1
|
Angelidis G, Valotassiou V, Satra M, Psimadas D, Koutsikos J, Skoularigis J, Kollia P, Georgoulias P. Investigating the genetic characteristics of CAD: Is there a role for myocardial perfusion imaging techniques? J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:2909-2916. [PMID: 33141407 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several environmental and genetic factors have been found to influence the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). Although the effects of the environmental hazards on CAD pathophysiology are well documented, the genetic architecture of the disease remains quite unclear. A number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified based on the results of the genome-wide association studies. However, there is a lack of strong evidence regarding molecular causality. The minority of the reported predisposing variants can be related to the conventional risk factors of CAD, while most of the polymorphisms occur in non-protein-coding regions of the DNA. However, independently of the specific underlying mechanisms, genetic information could lead to the identification of a population at higher genetic risk for the long-term development of CAD. Myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are functional imaging techniques that can evaluate directly myocardial perfusion, and detect vascular and/or endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, these techniques could have a role in the investigation of the underlying mechanisms associated with the identified predisposing variants, advancing our understanding regarding molecular causality. In the population at higher genetic risk, myocardial SPECT or PET could provide important evidence through the early depiction of sub-clinical dysfunctions, well before any atherosclerosis marker could be identified. Notably, SPECT and PET techniques have been already used for the investigation of the functional consequences of several CAD-related polymorphisms, as well as the response to certain treatments (statins). Furthermore, therefore, in the clinical setting, the combination of genetic evidence with the findings of myocardial SPECT, or PET, functional imaging techniques could lead to more efficient screening methods and may improve decision making with regard to the diagnostic investigation and patients' management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Angelidis
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
| | - V Valotassiou
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - M Satra
- Biology & Genetics Laboratory, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - D Psimadas
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - J Koutsikos
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 401 General Military Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - J Skoularigis
- Department of Cardiology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - P Kollia
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - P Georgoulias
- Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maxwell WD, Ramsey LB, Johnson SG, Moore KG, Shtutman M, Schoonover JH, Kawaguchi-Suzuki M. Impact of Pharmacogenetics on Efficacy and Safety of Statin Therapy for Dyslipidemia. Pharmacotherapy 2017; 37:1172-1190. [DOI: 10.1002/phar.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney D. Maxwell
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences; University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy; Columbia South Carolina
| | - Laura B. Ramsey
- Division of Research in Patient Services-Pharmacy Research; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center; Cincinnati Ohio
| | - Samuel G. Johnson
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy; Washington District of Columbia
- Virginia Commonwealth University; Richmond Virginia
| | - Kate G. Moore
- Department of Pharmacy Practice; Presbyterian College School of Pharmacy; Clinton South Carolina
| | - Michael Shtutman
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences; University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy; Columbia South Carolina
| | - John H. Schoonover
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences; University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy; Columbia South Carolina
| | - Marina Kawaguchi-Suzuki
- School of Pharmacy; Pacific University College of Health Professions; Hillsboro Oregon
- Clinical Pharmacy Services; Kaiser Permanente Northwest; Portland Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taqueti VR, Ridker PM. Inflammation, coronary flow reserve, and microvascular dysfunction: moving beyond cardiac syndrome X. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2014; 6:668-71. [PMID: 23764095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
4
|
Kerola T, Lehtimäki T, Kähönen M, Nieminen T. Statin Pharmacogenomics: Lipid Response and Cardiovascular Outcomes. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-010-0081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
5
|
C-reactive Protein −717C>T Genetic Polymorphism Associates with Esophagectomy-induced Stress Hyperglycemia. World J Surg 2010; 34:1001-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-010-0456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
6
|
Motoyama S, Miura M, Hinai Y, Maruyama K, Usami S, Nakatsu T, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Suzuki T, Ogawa JI. C-Reactive Protein 1059G>CGenetic Polymorphism Influences Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels after Esophagectomy in Patients with Thoracic Esophageal Cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2009; 209:477-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2009.06.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
7
|
Motoyama S, Miura M, Hinai Y, Maruyama K, Usami S, Nakatsu T, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Murata K, Suzuki T, Ogawa JI. Interferon-gamma 874A>T genetic polymorphism is associated with infectious complications following surgery in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer. Surgery 2009; 146:931-8. [PMID: 19733878 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2009.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokines play a major role in the organization of orchestrated responses to infections, and there is an emerging consensus that cytokine gene polymorphisms mediate individual variations in cytokine expression. Our aim in this study was to assess whether cytokine polymorphisms were associated with infectious complications following esophagectomy in a Japanese population. METHODS The study participants were Japanese patients treated with transthoracic esophagectomy without neoadjuvant treatment. DNA was extracted from blood samples, and genetic polymorphisms for interferon (INF)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and -beta, transforming growth factor-beta1, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-2, IL-6, IL-6 receptor, IL-10, and IL-12beta were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. We then assessed the association between gene polymorphisms and postoperative infection. RESULTS Of the 110 patients studied, 18 (16%) developed a postoperative infection (pneumonia, 14 patients; pyothorax, 5; intraabdominal abscess, 1; neck abscess, 1; sepsis, 2). Although the characteristics of patients who developed postoperative infections did not differ, analysis of the genotypes using the Fisher exact test revealed a significantly (P = .0215) greater incidence of postoperative infections among those carrying the INF-gamma 874 (rs2430561) A/A and A/T genotypes. Moreover, univariate and multivariate logistic regression models showed patients carrying the INF-gamma 874A/T genotype were significantly more likely to develop postoperative infectious complications (odds ratio>3.4). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the IFN-gamma 874A>T polymorphism is potentially predictive of the likelihood that patients undergoing esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer will develop postoperative infections. This polymorphism may therefore have important clinical relevance and should be considered when treatment regimens are designed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Motoyama
- Department of Surgery, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Motoyama S, Miura M, Hinai Y, Maruyama K, Usami S, Saito H, Minamiya Y, Satoh S, Murata K, Suzuki T, Ogawa JI. CRP Genetic Polymorphism Is Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis in Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2009; 16:2479-2485. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-009-0525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
|
9
|
Mangravite LM, Thorn CF, Krauss RM. Clinical implications of pharmacogenomics of statin treatment. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2006; 6:360-74. [PMID: 16550210 DOI: 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L M Mangravite
- Department of Atherosclerosis Research, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schmitz G, Langmann T. Pharmacogenomics of cholesterol-lowering therapy. Vascul Pharmacol 2006; 44:75-89. [PMID: 16337220 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2005.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2005] [Accepted: 07/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The prevention of cardiovascular disease is critically dependent on lipid-lowering therapy, including 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins), cholesterol absorption inhibitors, bile acid resins, fibrates, and nicotinic acid. Although these drugs are generally well tolerated, severe adverse effects can occur in a minority of patients. Furthermore, a subset of patients does not respond to cholesterol-lowering therapy with a reduction in coronary heart disease progression. Significant progress has been made in the identification of common DNA sequence variations in genes influencing the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of statins and in disease-modifying genes relevant for coronary heart disease (CHD). Among the most promising candidate genes for pharmacogenomic analysis of statin therapy are HMG-CoA reductase as a direct target gene and other genes modulating lipid and lipoprotein homeostasis. Based on data from pharmacogenetic trials, a combined analysis of multiple genetic variants in several genes is more likely to give significant results than single gene studies in small cohorts. In the future, pharmacogenomic testing may allow risk stratification of patients to avoid serious side effects and enable clinicians to select lipid-lowering drugs with the highest efficacy resulting in the best response to therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Schmitz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Straub-Allee 11, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kornman KS. Interleukin 1 genetics, inflammatory mechanisms, and nutrigenetic opportunities to modulate diseases of aging. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83:475S-483S. [PMID: 16470016 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/83.2.475s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a central role in many diseases of aging, and genetic differences in the inflammatory response appear to influence different disease courses among individuals. Variations in the genes for the family of interleukin 1 (IL-1) proteins are inherited together in a small set of patterns and provide an example of the role of inflammatory genetics as a modifier of diseases of aging. The IL-1 genetic variations are associated with variation in both the inflammatory response and the clinical presentation of a range of diseases, including coronary artery disease, Alzheimer disease, gastric cancer, and periodontitis. This growing understanding of the role of genetic variation in inflammation and chronic disease presents opportunities to identify healthy persons who are at increased risk of disease and to potentially modify the trajectory of disease to prolong healthy aging. Nutrition represents one of the promising approaches to modulation of the risk of diseases of aging because of the effects of certain nutrients on gene expression. One of the most practical applications of nutritional modulation of chronic disease may be nutrients that regulate the expression of key inflammatory genes.
Collapse
|
12
|
Siest G, Marteau JB, Maumus S, Berrahmoune H, Jeannesson E, Samara A, Batt AM, Visvikis-Siest S. Pharmacogenomics and cardiovascular drugs: need for integrated biological system with phenotypes and proteomic markers. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 527:1-22. [PMID: 16316654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2005] [Revised: 09/23/2005] [Accepted: 10/05/2005] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Personalized medicine is based on a better knowledge of biological variability, considering the important part due to genetics. When trying to identify involved genes and their products in differential cardiovascular drug responses, a five-step strategy is to be followed: 1) Pharmacokinetic-related genes and phenotypes (2) Pharmacodynamic targets, genes and products (3) Cardiovascular diseases and risks depending on specific or large metabolic cycles (4) Physiological variations of previously identified genes and proteins (5) Environment influences on them. After summarizing the most well-known genes involved in drug metabolism, we will take as example of drugs, the statins, considered as very important drugs from a Public-Health standpoint, but also for economical reasons. These drugs respond differently in human depending on multiple polymorphisms. We will give examples with common ApoE polymorphisms influencing the hypolipemic effects of statins. These drugs also have pleiotropic effects and decrease inflammatory markers. This illustrates the need to separate clinical diseases phenotypes in specific metabolic pathways, which could propose other classifications, of diseases and related genes. Hypertension is also a good example of clinical phenotype which should be followed after various therapeutic approaches by genes polymorphisms and proteins markers. Gene products are under clear environmental expression variations such as age, body mass index and obesity, alcohol, tobacco and dietary interventions which are the first therapeutical actions taken in cardiovascular diseases. But at each of the five steps, within a pharmacoproteomic strategy, we also need to use available information from peptides, proteins and metabolites, which usually are the gene products. A profiling approach, i.e., dealing with genomics, but now also with proteomics, is to be used. In conclusion, the profiling, as well as the large amount of data, will more than before render necessary an organized interpretation of DNA, RNA as well as proteins variations, both at individual and population level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Siest
- Inserm U525 Equipe 4, Université Henri Poincaré Nancy I, 30 rue Lionnois Faculté de Pharmacie, 54000 Nancy, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zineh I. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor pharmacogenomics: overview and implications for practice. Future Cardiol 2005; 1:191-206. [DOI: 10.1517/14796678.1.2.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely prescribed and recommended as first-line therapy for most patients with hypercholesterolemia or established coronary heart disease. However, there is interpatient variability in lipid-lowering response to statins that is not explained by initial cholesterol levels and inadequate dosing alone. Genetic polymorphisms may contribute. This review discusses the potential contribution of polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in drug metabolism and transport, cholesterol biosynthesis, lipid metabolism and others to lipid responses to statins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Issam Zineh
- University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, PO Box 100486, Gainesville, FL 32610, USATel.: Fax:
| |
Collapse
|