inflammation-related diseases despite severe side effects, novel concepts focus on SPMs as immunoresolvents for anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy. Here, we studied the natural chalcone MF-14 and the corresponding dihydrochalcone MF-15 from Melodorum fruticosum, for modulating the biosynthesis of LM including leukotrienes, prostaglandins, SPM and their 12/15-LOX-derived precursors in human monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) M1- and M2-like phenotypes. In MDM challenged with Staphylococcus aureus-derived exotoxins both compounds (10 µM) significantly suppressed 5-LOX product formation but increased the biosynthesis of 12/15-LOX products, especially in M2-MDM. Intriguingly, in resting M2-MDM, MF-14 and MF-15 strikingly evoked generation of 12/15-LOX products and of SPMs from liberated PUFAs, along with translocation of 15-LOX-1 to membranous compartments. Enhanced 12/15-LOX product formation by the chalcones was evident also when exogenous PUFAs were supplied, excluding increased substrate supply as sole underlying mechanism. Rather, MF-14 and MF-15 stimulate the activity of 15-LOX-1, supported by experiments with HEK293 cells transfected with either 5-LOX, 15-LOX-1 or 15-LOX-2. Together, the natural chalcone MF-14 and the dihydrochalcone MF-15 favorably modulate LM biosynthesis in human macrophages by suppressing pro-inflammatory leukotrienes but stimulating formation of SPMs by differential interference with 5-LOX and 15-LOX-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kretzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Katharina P L Meyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoff
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Markus Werner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Robert Klaus Hofstetter
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany; Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena 07743, Germany.
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14
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Neukirch K, Alsabil K, Dinh CP, Bilancia R, Raasch M, Ville A, Cerqua I, Viault G, Bréard D, Pace S, Temml V, Brunner E, Jordan PM, Marques MC, Loeser K, Gollowitzer A, Permann S, Gerstmeier J, Lorkowski S, Stuppner H, Garscha U, Rodrigues T, Bernardes GJL, Schuster D, Séraphin D, Richomme P, Rossi A, Mosig AS, Roviezzo F, Werz O, Helesbeux JJ, Koeberle A. Exploration of Long-Chain Vitamin E Metabolites for the Discovery of a Highly Potent, Orally Effective, and Metabolically Stable 5-LOX Inhibitor that Limits Inflammation. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11496-11526. [PMID: 34279935 PMCID: PMC8365602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous long-chain metabolites of vitamin E (LCMs) mediate immune functions by targeting 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and increasing the systemic concentrations of resolvin E3, a specialized proresolving lipid mediator. SAR studies on semisynthesized analogues highlight α-amplexichromanol (27a), which allosterically inhibits 5-LOX, being considerably more potent than endogenous LCMs in human primary immune cells and blood. Other enzymes within lipid mediator biosynthesis were not substantially inhibited, except for microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1. Compound 27a is metabolized by sulfation and β-oxidation in human liver-on-chips and exhibits superior metabolic stability in mice over LCMs. Pharmacokinetic studies show distribution of 27a from plasma to the inflamed peritoneal cavity and lung. In parallel, 5-LOX-derived leukotriene levels decrease, and the inflammatory reaction is suppressed in reconstructed human epidermis, murine peritonitis, and experimental asthma in mice. Our study highlights 27a as an orally active, LCM-inspired drug candidate that limits inflammation with superior potency and metabolic stability to the endogenous lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Neukirch
- Michael
Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Chau-Phi Dinh
- Univ
Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Rossella Bilancia
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Martin Raasch
- Institute
of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexia Ville
- Univ
Angers, SONAS, SFR QUASAV, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Ida Cerqua
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Simona Pace
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Elena Brunner
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Paul M. Jordan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marta C. Marques
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Konstantin Loeser
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - André Gollowitzer
- Michael
Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephan Permann
- Michael
Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Department
of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutritional
Science and Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health
(nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute
of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck
(CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, University of
Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K.
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department
of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alexander S. Mosig
- Institute
of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael
Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department
of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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15
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Structure-based screening for the discovery of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles as promising hits for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents interfering with eicosanoid biosynthesis pathways. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113693. [PMID: 34315041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The multiple inhibition of biological targets involved in pro-inflammatory eicosanoid biosynthesis represents an innovative strategy for treating inflammatory disorders in light of higher efficacy and safety. Herein, following a multidisciplinary protocol involving virtual combinatorial screening, chemical synthesis, and in vitro and in vivo validation of the biological activities, we report the identification of 1,2,4-oxadiazole-based eicosanoid biosynthesis multi-target inhibitors. The multidisciplinary scientific approach led to the identification of three 1,2,4-oxadiazole hits (compounds 1, 2 and 5), all endowed with IC50 values in the low micromolar range, acting as 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) antagonists (compounds 1 and 2), and as a multi-target inhibitor (compound 5) of arachidonic acid cascade enzymes, namely cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1). Moreover, our in vivo results demonstrate that compound 5 is able to attenuate leukocyte migration in a model of zymosan-induced peritonitis and to modulate the production of IL-1β and TNF-α. These results are of interest for further expanding the chemical diversity around the 1,2,4-oxadiazole central core, enabling the identification of novel anti-inflammatory agents characterized by a favorable pharmacological profile and considering that moderate interference with multiple targets might have advantages in re-adjusting homeostasis.
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Beneficial Modulation of Lipid Mediator Biosynthesis in Innate Immune Cells by Antirheumatic Tripterygium wilfordii Glycosides. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050746. [PMID: 34067705 PMCID: PMC8155965 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides (TWG) is a traditional Chinese medicine with effectiveness against rheumatoid arthritis (RA), supported by numerous clinical trials. Lipid mediators (LM) are biomolecules produced from polyunsaturated fatty acids mainly by cyclooxygenases (COX) and lipoxygenases (LOX) in complex networks which regulate inflammation and immune responses and are strongly linked to RA. The mechanism by which TWG affects LM networks in RA treatment remains elusive. Employing LM metabololipidomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed striking modulation of LM pathways by TWG in human monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) phenotypes. In inflammatory M1-MDM, TWG (30 µg/mL) potently suppressed agonist-induced formation of 5-LOX products which was confirmed in human PMNL and traced back to direct inhibition of 5-LOX (IC50 = 2.9 µg/mL). TWG also efficiently blocked thromboxane formation in M1-MDM without inhibiting other prostanoids and COX enzymes. Importantly, in anti-inflammatory M2-MDM, TWG (30 µg/mL) induced pronounced formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) and related 12/15-LOX-derived SPM precursors, without COX and 5-LOX activation. During MDM polarization, TWG (1 µg/mL) decreased the capacity to generate pro-inflammatory 5-LOX and COX products, cytokines and markers for M1 phenotypes. Together, suppression of pro-inflammatory LM but SPM induction may contribute to the antirheumatic properties of TWG.
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17
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Anti-inflammatory celastrol promotes a switch from leukotriene biosynthesis to formation of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105556. [PMID: 33812006 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pentacyclic triterpenoid quinone methide celastrol (CS) from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. effectively ameliorates inflammation with potential as therapeutics for inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving features of CS are incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that CS potently inhibits the activity of human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), the key enzyme in pro-inflammatory leukotriene (LT) formation, in cell-free assays with IC50 = 0.19-0.49 µM. Employing metabololipidomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in activated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes or M1 macrophages we found that CS (1 µM) potently suppresses 5-LOX-derived products without impairing the formation of lipid mediators (LM) formed by 12-/15-LOXs as well as fatty acid substrate release. Intriguingly, CS induced the generation of 12-/15-LOX-derived LM including the specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) resolvin D5 in human M2 macrophages. Finally, intraperitoneal pre-treatment of mice with 10 mg/kg CS strongly impaired zymosan-induced LT formation and simultaneously elevated the levels of SPM and related 12-/15-LOX-derived LM in peritoneal exudates, spleen and plasma in vivo. Conclusively, CS promotes a switch from LT biosynthesis to formation of SPM which may underlie the anti-inflammatory and inflammation-resolving effects of CS, representing an interesting pharmacological strategy for intervention with inflammatory disorders.
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18
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Gilbert NC, Gerstmeier J, Schexnaydre EE, Börner F, Garscha U, Neau DB, Werz O, Newcomer ME. Structural and mechanistic insights into 5-lipoxygenase inhibition by natural products. Nat Chem Biol 2020; 16:783-790. [PMID: 32393899 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-020-0544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LT) are lipid mediators of the inflammatory response that are linked to asthma and atherosclerosis. LT biosynthesis is initiated by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with the assistance of the substrate-binding 5-LOX-activating protein at the nuclear membrane. Here, we contrast the structural and functional consequences of the binding of two natural product inhibitors of 5-LOX. The redox-type inhibitor nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is lodged in the 5-LOX active site, now fully exposed by disordering of the helix that caps it in the apo-enzyme. In contrast, the allosteric inhibitor 3-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA) from frankincense wedges between the membrane-binding and catalytic domains of 5-LOX, some 30 Å from the catalytic iron. While enzyme inhibition by NDGA is robust, AKBA promotes a shift in the regiospecificity, evident in human embryonic kidney 293 cells and in primary immune cells expressing 5-LOX. Our results suggest a new approach to isoform-specific 5-LOX inhibitor development through exploitation of an allosteric site in 5-LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel C Gilbert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Erin E Schexnaydre
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Friedemann Börner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - David B Neau
- Cornell University, Northeastern Collaborative Access Team, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany.
| | - Marcia E Newcomer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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19
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Napagoda M, Gerstmeier J, Butschek H, De Soyza S, Pace S, Lorenz S, Qader M, Witharana S, Nagahawatte A, Wijayaratne G, Svatoš A, Jayasinghe L, Koeberle A, Werz O. The Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Potential of Selected Ethnomedicinal Plants from Sri Lanka. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081894. [PMID: 32326068 PMCID: PMC7221831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional folk medicine in Sri Lanka is mostly based on plants and plant-derived products, however, many of these medicinal plant species are scientifically unexplored. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial potency of 28 different extracts prepared from seven popular medicinal plant species employed in Sri Lanka. The extracts were subjected to cell-based and cell-free assays of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES)-1, and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity. Moreover, antibacterial and disinfectant activities were assessed. Characterization of secondary metabolites was achieved by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. n-Hexane- and dichloromethane-based extracts of Garcinia cambogia efficiently suppressed 5-LO activity in human neutrophils (IC50 = 0.92 and 1.39 µg/mL), and potently inhibited isolated human 5-LO (IC50 = 0.15 and 0.16 µg/mL) and mPGES-1 (IC50 = 0.29 and 0.49 µg/mL). Lipophilic extracts of Pothos scandens displayed potent inhibition of mPGES-1 only. A methanolic extract of Ophiorrhiza mungos caused significant NO scavenging activity. The lipophilic extracts of G. cambogia exhibited prominent antibacterial and disinfectant activities, and GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of fatty acids, sesquiterpenes and other types of secondary metabolites. Together, our results suggest the prospective utilization of G.cambogia as disinfective agent with potent anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Napagoda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka;
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (O.W.); Tel.: +94-(0)71 9216281 (M.N.); +49-(0)3641-949801 (O.W.)
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.G.); (H.B.); (S.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Hannah Butschek
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.G.); (H.B.); (S.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Sudhara De Soyza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.G.); (H.B.); (S.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Sybille Lorenz
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; (S.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Mallique Qader
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka; (M.Q.); (L.J.)
| | - Sanjeeva Witharana
- Faculty of Engineering, Higher Colleges of Technology, PO Box 4793 Abu Dhabi, UAE;
| | - Ajith Nagahawatte
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka; (A.N.); (G.W.)
| | - Gaya Wijayaratne
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka; (A.N.); (G.W.)
| | - Aleš Svatoš
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany; (S.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Lalith Jayasinghe
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka; (M.Q.); (L.J.)
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.G.); (H.B.); (S.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany; (J.G.); (H.B.); (S.P.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (O.W.); Tel.: +94-(0)71 9216281 (M.N.); +49-(0)3641-949801 (O.W.)
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20
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Lauro G, Terracciano S, Cantone V, Ruggiero D, Fischer K, Pace S, Werz O, Bruno I, Bifulco G. A Combinatorial Virtual Screening Approach Driving the Synthesis of 2,4-Thiazolidinedione-Based Molecules as New Dual mPGES-1/5-LO Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:481-489. [PMID: 32022480 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dual inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), two key enzymes involved in pro-inflammatory eicosanoid biosynthesis, represents a new strategy for treating inflammatory disorders. Herein we report the discovery of 2,4-thiazolidinedione-based mPGES-1/5-LO dual inhibitors following a multidisciplinary protocol, involving virtual combinatorial screening, chemical synthesis, and validation of the biological activities for the selected compounds. Following the multicomponent-based chemical route for the decoration of the 2,4-thiazolidinedione core, a large library of virtual compounds was built (∼2.0×104 items) and submitted to virtual screening. Nine selected molecules were synthesized and biologically evaluated, disclosing among them four compounds able to reduce the activity of both enzymes in the mid- and low- micromolar range of activities. These results are of interest for further expanding the chemical diversity around the 2,4-thiazolidinedione central core, facilitating the identification of novel anti-inflammatory agents endowed with a promising and safer pharmacological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Lauro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Stefania Terracciano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Vincenza Cantone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Dafne Ruggiero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy.,PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Katrin Fischer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry Institute of Pharmacy, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Ines Bruno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
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21
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Olgac A, Carotti A, Kretzer C, Zergiebel S, Seeling A, Garscha U, Werz O, Macchiarulo A, Banoglu E. Discovery of Novel 5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Protein (FLAP) Inhibitors by Exploiting a Multistep Virtual Screening Protocol. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:1737-1748. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Olgac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, 06560 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Evias Pharmaceutical R&D Ltd., Gazi Teknopark G1-101, 06830 Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Andrea Carotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Christian Kretzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Zergiebel
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Seeling
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, 06560 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
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22
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Traeger A, Voelker S, Shkodra-Pula B, Kretzer C, Schubert S, Gottschaldt M, Schubert US, Werz O. Improved Bioactivity of the Natural Product 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor Hyperforin by Encapsulation into Polymeric Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:810-816. [PMID: 31967843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hyperforin, a highly hydrophobic prenylated acylphloroglucinol from the medical plant St. John's Wort, possesses anti-inflammatory properties and suppresses the formation of proinflammatory leukotrienes by inhibiting the key enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Despite its strong effectiveness and the unique molecular mode of interference with 5-LO, the high lipophilicity of hyperforin hampers its efficacy in vivo and, thus, impairs its therapeutic value, especially because of poor water solubility and strong plasma (albumin) protein binding. To overcome these hurdles that actually apply to many other hydrophobic 5-LO inhibitors, we have encapsulated hyperforin into nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of acetalated dextran (AcDex) to avoid plasma protein binding and thus improve its cellular supply under physiologically relevant conditions. Encapsulated hyperforin potently suppressed 5-LO activity in human neutrophils, but it failed to interfere with 5-LO activity in a cell-free assay, as expected. In the presence of human serum albumin (HSA), hyperforin was unable to inhibit cellular 5-LO activity, seemingly because of strong albumin binding. However, when encapsulated into NPs, hyperforin caused strong inhibition of 5-LO activity in the presence of HSA. Together, encapsulation of the highly hydrophobic hyperforin as a representative of lipophilic 5-LO inhibitors into AcDex-based NPs allows for efficient inhibition of 5-LO activity in neutrophils in the presence of albumin because of effective uptake and circumvention of plasma protein binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Traeger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Susanna Voelker
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Blerina Shkodra-Pula
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Kretzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Schubert
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
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23
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Gerstmeier J, Seegers J, Witt F, Waltenberger B, Temml V, Rollinger JM, Stuppner H, Koeberle A, Schuster D, Werz O. Ginkgolic Acid is a Multi-Target Inhibitor of Key Enzymes in Pro-Inflammatory Lipid Mediator Biosynthesis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:797. [PMID: 31379572 PMCID: PMC6650749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lipid mediators (LMs) comprise bioactive metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including pro-inflammatory prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), and leukotrienes (LTs), as well as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). They are essentially biosynthesized via cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LO) pathways in complex networks and regulate the progression as well as the resolution of inflammatory disorders including inflammation-triggered cancer. Ginkgolic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid contained in Ginkgo biloba L. with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and antitumoral properties. Although LMs regulate microbial infections and tumor progression, whether GA affects LM biosynthesis is unknown and was investigated here in detail. Methods: Pharmacophore-based virtual screening was performed along with docking simulations. Activity assays were conducted for isolated human recombinant 5-LO, cytosolic phospholipase (PLA)2α, COX-2, and ovine COX-1. The activity of human mPGES-1 and thromboxane A2 synthase (TXAS) was determined in crude cellular fractions. Cellular LM formation was studied using human monocytes, neutrophils, platelets, and M1- and M2-like macrophages. LMs were identified after (ultra)high-performance liquid chromatography by UV detection or ESI-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: GA was identified as virtual hit in an mPGES-1 pharmacophore-based virtual screening. Cell-free assays revealed potent suppression of mPGES-1 activity (IC50 = 0.7 µM) that is fully reversible and essentially independent of the substrate concentration. Moreover, cell-free assays revealed COX-1 and TXAS as additional targets of GA with lower affinity (IC50 = 8.1 and 5.2 µM). Notably, 5-LO, the key enzyme in LT biosynthesis, was potently inhibited by GA (IC50 = 0.2 µM) in a reversible and substrate-independent manner. Docking simulations support the molecular interaction of GA with mPGES-1 and 5-LO and suggest concrete binding sites. Interestingly, interference of GA with mPGES-1, COX-1, TXAS, and 5-LO was evident also in intact cells with IC50 values of 2.1-3.8 µM; no radical scavenging or cytotoxic properties were obvious. Analysis of LM profiles from bacteria-stimulated human M1- and M2-like macrophages confirmed the multi-target features of GA and revealed LM redirection towards the formation of 12-/15-LO products including SPM. Conclusions: We reveal GA as potent multi-target inhibitor of key enzymes in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory LMs that contribute to the complex pharmacological and toxicological properties of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Gerstmeier
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Seegers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, Eberhard-Karls-University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Finja Witt
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Veronika Temml
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Judith M. Rollinger
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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24
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Hartung NM, Fischer J, Ostermann AI, Willenberg I, Rund KM, Schebb NH, Garscha U. Impact of food polyphenols on oxylipin biosynthesis in human neutrophils. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1536-1544. [PMID: 31125704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The intake of food polyphenols is associated with beneficial impacts on health. Besides anti-oxidative effects, anti-inflammatory properties have been suggested as molecular modes of action, which may result from modulations of the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade. Here, we investigated the effects of a library of food polyphenols on 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activity in a cell-free assay, and in human neutrophils. Resveratrol, its dimer (ε-viniferin), and its imine analogue (IRA) potently blocked the 5-LOX-mediated LT formation in neutrophils with IC50 values in low μM-range. Among the tested flavonoids only the isoflavone genistein showed potent 5-LOX inhibition in neutrophils (IC50 = 0.4 ± 0.1 μM), however was ineffective on isolated 5-LOX. We exclude an interference with the 5-LOX-activating protein (FLAP) in HEK_5-LOX/±FLAP cells and suggest global effects on intact immune cells. Using LC-MS based targeted oxylipin metabolomics, we analyzed the effects of 5-LOX-inhibiting polyphenols on all branches of the AA cascade in Ca2+-ionophore-challenged neutrophils. While ε-viniferin causes a clear substrate shunt towards the remaining AA cascade enzymes (15-LOX, cyclooxygenase - COX-1/2, cytochrome P450), resveratrol inhibited the COX-1/2 pathway and showed a weak attenuation of 12/15-LOX activity. IRA had no impact on 15-LOX activity, but elevated the formation of COX-derived prostaglandins, having no inhibitory effects on COX-1/2. Overall, we show that food polyphenols have the ability to block 5-LOX activity and the oxylipin pattern is modulated with a remarkable compound/structural specificity. Taken the importance of polyphenols for a healthy diet and their concentration in food supplements into account, this finding justifies further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Hartung
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jana Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Annika I Ostermann
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ina Willenberg
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Katharina M Rund
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Institute for Food Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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25
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Novel benzoxanthene lignans that favorably modulate lipid mediator biosynthesis: A promising pharmacological strategy for anti-inflammatory therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:263-274. [PMID: 30836057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid mediators (LM) encompass pro-inflammatory prostaglandins (PG) and leukotrienes (LT) but also specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) which display pivotal bioactivities in health and disease. Pharmacological intervention with inflammatory disorders such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis commonly employs anti-inflammatory drugs that can suppress PG and LT formation, which however, possess limited effectiveness and side effects. Here, we report on the discovery and characterization of the two novel benzoxanthene lignans 1 and 2 that modulate select LM biosynthetic enzymes enabling the switch from pro-inflammatory LT to SPM biosynthesis as potential pharmacological strategy to intervene with inflammation. In cell-free assays, compound 1 and 2 inhibit microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 and leukotriene C4 synthase (IC50 ∼ 0.6-3.4 µM) and potently interfere with 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), the key enzyme in LT biosynthesis (IC50 = 0.04 and 0.09 µM). In human neutrophils, monocytes and M1 and M2 macrophages, compound 1 and 2 efficiently suppress LT biosynthesis (IC50 < 1 µM), accompanied by elevation of 15-LOX-derived LM including SPM. In zymosan-induced murine peritonitis, compound 1 and 2 ameliorated self-limited inflammation along with suppression of early LT formation and elevation of subsequent SPM biosynthesis in vivo. Together, these novel benzoxanthene lignans promote the LM class switch from pro-inflammatory towards pro-resolving LM to terminate inflammation, suggesting their suitability as novel leads for pharmacotherapy of arthritis and related inflammatory disorders.
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26
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Werner M, Jordan PM, Romp E, Czapka A, Rao Z, Kretzer C, Koeberle A, Garscha U, Pace S, Claesson HE, Serhan CN, Werz O, Gerstmeier J. Targeting biosynthetic networks of the proinflammatory and proresolving lipid metabolome. FASEB J 2019; 33:6140-6153. [PMID: 30735438 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802509r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs interfere with the metabolism of arachidonic acid to proinflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes by targeting cyclooxygenases (COXs), 5-lipoxygenase (LOX), or the 5-LOX-activating protein (FLAP). These and related enzymes act in conjunction with marked crosstalk within a complex lipid mediator (LM) network where also specialized proresolving LMs (SPMs) are formed. Here, we present how prominent LM pathways can be differentially modulated in human proinflammatory M1 and proresolving M2 macrophage phenotypes that, upon exposure to Escherichia coli, produce either abundant prostaglandins and leukotrienes (M1) or SPMs (M2). Targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabololipidomics was applied to analyze and quantify the specific LM profiles. Besides expected on-target actions, we found that: 1) COX or 15-LOX-1 inhibitors elevate inflammatory leukotriene levels, 2) FLAP and 5-LOX inhibitors reduce leukotrienes in M1 but less so in M2 macrophages, 3) zileuton blocks resolution-initiating SPM biosynthesis, whereas FLAP inhibition increases SPM levels, and 4) that the 15-LOX-1 inhibitor 3887 suppresses SPM formation in M2 macrophages. Conclusively, interference with discrete LM biosynthetic enzymes in different macrophage phenotypes considerably affects the LM metabolomes with potential consequences for inflammation-resolution pharmacotherapy. Our data may allow better appraisal of the therapeutic potential of these drugs to intervene with inflammatory disorders.-Werner, M., Jordan, P. M., Romp, E., Czapka, A., Rao, Z., Kretzer, C., Koeberle, A., Garscha, U., Pace, S., Claesson, H.-E., Serhan, C. N., Werz, O., Gerstmeier, J. Targeting biosynthetic networks of the proinflammatory and proresolving lipid metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Werner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Paul M Jordan
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Erik Romp
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Czapka
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Zhigang Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Kretzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Hans-Erik Claesson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Brigham and Women's Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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27
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König S, Pace S, Pein H, Heinekamp T, Kramer J, Romp E, Straßburger M, Troisi F, Proschak A, Dworschak J, Scherlach K, Rossi A, Sautebin L, Haeggström JZ, Hertweck C, Brakhage AA, Gerstmeier J, Proschak E, Werz O. Gliotoxin from Aspergillus fumigatus Abrogates Leukotriene B 4 Formation through Inhibition of Leukotriene A 4 Hydrolase. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:524-534.e5. [PMID: 30745237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The epidithiodioxopiperazine gliotoxin is a virulence factor of Aspergillus fumigatus, the most important airborne fungal pathogen of humans. Gliotoxin suppresses innate immunity in invasive aspergillosis, particularly by compromising neutrophils, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Neutrophils are the first responders among innate immune cells recruited to sites of infection by the chemoattractant leukotriene (LT)B4 that is biosynthesized by 5-lipoxygenase and LTA4 hydrolase (LTA4H). Here, we identified gliotoxin as inhibitor of LTA4H that selectively abrogates LTB4 formation in human leukocytes and in distinct animal models. Gliotoxin failed to inhibit the formation of other eicosanoids and the aminopeptidase activity of the bifunctional LTA4H. Suppression of LTB4 formation by gliotoxin required the cellular environment and/or reducing conditions, and only the reduced form of gliotoxin inhibited LTA4H activity. Conclusively, gliotoxin suppresses the biosynthesis of the potent neutrophil chemoattractant LTB4 by direct interference with LTA4H thereby impairing neutrophil functions in invasive aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie König
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Helmut Pein
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thorsten Heinekamp
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jan Kramer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Erik Romp
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Straßburger
- Transfer Group Antiinfectives, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Fabiana Troisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Anna Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Dworschak
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Kirstin Scherlach
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lidia Sautebin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), 07745 Jena, Germany; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knoell Institute (HKI), 07745 Jena, Germany; Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Muthuraman S, Sinha S, Vasavi CS, Waidha KM, Basu B, Munussami P, Balamurali MM, Doble M, Saravana Kumar R. Design, synthesis and identification of novel coumaperine derivatives for inhibition of human 5-LOX: Antioxidant, pseudoperoxidase and docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:604-619. [PMID: 30638966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes, leading to asthma. Developing potent 5-LOX inhibitors especially, natural product based ones, are highly attractive. Coumaperine, a natural product found in white pepper and its derivatives were herein developed as 5-LOX inhibitors. We have synthesized twenty four derivatives, characterized and evaluated their 5-LOX inhibition potential. Coumaperine derivatives substituted with multiple hydroxy and multiple methoxy groups exhibited best 5-LOX inhibition. CP-209, a catechol type dihydroxyl derivative and CP-262-F2, a vicinal trihydroxyl derivative exhibited, 82.7% and 82.5% inhibition of 5-LOX respectively at 20 µM. Their IC50 values are 2.1 ± 0.2 µM and 2.3 ± 0.2 µM respectively, and are comparable to zileuton, IC50 = 1.4 ± 0.2 µM. CP-155, a methylenedioxy derivative (a natural product) and CP-194, a 2,4,6-trimethoxy derivative showed 76.0% and 77.1% inhibition of 5-LOX respectively at 20 µM. Antioxidant study revealed that CP-209 and 262-F2 (at 20 µM) scavenged DPPH radical by 76.8% and 71.3% respectively. On the other hand, CP-155 and 194 showed very poor DPPH radical scavenging activity. Pseudo peroxidase assay confirmed that the mode of action of CP-209 and 262-F2 were by redox process, similar to zileuton, affecting the oxidation state of the metal ion in the enzyme. On the contrary, CP-155 and 194 probably act through some other mechanism which does not involve the disruption of the oxidation state of the metal in the enzyme. Molecular docking of CP-155 and 194 to the active site of 5-LOX and binding energy calculation suggested that they are non-competitive inhibitors. The In-Silico ADME/TOX analysis shows the active compounds (CP-155, 194, 209 and 262-F2) are with good drug likeliness and reduced toxicity compared to existing drug. These studies indicate that there is a great potential for coumaperine derivatives to be developed as anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramani Muthuraman
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Shweta Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamilnadu 600036, India.
| | - C S Vasavi
- Bioinformatics Division, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632 014, India
| | - Kamran Manzoor Waidha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, sector-125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Biswarup Basu
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026,India
| | - Punnagai Munussami
- Center for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 032, India
| | - M M Balamurali
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mukesh Doble
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamilnadu 600036, India
| | - Rajendran Saravana Kumar
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai 600127, Tamilnadu, India.
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Kar S, Ramamoorthy G, Sinha S, Ramanan M, Pola JK, Golakoti NR, Nanubolu JB, Sahoo SK, Dandamudi RB, Doble M. Synthesis of diarylidenecyclohexanone derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory leads against COX-2/mPGES1 and 5-LOX. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study establishes the diarylidenecyclohexanones as good anti-inflammatory pharmacophores with selective high potency against PGE2and 5-LOX without toxicity towards healthy human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayamsiddha Kar
- Department of Chemistry
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning
- India
| | - Gayathri Ramamoorthy
- Bioengineering and Drug Design Lab
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Madras
| | - Shweta Sinha
- Bioengineering and Drug Design Lab
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Madras
| | - Meera Ramanan
- Bioengineering and Drug Design Lab
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Madras
| | - Jeevan Kumar Pola
- Department of Chemistry
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning
- India
| | | | | | - Suraj Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry
- Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning
- India
| | | | - Mukesh Doble
- Bioengineering and Drug Design Lab
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Madras
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30
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König S, Romp E, Krauth V, Rühl M, Dörfer M, Liening S, Hofmann B, Häfner AK, Steinhilber D, Karas M, Garscha U, Hoffmeister D, Werz O. Melleolides from Honey Mushroom Inhibit 5-Lipoxygenase via Cys159. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 26:60-70.e4. [PMID: 30415966 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) initiates the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes from arachidonic acid, which requires the nuclear membrane-bound 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP) for substrate transfer. Here, we identified human 5-LO as a molecular target of melleolides from honey mushroom (Armillaria mellea). Melleolides inhibit 5-LO via an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde serving as Michael acceptor for surface cysteines at the substrate entrance that are revealed as molecular determinants for 5-LO activity. Experiments with 5-LO mutants, where select cysteines had been replaced by serine, indicated that the investigated melleolides suppress 5-LO product formation via two distinct modes of action: (1) by direct interference with 5-LO activity involving two or more of the cysteines 159, 300, 416, and 418, and (2) by preventing 5-LO/FLAP assemblies involving selectively Cys159 in 5-LO. Interestingly, replacement of Cys159 by serine prevented 5-LO/FLAP assemblies as well, implying Cys159 as determinant for 5-LO/FLAP complex formation at the nuclear membrane required for leukotriene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie König
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Erik Romp
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Verena Krauth
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Rühl
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maximilian Dörfer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology at the Hans Knöll Institute, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Liening
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bettina Hofmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Karas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Hoffmeister
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology at the Hans Knöll Institute, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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31
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Napagoda M, Gerstmeier J, Butschek H, Lorenz S, Kanatiwela D, Qader M, Nagahawatte A, De Soyza S, Wijayaratne GB, Svatoš A, Jayasinghe L, Koeberle A, Werz O. Lipophilic extracts of Leucas zeylanica, a multi-purpose medicinal plant in the tropics, inhibit key enzymes involved in inflammation and gout. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:474-481. [PMID: 29727733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leucas zeylanica (L.) W.T. Aiton is a popular, multi-purpose medicinal plant in Sri Lanka but the pharmacological potential and the chemical profile have not been systematically investigated to understand and rationalize the reported ethnobotanical significance. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was undertaken to scientifically validate the traditional usage of this plant for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, gout and microbial infections. Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES)-1 and xanthine oxidase (XO) by different extracts of L. zeylanica was investigated to determine the anti-inflammatory and anti-gout activity, respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were also studied and the relevant constituents in the bioactive extracts were tentatively identified. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell-free and/or cell-based assays were employed in order to investigate the effects of the extracts against the activity of human 5-LO, mPGES-1 and XO as well as to assess antioxidant properties. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was determined by the broth micro-dilution method against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus while the agar dilution method was employed to determine the anti-Candida activity. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis enabled the characterization of secondary metabolites in the extracts. RESULTS The dichloromethane extract of L. zeylanica efficiently inhibited 5-LO activity in stimulated human neutrophils (IC50 = 5.5 µg/mL) and isolated human 5-LO and mPGES-1 (IC50 = 2.2 and 0.4 µg/mL). Potent inhibition of XO was observed by the same extract (IC50 = 47.5 μg/mL), which is the first report of XO-inhibitory activity of a Sri Lankan medicinal plant. Interestingly, significant radical scavenging activity was not observed by this extract. Only the n-hexane extract exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus with a MIC of 250 µg/mL while the anti-Candida activity was moderate. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of phytosterols, fatty acids, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and several other types of secondary metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Potent inhibition of 5-LO, mPGES-1 and XO rationalizes the ethnopharmacological use of L. zeylanica as anti-inflammatory and anti-gout remedy. Interestingly, the antimicrobial activities were not prominent, despite its wide utility as an antimicrobial medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Napagoda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Hannah Butschek
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Sybille Lorenz
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Dinusha Kanatiwela
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Mallique Qader
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Ajith Nagahawatte
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Sudhara De Soyza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - Aleš Svatoš
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Lalith Jayasinghe
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Oliver Werz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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32
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Pein H, Ville A, Pace S, Temml V, Garscha U, Raasch M, Alsabil K, Viault G, Dinh CP, Guilet D, Troisi F, Neukirch K, König S, Bilancia R, Waltenberger B, Stuppner H, Wallert M, Lorkowski S, Weinigel C, Rummler S, Birringer M, Roviezzo F, Sautebin L, Helesbeux JJ, Séraphin D, Mosig AS, Schuster D, Rossi A, Richomme P, Werz O, Koeberle A. Endogenous metabolites of vitamin E limit inflammation by targeting 5-lipoxygenase. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3834. [PMID: 30237488 PMCID: PMC6148290 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic vitamin E metabolites have been proposed as signaling molecules, but their physiological role is unknown. Here we show, by library screening of potential human vitamin E metabolites, that long-chain ω-carboxylates are potent allosteric inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of chemoattractant and vasoactive leukotrienes. 13-((2R)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-yl)-2,6,10-trimethyltridecanoic acid (α-T-13'-COOH) can be synthesized from α-tocopherol in a human liver-on-chip, and is detected in human and mouse plasma at concentrations (8-49 nM) that inhibit 5-lipoxygenase in human leukocytes. α-T-13'-COOH accumulates in immune cells and inflamed murine exudates, selectively inhibits the biosynthesis of 5-lipoxygenase-derived lipid mediators in vitro and in vivo, and efficiently suppresses inflammation and bronchial hyper-reactivity in mouse models of peritonitis and asthma. Together, our data suggest that the immune regulatory and anti-inflammatory functions of α-tocopherol depend on its endogenous metabolite α-T-13'-COOH, potentially through inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Pein
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexia Ville
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Simona Pace
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Veronika Temml
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Raasch
- Institute of Biochemistry II and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Khaled Alsabil
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Guillaume Viault
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Chau-Phi Dinh
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - David Guilet
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Fabiana Troisi
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Konstantin Neukirch
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie König
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Rosella Bilancia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maria Wallert
- Chair of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Chair of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.,Competence Cluster of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle, Jena and Leipzig, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Christina Weinigel
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Silke Rummler
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Marc Birringer
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Sciences, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, 36037, Fulda, Germany
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Lidia Sautebin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Jean-Jacques Helesbeux
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Denis Séraphin
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Alexander S Mosig
- Institute of Biochemistry II and Center for Sepsis Control and Care, University Hospital Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Pascal Richomme
- Substances d'Origine Naturelle et Analogues Structuraux, SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV, UNIV Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, 49070, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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Design, synthesis and identification of novel substituted 2-amino thiazole analogues as potential anti-inflammatory agents targeting 5-lipoxygenase. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:34-50. [PMID: 30199704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a key enzyme targeted for asthma and inflammation. Zileuton, the only drug against 5-LOX, was withdrawn from the market due to several problems. In the present study, the performance of rationally designed conjugates of thiazole (2) and thiourea (3) scaffolds from our previously reported 2-amino-4-aryl thiazole (1) is reported. They are synthesized (total 31 derivatives), characterized, and tested against the 5-LOX enzyme in vitro and the mode of action of the most active ones are determined. Compound 2m exhibited an IC50 of 0.9 ± 0.1 μM acting through competitive (non-redox) mechanism, unlike Zileuton, and found to be devoid of radical scavenging properties. Computational studies are in good agreement with the experimental data supporting its mechanism of action. Another lead molecule from the thiourea series (3), 3f, exhibited an IC50 of 1.4 ± 0.1 μM against 5-LOX whose mode of action is redox type (non-competitive). It is promising to note that the activities displayed by both the lead inhibitors, 2m and 3f, are better than the commercial drug, Zileuton (IC50 = 1.5 ± 0.3 μM). These inhibitors could be further developed as drugs against inflammation.
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Cheung SY, Werner M, Esposito L, Troisi F, Cantone V, Liening S, König S, Gerstmeier J, Koeberle A, Bilancia R, Rizza R, Rossi A, Roviezzo F, Temml V, Schuster D, Stuppner H, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Werz O, Hanke T, Pace S. Discovery of a benzenesulfonamide-based dual inhibitor of microsomal prostaglandin E 2 synthase-1 and 5-lipoxygenase that favorably modulates lipid mediator biosynthesis in inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:815-830. [PMID: 30053720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LTs) and prostaglandin (PG)E2, produced by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1), respectively, are key players in inflammation, and pharmacological suppression of these lipid mediators (LM) represents a strategy to intervene with inflammatory disorders. Previous studies revealed that the benzenesulfonamide scaffold displays efficient 5-LO-inhibitory properties. Here, we structurally optimized benzenesulfonamides which led to an N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide derivative (compound 47) with potent inhibitory activities (IC50 = 2.3 and 0.4 μM for isolated 5-LO and 5-LO in intact cells, respectively). Compound 47 prevented the interaction of 5-LO with its activating protein (FLAP) at the nuclear envelope in transfected HEK293 cells as shown by in situ proximity ligation assay. Comprehensive assessment of the LM profile produced by human macrophages revealed the ability of 47 to selectively down-regulate pro-inflammatory LMs (i.e. LTs and PGE2) in M1 but to enhance the formation of pro-resolving LMs (i.e. resolvins and maresins) in M2 macrophages. Moreover, 47 strongly inhibited LT formation and cell infiltration in two in vivo models of acute inflammation (i.e., peritonitis and air pouch sterile inflammation in mice). Together, 47 represents a novel LT biosynthesis inhibitor with an attractive pharmacological profile as anti-inflammatory drug that also promotes the biosynthesis of pro-resolving LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Yee Cheung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt am Main, D-60438, Germany
| | - Markus Werner
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Lucia Esposito
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Fabiana Troisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Vincenza Cantone
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Stefanie Liening
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Stefanie König
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
| | - Rossella Bilancia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Fiorentina Roviezzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Veronika Temml
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Strubergasse 21, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Manfred Schubert-Zsilavecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt am Main, D-60438, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany.
| | - Thomas Hanke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt am Main, D-60438, Germany.
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, D-07743, Germany
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Brand S, Roy S, Schröder P, Rathmer B, Roos J, Kapoor S, Patil S, Pommerenke C, Maier T, Janning P, Eberth S, Steinhilber D, Schade D, Schneider G, Kumar K, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Combined Proteomic and In Silico Target Identification Reveal a Role for 5-Lipoxygenase in Developmental Signaling Pathways. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:1095-1106.e23. [PMID: 30251630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Identification and validation of the targets of bioactive small molecules identified in cell-based screening is challenging and often meets with failure, calling for the development of new methodology. We demonstrate that a combination of chemical proteomics with in silico target prediction employing the SPiDER method may provide efficient guidance for target candidate selection and prioritization for experimental in-depth evaluation. We identify 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) as the target of the Wnt pathway inhibitor Lipoxygenin. Lipoxygenin is a non-redox 5-LO inhibitor, modulates the β-catenin-5-LO complex and induces reduction of both β-catenin and 5-LO levels in the nucleus. Lipoxygenin and the structurally unrelated 5-LO inhibitor CJ-13,610 promote cardiac differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells and inhibit Hedgehog, TGF-β, BMP, and Activin A signaling, suggesting an unexpected and yet unknown role of 5-LO in these developmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Brand
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany; Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Sayantani Roy
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Peter Schröder
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany; Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Bernd Rathmer
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Jessica Roos
- Goethe Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Sumersing Patil
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Inhoffenstraße 7B, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Thorsten Maier
- Department for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany; Aarhus University, Department of Biomedicine, Bartholins Allé 6, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Petra Janning
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Sonja Eberth
- Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Inhoffenstraße 7B, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Goethe Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main 60438, Germany
| | - Dennis Schade
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Gisbert Schneider
- ETH Zürich, Institut für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max Planck Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany; Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany.
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36
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Roos J, Peters M, Maucher IV, Kühn B, Fettel J, Hellmuth N, Brat C, Sommer B, Urbschat A, Piesche M, Vogel A, Proschak E, Blöcher R, Buscató E, Häfner AK, Matrone C, Werz O, Heidler J, Wittig I, Angioni C, Geisslinger G, Parnham MJ, Zacharowski K, Steinhilber D, Maier TJ. Drug-Mediated Intracellular Donation of Nitric Oxide Potently Inhibits 5-Lipoxygenase: A Possible Key to Future Antileukotriene Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1265-1285. [PMID: 28699354 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) is the key enzyme of leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis and is critically involved in a number of inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, gout, bronchial asthma, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Because 5-LO contains critical nucleophilic amino acids, which are sensitive to electrophilic modifications, we determined the consequences of a drug-mediated intracellular release of nitric oxide (NO) on 5-LO product formation by human granulocytes and on 5-LO-dependent pulmonary inflammation in vivo. RESULTS Clinically relevant concentrations of NO-releasing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other agents releasing NO intracellularly suppress 5-LO product synthesis in isolated human granulocytes via direct S-nitrosylation of 5-LO at the catalytically important cysteines 416 and 418. Furthermore, suppression of 5-LO product formation was observed in ionophore-stimulated human whole blood and in an animal model of pulmonary inflammation. INNOVATION Here, we report for the first time that drugs releasing NO intracellularly are efficient 5-LO inhibitors in vitro and in vivo at least equivalent to approved 5-LO inhibitors. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a novel mechanistic strategy for the development of a new class of drugs suppressing LT biosynthesis by site-directed nitrosylation. The results may also help to better understand the well-recognized anti-inflammatory clinically relevant actions of NO-releasing drugs. Furthermore, our study describes in detail a novel molecular mode of action of NO. Rebound Track: This work was rejected during standard peer review and rescued by Rebound Peer Review (Antioxid Redox Signal 16: 293-296, 2012) with the following serving as open reviewers: Angel Lanas, Hartmut Kühn, Joan Clària, Orina Belton. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1265-1285.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Roos
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,2 Department for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marcus Peters
- 3 Department of Experimental Pneumology, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum, Germany
| | - Isabelle V Maucher
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kühn
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jasmin Fettel
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nadine Hellmuth
- 2 Department for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Camilla Brat
- 2 Department for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Benita Sommer
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anja Urbschat
- 4 Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg , Marburg, Germany .,5 Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Matthias Piesche
- 5 Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus C, Denmark .,6 Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule , Talca, Chile
| | - Anja Vogel
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany .,7 Project Group for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - René Blöcher
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Estella Buscató
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carmela Matrone
- 5 Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Oliver Werz
- 8 Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Jena, Germany
| | - Juliana Heidler
- 9 Department of Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- 9 Department of Functional Proteomics, SFB 815 Core Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carlo Angioni
- 10 Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- 7 Project Group for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME , Frankfurt, Germany .,10 Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael J Parnham
- 7 Project Group for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kai Zacharowski
- 2 Department for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- 1 Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University , Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Thorsten J Maier
- 2 Department for Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany .,5 Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus C, Denmark
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Identification of multi-target inhibitors of leukotriene and prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis by structural tuning of the FLAP inhibitor BRP-7. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:876-899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Triterpene Acids from Frankincense and Semi-Synthetic Derivatives That Inhibit 5-Lipoxygenase and Cathepsin G. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020506. [PMID: 29495286 PMCID: PMC6017322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, are often associated with chronic unresolved inflammation. Neutrophils play central roles in this process by releasing tissue-degenerative proteases, such as cathepsin G, as well as pro-inflammatory leukotrienes produced by the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway. Boswellic acids (BAs) are pentacyclic triterpene acids contained in the gum resin of the anti-inflammatory remedy frankincense that target cathepsin G and 5-LO in neutrophils, and might thus represent suitable leads for intervention with age-associated diseases that have a chronic inflammatory component. Here, we investigated whether, in addition to BAs, other triterpene acids from frankincense interfere with 5-LO and cathepsin G. We provide a comprehensive analysis of 17 natural tetra- or pentacyclic triterpene acids for suppression of 5-LO product synthesis in human neutrophils. These triterpene acids were also investigated for their direct interference with 5-LO and cathepsin G in cell-free assays. Furthermore, our studies were expanded to 10 semi-synthetic BA derivatives. Our data reveal that besides BAs, several tetra- and pentacyclic triterpene acids are effective or even superior inhibitors of 5-LO product formation in human neutrophils, and in parallel, inhibit cathepsin G. Their beneficial target profile may qualify triterpene acids as anti-inflammatory natural products and pharmacological leads for intervention with diseases related to aging.
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Seibel J, Wonnemann M, Werz O, Lehner MD. A tiered approach to investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of an herbal medicinal product containing a fixed combination of thyme herb and primula root extracts. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-018-0062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Lopatriello A, Previtera R, Pace S, Werner M, Rubino L, Werz O, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Forino M. NMR-based identification of the major bioactive molecules from an Italian cultivar of Lycium barbarum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 144:52-57. [PMID: 28888145 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum (Solanaceae), long known to the traditional Chinese medicine because of its many health-promoting effects, has of late spread widely across the Western hemisphere, mainly on account of the nutritional richness in vitamins, minerals and antioxidant metabolites of its fruits. Data on bioactive metabolites from fruits and leaves, which are commonly consumed in soups and salads, are scarce and sometimes even contradictory. By means of NMR, the present study identified the specialised products contained in an Italian cultivar of L. barbarum. Kaempeferol, caffeic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxycinnamic acid and 5-hydroxyferulic acid were found in fresh fruits; rutin and chlorogenic acid were detected in leaves and flowers; also, a previously undescribed N,N-dicaffeoylspermidine derivative was identified in flowers, while N-feruloyltyramine derivatives, for which interesting anti-inflammatory properties have been reported, turned out to be the major bioactive molecules in stems. The plethora of the detected bioactive molecules amplifies the nutraceutical value of berries and leaves and prompts the exploitation of L. barbarum flowers and pruned stems as sources of beneficial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Lopatriello
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosario Previtera
- "LYKION" for the "GOJI ITALIANO", Via Nazionale, 668, 89018, Villa San Giovanni, RC, Italy
| | - Simona Pace
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller- University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Werner
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller- University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Luigi Rubino
- Via S. D'Acquisto, 31, 87032, Amantea, CS, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller- University, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Martino Forino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli "Federico II", via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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41
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Garscha U, Romp E, Pace S, Rossi A, Temml V, Schuster D, König S, Gerstmeier J, Liening S, Werner M, Atze H, Wittmann S, Weinigel C, Rummler S, Scriba GK, Sautebin L, Werz O. Pharmacological profile and efficiency in vivo of diflapolin, the first dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein and soluble epoxide hydrolase. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9398. [PMID: 28839250 PMCID: PMC5571211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized to diverse bioactive lipid mediators. Whereas the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) facilitates AA conversion by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) to pro-inflammatory leukotrienes (LTs), the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) degrades anti-inflammatory epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Accordingly, dual FLAP/sEH inhibition might be advantageous drugs for intervention of inflammation. We present the in vivo pharmacological profile and efficiency of N-[4-(benzothiazol-2-ylmethoxy)-2-methylphenyl]-N′-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea (diflapolin) that dually targets FLAP and sEH. Diflapolin inhibited 5-LOX product formation in intact human monocytes and neutrophils with IC50 = 30 and 170 nM, respectively, and suppressed the activity of isolated sEH (IC50 = 20 nM). Characteristic for FLAP inhibitors, diflapolin (I) failed to inhibit isolated 5-LOX, (II) blocked 5-LOX product formation in HEK cells only when 5-LOX/FLAP was co-expressed, (III) lost potency in intact cells when exogenous AA was supplied, and (IV) prevented 5-LOX/FLAP complex assembly in leukocytes. Diflapolin showed target specificity, as other enzymes related to AA metabolism (i.e., COX1/2, 12/15-LOX, LTA4H, LTC4S, mPGES1, and cPLA2) were not inhibited. In the zymosan-induced mouse peritonitis model, diflapolin impaired vascular permeability, inhibited cysteinyl-LTs and LTB4 formation, and suppressed neutrophil infiltration. Diflapolin is a highly active dual FLAP/sEH inhibitor in vitro and in vivo with target specificity to treat inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Garscha
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Erik Romp
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Pace
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department of Pharmacy / Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmacy / Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefanie König
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Liening
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Werner
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Heiner Atze
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Sandra Wittmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christina Weinigel
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Silke Rummler
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Gerhard K Scriba
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lidia Sautebin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743, Jena, Germany
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42
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Discovery of the first dual inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein and soluble epoxide hydrolase using pharmacophore-based virtual screening. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42751. [PMID: 28218273 PMCID: PMC5317001 DOI: 10.1038/srep42751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukotrienes (LTs) are pro-inflammatory lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid (AA) with roles in inflammatory and allergic diseases. The biosynthesis of LTs is initiated by transfer of AA via the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) to 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). FLAP inhibition abolishes LT formation exerting anti-inflammatory effects. The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) converts AA-derived anti-inflammatory epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (di-HETEs). Its inhibition consequently also counteracts inflammation. Targeting both LT biosynthesis and the conversion of EETs with a dual inhibitor of FLAP and sEH may represent a novel, powerful anti-inflammatory strategy. We present a pharmacophore-based virtual screening campaign that led to 20 hit compounds of which 4 targeted FLAP and 4 were sEH inhibitors. Among them, the first dual inhibitor for sEH and FLAP was identified, N-[4-(benzothiazol-2-ylmethoxy)-2-methylphenyl]-N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea with IC50 values of 200 nM in a cell-based FLAP test system and 20 nM for sEH activity in a cell-free assay.
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Peduto A, Scuotto M, Krauth V, Roviezzo F, Rossi A, Temml V, Esposito V, Stuppner H, Schuster D, D'Agostino B, Schiraldi C, de Rosa M, Werz O, Filosa R. Optimization of benzoquinone and hydroquinone derivatives as potent inhibitors of human 5-lipoxygenase. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 127:715-726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Michael acceptor containing drugs are a novel class of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor targeting the surface cysteines C416 and C418. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 125:55-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Vitex agnus-castus dry extract BNO 1095 (Agnucaston®) inhibits uterine hyper-contractions and inflammation in experimental models for primary dysmenorrhea. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-016-0034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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46
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Garscha U, Voelker S, Pace S, Gerstmeier J, Emini B, Liening S, Rossi A, Weinigel C, Rummler S, Schubert US, Scriba GKE, Çelikoğlu E, Çalışkan B, Banoglu E, Sautebin L, Werz O. BRP-187: A potent inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis that acts through impeding the dynamic 5-lipoxygenase/5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) complex assembly. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 119:17-26. [PMID: 27592027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory leukotrienes (LTs) are formed from arachidonic acid (AA) in activated leukocytes, where 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) translocates to the nuclear envelope to assemble a functional complex with the integral nuclear membrane protein 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP). FLAP, a MAPEG family member, facilitates AA transfer to 5-LO for efficient conversion, and LT biosynthesis critically depends on FLAP. Here we show that the novel LT biosynthesis inhibitor BRP-187 prevents the 5-LO/FLAP interaction at the nuclear envelope of human leukocytes without blocking 5-LO nuclear redistribution. BRP-187 inhibited 5-LO product formation in human monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide plus N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (IC50=7-10nM), and upon activation by ionophore A23187 (IC50=10-60nM). Excess of exogenous AA markedly impaired the potency of BRP-187. Direct 5-LO inhibition in cell-free assays was evident only at >35-fold higher concentrations, which was reversible and not improved under reducing conditions. BRP-187 prevented A23187-induced 5-LO/FLAP complex assembly in leukocytes but failed to block 5-LO nuclear translocation, features that were shared with the FLAP inhibitor MK886. Whereas AA release, cyclooxygenases and related LOs were unaffected, BRP-187 also potently inhibited microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (IC50=0.2μM), another MAPEG member. In vivo, BRP-187 (10mg/kg) exhibited significant effectiveness in zymosan-induced murine peritonitis, suppressing LT levels in peritoneal exudates as well as vascular permeability and neutrophil infiltration. Together, BRP-187 potently inhibits LT biosynthesis in vitro and in vivo, which seemingly is caused by preventing the 5-LO/FLAP complex assembly and warrants further preclinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Garscha
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Susanna Voelker
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Simona Pace
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Besa Emini
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Liening
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Antonietta Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Christina Weinigel
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Silke Rummler
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany; Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Gerhard K E Scriba
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Erşan Çelikoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, 06330 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Çalışkan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, 06330 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, 06330 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Lidia Sautebin
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Levent S, Gerstmeier J, Olgaç A, Nikels F, Garscha U, Carotti A, Macchiarulo A, Werz O, Banoglu E, Çalışkan B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of C(5)-substituted derivatives of leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor BRP-7. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:510-519. [PMID: 27423639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological intervention with 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway leading to suppression of leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis is a clinically validated strategy for treatment of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases such as asthma and atherosclerosis. Here we describe the synthesis of a series of C(5)-substituted analogues of the previously described 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP) inhibitor BRP-7 (IC50 = 0.31 μM) to explore the effects of substitution at the C(5)-benzimidazole (BI) ring as a strategy to increase the potency against FLAP-mediated 5-LO product formation. Incorporation of polar substituents on the C(5) position of the BI core, exemplified by compound 11 with a C(5)-nitrile substituent, significantly enhances the potency for suppression of 5-LO product synthesis in human neutrophils (IC50 = 0.07 μM) and monocytes (IC50 = 0.026 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Abdurrahman Olgaç
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Felix Nikels
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrike Garscha
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Carotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Çalışkan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Yenimahalle, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
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Schaible AM, Filosa R, Krauth V, Temml V, Pace S, Garscha U, Liening S, Weinigel C, Rummler S, Schieferdecker S, Nett M, Peduto A, Collarile S, Scuotto M, Roviezzo F, Spaziano G, de Rosa M, Stuppner H, Schuster D, D’Agostino B, Werz O. The 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor RF-22c potently suppresses leukotriene biosynthesis in cellulo and blocks bronchoconstriction and inflammation in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 112:60-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Chindo BA, Schröder H, Koeberle A, Werz O, Becker A. Analgesic potential of standardized methanol stem bark extract of Ficus platyphylla in mice: Mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 184:101-106. [PMID: 26945978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Extracts of the stem bark of Ficus platyphylla (FP) have been used in traditional the Nigerian medicine to treat psychoses, depression, epilepsy, pain and inflammation. Previous studies have revealed the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of FP in different assays including acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced nociception, and albumin-induced oedema. PURPOSE/METHODS In this study, we assessed the effects of the standardised extract of FP on hot plate nociceptive threshold and vocalisation threshold in response to electrical stimulation of the tail root in order to confirm its acclaimed analgesic properties. We also investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, with the focus on opiate receptor binding and the key enzymes of eicosanoid biosynthesis, namely cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). RESULTS FP (i) increased the hot plate nociceptive threshold and vocalisation threshold. The increase in hot plate nociceptive threshold was detectable over a period of 30min whereas the increase in vocalisation threshold persisted over a period of 90min. (ii) FP showed an affinity for µ opiate receptors but not for δ or κ opiate receptors, and (iii) FP inhibited the activities of COX-2 and 5-LO but not of COX-1. CONCLUSIONS We provided evidence supporting the use of FP in Nigerian folk medicine for the treatment of different types of pain, and identified opioid and non-opioid targets. It is interesting to note that the dual inhibition of COX-2 and 5-LO appears favourable in terms of both efficacy and side effect profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben A Chindo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, P. M. B. 21, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Becker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Banoglu E, Çelikoğlu E, Völker S, Olgaç A, Gerstmeier J, Garscha U, Çalışkan B, Schubert US, Carotti A, Macchiarulo A, Werz O. 4,5-Diarylisoxazol-3-carboxylic acids: A new class of leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors potentially targeting 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP). Eur J Med Chem 2016; 113:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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