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Kong Y, Zhang Q, Wang S, Li R, Fu C, Wei Q. Mitochondrial metabolism regulated macrophage phenotype in myocardial infarction. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 180:117494. [PMID: 39321509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide, with myocardial infarction (MI) being the primary contributor to mortality and disability associated with CVD. Reperfusion therapies are widely recognized as effective strategies for treating MI. However, while intended to restore blood flow, the reperfusion processes paradoxically initiate a series of pathophysiological events that worsen myocardial injury, resulting in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Therefore, there is a pressing need for new treatment strategies to reduce the size of MI and enhance cardiac function post-infarction. Macrophages are crucial for maintaining homeostasis and mitigating undesirable remodeling following MI. Extensive research has established a strong link between cellular metabolism and macrophage function. In the context of MI, macrophages undergo adaptive metabolic reprogramming to mount an immune response. Moreover, mitochondrial metabolism in macrophages is evident, leading to significant changes in their metabolism. Therefore, we need to delve deeper into summarizing and understanding the relationship and role between mitochondrial metabolism and macrophage phenotype, and summarize existing treatment methods. In this review, we explore the role of mitochondria in shaping the macrophage phenotype and function. Additionally, we summarize current therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating mitochondrial metabolism of macrophages, which may offer new insights treating of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youli Kong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chenying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Aging and Geriatric Mechanism Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Quan Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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Zhang J, Li C, Shuai W, Chen T, Gong Y, Hu H, Wei Y, Kong B, Huang H. maresin2 fine-tunes ULK1 O-GlcNAcylation to improve post myocardial infarction remodeling. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176223. [PMID: 38056619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the common causes of hospitalization and death all over the world. Maresin2 (MaR2), a specialized pro-solving mediator of inflammation, has been consolidated to be a novel cytokine fine-tuning inflammatory cascade. However, the precise mechanism is still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that maresin2 relieved myocardial damage via ULK1 O-GlcNAc modification during MI. METHODS The myocardial infarction model was established by ligating the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Echocardiography, histopathology, transmission electron microscope, and Western blot were used to evaluate cardiac function and remodeling. Furthermore, primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) were cultivated, and immunoprecipitation (IP) assays were performed to explore the specific mechanism. RESULTS As suggested, maresin2 treatment protected cardiac function and ameliorated adverse cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, we found that maresin2 facilitated autophagy and inhibited apoptosis under the modulation of O-GlcNAcylation-dependent ULK1 activation. Meanwhile, we discovered that maresin2 treatment ameliorated the inflammation of myocardial cells by inhibiting the interaction of TAK1 and TAB1. CONCLUSIONS Maresin2 is likely to promote autophagy while relieving apoptosis and inflammation of myocardial cells, thereby exerting a protective effect on the heart after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wei Shuai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yang Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - He Hu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yanzhao Wei
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Bin Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China.
| | - He Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China.
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Zuo W, Sun R, Ji Z, Ma G. Macrophage-driven cardiac inflammation and healing: insights from homeostasis and myocardial infarction. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:81. [PMID: 37858035 PMCID: PMC10585879 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Early and prompt reperfusion therapy has markedly improved the survival rates among patients enduring myocardial infarction (MI). Nonetheless, the resulting adverse remodeling and the subsequent onset of heart failure remain formidable clinical management challenges and represent a primary cause of disability in MI patients worldwide. Macrophages play a crucial role in immune system regulation and wield a profound influence over the inflammatory repair process following MI, thereby dictating the degree of myocardial injury and the subsequent pathological remodeling. Despite numerous previous biological studies that established the classical polarization model for macrophages, classifying them as either M1 pro-inflammatory or M2 pro-reparative macrophages, this simplistic categorization falls short of meeting the precision medicine standards, hindering the translational advancement of clinical research. Recently, advances in single-cell sequencing technology have facilitated a more profound exploration of macrophage heterogeneity and plasticity, opening avenues for the development of targeted interventions to address macrophage-related factors in the aftermath of MI. In this review, we provide a summary of macrophage origins, tissue distribution, classification, and surface markers. Furthermore, we delve into the multifaceted roles of macrophages in maintaining cardiac homeostasis and regulating inflammation during the post-MI period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87, Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Renhua Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Yancheng No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 66 South Renmin Road, Yancheng, 224000, China
| | - Zhenjun Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87, Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87, Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Yap J, Irei J, Lozano-Gerona J, Vanapruks S, Bishop T, Boisvert WA. Macrophages in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:373-385. [PMID: 36627513 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), as a result of thrombosis or vascular occlusion, is the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality among all cardiovascular diseases. The devastating consequences of MI are compounded by the complexities of cellular functions involved in the initiation and resolution of early-onset inflammation and the longer-term effects related to scar formation. The resultant tissue damage can occur as early as 1 h after MI and activates inflammatory signalling pathways to elicit an immune response. Macrophages are one of the most active cell types during all stages after MI, including the cardioprotective, inflammatory and tissue repair phases. In this Review, we describe the phenotypes of cardiac macrophage involved in MI and their cardioprotective functions. A specific subset of macrophages called resident cardiac macrophages (RCMs) are derived from yolk sac progenitor cells and are maintained as a self-renewing population, although their numbers decrease with age. We explore sophisticated sequencing techniques that demonstrate the cardioprotective properties of this cardiac macrophage phenotype. Furthermore, we discuss the interactions between cardiac macrophages and other important cell types involved in the pathology and resolution of inflammation after MI. We summarize new and promising therapeutic approaches that target macrophage-mediated inflammation and the cardioprotective properties of RCMs after MI. Finally, we discuss future directions for the study of RCMs in MI and cardiovascular health in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yap
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jason Irei
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Javier Lozano-Gerona
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Selena Vanapruks
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tianmai Bishop
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - William A Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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Davinelli S, Medoro A, Intrieri M, Saso L, Scapagnini G, Kang JX. Targeting NRF2-KEAP1 axis by Omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives: Emerging opportunities against aging and diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:736-750. [PMID: 36402440 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 and its endogenous inhibitor KEAP1 play a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis by regulating the gene expression of diverse networks of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification enzymes. Therefore, activation of NRF2 provides cytoprotection against numerous pathologies, including age-related diseases. An age-associated loss of NRF2 function may be a key driving force behind the aging phenotype. Recently, numerous NRF2 inducers have been identified and some of them are promising candidates to restore NRF2 transcriptional activity during aging. Emerging evidence indicates that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their electrophilic derivatives may trigger a protective response via NRF2 activation, rescuing or maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. In this review, we provide an overview of the NRF2-KEAP1 system and its dysregulation in aging cells. We also summarize current studies on the modulatory role of n-3 PUFAs as potential agents to prevent multiple chronic diseases and restore the age-related impairment of NRF2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Jing X Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Non-Photic Zeitgebers and Circadian Clock Synchronizers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012162. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FAs) are well-known for their actions on immune/inflammatory and neurological pathways, functions that are also under circadian clock regulation. The daily photoperiod represents the primary circadian synchronizer (‘zeitgeber’), although diverse studies have pointed towards an influence of dietary FAs on the biological clock. A comprehensive literature review was conducted following predefined selection criteria with the aim of updating the evidence on the molecular mechanisms behind circadian rhythm regulation by ω-3 FAs. We collected preclinical and clinical studies, systematic reviews, and metanalyses focused on the effect of ω-3 FAs on circadian rhythms. Twenty animal (conducted on rodents and piglets) and human trials and one observational study providing evidence on the regulation of neurological, inflammatory/immune, metabolic, reproductive, cardiovascular, and biochemical processes by ω-3 FAs via clock genes were discussed. The evidence suggests that ω-3 FAs may serve as non-photic zeitgebers and prove therapeutically beneficial for circadian disruption-related pathologies. Future work should focus on the role of clock genes as a target for the therapeutic use of ω-3 FAs in inflammatory and neurological disorders, as well as on the bidirectional association between the molecular clock and ω-3 FAs.
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Halade GV, Kain V, Hossain S, Parcha V, Limdi NA, Arora P. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase is essential for biosynthesis of specialized pro-resolving mediators and cardiac repair in heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H721-H737. [PMID: 36018758 PMCID: PMC9529265 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00115.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5)-derived leukotrienes are primary signals of leukocyte activation and inflammation in response to ischemic cardiac injury (MI; myocardial infarction). Using risk-free male C57BL/6J and ALOX5-null mice (8-12 wk), we quantitated leukocytes and ALOX5-derived bioactive lipids of the infarcted left ventricle (LV) and spleen to measure the physiological inflammation and cardiac repair. Our results showed that ALOX5 endogenously generates specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that facilitate cardiac repair post-MI. Deficiency of ALOX5 leads to increase in cyclooxygenase gene expression, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α, and delayed neutrophil clearance with signs of unresolved inflammation post-MI. Consequently, ALOX5 deficiency impaired the resolution of inflammation and cardiac repair, including increased myocardium rupture post-MI in acute heart failure. On-time ALOX5 activation is critical for leukocyte clearance from the infarcted heart, indicating an essential role of ALOX5 in the resolution of inflammation. In addition, to balance the inflammatory responses, ALOX5 is also necessary for fibroblast signaling, as the ALOX5-deficient fibroblast are prone to fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation leading to defective scar formation in post-MI cardiac repair. Consistent with these findings, ALOX5-null mice showed an overly inflammatory response, defective fibrotic signaling, and unresolved inflammation. These findings are indicative of a critical role of ALOX5 in myocardium healing, inflammation-resolution signaling, cardiac repair, and fibroblast pathophysiology.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) is critical in synthesizing specialized pro-resolving mediators that facilitate cardiac repair after cardiac injury. Thus, ALOX5 orchestrates the overlapping phases of inflammation and resolution to facilitate myocardium healing in cardiac repair postmyocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Vasundhara Kain
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Shahriare Hossain
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Vibhu Parcha
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nita A Limdi
- Department of Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Pankaj Arora
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Olsen MV, Lyngstadaas AV, Bair JA, Hodges RR, Utheim TP, Serhan CN, Dartt DA. Signaling Pathways Used by the Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediator Maresin 2 Regulate Goblet Cell Function: Comparison with Maresin 1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6233. [PMID: 35682912 PMCID: PMC9181304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), including Maresins (MaR)-1 and 2, contribute to tear film homeostasis and resolve conjunctival inflammation. We investigated MaR2's signaling pathways in goblet cells (GC) from rat conjunctiva. Agonist-induced [Ca2+]i and high-molecular weight glycoconjugate secretion were measured. MaR2 increased [Ca2+]i and stimulated secretion. MaR2 and MaR1 stimulate conjunctival goblet cell function, especially secretion, by activating different but overlapping GPCR and signaling pathways, and furthermore counter-regulate histamine stimulated increase in [Ca2+]i. Thus, MaR2 and MaR1 play a role in maintaining the ocular surface and tear film homeostasis in health and disease. As MaR2 and MaR1 modulate conjunctival goblet cell function, they each may have potential as novel, but differing, options for the treatment of ocular surface inflammatory diseases including allergic conjunctivitis and dry eye disease. We conclude that in conjunctival GC MaR2 and MaR1, both increase the [Ca2+]i and stimulate secretion to maintain homeostasis by using one set of different, but overlapping, signaling pathways to increase [Ca2+]i and another set to stimulate secretion. MaR2 also resolves ocular allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus V. Olsen
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (M.V.O.); (A.V.L.); (J.A.B.); (R.R.H.); (T.P.U.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne V. Lyngstadaas
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (M.V.O.); (A.V.L.); (J.A.B.); (R.R.H.); (T.P.U.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Jeffrey A. Bair
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (M.V.O.); (A.V.L.); (J.A.B.); (R.R.H.); (T.P.U.)
| | - Robin R. Hodges
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (M.V.O.); (A.V.L.); (J.A.B.); (R.R.H.); (T.P.U.)
| | - Tor P. Utheim
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (M.V.O.); (A.V.L.); (J.A.B.); (R.R.H.); (T.P.U.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesia, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Darlene A. Dartt
- Schepens Eye Research Institute/Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (M.V.O.); (A.V.L.); (J.A.B.); (R.R.H.); (T.P.U.)
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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9
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Yu CX, Shi ZA, Ou GC, Chen XJ, Liu Q, Zeng D, Nie XJ, Chen JJ. Maresin-2 alleviates allergic airway inflammation in mice by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, Th2 type immune response and oxidative stress. Mol Immunol 2022; 146:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.03.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Halade GV, Lee DH. Inflammation and resolution signaling in cardiac repair and heart failure. EBioMedicine 2022; 79:103992. [PMID: 35405389 PMCID: PMC9014358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Unresolved inflammation is a key mediator of advanced heart failure. Especially, damage, pathogen, and lifestyle-associated molecular patterns are the major factors in initiating baseline inflammatory diseases, particularly in cardiac pathology. After a significant cardiac injury like a heart attack, splenic and circulating leukocytes begin a highly optimized sequence of immune cell recruitment (neutrophils and monocytes) to coordinate effective tissue repair. An injured cardiac tissue repair and homeostasis are dependent on clearance of cellular debris where the recruited leukocytes transition from a pro-inflammatory to a reparative program through resolution process. After a cardiac injury, macrophages play a decisive role in cardiac repair through the biosynthesis of endogenous lipid mediators that ensure a timely tissue repair while avoiding chronic inflammation and impaired cardiac repair. However, dysregulation of resolution of inflammation processes due to cardiometabolic defects (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes), aging, or co-medication(s) lead to impaired cardiac repair. Hence, the presented review demonstrates the fundamental role of leukocytes, in particular macrophages orchestrate the inflammation and resolution biology, focusing on the biosynthesis of specialized lipid mediators in cardiac repair and heart failure. This work was supported by research funds from National Institutes of Health (AT006704, HL132989, and HL144788) to G.V.H. The authors acknowledges the use of Servier Medical Art image bank and Biorender that is used to create schematic Figures 1–3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Heart Institute, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Dr, Tampa, FL 33602, United States.
| | - Dae Hyun Lee
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Heart Institute, University of South Florida, 560 Channelside Dr, Tampa, FL 33602, United States
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Specialized Proresolving Lipid Mediators: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063133. [PMID: 35328553 PMCID: PMC8955102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global public health issue due to its high morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. The implementation of innovative therapeutic alternatives for CVD is urgently required. Specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) are bioactive compounds derived from ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, integrated into four families: Lipoxins, Resolvins, Protectins, and Maresins. SPMs have generated interest in recent years due to their ability to promote the resolution of inflammation associated with the pathogeneses of numerous illnesses, particularly CVD. Several preclinical studies in animal models have evidenced their ability to decrease the progression of atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia, and reperfusion injury via diverse mechanisms. Large-scale clinical trials are required to determine the effects of SPMs in humans. This review integrates the currently available knowledge of the therapeutic impact of SPMs in CVD from preclinical and clinical studies, along with the implicated molecular pathways. In vitro results have been promising, and as such, SPMs could soon represent a new therapeutic alternative for CVD.
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Wahyuni T, Kobayashi A, Tanaka S, Miyake Y, Yamamoto A, Bahtiar A, Mori S, Kametani Y, Tomimatsu M, Matsumoto K, Maeda M, Obana M, Fujio Y. Maresin-1 induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through IGF-1 paracrine pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C82-C93. [PMID: 34038245 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00568.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is closely linked with tissue repair. Recent studies have revealed that macrophages suppress inflammatory reactions by producing lipid mediators, called specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs); however, the biological significance of SPMs in tissue repair remains to be fully elucidated in the heart. In this study, we focused on maresin-1 (MaR1) and examined the reparative effects of MaR1 in cardiomyocytes. The treatment with MaR1 increased cell size in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Since the expression of fetal cardiac genes was unchanged by MaR1, physiological hypertrophy was induced by MaR1. SR3335, an inhibitor of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor α (RORα), mitigated MaR1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, consistent with the recent report that RORα is one of MaR1 receptors. Importantly, in response to MaR1, cardiomyocytes produced IGF-1 via RORα. Moreover, MaR1 activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway and wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor, or triciribine, an Akt inhibitor, abrogated MaR1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Finally, the blockade of IGF-1 receptor by NVP-AEW541 inhibited MaR-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy as well as the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. These data indicate that MaR1 induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through RORα/IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway. Considering that MaR1 is a potent resolving factor, MaR1 could be a key mediator that orchestrates the resolution of inflammation with myocardial repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri Wahyuni
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Arisa Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Miyake
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayaha Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Anton Bahtiar
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Shota Mori
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kametani
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Tomimatsu
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Maeda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Obana
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Radioisotope Research Center, Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Fujio
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Kologrivova I, Shtatolkina M, Suslova T, Ryabov V. Cells of the Immune System in Cardiac Remodeling: Main Players in Resolution of Inflammation and Repair After Myocardial Infarction. Front Immunol 2021; 12:664457. [PMID: 33868315 PMCID: PMC8050340 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of heart failure (HF), developing after myocardial infarction MI, still represents a major issue in clinical practice. Failure of appropriate resolution of inflammation during post-myocardial injury is associated with unsuccessful left ventricular remodeling and underlies HF pathogenesis. Cells of the immune system have been shown to mediate both protective and damaging effects in heart remodeling. This ambiguity of the role of the immune system and inconsistent results of the recent clinical trials question the benefits of anti-inflammatory therapies during acute MI. The present review will summarize knowledge of the roles that different cells of the immune system play in the process of post-infarct cardiac healing. Data on the phenotype, active molecules and functions of the immune cells, based on the results of both experimental and clinical studies, will be provided. For some cellular subsets, such as macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells and lymphocytes, an anti-inflammatory activity has been attributed to the specific subpopulations. Activity of other cells, such as eosinophils, mast cells, natural killer (NK) cells and NKT cells has been shown to be highly dependent of the signals created by micro-environment. Also, new approaches for classification of cellular phenotypes based on the single-cell RNA sequencing allow better understanding of the phenotype of the cells involved in resolution of inflammation. Possible perspectives of immune-mediated therapy for AMI patients are discussed in the conclusion. We also outline unresolved questions that need to be solved in order to implement the current knowledge on the role of the immune cells in post-MI tissue repair into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kologrivova
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina Shtatolkina
- Department of Emergency Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana Suslova
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Ryabov
- Department of Emergency Cardiology, Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Professional Development and Retraining, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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14
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Li D, Wang M, Ye J, Zhang J, Xu Y, Wang Z, Zhao M, Ye D, Wan J. Maresin 1 alleviates the inflammatory response, reduces oxidative stress and protects against cardiac injury in LPS-induced mice. Life Sci 2021; 277:119467. [PMID: 33811894 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maresin 1 (MaR1) is a pro-resolving lipid mediator that has been reported to have strong regulatory effects on oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aimed to determine the effect of MaR1 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis-related cardiac injury and explore its possible mechanisms. METHODS Mice were administered MaR1 or PBS and then treated with LPS or saline for 6 h. Then, cardiac function, cardiac injury markers, cardiac macrophage differentiation, oxidative stress and myocardial cell apoptosis in each group were measured. RESULTS MaR1 treatment significantly decreased the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and improved cardiac function in LPS-induced mice. Treatment with MaR1 also inhibited LPS-induced M1 macrophage differentiation and reduced M1 macrophage-related cytokine secretion while promoting M2 macrophage differentiation and increasing M2 macrophage-related inflammatory mediator expression. In addition, MaR1 decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), as well as cardiac expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), in LPS-induced mice. Furthermore, fewer TUNEL-positive cells were observed in the LPS + MaR1 group than in the LPS group. CONCLUSIONS Our experimental results show that MaR1 alleviates cardiac injury and protects against cardiac dysfunction and may be beneficial in reducing sepsis-induced cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Department of Pediatric, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Di Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan 430060, China.
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15
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The Proresolving Lipid Mediator Maresin1 Alleviates Experimental Pancreatitis via Switching Macrophage Polarization. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6680456. [PMID: 33776575 PMCID: PMC7969117 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6680456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Method Repeated caerulein injection was used to induce AP and chronic pancreatitis (CP) models in mice. The histopathological and serological changes were examined for evaluating the severity of the AP model, and flow cytometry was used for detecting macrophage phagocytosis and phenotype. Meanwhile, clodronate liposomes were used for macrophage depletion in mice. Finally, the CP model was adopted to further observe the protective effect of MaR1. Result MaR1 administration manifested the improved histopathological changes and the lower serum levels of amylase and lipase. However, MaR1 played no protective role in the pancreatic acinar cell line in vitro. It obviously reduced the macrophage infiltration in the injured pancreas, especially M1-type macrophages. After macrophage clearance, MaR1 showed no further protection in vivo. This study also demonstrated that MaR1 could alleviate fibrosis to limit AP progression in the CP model. Conclusion Our data suggests that MaR1 was a therapeutic and preventive target for AP in mice, likely operating through its effects on decreased macrophage infiltration and phenotype switch.
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16
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Khan AA, Khan Z. System biological investigations of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin targets and their implications in QT interval prolongation. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 332:109299. [PMID: 33098839 PMCID: PMC7578186 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
COVID-2019 pandemic is affecting people worldwide in the absence of an effective treatment strategy. Several suggestive therapeutic options through drug repurposing are recommended, but a complete consensus is not reached. A combination of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and Azithromycin (AZM) has been widely tried and discussed but its administration has also led to potential adversities in patients. Studies are suggesting that most prominent adverse event with HCQ and AZM combination is QT interval prolongation. We studied interaction of HCQ with AZM and subsequent effect of this drug combination on QT interval prolongation. We performed system biological investigation of HCQ and AZM targets and screened important targets and pathways possibly involved in QT interval prolongation. The best core hub protein drug targets involved in QT interval prolongation were identified as HSP90AA1 exclusively associated with HCQ, while AKT1 exclusively associated with AZM on the basis of node degree value. It was found that PI3K/Akt, VEGF, ERBB2 pathways must be given consideration for understanding the role of HCQ and AZM in QT interval prolongation. Conclusion: Computational methods have certain limitations based on source database coverage and prediction algorithms and therefore this data needs experimental correlation to draw final conclusion, but current findings screen targets for QT interval prolongation associated with HCQ and AZM. These proteins and pathways may provide ways to reduce this major risk associated with this combination. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin is widely tried for recent pandemic. It is discussed to prolong QT interval causing severe adverse events. Potential drug targets involved in this process were screened using system biology. Pathways were also screened for drug combination mediated adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Arif Khan
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, 411026, India.
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Davis Bldg. Rm. 2014 8700 Beverly Blvd. Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
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17
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Pullen AB, Jadapalli JK, Rhourri-Frih B, Halade GV. Re-evaluating the causes and consequences of non-resolving inflammation in chronic cardiovascular disease. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 25:381-391. [PMID: 31201605 PMCID: PMC6911017 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-019-09817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac injuries, like heart attacks, drive the secondary pathology with advanced heart failure. In this process, non-resolving inflammation is a prime component of accelerated cardiovascular disease and subsequent fatal events associated with imbalanced diet, physical inactivity, disrupted circadian rhythms, neuro-hormonal stress, and poly- or co-medication. Laboratory rodents have established that splenic leukocyte-directed resolution mechanisms are essential for cardiac repair after injury. Here, we discuss the impact of three lifestyle-related factors that are prime causes of derailed cardiac healing, putative non-resolving inflammation-resolution mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases, and progressive heart failure after cardiac injury. The presented review resurfaces the lifestyle-related risks and future research directions required to understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms between the causes of cardiovascular disease and their related consequences of non-resolving inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B Pullen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jeevan Kumar Jadapalli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Boutayna Rhourri-Frih
- Chimie et Biologie des Membranes et Nanoobjets, University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, 146, rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ganesh V Halade
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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18
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The Role of Maresins in Inflammatory Pain: Function of Macrophages in Wound Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235849. [PMID: 31766461 PMCID: PMC6928948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although acute inflammatory responses are host-protective and generally self-limited, unresolved and delayed resolution of acute inflammation can lead to further tissue damage and chronic inflammation. The mechanism of pain induction under inflammatory conditions has been studied extensively; however, the mechanism of pain resolution is not fully understood. The resolution of inflammation is a biosynthetically active process, involving specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). In particular, maresins (MaRs) are synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by macrophages and have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving capacities as well as tissue regenerating and pain-relieving properties. A new class of macrophage-derived molecules—MaR conjugates in tissue regeneration (MCTRs)—has been reported to regulate phagocytosis and the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue. Macrophages not only participate in the biosynthesis of SPMs, but also play an important role in phagocytosis. They exhibit different phenotypes categorized as proinflammatory M1-like phenotypes and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes that mediate both harmful and protective functions, respectively. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying macrophage functions and phenotypic changes have not yet been fully established. Recent studies report that MaRs help resolve inflammatory pain by enhancing macrophage phagocytosis and shifting cytokine release to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Consequently, this review elucidated the characteristics of MaRs and macrophages, focusing on the potent action of MaRs to enhance the M2 macrophage phenotype profiles that possess the ability to alleviate inflammatory pain.
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19
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Liu Y, Wang L, Luo M, Chen N, Deng X, He J, Zhang L, Luo P, Wu J. Inhibition of PAI-1 attenuates perirenal fat inflammation and the associated nephropathy in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E260-E267. [PMID: 30532990 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00387.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is increasingly recognized as a mediator in extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in diabetic nephropathy. Previous studies have implicated PAI-1 in adipose tissue (AT) expansion, while also contributing to insulin resistance. As inflammation is also known to occur in perirenal AT during obesity, we hypothesized that in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model, PAI-1 contributes to macrophage-mediated inflammation and diabetic nephropathy. The HFD mice showed increased expression of PAI-1 in perirenal fat and also displayed increased fat weight and macrophage numbers. We found that the macrophage polarization, proinflammatory macrophage-M1-phenotype, including CD11c, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, were increased by an HFD and decreased by either the genetic depletion of PAI-1 or treatment with the PAI-1 inhibitor, PAI-039. Similarly, an enhanced anti-inflammatory M2-phenotype, including CD206 and IL-10, was accompanied by either the genetic deletion of PAI-1 or PAI-039 treatment. Furthermore, the inhibition of PAI-1 reduced HFD-induced renal histological lesions and abated profibrotic/extracellular-matrix protein. Collectively, our findings provide support that PAI-1 contributes to the development of inflammation in perirenal fat and correlates with the development of diabetic nephropathy in HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Luo
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Ni Chen
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Deng
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing He
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Luo
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of the Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan , People's Republic of China
- Department of Medicine and Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine and Research Service , Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital , Columbia, Missouri
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20
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Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators Directs Cardiac Healing and Repair with Activation of Inflammation and Resolution Program in Heart Failure. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1161:45-64. [PMID: 31562621 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
After myocardial infarction, splenic leukocytes direct biosynthesis of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that are essential for the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. In a laboratory environment, after coronary ligation of healthy risk free rodents (young adult mice) leukocytes biosynthesize SPMs with induced activity of lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases, which facilitate cardiac repair. Activated monocytes/macrophages drive the biosynthesis of SPMs following experimental myocardial infarction in mice during the acute heart failure. In the presented review, we provided the recent updates on SPMs (resolvins, lipoxins and maresins) in cardiac repair that may serve as novel therapeutics for future heart failure therapy/management. We incorporated the underlying causes of non-resolving inflammation following cardiac injury if superimposed with obesity, hypertension, diabetes, disrupted circadian rhythm, co-medication (painkillers or oncological therapeutics), and/or aging that may delay or impair the biosynthesis of SPMs, intensifying pathological remodeling in heart failure.
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21
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Jung M, Dodsworth M, Thum T. Inflammatory cells and their non-coding RNAs as targets for treating myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 114:4. [PMID: 30523422 PMCID: PMC6290728 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction triggers infiltration of several types of immune cells that coordinate both innate and adaptive immune responses. These play a dual role in post-infarction cardiac remodeling by initiating and resolving inflammatory processes, which needs to occur in a timely and well-orchestrated way to ensure a reestablishment of normalized cardiac functions. Thus, therapeutic modulation of immune responses might have benefits for infarct patients. While such strategies have shown great potential in treating cancer, applications in the post-infarction context have been disappointing. One challenge has been the complexity and plasticity of immune cells and their functions in cardiac regulation and healing. The types appear in patterns that are temporally and spatially distinct, while influencing each other and the surrounding tissue. A comprehensive understanding of the immune cell repertoire and their regulatory functions following infarction is sorely needed. Processes of cardiac remodeling trigger additional genetic changes that may also play critical roles in the aftermath of cardiovascular disease. Some of these changes involve non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in the regulation of immune cells and may, therefore, be of therapeutic interest. This review summarizes what is currently known about the functions of immune cells and non-coding RNAs during post-infarction wound healing. We address some of the challenges that remain and describe novel therapeutic approaches under development that are based on regulating immune responses through non-coding RNAs in the aftermath of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Dodsworth
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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22
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Doyle R, Sadlier DM, Godson C. Pro-resolving lipid mediators: Agents of anti-ageing? Semin Immunol 2018; 40:36-48. [PMID: 30293857 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential response to injury and its timely and adequate resolution permits tissue repair and avoidance of chronic inflammation. Ageing is associated with increased inflammation, sub-optimal resolution and these act as drivers for a number of ageing-associated pathologies. We describe the role played by specialised proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) in the resolution of inflammation and how insufficient levels of these mediators, or compromised responsiveness may play a role in the pathogenesis of many ageing-associated pathologies, e.g. Alzheimer's Disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes and kidney disease. Detailed examination of the resolution phase of inflammation highlights the potential to harness these lipid mediators and or mimetics of their bioactions, in particular, their synthetic analogues to promote effective resolution of inflammation, without compromising the host immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Doyle
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St., Inns Quay, Dublin 7, Ireland.
| | - Denise M Sadlier
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St., Inns Quay, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Catherine Godson
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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23
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LXR/RXR signaling and neutrophil phenotype following myocardial infarction classify sex differences in remodeling. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 113:40. [PMID: 30132266 PMCID: PMC6105266 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences in heart failure development following myocardial infarction (MI) are not fully understood. We hypothesized that differential MI signaling could explain variations in outcomes. Analysis of the mouse heart attack research tool 1.0 (422 mice; young = 5.4 ± 0.1; old = 23.3 ± 0.1 months of age) was used to dissect MI signaling pathways, which was validated in a new cohort of mice (4.8 ± 0.2 months of age); and substantiated in humans. Plasma collected at visit 2 from the MI subset of the Jackson Heart Study (JHS; a community-based study consisting of middle aged and older adults of African ancestry) underwent glycoproteomics grouped by outcome: (1) heart failure hospitalization after visit 2 (n = 3 men/12 women) and (2) without hospitalization through 2012 (n = 24 men/21 women). Compared to young male mice, the infarct region of young females had fewer, but more efficient tissue clearing neutrophils with reduced pro-inflammatory gene expression. Apolipoprotein (Apo) F, which acts upstream of the liver X receptors/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) pathway, was elevated in the day 7 infarcts of old mice compared to young controls and was increased in both men and women with heart failure. In vitro, Apo F stimulated CD36 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ activation in male neutrophils to turn off NF-κB activation and stimulate LXR/RXR signaling to initiate resolution. Female neutrophils were desensitized to Apo F and instead relied on thrombospondin-1 stimulation of CD36 to upregulate AMP-activated protein kinase, resulting in an overall better wound healing strategy. With age, female mice were desensitized to LXR/RXR signaling, resulting in enhanced interleukin-6 activation, a finding replicated in the JHS community cohort. This is the first report to uncover sex differences in post-MI neutrophil signaling that yielded better outcomes in young females and worse outcomes with age.
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