1
|
Çiftçi YC, Yurtsever Y, Akgül B. Long non-coding RNA-mediated modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress under pathological conditions. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18561. [PMID: 39072992 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which ensues from an overwhelming protein folding capacity, activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) in an effort to restore cellular homeostasis. As ER stress is associated with numerous diseases, it is highly important to delineate the molecular mechanisms governing the ER stress to gain insight into the disease pathology. Long non-coding RNAs, transcripts with a length of over 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins, interact with proteins and nucleic acids, fine-tuning the UPR to restore ER homeostasis via various modes of actions. Dysregulation of specific lncRNAs is implicated in the progression of ER stress-related diseases, presenting these molecules as promising therapeutic targets. The comprehensive analysis underscores the importance of understanding the nuanced interplay between lncRNAs and ER stress for insights into disease mechanisms. Overall, this review consolidates current knowledge, identifies research gaps and offers a roadmap for future investigations into the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs in ER stress and associated diseases to shed light on their pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Cem Çiftçi
- Noncoding RNA Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yiğit Yurtsever
- Noncoding RNA Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bünyamin Akgül
- Noncoding RNA Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pan AL, Audrain M, Sakakibara E, Joshi R, Zhu X, Wang Q, Wang M, Beckmann ND, Schadt EE, Gandy S, Zhang B, Ehrlich ME, Salton SR. Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) overexpression reduces amyloid load and improves memory deficits in male 5xFAD mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1400447. [PMID: 39006222 PMCID: PMC11239576 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1400447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dual specificity protein phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) was recently identified as a key hub gene in a causal VGF gene network that regulates late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Importantly, decreased DUSP6 levels are correlated with an increased clinical dementia rating (CDR) in human subjects, and DUSP6 levels are additionally decreased in the 5xFAD amyloidopathy mouse model. Methods To investigate the role of DUSP6 in AD, we stereotactically injected AAV5-DUSP6 or AAV5-GFP (control) into the dorsal hippocampus (dHc) of both female and male 5xFAD or wild type mice, to induce overexpression of DUSP6 or GFP. Results Barnes maze testing indicated that DUSP6 overexpression in the dHc of 5xFAD mice improved memory deficits and was associated with reduced amyloid plaque load, Aß1-40 and Aß1-42 levels, and amyloid precursor protein processing enzyme BACE1, in male but not in female mice. Microglial activation, which was increased in 5xFAD mice, was significantly reduced by dHc DUSP6 overexpression in both males and females, as was the number of "microglial clusters," which correlated with reduced amyloid plaque size. Transcriptomic profiling of female 5xFAD hippocampus revealed upregulation of inflammatory and extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways, while dHc DUSP6 overexpression in female 5xFAD mice downregulated a subset of genes in these pathways. Gene ontology analysis of DEGs (p < 0.05) identified a greater number of synaptic pathways that were regulated by DUSP6 overexpression in male compared to female 5xFAD. Discussion In summary, DUSP6 overexpression in dHc reduced amyloid deposition and memory deficits in male but not female 5xFAD mice, whereas reduced neuroinflammation and microglial activation were observed in both males and females, suggesting that DUSP6-induced reduction of microglial activation did not contribute to sex-dependent improvement in memory deficits. The sex-dependent regulation of synaptic pathways by DUSP6 overexpression, however, correlated with the improvement of spatial memory deficits in male but not female 5xFAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allen L. Pan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mickael Audrain
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Emmy Sakakibara
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rajeev Joshi
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Noam D. Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stephen R. Salton
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alexandre-Silva V, Cominetti MR. Unraveling the dual role of ADAM10: Bridging the gap between cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111928. [PMID: 38513842 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
An inverse association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer has been proposed. Patients with a cancer history have a decreased risk of developing AD, and AD patients have a reduced cancer incidence, which is not seen in vascular dementia patients. Given this association, common molecular and biological mechanisms that could explain this inverse relationship have been proposed before, such as Peptidylprolyl Cis/Trans Isomerase, NIMA-Interacting 1 (Pin1), Wingless and Int-1 (Wnt), and transformation-related protein 53 (p53)-mediated pathways, along with inflammation and oxidative stress-related proteins. A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) is a protease responsible for the cleavage of key AD- and cancer-related substrates, and it has inverse roles in those diseases: neuroprotective and disease-promoting, respectively. Thus, herein, we review the relevant literature linking AD and cancer and propose how ADAM10 activity might modulate the inverse association between the diseases. Understanding how this protease mediates those two conditions might raise some considerations in the ADAM10 pharmacological modulation for treating AD and cancer.
Collapse
|
4
|
Song L, Pan Q, Zhou G, Liu S, Zhu B, Lin P, Hu X, Zha J, Long Y, Luo B, Chen J, Tang Y, Tang J, Xiang X, Xie X, Deng X, Chen G. SHMT2 Mediates Small-Molecule-Induced Alleviation of Alzheimer Pathology Via the 5'UTR-dependent ADAM10 Translation Initiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305260. [PMID: 38183387 PMCID: PMC10953581 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
It is long been suggested that one-carbon metabolism (OCM) is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), whereas the potential mechanisms remain poorly understood. Taking advantage of chemical biology, that mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT2) directly regulated the translation of ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 (ADAM10), a therapeutic target for AD is reported. That the small-molecule kenpaullone (KEN) promoted ADAM10 translation via the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) and improved cognitive functions in APP/PS1 mice is found. SHMT2, which is identified as a target gene of KEN and the 5'UTR-interacting RNA binding protein (RBP), mediated KEN-induced ADAM10 translation in vitro and in vivo. SHMT2 controls AD signaling pathways through binding to a large number of RNAs and enhances the 5'UTR activity of ADAM10 by direct interaction with GAGGG motif, whereas this motif affected ribosomal scanning of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) in the 5'UTR. Together, KEN exhibits therapeutic potential for AD by linking OCM with RNA processing, in which the metabolic enzyme SHMT2 "moonlighted" as RBP by binding to GAGGG motif and promoting the 5'UTR-dependent ADAM10 translation initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Qiu‐Ling Pan
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Gui‐Feng Zhou
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Sheng‐Wei Liu
- Department of PharmacyYongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing402160China
| | - Bing‐Lin Zhu
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Pei‐Jia Lin
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xiao‐Tong Hu
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of Health ManagementDaping HospitalArmy Medical universityChongqing400042China
| | - Jing‐Si Zha
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of Internal MedicineThe Southwest University HospitalChongqing400715China
| | - Yan Long
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of Geriatric MedicineDaping HospitalArmy Medical universityChongqing400042China
| | - Biao Luo
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of NeurologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xiao‐Jiao Xiang
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- Department of Nuclear MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Xiao‐Yong Xie
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Deng
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Guo‐Jun Chen
- Department of NeurologyChongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental DisordersThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu S, Liu H, Wang C, Deng Y, Xu B, Yang T, Liu W. Dual roles of UPR er and UPR mt in neurodegenerative diseases. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1499-1512. [PMID: 37817014 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response mechanism induced by the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins. Within the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, a dynamic balance exists between protein folding mechanisms and unfolded protein levels under normal conditions. Disruption of this balance or an accumulation of unfolded proteins in these organelles can result in stress responses and UPR. The UPR restores organelle homeostasis and promotes cell survival by increasing the expression of chaperone proteins, regulating protein quality control systems, and enhancing the protein degradation pathway. However, prolonged or abnormal UPR can also have negative effects, including cell death. Therefore, many diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases, are associated with UPR dysfunction. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by misfolded proteins accumulating and aggregating, and neuronal cells are particularly sensitive to misfolded proteins and are prone to degeneration. Many studies have shown that the UPR plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we will discuss the possible contributions of the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPRer) and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in the development of several neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Haihui Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China
| | - Tianyao Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pan AL, Audrain M, Sakakibara E, Joshi R, Zhu X, Wang Q, Wang M, Beckmann ND, Schadt EE, Gandy S, Zhang B, Ehrlich ME, Salton SR. Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) overexpression reduces amyloid load and improves memory deficits in male 5xFAD mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554335. [PMID: 37662269 PMCID: PMC10473733 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Dual specificity protein phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) was recently identified as a key hub gene in a causal network that regulates late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, decreased DUSP6 levels are correlated with an increased clinical dementia rating in human subjects, and DUSP6 levels are additionally decreased in the 5xFAD amyloidopathy mouse model. Methods AAV5-DUSP6 or AAV5-GFP (control) were stereotactically injected into the dorsal hippocampus (dHc) of female and male 5xFAD or wild type mice to overexpress DUSP6 or GFP. Spatial learning memory of these mice was assessed in the Barnes maze, after which hippocampal tissues were isolated for downstream analysis. Results Barnes maze testing indicated that DUSP6 overexpression in the dHc of 5xFAD mice improved memory deficits and was associated with reduced amyloid plaque load, Aß 1-40 and Aß 1-42 levels, and amyloid precursor protein processing enzyme BACE1, in male but not in female mice. Microglial activation and microgliosis, which are increased in 5xFAD mice, were significantly reduced by dHc DUSP6 overexpression in both males and females. Transcriptomic profiling of female 5xFAD hippocampus revealed upregulated expression of genes involved in inflammatory and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, while dHc DUSP6 overexpression in female 5xFAD mice downregulated a subset of genes in these pathways. A limited number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR<0.05) were identified in male mice; gene ontology analysis of DEGs (p<0.05) identified a greater number of synaptic pathways that were regulated by DUSP6 overexpression in male compared to female 5xFAD. Notably, the msh homeobox 3 gene, Msx3 , previously shown to regulate microglial M1/M2 polarization and reduce neuroinflammation, was one of the most robustly upregulated genes in female and male wild type and 5xFAD mice overexpressing DUSP6. Conclusions In summary, our data indicate that DUSP6 overexpression in dHc reduced amyloid deposition and memory deficits in male but not female 5xFAD mice, whereas reduced neuroinflammation and microglial activation were observed in both males and females. The sex-dependent regulation of synaptic pathways by DUSP6 overexpression, however, correlated with the improvement of spatial memory deficits in male but not female 5xFAD.
Collapse
|
7
|
Duran-Aniotz C, Poblete N, Rivera-Krstulovic C, Ardiles ÁO, Díaz-Hung ML, Tamburini G, Sabusap CMP, Gerakis Y, Cabral-Miranda F, Diaz J, Fuentealba M, Arriagada D, Muñoz E, Espinoza S, Martinez G, Quiroz G, Sardi P, Medinas DB, Contreras D, Piña R, Lourenco MV, Ribeiro FC, Ferreira ST, Rozas C, Morales B, Plate L, Gonzalez-Billault C, Palacios AG, Hetz C. The unfolded protein response transcription factor XBP1s ameliorates Alzheimer's disease by improving synaptic function and proteostasis. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2240-2256. [PMID: 37016577 PMCID: PMC10362463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alteration in the buffering capacity of the proteostasis network is an emerging feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), highlighting the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is the main adaptive pathway to cope with protein folding stress at the ER. Inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1) operates as a central ER stress sensor, enabling the establishment of adaptive and repair programs through the control of the expression of the transcription factor X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1). To artificially enforce the adaptive capacity of the UPR in the AD brain, we developed strategies to express the active form of XBP1 in the brain. Overexpression of XBP1 in the nervous system using transgenic mice reduced the load of amyloid deposits and preserved synaptic and cognitive function. Moreover, local delivery of XBP1 into the hippocampus of an 5xFAD mice using adeno-associated vectors improved different AD features. XBP1 expression corrected a large proportion of the proteomic alterations observed in the AD model, restoring the levels of several synaptic proteins and factors involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation and axonal growth. Our results illustrate the therapeutic potential of targeting UPR-dependent gene expression programs as a strategy to ameliorate AD features and sustain synaptic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Duran-Aniotz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Latin American Institute for Brain Health (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Natalia Poblete
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Rivera-Krstulovic
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Álvaro O Ardiles
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Mei Li Díaz-Hung
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Giovanni Tamburini
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carleen Mae P Sabusap
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yannis Gerakis
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Cabral-Miranda
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Javier Diaz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matias Fuentealba
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Arriagada
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ernesto Muñoz
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Espinoza
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriela Martinez
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriel Quiroz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Sardi
- Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area, Sanofi, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Danilo B Medinas
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Darwin Contreras
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Piña
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mychael V Lourenco
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe C Ribeiro
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio T Ferreira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rozas
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bernardo Morales
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, University of Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lars Plate
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christian Gonzalez-Billault
- FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adrian G Palacios
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hafycz JM, Strus E, Naidoo NN. Early and late chaperone intervention therapy boosts XBP1s and ADAM10, restores proteostasis, and rescues learning in Alzheimer's Disease mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.23.541973. [PMID: 37292838 PMCID: PMC10245863 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.23.541973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that is pervasive among the aging population. Two distinct phenotypes of AD are deficits in cognition and proteostasis, including chronic activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and aberrant Aβ production. It is unknown if restoring proteostasis by reducing chronic and aberrant UPR activation in AD can improve pathology and cognition. Here, we present data using an APP knock-in mouse model of AD and several protein chaperone supplementation paradigms, including a late-stage intervention. We show that supplementing protein chaperones systemically and locally in the hippocampus reduces PERK signaling and increases XBP1s, which is associated with increased ADAM10 and decreased Aβ42. Importantly, chaperone treatment improves cognition which is correlated with increased CREB phosphorylation and BDNF. Together, this data suggests that chaperone treatment restores proteostasis in a mouse model of AD and that this restoration is associated with improved cognition and reduced pathology. One-sentence summary Chaperone therapy in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease improves cognition by reducing chronic UPR activity.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zatovicova M, Kajanova I, Takacova M, Jelenska L, Sedlakova O, Labudova M, Pastorekova S. ADAM10 mediates shedding of carbonic anhydrase IX ectodomain non‑redundantly to ADAM17. Oncol Rep 2022; 49:27. [PMID: 36524367 PMCID: PMC9813547 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a transmembrane enzyme participating in adaptive responses of tumors to hypoxia and acidosis. CA IX regulates pH, facilitates metabolic reprogramming, and supports migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Extracellular domain (ECD) of CA IX can be shed to medium and body fluids by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17. Here we show for the first time that CA IX ECD shedding can be also executed by ADAM10, a close relative of ADAM17, via an overlapping cleavage site in the stalk region of CA IX connecting its exofacial catalytic site with the transmembrane region. This finding is supported by biochemical evidence using recombinant human ADAM10 protein, colocalization of ADAM10 with CA IX, ectopic expression of a dominant‑negative mutant of ADAM10 and RNA interference‑mediated suppression of ADAM10. Induction of the CA IX ECD cleavage with ADAM17 and/or ADAM10 activators revealed their additive effect. Similarly, additive effect was observed with an ADAM17‑inhibiting antibody and an ADAM10‑preferential inhibitor GI254023X. These data indicated that ADAM10 is a CA IX sheddase acting on CA IX non‑redundantly to ADAM17.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Zatovicova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Kajanova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Takacova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Jelenska
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Olga Sedlakova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Labudova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia,Correspondence to: Professor Silvia Pastorekova, Biomedical Research Center of The Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pan AL, Audrain M, Sakakibara E, Joshi R, Zhu X, Wang Q, Wang M, Beckmann ND, Schadt EE, Gandy S, Zhang B, Ehrlich ME, Salton SR. Dual-Specificity Protein Phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) Overexpression Improves Learning Behavior Selectively in Female 5xFAD Mice, and Reduces β-Amyloid Load in Males and Females. Cells 2022; 11:3880. [PMID: 36497141 PMCID: PMC9737364 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent multiscale network analyses of banked brains from subjects who died of late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease converged on VGF (non-acronymic) as a key hub or driver. Within this computational VGF network, we identified the dual-specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) [also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase 2] as an important node. Importantly, DUSP4 gene expression, like that of VGF, is downregulated in postmortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. We investigated the roles that this VGF/DUSP4 network plays in the development of learning behavior impairment and neuropathology in the 5xFAD amyloidopathy mouse model. We found reductions in DUSP4 expression in the hippocampi of male AD subjects, correlating with increased CDR scores, and in 4-month-old female and 12-18-month-old male 5xFAD hippocampi. Adeno-associated virus (AAV5)-mediated overexpression of DUSP4 in 5xFAD mouse dorsal hippocampi (dHc) rescued impaired Barnes maze performance in females but not in males, while amyloid loads were reduced in both females and males. Bulk RNA sequencing of the dHc from 5-month-old mice overexpressing DUSP4, and Ingenuity Pathway and Enrichr analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), revealed that DUSP4 reduced gene expression in female 5xFAD mice in neuroinflammatory, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), programmed cell death protein-ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1/PD-1), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/MAPK pathways, via which DUSP4 may modulate AD phenotype with gender-specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allen L. Pan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Mickael Audrain
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emmy Sakakibara
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Rajeev Joshi
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Noam D. Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Eric E. Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transformative Disease Modeling, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stephen R. Salton
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen L, Bi M, Zhang Z, Du X, Chen X, Jiao Q, Jiang H. The functions of IRE1α in neurodegenerative diseases: Beyond ER stress. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101774. [PMID: 36332756 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α) is a type I transmembrane protein that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). IRE1α, which is the primary sensor of ER stress, has been proven to maintain intracellular protein homeostasis by activating X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1). Further studies have revealed novel physiological functions of the IRE1α, such as its roles in mRNA and protein degradation, inflammation, immunity, cell proliferation and cell death. Therefore, the function of IRE1α is not limited to its role in ER stress; IRE1α is also important for regulating other processes related to cellular physiology. Furthermore, IRE1α plays a key role in neurodegenerative diseases that are caused by the phosphorylation of Tau protein, the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and the toxic effects of mutant Huntingtin (mHtt). Therefore, targeting IRE1α is a valuable approach for treating neurodegenerative diseases and regulating cell functions. This review discusses the role of IRE1α in different cellular processes, and emphasizes the importance of IRE1α in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingxia Bi
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xixun Du
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Jiao
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang C, Chang Y, Zhu J, Ma R, Li G. Dual Role of Inositol-requiring Enzyme 1α–X-box Binding protein 1 Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neuroscience 2022; 505:157-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
13
|
Askari S, Javadpour P, Rashidi FS, Dargahi L, Kashfi K, Ghasemi R. Behavioral and Molecular Effects of Thapsigargin-Induced Brain ER- Stress: Encompassing Inflammation, MAPK, and Insulin Signaling Pathway. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091374. [PMID: 36143409 PMCID: PMC9500646 DOI: 10.3390/life12091374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of misfolded proteins, known as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, is known to participate in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is also correlated with impaired central insulin signaling. However, few studies have probed the relationship between memory, central ER stress, inflammation, hippocampal mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity and insulin resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the causative role and underlying mechanisms of brain ER stress in memory impairment and develop a reliable animal model for ER-mediated memory loss. Thapsigargin (TG), a known ER stress activator, was centrally administered. The cognitive function of animals was evaluated by the Morris Water Maze (MWM). To verify the induction of central ER stress, we investigated the mRNA expression of UPR markers in the hippocampus. In addition, the activation of ER stress markers, including Bip, CHOP, and some related apoptosis and pro-inflammatory proteins, such as caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, TNF-α, MAPK, and insulin signaling markers, were assessed by Western-blots. The results demonstrated that TG impairs spatial cognition and hippocampal insulin signaling. Meanwhile, molecular results showed a concurrent increment of hippocampal UPR markers, apoptosis, P38 activity, and TNF-α. This study introduced TG-induced ER stress as a pharmacological model for memory impairment in rats and revealed some underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Askari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11151-19857, Iran
| | - Pegah Javadpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11151-19857, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Rashidi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11151-19857, Iran
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11151-19857, Iran
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11151-19857, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11151-19857, Iran
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-21-22439971
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Spliced or Unspliced, That Is the Question: The Biological Roles of XBP1 Isoforms in Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052746. [PMID: 35269888 PMCID: PMC8910952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is a member of the CREB/ATF basic region leucine zipper family transcribed as the unspliced isoform (XBP1-u), which, upon exposure to endoplasmic reticulum stress, is spliced into its spliced isoform (XBP1-s). XBP1-s interacts with the cAMP response element of major histocompatibility complex class II gene and plays critical role in unfolded protein response (UPR) by regulating the transcriptional activity of genes involved in UPR. XBP1-s is also involved in other physiological pathways, including lipid metabolism, insulin metabolism, and differentiation of immune cells. Its aberrant expression is closely related to inflammation, neurodegenerative disease, viral infection, and is crucial for promoting tumor progression and drug resistance. Meanwhile, recent studies reported that the function of XBP1-u has been underestimated, as it is not merely a precursor of XBP1-s. Instead, XBP-1u is a critical factor involved in various biological pathways including autophagy and tumorigenesis through post-translational regulation. Herein, we summarize recent research on the biological functions of both XBP1-u and XBP1-s, as well as their relation to diseases.
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheng KC, Cheung CHA, Chiang HC. Early Aβ42 Exposure Causes Learning Impairment in Later Life. Aging Dis 2022; 13:868-883. [PMID: 35656119 PMCID: PMC9116909 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid cascade hypothesis proposes that amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation is the initiator and major contributor to the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, this hypothesis has recently been challenged by clinical studies showing that reduction of Aβ accumulation in the brain does not accompany with cognitive improvement, suggesting that therapeutically targeting Aβ in the brain may not be sufficient for restoring cognitive function. Since the molecular mechanism underlying the progressive development of cognitive impairment after Aβ clearance is largely unknown, the reason of why there is no behavioral improvement after Aβ clearance remains elusive. In the current study, we demonstrated that transient Aβ expression caused learning deficit in later life, despite the accumulated Aβ was soon being removed after the expression. Early Aβ exposure decreased the cellular expression of XBP1 and both the antioxidants, catalase, and dPrx5, which made cells more vulnerable to oxidative stress in later life. Early induction of XBP1, catalase, and dPrx5 prevented the overproduction of ROS, improved the learning performance, and preserved the viability of cells in the later life with the early Aβ induction. Treating the early Aβ exposed flies with antioxidants such as vitamin E, melatonin and lipoic acid, after the removal of Aβ also preserved the learning ability in later life. Taken together, we demonstrated that early and transient Aβ exposure can have a profound impact on animal behavior in later life and also revealed the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the development of learning impairment by the early and transient Aβ exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chung Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun Hei Antonio Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Cheng Chiang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Hsueh-Cheng Chiang, Department of Pharmacology, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. E-mail: .
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sil A, Erfani A, Lamb N, Copland R, Riedel G, Platt B. Sex Differences in Behavior and Molecular Pathology in the 5XFAD Model. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 85:755-778. [PMID: 34864660 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is greater in women compared to men, but the reasons for this remain unknown. This sex difference has been widely neglected in experimental studies using transgenic mouse models of AD. OBJECTIVE Here, we studied behavior and molecular pathology of 5-month-old 5XFAD mice, which express mutated human amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 on a C57BL/6J background, versus their wild-type littermate controls, to compared both sex- and genotype-dependent differences. METHODS A novel behavioral paradigm was utilized (OF-NO-SI), comprising activity measures (Open Field, OF) arena, followed by Novel Object exploration (NO) and Social Interaction (SI) of a sex-matched conspecific. Each segment consisted of two repeated trials to assess between-trial habituation. Subsequently, brain pathology (amyloid load, stress response and inflammation markers, synaptic integrity, trophic support) was assessed using qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS Female 5XFAD mice had higher levels of human APP and amyloid-β and heightened inflammation versus males. These markers correlated with hyperactivity observed in both sexes, yet only female 5XFAD mice presented with deficits in object and social exploration. Male animals had higher expression of stress markers and neurotrophic factors irrespective of genotype, this correlated with cognitive performance. CONCLUSION The impact of sex on AD-relevant phenotypes is in line with human data and emphasizes the necessity of appropriate study design and reporting. Differential molecular profiles observed in male versus female mice offer insights into possible protective mechanisms, and hence treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annesha Sil
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Arina Erfani
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Nicola Lamb
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Rachel Copland
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Gernot Riedel
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Bettina Platt
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Okuzono Y, Sakuma H, Miyakawa S, Ifuku M, Lee J, Das D, Banerjee A, Zhao Y, Yamamoto K, Ando T, Sato S. Reduced TREM2 activation in microglia of patients with Alzheimer's disease. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:3063-3080. [PMID: 34523252 PMCID: PMC8564098 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function variants of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanism through which TREM2 contributes to the disease (TREM2 activation vs inactivation) is largely unknown. Here, we analyzed changes in a gene set downstream of TREM2 to determine whether TREM2 signaling is modified by AD progression. We generated an anti-human TREM2 agonistic antibody and defined TREM2 activation in terms of the downstream expression changes induced by this antibody in microglia developed from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) following TREM2 activation were compared with the gene set extracted from microglial single nuclear RNA sequencing data of patients with AD, using gene set enrichment analysis. We isolated an anti-TREM2-specific agonistic antibody, Hyb87, from anti-human TREM2 antibodies generated using binding and agonism assays, which helped us identify 300 upregulated and 251 downregulated DEGs. Pathway enrichment analysis suggested that TREM2 activation may be associated with Th2-related pathways. TREM2 activation was lower in AD microglia than in microglia from healthy subjects or patients with mild cognitive impairment. TREM2 activation also showed a significant negative correlation with disease progression. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs controlled by TREM2 activity indicated that TREM2 activation in AD may lead to anti-apoptotic signaling, immune response, and cytoskeletal changes in the microglia. We showed that TREM2 activation decreases with AD progression, in support of a protective role of TREM2 activation in AD. In addition, the agonistic anti-TREM2 antibody can be used to identify TREM2 activation state in AD microglia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuumi Okuzono
- Immune Cell Engineered TherapeuticsResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Sakuma
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery UnitResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Shuuichi Miyakawa
- Immune Cell Engineered TherapeuticsResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Masataka Ifuku
- Immune Cell Engineered TherapeuticsResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Jonghun Lee
- Computational BiologyResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Debashree Das
- Early Target DiscoveryResearch, Takeda California, Inc.San DiegoCAUSA
| | - Antara Banerjee
- GI ImmunologyResearch, Takeda California, Inc.San DiegoCAUSA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Computational BiologyResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Computational BiologyResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Tatsuya Ando
- Computational BiologyResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| | - Shuji Sato
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery UnitResearch, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedFujisawaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Darusman HS, Saepuloh U, Mariya SS, Sajuthi D, Schapiro SJ, Hau J. Increased expression of GAPDH in cynomolgus monkeys with spontaneous cognitive decline and amyloidopathy reminiscent of an Alzheimer's-type disease is reflected in the circulation. Am J Primatol 2021; 83:e23296. [PMID: 34196425 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies of aging cynomolgus monkeys from our group identified spontaneous age-associated cognitive declines associated with biomarkers and brain lesions reminiscent of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), in a proportion of aged monkeys. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the spontaneous amyloid disorders and cognitive declines observed in these affected monkeys have yet to be investigated in detail. Using reverse transcriptase quantitative real time PCR techniques, normalized to the ACTB housekeeping gene, we analyzed the expression patterns of a number of genes which have been implicated in amyloid and tau abnormalities, in well-characterized aged cynomolgus monkeys with cognitive decline. A significantly increased expression of the genes coding for glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), was found in aged-cognitive decline monkeys compared to age-matched healthy controls. GAPDH has been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases and interacts with beta amyloid precursor proteins. These findings provide support for the utilization of cynomolgus macaques in translational preclinical research as valid spontaneous models in experimental investigations of the relationships among aging, cognitive decline, and the neuropathy of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huda S Darusman
- Primate Research Center, Institute of Research and Community Service, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor, Indonesia.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Uus Saepuloh
- Primate Research Center, Institute of Research and Community Service, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Sela S Mariya
- Primate Research Center, Institute of Research and Community Service, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dondin Sajuthi
- Primate Research Center, Institute of Research and Community Service, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor, Indonesia.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Steven J Schapiro
- Department of Comparative Medicine, UTMD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas, USA.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jann Hau
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis in second-grade burn model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:308. [PMID: 34051875 PMCID: PMC8164255 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Deleterious cutaneous tissue damages could result from exposure to thermal trauma, which could be ameliorated structurally and functionally through therapy via the most multipotent progenitor bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). This study aimed to induce burns and examine the effect of BM-MSCs during a short and long period of therapy. Material and methods Ninety albino rats were divided into three groups: group I (control); group II (burn model), the animals were exposed to the preheated aluminum bar at 100°C for 15 s; and group III (the burned animals subcutaneously injected with BM-MSCs (2×106 cells/ ml)); they were clinically observed and sacrificed at different short and long time intervals, and skin samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination and analysis of different wound healing mediators via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results Subcutaneous injection of BM-MSCs resulted in the decrease of the wound contraction rate; the wound having a pinpoint appearance and regular arrangement of the epidermal layer with thin stratum corneum; decrease in the area percentages of ADAMs10 expression; significant downregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and microRNA-21; and marked upregulation of heat shock protein-90α (HSP-90α) especially in late stages. Conclusion BM-MSCs exhibited a powerful healing property through regulating the mediators of wound healing and restoring the normal skin structures, reducing the scar formation and the wound size.
Collapse
|
20
|
Burillo J, Marqués P, Jiménez B, González-Blanco C, Benito M, Guillén C. Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus in Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:1236. [PMID: 34069890 PMCID: PMC8157600 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease that is characterized by the appearance of insulin resistance. The term insulin resistance is very wide and could affect different proteins involved in insulin signaling, as well as other mechanisms. In this review, we have analyzed the main molecular mechanisms that could be involved in the connection between type 2 diabetes and neurodegeneration, in general, and more specifically with the appearance of Alzheimer's disease. We have studied, in more detail, the different processes involved, such as inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Burillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Marqués
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Jiménez
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos González-Blanco
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Benito
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Guillén
- Department of Biochemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.B.); (P.M.); (B.J.); (C.G.-B.); (M.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (MOIR2), General Direction of Universities and Investigation (CCMM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Impact of Gut Microbiome Manipulation in 5xFAD Mice on Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathology. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040815. [PMID: 33924322 PMCID: PMC8069338 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut brain axis seems to modulate various psychiatric and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Growing evidence has led to the assumption that the gut microbiome might contribute to or even present the nucleus of origin for these diseases. In this regard, modifiers of the microbial composition might provide attractive new therapeutics. Aim of our study was to elucidate the effect of a rigorously changed gut microbiome on pathological hallmarks of AD. 5xFAD model mice were treated by antibiotics or probiotics (L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus) for 14 weeks. Pathogenesis was measured by nest building capability and plaque deposition. The gut microbiome was affected as expected: antibiotics significantly reduced viable commensals, while probiotics transiently increased Lactobacillaceae. Nesting score, however, was only improved in antibiotics-treated mice. These animals additionally displayed reduced plaque load in the hippocampus. While various physiological parameters were not affected, blood sugar was reduced and serum glucagon level significantly elevated in the antibiotics-treated animals together with a reduction in the receptor for advanced glycation end products RAGE-the inward transporter of Aβ peptides of the brain. Assumedly, the beneficial effect of the antibiotics was based on their anti-diabetic potential.
Collapse
|
22
|
Acitretin reverses early functional network degradation in a mouse model of familial Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6649. [PMID: 33758244 PMCID: PMC7988040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activity of local functional networks underlies memory and cognition deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hyperactivity was observed in microcircuits of mice AD-models showing plaques, and also recently in early stage AD mutants prior to amyloid deposition. However, early functional effects of AD on cortical microcircuits remain unresolved. Using two-photon calcium imaging, we found altered temporal distributions (burstiness) in the spontaneous activity of layer II/III visual cortex neurons, in a mouse model of familial Alzheimer's disease (5xFAD), before plaque formation. Graph theory (GT) measures revealed a distinct network topology of 5xFAD microcircuits, as compared to healthy controls, suggesting degradation of parameters related to network robustness. After treatment with acitretin, we observed a re-balancing of those network measures in 5xFAD mice; particularly in the mean degree distribution, related to network development and resilience, and post-treatment values resembled those of age-matched controls. Further, behavioral deficits, and the increase of excitatory synapse numbers in layer II/III were reversed after treatment. GT is widely applied for whole-brain network analysis in human neuroimaging, we here demonstrate the translational value of GT as a multi-level tool, to probe networks at different levels in order to assess treatments, explore mechanisms, and contribute to early diagnosis.
Collapse
|
23
|
Molecular Dysfunctions of Mitochondria-Associated Membranes (MAMs) in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249521. [PMID: 33327665 PMCID: PMC7765134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative pathology characterized by a progressive decline of cognitive functions. Alteration of various signaling cascades affecting distinct subcellular compartment functions and their communication likely contribute to AD progression. Among others, the alteration of the physical association between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, also referred as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), impacts various cellular housekeeping functions such as phospholipids-, glucose-, cholesterol-, and fatty-acid-metabolism, as well as calcium signaling, which are all altered in AD. Our review describes the physical and functional proteome crosstalk between the ER and mitochondria and highlights the contribution of distinct molecular components of MAMs to mitochondrial and ER dysfunctions in AD progression. We also discuss potential strategies targeting MAMs to improve mitochondria and ER functions in AD.
Collapse
|
24
|
Target Enzymes Considered for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2010728. [PMID: 33224974 PMCID: PMC7669341 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2010728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Various amyloidogenic proteins have been suggested to be involved in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases (ND) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Particularly, the aggregation of misfolded amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated tau and α-synuclein are linked to the pathogenesis of AD and PD, respectively. In order to care the diseases, multiple small molecules have been developed to regulate the aggregation pathways of these amyloid proteins. In addition to controlling the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins, maintaining the levels of the proteins in the brain by amyloid degrading enzymes (ADE; neprilysin (NEP), insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), and ADAM10) is also essential to cure AD and PD. Therefore, numerous biological molecules and chemical agents have been investigated as either inducer or inhibitor against the levels and activities of ADE. Although the side effect of enhancing the activity of ADE could occur, the removal of amyloidogenic proteins could result in a relatively good strategy to treat AD and PD. Furthermore, since the causes of ND are diverse, various multifunctional (multitarget) chemical agents have been designed to control the actions of multiple risk factors of ND, including amyloidogenic proteins, metal ions, and reactive oxygen species. Many of them, however, were invented without considerations of regulating ADE levels and actions. Incorporation of previously created molecules with the chemical agents handling ADE could be a promising way to treat AD and PD. This review introduces the ADE and molecules capable of modulating the activity and expression of ADE.
Collapse
|
25
|
Bocai NI, Marcora MS, Belfiori-Carrasco LF, Morelli L, Castaño EM. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Tauopathies: Contrasting Human Brain Pathology with Cellular and Animal Models. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 68:439-458. [PMID: 30775999 DOI: 10.3233/jad-181021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation and spreading of protein tau in the human brain are major features of neurodegenerative disorders known as tauopathies. In addition to several subcellular abnormalities, tau aggregation within neurons seems capable of triggering endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the consequent unfolded protein response (UPR). In metazoans, full activation of a complex ER-UPR network may restore proteostasis and ER function or, if stress cannot be solved, commit cells to apoptosis. Due to these alternative outcomes (survival or death), the pharmacological manipulation of ER-UPR has become the focus of potential therapies in many human diseases, including tauopathies. Here we update and analyze the experimental data from human brain, cellular, and animal models linking tau accumulation and ER-UPR. We further discuss mechanistic aspects and put the ER-UPR into perspective as a possible therapeutic target in this group of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia I Bocai
- Laboratory of Amyloidosis and Neurodegeneration, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María S Marcora
- Laboratory of Amyloidosis and Neurodegeneration, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lautaro F Belfiori-Carrasco
- Laboratory of Amyloidosis and Neurodegeneration, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Morelli
- Laboratory of Amyloidosis and Neurodegeneration, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo M Castaño
- Laboratory of Amyloidosis and Neurodegeneration, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Uddin MS, Tewari D, Sharma G, Kabir MT, Barreto GE, Bin-Jumah MN, Perveen A, Abdel-Daim MM, Ashraf GM. Molecular Mechanisms of ER Stress and UPR in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2902-2919. [PMID: 32430843 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving aggregation of misfolded proteins inside the neuron causing prolonged cellular stress. The neuropathological hallmarks of AD include the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in specific brain regions that lead to synaptic loss and neuronal death. The exact mechanism of neuron dysfunction in AD remains obscure. In recent years, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction has been implicated in neuronal degeneration seen in AD. Apart from AD, many other diseases also involve misfolded proteins aggregations in the ER, a condition referred to as ER stress. The response of the cell to ER stress is to activate a group of signaling pathways called unfolded protein response (UPR) that stimulates a particular transcriptional program to restore ER function and ensure cell survival. ER stress also involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that, together with mitochondrial ROS and decreased effectiveness of antioxidant mechanisms, producing a condition of chronic oxidative stress. The unfolded proteins may not always produce a response that leads to the restoration of cellular functions, but they may also lead to inflammation by a set of different pathways with deleterious consequences. In this review, we extensively discuss the role of ER stress and how to target it using different pharmacological approaches in AD development and onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Physiology, AIIMS Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - May N Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Leong YQ, Ng KY, Chye SM, Ling APK, Koh RY. Mechanisms of action of amyloid-beta and its precursor protein in neuronal cell death. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:11-30. [PMID: 31811496 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are the neuropathological findings of the Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on the amyloid cascade hypothesis, the main component of senile plaques, the amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, and its derivative called amyloid precursor protein (APP) both have been found to place their central roles in AD development for years. However, the recent therapeutics have yet to reverse or halt this disease. Previous evidence demonstrates that the accumulation of Aβ peptides and APP can exert neurotoxicity and ultimately neuronal cell death. Hence, we discuss the mechanisms of excessive production of Aβ peptides and APP serving as pathophysiologic stimuli for the initiation of various cell signalling pathways including apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis and autophagy which lead to neuronal cell death. Conversely, the activation of such pathways could also result in the abnormal generation of APP and Aβ peptides. An elucidation of actions of APP and its metabolite, Aβ, could be vital in suggesting novel therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qi Leong
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khuen Yen Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anna Pick Kiong Ling
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Heydari S, Hedayati Ch M, Saadat F, Abedinzade M, Nikokar I, Aboutaleb E, Khafri A, Mokarram AR. Diphtheria toxoid nanoparticles improve learning and memory impairment in animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 72:814-826. [PMID: 32048245 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving memory. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of encapsulated diphtheria toxoid (DT) on behavioral learning impairment, and XBP1 mRNA splicing in AD. METHODS A DT-loaded nanoparticle (NP) carrier was prepared using the ionic gelation method. Sixty-three rats were divided into nine groups: (1) healthy, (2-4) sham, and (5-9) AD models: (5) AD was induced by intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid beta (Aβ) 1-42. (6) The rats received a subcutaneous diphtheria vaccine only 28 days before Aβ injection. (7) The rats received an intranasal diphtheria vaccine, in group 8, induced by administering empty chitosan NPs. 9) it was induced by administering chitosan NPs carrying DT. Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to examine the animals' learning and memory. Also, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP-1) mRNA gene splicing was studied in the hippocampus by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS For the first time, chitosan NPs were prepared with an average diameter size of 40 nm and the effectiveness of approximately 70% during DT encapsulation. In comparison with the healthy group, the AD models exhibited significant impairment of learning and memory (P < 0.05), while DT-administrated animals showed significant improvements in learning and memory impairment (P < 0.05). XBP-1 mRNA gene splicing was only detected in an untreated AD group, while encapsulated DT completely inhibited splicing. CONCLUSION The therapeutic effects of DT chitosan NPs against learning and memory impairment were observed in this study, and XBP1 mRNA splicing was reported in the animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samane Heydari
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hedayati Ch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farshid Saadat
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmood Abedinzade
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Iraj Nikokar
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ehsan Aboutaleb
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Khafri
- Quality Control of Bacterial and Parasitic Vaccine Department, Quality Control Management, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaei Mokarram
- Quality Control of Bacterial and Parasitic Vaccine Department, Quality Control Management, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Constitutive XBP-1s-mediated activation of the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response protects against pathological tau. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4443. [PMID: 31570707 PMCID: PMC6768869 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To endure over the organismal lifespan, neurons utilize multiple strategies to achieve protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Some homeostatic mechanisms act in a subcellular compartment-specific manner, but others exhibit trans-compartmental mechanisms of proteostasis. To identify pathways protecting neurons from pathological tau protein, we employed a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of human tauopathy exhibiting proteostatic disruption. We show normal functioning of the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPRER) promotes clearance of pathological tau, and loss of the three UPRER branches differentially affects tauopathy phenotypes. Loss of function of xbp-1 and atf-6 genes, the two main UPRER transcription factors, exacerbates tau toxicity. Furthermore, constitutive activation of master transcription factor XBP-1 ameliorates tauopathy phenotypes. However, both ATF6 and PERK branches of the UPRER participate in amelioration of tauopathy by constitutively active XBP-1, possibly through endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Understanding how the UPRER modulates pathological tau accumulation will inform neurodegenerative disease mechanisms.
Collapse
|
30
|
Frere S, Slutsky I. Alzheimer's Disease: From Firing Instability to Homeostasis Network Collapse. Neuron 2019; 97:32-58. [PMID: 29301104 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) starts from pure cognitive impairments and gradually progresses into degeneration of specific brain circuits. Although numerous factors initiating AD have been extensively studied, the common principles underlying the transition from cognitive deficits to neuronal loss remain unknown. Here we describe an evolutionarily conserved, integrated homeostatic network (IHN) that enables functional stability of central neural circuits and safeguards from neurodegeneration. We identify the critical modules comprising the IHN and propose a central role of neural firing in controlling the complex homeostatic network at different spatial scales. We hypothesize that firing instability and impaired synaptic plasticity at early AD stages trigger a vicious cycle, leading to dysregulation of the whole IHN. According to this hypothesis, the IHN collapse represents the major driving force of the transition from early memory impairments to neurodegeneration. Understanding the core elements of homeostatic control machinery, the reciprocal connections between distinct IHN modules, and the role of firing homeostasis in this hierarchy has important implications for physiology and should offer novel conceptual approaches for AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Frere
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inna Slutsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim JE, Park JJ, Lee MR, Choi JY, Song BR, Park JW, Kang MJ, Son HJ, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Constipation in Tg2576 mice model for Alzheimer's disease associated with dysregulation of mechanism involving the mAChR signaling pathway and ER stress response. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215205. [PMID: 30978260 PMCID: PMC6461235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although constipation has been researched in various neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and spinal cord injury (SCI), the pathological mechanism of this symptom has not been investigated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with loss of nerve cells in the brain. This study was undertaken to gain scientific evidences for a molecular correlation between constipation and AD. METHODS To understand the etiology, we measured alterations in various constipation parameters, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, in 11-month-old Tg2576 transgenic (Tg) mice showing AD-like phenotypes. RESULTS A high accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides, a key marker of AD pathology, were detected in the cortex and hippocampus of Tg mice. Furthermore, significant alterations were observed in various constipation parameters including stool weight, histological structure, cytological structure and mucin secretion in Tg2576 mice. Moreover, M2 and M3 expression and the downstream signaling pathways of mAChRs were decreased in the Tg group, as compared with non-Tg (NT) group. Furthermore, activation of ER stress proteins and alteration of ER structure were also detected in the same group. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study provide strong novel evidence that the neuropathological constipation detected in Tg2576 mice is linked to dysregulation of the mAChR signaling pathways and ER stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jin Ju Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Mi Rim Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jun Young Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Bo Ram Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Mi Ju Kang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Hong Joo Son
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hashimoto S, Saido TC. Critical review: involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.180024. [PMID: 29695619 PMCID: PMC5936719 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.180024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is regarded as an important process in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The accumulation of pathogenic misfolded proteins and the disruption of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signalling are considered to be fundamental mechanisms that underlie the induction of ER stress, leading to neuronal cell death. Indeed, a number of studies have proposed molecular mechanisms linking ER stress to AD pathogenesis based on results from in vitro systems and AD mouse models. However, stress responsivity was largely different between each mouse model, even though all of these models display AD-related pathologies. While several reports have shown elevated ER stress responses in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 (PS1) double-transgenic (Tg) AD mouse models, we and other groups, in contrast, observed no such ER stress response in APP-single-Tg or App-knockin mice. Therefore, it is debatable whether the ER stress observed in APP and PS1 double-Tg mice is due to AD pathology. From these findings, the roles of ER stress in AD pathogenesis needs to be carefully addressed in future studies. In this review, we summarize research detailing the relationship between ER stress and AD, and analyse the results in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Hashimoto
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Reinhardt S, Schuck F, Stoye N, Hartmann T, Grimm MOW, Pflugfelder G, Endres K. Transcriptional repression of the ectodomain sheddase ADAM10 by TBX2 and potential implication for Alzheimer's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1005-1025. [PMID: 30599067 PMCID: PMC11105458 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ADAM10-mediated cleavage of transmembrane proteins regulates cellular processes such as proliferation or migration. Substrate cleavage by ADAM10 has also been implicated in pathological situations such as cancer or Morbus Alzheimer. Therefore, identifying endogenous molecules, which modulate the amount and consequently the activity of ADAM10, might contribute to a deeper understanding of the enzyme's role in both, physiology and pathology. METHOD To elucidate the underlying cellular mechanism of the TBX2-mediated repression of ADAM10 gene expression, we performed overexpression, RNAi-mediated knockdown and pharmacological inhibition studies in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Expression analysis was conducted by e.g. real-time RT-PCR or western blot techniques. To identify the binding region of TBX2 within the ADAM10 promoter, we used luciferase reporter assay on deletion constructs and EMSA/WEMSA experiments. In addition, we analyzed a TBX2 loss-of-function Drosophila model regarding the expression of ADAM10 orthologs by qPCR. Furthermore, we quantified the mRNA level of TBX2 in post-mortem brain tissue of AD patients. RESULTS Here, we report TBX2 as a transcriptional repressor of ADAM10 gene expression: both, the DNA-binding domain and the repression domain of TBX2 were necessary to effect transcriptional repression of ADAM10 in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. This regulatory mechanism required HDAC1 as a co-factor of TBX2. Transcriptional repression was mediated by two functional TBX2 binding sites within the core promoter sequence (- 315 to - 286 bp). Analysis of a TBX2 loss-of-function Drosophila model revealed that kuzbanian and kuzbanian-like, orthologs of ADAM10, were derepressed compared to wild type. Vice versa, analysis of cortical brain samples of AD-patients, which showed reduced ADAM10 mRNA levels, revealed a 2.5-fold elevation of TBX2, while TBX3 and TBX21 levels were not affected. CONCLUSION Our results characterize TBX2 as a repressor of ADAM10 gene expression and suggest that this regulatory interaction is conserved across tissues and species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Reinhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Strasse 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Schuck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Strasse 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicolai Stoye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Strasse 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Deutsches Institut für Demenz Prävention (DIDP), Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, Saarland University, Kirrbergerstrasse 1, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrbergerstrasse 1, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Marcus O W Grimm
- Deutsches Institut für Demenz Prävention (DIDP), Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, Saarland University, Kirrbergerstrasse 1, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrbergerstrasse 1, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Gert Pflugfelder
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Becherweg 32, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Strasse 8, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Long JM, Maloney B, Rogers JT, Lahiri DK. Novel upregulation of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by microRNA-346 via targeting of APP mRNA 5'-untranslated region: Implications in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:345-363. [PMID: 30470799 PMCID: PMC6514885 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the devastating symptoms of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by accumulation of the processing products of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide precursor protein (APP). APP's non-pathogenic functions include regulating intracellular iron (Fe) homeostasis. MicroRNAs are small (~ 20 nucleotides) RNA species that instill specificity to the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In most cases, RISC inhibits mRNA translation through the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) sequence. By contrast, we report a novel activity of miR-346: specifically, that it targets the APP mRNA 5'-UTR to upregulate APP translation and Aβ production. This upregulation is reduced but not eliminated by knockdown of argonaute 2. The target site for miR-346 overlaps with active sites for an iron-responsive element (IRE) and an interleukin-1 (IL-1) acute box element. IREs interact with iron response protein1 (IRP1), an iron-dependent translational repressor. In primary human brain cultures, miR-346 activity required chelation of Fe. In addition, miR-346 levels are altered in late-Braak stage AD. Thus, miR-346 plays a role in upregulation of APP in the CNS and participates in maintaining APP regulation of Fe, which is disrupted in late stages of AD. Further work will be necessary to integrate other metals, and IL-1 into the Fe-miR-346 activity network. We, thus, propose a "FeAR" (Fe, APP, RNA) nexus in the APP 5'-UTR that includes an overlapping miR-346-binding site and the APP IRE. When a "healthy FeAR" exists, activities of miR-346 and IRP/Fe interact to maintain APP homeostasis. Disruption of an element that targets the FeAR nexus would lead to pathogenic disruption of APP translation and protein production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Long
- 0000 0001 2287 3919grid.257413.6Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Bryan Maloney
- 0000 0001 2287 3919grid.257413.6Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,0000 0001 2287 3919grid.257413.6Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Jack T. Rogers
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry-Neuroscience, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA
| | - Debomoy K. Lahiri
- 0000 0001 2287 3919grid.257413.6Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,0000 0001 2287 3919grid.257413.6Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,0000 0001 2287 3919grid.257413.6Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,0000 0001 2287 3919grid.257413.6Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Miyoshi A, Koyama S, Sasagawa-Monden M, Kadoya M, Konishi K, Shoji T, Inaba M, Yamamoto Y, Koyama H. JNK and ATF4 as two important platforms for tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated shedding of receptor for advanced glycation end products. FASEB J 2018; 33:3575-3589. [PMID: 30452882 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701553rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), shed from cell surfaces, is found in human circulation and has been implicated in cardiovascular disease. Its pathophysiological regulation and underlying mechanisms are scarcely understood. In endothelium-specific human RAGE transgenic mice, human sRAGE was detected in circulation, whereas its level was markedly increased after LPS treatment. That increase was preceded by a rapid rise in TNF-α level. Treatment with TNF-α also significantly increased serum sRAGE. In human microvascular endothelial cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells with RAGE overexpression, TNF-α markedly induced RAGE shedding, which was dependent on MMP9 and ADAM10. TNF-α-stimulated MMP9 expression was completely dependent on JNK activation, with its inhibition partially effective in suppressing TNF-α-induced RAGE shedding. In contrast, TNF-α transiently induced activation transcription factor (ATF)4, a major component in unfolded protein response (UPR), whereas knockdown of ATF4 abrogated TNF-α-stimulated RAGE shedding. Protein levels of the pro and activated forms of ADAM10 were also decreased by ATF4 knockdown, whereas inhibition of other components of UPR, including XBP1 and ATF6, failed to block TNF-α-stimulated RAGE shedding. Although the endoplasmic reticulum stressors thapsigargin and tunicamycin induced markedly and sustained expression of ATF4 and XBP-1, they did not induce RAGE shedding to the same level as TNF-α, suggesting that ATF4 is necessary but not sufficient alone for TNF-α-mediated RAGE shedding. ATF4 inhibition did not affect TNF-α-stimulated MMP9 expression, whereas inhibition of JNK activity did not influence ADAM10 activation. Thus, inflammatory cascades including TNF-α induced RAGE shedding in endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. JNK and ATF4 may be 2 platforms for regulation of TNF-α-stimulated RAGE shedding.-Miyoshi, A., Koyama, S., Sasagawa-Monden, M., Kadoya, M., Konishi, K., Shoji, T., Inaba, M., Yamamoto, Y., Koyama, H. JNK and ATF4 as two important platforms for tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated shedding of receptor for advanced glycation end products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akio Miyoshi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Sachie Koyama
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Masayo Sasagawa-Monden
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.,Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and
| | - Manabu Kadoya
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Konishi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Takuhito Shoji
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Masaaki Inaba
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hidenori Koyama
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cellular sheddases are induced by Merkel cell polyomavirus small tumour antigen to mediate cell dissociation and invasiveness. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007276. [PMID: 30188954 PMCID: PMC6143273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer with a high propensity for recurrence and metastasis. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is recognised as the causative factor in the majority of MCC cases. The MCPyV small tumour antigen (ST) is considered to be the main viral transforming factor, however potential mechanisms linking ST expression to the highly metastatic nature of MCC are yet to be fully elucidated. Metastasis is a complex process, with several discrete steps required for the formation of secondary tumour sites. One essential trait that underpins the ability of cancer cells to metastasise is how they interact with adjoining tumour cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix. Here we demonstrate that MCPyV ST expression disrupts the integrity of cell-cell junctions, thereby enhancing cell dissociation and implicate the cellular sheddases, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 10 and 17 proteins in this process. Inhibition of ADAM 10 and 17 activity reduced MCPyV ST-induced cell dissociation and motility, attributing their function as critical to the MCPyV-induced metastatic processes. Consistent with these data, we confirm that ADAM 10 and 17 are upregulated in MCPyV-positive primary MCC tumours. These novel findings implicate cellular sheddases as key host cell factors contributing to virus-mediated cellular transformation and metastasis. Notably, ADAM protein expression may be a novel biomarker of MCC prognosis and given the current interest in cellular sheddase inhibitors for cancer therapeutics, it highlights ADAM 10 and 17 activity as a novel opportunity for targeted interventions for disseminated MCC.
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
As a member of the A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family, ADAM10 has been identified as the constitutive α-secretase in the process of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) cleavage and plays a critical role in reducing the generation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Recent studies have demonstrated its beneficial role in alleviating the pathologic impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) both in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of ADAM10 in AD and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not well established. Increasing evidence indicates that ADAM10 not only reduces the generation of Aβ but may also affect the pathology of AD through potential mechanisms including reducing tau pathology, maintaining normal synaptic functions, and promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and the homeostasis of neuronal networks. Mechanistically, ADAM10 regulates these functions by interacting with postsynaptic substrates in brain, especially synaptic cell receptors and adhesion molecules. Furthermore, ADAM10 protein in platelets seems to be a promising biomarker for AD diagnosis. This review will summarize the role of ADAM10 in AD and highlight its functions besides its role as the α-secretase in AβPP cleavage. Meanwhile, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of ADAM10 in treating AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sen Sun
- Qingdao Blood Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen-Chen Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
XBP1 and PERK Have Distinct Roles in Aβ-Induced Pathology. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7523-7532. [PMID: 29427089 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggers multiple cellular signals to restore cellular function or induce proapoptosis that is altered in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the role of ER stress in β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced AD pathology remains elusive, and data obtained from different animal models and under different experimental conditions are sometimes controversial. The current study conducted in vivo genetic experiments to systematically examine the distinct role of each ER stress effector during disease progression. Our results indicated that inositol-requiring enzyme 1 was activated before protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) activation in Aβ42 transgenic flies. Proteasome activity played a key role in this sequential activation. Furthermore, our study separated learning deficits from early degeneration in Aβ-induced impairment by demonstrating that X-box binding protein 1 overexpression at an early stage reversed Aβ-induced early death without affecting learning performance in the Aβ42 transgenic flies. PERK activation was determined to only enhance Aβ-induced learning deficits. Moreover, proteasome overactivation was determined to delay PERK activation and improve learning deficits. Altogether, the findings of this study demonstrate the complex roles of ER stress during Aβ pathogenesis and the possibility of using different ER stress effectors as reporters to indicate the status of disease progression.
Collapse
|
39
|
Alpha-Secretase ADAM10 Regulation: Insights into Alzheimer's Disease Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11010012. [PMID: 29382156 PMCID: PMC5874708 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) is a family of widely expressed, transmembrane and secreted proteins of approximately 750 amino acids in length with functions in cell adhesion and proteolytic processing of the ectodomains of diverse cell-surface receptors and signaling molecules. ADAM10 is the main α-secretase that cleaves APP (amyloid precursor protein) in the non-amyloidogenic pathway inhibiting the formation of β-amyloid peptide, whose accumulation and aggregation leads to neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ADAM10 is a membrane-anchored metalloprotease that sheds, besides APP, the ectodomain of a large variety of cell-surface proteins including cytokines, adhesion molecules and notch. APP cleavage by ADAM10 results in the production of an APP-derived fragment, sAPPα, which is neuroprotective. As increased ADAM10 activity protects the brain from β-amyloid deposition in AD, this strategy has been proved to be effective in treating neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. Here, we describe the physiological mechanisms regulating ADAM10 expression at different levels, aiming to propose strategies for AD treatment. We report in this review on the physiological regulation of ADAM10 at the transcriptional level, by epigenetic factors, miRNAs and/or translational and post-translational levels. In addition, we describe the conditions that can change ADAM10 expression in vitro and in vivo, and discuss how this knowledge may help in AD treatment. Regulation of ADAM10 is achieved by multiple mechanisms that include transcriptional, translational and post-translational strategies, which we will summarize in this review.
Collapse
|
40
|
Reinhardt S, Stoye N, Luderer M, Kiefer F, Schmitt U, Lieb K, Endres K. Identification of disulfiram as a secretase-modulating compound with beneficial effects on Alzheimer's disease hallmarks. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1329. [PMID: 29358714 PMCID: PMC5778060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM10 is a metalloproteinase acting on the amyloid precursor protein (APP) as an alpha-secretase in neurons. Its enzymatic activity results in secretion of a neuroprotective APP cleavage product (sAPP-alpha) and prevents formation of the amyloidogenic A-beta peptides, major hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Elevated ADAM10 levels appeared to contribute to attenuation of A-beta-plaque formation and learning and memory deficits in AD mouse models. Therefore, it has been assumed that ADAM10 might represent a valuable target in AD therapy. Here we screened a FDA-approved drug library and identified disulfiram as a novel ADAM10 gene expression enhancer. Disulfiram increased ADAM10 production as well as sAPP-alpha in SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells and additionally prevented A-beta aggregation in an in vitro assay in a dose-dependent fashion. In addition, acute disulfiram treatment of Alzheimer model mice induced ADAM10 expression in peripheral blood cells, reduced plaque-burden in the dentate gyrus and ameliorated behavioral deficits. Alcohol-dependent patients are subjected to disulfiram-treatment to discourage alcohol-consumption. In such patients, enhancement of ADAM10 by disulfiram-treatment was demonstrated in peripheral blood cells. Our data suggest that disulfiram could be repurposed as an ADAM10 enhancer and AD therapeutic. However, efficacy and safety has to be analyzed in Alzheimer patients in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Reinhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicolai Stoye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mathias Luderer
- Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Central Institute of Mental Health (CIMH), Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristina Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Alzheimer's disease pathology and the unfolded protein response: prospective pathways and therapeutic targets. Behav Pharmacol 2018; 28:161-178. [PMID: 28252521 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Many vital interdependent cellular functions including proteostasis, lipogenesis and Ca homeostasis are executed by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Exogenous insults can impair ER performance: this must be rapidly corrected or cell death will ensue. Protective adaptations can boost the functional capacity of the ER and form the basis of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Activated in response to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, the UPR can halt protein translation while increasing protein-handling chaperones and the degradation of erroneous proteins through a conserved three-tier molecular cascade. However, prolonged activation of the UPR can result in the maladaptation of the system, resulting in the activation of inflammatory and apoptotic effectors. Recently, UPR and its involvement in neurodegenerative disease has attracted much interest and numerous potentially 'drugable' points of crosstalk are now emerging. Here, we summarize the functions of the ER and UPR, and highlight evidence for its potential role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, before discussing several key targets with therapeutic potential.
Collapse
|
42
|
Hashimoto S, Ishii A, Kamano N, Watamura N, Saito T, Ohshima T, Yokosuka M, Saido TC. Endoplasmic reticulum stress responses in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease: Overexpression paradigm versus knockin paradigm. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3118-3125. [PMID: 29298895 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.811315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is believed to play an important role in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The accumulation of misfolded proteins and perturbation of intracellular calcium homeostasis are thought to underlie the induction of ER stress, resulting in neuronal dysfunction and cell death. Several reports have shown an increased ER stress response in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin1 (PS1) double-transgenic (Tg) AD mouse models. However, whether the ER stress observed in these mouse models is actually caused by AD pathology remains unclear. APP and PS1 contain one and nine transmembrane domains, respectively, for which it has been postulated that overexpressed membrane proteins can become wedged in a misfolded configuration in ER membranes, thereby inducing nonspecific ER stress. Here, we used an App-knockin (KI) AD mouse model that accumulates amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide without overexpressing APP to investigate whether the ER stress response is heightened because of Aβ pathology. Thorough examinations indicated that no ER stress responses arose in App-KI or single APP-Tg mice. These results suggest that PS1 overexpression or mutation induced a nonspecific ER stress response that was independent of Aβ pathology in the double-Tg mice. Moreover, we observed no ER stress in a mouse model of tauopathy (P301S-Tau-Tg mice) at various ages, suggesting that ER stress is also not essential in tau pathology-induced neurodegeneration. We conclude that the role of ER stress in AD pathogenesis needs to be carefully addressed in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Hashimoto
- From the Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan,
| | - Ayano Ishii
- From the Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino-City, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Naoko Kamano
- From the Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoto Watamura
- From the Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan, and
| | - Takashi Saito
- From the Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Toshio Ohshima
- Laboratory for Molecular Brain Science, Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan, and
| | - Makoto Yokosuka
- Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino-City, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- From the Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-City, Saitama 351-0198, Japan,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gerakis Y, Hetz C. Emerging roles of ER stress in the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. FEBS J 2017; 285:995-1011. [PMID: 29148236 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by synaptic dysfunction and accumulation of abnormal aggregates formed by amyloid-β peptides or phosphorylated tau proteins. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in the buffering capacity of the proteostasis network are a salient feature of AD. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main compartment involved in protein folding and secretion and is drastically affected in AD neurons. ER stress triggers the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signal transduction pathway that enforces adaptive programs to recover homeostasis or trigger apoptosis of irreversibly damaged cells. Experimental manipulation of specific UPR signaling modules in preclinical models of AD has revealed a key role of this pathway in regulating protein misfolding and neurodegeneration. Recent studies suggest that the UPR also influences synaptic plasticity and memory through ER stress-independent mechanisms. Consequently, targeting of the UPR in AD is emerging as an interesting therapeutic approach to modify the two pillars of AD, protein misfolding and synaptic failure. Here, we review the functional role of ER stress signaling in AD, discussing the complex involvement of the pathway in controlling neuronal survival, the amyloid cascade, neurodegeneration and synaptic function. Recent intervention efforts to target the UPR with pharmacological and gene therapy strategies are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannis Gerakis
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.,Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cissé M, Duplan E, Lorivel T, Dunys J, Bauer C, Meckler X, Gerakis Y, Lauritzen I, Checler F. The transcription factor XBP1s restores hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory by control of the Kalirin-7 pathway in Alzheimer model. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1562-1575. [PMID: 27646263 PMCID: PMC5658671 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal network dysfunction and cognitive decline constitute the most prominent features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), although mechanisms causing such impairments are yet to be determined. Here we report that virus-mediated delivery of the active spliced transcription factor X-Box binding protein 1s (XBP1s) in the hippocampus rescued spine density, synaptic plasticity and memory function in a mouse model of AD. XBP1s transcriptionally activated Kalirin-7 (Kal7), a protein that controls synaptic plasticity. In addition, we found reduced levels of Kal7 in primary neurons exposed to Aβ oligomers, transgenic mouse models and human AD brains. Short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of Kal7 altered synaptic plasticity and memory formation in naive mice. Further, reduction of endogenous Kal7 compromised the beneficial effects of XBP1s in Alzheimer's model. Hence, our findings reveal that XBP1s is neuroprotective through a mechanism that engages Kal7 pathway with therapeutic implications in AD pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Cissé
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France,Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, NEUROLOGY, IPMC/CNRS, 660 Route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France. E-mail:
| | - E Duplan
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - T Lorivel
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - J Dunys
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - C Bauer
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - X Meckler
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Y Gerakis
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - I Lauritzen
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - F Checler
- Université de Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR7275, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Martin-Jiménez CA, García-Vega Á, Cabezas R, Aliev G, Echeverria V, González J, Barreto GE. Astrocytes and endoplasmic reticulum stress: A bridge between obesity and neurodegenerative diseases. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 158:45-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
46
|
Sekiya M, Maruko-Otake A, Hearn S, Sakakibara Y, Fujisaki N, Suzuki E, Ando K, Iijima KM. EDEM Function in ERAD Protects against Chronic ER Proteinopathy and Age-Related Physiological Decline in Drosophila. Dev Cell 2017. [PMID: 28633019 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR), which protects cells against accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, is induced in several age-associated degenerative diseases. However, sustained UPR activation has negative effects on cellular functions and may worsen disease symptoms. It remains unknown whether and how UPR components can be utilized to counteract chronic ER proteinopathies. We found that promotion of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) through upregulation of ERAD-enhancing α-mannosidase-like proteins (EDEMs) protected against chronic ER proteinopathy without inducing toxicity in a Drosophila model. ERAD activity in the brain decreased with aging, and upregulation of EDEMs suppressed age-dependent behavioral decline and extended the lifespan without affecting the UPR gene expression network. Intriguingly, EDEM mannosidase activity was dispensable for these protective effects. Therefore, upregulation of EDEM function in the ERAD protects against ER proteinopathy in vivo and thus represents a potential therapeutic target for chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Sekiya
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Akiko Maruko-Otake
- Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Stephen Hearn
- Microscopy Shared Resource, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Yasufumi Sakakibara
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujisaki
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Experimental Gerontology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467-0027, Japan
| | - Emiko Suzuki
- Structural Biology Center, National Institute of Genetics and Gene Network Laboratory, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Kanae Ando
- Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Koichi M Iijima
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Experimental Gerontology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467-0027, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Duran-Aniotz C, Cornejo VH, Espinoza S, Ardiles ÁO, Medinas DB, Salazar C, Foley A, Gajardo I, Thielen P, Iwawaki T, Scheper W, Soto C, Palacios AG, Hoozemans JJM, Hetz C. IRE1 signaling exacerbates Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 134:489-506. [PMID: 28341998 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Altered proteostasis is a salient feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), highlighting the occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and abnormal protein aggregation. ER stress triggers the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signaling pathway that enforces adaptive programs to sustain proteostasis or eliminate terminally damaged cells. IRE1 is an ER-located kinase and endoribonuclease that operates as a major stress transducer, mediating both adaptive and proapoptotic programs under ER stress. IRE1 signaling controls the expression of the transcription factor XBP1, in addition to degrade several RNAs. Importantly, a polymorphism in the XBP1 promoter was suggested as a risk factor to develop AD. Here, we demonstrate a positive correlation between the progression of AD histopathology and the activation of IRE1 in human brain tissue. To define the significance of the UPR to AD, we targeted IRE1 expression in a transgenic mouse model of AD. Despite initial expectations that IRE1 signaling may protect against AD, genetic ablation of the RNase domain of IRE1 in the nervous system significantly reduced amyloid deposition, the content of amyloid β oligomers, and astrocyte activation. IRE1 deficiency fully restored the learning and memory capacity of AD mice, associated with improved synaptic function and improved long-term potentiation (LTP). At the molecular level, IRE1 deletion reduced the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in cortical and hippocampal areas of AD mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated that inhibition of IRE1 downstream signaling reduces APP steady-state levels, associated with its retention at the ER followed by proteasome-mediated degradation. Our findings uncovered an unanticipated role of IRE1 in the pathogenesis of AD, offering a novel target for disease intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Duran-Aniotz
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Sector B, second floor), University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victor Hugo Cornejo
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Sector B, second floor), University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Espinoza
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Sector B, second floor), University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile
| | - Álvaro O Ardiles
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Danilo B Medinas
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Sector B, second floor), University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Salazar
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Andrew Foley
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Sector B, second floor), University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ivana Gajardo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Peter Thielen
- Department of Immunology and Infectious diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Division of Cell Medicine, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Wiep Scheper
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudio Soto
- Department of Neurology, Mitchell Center for Alzheimer's disease and Related Brain Disorders, The University of Texas Houston Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adrian G Palacios
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso, Universidad de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Jeroen J M Hoozemans
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (Sector B, second floor), University of Chile, Independencia 1027, P.O.BOX 70086, Santiago, Chile.
- Department of Immunology and Infectious diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sasaguri H, Nilsson P, Hashimoto S, Nagata K, Saito T, De Strooper B, Hardy J, Vassar R, Winblad B, Saido TC. APP mouse models for Alzheimer's disease preclinical studies. EMBO J 2017; 36:2473-2487. [PMID: 28768718 PMCID: PMC5579350 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 445] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of human diseases that accurately recapitulate clinical pathology are indispensable for understanding molecular mechanisms and advancing preclinical studies. The Alzheimer's disease (AD) research community has historically used first‐generation transgenic (Tg) mouse models that overexpress proteins linked to familial AD (FAD), mutant amyloid precursor protein (APP), or APP and presenilin (PS). These mice exhibit AD pathology, but the overexpression paradigm may cause additional phenotypes unrelated to AD. Second‐generation mouse models contain humanized sequences and clinical mutations in the endogenous mouse App gene. These mice show Aβ accumulation without phenotypes related to overexpression but are not yet a clinical recapitulation of human AD. In this review, we evaluate different APP mouse models of AD, and review recent studies using the second‐generation mice. We advise AD researchers to consider the comparative strengths and limitations of each model against the scientific and therapeutic goal of a prospective preclinical study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sasaguri
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan .,Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Per Nilsson
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Shoko Hashimoto
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nagata
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| | - Takashi Saito
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan.,Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Bart De Strooper
- Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK.,Department for Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John Hardy
- Reta Lila Research Laboratories and the Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Robert Vassar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kishino A, Hayashi K, Hidai C, Masuda T, Nomura Y, Oshima T. XBP1-FoxO1 interaction regulates ER stress-induced autophagy in auditory cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4442. [PMID: 28667325 PMCID: PMC5493624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship among X-box-binding protein 1 unspliced, spliced (XBP1u, s), Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and autophagy in the auditory cells under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In addition, the relationship between ER stress that causes unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy was also investigated. The present study reported ER stress induction by tunicamycin treatment that resulted in IRE1α-mediated XBP1 mRNA splicing and autophagy. XBP1 mRNA splicing and FoxO1 were found to be involved in ER stress-induced autophagy. This inference was based on the observation that the expression of LC3-II was suppressed by knockdown of IRE1α, XBP1 or FoxO1. In addition, XBP1u was found to interact with XBP1s in auditory cells under ER stress, functioning as a negative feedback regulator that was based on two important findings. Firstly, there was a significant inverse correlation between XBP1u and XBP1s expressions, and secondly, the expression of XBP1 protein showed different dynamics compared to the XBP1 mRNA level. Furthermore, our results regarding the relationship between XBP1 and FoxO1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) paradoxically showed negative regulation of FoxO1 expression by XBP1. Our findings revealed that the XBP1-FoxO1 interaction regulated the ER stress-induced autophagy in auditory cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kishino
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Ken Hayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kamio Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, 101-0063, Japan
| | - Chiaki Hidai
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nomura
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oshima
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wetzel S, Seipold L, Saftig P. The metalloproteinase ADAM10: A useful therapeutic target? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017. [PMID: 28624438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Proteolytic cleavage represents a unique and irreversible posttranslational event regulating the function and half-life of many intracellular and extracellular proteins. The metalloproteinase ADAM10 has raised attention since it cleaves an increasing number of protein substrates close to the extracellular membrane leaflet. This "ectodomain shedding" regulates the turnover of a number of transmembrane proteins involved in cell adhesion and receptor signaling. It can initiate intramembrane proteolysis followed by nuclear transport and signaling of the cytoplasmic domain. ADAM10 has also been implicated in human disorders ranging from neurodegeneration to dysfunction of the immune system and cancer. Targeting proteases for therapeutic purposes remains a challenge since these enzymes including ADAM10 have a wide range of substrates. Accelerating or inhibiting a specific protease activity is in most cases associated with unwanted side effects and a therapeutic useful window of application has to be carefully defined. A better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling the expression, subcellular localization and activity of ADAM10 will likely uncover suitable drug targets which will allow a more specific and fine-tuned modulation of its proteolytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wetzel
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lisa Seipold
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institut für Biochemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|