1
|
Pluvinage JV, Ngo T, Fouassier C, McDonagh M, Holmes BB, Bartley CM, Kondapavulur S, Hurabielle C, Bodansky A, Pai V, Hinman S, Aslanpour A, Alvarenga BD, Zorn KC, Zamecnik C, McCann A, Asencor AI, Huynh T, Browne W, Tubati A, Haney MS, Douglas VC, Louine M, Cree BAC, Hauser SL, Seeley W, Baranzini SE, Wells JA, Spudich S, Farhadian S, Ramachandran PS, Gillum L, Hales CM, Zikherman J, Anderson MS, Yazdany J, Smith B, Nath A, Suh G, Flanagan EP, Green AJ, Green R, Gelfand JM, DeRisi JL, Pleasure SJ, Wilson MR. Transcobalamin receptor antibodies in autoimmune vitamin B12 central deficiency. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadl3758. [PMID: 38924428 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adl3758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 is critical for hematopoiesis and myelination. Deficiency can cause neurologic deficits including loss of coordination and cognitive decline. However, diagnosis relies on measurement of vitamin B12 in the blood, which may not accurately reflect the concentration in the brain. Using programmable phage display, we identified an autoantibody targeting the transcobalamin receptor (CD320) in a patient with progressive tremor, ataxia, and scanning speech. Anti-CD320 impaired cellular uptake of cobalamin (B12) in vitro by depleting its target from the cell surface. Despite a normal serum concentration, B12 was nearly undetectable in her cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Immunosuppressive treatment and high-dose systemic B12 supplementation were associated with increased B12 in the CSF and clinical improvement. Optofluidic screening enabled isolation of a patient-derived monoclonal antibody that impaired B12 transport across an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Autoantibodies targeting the same epitope of CD320 were identified in seven other patients with neurologic deficits of unknown etiology, 6% of healthy controls, and 21.4% of a cohort of patients with neuropsychiatric lupus. In 132 paired serum and CSF samples, detection of anti-CD320 in the blood predicted B12 deficiency in the brain. However, these individuals did not display any hematologic signs of B12 deficiency despite systemic CD320 impairment. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we found that the low-density lipoprotein receptor serves as an alternative B12 uptake pathway in hematopoietic cells. These findings dissect the tissue specificity of B12 transport and elucidate an autoimmune neurologic condition that may be amenable to immunomodulatory treatment and nutritional supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John V Pluvinage
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Thomas Ngo
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Camille Fouassier
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Maura McDonagh
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Brandon B Holmes
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Christopher M Bartley
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sravani Kondapavulur
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Charlotte Hurabielle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Aaron Bodansky
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Vincent Pai
- Bruker Cellular Analysis, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Sam Hinman
- Bruker Cellular Analysis, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Ava Aslanpour
- Bruker Cellular Analysis, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Bonny D Alvarenga
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kelsey C Zorn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Colin Zamecnik
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Andoni I Asencor
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Trung Huynh
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Weston Browne
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Asritha Tubati
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michael S Haney
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Vanja C Douglas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Martineau Louine
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bruce A C Cree
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - William Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sergio E Baranzini
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - James A Wells
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Serena Spudich
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shelli Farhadian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Prashanth S Ramachandran
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Chadwick M Hales
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Julie Zikherman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Diabetes Center, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jinoos Yazdany
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bryan Smith
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20824, USA
| | - Avindra Nath
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20824, USA
| | - Gina Suh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Eoin P Flanagan
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ari J Green
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Gelfand
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Bruker Cellular Analysis, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Samuel J Pleasure
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michael R Wilson
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Andrews SG, Koehle AM, Paudel D, Neuberger T, Ross AC, Singh V, Bottiglieri T, Castro R. Diet-Induced Severe Hyperhomocysteinemia Promotes Atherosclerosis Progression and Dysregulates the Plasma Metabolome in Apolipoprotein-E-Deficient Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:330. [PMID: 38337615 PMCID: PMC10856797 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and resulting cardiovascular disease are the leading causes of death in the US. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), or the accumulation of the intermediate amino acid homocysteine, is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, but the intricate biological processes mediating this effect remain elusive. Several factors regulate homocysteine levels, including the activity of several enzymes and adequate levels of their coenzymes, including pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6), folate (vitamin B9), and methylcobalamin (vitamin B12). To better understand the biological influence of HHcy on the development and progression of atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein-E-deficient (apoE-/- mice), a model for human atherosclerosis, were fed a hyperhomocysteinemic diet (low in methyl donors and B vitamins) (HHD) or a control diet (CD). After eight weeks, the plasma, aorta, and liver were collected to quantify methylation metabolites, while plasma was also used for a broad targeted metabolomic analysis. Aortic plaque burden in the brachiocephalic artery (BCA) was quantified via 14T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A severe accumulation of plasma and hepatic homocysteine and an increased BCA plaque burden were observed, thus confirming the atherogenic effect of the HHD. Moreover, a decreased methylation capacity in the plasma and aorta, indirectly assessed by the ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAM:SAH) was detected in HHD mice together with a 172-fold increase in aortic cystathionine levels, indicating increased flux through the transsulfuration pathway. Betaine and its metabolic precursor, choline, were significantly decreased in the livers of HHD mice versus CD mice. Widespread changes in the plasma metabolome of HHD mice versus CD animals were detected, including alterations in acylcarnitines, amino acids, bile acids, ceramides, sphingomyelins, triacylglycerol levels, and several indicators of dysfunctional lipid metabolism. This study confirms the relevance of severe HHcy in the progression of vascular plaque and suggests novel metabolic pathways implicated in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen G. Andrews
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (S.G.A.); (A.M.K.); (D.P.); (A.C.R.); (V.S.)
| | - Anthony M. Koehle
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (S.G.A.); (A.M.K.); (D.P.); (A.C.R.); (V.S.)
| | - Devendra Paudel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (S.G.A.); (A.M.K.); (D.P.); (A.C.R.); (V.S.)
| | - Thomas Neuberger
- Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - A. Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (S.G.A.); (A.M.K.); (D.P.); (A.C.R.); (V.S.)
| | - Vishal Singh
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (S.G.A.); (A.M.K.); (D.P.); (A.C.R.); (V.S.)
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA;
| | - Rita Castro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; (S.G.A.); (A.M.K.); (D.P.); (A.C.R.); (V.S.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jonnalagadda D, Kihara Y, Groves A, Ray M, Saha A, Ellington C, Lee-Okada HC, Furihata T, Yokomizo T, Quadros EV, Rivera R, Chun J. FTY720 requires vitamin B 12-TCN2-CD320 signaling in astrocytes to reduce disease in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113545. [PMID: 38064339 PMCID: PMC11066976 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency causes neurological manifestations resembling multiple sclerosis (MS); however, a molecular explanation for the similarity is unknown. FTY720 (fingolimod) is a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator and sphingosine analog approved for MS therapy that can functionally antagonize S1P1. Here, we report that FTY720 suppresses neuroinflammation by functionally and physically regulating the B12 pathways. Genetic and pharmacological S1P1 inhibition upregulates a transcobalamin 2 (TCN2)-B12 receptor, CD320, in immediate-early astrocytes (ieAstrocytes; a c-Fos-activated astrocyte subset that tracks with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis [EAE] severity). CD320 is also reduced in MS plaques. Deficiency of CD320 or dietary B12 restriction worsens EAE and eliminates FTY720's efficacy while concomitantly downregulating type I interferon signaling. TCN2 functions as a chaperone for FTY720 and sphingosine, whose complex induces astrocytic CD320 internalization, suggesting a delivery mechanism of FTY720/sphingosine via the TCN2-CD320 pathway. Taken together, the B12-TCN2-CD320 pathway is essential for the mechanism of action of FTY720.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Jonnalagadda
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Kihara
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Aran Groves
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Manisha Ray
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Arjun Saha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Clayton Ellington
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hyeon-Cheol Lee-Okada
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomomi Furihata
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Edward V Quadros
- Department of Medicine, SUNY-Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Richard Rivera
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kalecký K, Bottiglieri T. Targeted metabolomic analysis in Parkinson's disease brain frontal cortex and putamen with relation to cognitive impairment. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:84. [PMID: 37270646 PMCID: PMC10239505 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00531-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis with the targeted metabolomic kit Biocrates MxP Quant 500, in human brain cortex (Brodmann area 9) and putamen, to reveal metabolic changes characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD) and PD-related cognitive decline. This case-control study involved 101 subjects (33 PD without dementia, 32 PD with dementia (cortex only), 36 controls). We found changes associated with PD, cognitive status, levodopa levels, and disease progression. The affected pathways include neurotransmitters, bile acids, homocysteine metabolism, amino acids, TCA cycle, polyamines, β-alanine metabolism, fatty acids, acylcarnitines, ceramides, phosphatidylcholines, and several microbiome-derived metabolites. Previously reported levodopa-related homocysteine accumulation in cortex still best explains the dementia status in PD, which can be modified by dietary supplementation. Further investigation is needed to reveal the exact mechanisms behind this pathological change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Kalecký
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76712, USA.
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, 75204, USA.
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Center of Metabolomics, Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, 75204, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kihara Y, Chun J. Molecular and neuroimmune pharmacology of S1P receptor modulators and other disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108432. [PMID: 37149155 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological, immune-mediated demyelinating disease that affects people in the prime of life. Environmental, infectious, and genetic factors have been implicated in its etiology, although a definitive cause has yet to be determined. Nevertheless, multiple disease-modifying therapies (DMTs: including interferons, glatiramer acetate, fumarates, cladribine, teriflunomide, fingolimod, siponimod, ozanimod, ponesimod, and monoclonal antibodies targeting ITGA4, CD20, and CD52) have been developed and approved for the treatment of MS. All the DMTs approved to date target immunomodulation as their mechanism of action (MOA); however, the direct effects of some DMTs on the central nervous system (CNS), particularly sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor (S1PR) modulators, implicate a parallel MOA that may also reduce neurodegenerative sequelae. This review summarizes the currently approved DMTs for the treatment of MS and provides details and recent advances in the molecular pharmacology, immunopharmacology, and neuropharmacology of S1PR modulators, with a special focus on the CNS-oriented, astrocyte-centric MOA of fingolimod.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kihara
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, United States of America.
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Warrier M, Paules EM, Silva-Gomez J, Friday WB, Bramlett F, Kim H, Zhang K, Trujillo-Gonzalez I. Homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress activates FGF21 and is associated with browning and atrophy of white adipose tissue in Bhmt knockout mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13216. [PMID: 36755585 PMCID: PMC9900266 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups from betaine to homocysteine (Hcy), producing methionine and dimethylglycine. In this work, we characterize Bhmt wild type (Bhmt-WT) and knockout (Bhmt-KO) mice that were fully backcrossed to a C57Bl6/J background. Consistent with our previous findings, Bhmt-KO mice had decreased body weight, fat mass, and adipose tissue weight compared to WT. Histological analyses and gene expression profiling indicate that adipose browning was activated in KO mice and contributed to the adipose atrophy observed. BHMT is not expressed in adipose tissue but is abundant in liver; thus, a signal must originate from the liver that modulates adipose tissue. We found that, in Bhmt-KO mice, homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with activation of the hepatic transcription factor cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREBH), and an increase in hepatic and plasma concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), which is known to induce adipose browning. Our data indicate that the deletion of a single gene in one-carbon metabolism modifies adipose biology and energy metabolism. Future studies could focus on identifying if functional polymorphisms in BHMT result in a similar adipose atrophy phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manya Warrier
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Evan M Paules
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Jorge Silva-Gomez
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Walter B Friday
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Frances Bramlett
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Hyunbae Kim
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Isis Trujillo-Gonzalez
- Department of Nutrition, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, UNC-Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
A Historical Review of Brain Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061283. [PMID: 35745855 PMCID: PMC9229021 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of brain drug delivery is reviewed beginning with the first demonstration, in 1914, that a drug for syphilis, salvarsan, did not enter the brain, due to the presence of a blood-brain barrier (BBB). Owing to restricted transport across the BBB, FDA-approved drugs for the CNS have been generally limited to lipid-soluble small molecules. Drugs that do not cross the BBB can be re-engineered for transport on endogenous BBB carrier-mediated transport and receptor-mediated transport systems, which were identified during the 1970s-1980s. By the 1990s, a multitude of brain drug delivery technologies emerged, including trans-cranial delivery, CSF delivery, BBB disruption, lipid carriers, prodrugs, stem cells, exosomes, nanoparticles, gene therapy, and biologics. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain drug delivery technologies are critically reviewed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pourié G, Guéant JL, Quadros EV. Behavioral profile of vitamin B 12 deficiency: A reflection of impaired brain development, neuronal stress and altered neuroplasticity. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 119:377-404. [PMID: 35337627 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of brain biology and function is one of the least characterized and therefore, there are no effective treatments for most of neurological disorders. The influence of vitamins, and particularly vitamin B12, in neurodegenerative disease is demonstrated but largely unresolved. Behaviors are often quantified to attest brain dysfunction alone or in parallel with neuro-imaging to identify regions involved. Nevertheless, attention should be paid to extending observations made in animal models to humans, since, first, behavioral tests have to be adjusted in each model to address the initial question and second, because brain analysis should not be conducted for a whole organ but rather to specific sub-structures to better define function. Indeed, cognitive functions such as psychiatric disorders and learning and memory are often cited as the most impacted by a vitamin B12 deficiency. In addition, differential dysfunctions and mechanisms could be defined according sub-populations and ages. Vitamin B12 enters the cell bound to Transcobalamin, through the Transcobalamin Receptor and serves in two cell compartments, the lipid metabolism in the mitochondrion and the one-carbon metabolism involved in methylation reactions. Dysfunctions in these mechanisms can lead to two majors outcomes; axons demyelinisation and upregulation of cellular stress involving mislocalization of RNA binding proteins such as the ELAVL1/HuR or the dysregulation of pro- or anti-oxidant NUDT15, TXNRD1, VPO1 and ROC genes. Finally, it appears that apart from developmental problems that have to be identified and treated as early as possible, other therapeutic approaches for behavioral dysfunctions should investigate cellular methylation, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Pourié
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, UMRS 1256, NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Nancy, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, UMRS 1256, NGERE-Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure, Nancy, France; CHRU-Nancy, National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Nancy, France
| | - Edward V Quadros
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, Gu X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Liu M, Sun S, Dong N, Wu Q. CD320 expression and apical membrane targeting in renal and intestinal epithelial cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201:85-92. [PMID: 34998874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient acquired via dietary intake. Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a key mechanism in vitamin B12 absorption, cellular uptake, and reabsorption. CD320 is a type I transmembrane protein responsible for cellular uptake of vitamin B12 in peripheral tissues. In this study, we examined segmental distribution and cellular expression of CD320 in mouse kidneys and intestines. We show that CD320 is expressed on the luminal surface in the small intestine and in proximal tubules in the kidney, suggesting that, in addition to its role in vitamin B12 uptake in peripheral tissues, CD320 may participate in vitamin B12 absorption in the small intestine and reabsorption in the kidney. Moreover, we show that an amino acid motif, DSSDE, in the second low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain of CD320 is a key apical membrane targeting signal in both renal and intestinal epithelial cells. Mutations or deletion of this motif abolish the specific apical membrane expression of CD320 in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells and human colon cancer-derived Caco-2 cells. In short-hairpin RNA-based gene knockdown experiments, we show that the apical membrane targeting of CD320 is mediated by a Rab11a-dependent mechanism. These results extend our knowledge regarding the cell biology of CD320 and its role in vitamin B12 metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiabing Gu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yikai Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shijin Sun
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Koslová A, Trefil P, Mucksová J, Krchlíková V, Plachý J, Krijt J, Reinišová M, Kučerová D, Geryk J, Kalina J, Šenigl F, Elleder D, Kožich V, Hejnar J. Knock-Out of Retrovirus Receptor Gene Tva in the Chicken Confers Resistance to Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroups A and K and Affects Cobalamin (Vitamin B 12)-Dependent Level of Methylmalonic Acid. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122504. [PMID: 34960774 PMCID: PMC8708277 DOI: 10.3390/v13122504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The chicken Tva cell surface protein, a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family, has been identified as an entry receptor for avian leukosis virus of classic subgroup A and newly emerging subgroup K. Because both viruses represent an important concern for the poultry industry, we introduced a frame-shifting deletion into the chicken tva locus with the aim of knocking-out Tva expression and creating a virus-resistant chicken line. The tva knock-out was prepared by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in chicken primordial germ cells and orthotopic transplantation of edited cells into the testes of sterilized recipient roosters. The resulting tva −/− chickens tested fully resistant to avian leukosis virus subgroups A and K, both in in vitro and in vivo assays, in contrast to their susceptible tva +/+ and tva +/− siblings. We also found a specific disorder of the cobalamin/vitamin B12 metabolism in the tva knock-out chickens, which is in accordance with the recently recognized physiological function of Tva as a receptor for cobalamin in complex with transcobalamin transporter. Last but not least, we bring a new example of the de novo resistance created by CRISPR/Cas9 editing of pathogen dependence genes in farm animals and, furthermore, a new example of gene editing in chicken.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koslová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Pavel Trefil
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Pohoří-Chotouň 90, 254 49 Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic; (P.T.); (J.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Jitka Mucksová
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Pohoří-Chotouň 90, 254 49 Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic; (P.T.); (J.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Veronika Krchlíková
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Jiří Plachý
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Jakub Krijt
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Markéta Reinišová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Dana Kučerová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Josef Geryk
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Jiří Kalina
- BIOPHARM, Research Institute of Biopharmacy and Veterinary Drugs, Pohoří-Chotouň 90, 254 49 Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic; (P.T.); (J.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Filip Šenigl
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Daniel Elleder
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
| | - Viktor Kožich
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (V.K.)
| | - Jiří Hejnar
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (V.K.); (J.P.); (M.R.); (D.K.); (J.G.); (F.Š.); (D.E.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schrier MS, Zhang Y, Trivedi MS, Deth RC. Decreased cortical Nrf2 gene expression in autism and its relationship to thiol and cobalamin status. Biochimie 2021; 192:1-12. [PMID: 34517051 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) promotes expression of a large number of antioxidant genes and multiple studies have described oxidative stress and impaired methylation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including decreased brain levels of methylcobalamin(III) (MeCbl). Here we report decreased expression of the Nrf2 gene (NFE2L2) in frontal cortex of ASD subjects, as well as differences in other genes involved in redox homeostasis. In pooled control and ASD correlation analyses, hydroxocobalamin(III) (OHCbl) was inversely correlated with NFE2L2 expression, while MeCbl and total cobalamin abundance were positively correlated with NFE2L2 expression. Levels of methionine, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and cystathionine were positively correlated with NFE2L2 expression, while homocysteine (HCY) was negatively correlated. The relationship between Nrf2 activity and cobalamin was further supported by a bioinformatics-based comparison of cobalamin levels in different tissues with expression of a panel of 40 Nrf2-regulated genes, which yielded a strong correlation. Lastly, Nrf2-regulated gene expression was also correlated with expression of intracellular cobalamin trafficking and processing genes, such as MMADHC and MTRR. These findings highlight a previously unrecognized relationship between the antioxidant-promoting role of Nrf2 and cobalamin status, which is dysfunctional in ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Scott Schrier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Biologics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Devens, MA, USA
| | - Malav Suchin Trivedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Richard Carlton Deth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The avian retroviral receptor Tva mediates the uptake of transcobalamin bound vitamin B12 (cobalamin). J Virol 2021; 95:JVI.02136-20. [PMID: 33504597 PMCID: PMC8103681 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02136-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The Avian sarcoma and leukosis viruses (ASLVs) are important chicken pathogens. Some of the virus subgroups, including ASLV-A and K, utilize the Tva receptor for cell entrance. Though Tva was identified three decades ago, its physiological function remains unknown. Previously, we have noted an intriguing resemblance and orthology between the chicken gene coding for Tva and the human gene coding for CD320, a receptor involved in cellular uptake of transcobalamin (TC) in complex with vitamin B12/cobalamin (Cbl).Here we show that both the transmembrane and the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored form of Tva in the chicken cell line DF-1 promotes the uptake of Cbl with help of expressed and purified chicken TC. The uptake of TC-Cbl complex was monitored using an isotope- or fluorophore-labeled Cbl. We show that (i) TC-Cbl is internalized in chicken cells; and (ii) the uptake is lower in the Tva-knockout cells and higher in Tva-overexpressing cells when compared with wild type chicken cells. The relation between physiological function of Tva and its role in infection was elaborated by showing that infection with ASLV subgroups (targeting Tva) impairs the uptake of TC-Cbl, while this is not the case for cells infected with ASLV-B (not recognized by Tva). In addition, exposure of the cells to a high concentration of TC-Cbl alleviates the infection with Tva-dependent ASLV.IMPORTANCE: We demonstrate that the ASLV receptor Tva participates in the physiological uptake of TC-Cbl, because the viral infection suppresses the uptake of Cbl and vice versa. Our results pave the road for future studies addressing the issues: (i) whether a virus infection can be inhibited by TC-Cbl complexes in vivo; and (ii) whether any human virus employs the human TC-Cbl receptor CD320. In broader terms, our study sheds light on the intricate interplay between physiological roles of cellular receptors and their involvement in virus infection.
Collapse
|
13
|
Dreumont N, Mimoun K, Pourié C, Quadros EV, Alberto JM, Umoret R, Helle D, Robert A, Daval JL, Guéant JL, Pourié G. Glucocorticoid Receptor Activation Restores Learning Memory by Modulating Hippocampal Plasticity in a Mouse Model of Brain Vitamin B 12 Deficiency. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:1024-1035. [PMID: 33078371 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) deficiency or inborn errors of Cbl metabolism can produce neurologic disorders resistant to therapies, including cognitive dysfunction, mild mental retardation, memory impairment, and confusion. We used Cd320 KO mouse as a model for studying the pathological mechanisms of these disorders. Cd320 encodes the receptor (TCblR) needed for the cellular uptake of Cbl in the brain. The Cd320-/- mouse model presented an impaired learning memory that could be alleviated by a moderate stress, which produced also a greater increase of plasma corticosterone, compared to wild type animals. The present study investigated such a putative rescue mechanism in Cbl-deficient mice. At the molecular level in the brain of Cd320-/- mouse, the decreased methylation status led to a downregulation of glucocorticoid nuclear receptor (GR)/PPAR-gamma co-activator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) pathway. This was evidenced by the decreased expression of GR, decreased methylation of GR and PGC1α, and decreased dimerization and interaction of GR with PGC1α. This led to altered synaptic activity evidenced by decreased interaction between the NMDA glutamatergic receptor and the PSD95 post-synaptic protein and a lower expression of Egr-1 and synapsin 1, in Cd320-/- mice compared to the wild type animals. Intraperitoneal injection of hydrocortisone rescued these molecular changes and normalized the learning memory tests. Our study suggests adaptive influences of moderate stress on loss of memory and cognition due to brain Cbl deficiency. The GR pathway could be a potential target for innovative therapy of cognitive manifestations in patients with poor response to conventional Cbl treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Dreumont
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Khalid Mimoun
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Carine Pourié
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Edward V Quadros
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | | | - Rémy Umoret
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Déborah Helle
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Aurélie Robert
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Luc Daval
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | | | - Grégory Pourié
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM U1256, NGERE, F-54000, Nancy, France.
- NGERE, INSERM U1256, Faculté de Médecine, 9 avenue de la forêt de Haye, BP 50184, 54505, Vandoeuvre Les Nancy CEDEX, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pavlov CS, Damulin IV, Shulpekova YO, Andreev EA. Neurological disorders in vitamin B12 deficiency. TERAPEVT ARKH 2019; 91:122-129. [PMID: 31094486 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.04.000116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses thesteps of vitamin B12 metabolism and its role in maintaining of neurological functions. The term "vitamin B12 (cobalamin)" refers to several substances (cobalamins) of a very similar structure. Cobalamin enters the body with animal products. On the peripherу cobalamin circulates only in binding with proteins transcobalamin I and II (complex cobalamin-transcobalamin II is designated as "holotranscobalamin"). Holotranscobalamin is absorbed by different cells, whereas transcobalamin I-binded vitamin B12 - only by liver and kidneys. Two forms of cobalamin were identified as coenzymes of cellular reactions which are methylcobalamin (in cytoplasm) and hydroxyadenosylcobalamin (in mitochondria). The main causes of cobalamin deficiency are related to inadequate intake of animal products, autoimmune gastritis, pancreatic insufficiency, terminal ileum disease, syndrome of intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Relative deficiency may be seen in excessive binding of vitamin B12 to transcobalamin I. Cobalamin deficiency most significantly affects functions of blood, nervous system and inflammatory response. Anemia occurs in 13-15% of cases; macrocytosis is an early sign. The average size of neutrophils and monocytes is the most sensitive marker of megaloblastic hematopoiesis. The demands in vitamin B12 are particularly high in nervous tissue. Hypovitaminosis is accompanied by pathological lesions both in white and gray brain matter. Several types of neurological manifestations are described: subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord (funicular myelinosis), sensomotor polyneuropathy, optic nerve neuropathy, cognitive disorders. The whole range of neuropsychiatric disorders with vitamin B12 deficiency has not been studied well enough. Due to certain diagnostic difficulties they are often regarded as "cryptogenic", "reactive", "vascular» origin. Normal or decreased total plasma cobalamin level could not a reliable marker of vitamin deficiency. In difficult cases the content of holotranscobalamin, methylmalonic acid / homocysteine, and folate in the blood serum should be investigated besides carefully analysis of clinical manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ch S Pavlov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Damulin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu O Shulpekova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Andreev
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huemer M, Baumgartner MR. The clinical presentation of cobalamin-related disorders: From acquired deficiencies to inborn errors of absorption and intracellular pathways. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:686-705. [PMID: 30761552 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review gives an overview of clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of nutritional and acquired cobalamin (Cbl; synonym: vitamin B12) deficiencies, inborn errors of Cbl absorption and intracellular trafficking, as well as methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiencies, which impair Cbl-dependent remethylation. Acquired and inborn Cbl-related disorders and MTHFR deficiency cause multisystem, often severe disease. Failure to thrive, neurocognitive or psychiatric symptoms, eye disease, bone marrow alterations, microangiopathy and thromboembolic events are characteristic. The recently identified MTHFD1 defect additionally presents with severe immune deficiency. Deficient Cbl-dependent enzymes cause reduced methylation capacity and metabolite toxicity. Further net-effects of perturbed Cbl function or reduced Cbl supply causing oxidative stress, altered cytokine regulation or immune functions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Huemer
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatrics, Landeskrankenhaus Bregenz, Bregenz, Austria
| | - Matthias R Baumgartner
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bossenmeyer‐Pourié C, Smith AD, Lehmann S, Deramecourt V, Sablonnière B, Camadro J, Pourié G, Kerek R, Helle D, Umoret R, Guéant‐Rodriguez R, Rigau V, Gabelle A, Sequeira JM, Quadros EV, Daval J, Guéant J. N‐homocysteinylation of tau and MAP1 is increased in autopsy specimens of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. J Pathol 2019; 248:291-303. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carine Bossenmeyer‐Pourié
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - A David Smith
- OPTIMA, Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- Laboratoire de Biochimie‐Protéomique Clinique – IRMB – CCBHM – Inserm U1183, CHU MontpellierHôpital St‐Eloi – Université Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Vincent Deramecourt
- Inserm U837, Jean‐Pierre Aubert Research Centre and Université de Lille Nord de France Lille France
| | - Bernard Sablonnière
- Inserm U837, Jean‐Pierre Aubert Research Centre and Université de Lille Nord de France Lille France
| | - Jean‐Michel Camadro
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592Université Paris Diderot Paris France
| | - Grégory Pourié
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Racha Kerek
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Deborah Helle
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Remy Umoret
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Rosa‐Maria Guéant‐Rodriguez
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Valérie Rigau
- Laboratoire de Biochimie‐Protéomique Clinique – IRMB – CCBHM – Inserm U1183, CHU MontpellierHôpital St‐Eloi – Université Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Audrey Gabelle
- Laboratoire de Biochimie‐Protéomique Clinique – IRMB – CCBHM – Inserm U1183, CHU MontpellierHôpital St‐Eloi – Université Montpellier Montpellier France
| | | | - Edward V Quadros
- Department of MedicineSUNY Downstate Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Jean‐Luc Daval
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| | - Jean‐Louis Guéant
- Inserm U1256, Nutrition‐Genetics and Environmental Exposure, Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital Center, Université de Lorraine Vandoeuvre‐lès‐Nancy France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Janssen JJE, Grefte S, Keijer J, de Boer VCJ. Mito-Nuclear Communication by Mitochondrial Metabolites and Its Regulation by B-Vitamins. Front Physiol 2019; 10:78. [PMID: 30809153 PMCID: PMC6379835 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles that control metabolic homeostasis and ATP generation, but also play an important role in other processes, like cell death decisions and immune signaling. Mitochondria produce a diverse array of metabolites that act in the mitochondria itself, but also function as signaling molecules to other parts of the cell. Communication of mitochondria with the nucleus by metabolites that are produced by the mitochondria provides the cells with a dynamic regulatory system that is able to respond to changing metabolic conditions. Dysregulation of the interplay between mitochondrial metabolites and the nucleus has been shown to play a role in disease etiology, such as cancer and type II diabetes. Multiple recent studies emphasize the crucial role of nutritional cofactors in regulating these metabolic networks. Since B-vitamins directly regulate mitochondrial metabolism, understanding the role of B-vitamins in mito-nuclear communication is relevant for therapeutic applications and optimal dietary lifestyle. In this review, we will highlight emerging concepts in mito-nuclear communication and will describe the role of B-vitamins in mitochondrial metabolite-mediated nuclear signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincent C. J. de Boer
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Arora K, Sequeira JM, Alarcon JM, Wasek B, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Quadros EV. Neuropathology of vitamin B 12 deficiency in the Cd320 -/- mouse. FASEB J 2019; 33:2563-2573. [PMID: 30303736 PMCID: PMC6338625 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800754rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In humans, vitamin B12 deficiency causes peripheral and CNS manifestations. Loss of myelin in the peripheral nerves and the spinal cord (SC) contributes to peripheral neuropathy and motor deficits. The metabolic basis for the demyelination and brain disorder is unknown. The transcobalamin receptor-knockout mouse ( Cd320-/-) develops cobalamin (Cbl) deficiency in the nervous system, with mild anemia. A decreased S-adenosylmethionine: S-adenosylhomocysteine ratio and increased methionine were seen in the brain with no significant changes in neurotransmitter metabolites. The structural pathology in the SC presented as loss of myelin in the axonal tracts with inflammation. The sciatic nerve (SN) showed increased nonuniform, internodal segments suggesting demyelination, and remyelination in progress. Consistent with these changes, the Cd320-/- mouse showed an increased latency to thermal nociception. Further, lower amplitude of compound action potential in the SN suggested that the functional capacity of the heavily myelinated axons were preferentially compromised, leading to loss of peripheral sensation. Although the metabolic basis for the demyelination and the structural and functional alterations of the nervous system in Cbl deficiency remain unresolved, the Cd320-/- mouse provides a unique model to investigate the pathologic consequences of vitamin B12 deficiency. -Arora, K., Sequeira, J. M., Alarcon, J. M., Wasek, B., Arning, E., Bottiglieri, T., Quadros, E. V. Neuropathology of vitamin B12 deficiency in the Cd320-/- mouse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri Arora
- The School of Graduate Studies, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Sequeira
- Department of Medicine, and SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Juan M. Alarcon
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Brandi Wasek
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Erland Arning
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Edward V. Quadros
- Department of Medicine, and SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bernard DJ, Pangilinan FJ, Cheng J, Molloy AM, Brody LC. Mice lacking the transcobalamin-vitamin B12 receptor, CD320, suffer from anemia and reproductive deficits when fed vitamin B12-deficient diet. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:3627-3640. [PMID: 30124850 PMCID: PMC6168973 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, poor nutrition, malabsorption and variation in cobalamin (vitamin B12) metabolic genes are associated with hematological, neurological and developmental pathologies. Cobalamin is transported from blood into tissues via the transcobalamin (TC) receptor encoded by the CD320 gene. We created mice carrying a targeted deletion of the mouse ortholog, Cd320. Knockout (KO) mice lacking this TC receptor have elevated levels of plasma methylmalonic acid and homocysteine but are otherwise healthy, viable, fertile and not anemic. To challenge the Cd320 KO mice we maintained them on a vitamin B12-deficient diet. After 5 weeks on this diet, reproductive failure develops in Cd320 KO females but not males. In vitro, homozygous Cd320 KO embryos from cobalamin-deficient Cd320 KO dams develop normally to embryonic day (E) 3.5, while in vivo, few uterine decidual implantation sites are observed at E7.5, suggesting that embryos perish around the time of implantation. Dietary restriction of vitamin B12 induces a severe macrocytic anemia in Cd320 KO mice after 10-12 months while control mice on this diet are anemia-free up to 2 years. Despite the severe anemia, cobalamin-deficient KO mice do not exhibit obvious neurological symptoms. Our results with Cd320 KO mice suggest that an alternative mechanism exists for mice to transport cobalamin independent of the Cd320 encoded receptor. Our findings with deficient diet are consistent with historical and epidemiological data suggesting that low vitamin B12 levels in humans are associated with infertility and developmental abnormalities. Our Cd320 KO mouse model is an ideal model system for studying vitamin B12 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Bernard
- Division of Intramural Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Faith J Pangilinan
- Division of Intramural Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jun Cheng
- Transgenic Mouse Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lawrence C Brody
- Division of Intramural Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Battaglia-Hsu SF, Ghemrawi R, Coelho D, Dreumont N, Mosca P, Hergalant S, Gauchotte G, Sequeira JM, Ndiongue M, Houlgatte R, Alberto JM, Umoret R, Robert A, Paoli J, Jung M, Quadros EV, Guéant JL. Inherited disorders of cobalamin metabolism disrupt nucleocytoplasmic transport of mRNA through impaired methylation/phosphorylation of ELAVL1/HuR. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:7844-7857. [PMID: 30016500 PMCID: PMC6125644 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms that underlie the neurological manifestations of patients with inherited diseases of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) metabolism remain to date obscure. We observed transcriptomic changes of genes involved in RNA metabolism and endoplasmic reticulum stress in a neuronal cell model with impaired cobalamin metabolism. These changes were related to the subcellular mislocalization of several RNA binding proteins, including the ELAVL1/HuR protein implicated in neuronal stress, in this cell model and in patient fibroblasts with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism and Cd320 knockout mice. The decreased interaction of ELAVL1/HuR with the CRM1/exportin protein of the nuclear pore complex and its subsequent mislocalization resulted from hypomethylation at R-217 produced by decreased S-adenosylmethionine and protein methyl transferase CARM1 and dephosphorylation at S221 by increased protein phosphatase PP2A. The mislocalization of ELAVL1/HuR triggered the decreased expression of SIRT1 deacetylase and genes involved in brain development, neuroplasticity, myelin formation, and brain aging. The mislocalization was reversible upon treatment with siPpp2ca, cobalamin, S-adenosylmethionine, or PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid. In conclusion, our data highlight the key role of the disruption of ELAVL1/HuR nuclear export, with genomic changes consistent with the effects of inborn errors of Cbl metabolisms on brain development, neuroplasticity and myelin formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyue-Fang Battaglia-Hsu
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Rose Ghemrawi
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - David Coelho
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Natacha Dreumont
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Pauline Mosca
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Sébastien Hergalant
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Guillaume Gauchotte
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Jeffrey M Sequeira
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, SUNY-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariam Ndiongue
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Rémi Houlgatte
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Jean-Marc Alberto
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Remy Umoret
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Aurélie Robert
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Justine Paoli
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| | - Martin Jung
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Building 44, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Edward V Quadros
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, SUNY-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- INSERM UMRS 954 NGERE – Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure and National Center of Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine and University Regional Hospital Center of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, F-54000, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
West syndrome (WS) is an early life epileptic encephalopathy associated with infantile spasms, interictal electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities including high amplitude, disorganized background with multifocal epileptic spikes (hypsarrhythmia), and often neurodevelopmental impairments. Approximately 64% of the patients have structural, metabolic, genetic, or infectious etiologies and, in the rest, the etiology is unknown. Here we review the contribution of etiologies due to various metabolic disorders in the pathology of WS. These may include metabolic errors in organic molecules involved in amino acid and glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, metal metabolism, pyridoxine deficiency or dependency, or acidurias in organelles such as mitochondria and lysosomes. We discuss the biochemical, clinical, and EEG features of these disorders as well as the evidence of how they may be implicated in the pathogenesis and treatment of WS. The early recognition of these etiologies in some cases may permit early interventions that may improve the course of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seda Salar
- Laboratory of Developmental EpilepsySaul R. Korey Department of NeurologyMontefiore/Einstein Epilepsy CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkU.S.A.
| | - Solomon L. Moshé
- Laboratory of Developmental EpilepsySaul R. Korey Department of NeurologyMontefiore/Einstein Epilepsy CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkU.S.A.
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of NeuroscienceMontefiore/Einstein Epilepsy CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkU.S.A.
- Department of PediatricsMontefiore/Einstein Epilepsy CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkU.S.A.
| | - Aristea S. Galanopoulou
- Laboratory of Developmental EpilepsySaul R. Korey Department of NeurologyMontefiore/Einstein Epilepsy CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkU.S.A.
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of NeuroscienceMontefiore/Einstein Epilepsy CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkU.S.A.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hannibal L, Bolisetty K, Axhemi A, DiBello PM, Quadros EV, Fedosov S, Jacobsen DW. Transcellular transport of cobalamin in aortic endothelial cells. FASEB J 2018; 32:5506-5519. [PMID: 29741927 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701141rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cobalamin [Cbl (or B12)] deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and a variety of neuropathies. However, homeostatic mechanisms of cyanocobalamin (CNCbl) and other Cbls by vascular endothelial cells are poorly understood. Herein, we describe our investigation into whether cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) perform transcytosis of B12, namely, the complex formed between serum transcobalamin and B12, designated as holo-transcobalamin (holo-TC). We show that cultured BAECs endocytose [57Co]-CNCbl-TC (source material) via the CD320 receptor. The bound Cbl is transported across the cell both via exocytosis in its free form, [57Co]-CNCbl, and via transcytosis as [57Co]-CNCbl-TC. Transcellular mobilization of Cbl occurred in a bidirectional manner. A portion of the endocytosed [57Co]-CNCbl was enzymatically processed by methylmalonic aciduria combined with homocystinuria type C (cblC) with subsequent formation of hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamin, and adenosylcobalamin, which were also transported across the cell in a bidirectional manner. This demonstrates that transport mechanisms for Cbl in vascular endothelial cells do not discriminate between various β-axial ligands of the vitamin. Competition studies with apoprotein- and holo-TC and holo-intrinsic factor showed that only holo-TC was effective at inhibiting transcellular transport of Cbl. Incubation of BAECs with a blocking antibody against the extracellular domain of the CD320 receptor inhibited uptake and transcytosis by ∼40%. This study reveals that endothelial cells recycle uncommitted intracellular Cbl for downstream usage by other cell types and suggests that the endothelium is self-sufficient for the specific acquisition and subsequent distribution of circulating B12 via the CD320 receptor. We posit that the endothelial lining of the vasculature is an essential component for the maintenance of serum-tissue homeostasis of B12.-Hannibal, L., Bolisetty, K., Axhemi, A., DiBello, P. M., Quadros, E. V., Fedosov, S., Jacobsen, D. W. Transcellular transport of cobalamin in aortic endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department for Pediatrics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Keerthana Bolisetty
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Armend Axhemi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Patricia M DiBello
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Edward V Quadros
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA; and
| | - Sergey Fedosov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Donald W Jacobsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mietlicki-Baase EG, Liberini CG, Workinger JL, Bonaccorso RL, Borner T, Reiner DJ, Koch-Laskowski K, McGrath LE, Lhamo R, Stein LM, De Jonghe BC, Holz GG, Roth CL, Doyle RP, Hayes MR. A vitamin B12 conjugate of exendin-4 improves glucose tolerance without associated nausea or hypophagia in rodents. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20:1223-1234. [PMID: 29327400 PMCID: PMC5899935 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS While pharmacological glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are FDA-approved for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, a major side effect is nausea/malaise. We recently developed a conjugate of vitamin B12 (B12) bound to the GLP-1R agonist exendin-4 (Ex4), which displays enhanced proteolytic stability and retention of GLP-1R agonism. Here, we evaluate whether the conjugate (B12-Ex4) can improve glucose tolerance without producing anorexia and malaise. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the effects of systemic B12-Ex4 and unconjugated Ex4 on food intake and body weight change, oral glucose tolerance and nausea/malaise in male rats, and on intraperitoneal glucose tolerance in mice. To evaluate whether differences in the profile of effects of B12-Ex4 vs unconjugated Ex4 are the result of altered CNS penetrance, rats received systemic injections of fluorescein-Ex4 (Flex), Cy5-B12 or Cy5-B12-Ex4 and brain penetrance was evaluated using confocal microscopy. Uptake of systemically administered Cy5-B12-Ex4 in insulin-containing pancreatic beta cells was also examined. RESULTS B12-Ex4 conjugate improves glucose tolerance, but does not elicit the malaise and anorexia produced by unconjugated Ex4. While Flex robustly penetrates into the brain (dorsal vagal complex, paraventricular hypothalamus), Cy5-B12 and Cy5-B12-Ex4 fluorescence were not observed centrally, supporting an absence of CNS penetrance, in line with observed reduction in CNS-associated Ex4 side effects. Cy5-B12-Ex4 colocalizes with insulin in the pancreas, suggesting direct pancreatic action as a potential mechanism underlying the hypoglycaemic effects of B12-Ex4. CONCLUSION These novel findings highlight the potential clinical utility of B12-Ex4 conjugates as possible future T2DM therapeutics with reduced incidence of adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia G. Liberini
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | | | - Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - David J. Reiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kieran Koch-Laskowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lauren E. McGrath
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Rinzin Lhamo
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Lauren M. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Bart C. De Jonghe
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - George G. Holz
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Christian L. Roth
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Robert P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Matthew R. Hayes, University of Pennsylvania, 125 South 31 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, 215-573-6070, ; Dr. Robert P. Doyle, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, 315-443-3584,
| | - Matthew R. Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Matthew R. Hayes, University of Pennsylvania, 125 South 31 St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, 215-573-6070, ; Dr. Robert P. Doyle, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, 315-443-3584,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Majtan T, Bublil EM, Park I, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Glavin F, Kraus JP. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PEGylated truncated human cystathionine beta-synthase for treatment of homocystinuria. Life Sci 2018. [PMID: 29526799 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS PEGylated human truncated cystathionine beta-synthase, lacking the C-terminal regulatory domain (PEG-CBS), is a promising preclinical candidate for enzyme replacement therapy in homocystinuria (HCU). It was designed to function as a metabolic sink to decrease the severely elevated plasma and tissue homocysteine concentrations. In this communication, we evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and sub-chronic toxicity of PEG-CBS in homocystinuric mice, wild type rats and monkeys to estimate the minimum human efficacious dose for clinical trials. MAIN METHODS Animal models received single or multiple doses of PEG-CBS. Activity of PEG-CBS and sulfur amino acid metabolites were determined in plasma and used to determine PK and PD. KEY FINDINGS The plasma half-lives of PEG-CBS after a single subcutaneous (SC) injection were approximately 20, 44 and 73 h in mouse, rat and monkey, respectively. The SC administration of PEG-CBS resulted in a significant improvement or full correction of metabolic imbalance in both blood and tissues of homocystinuric mice. The PD of PEG-CBS in mouse was dose-dependent, but less than dose-proportional, with the maximal efficacy achieved at 8 mg/kg. PEG-CBS was well-tolerated in mice and monkeys, but resulted in dose-dependent minimal-to-moderate inflammation at the injection sites and vacuolated macrophages in rats. Allometric scaling of animal data was linear and the estimated human efficacious dose was determined as 0.66 mg/kg administered once a week. SIGNIFICANCE These results provide critical preclinical data for the design of first-in-human PEG-CBS clinical trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Majtan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Erez M Bublil
- Orphan Technologies Ltd., Rapperswill CH-8640, Switzerland
| | - Insun Park
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erland Arning
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75226, USA
| | - Teodoro Bottiglieri
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75226, USA
| | - Frank Glavin
- Orphan Technologies Ltd., Rapperswill CH-8640, Switzerland
| | - Jan P Kraus
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Green R, Allen LH, Bjørke-Monsen AL, Brito A, Guéant JL, Miller JW, Molloy AM, Nexo E, Stabler S, Toh BH, Ueland PM, Yajnik C. Vitamin B 12 deficiency. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017; 3:17040. [PMID: 28660890 DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 464] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (B12; also known as cobalamin) is a B vitamin that has an important role in cellular metabolism, especially in DNA synthesis, methylation and mitochondrial metabolism. Clinical B12 deficiency with classic haematological and neurological manifestations is relatively uncommon. However, subclinical deficiency affects between 2.5% and 26% of the general population depending on the definition used, although the clinical relevance is unclear. B12 deficiency can affect individuals at all ages, but most particularly elderly individuals. Infants, children, adolescents and women of reproductive age are also at high risk of deficiency in populations where dietary intake of B12-containing animal-derived foods is restricted. Deficiency is caused by either inadequate intake, inadequate bioavailability or malabsorption. Disruption of B12 transport in the blood, or impaired cellular uptake or metabolism causes an intracellular deficiency. Diagnostic biomarkers for B12 status include decreased levels of circulating total B12 and transcobalamin-bound B12, and abnormally increased levels of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid. However, the exact cut-offs to classify clinical and subclinical deficiency remain debated. Management depends on B12 supplementation, either via high-dose oral routes or via parenteral administration. This Primer describes the current knowledge surrounding B12 deficiency, and highlights improvements in diagnostic methods as well as shifting concepts about the prevalence, causes and manifestations of B12 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, 4400 V Street, PATH Building, Davis, California 95817, USA
| | - Lindsay H Allen
- USDA, ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | | | - Alex Brito
- USDA, ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Inserm UMRS 954 N-GERE (Nutrition Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux), University of Lorraine and INSERM, Nancy, France
| | - Joshua W Miller
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Anne M Molloy
- School of Medicine and School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ebba Nexo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sally Stabler
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Ban-Hock Toh
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Per Magne Ueland
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Section for Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Arora K, Sequeira JM, Hernández AI, Alarcon JM, Quadros EV. Behavioral alterations are associated with vitamin B12 deficiency in the transcobalamin receptor/CD320 KO mouse. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177156. [PMID: 28545069 PMCID: PMC5436650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency is prevalent worldwide and causes megaloblastic anemia and neurologic deficits. While the anemia can be treated, the neurologic deficits can become refractive to treatment as the disease progresses. Therefore, timely intervention is critical for a favorable outcome. Moreover, the metabolic basis for the neuro-pathologic changes and the role of cobalamin deficiency in the pathology still remains unexplained. Using a transcobalamin receptor / CD320 knockout mouse that lacks the receptor for cellular uptake of transcobalamin bound cobalamin, we aimed to determine whether cobalamin deficiency in the central nervous system produced functional neurologic deficits in the mouse that would parallel those observed in humans. Our behavioral analyses indicate elevated anxiety and deficits in learning, memory and set-shifting of a spatial memory task in the KO mouse. Consistent with the behavioral deficits, the knockout mouse shows impaired expression of the early phase of hippocampal long-term potentiation along with reduced expression of GluR1, decreased brain mass and a significant reduction in the size of nuclei of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Our study suggests that the CD320 knockout mouse develops behavioral deficits associated with cobalamin deficiency and therefore could provide a model to understand the metabolic and genetic basis of neuro-pathologic changes due to cobalamin deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri Arora
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey M. Sequeira
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Alejandro I. Hernández
- Department of Pathology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Juan M. Alarcon
- Department of Pathology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Edward V. Quadros
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Arora K, Sequeira JM, Quadros EV. Maternofetal transport of vitamin B 12: role of TCblR/ CD320 and megalin. FASEB J 2017; 31:3098-3106. [PMID: 28351841 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700025r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and neurologic disorder in humans. Gene defects of transcobalamin (TC) and the transcobalamin receptor (TCblR), needed for cellular uptake of the TC-bound B12, do not confer embryonic lethality. TC deficiency can produce the hematologic and neurologic complications after birth, whereas TCblR/CD320 gene defects appear to produce mild metabolic changes. Alternate maternofetal transport mechanisms appear to provide adequate B12 to the fetus. To understand this mechanism, we evaluated the role of TC, TCblR/CD320, and megalin in maternofetal transport of B12 in a TCblR/CD320-knockout (KO) mouse. Our results showed high expression of TCblR/CD320 in the labyrinth of the placenta, embryonic brain, and spinal column in wild-type (WT) mice. Megalin expression was about the same in both WT and KO mouse visceral yolk sac, brain, and spinal column. Megalin mRNA was down-regulated in the KO embryonic spinal cord (SC) and kidneys. Megalin expression remained unaltered in adult WT and KO mouse brain, SC, and kidneys. Injected dsRed-TC-B12 and TC-57CoB12 accumulated in the visceral yolk sac of KO mice where megalin is expressed and provides an alternate mechanism for the maternofetal transport of Cbl during fetal development.-Arora, K., Sequeira, J. M., Quadros, E. V. Maternofetal transport of vitamin B12: role of TCblR/CD320 and megalin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri Arora
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Graduate Studies, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Sequeira
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Edward V Quadros
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhao H, Ruberu K, Li H, Garner B. Cell Type-Specific Modulation of Cobalamin Uptake by Bovine Serum. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167044. [PMID: 27893837 PMCID: PMC5125665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracking cellular 57Co-labelled cobalamin (57Co-Cbl) uptake is a well-established method for studying Cbl homeostasis. Previous studies established that bovine serum is not generally permissive for cellular Cbl uptake when used as a supplement in cell culture medium, whereas supplementation with human serum promotes cellular Cbl uptake. The underlying reasons for these differences are not fully defined. In the current study we address this question. We extend earlier observations by showing that fetal calf serum inhibits cellular 57Co-Cbl uptake by HT1080 cells (a fibrosarcoma-derived fibroblast cell line). Furthermore, we discovered that a simple heat-treatment protocol (95°C for 10 min) ameliorates this inhibitory activity for HT1080 cell 57Co-Cbl uptake. We provide evidence that the very high level of haptocorrin in bovine serum (as compared to human serum) is responsible for this inhibitory activity. We suggest that bovine haptocorrin competes with cell-derived transcobalamin for Cbl binding, and that cellular Cbl uptake may be minimised in the presence of large amounts of bovine haptocorrin that are present under routine in vitro cell culture conditions. In experiments conducted with AG01518 cells (a neonatal foreskin-derived fibroblast cell line), overall cellular 57Co-Cbl uptake was 86% lower than for HT1080 cells, cellular TC production was below levels detectable by western blotting, and heat treatment of fetal calf serum resulted in only a modest increase in cellular 57Co-Cbl uptake. We recommend a careful assessment of cell culture protocols should be conducted in order to determine the potential benefits that heat-treated bovine serum may provide for in vitro studies of mammalian cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Kalani Ruberu
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Hongyun Li
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Garner
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Peng L, Dreumont N, Coelho D, Guéant JL, Arnold C. Genetic animal models to decipher the pathogenic effects of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. Biochimie 2016; 126:43-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
30
|
Kulaksızoglu B, Kulaksızoglu S, Ellidag HY, Cinemre B, Baykal A, Yılmaz N. Increased ratios of homocysteine/vitamin B12, homocysteine/folate and methionine/vitamin B12 in schizophrenic patients. NEUROCHEM J+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712416020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
31
|
Hsu YH, Huang CF, Lo CP, Wang TL, Tu MC. Vitamin B12 deficiency: Characterization of psychometrics and MRI morphometrics. Nutr Neurosci 2015; 19:47-54. [DOI: 10.1179/1476830515y.0000000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
32
|
Abuyaman O, Nexo E. The soluble transcobalamin receptor (sCD320) is present in cerebrospinal fluid and correlates to dementia-related biomarkers tau proteins and amyloid-beta. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2015. [PMID: 26205293 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2015.1057761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular uptake of vitamin B12 (B12) demands binding of the vitamin to transcobalamin (TC) and recognition of TC-B12 (holoTC) by the receptor CD320. Recently, we identified a soluble form of CD320 (sCD320) in human plasma. Here we present data on the occurrence of this soluble receptor in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and show its correlations to dementia-related biomarkers tau proteins and amyloid-beta. METHODS We collected 223 cerebrospinal fluid samples and corresponding plasma samples (n = 46). We measured CSF and plasma sCD320, holoTC and total TC employing in-house ELISA methods and CSF phospho-tau (181P) (p-tau), total tau (t-tau) and amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ) (n = 177) employing commercial ELISA kits (Innogenetics Company). Size exclusion chromatography was performed on a Superdex 200 column. RESULTS The median sCD320 concentration in CSF (14 pmol/L) is around five times lower than in plasma (72 pmol/L). No correlation was observed between plasma and CSF sCD320 levels (n = 46), while the behavior upon size exclusion chromatography was the same. In CSF, sCD320 correlates to holoTC and total TC (Spearman's correlation (Rs) = 0.325, 0.232 (n = 218, 217) respectively, p < 0.01). Interestingly, sCD320 correlates to p-tau and t-tau (Rs = 0.599, 0.569 (n = 173, 176) respectively, p < 0.001) and to Aβ (Rs = 0.265, p < 0.001 (n = 177)). CONCLUSION We document for the first time the occurrence of sCD320 in human CSF. We report that the concentration of sCD320 correlates to the dementia-related biomarkers p-tau, t-tau and Aβ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abuyaman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus , Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|