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Zhao X, Hu H, Sun K, Liang W, Wang Z, Jin X, Wang S. Actoeside mitigated the renal proximal tubule cells damage triggered by high glucose through miR-766/VCAM1/NF-κB signalling pathway. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1177-1186. [PMID: 34338087 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1920983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diabetic nephropathy (DN) triggered by diabetes mellitus is one of the primary causes of end-stage renal failure worldwide. OBJECTIVE This study intends to explore the function and potential mechanism of actoeside on renal proximal tubule (HK-2) cells damage induced by high-glucose (HG). METHODS The DN model was established in HK-2 cells with 30 mM HG treatment. The viability, apoptosis and inflammation of HK-2 cells were analysed severally via CCK-8, flow cytomery and ELISA. The key factors related to NF-κB were detected by western blotting. RESULTS Actoeside attenuated the HG-induced HK-2 cells damage. The differentially expression of miR-766 and VCAM1 in DN patients was reversed by actoeside. Moreover, the increased phosphorylation levels of p65 NF-κB/IκBα induced by HG were attenuated by actoeside. CONCLUSIONS Actoeside promoted the growth and repressed the apoptosis and inflammation of HK-2 cells via miR-766/VCAM1/NF-κB signalling pathway, affording a promising idea for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, PR China
| | - Honglei Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, PR China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Nephropathy, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, PR China
| | - Wenlong Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, PR China
| | - Xingqian Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, PR China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, PR China
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Satyadev N, Rivera MI, Nikolov NK, Fakoya AOJ. Exosomes as biomarkers and therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated complications. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1241096. [PMID: 37745252 PMCID: PMC10515224 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1241096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide. However, T2DM still remains underdiagnosed and undertreated resulting in poor quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. Given this ongoing burden, researchers have attempted to locate new therapeutic targets as well as methodologies to identify the disease and its associated complications at an earlier stage. Several studies over the last few decades have identified exosomes, small extracellular vesicles that are released by cells, as pivotal contributors to the pathogenesis of T2DM and its complications. These discoveries suggest the possibility of novel detection and treatment methods. This review provides a comprehensive presentation of exosomes that hold potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Additional focus is given to characterizing the role of exosomes in T2DM complications, including diabetic angiopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic wound healing. This study reveals that the utilization of exosomes as diagnostic markers and therapies is a realistic possibility for both T2DM and its complications. However, the majority of the current research is limited to animal models, warranting further investigation of exosomes in clinical trials. This review represents the most extensive and up-to-date exploration of exosomes in relation to T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Satyadev
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Milagros I. Rivera
- University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis
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Dong Q, Wang Q, Yan X, Wang X, Li Z, Zhang L. Long noncoding RNA MIAT inhibits the progression of diabetic nephropathy and the activation of NF-κB pathway in high glucose-treated renal tubular epithelial cells by the miR-182-5p/GPRC5A axis. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1336-1349. [PMID: 34553078 PMCID: PMC8422979 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common diabetic complication. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as essential regulators in DN progression. This study is devoted to the research of lncRNA-myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) in DN. Methods DN cell model was established by high glucose (HG) treatment for human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). Cell viability and colonizing capacity were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assay. Apoptosis was assessed via caspase-3 detection and flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for evaluating inflammation. The protein determination was completed using western blot. MIAT, microRNA-182-5p (miR-182-5p), and G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A) levels were all examined via reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Intergenic binding was verified using dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and RNA pull-down assays. Results HG induced the inhibition of cell growth, but accelerated apoptosis and inflammation as well as the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. MIAT reestablishment prevented the HG-induced cell damages and NF-κB signal activation. Mechanistically, MIAT was proved as a miR-182-5p sponge and regulated the expression of GPRC5A that was a miR-182-5p target. The rescued experiments demonstrated that MIAT downregulation or miR-182-5p upregulation aggravated the HG-induced cell damages and activated the NF-κB pathway via the respective regulation of miR-182-5p or GPRC5A. Conclusion Taken together, MIAT functioned as an inhibitory factor in the pathogenesis to impede the development of DN and inactivate the NF-κB pathway via regulating the miR-182-5p/GPRC5A axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlan Dong
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
| | - Linping Zhang
- Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China
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Yamashita T, Ahmad S, Wright KN, Roberts DJ, VonCannon JL, Wang H, Groban L, Dell’Italia LJ, Ferrario CM. Noncanonical Mechanisms for Direct Bone Marrow Generating Ang II (Angiotensin II) Predominate in CD68 Positive Myeloid Lineage Cells. Hypertension 2020; 75:500-509. [PMID: 31813348 PMCID: PMC6949383 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) Ang II (angiotensin II) is a major participant in the regulation of hematopoiesis and immunity. The novel tissue substrate Ang-(1-12) [angiotensin-(1-12)] and its cleaving enzyme chymase are an essential source of Ang II production in cardiac tissue. We hypothesized this noncanonical chymase-mediated Ang II-producing mechanism exists in the BM tissue. Immunohistostaining and flow cytometry confirmed the presence of Ang-(1-12) immunoreaction in the BM of SD (Sprague Dawley) rats. Chymase-mediated Ang II-producing activity in BM was ≈1000-fold higher than ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme)-mediated Ang II-producing activity (4531±137 and 4.2±0.3 fmol/min per mg, respectively; n=6; P<0.001) and 280-fold higher than chymase activity in the left ventricle of 16.3±1.7 fmol/min per mg (P<0.001). Adding a selective chymase inhibitor, TEI-F00806, eliminated almost all 125I-Ang II production. Flow cytometry demonstrated that delta median fluorescence intensity of chymase in cluster of differentiation 68 positive cells was significantly higher than that in cluster of differentiation 68 negative cells (1546±157 and 222±48 arbitrary units, respectively; P=0.0021). Cluster of differentiation 68 positive and side scatter low subsets, considered to be myeloid progenitors, express the highest chymase fluorescence intensity in rat BM. Chymase activity and cellular expression was similar in both male and female rats. In conclusion, myeloid lineage cells, especially myeloid progenitors, have an extraordinary Ang II-producing activity by chymase in the BM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology
- Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine
| | - Leanne Groban
- Department of Anesthesiology
- Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine
| | - Louis J. Dell’Italia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL
| | - Carlos M. Ferrario
- Department of Surgery
- Department of Physiology-Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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Konari N, Nagaishi K, Kikuchi S, Fujimiya M. Mitochondria transfer from mesenchymal stem cells structurally and functionally repairs renal proximal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic nephropathy in vivo. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5184. [PMID: 30914727 PMCID: PMC6435708 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying therapeutic mechanism of renal tubular epithelium repair of diabetic nephropathy (DN) by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) has not been fully elucidated. Recently, mitochondria (Mt) transfer was reported as a novel action of BM-MSCs to rescue injured cells. We investigated Mt transfer from systemically administered BM-MSCs to renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animals. BM-MSCs also transferred their Mt to impaired PTECs when co-cultured in vitro, which suppressed apoptosis of impaired PTECs. Additionally, BM-MSC-derived isolated Mt enhanced the expression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 and Bcl-2 expression and inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vitro. Isolated Mt also inhibited nuclear translocation of PGC-1α and restored the expression of megalin and SGLT2 under high glucose condition (HG) in PTECs. Moreover, isolated Mt directly injected under the renal capsule of STZ rats improved the cellular morphology of STZ-PTECs, and the structure of the tubular basement membrane and brush border in vivo. This study is the first to show Mt transfer from systemically administered BM-MSCs to damaged PTECs in vivo, and the first to investigate mechanisms underlying the potential therapeutic effects of Mt transfer from BM-MSCs in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Konari
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kanna Nagaishi
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
| | - Shin Kikuchi
- First Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
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Nobuta H, Katagi M, Kume S, Terashima T, Araki SI, Maegawa H, Kojima H, Nakagawa T. A role for bone marrow-derived cells in diabetic nephropathy. FASEB J 2018; 33:4067-4076. [PMID: 30496699 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801825r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus causes systemic disorders. We previously demonstrated that diabetic condition forced bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) to express TNF-α, leading to the development of diabetic neuropathy in mice. Here, we hypothesized that these abnormal BMDCs are also involved in diabetic nephropathy. To test our hypothesis, mice were irradiated to receive total bone marrow (BM) from the transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein before diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. Confocal microscopy showed that the diabetic glomerulus had more BMDCs compared with the nondiabetic glomerulus. Most of these cells exhibited endothelial phenotypes, being negative for several markers, including podocin (a maker of podocyte), α8 integrin (mesangial cell), CD68, and F4/80 (macrophage). Next, the total BM of diabetic mice was transplanted into nondiabetic mice to examine if diabetic BM per se could cause glomerular injury. The recipient mice exhibiting normal glycemia developed albuminuria and mesangial expansion with an increase in capillary area. The number of BMDCs increased in the glomerulus of the recipient mice. These cells were found to exhibit the endothelial phenotype and to express TNF-α. These data suggest that diabetic BMDCs per se could initiate glomerular disease. Finally, eNOS knockout mice were used to examine if residential endothelial injury could attract BMDCs into the glomerulus. However, endothelial dysfunction due to eNOS deficiency failed to attract BMDCs into the glomerulus. In summary, BMDCs may be involved in the development of diabetic nephropathy.-Nobuta, H., Katagi, M., Kume, S., Terashima, T., Araki, S., Maegawa, H., Kojima, H., Nakagawa, T. A role for bone marrow-derived cells in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nobuta
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan; and
| | - Miwako Katagi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan; and
| | - Shinji Kume
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tomoya Terashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan; and
| | - Shin-Ichi Araki
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maegawa
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hideto Kojima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan; and
| | - Takahiko Nakagawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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Vescovo G, Castellani C, Fedrigo M, Virzì GM, Vescovo GM, Tavano R, Pozzobon M, Angelini A. Stem cells transplantation positively modulates the heart-kidney cross talk in cardiorenal syndrome type II. Int J Cardiol 2018; 275:136-144. [PMID: 30509369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated the effects of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFS) and rat adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction GFP-positive cells (rSVC-GFP) in a model of cardio-renal syndrome type II (CRSII). METHODS AND RESULTS RHF was induced by monocrotaline (MCT) in 28 Sprague-Dawley rats. Three weeks later, four million hAFS or rSVC-GFP cells were injected via tail vein. BNP, sCreatinine, kidney and heart NGAL and MMP9, sCytokines, kidney and heart apoptosis and cells (Cs) engraftment were evaluated. Cell-treated rats showed a significant reduction of serum NGAL and Creatinine compared to CRSII. In both hAFS and rSVC-GFP group, kidney protein expression of NGAL was significantly lower than in CRSII (hAFS p = 0.036 and rSVC-GFP p < 0.0001) and similar to that of controls. In both hAFS and rSVC-GFP treated rats, we observed cell engraftment in the medulla and differentiation into tubular, endothelial and SMCs cells. Apoptosis was significantly decreased in cell-treated rats (hAFS 14.07 ± 1.38 and rSVC-GFP 12.67 ± 2.96 cells/mm2) and similar to controls (9.85 ± 2.1 cell/mm2). TUNEL-positive cells were mainly located in the kidney medulla. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were down regulated in cell-treated groups and similar to controls. In cell-treated rats, kidney and heart tissue NGAL was not complexed with MMP9 as in CRSII group, suggesting inhibition of MMPs activity. CONCLUSION Cell therapy produced improvement in kidney function in rats with CRSII. This was the result of interstitial, vessel and tubular cell engraftment leading to tubular and vessel regeneration, decreased tubular cells apoptosis and mitigated pro-inflammatory milieu. Reduction of NGLA-MMP9 complexes mainly due to decrease MMPs activity prevented further negative heart remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Castellani
- Dept. Cardiac Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Marny Fedrigo
- Dept. Cardiac Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Grazia Maria Virzì
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy; IRRIV-International Renal Resarch Institute Vicenza, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | - Regina Tavano
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Dept. Women and Children Health, University of Padua, Italy; Insitute of Pediatric Research Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Angelini
- Dept. Cardiac Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Italy.
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Santos-Ferreira TF, Borsch O, Ader M. Rebuilding the Missing Part-A Review on Photoreceptor Transplantation. Front Syst Neurosci 2017; 10:105. [PMID: 28105007 PMCID: PMC5214672 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2016.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vision represents one of the main senses for humans to interact with their environment. Our sight relies on the presence of fully functional light sensitive cells – rod and cone photoreceptors — allowing us to see under dim (rods) and bright (cones) light conditions. Photoreceptor degeneration is one of the major causes for vision impairment in industrialized countries and it is highly predominant in the population above the age of 50. Thus, with the continuous increase in life expectancy it will make retinal degeneration reach an epidemic proportion. To date, there is no cure established for photoreceptor loss, but several therapeutic approaches, spanning from neuroprotection, pharmacological drugs, gene therapy, retinal prosthesis, and cell (RPE or photoreceptor) transplantation, have been developed over the last decade with some already introduced in clinical trials. In this review, we focus on current developments in photoreceptor transplantation strategies, its major breakthroughs, current limitations and the next challenges to translate such cell-based approaches toward clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F Santos-Ferreira
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Borsch
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
| | - Marius Ader
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Germany
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Nagaishi K, Mizue Y, Chikenji T, Otani M, Nakano M, Konari N, Fujimiya M. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via the paracrine effect of renal trophic factors including exosomes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34842. [PMID: 27721418 PMCID: PMC5056395 DOI: 10.1038/srep34842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have contributed to the improvement of diabetic nephropathy (DN); however, the actual mediator of this effect and its role has not been characterized thoroughly. We investigated the effects of MSC therapy on DN, focusing on the paracrine effect of renal trophic factors, including exosomes secreted by MSCs. MSCs and MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) as renal trophic factors were administered in parallel to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced type 2 diabetic mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced insulin-deficient diabetic mice. Both therapies showed approximately equivalent curative effects, as each inhibited the exacerbation of albuminuria. They also suppressed the excessive infiltration of BMDCs into the kidney by regulating the expression of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1. Proinflammatory cytokine expression (e.g., TNF-α) and fibrosis in tubular interstitium were inhibited. TGF-β1 expression was down-regulated and tight junction protein expression (e.g., ZO-1) was maintained, which sequentially suppressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of tubular epithelial cells (TECs). Exosomes purified from MSC-CM exerted an anti-apoptotic effect and protected tight junction structure in TECs. The increase of glomerular mesangium substrate was inhibited in HFD-diabetic mice. MSC therapy is a promising tool to prevent DN via the paracrine effect of renal trophic factors including exosomes due to its multifactorial action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanna Nagaishi
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.,Department of Diabetic Cellular Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Yuka Mizue
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.,Department of Diabetic Cellular Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Takako Chikenji
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.,Department of Diabetic Cellular Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Miho Otani
- Department of Diabetic Cellular Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Masako Nakano
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Naoto Konari
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
| | - Mineko Fujimiya
- Second Department of Anatomy, Sapporo Medical University, Japan.,Department of Diabetic Cellular Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University, Japan
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Sun YBY, Qu X, Caruana G, Li J. The origin of renal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and the signals that trigger fibrosis. Differentiation 2016; 92:102-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fadini GP, Ciciliot S, Albiero M. Concise Review: Perspectives and Clinical Implications of Bone Marrow and Circulating Stem Cell Defects in Diabetes. Stem Cells 2016; 35:106-116. [PMID: 27401837 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex systemic disease characterized by severe morbidity and excess mortality. The burden of its multiorgan complications relies on an imbalance between hyperglycemic cell damage and defective endogenous reparative mechanisms. Inflammation and abnormalities in several hematopoietic components are typically found in diabetes. The discovery that diabetes reduces circulating stem/progenitor cells and impairs their function has opened an entire new field of study where diabetology comes into contact with hematology and regenerative medicine. It is being progressively recognized that such rare circulating cell populations mirror finely regulated processes involved in hematopoiesis, immunosurveillance, and peripheral tissue homeostasis. From a clinical perspective, pauperization of circulating stem cells predicts adverse outcomes and death. Furthermore, studies in murine models and humans have identified the bone marrow (BM) as a previously neglected site of diabetic end-organ damage, characterized by microangiopathy, neuropathy, fat deposition, and inflammation. As a result, diabetes impairs the mobilization of BM stem/progenitor cells, a defect known as mobilopathy or myelokathexis, with negative consequences for physiologic hematopoiesis, immune regulation, and tissue regeneration. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular processes that govern the BM stem cell niche, cell mobilization, and kinetics in peripheral tissues may uncover new therapeutic strategies for patients with diabetes. This concise review summarizes the current knowledge on the interplay between the BM, circulating stem cells, and diabetes, and sets the stages for future developments in the field. Stem Cells 2017;35:106-116.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Stefano Ciciliot
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, 35128, Italy
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Monteiro Carvalho Mori da Cunha MG, Zia S, Oliveira Arcolino F, Carlon MS, Beckmann DV, Pippi NL, Luhers Graça D, Levtchenko E, Deprest J, Toelen J. Amniotic Fluid Derived Stem Cells with a Renal Progenitor Phenotype Inhibit Interstitial Fibrosis in Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136145. [PMID: 26295710 PMCID: PMC4546614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human amniotic fluid (hAFSCs) are a promising source for cellular therapy, especially for renal disorders, as a subpopulation is derived from the fetal urinary tract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if hAFSCs with a renal progenitor phenotype demonstrate a nephroprotective effect in acute ischemia reperfusion (I/R) model and prevent late stage fibrosis. Methods A total of 45 male 12-wk-old Wistar rats were divided into three equal groups;: rats subjected to I/R injury and treated with Chang Medium, rats subjected to I/R injury and treated with hAFSCs and sham-operated animals. In the first part of this study, hAFSCs that highly expressed CD24, CD117, SIX2 and PAX2 were isolated and characterized. In the second part, renal I/R injury was induced in male rats and cellular treatment was performed 6 hours later via arterial injection. Functional and histological analyses were performed 24 hours, 48 hours and 2 months after treatment using serum creatinine, urine protein to creatinine ratio, inflammatory and regeneration markers and histomorphometric analysis of the kidney. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance followed by the Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons or by nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn. Statistical significance level was defined as p <0.05. Results hAFSCs treatment resulted in significantly reduced serum creatinine level at 24 hours, less tubular necrosis, less hyaline cast formation, higher proliferation index, less inflammatory cell infiltration and less myofibroblasts at 48h. The treated group had less fibrosis and proteinuria at 2 months after injury. Conclusion hAFSCs contain a renal progenitor cell subpopulation that has a nephroprotective effect when delivered intra-arterially in rats with renal I/R injury, and reduces interstitial fibrosis on long term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gabriela Monteiro Carvalho Mori da Cunha
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Fetal therapy group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Experimental Veterinary Surgery Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Silvia Zia
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Fetal therapy group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fanny Oliveira Arcolino
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marianne Sylvia Carlon
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Gene Therapy, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diego Vilibaldo Beckmann
- Experimental Veterinary Surgery Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ney Luis Pippi
- Experimental Veterinary Surgery Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Dominguita Luhers Graça
- Experimental Veterinary Surgery Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Elena Levtchenko
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Deprest
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Fetal therapy group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jaan Toelen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Fetal therapy group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Tanaka M, Furuhashi M, Okazaki Y, Mita T, Fuseya T, Ohno K, Ishimura S, Yoshida H, Miura T. Ectopic expression of fatty acid-binding protein 4 in the glomerulus is associated with proteinuria and renal dysfunction. Nephron Clin Pract 2015; 128:345-51. [PMID: 25592475 DOI: 10.1159/000368412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of intracellular lipid chaperones. Among FABPs, FABP1 (liver FABP) is expressed in proximal tubular epithelial cells in the kidney, and urinary FABP1 has been reported to reflect damage of proximal tubular epithelial cells. However, roles of other FABP isoforms in renal pathologies have not been reported. Recently, FABP4 (adipocyte FABP/aP2) was reported to be expressed in peritubular capillaries (PTCs), but not in glomerular capillaries in the normal kidney. We examined the hypothesis that pathological conditions alter the level and localization of FABP4 expression in the kidney, which mediates renal dysfunction. METHODS A total of 112 consecutive patients who underwent renal biopsy were retrospectively enrolled. Expression of FABP4 protein and mRNA in the kidney was examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively. The ratio of FABP4-positive area to total area within glomeruli (G-FABP4-Area), urinary protein level (U-Protein), and change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 1 year after biopsy were examined. RESULTS FABP4 protein and mRNA were expressed not only in PTCs, but also in endothelial cells and macrophages in the glomerulus. G-FABP4-Area was correlated with U-Protein (r = 0.497, p < 0.001). As a subanalysis, in patients with IgA nephropathy (n = 34), G-FABP4-Area was significantly larger in cases with an endocapillary proliferative lesion, and change in eGFR was negatively correlated with G-FABP4-Area at baseline (r = -0.537, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Ectopic FABP4 expression in the glomerulus is induced by renal diseases and is closely associated with proteinuria and renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marenao Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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14
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Kojima H, Kim J, Chan L. Emerging roles of hematopoietic cells in the pathobiology of diabetic complications. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:178-87. [PMID: 24507996 PMCID: PMC3975817 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic complications encompass macrovascular events, mainly the result of accelerated atherosclerosis, and microvascular events that strike the eye (retinopathy), kidney (nephropathy), and nervous system (neuropathy). The traditional view is that hyperglycemia-induced dysregulated biochemical pathways cause injury and death of cells intrinsic to the organs affected. There is emerging evidence that diabetes compromises the function of the bone marrow (BM), producing a stem cell niche-dependent defect in hematopoietic stem cell mobilization. Furthermore, dysfunctional BM-derived hematopoietic cells contribute to diabetic complications. Thus, BM cells are not only a victim but also an accomplice in diabetes and diabetic complications. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms may lead to the development of new therapies to prevent and/or treat diabetic complications by specifically targeting these perpetrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Kojima
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular and Cellular Biology, and the Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Jongoh Kim
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular and Cellular Biology, and the Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lawrence Chan
- Departments of Medicine and Molecular and Cellular Biology, and the Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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15
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Chiba H, Ataka K, Iba K, Nagaishi K, Yamashita T, Fujimiya M. Diabetes impairs the interactions between long-term hematopoietic stem cells and osteopontin-positive cells in the endosteal niche of mouse bone marrow. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 305:C693-703. [PMID: 23885062 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00400.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained, and their division/proliferation and quiescence are regulated in the microenvironments, niches, in the bone marrow. Although diabetes is known to induce abnormalities in HSC mobilization and proliferation through chemokine and chemokine receptors, little is known about the interaction between long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs) and osteopontin-positive (OPN) cells in endosteal niche. To examine this interaction, LT-HSCs and OPN cells were isolated from streptozotocin-induced diabetic and nondiabetic mice. In diabetic mice, we observed a reduction in the number of LT-HSCs and OPN cells and impaired expression of Tie2, β-catenin, and N-cadherin on LT-HSCs and β1-integrin, β-catenin, angiopoietin-1, and CXCL12 on OPN cells. In an in vitro coculture system, LT-HSCs isolated from nondiabetic mice exposed to diabetic OPN cells showed abnormal mRNA expression levels of Tie2 and N-cadherin. Conversely, in LT-HSCs derived from diabetic mice exposed to nondiabetic OPN cells, the decreased mRNA expressions of Tie2, β-catenin, and N-cadherin were restored to normal levels. The effects of diabetic or nondiabetic OPN cells on LT-HSCs shown in this coculture system were confirmed by the coinjection of LT-HSCs and OPN cells into bone marrow of irradiated nondiabetic mice. Our results provide new insight into the treatment of diabetes-induced LT-HSC abnormalities and suggest that the replacement of OPN cells may represent a novel treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Chiba
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery. Sapporo Medical University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan, and
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Fadini GP, Avogaro A. It is all in the blood: the multifaceted contribution of circulating progenitor cells in diabetic complications. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2012; 2012:742976. [PMID: 22548049 PMCID: PMC3324138 DOI: 10.1155/2012/742976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide growing disease and represents a huge social and healthcare problem owing to the burden of its complications. Micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications arise from excess damage through well-known biochemical pathways. Interestingly, microangiopathy hits the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment with features similar to retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. The BM represents a reservoir of progenitor cells for multiple lineages, not limited to the hematopoietic system and including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, and osteogenic cells. All these multiple progenitor cell lineages are profoundly altered in the setting of diabetes in humans and animal models. Reduction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) along with excess smooth muscle progenitor (SMP) and osteoprogenitor cells creates an imbalance that promote the development of micro- and macroangiopathy. Finally, an excess generation of BM-derived fusogenic cells has been found to contribute to diabetic complications in animal models. Taken together, a growing amount of literature attributes to circulating progenitor cells a multi-faceted role in the pathophysiology of DM, setting a novel scenario that puts BM and the blood at the centre of the stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
- Laboratory of Experimental Diabetology, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), 35100 Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35100 Padua, Italy
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