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Pereira M, Cruz MT, Fortuna A, Bicker J. Restoring the epigenome in Alzheimer's disease: advancing HDAC inhibitors as therapeutic agents. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104052. [PMID: 38830501 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Current treatment options for Alzheimer's disease (AD) focus on symptom relief rather than halting disease progression. In this context, targeting histone deacetylation emerges as a promising therapeutic alternative. Dysregulation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity is present in AD, contributing to cognitive decline. Pharmacological HDAC inhibition has shown benefits in preclinical models, namely reduced amyloid beta plaque formation, lower phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein, greater microtubule stability, less neuroinflammation, and improved metabolic homeostasis and cell survival. Nonetheless, clinical trials evidenced limitations such as insufficient selectivity or blood-brain barrier penetration. Hence, future innovative strategies are required to enhance their efficacy/safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Pereira
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fortuna
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Bicker
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Słowikowski B, Owecki W, Jeske J, Jezierski M, Draguła M, Goutor U, Jagodziński PP, Kozubski W, Dorszewska J. Epigenetics and the neurodegenerative process. Epigenomics 2024; 16:473-491. [PMID: 38511224 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases are multifactorial, genetic and environmental. Environmental factors such as diet, physical activity and emotional state are epigenetic factors. Environmental markers are responsible for epigenetic modifications. The effect of epigenetic changes is increased inflammation of the nervous system and neuronal damage. In recent years, it has been shown that epigenetic changes may cause an increased risk of neurological disorders but, currently, the relationship between epigenetic modifications and neurodegeneration remains unclear. This review summarizes current knowledge about neurological disorders caused by epigenetic changes in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke and epilepsy. Advances in epigenetic techniques may be key to understanding the epigenetics of central changes in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Słowikowski
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Wojciech Owecki
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Jan Jeske
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Michał Jezierski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Michał Draguła
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Ulyana Goutor
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kozubski
- Chair & Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, 61-701, Poland
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Kuang L, Zhang J, Li Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Zhang B. Association of tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in endometrioid adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:188. [PMID: 38515066 PMCID: PMC10956261 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant DNA methylation is a vital molecular alteration commonly detected in type I endometrial cancers (EC), and tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) play significant roles in DNA demethylation. However, little is known about the function and correlation of TET2 and 5hmC co-expressed in EC. This study intended to investigate the clinical significance of TET2 and 5hmC in EC. METHODS The levels of TET2 and 5hmC were detected in 326 endometrial tissues by immumohistochemistry, and the correlation of their level was detected by Pearson analysis. The association between the levels of TET2 and 5hmC and clinicopathologic characteristics was analyzed. Prognostic value of TET2 and 5hmC was explored by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Based on the analysis results, TET2 protein level was positively correlated with 5hmC level in EC tissues (r = 0.801, P < 0.001). TET2+5hmC+ (high TET2 and high 5hmC) association was significantly associated with well differentiation, myometrial invasion, negative lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage in EC. Association of TET2 and 5hmC was confirmed as a prognostic factor (HR = 2.843, 95%CI = 1.226-3.605, P = 0.007) for EC patients, and EC patients with TET2-5hmC- level had poor overall survival. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the association of TET2 and 5hmC was downregulated in EC tissues, and may be a potential poor prognostic indicator for EC patients. Combined detection of TET2 and 5hmC may be valuable for the diagnosis and prognosis of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Kuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 South Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, 221009, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 South Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, 221009, China
| | - Yanyu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 South Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, 221009, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 South Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, 221009, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 South Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, 221009, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 199 South Jiefang Road, Xuzhou, 221009, China.
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Kwok AJ, Lu J, Huang J, Ip BY, Mok VCT, Lai HM, Ko H. High-resolution omics of vascular ageing and inflammatory pathways in neurodegeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:30-49. [PMID: 37380595 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution omics, particularly single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling, are rapidly enhancing our comprehension of the normal molecular diversity of gliovascular cells, as well as their age-related changes that contribute to neurodegeneration. With more omic profiling studies being conducted, it is becoming increasingly essential to synthesise valuable information from the rapidly accumulating findings. In this review, we present an overview of the molecular features of neurovascular and glial cells that have been recently discovered through omic profiling, with a focus on those that have potentially significant functional implications and/or show cross-species differences between human and mouse, and that are linked to vascular deficits and inflammatory pathways in ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, we highlight the translational applications of omic profiling, and discuss omic-based strategies to accelerate biomarker discovery and facilitate disease course-modifying therapeutics development for neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kwok
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jianning Lu
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junzhe Huang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bonaventure Y Ip
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vincent C T Mok
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hei Ming Lai
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ho Ko
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Yang K, Wei R, Liu Q, Tao Y, Wu Z, Yang L, Wang QH, Wang H, Pan Z. Specific inhibition of TET1 in the spinal dorsal horn alleviates inflammatory pain in mice by regulating synaptic plasticity. Neuropharmacology 2024; 244:109799. [PMID: 38008374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
DNA demethylation mediated by ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a critical epigenetic mechanism in which gene expression is regulated via catalysis of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Previously, we demonstrated that TET1 is associated with the genesis of chronic inflammatory pain. However, how TET1 participates in enhanced nociceptive responses in chronic pain remains poorly understood. Here, we report that conditional knockout of Tet1 in dorsal horn neurons via intrathecal injection of rAAV-hSyn-Cre in Tet1fl/fl mice not only reversed the inflammation-induced upregulation of synapse-associated proteins (post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin (SYP)) in the dorsal horn but also ameliorated abnormalities in dendritic spine morphology and alleviated pain hypersensitivities. Pharmacological blockade of TET1 by intrathecal injection of a TET1-specific inhibitor-Bobcat 339-produced similar results, as did knockdown of Tet1 by intrathecal injection of siRNA. Thus, our data strongly suggest that increased TET1 expression during inflammatory pain upregulates the expression of multiple synapse-associated proteins and dysregulates synaptic morphology in dorsal horn neurons, suggesting that Tet1 may be a potential target for analgesic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehui Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Runa Wei
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qi-Hui Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Bahabry R, Hauser RM, Sánchez RG, Jago SS, Ianov L, Stuckey RJ, Parrish RR, Hoef LV, Lubin FD. Alterations in DNA 5-hydroxymethylation Patterns in the Hippocampus of an Experimental Model of Refractory Epilepsy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.03.560698. [PMID: 37873276 PMCID: PMC10592907 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a type of focal epilepsy characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures originating from the hippocampus. The epigenetic reprogramming hypothesis of epileptogenesis suggests that the development of TLE is associated with alterations in gene transcription changes resulting in a hyperexcitable network in TLE. DNA 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is an epigenetic mechanism that has been associated with chronic epilepsy. However, the contribution of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), a product of 5-mC demethylation by the Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET) family proteins in chronic TLE is poorly understood. 5-hmC is abundant in the brain and acts as a stable epigenetic mark altering gene expression through several mechanisms. Here, we found that the levels of bulk DNA 5-hmC but not 5-mC were significantly reduced in the hippocampus of human TLE patients and in the kainic acid (KA) TLE rat model. Using 5-hmC hMeDIP-sequencing, we characterized 5-hmC distribution across the genome and found bidirectional regulation of 5-hmC at intergenic regions within gene bodies. We found that hypohydroxymethylated 5-hmC intergenic regions were associated with several epilepsy-related genes, including Gal , SV2, and Kcnj11 and hyperdroxymethylation 5-hmC intergenic regions were associated with Gad65 , TLR4 , and Bdnf gene expression. Mechanistically, Tet1 knockdown in the hippocampus was sufficient to decrease 5-hmC levels and increase seizure susceptibility following KA administration. In contrast, Tet1 overexpression in the hippocampus resulted in increased 5-hmC levels associated with improved seizure resiliency in response to KA. These findings suggest an important role for 5-hmC as an epigenetic regulator of epilepsy that can be manipulated to influence seizure outcomes.
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Armstrong MJ, Jin Y, Vattathil SM, Huang Y, Schroeder JP, Bennet DA, Qin ZS, Wingo TS, Jin P. Role of TET1-mediated epigenetic modulation in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106257. [PMID: 37562656 PMCID: PMC10530206 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder influenced by a complex interplay of environmental, epigenetic, and genetic factors. DNA methylation (5mC) and hydroxymethylation (5hmC) are DNA modifications that serve as tissue-specific and temporal regulators of gene expression. TET family enzymes dynamically regulate these epigenetic modifications in response to environmental conditions, connecting environmental factors with gene expression. Previous epigenetic studies have identified 5mC and 5hmC changes associated with AD. In this study, we performed targeted resequencing of TET1 on a cohort of early-onset AD (EOAD) and control samples. Through gene-wise burden analysis, we observed significant enrichment of rare TET1 variants associated with AD (p = 0.04). We also profiled 5hmC in human postmortem brain tissues from AD and control groups. Our analysis identified differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DhMRs) in key genes responsible for regulating the methylome: TET3, DNMT3L, DNMT3A, and MECP2. To further investigate the role of Tet1 in AD pathogenesis, we used the 5xFAD mouse model with a Tet1 KO allele to examine how Tet1 loss influences AD pathogenesis. We observed significant changes in neuropathology, 5hmC, and RNA expression associated with Tet1 loss, while the behavioral alterations were not significant. The loss of Tet1 significantly increased amyloid plaque burden in the 5xFAD mouse (p = 0.044) and lead to a non-significant trend towards exacerbated AD-associated stress response in 5xFAD mice. At the molecular level, we found significant DhMRs enriched in genes involved in pathways responsible for neuronal projection organization, dendritic spine development and organization, and myelin assembly. RNA-Seq analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of AD-associated genes such as Mpeg1, Ctsd, and Trem2. In conclusion, our results suggest that TET enzymes, particularly TET1, which regulate the methylome, may contribute to AD pathogenesis, as the loss of TET function increases AD-associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Armstrong
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yulin Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Selina M Vattathil
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yanting Huang
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jason P Schroeder
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David A Bennet
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zhaohui S Qin
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Bazan N, Bhattacharjee S, Kala-Bhattacharjee S, Ledet A, Mukherjee P. Elovanoids are neural resiliency epigenomic regulators targeting histone modifications, DNA methylation, tau phosphorylation, telomere integrity, senescence programming, and dendrite integrity. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3185942. [PMID: 37502897 PMCID: PMC10371143 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3185942/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Cellular identity, developmental reorganization, genomic structure modulation, and susceptibility to diseases are determined by epigenomic regulation by multiple signaling interplay. Here we demonstrate that elovanoids (ELVs), mediators derived from very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs, n-3, C > 28), and their precursors in neurons in culture overcome the damage triggered by oligomeric amyloid-beta (OAβ), erastin (ferroptosis-dependent cell death), or other insults that target epigenomic signaling. We uncover that ELVs counteract damage targeting histones H3K9 and H3K27 methylation and acetylation; tau hyperphosphorylation (pThr181, pThr217, pThr231, and pSer202/pThr205 (AT8)); senescence gene programming (p16INK4a, p27KIP, p21CIP1, and p53); DNA methylation (DNAm) modifying enzymes: TET (DNA hydroxymethylase), DNA methyltransferase, DNA demethylase, and DNAm (5mC) phenotype. Moreover, ELVs revert OAβ-triggered telomere length (TL) attrition as well as upregulation of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) expression fostering dendrite protection and neuronal survival. Thus, ELVs modulate epigenomic resiliency by pleiotropic interrelated signaling.
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Sahu B, Johnson LM, Sohrabi M, Usatii AA, Craig RMJ, Kaelberer JB, Chandrasekaran SP, Kaur H, Nookala S, Combs CK. Effects of Probiotics on Colitis-Induced Exacerbation of Alzheimer's Disease in AppNL-G-F Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11551. [PMID: 37511312 PMCID: PMC10381012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and is a leading cause of death in the United States. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the progression of AD, and several recent studies suggest that peripheral immune dysfunction may influence the disease. Continuing evidence indicates that intestinal dysbiosis is an attribute of AD, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been shown to aggravate cognitive impairment. Previously, we separately demonstrated that an IBD-like condition exacerbates AD-related changes in the brains of the AppNL-G-F mouse model of AD, while probiotic intervention has an attenuating effect. In this study, we investigated the combination of a dietary probiotic and an IBD-like condition for effects on the brains of mice. Male C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and AppNL-G-F mice were randomly divided into four groups: vehicle control, oral probiotic, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and DSS given with probiotics. As anticipated, probiotic treatment attenuated the DSS-induced colitis disease activity index in WT and AppNL-G-F mice. Although probiotic feeding significantly attenuated the DSS-mediated increase in WT colonic lipocalin levels, it was less protective in the AppNL-G-F DSS-treated group. In parallel with the intestinal changes, combined probiotic and DSS treatment increased microglial, neutrophil elastase, and 5hmC immunoreactivity while decreasing c-Fos staining compared to DSS treatment alone in the brains of WT mice. Although less abundant, probiotic combined with DSS treatment demonstrated a few similar changes in AppNL-G-F brains with increased microglial and decreased c-Fos immunoreactivity in addition to a slight increase in Aβ plaque staining. Both probiotic and DSS treatment also altered the levels of several cytokines in WT and AppNL-G-F brains, with a unique increase in the levels of TNFα and IL-2 being observed in only AppNL-G-F mice following combined DSS and probiotic treatment. Our data indicate that, while dietary probiotic intervention provides protection against the colitis-like condition, it also influences numerous glial, cytokine, and neuronal changes in the brain that may regulate brain function and the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijayani Sahu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Lauren M. Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Mona Sohrabi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Anastasia A. Usatii
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Rachel M. J. Craig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Joshua B. Kaelberer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Sathiya Priya Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | | | - Suba Nookala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Colin K. Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (B.S.); (L.M.J.); (M.S.); (A.A.U.); (R.M.J.C.); (J.B.K.); (S.P.C.); (S.N.)
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10
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Kołodziej-Wojnar P, Borkowska J, Domaszewska-Szostek A, Bujanowska O, Noszczyk B, Krześniak N, Stańczyk M, Puzianowska-Kuznicka M. Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 and 2 Enzymes Affect Human Skin Fibroblasts in an Age-Related Manner. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1659. [PMID: 37371754 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), first to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), then to 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and finally to 5-carboxycytosine (5caC). Evidence suggests that changes in TET expression may impact cell function and the phenotype of aging. Proliferation, apoptosis, markers of autophagy and double-strand DNA break repair, and the expression of Fibulin 5 were assessed by flow cytometry in TET1 and TET2-overexpressing fibroblasts isolated from sun-unexposed skin of young (23-35 years) and age-advanced (75-94 years) individuals. In cells derived from young individuals, TET1 overexpression resulted in the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis by 37% (p = 0.03) and 24% (p = 0.05), respectively, while the overexpression of TET2 caused a decrease in proliferation by 46% (p = 0.01). Notably, in cells obtained from age-advanced individuals, TETs exhibited different effects. Specifically, TET1 inhibited proliferation and expression of autophagy marker Beclin 1 by 45% (p = 0.05) and 28% (p = 0.048), respectively, while increasing the level of γH2AX, a marker of double-strand DNA breaks necessary for initiating the repair process, by 19% (p = 0.04). TET2 inhibited proliferation by 64% (p = 0.053) and increased the level of γH2AX and Fibulin 5 by 46% (p = 0.007) and 29% (p = 0.04), respectively. These patterns of TET1 and TET2 effects suggest their involvement in regulating various fibroblast functions and that some of their biological actions depend on the donor's age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kołodziej-Wojnar
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Borkowska
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Domaszewska-Szostek
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Bujanowska
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Noszczyk
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Krześniak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Stańczyk
- Department of General and Oncological Surgery with Traumatic Unit, Wolski Hospital, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, PAS, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Liu S, Zhang Z, Li L, Yao L, Ma Z, Li J. ADAM10- and γ-secretase-dependent cleavage of the transmembrane protein PTPRT attenuates neurodegeneration in the mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22734. [PMID: 36583697 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201396r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PTPRT (receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase T), a brain-specific type 1 transmembrane protein, plays an important role in neurodevelopment and synapse formation. However, whether abnormal PTPRT signaling is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. Here, we report that Ptprt mRNA expression is found to be downregulated in the brains of both human and mouse models of AD. We further identified that the PTPRT intracellular domain (PICD), which is released by ADAM10- and γ-secretase-dependent cleavage of PTPRT, efficiently translocates to the nucleus via a conserved nuclear localization signal (NLS). We show that inhibition of nuclear translocation of PICD leads to an accumulation of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3), a substrate of PTPRT-eventually resulting in neuronal cell death. Consistently, RNA sequencing reveals that overexpression of PICD leads to changes in the expression of genes that are functionally associated with synapse formation, cell adhesion, and protein dephosphorylation. Moreover, overexpression of PICD not only decreases the level of phospho-STAT3Y705 and amyloid β production in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice but also partially improves synaptic function and behavioral deficits in this mouse model of AD. These findings suggest that a novel role of the ADAM 10- and γ-secretase-dependent cleavage of PTPRT may alleviate the AD-like neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhongyu Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Li Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhanshan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Kunming Primate Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,National Research Facility for Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Model Animals, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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12
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Dynamic Regulation of DNA Methylation and Brain Functions. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020152. [PMID: 36829430 PMCID: PMC9952911 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
DNA cytosine methylation is a principal epigenetic mechanism underlying transcription during development and aging. Growing evidence suggests that DNA methylation plays a critical role in brain function, including neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, synaptogenesis, learning, and memory. However, the mechanisms underlying aberrant DNA methylation in neurodegenerative diseases remain unclear. In this review, we provide an overview of the contribution of 5-methycytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxylcytosine (5hmC) to brain development and aging, with a focus on the roles of dynamic 5mC and 5hmC changes in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Identification of aberrant DNA methylation sites could provide potential candidates for epigenetic-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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13
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Hernaiz A, Sentre S, Betancor M, López-Pérez Ó, Salinas-Pena M, Zaragoza P, Badiola JJ, Toivonen JM, Bolea R, Martín-Burriel I. 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Scrapie-Infected Sheep and Mouse Brain Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021621. [PMID: 36675131 PMCID: PMC9864596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Scrapie is a neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases, which are caused by an infectious isoform of the innocuous cellular prion protein (PrPC) known as PrPSc. DNA methylation, one of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms, is essential for the proper functioning of the central nervous system. Recent findings point to possible involvement of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of prion diseases, but there is still a lack of knowledge about the behavior of this epigenetic mechanism in such neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we evaluated by immunohistochemistry the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels in sheep and mouse brain tissues infected with scrapie. Expression analysis of different gene coding for epigenetic regulatory enzymes (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, HDAC1, HDAC2, TET1, and TET2) was also carried out. A decrease in 5mC levels was observed in scrapie-affected sheep and mice compared to healthy animals, whereas 5hmC displayed opposite patterns between the two models, demonstrating a decrease in 5hmC in scrapie-infected sheep and an increase in preclinical mice. 5mC correlated with prion-related lesions in mice and sheep, but 5hmC was associated with prion lesions only in sheep. Differences in the expression changes of epigenetic regulatory genes were found between both disease models, being differentially expressed Dnmt3b, Hdac1, and Tet1 in mice and HDAC2 in sheep. Our results support the evidence that DNA methylation in both forms, 5mC and 5hmC, and its associated epigenetic enzymes, take part in the neurodegenerative course of prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaida Hernaiz
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Sentre
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marina Betancor
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Óscar López-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mónica Salinas-Pena
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Badiola
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Janne Markus Toivonen
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Bolea
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Martín-Burriel
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-761662
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14
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Wang Z, Miu KK, Chan SW, Ou F, Wai-Nok Law P, Chan WY. Genome-wide 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) reassigned in Pten-depleted mESCs along neural differentiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:956604. [PMID: 36619862 PMCID: PMC9814970 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.956604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation have been implicated in the regulatory dynamics of gene expression in normal development and differentiation. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), created by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) protein-catalyzed oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), is abundant in the brain, but the genome-wide distribution and impact of 5hmC during diverse neuronal differentiation remain unknown. Here, we used an in vitro model to differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) into ventral midbrain and hindbrain neural progenitors, followed by characterizing global 5hmC distribution using a nano-5hmC-seal approach. The 5hmC pattern was dynamic in promoter, exon, and enhancer regions, associated with gene activation and repression. For example, ventral midbrain markers (Lmx1a, Otx2, and Th) and hindbrain markers (Hoxa1, Zic1, and Tph1) acquire 5hmC and are upregulated during differentiation. Among the differentially expressed genes involved in both midbrain and hindbrain lineage commitment, phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) was identified as a key regulator for neuronal development. We confirmed that Pten knockout disrupted the normal differentiation of midbrain/hindbrain neural progenitors, resulting in immature neurons. In addition, 5421 and 4624 differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DhMRs) were identified in the differentiation of Pten-/- mESC into ventral midbrain and hindbrain progenitors, respectively. Gene ontology analysis showed that the majority of these DhMRs were associated with neurogenesis, ectoderm development, and signal transduction. Moreover, further combinational analysis of the 5hmC pattern and transcriptomic profile in the midbrain progenitor cells demonstrated Pten as a toggle to modulate mitochondrial associated pathways. Therefore, our findings elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying lineage-specific differentiation of pluripotent stem cells to the midbrain/hindbrain progenitors, where Pten participates as one key regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangting Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai-Kei Miu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Kai-Kei Miu, ; Wai-Yee Chan,
| | - See-Wing Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fanghong Ou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Wai-Nok Law
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University-The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Kai-Kei Miu, ; Wai-Yee Chan,
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15
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Morris-Blanco KC, Chokkalla AK, Kim T, Bhatula S, Bertogliat MJ, Gaillard AB, Vemuganti R. High-Dose Vitamin C Prevents Secondary Brain Damage After Stroke via Epigenetic Reprogramming of Neuroprotective Genes. Transl Stroke Res 2022; 13:1017-1036. [PMID: 35306630 PMCID: PMC9485293 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin C has recently been identified as an epigenetic regulator by activating ten-eleven translocases (TETs), enzymes involved in generating DNA hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Currently, we investigated whether high-dose vitamin C promotes neuroprotection through epigenetic modulation of 5hmC, if there are sex-specific differences in outcome, and the therapeutic potential of vitamin C in stroke-related comorbidities in adult mice. Post-stroke treatment with ascorbate (reduced form), but not dehydroascorbate (oxidized form), increased TET3 activity and 5hmC levels and reduced infarct following focal ischemia. Hydroxymethylation DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing showed that ascorbate increased 5hmC across the genome and specifically in promoters of several stroke pathophysiology-related genes, particularly anti-inflammatory genes. Ascorbate also decreased markers of oxidative stress, mitochondrial fragmentation, and apoptosis in cortical peri-infarct neurons and promoted motor and cognitive functional recovery in both sexes via TET3. Furthermore, post-stroke ascorbate treatment reduced infarct volume and improved motor function recovery in aged, hypertensive and diabetic male and female mice. Delayed ascorbate treatment at 6 h of reperfusion was still effective at reducing infarct volume and motor impairments in adult mice. Collectively, this study shows that post-stroke treatment with high-dose ascorbate protects the brain through epigenetic reprogramming and may function as a robust therapeutic against stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahlilia C Morris-Blanco
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mail code CSC-8660, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mail code CSC-8660, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - TaeHee Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mail code CSC-8660, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Saivenkateshkomal Bhatula
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mail code CSC-8660, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mario J Bertogliat
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mail code CSC-8660, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Alexis B Gaillard
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mail code CSC-8660, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mail code CSC-8660, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
- William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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16
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Liu H, Xie Y, Wang X, Abboud MI, Ma C, Ge W, Schofield CJ. Exploring links between 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 18:2637-2668. [PMID: 35852137 PMCID: PMC10083964 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, that is, an inadequate oxygen supply, is linked to neurodegeneration and patients with cardiovascular disease are prone to Alzheimer's disease (AD). 2-Oxoglutarate and ferrous iron-dependent oxygenases (2OGDD) play a key role in the regulation of oxygen homeostasis by acting as hypoxia sensors. 2OGDD also have roles in collagen biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, nucleic acid repair, and the regulation of transcription and translation. Many biological processes in which the >60 human 2OGDD are involved are altered in AD patient brains, raising the question as to whether 2OGDD are involved in the transition from normal aging to AD. Here we give an overview of human 2OGDD and critically discuss their potential roles in AD, highlighting possible relationships with synapse dysfunction/loss. 2OGDD may regulate neuronal/glial differentiation through enzyme activity-dependent mechanisms and modulation of their activity has potential to protect against synapse loss. Work linking 2OGDD and AD is at an early stage, especially from a therapeutic perspective; we suggest integrated pathology and in vitro discovery research to explore their roles in AD is merited. We hope to help enable long-term research on the roles of 2OGDD and, more generally, oxygen/hypoxia in AD. We also suggest shorter term empirically guided clinical studies concerning the exploration of 2OGDD/oxygen modulators to help maintain synaptic viability are of interest for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- National Clinical Research Center for OrthopedicsSports Medicine & RehabilitationDepartment of OrthopedicsGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Martine I. Abboud
- The Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and EmbryologyNeuroscience CenterNational Human Brain Bank for Development and FunctionInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology & Department of ImmunologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Christopher J. Schofield
- The Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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17
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Lodato MA, Ziegenfuss JS. The two faces of DNA oxidation in genomic and functional mosaicism during aging in human neurons. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:991460. [PMID: 36313183 PMCID: PMC9596766 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.991460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining genomic integrity in post-mitotic neurons in the human brain is paramount because these cells must survive for an individual's entire lifespan. Due to life-long synaptic plasticity and electrochemical transmission between cells, the brain engages in an exceptionally high level of mitochondrial metabolic activity. This activity results in the generation of reactive oxygen species with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) being one of the most prevalent oxidation products in the cell. 8-oxoG is important for the maintenance and transfer of genetic information into proper gene expression: a low basal level of 8-oxoG plays an important role in epigenetic modulation of neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity, while a dysregulated increase in 8-oxoG damages the genome leading to somatic mutations and transcription errors. The slow yet persistent accumulation of DNA damage in the background of increasing cellular 8-oxoG is associated with normal aging as well as neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review explores the current understanding of how 8-oxoG plays a role in brain function and genomic instability, highlighting new methods being used to advance pathological hallmarks that differentiate normal healthy aging and neurodegenerative disease.
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18
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Li C, Ren J, Zhang M, Wang H, Yi F, Wu J, Tang Y. The heterogeneity of microglial activation and its epigenetic and non-coding RNA regulations in the immunopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:511. [PMID: 36066650 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04536-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are resident immune cells in the brain and play a central role in the development and surveillance of the nervous system. Extensive gliosis is a common pathological feature of several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia. Microglia can respond to multiple inflammatory insults and later transform into different phenotypes, such as pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotypes, thereby exerting different functions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies based on both traditional bulk sequencing and novel single-cell/nuclear sequencing and multi-omics analysis, have shown that microglial phenotypes are highly heterogeneous and dynamic, depending on the severity and stage of the disease as well as the particular inflammatory milieu. Thus, redirecting microglial activation to beneficial and neuroprotective phenotypes promises to halt the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. To this end, an increasing number of studies have focused on unraveling heterogeneous microglial phenotypes and their underlying molecular mechanisms, including those due to epigenetic and non-coding RNA modulations. In this review, we summarize the epigenetic mechanisms in the form of DNA and histone modifications, as well as the general non-coding RNA regulations that modulate microglial activation during immunopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and discuss promising research approaches in the microglial era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Li
- Aging Research Center, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Aging Research Center, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- Aging Research Center, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Huakun Wang
- Aging Research Center, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Yi
- Aging Research Center, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Junjiao Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Provincial Clinical Research Center for Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Aging Research Center, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- The Biobank of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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19
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Liu Y, Chen C, Wang X, Sun Y, Zhang J, Chen J, Shi Y. An Epigenetic Role of Mitochondria in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162518. [PMID: 36010594 PMCID: PMC9406960 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are not only the main energy supplier but are also the cell metabolic center regulating multiple key metaborates that play pivotal roles in epigenetics regulation. These metabolites include acetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), NAD+, and O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), which are the main substrates for DNA methylation and histone post-translation modifications, essential for gene transcriptional regulation and cell fate determination. Tumorigenesis is attributed to many factors, including gene mutations and tumor microenvironment. Mitochondria and epigenetics play essential roles in tumor initiation, evolution, metastasis, and recurrence. Targeting mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics are promising therapeutic strategies for tumor treatment. In this review, we summarize the roles of mitochondria in key metabolites required for epigenetics modification and in cell fate regulation and discuss the current strategy in cancer therapies via targeting epigenetic modifiers and related enzymes in metabolic regulation. This review is an important contribution to the understanding of the current metabolic-epigenetic-tumorigenesis concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu’e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yufeng Shi
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Clinical Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Y.S.)
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20
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Min S, Xu Q, Qin L, Li Y, Li Z, Chen C, Wu H, Han J, Zhu X, Jin P, Tang B. Altered hydroxymethylome in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3494-3503. [PMID: 35661211 PMCID: PMC9558850 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and aging and genetic and environmental exposure can contribute to its pathogenesis. DNA methylation has been suggested to play a pivotal role in neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is generated through 5-methylcytosine (5mC) oxidization by ten-eleven translocation proteins and is particularly enriched in the brain. Although 5hmC has been linked to multiple neurological disorders, little is known about 5hmC alterations in the substantia nigra of patients with PD. To determine the specific alterations in DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in PD brain samples, we examined the genome-wide profiles of 5mC and 5hmC in the substantia nigra of patients with PD and Alzheimer's disease (ad). We identified 4119 differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DhMRs) and no differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the postmortem brains of patients with PD compared with those of controls. These DhMRs were PD-specific when compared with the results of AD. Gene ontology analysis revealed that several signaling pathways, such as neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation, were significantly enriched in PD DhMRs. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed substantial alterations in multiple signaling pathways, including phospholipase D (PLD), cAMP and Rap1. In addition, using a PD Drosophila model, we found that one of the 5hmC-modulated genes, PLD1, modulated α-synuclein toxicity. Our analysis suggested that 5hmC may act as an independent epigenetic marker and contribute to the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yujing Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Junhai Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xiongwei Zhu
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China. Tel: +86-731-84327398; ; Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Tel: +1 404-727-3729; ; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Tel: +1-216-368-5903,
| | - Peng Jin
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China. Tel: +86-731-84327398; ; Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Tel: +1 404-727-3729; ; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Tel: +1-216-368-5903,
| | - Beisha Tang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China. Tel: +86-731-84327398; ; Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Tel: +1 404-727-3729; ; Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Tel: +1-216-368-5903,
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21
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He X, Pei S, Meng X, Hua Q, Zhang T, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhu X, Liu R, Guo Y, Chen L, Li D. Punicalagin Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis by Upregulating 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in the Diabetic Mouse Brain. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4995-5004. [PMID: 35412829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Punicalagin exerts neuroprotective activity by improving AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and mitochondrial Krebs cycle. AMPK and Krebs cycle metabolites regulate 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) via acting on ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes. Therefore, we hypothesized that punicalagin inhibits diabetes-related neuronal apoptosis by upregulating 5hmC in the diabetic mouse brain. C57BL/6J mice aged 8 weeks were randomly separated into five groups (n = 10), normal control (NC), diabetes mellitus (DM), resveratrol (RES), low-dose punicalagin (LPU), and high-dose punicalagin (HPU). Compared with other groups, the neuronal apoptosis rate was significantly higher and the 5hmC level of the cerebral cortex was significantly lower in the DM group. The levels of TET2 and P-AMPKα/AMPKα were significantly lower in the DM group than in both LPU and HPU groups. The ratio of (succinic acid + fumaric acid)/α-ketoglutarate was significantly higher in the DM group than in other groups. The present results suggest that punicalagin upregulates 5hmC via activating AMPK and maintaining Krebs cycle homeostasis, thus inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in the diabetic mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Shengjie Pei
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiangyuan Meng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qinglian Hua
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhizhao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Run Liu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yurong Guo
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Duo Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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22
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Gauvrit T, Benderradji H, Buée L, Blum D, Vieau D. Early-Life Environment Influence on Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:834661. [PMID: 35252195 PMCID: PMC8891536 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.834661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With the expand of the population’s average age, the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders has dramatically increased over the last decades. Alzheimer disease (AD) which is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease is mostly sporadic and primarily characterized by cognitive deficits and neuropathological lesions such as amyloid -β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyper- and/or abnormally phosphorylated Tau protein. AD is considered a complex disease that arises from the interaction between environmental and genetic factors, modulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Besides the well-described cognitive decline, AD patients also exhibit metabolic impairments. Metabolic and cognitive perturbations are indeed frequently observed in the Developmental Origin of Health and Diseases (DOHaD) field of research which proposes that environmental perturbations during the perinatal period determine the susceptibility to pathological conditions later in life. In this review, we explored the potential influence of early environmental exposure to risk factors (maternal stress, malnutrition, xenobiotics, chemical factors … ) and the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms on the programming of late-onset AD. Animal models indicate that offspring exposed to early-life stress during gestation and/or lactation increase both AD lesions, lead to defects in synaptic plasticity and finally to cognitive impairments. This long-lasting epigenetic programming could be modulated by factors such as nutriceuticals, epigenetic modifiers or psychosocial behaviour, offering thus future therapeutic opportunity to protect from AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Gauvrit
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Hamza Benderradji
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Luc Buée
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - David Blum
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Didier Vieau
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 LilNCog—Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, Université de Lille, Lille, France
- Alzheimer and Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- *Correspondence: Didier Vieau,
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23
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Sundaramoorthy TH, Castanho I. The Neuroepigenetic Landscape of Vertebrate and Invertebrate Models of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Epigenet Insights 2022; 15:25168657221135848. [PMID: 36353727 PMCID: PMC9638687 DOI: 10.1177/25168657221135848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate and invertebrate models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, have been paramount to our understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions; however, the brain epigenetic landscape is less well established in these disease models. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs are among commonly studied mechanisms of epigenetic regulation. Genome-wide studies and candidate studies of specific methylation marks, histone marks, and microRNAs have demonstrated the dysregulation of these mechanisms in models of neurodegenerative diseases; however, the studies to date are scarce and inconclusive and the implications of many of these changes are still not fully understood. In this review, we summarize epigenetic changes reported to date in the brain of vertebrate and invertebrate models used to study neurodegenerative diseases, specifically diseases affecting the aging population. We also discuss caveats of epigenetic research so far and the use of disease models to understand neurodegenerative diseases, with the aim of improving the use of model organisms in this context in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Castanho
- University of Exeter Medical School,
University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center,
Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,
USA
- Isabel Castanho, University of Exeter
Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK. Emails:
;
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24
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Gao X, Chen Q, Yao H, Tan J, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Zou Z. Epigenetics in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:911635. [PMID: 35813941 PMCID: PMC9260511 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.911635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with unknown pathogenesis and complex pathological manifestations. At present, a large number of studies on targeted drugs for the typical pathological phenomenon of AD (Aβ) have ended in failure. Although there are some drugs on the market that indirectly act on AD, their efficacy is very low and the side effects are substantial, so there is an urgent need to develop a new strategy for the treatment of AD. An increasing number of studies have confirmed epigenetic changes in AD. Although it is not clear whether these epigenetic changes are the cause or result of AD, they provide a new avenue of treatment for medical researchers worldwide. This article summarizes various epigenetic changes in AD, including DNA methylation, histone modification and miRNA, and concludes that epigenetics has great potential as a new target for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodie Gao
- Guangxi Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Scientific Research, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, China
| | - Hua Yao
- Guangxi Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jie Tan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Guangxi Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Zheng Liu,
| | - Yan Zhou
- Guangxi Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Yan Zhou,
| | - Zhenyou Zou
- Guangxi Key Lab of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Brain Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, China
- Zhenyou Zou,
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25
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Rabaneda-Bueno R, Mena-Montes B, Torres-Castro S, Torres-Carrillo N, Torres-Carrillo NM. Advances in Genetics and Epigenetic Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease: A Notion for Therapeutic Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1959. [PMID: 34946908 PMCID: PMC8700838 DOI: 10.3390/genes12121959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disabling neurodegenerative disorder that leads to long-term functional and cognitive impairment and greatly reduces life expectancy. Early genetic studies focused on tracking variations in genome-wide DNA sequences discovered several polymorphisms and novel susceptibility genes associated with AD. However, despite the numerous risk factors already identified, there is still no fully satisfactory explanation for the mechanisms underlying the onset of the disease. Also, as with other complex human diseases, the causes of low heritability are unclear. Epigenetic mechanisms, in which changes in gene expression do not depend on changes in genotype, have attracted considerable attention in recent years and are key to understanding the processes that influence age-related changes and various neurological diseases. With the recent use of massive sequencing techniques, methods for studying epigenome variations in AD have also evolved tremendously, allowing the discovery of differentially expressed disease traits under different conditions and experimental settings. This is important for understanding disease development and for unlocking new potential AD therapies. In this work, we outline the genomic and epigenomic components involved in the initiation and development of AD and identify potentially effective therapeutic targets for disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Rabaneda-Bueno
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- School of Biological Sciences, James Clerk Maxwell Building, The King’s Buildings Campus, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK
| | - Beatriz Mena-Montes
- Laboratorio de Biología del Envejecimiento, Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico;
| | - Sara Torres-Castro
- Departamento de Epidemiología Demográfica y Determinantes Sociales, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City 10200, Mexico;
| | - Norma Torres-Carrillo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (N.M.T.-C.)
| | - Nora Magdalena Torres-Carrillo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (N.M.T.-C.)
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26
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Qu W, Zhuang Y, Li X. The roles of epigenetic modifications in neurodegenerative diseases. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2021; 50:642-650. [PMID: 34986527 PMCID: PMC8732261 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In neuronal system, epigenetic modifications are essential for neuronal development, the fate determination of neural stem cells and neuronal function. The dysfunction of epigenetic regulation is closely related to occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease. Abnormally elevated DNA methylation inhibits the expression of some DNA repair-related genes and affects the progression of Huntington's disease. In the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients, the levels of H3K27ac and H3K9ac histone modifications increased. In addition, the alteration of RNA methylation in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease showed discrepancy trends. Therefore, epigenetic modifications may serve as potential therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize the recent progress of the roles of epigenetic modifications in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Qu
- of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Yingliang Zhuang
- of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Xuekun Li
- of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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27
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Differential Epigenetic Signature of Corticospinal Motor Neurons in ALS. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11060754. [PMID: 34200232 PMCID: PMC8230084 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticospinal motor neurons (CSMN) are an indispensable neuron population for the motor neuron circuitry. They are excitatory projection neurons, which collect information from different regions of the brain and transmit it to spinal cord targets, initiating and controlling motor function. CSMN degeneration is pronounced cellular event in motor neurons diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Genetic mutations contribute to only about ten percent of ALS. Thus understanding the involvement of other factors, such as epigenetic controls, is immensely valuable. Here, we investigated epigenomic signature of CSMN that become diseased due to misfolded SOD1 toxicity and TDP-43 pathology, by performing quantitative analysis of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethycytosine (5hmC) expression profiles during end-stage of the disease in hSOD1G93A, and prpTDP-43A315T mice. Our analysis revealed that expression of 5mC was specifically reduced in CSMN of both hSOD1G93A and prpTDP-43A315T mice. However, 5hmC expression was increased in the CSMN that becomes diseased due to misfolded SOD1 and decreased in CSMN that degenerates due to TDP-43 pathology. These results suggest the presence of a distinct difference between different underlying causes. These differential epigenetic events might modulate the expression profiles of select genes, and ultimately contribute to the different paths that lead to CSMN vulnerability in ALS.
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28
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Kuehner JN, Chen J, Bruggeman EC, Wang F, Li Y, Xu C, McEachin ZT, Li Z, Chen L, Hales CM, Wen Z, Yang J, Yao B. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is dynamically regulated during forebrain organoid development and aberrantly altered in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109042. [PMID: 33910000 PMCID: PMC8106871 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) undergoes dynamic changes during mammalian brain development, and its dysregulation is associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The dynamics of 5hmC during early human brain development and how they contribute to AD pathologies remain largely unexplored. We generate 5hmC and transcriptome profiles encompassing several developmental time points of healthy forebrain organoids and organoids derived from several familial AD patients. Stage-specific differentially hydroxymethylated regions demonstrate an acquisition or depletion of 5hmC modifications across developmental stages. Additionally, genes concomitantly increasing or decreasing in 5hmC and gene expression are enriched in neurobiological or early developmental processes, respectively. Importantly, our AD organoids corroborate cellular and molecular phenotypes previously observed in human AD brains. 5hmC is significantly altered in developmentally programmed 5hmC intragenic regions in defined fetal histone marks and enhancers in AD organoids. These data suggest a highly coordinated molecular system that may be dysregulated in these early developing AD organoids. Kuehner et al. use forebrain organoids derived from healthy controls to study the dynamics of 5hmC across early brain development. In addition, organoids derived from several AD patients reveal aberrant 5hmC patterns that could disrupt early neuronal networks and contribute to the onset of AD later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janise N Kuehner
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Junyu Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emily C Bruggeman
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yangping Li
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chongchong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zachary T McEachin
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Chen
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chadwick M Hales
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhexing Wen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Bing Yao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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