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Olarte L, Banerjee D, Swanson D, Tabakh J, Lee B, Harrison CJ, Selvarangan R. Pneumococcal Colonization in Children With Persistent Asthma: A Retrospective Cohort. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2024:00006454-990000000-00900. [PMID: 38900076 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000004438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common chronic medical condition among children ≥5 years of age with invasive pneumococcal disease. How asthma or its management affects pneumococcal colonization is not fully understood. Our objective was to compare pneumococcal colonization rates between children with persistent asthma and children without asthma, and to characterize the pneumococcal serotype distribution. METHODS We used nasal mid-turbinate samples obtained per routine care from 5- to 18-year-old children with upper respiratory symptoms from November to April (respiratory seasons) of 2017 to 2018 and 2018 to 2019 in Kansas City, United States. Pneumococcal immunization status, prior antibiotic use and other clinical data were collected. Samples were tested for pneumococcal colonization by real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting lytA gene. Positive samples underwent multiplex serotype-specific polymerase chain reaction assays to determine the serotype. RESULTS Of 363 children (120 with persistent asthma and 243 without asthma), 87.6% were 5 to 10 years old, 50.1% were female and 74.1% received ≥3 doses of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. The pneumococcal colonization rate was lower in children with persistent asthma than in children without asthma (10% versus 18.9%, P = 0.03). The odds of colonization were lower in children with persistent asthma [OR 0.4 (95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.9)] after adjusting for demographic and clinical data. Pneumococcal serotype was confirmed in 77.6% of positive samples; 35.6% of those samples corresponded to PCV13 serotypes and 64.4% to non-PCV13 serotypes. The most common serotypes were 19F (15%), 3 (13%) and 6C/6D (11%). CONCLUSIONS Children with persistent asthma had lower rates of pneumococcal colonization than children without asthma when seeking care for respiratory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liset Olarte
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Missouri
| | - Dithi Banerjee
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Missouri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Douglas Swanson
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Missouri
| | - Jennifer Tabakh
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Brian Lee
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Missouri
| | - Christopher J Harrison
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Missouri
| | - Rangaraj Selvarangan
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Missouri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Missouri
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Su D, Luo X, Chen J, Lu N, Zhao J, Wan Y, Gao Y, Liu Q, Luo Z. Construction of a three-dimensional inflammation model of human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B by using the self-assembling D-form peptide Sciobio-Ⅲ. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 704:149701. [PMID: 38408415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Human bronchial epithelial cells in the airway system, as the primary barrier between humans and the surrounding environment, assume a crucial function in orchestrating the processes of airway inflammation. Target to develop a new three-dimensional (3D) inflammatory model to airway system, and here we report a strategy by using self-assembling D-form peptide to cover the process. By testing physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of Sciobio-Ⅲ, we confirmed that it can rapidly self-assembles under the trigger of ions to form a 3D nanonetwork-like scaffold, which supports 3D cell culture including the cell strains like BEAS-2B cells. Subsequently, inflammation model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the expression of some markers of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-8 (IL-8), the levels of relevant inflammatory factors were measured by RT-qPCR and the secretion profile of inflammatory cytokines by ELISA, are obtained the quite difference effects in 2D and 3D microenvironment, which suggested Sciobio-Ⅲ hydrogel is an ideal scaffold that create the microenvironment for 3D cell culture. Here we are success to establish a 3D inflammation model for airway system. This innovative model allows for rapid and accurate evaluation of drug metabolism and toxicological side effects, hope to use in drug screening for airway inflammatory diseases and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Su
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xinyi Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jialei Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Na Lu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuan Wan
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Yu Gao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qichen Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhongli Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Zhuo Z, Nie J, Xie B, Wang F, Shi M, Jiang Y, Zhu W. A comprehensive study of Ephedra sinica Stapf-Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill herb pair on airway protection in asthma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117614. [PMID: 38113990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ephedra sinica Stapf (Mahuang) and Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (Wuweizi) are commonly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cough and asthma. The synergistic effect of Mahuang-Wuweizi herb pair enhances their efficacy in alleviating respiratory symptoms, making them extensively employed in the management of respiratory disorders. Although previous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of Mahuang-Wuweizi in pulmonary fibrosis, the precise mechanism underlying their effectiveness against asthma remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study is to investigate the mechanism underlying the preventive and therapeutic effects of Mahuang-Wuweizi herb pair on asthma progression, focusing on airway inflammation and airway remodeling. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active constituents and potential mechanisms of Mahuang-Wuweizi in the management of asthma were elucidated through network pharmacology analysis. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to detect the main components of Mahuang-Wuweizi decoction. A rat model of bronchial asthma was established, and the effects of Mahuang-Wuweizi were investigated using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting (WB), and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS The results of network pharmacological prediction showed that Mahuang had 22 active components and Wuweizi had 8 active components, with 225 potential targets. 1159 targets associated with asthma and 115 targets that overlap between drugs and diseases were identified. These include interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Tumor Protein 53, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as well as other essential targets. Additionally, there is a potential correlation between asthma and Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/Protein Kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, calcium ion channels, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways. The animal experiment results demonstrated that treatment with Mahuang and Wuweizi, in comparison to the model group, exhibited improvements in lung tissue pathological injury, reduction in collagen fiber accumulation around the airway and proliferation of airway smooth muscle, decrease in concentration levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in lung tissue, as well as alleviation of airway inflammation. Furthermore, Mahuang and Wuweizi suppressed the expression of phospholipase C (PLC), transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), NF-κB P65 protein in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized rat lung tissue and downregulated the mRNA expression of PLC, TRPC1, PI3K, AKT, NF-κB P65 in asthmatic rats. These findings were consistent with network pharmacological analysis. CONCLUSION The results show that the synergistic interaction between Mahuang and Wuweizi occur, and they can effectively reduce airway remodeling and airway inflammation induced by inhaling OVA in bronchial asthma rats by inhibiting the expression of PLC/TRPC1/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, Mahuang and Wuweizi may be potential drugs to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zushun Zhuo
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Jianhua Nie
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Bin Xie
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Min Shi
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Yini Jiang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Britt RD, Ruwanpathirana A, Ford ML, Lewis BW. Macrophages Orchestrate Airway Inflammation, Remodeling, and Resolution in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10451. [PMID: 37445635 PMCID: PMC10341920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogenous chronic inflammatory lung disease with endotypes that manifest different immune system profiles, severity, and responses to current therapies. Regardless of endotype, asthma features increased immune cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine release, and airway remodeling. Lung macrophages are also heterogenous in that there are separate subsets and, depending on the environment, different effector functions. Lung macrophages are important in recruitment of immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes that enhance allergic inflammation and initiate T helper cell responses. Persistent lung remodeling including mucus hypersecretion, increased airway smooth muscle mass, and airway fibrosis contributes to progressive lung function decline that is insensitive to current asthma treatments. Macrophages secrete inflammatory mediators that induce airway inflammation and remodeling. Additionally, lung macrophages are instrumental in protecting against pathogens and play a critical role in resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. This review summarizes current literature detailing the roles and existing knowledge gaps for macrophages as key inflammatory orchestrators in asthma pathogenesis. We also raise the idea that modulating inflammatory responses in lung macrophages is important for alleviating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D. Britt
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anushka Ruwanpathirana
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Maria L. Ford
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Brandon W. Lewis
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA; (R.D.B.J.); (A.R.); (M.L.F.)
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Bruno S, Lamberty A, McCoy M, Mark Z, Daphtary N, Aliyeva M, Butnor K, Poynter ME, Anathy V, Cunniff B. Deletion of Miro1 in airway club cells potentiates allergic asthma phenotypes. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1187945. [PMID: 37377691 PMCID: PMC10291198 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1187945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifaceted organelles necessary for numerous cellular signaling and regulatory processes. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, trafficked and anchored to subcellular sites depending upon the cellular and tissue requirements. Precise localization of mitochondria to apical and basolateral membranes in lung epithelial cells is important for key mitochondrial processes. Miro1 is an outer mitochondrial membrane GTPase that associates with adapter proteins and microtubule motors to promote intracellular movement of mitochondria. We show that deletion of Miro1 in lung epithelial cells leads to perinuclear clustering of mitochondria. However, the role of Miro1 in epithelial cell response to allergic insults remains unknown. We generated a conditional mouse model to delete Miro1 in Club Cell Secretory Protein (CCSP) positive lung epithelial cells to examine the potential roles of Miro1 and mitochondrial trafficking in the lung epithelial response to the allergen, house dust mite (HDM). Our data show that Miro1 suppresses epithelial induction and maintenance of the inflammatory response to allergen, as Miro1 deletion modestly induces increases in pro-inflammatory signaling, specifically IL-6, IL-33, CCL20 and eotaxin levels, tissue reorganization, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Furthermore, loss of Miro1 in CCSP+ lung epithelial cells blocks resolution of the asthmatic insult. This study further demonstrates the important contribution of mitochondrial dynamic processes to the airway epithelial allergen response and the pathophysiology of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Bruno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Amelia Lamberty
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Margaret McCoy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Zoe Mark
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Nirav Daphtary
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Minara Aliyeva
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Kelly Butnor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Matthew E. Poynter
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Brian Cunniff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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6
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Thiam F, Yazeedi SA, Feng K, Phogat S, Demirsoy E, Brussow J, Abokor FA, Osei ET. Understanding fibroblast-immune cell interactions via co-culture models and their role in asthma pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1128023. [PMID: 36911735 PMCID: PMC9996007 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic lung disease involving airway inflammation and fibrosis. Fibroblasts are the main effector cells important for lung tissue production which becomes abnormal in asthmatics and is one of the main contributors to airway fibrosis. Although fibroblasts were traditionally viewed solely as structural cells, they have been discovered to be highly active, and involved in lung inflammatory and fibrotic processes in asthma. In line with this, using 2D and 3D in vitro co-culture models, a complex interaction between lung fibroblasts and various immune cells important for the pathogenesis of asthma have been recently uncovered. Hence, in this review, we provide the first-ever summary of various studies that used 2D and 3D in vitro co-culture models to assess the nature of aberrant immune cell-fibroblast interactions and their contributions to chronic inflammation and fibrotic mechanisms in asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Thiam
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - S Al Yazeedi
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - K Feng
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - S Phogat
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - E Demirsoy
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - J Brussow
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - F A Abokor
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - E T Osei
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.,Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Kulkarni A, Kediya DA. A Multi-Point View of Genetic Factors Affecting Hereditary Transmissibility of Asthma. Cureus 2022; 14:e28768. [PMID: 36225476 PMCID: PMC9531716 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Moheimani F, Shahdab N, Cummings S, Hansbro PM, Ward C. Key role of dysregulated airway epithelium in response to respiratory viral infections in asthma. ERJ Open Res 2022; 8:00314-2022. [PMID: 36171982 PMCID: PMC9511154 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00314-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We congratulate Raviet al. [1] for their recent paper in ERJ Open Research, “Imprinting of bronchial epithelial cells upon in vivo rhinovirus infection in people with asthma”. We would like to discuss their study and make some contributions. A differentiated air–liquid interface model shows that the airway epithelium plays a key role in response to respiratory viral infections in people with asthmahttps://bit.ly/3yDgiX1
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9
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Skeens E, Gadzuk-Shea M, Shah D, Bhandari V, Schweppe DK, Berlow RB, Lisi GP. Redox-dependent structure and dynamics of macrophage migration inhibitory factor reveal sites of latent allostery. Structure 2022; 30:840-850.e6. [PMID: 35381187 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional immunoregulatory protein that is a key player in the innate immune response. Given its overexpression at sites of inflammation and in diseases marked by increasingly oxidative environments, a comprehensive understanding of how cellular redox conditions impact the structure and function of MIF is necessary. We used NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry to investigate biophysical signatures of MIF under varied solution redox conditions. Our results indicate that the MIF structure is modified and becomes increasingly dynamic in an oxidative environment, which may be a means to alter the MIF conformation and functional response in a redox-dependent manner. We identified latent allosteric sites within MIF through mutational analysis of redox-sensitive residues, revealing that a loss of redox-responsive residues attenuates CD74 receptor activation. Leveraging sites of redox sensitivity as targets for structure-based drug design therefore reveals an avenue to modulate MIF function in its "disease state."
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Skeens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Meagan Gadzuk-Shea
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dilip Shah
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Vineet Bhandari
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
| | - Devin K Schweppe
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rebecca B Berlow
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - George P Lisi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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Abstract
About 30 years ago, the discovery of CPP improved the therapeutic approach to treat diseases and extended the range of potential targets to intracellular molecules. There are potential drug candidates for FDA approval based on active studies in basic research, preclinical, and clinical trials. Various attempts by CPP application to control the diseases such as allergy, autoimmunity, cancer, and infection demonstrated a strategy to make a new drug pipeline for successful discovery of a biologic drug for immune modulation. However, there are still no CPP-based drug candidates for immune-related diseases in the clinical stage. To control immune responses successfully, not only increasing delivery efficiency of CPPs but also selecting potential target cells and cargoes could be important issues. In particular, as it becomes possible to control intracellular targets, efforts to find various novel potential target are being attempted. In this chapter, we focused on CPP-based approaches to treat diseases through modulation of immune responses and discussed for perspectives on future direction of the research for successful application of CPP technology to immune modulation and disease therapy in clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja-Hyun Koo
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ju Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Min Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Liu Y, Wei L, He C, Chen R, Meng L. Lipoxin A4 inhibits ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and airway remodeling in a mouse model of asthma. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 349:109660. [PMID: 34537180 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease, which is characterized by airway inflammation, remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. Airway remodeling is caused by long-term inflammation of the airways. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is a natural eicosanoid with powerful anti-inflammatory properties, and has been shown to serve a critical role in orchestrating pulmonary inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness in asthmatic mice. However, its effect on airway remodeling is unknown. Female BALB/c mice were used to establish a mouse model of asthma which were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin (OVA). LXA4 was intranasally administrated prior to the challenge. The results of our study indicated that LXA4 suppressed the OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines secretion in the mouse model of asthma. Characteristics of airway remodeling, such as thickening of the bronchial wall and smooth muscle, overdeposition of collagen, and overexpression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen-I were reversed by LXA4. Furthermore, LXA4 suppressed the aberrant activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that LXA4 alleviated allergic airway inflammation and remodeling in asthmatic mice, which may be related to the inhibition of STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Ling Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
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Choi JH, Kim JY, Yi MH, Kim M, Yong TS. Anisakis pegreffii Extract Induces Airway Inflammation with Airway Remodeling in a Murine Model System. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2522305. [PMID: 34580637 PMCID: PMC8464433 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2522305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of the respiratory system to the Anisakis pegreffii L3 crude extract (AE) induces airway inflammation; however, the mechanism underlying this inflammatory response remains unknown. AE contains allergens that promote allergic inflammation; exposure to AE may potentially lead to asthma. In this study, we aimed to establish a murine model to assess the effects of AE on characteristic features of chronic asthma, including airway hypersensitivity (AHR), airway inflammation, and airway remodeling. Mice were sensitized for five consecutive days each week for 4 weeks. AHR, lung inflammation, and airway remodeling were evaluated 24 h after the last exposure. Lung inflammation and airway remodeling were assessed from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). To confirm the immune response in the lungs, changes in gene expression in the lung tissue were assessed with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The levels of IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a in blood and cytokine levels in the BALF, splenocyte, and lung lymph node (LLN) culture supernatant were measured with ELISA. An increase in AHR was prominently observed in AE-exposed mice. Epithelial proliferation and infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed in the BALF and lung tissue sections. Collagen deposition was detected in lung tissues. AE exposure increased IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 expression in the lung, as well as the levels of antibodies specific to AE. IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 were upregulated only in LLN. These findings indicate that an increase in IL-4+ CD4+ T cells in the LLN and splenocyte resulted in increased Th2 response to AE exposure. Exposure of the respiratory system to AE resulted in an increased allergen-induced Th2 inflammatory response and AHR through accumulation of inflammatory and IL-4+ CD4+ T cells and collagen deposition. It was confirmed that A. pegreffii plays an essential role in causing asthma in mouse models and has the potential to cause similar effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Choi
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine & Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine & Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-hee Yi
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine & Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjun Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine & Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine & Arthropods of Medical Importance Resource Bank, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive K+ Channel Opening Increased the Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation by Activating the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Asthma. Can Respir J 2021; 2021:8899878. [PMID: 34336047 PMCID: PMC8289566 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8899878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) leads to airway remodeling and the development of asthma. This study aimed to assess whether mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ (mitoKATP) channels regulated the proliferation of ASMCs by regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway in asthmatic rats. Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats were immunized with ovalbumin-containing alum to establish the asthma models. The ASMCs were isolated and identified by phase-contrast microscopic images and immunohistochemical staining for α-smooth muscle actin. The ASMCs were treated with a potent activator of mitoKATP, diazoxide, or an inhibitor of mitoKATP, 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD). Rhodamine-123 (R-123) was used for detecting the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). The proliferation of ASMCs was examined by the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The protein and mRNA expressions of AKT and p-AKT were detected using western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that diazoxide enhanced the mitoKATP channel opening in ASMCs in the rat model of asthma, while 5-HD impeded it. Diazoxide also increased ASMC proliferation in the rat model of asthma, whereas 5-HD alleviated it. However, LY294002, a PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor, reversed the functional roles of diazoxide in the proliferation ability of ASMCs in the rat model of asthma. Furthermore, treatment with diazoxide induced the phosphorylation of AKT, and treatment with 5-HD decreased the phosphorylation of AKT in ASMCs in the rat model of asthma. In conclusion, the mitoKATP channel opening increased the proliferation of ASMCs by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in a rat model of asthma.
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Looi K, Kicic A, Noble PB, Wang KCW. Intrauterine growth restriction predisposes to airway inflammation without disruption of epithelial integrity in postnatal male mice. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2021; 12:496-504. [PMID: 32799948 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Evidence from animal models demonstrate that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) alters airway structure and function which may affect susceptibility to disease. Airway inflammation and dysregulated epithelial barrier properties are features of asthma which have not been examined in the context of IUGR. This study used a maternal hypoxia-induced IUGR mouse model to assess lung-specific and systemic inflammation and airway epithelial tight junctions (TJs) protein expression. Pregnant BALB/c mice were housed under hypoxic conditions (10.5% O2) from gestational day (GD) 11 to 17.5 (IUGR group; term, GD 21). Following hypoxic exposure, mice were returned to a normoxic environment (21% O2). A Control group was housed under normoxic conditions throughout pregnancy. Offspring weights were recorded at 2 and 8 weeks of age and euthanized for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and peritoneal cavity fluid collection for inflammatory cells counts. From a separate group of mice, right lungs were collected for Western blotting of TJs proteins. IUGR offspring had greater inflammatory cells in the BAL fluid but not in peritoneal fluid compared with Controls. At 8 weeks of age, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-13, and eotaxin concentrations were higher in male IUGR compared with male Control offspring but not in females. IUGR had no effect on TJs protein expression. Maternal hypoxia-induced IUGR increases inflammatory cells in the BAL fluid of IUGR offspring with no difference in TJs protein expression. Increased cytokine release, specific to the lungs of IUGR male offspring, indicates that both IUGR and sex can influence susceptibility to airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Looi
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA6009, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA6102, Australia
| | - Anthony Kicic
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA6009, Australia
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA6102, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA6009, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, WA6009, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA6009, Australia
| | - Peter B Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA6009, Australia
| | - Kimberley C W Wang
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA6009, Australia
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA6009, Australia
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Lim YS, Choi YJ, Kim BH, Kim HB, Cho CG, Park SW, Park JH. Changes in Tracheal Respiratory Mucosa After Thyroidectomy: A Rat Model. In Vivo 2021; 34:1133-1140. [PMID: 32354902 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed to investigate changes in the tracheal mucosa after thyroidectomy, that can be a cause of post-thyroidectomy discomfort. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty rats were divided into normal controls and 3 surgical groups: (i) thyroid isthmectomy with cauterization, (ii) isthmectomy by a cold instrument without hemostasis, and (iii) sham (exposure of the trachea and thyroid gland without thyroidectomy by dissection through pretracheal fascia). Animals were euthanized at 1 and 4 weeks. Mucosal edema and glandular hyperplasia were measured. Mucin production and basal cell activities were evaluated by mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) and keratin 5 (KRT5) using immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Larger mucosal areas were observed in all surgical groups at 1 and 4 weeks. More submucosal glandular hyperplasia was noted in the group with isthmectomy without hemostasis. MUC5AC and KRT5 expressions were significantly higher in the surgical groups. CONCLUSION The tracheal mucosa may change after surgery, which could explain postoperative discomfort after thyroidectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sung Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Hae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Bok Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gun Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Won Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Li L, Cheng Y, Tu X, Yang J, Wang C, Zhang M, Lu Z. Association between asthma and invasive pneumococcal disease risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2020; 16:94. [PMID: 33292446 PMCID: PMC7653896 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-020-00492-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Asthma has been shown to be related to an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), although the results remain inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine whether asthma increases the risk of IPD. This meta-analysis was performed to validate and strengthen the association between asthma and IPD. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the reference lists of all relevant articles and books were screened until May 2019. Two authors independently assessed eligibility and study quality and extracted data. A common odds ratio was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis model of aggregated published data. Results A total of eight studies with 8877 IPD cases and 78,366 controls were included. Our meta-analysis showed that asthma was significantly associated with the increased risk of IPD (OR 2.44 [95% CI, 2.02–2.96]). The children with asthma (0–17 years old) (OR 2.86 [95% CI 1.80–4.55]) had a higher risk of IPD susceptibility compared with the adult patients (≥ 18 years old) (OR 2.45 [95% CI 1.98–3.03]). Conclusions Results of this meta-analysis indicated that the patients with asthma had a higher risk of IPD susceptibility, especially among the children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yusheng Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiongwen Tu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Chenghui Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
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Choudhary I, Vo T, Paudel K, Patial S, Saini Y. Compartment-specific transcriptomics of ozone-exposed murine lungs reveals sex- and cell type-associated perturbations relevant to mucoinflammatory lung diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L99-L125. [PMID: 33026818 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00381.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone is known to cause lung injury, and resident cells of the respiratory tract (i.e., epithelial cells and macrophages) respond to inhaled ozone in a variety of ways that affect their survival, morphology, and functioning. However, a complete understanding of the sex-associated and the cell type-specific gene expression changes in response to ozone exposure is still limited. Through transcriptome profiling, we aimed to analyze gene expression alterations and associated enrichment of biological pathways in three distinct cell type-enriched compartments of ozone-exposed murine lungs. We subchronically exposed adult male and female mice to 0.8 ppm ozone or filtered air. RNA-Seq was performed on airway epithelium-enriched airways, parenchyma, and purified airspace macrophages. Differential gene expression and biological pathway analyses were performed and supported by cellular and immunohistochemical analyses. While a majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ozone-exposed versus air-exposed groups were common between both sexes, sex-specific DEGs were also identified in all of the three tissue compartments. As compared with ozone-exposed males, ozone-exposed females had significant alterations in gene expression in three compartments. Pathways relevant to cell division and DNA repair were enriched in the ozone-exposed airways, indicating ozone-induced airway injury and repair, which was further supported by immunohistochemical analyses. In addition to cell division and DNA repair pathways, inflammatory pathways were also enriched within the parenchyma, supporting contribution by both epithelial and immune cells. Further, immune response and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions were enriched in macrophages, indicating ozone-induced macrophage activation. Finally, our analyses also revealed the overall upregulation of mucoinflammation- and mucous cell metaplasia-associated pathways following ozone exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Choudhary
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Thao Vo
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Kshitiz Paudel
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Sonika Patial
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Yogesh Saini
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
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18
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease of human beings characterized by not fully reversible airflow limitation. Emphysema is the main pathological feature of COPD which causes high mortality worldwide every year and consumes a large amount of medical expenses. This paper was to review the establishment and evaluation methods of animal models of emphysema or COPD, and put forward some new ideas on animal selection, method of modeling, and model evaluation. DATA SOURCES The author retrieved information from the PubMed database up to July 2019, using various combinations of search terms, including emphysema, model, and animal. STUDY SELECTION Original articles, reviews, and other articles were searched and reviewed for animal models of emphysema. RESULTS This review summarized animal models of emphysema from the perspectives of animal selection, emphysema mechanism, modeling method and model evaluation, and found that passive smoking is the classic method for developing animal model of emphysema, mice are more suitable for experimental study on emphysema. Compared with pulmonary function indicators, airway inflammation indicators and oxidative stress indicators, pathomorphological indicators of lung tissue are the most important parameters for evaluating the establishment of the animal model of emphysema. CONCLUSIONS Mice model induced by passive smoking is the classic animal model of emphysema. Pathomorphological indicators are the most important parameters for evaluating the establishment of the animal model of emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Bin Liang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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19
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Abbas AS, Ghozy S, Minh LHN, Hashan MR, Soliman AL, Van NT, Hirayama K, Huy NT. Honey in Bronchial Asthma: From Folk Tales to Scientific Facts. J Med Food 2019; 22:543-550. [PMID: 31135254 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.4303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. Complementary and alternative medicine is increasingly used for treating bronchial asthma. Ten electronic databases were searched to investigate whether honey alone or in combination with other ingredients can be considered as the potential treatment for bronchial asthma. Combinations of honey and Nigella sativa (NS) showed significant improvement in all pulmonary functions, including forced expiratory volume (FEV1) (MD = 0.52, P < .001), forced vital capacity (FVC) (MD = 0.55, P = .002), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) (MD = 80.60, P < .001), in both moderate and severe, uncontrolled persistent asthma compared with baseline. Asthma control test scores also improved significantly (MD = 11.22, P < .001) in patients using combinations of honey and NS compared with baseline. Patients with a less severe grade of asthma showed a significant positive response in clinical parameters upon using honey. One study showed that using celery seeds and honey was associated with clinical improvement of both lung functions, FEV1 (MD = 18.09, P < .001) and FVC (MD = 24.23, P < .001), and respiratory parameters compared with baseline. In conclusion, honey alone has no strong evidence of being effective in controlling asthma. However, when used in combination with other substances, it showed a relatively high efficacy in patients with asthma. This finding may help in asthma control with lower cost alternatives and better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzhraa Salah Abbas
- 1 Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,2 Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Sherief Ghozy
- 2 Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,3 Neurosurgery Department, El Sheikh Zayed Specialized Hospital, Giza, Egypt
| | - Le Huu Nhat Minh
- 2 Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,4 Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Mohammad Rashidul Hashan
- 2 Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,5 International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ali Lotfy Soliman
- 2 Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,6 Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nguyen Thanh Van
- 2 Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,4 Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- 7 Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Leading Graduate School Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- 8 Evidence-Based Medicine Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,9 Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,10 Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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20
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Kasetty G, Bhongir RKV, Papareddy P, Tufvesson E, Stenberg H, Bjermer L, Hultgårdh‐Nilsson A, Herwald H, Egesten A. Osteopontin protects against pneumococcal infection in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. Allergy 2019; 74:663-674. [PMID: 30362569 DOI: 10.1111/all.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In atopic asthma, chronic Th2-biased inflammation is associated with an increased risk of pneumococcal infection. The anionic phosphoglycoprotein osteopontin (OPN) is highly expressed in asthma and has been ascribed several roles during inflammation. This study aimed to investigate whether OPN affects inflammation and vulnerability to pneumococcal infection in atopic asthma. METHODS House dust mite (HDM) extract was used to induce allergic airway inflammation in both wild-type (Spp1+/+ ) and OPN knockout (Spp1-/- ) C57BL/6J mice, and the airway was then infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Parameters reflecting inflammation, tissue injury, and bacterial burden were measured. In addition, samples from humans with allergic asthma were analyzed. RESULTS Both allergen challenge in individuals with allergic asthma and the intranasal instillation of HDM in mice resulted in increased OPN levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). More immune cells (including alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes) and higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines were found in Spp1-/- mice than in Spp1+/+ mice. Moreover, OPN-deficient mice exhibited increased levels of markers reflecting tissue injury. Upon infection with S. pneumoniae, Spp1+/+ mice with allergic airway inflammation had a significantly lower bacterial burden in both BALF and lung tissue than did Spp1-/- mice. Furthermore, Spp1-/- mice had higher levels of cytokines and immune cells in BALF than did Spp1+/+ mice. CONCLUSION OPN reduces inflammation, decreases tissue injury, and reduces bacterial loads during concurrent pneumococcal infection and allergic airway inflammation in a murine model. These findings suggest that OPN significantly affects vulnerability to pneumococcal infection in atopic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Kasetty
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Respiratory Medicine & Allergology Skåne University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Ravi K. V. Bhongir
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Respiratory Medicine & Allergology Skåne University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Praveen Papareddy
- Infection Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Lund University Skåne University Hospital Lund Sweden
| | - Ellen Tufvesson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Respiratory Medicine & Allergology Skåne University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Henning Stenberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Respiratory Medicine & Allergology Skåne University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Respiratory Medicine & Allergology Skåne University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden
| | | | - Heiko Herwald
- Infection Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Lund University Skåne University Hospital Lund Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund Respiratory Medicine & Allergology Skåne University Hospital Lund University Lund Sweden
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Chen Y, Qiao L, Zhang Z, Hu G, Zhang J, Li H. Let-7a inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of human asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:3327-3334. [PMID: 30988708 PMCID: PMC6447815 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the changes of let-7a expression in asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) and to analyze its effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of ASMCs, as well as the potential mechanism of action. Let-7a expression levels in ASMCs from asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. Furthermore, let-7a mimics were transfected in vitro into ASMCs isolated from asthmatic patients, and the effect of let-7a on ASMC proliferation was examined using a Cell Counting Kit-8. In addition, the influence of let-7a on ASMC apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry and a caspase-3/7 activity assay. Target genes of let-7a were predicted using bioinformatics software, and the direct regulatory effect of let-7a on the potential target gene signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was verified through a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay combined with RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that let-7a expression was significantly lower in ASMCs of asthmatic subjects compared with that in ASMCs of normal subjects. Furthermore, upregulation of let-7a expression in asthmatic ASMCs markedly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. The results of the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that let-7a selectively binds with the 3′-untranslated region of the STAT3 mRNA. In addition, let-7a mimics evidently reduced the mRNA and protein expression levels of STAT3 in asthmatic ASMCs. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that let-7a expression is downregulated in ASMCs from asthmatic patients. Furthermore, let-7a suppresses the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of human asthmatic ASMCs, which may, at least partially, be associated with the downregulation of STAT3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Center Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Lujun Qiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Center Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Zewen Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Guoxin Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Center Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Center Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Hongjia Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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Yii AC, Soh AZ, Chee CBE, Wang YT, Yuan JM, Koh WP. Asthma, Sinonasal Disease, and the Risk of Active Tuberculosis. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2018; 7:641-648.e1. [PMID: 30130591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although asthma is associated with impaired lung immunity, it is unclear whether asthma affects the risk of active tuberculosis (TB). Because the upper and lower airways are immunologically related, sinonasal disease may also modify susceptibility to TB disease. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether asthma and sinonasal disease prospectively modulate the risk of active TB in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. METHODS In this population-based prospective cohort, we recruited 63,257 Chinese adults aged 45 to 74 years from 1993 to 1998 in Singapore, and conducted follow-up I interviews among 52,325 surviving participants from 1999 to 2004. Data on self-reported history of physician-diagnosed sinonasal disease were collected at baseline, and data on asthma and chronic bronchitis were collected at follow-up I interviews. Active TB cases were identified by linkage with the National TB Notification Registry through December 2014. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the risk of active TB. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 17 years from recruitment, there were 1249 cases of active TB, and among them, 678 cases were diagnosed in the 12-year period from follow-up I interviews. We observed reduced risk of active TB in those with a history of asthma at follow-up I (hazard ratio [HR], 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.93) or sinonasal disease at baseline (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36-0.95). Conversely, history of chronic bronchitis was not associated with risk of TB (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.68-1.31). CONCLUSIONS Asthma or sinonasal disease may modulate immunological response to reduce the incidence of active TB in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C Yii
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore; Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Avril Z Soh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cynthia B E Chee
- Singapore Tuberculosis Control Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee T Wang
- Singapore Tuberculosis Control Unit, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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23
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Moheimani F, Koops J, Williams T, Reid AT, Hansbro PM, Wark PA, Knight DA. Influenza A virus infection dysregulates the expression of microRNA-22 and its targets; CD147 and HDAC4, in epithelium of asthmatics. Respir Res 2018; 19:145. [PMID: 30068332 PMCID: PMC6090696 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Specific microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in airway remodeling in asthma. Infection with influenza A virus (IAV) may also magnify pre-existing airway remodeling leading to asthma exacerbation. However, these events remain to be fully defined. We investigated the expression of miRNAs with diverse functions including proliferation (miR-20a), differentiation (miR-22) or innate/adaptive immune responses (miR-132) in primary bronchial epithelial cells (pBECs) of asthmatics following infection with the H1N1 strain of IAV. Methods pBECs from subjects (n = 5) with severe asthma and non-asthmatics were cultured as submerged monolayers or at the air-liquid-interface (ALI) conditions and incubated with IAV H1N1 (MOI 5) for up to 24 h. Isolated miRNAs were subjected to Taqman miRNAs assays. We confirmed miRNA targets using a specific mimic and antagomir. Taqman mRNAs assays and immunoblotting were used to assess expression of target genes and proteins, respectively. Results At baseline, these miRNAs were expressed at the same level in pBECs of asthmatics and non-asthmatics. After 24 h of infection, miR-22 expression increased significantly which was associated with the suppression of CD147 mRNA and HDAC4 mRNA and protein expression in pBECs from non-asthmatics, cultured in ALI. In contrast, miR-22 remained unchanged while CD147 expression increased and HDAC4 remained unaffected in cells from asthmatics. IAV H1N1 mediated increases in SP1 and c-Myc transcription factors may underpin the induction of CD147 in asthmatics. Conclusion The different profile of miR-22 expression in differentiated epithelial cells from non-asthmatics may indicate a self-defense mechanism against aberrant epithelial responses through suppressing CD147 and HDAC4, which is compromised in epithelial cells of asthmatics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-018-0851-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Moheimani
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, HMRI building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. .,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jorinke Koops
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, HMRI building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Teresa Williams
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, HMRI building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Andrew T Reid
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, HMRI building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, HMRI building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A Wark
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, HMRI building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Darryl A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, HMRI building, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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24
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Kim YH, Choi YJ, Kang MK, Lee EJ, Kim DY, Oh H, Kang YH. Oleuropein Curtails Pulmonary Inflammation and Tissue Destruction in Models of Experimental Asthma and Emphysema. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7643-7654. [PMID: 29945446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Airway inflammation has been implicated in evoking progressive pulmonary disorders including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma as a result of exposure to inhaled irritants, characterized by airway fibrosis, mucus hypersecretion, and loss of alveolar integrity. The current study examined whether oleuropein, a phenylethanoid found in olive leaves, inhibited pulmonary inflammation in experimental models of interleukin (IL)-4-exposed bronchial BEAS-2B epithelial cells and ovalbumin (OVA)- or cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed BALB/c mice. Nontoxic oleuropein at 1-20 μM diminished eotaxin-1-mediated induction of α-smooth muscle actin and mucin 5AC in epithelial cells stimulated by IL-4 at the transcriptional levels. Oral supplementation of 10-20 mg/kg oleuropein reduced the airway influx of eosinophils and lymphocytes as well as IL-4 secretion in lung promoted by OVA inhalation or CS. In addition, oleuropein suppressed infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils through blocking OVA inhalation- and CS-promoted induction of ICAM-1, F4/80, CD68, and CD11b in airways. OVA-exposed pulmonary fibrosis was detected, while alveolar emphysema was evident in CS-exposed mouse lungs. In alveolar epithelial A549 cells exposed to CS extracts, oleuropein attenuated apoptotic cell loss. Collectively, oleuropein inhibited pulmonary inflammation leading to asthmatic fibrosis and alveolar emphysema driven by influx of inflammatory cells in airways exposed OVA or CS. Therefore, oleuropein may be a promising anti-inflammatory agent for treating asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ho Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hallym University , Chuncheon 200-702 , Korea
| | - Yean-Jung Choi
- Department of Bio-Food Science & Technology , Far East University , Eumseong , Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hallym University , Chuncheon 200-702 , Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hallym University , Chuncheon 200-702 , Korea
| | - Dong Yeon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hallym University , Chuncheon 200-702 , Korea
| | - Hyeongjoo Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hallym University , Chuncheon 200-702 , Korea
| | - Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition , Hallym University , Chuncheon 200-702 , Korea
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25
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Ferrari CR, Cooley J, Mujahid N, Costa LR, Wills RW, Johnson ME, Swiderski CE. Horses With Pasture Asthma Have Airway Remodeling That Is Characteristic of Human Asthma. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:144-158. [PMID: 29254472 DOI: 10.1177/0300985817741729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe equine asthma, formerly recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), is the horse counterpart of human asthma, affecting horses maintained indoors in continental climates. Equine pasture asthma, formerly summer pasture RAO, is clinically similar but affects grazing horses during hot, humid conditions in the southeastern United States and United Kingdom. To advance translational relevance of equine pasture asthma to human asthma, histologic features of airway remodeling in human asthma were scored in lung lobes from 15 pasture asthma-affected and 9 control horses of mixed breeds. All noncartilaginous airways were scored using a standardized grading rubric (0-3) in hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Movat's pentachrome-stained sections; 15 airways were chosen randomly from each lobe for analysis. Logistic regression identified disease, age, and lobe effects on probability of histologic outcomes. Airway smooth muscle (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, P < .001), goblet cell hyperplasia/metaplasia (OR = 37.6, P < .0001), peribronchiolar elastic system fibers (OR = 4.2, P < .001), peribronchiolar fibrosis (OR = 3.8, P = .01), airway occlusion by mucus/inflammation (OR = 4.2, P = .04), and airway adventitial inflammation (OR = 3.0, P = .01) were significantly greater in diseased airways. A novel complex tissue disorganization, designated terminal bronchiolar remodeling, was overrepresented in diseased airways (OR = 3.7, P < .0001). Distribution of terminal bronchiolar remodeling corresponded to putative sites of air trapping in human asthma, at secondary pulmonary lobules. Age (>15 years) was an independent risk factor for increased peribronchiolar fibrosis, elastic system fibers, and terminal bronchiolar remodeling. Remodeling differed significantly between lung lobes, congruent with nonhomogeneous remodeling in human asthma. Equine pasture asthma recapitulates airway remodeling in human asthma in a manner not achieved in induced animal asthma models, endorsing its translational relevance for human asthma investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudenir R Ferrari
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, USA.,2 Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Jim Cooley
- 2 Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Nisma Mujahid
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, USA
| | - Lais R Costa
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, USA
| | - Robert W Wills
- 2 Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Melanie E Johnson
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, USA.,2 Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Cyprianna E Swiderski
- 1 Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, MS, USA
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26
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Shen CH, Liu CT, Song XJ, Zeng WY, Lu XY, Zheng ZL, Jie-Pan, Zhan RT, Ping-Yan. Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Rubia cordifolia L. by spectrum-effect relationships. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1090:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Lee HW, Park SH. Elevated microRNA-135a is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in experimental mouse model. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35609-35618. [PMID: 28415675 PMCID: PMC5482602 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple causes are associated with the complex mechanism of pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the molecular pathway in the pathogenesis of PAH is still insufficiently understood. In this study, we investigated epigenetic changes that cause PAH induced by exposure to combined Th2 antigen (Ovalbumin, OVA) and urban particulate matter (PM) in mice. To address that, we focused on the epigenetic mechanism, linked to microRNA (miR)-135a. We found that miR-135a levels were significantly increased, and levels of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR2) which is the target of miR-135a, were significantly decreased in this experimental PAH mouse model. Therefore to evaluate the role of miR-135a, we injected AntagomiR-135a into this mouse model. AntagomiR-135a injected mice showed decreased right ventricular systolic pressures (RVSPs), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), and the percentage of severely thickened pulmonary arteries compared to control scrambled miRNA injected mice. Both mRNA and protein expression of BMPR2 were recovered in the AntagomiR-135a injected mice compared to control mice. Our study understands if miR-135a could serve as a biomarker helping to manage PAH. The blocking of miR-135a could lead to new therapeutic modalities to alleviate exacerbation of PAH caused by exposure to Th2 antigen and urban air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Wook Lee
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
| | - Sung-Hyun Park
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York, USA
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28
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Popov TA, Kralimarkova TZ, Labor M, Plavec D. The added value of exhaled breath temperature in respiratory medicine. J Breath Res 2017; 11:034001. [PMID: 28592704 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa7801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of the huge economic burden chronic respiratory diseases pose for society motivated fundamental and clinical research leading to insight into the role of airway inflammation in various disease entities and their phenotypes. However, no easy, cheap and patient-friendly methods to assess it have found a place in routine clinical practice. Measurement of exhaled breath temperature (EBT) has been suggested as a non-invasive method to detect inflammatory processes in the airways as a result of increased blood flow within the airway walls. As EBT values are within a narrow range, the thermometers designed for the purpose of assessing it need to be precise and very sensitive. EBT increases linearly over the pediatric age range and seems to be influenced by gender, but not by height and body weight. In non-smoking individuals with no history of respiratory disease EBT has a natural circadian peak about noon and increases with food intake and physical exercise. When interpreting EBT in subjects with alleged airway pathology, the possibilities of tissue destruction (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis) or excessive bronchial obstruction and air trapping (severe asthma) need to be considered, as these conditions drive (force) EBT down. A prominent advantage of the method is to assess EBT when patients are in a steady state of their disease and to use this 'personal best' to monitor them and guide their treatment. Individual devices outfitted with microprocessors and memory have been created, which can be used for personalized monitoring and disease management by telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todor A Popov
- Clinic of Allergy and Asthma, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
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29
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Sheu CC, Tsai MJ, Chen FW, Chang KF, Chang WA, Chong IW, Kuo PL, Hsu YL. Identification of novel genetic regulations associated with airway epithelial homeostasis using next-generation sequencing data and bioinformatics approaches. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82674-82688. [PMID: 29137293 PMCID: PMC5669919 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial cells play important roles in airway remodeling. Understanding gene regulations in airway epithelial homeostasis may provide new insights into pathogenesis and treatment of asthma. This study aimed to combine gene expression (GE) microarray, next generation sequencing (NGS), and bioinformatics to explore genetic regulations associated with airway epithelial homeostasis. We analyzed expression profiles of mRNAs (GE microarray) and microRNAs (NGS) in normal and asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells, and identified 9 genes with potential microRNA-mRNA interactions. Of these 9 dysregulated genes, downregulation of MEF2C and MDGA1 were validated in a representative microarray (GSE43696) from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Our findings suggested that upregulated mir-203a may repress MEF2C, a transcription factor, leading to decreased cellular proliferation. In addition, upregulated mir-3065-3p may repress MDGA1, a cell membrane anchor protein, resulting in suppression of cell-cell adhesion. We also found that KCNJ2, a potassium channel, was downregulated in severe asthma and may promote epithelial cell apoptosis. We proposed that aberrant regulations of mir-203a-MEF2C and mir-3065-3p-MDGA1, as well as downregulation of KCNJ2, play important roles in airway epithelial homeostasis in asthma. These findings provide new perspectives on diagnostic or therapeutic strategies targeting bronchial epithelium for asthma. The approach in this study also provides a new aspect of studying asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Wei Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-An Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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30
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Shibata T, Ato M. A critical role of Gas6/Axl signal in allergic airway responses during RSV vaccine-enhanced disease. Immunol Cell Biol 2017; 95:906-915. [PMID: 28722020 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2017.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common virus that causes lower respiratory infections across a wide range of ages. A licensed RSV vaccine is not available because vaccination with formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) and the subsequent RSV infection cause not only insufficient induction of neutralizing antibodies but also severe allergic airway responses, termed FI-RSV vaccine-enhanced disease (FI-RSV VED). However, the underlying mechanism has not been identified, although a Th2-biased immune response is known to be a hallmark of this disease. Our previous studies have shown that growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6)/Axl signaling leads to Th2-biased immune responses during fungus-induced allergic airway inflammation. Here, we show that Gas6/Axl signaling also leads to FI-RSV VED and partially identify the mechanism in mice. Inhibiting Gas6/Axl signaling using Gas6-deficient mice, neutralizing antibodies, and a specific inhibitor of Axl attenuated allergic airway hyperresponsiveness, including airway inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and Th2 cytokine production, in addition to increasing interferon-γ levels and the production of RSV-neutralizing IgG2a in FI-RSV VED. Gas6 was produced in lymph nodes during immunization with FI-RSV. Lymph node cells derived from immunized mice produced high levels of Gas6 and Th2 cytokines, but not IFN-γ, after restimulation with RSV. Finally, we found that dendritic cells stimulated with RSV-glycoprotein (G protein) produced Gas6 and that Axl signaling suppressed DC maturation and the induction of IL-12 production by the toll-like receptor 4 agonist RSV-fusion protein. Taken together, these results indicate that RSV-G protein-induced Gas6/Axl signaling causes allergic airway responses during FI-RSV VED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Shibata
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Ato
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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DeChristopher LR, Uribarri J, Tucker KL. Intake of high fructose corn syrup sweetened soft drinks, fruit drinks and apple juice is associated with prevalent coronary heart disease, in U.S. adults, ages 45-59 y. BMC Nutr 2017; 3:51. [PMID: 32153831 PMCID: PMC7050890 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-017-0168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intake of high excess free fructose (EFF) beverages, including high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), sweetened soft drinks, fruit drinks, and apple juice, may be associated with childhood asthma, adult idiopathic chronic bronchitis/ COPD, and autoimmune arthritis, possibly due to underlying fructose malabsorption. Fructose malabsorption may contribute to the intestinal in situ formation of advanced glycation end-products (enFruAGEs) that travel to other tissues and promote inflammation. Chronic respiratory conditions and arthritis are comorbidities of coronary heart disease (CHD). The objective of this study was to investigate the association between intake of high EFF beverages and CHD. METHODS In this cross sectional study (NHANES 2003-2006) of adults, aged 45-59 y, n = 1230, the exposure variables were non-diet soft drinks, and any combination of high EFF beverages including non-diet soft drinks, fruit drinks, and apple juice. Analyses of diet soft drinks, diet fruit drinks, and orange juice (non/low EFF beverages) were included for comparison. The outcome was self-reported history of coronary heart disease and/or angina (CHD). Rao Scott Ҳ2 was used for prevalence differences and logistic regression for associations, adjusted for age, sex, race-ethnicity, BMI, socio-economic status, health insurance coverage, smoking, physical activity level, hypertension, energy intake, fruit and vegetable intake, glycated hemoglobin, pre-diabetes, and diabetes. RESULTS Intake of any combination of HFCS sweetened soft drinks, fruit drinks, and apple juice (tEFF) was significantly associated with CHD in adults aged 45-59 y. Adults consuming tEFF ≥5 times/wk. were 2.8 times more likely to report CHD than ≤3 times/mo consumers (OR 2.82; 95% CI 1.16-6.84; P = 0.023), independent of all covariates. CONCLUSION HFCS sweetened soft drinks, fruit drinks, and apple juice may contribute to CHD, a common comorbidity of chronic respiratory conditions and autoimmune arthritis, possibly due to the high ratio of fructose to glucose in these beverages. Underlying fructose malabsorption may contribute to the intestinal in situ formation of pro-inflammatory enFruAGEs, that are eventually absorbed and induce inflammation of the coronary arteries. Additional research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaime Uribarri
- Department of Medicine, the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Katherine L. Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA USA
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32
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Kim YH, Choi YJ, Kang MK, Park SH, Antika LD, Lee EJ, Kim DY, Kang YH. Astragalin Inhibits Allergic Inflammation and Airway Thickening in Ovalbumin-Challenged Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:836-845. [PMID: 28064485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung inflammation and oxidative stress are the major contributors to the development of obstructive pulmonary diseases. Macrophages are involved in pulmonary inflammation and alveolar damage in emphysema. Astragalin is an anti-inflammatory flavonoid present in persimmon leaves and green tea seeds. This study elucidated that astragalin inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration induced by 20 μM H2O2 and blocked airway thickening and alveolar emphysema induced by 20 μg of ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. OVA induced mouse pulmonary MCP-1, and H2O2 enhanced the expression of MCP-1/ICAM-1/αv integrin in bronchial airway epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Such induction was inhibited by supplying 10-20 mg/kg of astragalin to OVA-challenged mice and 1-20 μM astragalin to oxidant-stimulated cells. Oral administration of 20 mg/kg of astragalin reduced the induction of F4/80/CD68/CD11b in airways of mice challenged with OVA. Additionally, emphysema tissue damage was observed in OVA-exposed alveoli. Mast cell recruitment in the airway subepithelium was blocked by supplementing astragalin to OVA-challenged mice. Orally treating 20 mg/kg of astragalin reduced α-SMA induction in inflammation-occurring airways and appeared to reverse airway thickening and constriction induced by an OVA episode. These results revealed that astragalin may improve airway thickening and alveolar destruction with blockade of allergic inflammation in airways. Therefore, astragalin may be a therapeutic agent antagonizing asthma and obstructive pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ho Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Yean-Jung Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Sin-Hye Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Lucia Dwi Antika
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Dong Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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Wang D, Yang J, Du Q, Li H, Wang S. The total alkaloid fraction of bulbs of Fritillaria cirrhosa displays anti-inflammatory activity and attenuates acute lung injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:150-158. [PMID: 27497638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bulb of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don (BFC) has been wildly used in China for a long time for folk medicine since its significant therapeutic effects on respiratory diseases, such as cough, expectoration, pneumonia and bronchial inflammation, which are related to respiratory inflammatory response. However, there is a lack of investigation on the in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of BFC. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the purified total alkaloid fraction of BFC (TAF) by using different animal models of inflammation to provide scientific evidence for its traditional use. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total alkaloid fraction from BFC was prepared by using H-103 resin column. Anti-inflammatory effect of TAF was evaluated by models of acetic acid-induced capillary permeability accentuation, carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation and LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The level of cytokines (TNF, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10) was measured by ELISA. Histopathological analyses were performed by using hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS TAF can inhibit acetic acid-induced capillary permeability accentuation, carrageenan-induced paw edema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, suppress inflammatory cells recruitment and cytokine production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from LPS-induced ALI mice, and attenuate pathological changes in the lung tissues of ALI mice. CONCLUSION This study provides scientific evidence for bulb of F. cirrhosa to treat respiratory inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Urology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, GaoXinQu WanXiang BeiLu 18 Hao, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Qingdan Du
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Houcong Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Kobayashi K, Koyama K, Suzukawa M, Igarashi S, Hebisawa A, Nagase T, Ohta K. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition promotes reactivity of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells to CpG ODN. Allergol Int 2016; 65 Suppl:S45-52. [PMID: 27475623 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is reported to promote airway remodeling in asthmatics, which is the main histological change that causes complex and severe symptoms in asthmatics. However, little is known about whether EMT also plays a role in acute exacerbations of asthma evoked by respiratory tract infections. METHODS A human lung adenocarcinoma line, A549, was incubated with TGF-β1 at 10 ng/ml to induce EMT. Then the cells were stimulated with CpG ODN. Expression of surface and intracellular molecules was analyzed by flow cytometry. IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in the culture supernatant were measured by Cytometric Bead Assay, and the expression of mRNA was quantitated by real-time PCR. CpG ODN uptake was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The culture supernatant levels of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 and the expression of mRNA for these cytokines in CpG ODN-stimulated A549 cells that had undergone EMT was significantly higher compared to those that had not. Addition of ODN H154, a TLR9-inhibiting DNA, significantly suppressed the CpG ODN-induced production of those cytokines. However, flow cytometry found the level of TLR9 expression to be slightly lower in A549 cells that had undergone EMT compared to those that had not. On the other hand, CpG ODN uptake was increased in cells that had undergone EMT. CONCLUSIONS EMT induction of A549 cells enhanced CpG ODN uptake and CpG ODN-induced production of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1. These results suggest that EMT plays an important role in exacerbation in asthmatics with airway remodeling by enhancing sensitivity to extrinsic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kobayashi
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Koyama
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maho Suzukawa
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Sayaka Igarashi
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Hebisawa
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Liu CL, Wang Y, Liao M, Santos MM, Fernandes C, Sukhova GK, Zhang JY, Cheng X, Yang C, Huang X, Levy B, Libby P, Wu G, Shi GP. Allergic lung inflammation promotes atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Transl Res 2016; 171:1-16. [PMID: 26898714 PMCID: PMC4833597 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation drives asthma and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies suggest that asthmatic patients have a high risk of atherosclerosis. Yet this hypothesis remains uncertain, given that Th2 imbalance causes asthma whereas Th1 immunity promotes atherosclerosis. In this study, chronic allergic lung inflammation (ALI) was induced in mice by ovalbumin sensitization and challenge. Acute ALI was induced in mice by ovalbumin and aluminum sensitization and ovalbumin challenge. Atherosclerosis was produced in apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mice with a Western diet. When chronic ALI and atherosclerosis were produced simultaneously, ALI increased atherosclerotic lesion size, lesion inflammatory cell content, elastin fragmentation, smooth muscle cell (SMC) loss, lesion cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Production of acute ALI before atherogenesis did not affect lesion size, but increased atherosclerotic lesion CD4(+) T cells, lesion SMC loss, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Production of acute ALI after atherogenesis also did not change atherosclerotic lesion area, but increased lesion elastin fragmentation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. In mice with chronic ALI and diet-induced atherosclerosis, daily inhalation of a mast cell inhibitor or corticosteroid significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion T-cell and mast cell contents, SMC loss, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation and apoptosis, although these drugs did not affect lesion area, compared with those that received vehicle treatment. In conclusion, both chronic and acute ALI promote atherogenesis or aortic lesion pathology, regardless whether ALI occurred before, after, or at the same time as atherogenesis. Antiasthmatic medication can efficiently mitigate atherosclerotic lesion pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Lin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyang Liao
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA; Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Marcela M Santos
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA
| | - Cleverson Fernandes
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA
| | - Galina K Sukhova
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA
| | - Jin-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chongzhe Yang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA; Department of Geriatrics, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhu Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Calif, USA
| | - Bruce Levy
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA
| | - Gongxiong Wu
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA; Department of Cardiovascular, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou 510182, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA.
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Ma X, Prakash J, Ruscitti F, Glasl S, Stellari FF, Villetti G, Ntziachristos V. Assessment of asthmatic inflammation using hybrid fluorescence molecular tomography-x-ray computed tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:15009. [PMID: 26803669 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.1.015009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Ma
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, D-85746, GermanybTechnische Universität München, Chair for Biological Imaging, Ismaninger Street 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Jaya Prakash
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, D-85746, GermanybTechnische Universität München, Chair for Biological Imaging, Ismaninger Street 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Francesca Ruscitti
- University of Parma, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Science, via del Taglio 10, Parma, 43126, Italy
| | - Sarah Glasl
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, D-85746, GermanybTechnische Universität München, Chair for Biological Imaging, Ismaninger Street 22, Munich 81675, Germany
| | - Fabio Franco Stellari
- Corporate Pre-clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Largo Francesco Belloli 11/A, Parma, 43122, Italy
| | - Gino Villetti
- Corporate Pre-clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Largo Francesco Belloli 11/A, Parma, 43122, Italy
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, D-85746, GermanybTechnische Universität München, Chair for Biological Imaging, Ismaninger Street 22, Munich 81675, Germany
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Shin D, Park SH, Choi YJ, Kim YH, Antika LD, Habibah NU, Kang MK, Kang YH. Dietary Compound Kaempferol Inhibits Airway Thickening Induced by Allergic Reaction in a Bovine Serum Albumin-Induced Model of Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:29980-95. [PMID: 26694364 PMCID: PMC4691161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by aberrant airways including epithelial thickening, goblet cell hyperplasia, and smooth muscle hypertrophy within the airway wall. The current study examined whether kaempferol inhibited mast cell degranulation and prostaglandin (PG) release leading to the development of aberrant airways, using an in vitro model of dinitrophenylated bovine serum albumin (DNP-BSA)-sensitized rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) mast cells and an in vivo model of BSA-challenged asthmatic mice. Nontoxic kaempferol at 10-20 μM suppressed β-hexosaminidase release and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)-mediated production of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in sensitized mast cells. Oral administration of ≤20 mg/kg kaempferol blocked bovine serum albumin (BSA) inhalation-induced epithelial cell excrescence and smooth muscle hypertrophy by attenuating the induction of COX2 and the formation of PGD2 and PGF2α, together with reducing the anti-α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression in mouse airways. Kaempferol deterred the antigen-induced mast cell activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) responsive to protein kinase Cμ (PKCμ) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Furthermore, the antigen-challenged activation of Syk-phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) pathway was dampened in kaempferol-supplemented mast cells. These results demonstrated that kaempferol inhibited airway wall thickening through disturbing Syk-PLCγ signaling and PKCμ-ERK-cPLA2-COX2 signaling in antigen-exposed mast cells. Thus, kaempferol may be a potent anti-allergic compound targeting allergic asthma typical of airway hyperplasia and hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daekeun Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Sin-Hye Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Yean-Jung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Yun-Ho Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Lucia Dwi Antika
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Nurina Umy Habibah
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Min-Kyung Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
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Jiang H, Xie Y, Abel PW, Wolff DW, Toews ML, Panettieri RA, Casale TB, Tu Y. Regulator of G-protein signaling 2 repression exacerbates airway hyper-responsiveness and remodeling in asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 53:42-9. [PMID: 25368964 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0319oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important regulators of cell functions in asthma. We recently reported that regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) 2, a selective modulator of Gq-coupled GPCRs, is a key regulator of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), the pathophysiologic hallmark of asthma. Because RGS2 protein levels in airway cells were significantly lower in patients with asthma compared with patients without asthma, we further investigated the potential pathological importance of RGS2 repression in asthma. The human RGS2 gene maps to chromosome 1q31. We first screened patients with asthma for RGS2 gene promoter single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and found significant differences in the distribution of two RGS2 SNPs (A638G, rs2746071 and C395G, rs2746072) between patients with asthma and nonasthmatic subjects. These two SNPs are always associated with each other and have the same higher prevalence in patients with asthma (65%) as compared with nonasthmatic subjects (35%). Point mutations corresponding to these SNPs decrease RGS2 promoter activity by 44%. The importance of RGS2 down-regulation was then determined in an acute IL-13 mouse model of asthma. Intranasal administration of IL-13 in mice also decreased RGS2 expression in lungs by ∼50% and caused AHR. Although naive RGS2 knockout (KO) mice exhibit spontaneous AHR, acute IL-13 exposure further increased AHR in RGS2 KO mice. Loss of RGS2 also significantly enhanced IL-13-induced mouse airway remodeling, including peribronchial smooth muscle thickening and fibrosis, without effects on goblet cell hyperplasia or airway inflammation in mice. Thus, genetic variations and increased inflammatory cytokines can lead to RGS2 repression, which exacerbates AHR and airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Jiang
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Yan Xie
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Peter W Abel
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Dennis W Wolff
- 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Medicine at Greenville, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - Myron L Toews
- 3 Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- 4 Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Airways Biology Initiative, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Thomas B Casale
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yaping Tu
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
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Shea KM, Lash TL, Antonsen S, Jick SS, Sørensen HT. Population-based study of the association between asthma and pneumococcal disease in children. Clin Epidemiol 2015. [PMID: 26203278 PMCID: PMC4507794 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s78619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although asthma has recently been established as a risk factor for pneumococcal disease (PD), few studies have specifically evaluated this association in children. Methods We conducted a nation-wide population-based cohort study of the effect of asthma on childhood PD among all singleton live births in Denmark from 1994 to 2007, before the introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. All data were abstracted from Danish medical registries. Because underlying comorbidity substantially increases the PD risk in children, standard methods were used to assess the evidence of biologic interaction between comorbidity and asthma on the risk of PD. Results There were 2,253 cases of childhood PD among 888,655 children born in Denmark from 1994 to 2007. The adjusted incidence rate ratio of the effect of asthma on childhood PD was 2.2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0, 2.5). Age-stratified incidence rate ratios were 2.1 (95% CI: 1.8, 2.9) in children 6 months to <24 months, 4.1 (95% CI: 3.3, 5.1) in children 24 months to <60 months, and 2.3 (95% CI: 1.6, 3.2) in children ≥60 months. Evaluation of the biologic interaction between asthma and comorbidity in older children revealed that 55% (24 months to <60 months) to 73% (≥60 months) of cases among asthma-exposed children can be accounted for by the interaction between asthma and comorbidity. Conclusion These results confirm that asthma is an important risk factor for PD in children and suggest that children with underlying comorbidities are more sensitive to the effect of asthma on PD than children without comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Shea
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy L Lash
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA ; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sussie Antonsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Susan S Jick
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henrik T Sørensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA ; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Wang Y, Miwa T, Ducka-Kokalari B, Redai IG, Sato S, Gullipalli D, Zangrilli JG, Haczku A, Song WC. Properdin Contributes to Allergic Airway Inflammation through Local C3a Generation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:1171-81. [PMID: 26116506 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Complement is implicated in asthma pathogenesis, but its mechanism of action in this disease remains incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the role of properdin (P), a positive alternative pathway complement regulator, in allergen-induced airway inflammation. Allergen challenge stimulated P release into the airways of asthmatic patients, and P levels positively correlated with proinflammatory cytokines in human bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). High levels of P were also detected in the BAL of OVA-sensitized and challenged but not naive mice. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, P-deficient (P(-/-)) mice had markedly reduced total and eosinophil cell counts in BAL and significantly attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. Ab blocking of P at both sensitization and challenge phases or at challenge phase alone, but not at sensitization phase alone, reduced airway inflammation. Conversely, intranasal reconstitution of P to P(-/-) mice at the challenge phase restored airway inflammation to wild-type levels. Notably, C3a levels in the BAL of OVA-challenged P(-/-) mice were significantly lower than in wild-type mice, and intranasal coadministration of an anti-C3a mAb with P to P(-/-) mice prevented restoration of airway inflammation. These results show that P plays a key role in allergen-induced airway inflammation and represents a potential therapeutic target for human asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Takashi Miwa
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Blerina Ducka-Kokalari
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Imre G Redai
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Sayaka Sato
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Damodar Gullipalli
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Angela Haczku
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and
| | - Wen-Chao Song
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
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41
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Kwak BO, Choung JT, Park YM. The association between asthma and invasive pneumococcal disease: a nationwide study in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:60-5. [PMID: 25552884 PMCID: PMC4278028 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.1.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between asthma and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in Korea. A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment database 2010-2011. The subjects included 935,106 (2010) and 952,295 (2011), of whom 398 (2010) and 428 (2011) patients with IPD were identified. There was significant difference in the prevalence of IPD in patients with and without asthma (0.07% vs. 0.02% in 2010 and 0.08% vs. 0.01% in 2011; P<0.001). After adjusting for age and gender, patients with asthma showed over a three-fold increased risk of IPD compared with patients without asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.02-5.03 in 2010 / aOR, 5.44; 95% CI, 4.10-7.22 in 2011; P<0.001). These findings were also significant in children (aOR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.25-3.45 in 2010; P=0.005 / aOR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.74-6.11 in 2011; P<0.001). Although diabetes mellitus was also significantly associated with IPD, relatively low ORs compared with those of asthma were noted (aOR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.35-2.54 in 2010 / aOR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.78-3.24 in 2011; P<0.001). Both children and adults with asthma are at increased risk of developing IPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ok Kwak
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Tae Choung
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Mean Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Park J, Lee YK, Kim H, Hahn YS. Relationships of bronchodilator response with asthma control and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in children with atopic asthma. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2015.3.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Youn Kyung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Heon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Hahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
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Kamaruzaman NA, Sulaiman SA, Kaur G, Yahaya B. Inhalation of honey reduces airway inflammation and histopathological changes in a rabbit model of ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:176. [PMID: 24886260 PMCID: PMC4048365 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Honey is widely used in folk medicine to treat cough, fever, and inflammation. In this study, the effect of aerosolised honey on airway tissues in a rabbit model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma was investigated. The ability of honey to act either as a rescuing agent in alleviating asthma-related symptoms or as a preventive agent to preclude the occurrence of asthma was also assessed. Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits were sensitized twice with mixture of OVA and aluminium hydroxide on days 1 and 14. Honey treatments were given from day 23 to day 25 at two different doses (25% (v/v) and 50% (v/v) of honey diluted in sterile phosphate buffer saline. In the aerosolised honey as a rescue agent group, animals were euthanized on day 28; for the preventive group, animals were further exposed to aerosolised OVA for 3 days starting from day 28 and euthanized on day 31. The effects of honey on inflammatory cell response, airway inflammation, and goblet cell hyperplasia were assessed for each animal. Results Histopathological analyses revealed that aerosolised honey resulted in structural changes of the epithelium, mucosa, and submucosal regions of the airway that caused by the induction with OVA. Treatment with aerosolised honey has reduced the number of airway inflammatory cells present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and inhibited the goblet cell hyperplasia. Conclusion In this study, aerosolised honey was used to effectively treat and manage asthma in rabbits, and it could prove to be a promising treatment for asthma in humans. Future studies with a larger sample size and studies at the gene expression level are needed to better understand the mechanisms by which aerosolised honey reduces asthma symptoms.
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Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome and considerations of irritant-induced Asthma. J Occup Environ Med 2014; 55:1118-20. [PMID: 23969509 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e318229a679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The Occupational Medicine Forum is prepared by the ACOEM Occupational and Environmental Medical Practice Committee and does not necessarily represent an official ACOEM position. The Forum is intended for health professionals and is not intended to provide medical or legal advice, including illness prevention, diagnosis or treatment, or regulatory compliance. Such advice should be obtained directly from a physician and/or attorney.
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45
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Khosravi M, Collins PB, Lin RL, Hayes D, Smith JA, Lee LY. Breathing hot humid air induces airway irritation and cough in patients with allergic rhinitis. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2014; 198:13-9. [PMID: 24709444 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We studied the respiratory responses to an increase in airway temperature in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Responses to isocapnic hyperventilation (40% of maximal voluntary ventilation) for 4min of humidified hot air (HA; 49°C) and room air (RA; 21°C) were compared between AR patients (n=7) and healthy subjects (n=6). In AR patients, cough frequency increased pronouncedly from 0.10±0.07 before to 2.37±0.73 during, and 1.80±0.79coughs/min for the first 8min after the HA challenge, but not during the RA challenge. In contrast, neither HA nor RA had any significant tussive effect in healthy subjects. The HA challenge also caused respiratory discomfort (mainly throat irritation) measured by the handgrip dynamometry in AR patients, but not in healthy subjects. Bronchoconstriction was not detected after the HA challenge in either group of subjects. In conclusion, hyperventilation of HA triggered vigorous cough response and throat irritation in AR patients, indicating the involvement of sensory nerves innervating upper airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khosravi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, United States
| | - Paul B Collins
- Pulmonary Function Laboratory, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, United States
| | - Ruei-Lung Lin
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, United States
| | - Don Hayes
- Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Jaclyn A Smith
- Center for Respiratory and Allergy, University of Manchester, Manchester, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, United Kingdom
| | - Lu-Yuan Lee
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, United States.
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Dhillon RK, Yawn BP, Yoo KH, Boyce TG, Jacobson RM, McGree ME, Weaver AL, Juhn YJ. Impact of Asthma on the Severity of Serious Pneumococcal Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; Suppl 3. [PMID: 25243098 PMCID: PMC4166487 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1165.s3-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported an increased risk of serious pneumococcal disease (SPD) in asthmatics. Little is known about the impact of asthma status on the severity of SPD. We compared the severity of serious pneumococcal disease (SPD) between patients with asthma and those without asthma. The study subjects were Rochester, Minnesota residents who developed SPD between 1964 and 1983. SPD and asthma status were ascertained by using explicit predetermined criteria Severity of SPD was assessed using intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate and total days of ICU stay and hospitalization associated with treatment for SPD. We found that there were no significant differences in severity outcomes between asthmatics (n=11) and non-asthmatics (n=163). Asthma status may increase the risk of SPD but not influence its severity. However, given a small sample size of our study, a larger study needs to be considered to clarify the relationship between asthma and severity of SPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet K Dhillon
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Barbara P Yawn
- Department of Research, Olmsted Medical Center, Rochester, MN
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN ; Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Thomas G Boyce
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Robert M Jacobson
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Amy L Weaver
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Young J Juhn
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Eltboli O, Brightling CE. Eosinophils as diagnostic tools in chronic lung disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2013; 7:33-42. [PMID: 23362813 DOI: 10.1586/ers.12.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases are very common and form a major threat to large proportions of the population with increased morbidity and mortality. Asthma is one of the most common eosinophilic airway diseases. However, there is growing evidence that eosinophilic inflammation is also important in subgroups of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic cough and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Several studies have shown that sputum eosinophilia is associated with a favorable response to treatment of corticosteroids in both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tailored strategies aimed to normalize sputum eosinophils have resulted in a significant reduction in exacerbation rates. In this article, the authors review the role of eosinophilic inflammation in the diagnosis and management of chronic respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Eltboli
- Department of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, Institute of Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK
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Bickford JS, Beachy DE, Newsom KJ, Barilovits SJ, Herlihy JDH, Qiu X, Walters JN, Li N, Nick HS. A distal enhancer controls cytokine-dependent human cPLA2α gene expression. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:1915-26. [PMID: 23549331 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m037382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific control of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α or PLA2G4A) expression modulates arachidonic acid production, thus tightly regulating the downstream effects of pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. The significance of this pathway in human disease is apparent in a range of pathologies from inflammation to tumorigenesis. While much of the regulation of cPLA2α has focused on posttranslational phosphorylation of the protein, studies on transcriptional regulation of this gene have focused only on proximal promoter regions. We have identified a DNase I hypersensitive site encompassing a 5' distal enhancer element containing a highly conserved consensus AP-1 site involved in transcriptional activation of cPLA2α by interleukin (IL)-1β. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), knockdown, knockout, and overexpression analyses have shown that c-Jun acts both in a negative and positive regulatory role. Transcriptional activation of cPLA2α occurs through the phosphorylation of c-Jun in conjunction with increased association of C/EBPβ with the distal novel enhancer. The association of C/EBPβ with the transcriptional activation complex does not require an obvious DNA binding site. These data provide new and important contributions to the understanding of cPLA2α regulation at the transcriptional level, with implications for eicosanoid metabolism, cellular signaling, and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S Bickford
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Yadav UCS, Naura AS, Aguilera-Aguirre L, Boldogh I, Boulares HA, Calhoun WJ, Ramana KV, Srivastava SK. Aldose reductase inhibition prevents allergic airway remodeling through PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57442. [PMID: 23460857 PMCID: PMC3584054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term and unresolved airway inflammation and airway remodeling, characteristic features of chronic asthma, if not treated could lead to permanent structural changes in the airways. Aldose reductase (AR), an aldo-sugar and lipid aldehyde metabolizing enzyme, mediates allergen-induced airway inflammation in mice, but its role in the airway remodeling is not known. In the present study, we have examined the role of AR on airway remodeling using ovalbumin (OVA)-induced chronic asthma mouse model and cultured human primary airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and mouse lung fibroblasts (mLFs). METHODS Airway remodeling in chronic asthma model was established in mice sensitized and challenged twice a week with OVA for 6 weeks. AR inhibitor, fidarestat, was administered orally in drinking water after first challenge. Inflammatory cells infiltration in the lungs and goblet cell metaplasia, airway thickening, collagen deposition and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in response to increasing doses of methacholine were assessed. The TGFβ1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in SAECs and changes in mLFs were examined to investigate AR-mediated molecular mechanism(s) of airway remodeling. RESULTS In the OVA-exposed mice for 6 wks inflammatory cells infiltration, levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, goblet cell metaplasia, collagen deposition and AHR were significantly decreased by treatment with AR inhibitor, fidarestat. Further, inhibition of AR prevented TGFβ1-induced altered expression of E-cadherin, Vimentin, Occludin, and MMP-2 in SAECs, and alpha-smooth muscle actin and fibronectin in mLFs. Further, in SAECs, AR inhibition prevented TGFβ1- induced activation of PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway but not the phosphorylation of Smad2/3. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that allergen-induced airway remodeling is mediated by AR and its inhibition blocks the progression of remodeling via inhibiting TGFβ1-induced Smad-independent and PI3K/AKT/GSK3β-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh C. S. Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amarjit S. Naura
- Department of Medicine and Stanley Scot Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Leopoldo Aguilera-Aguirre
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hamid A. Boulares
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and Stanley Scot Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - William J. Calhoun
- Department of Internal Medicine-Pulmonary/Critical Care, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kota V. Ramana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Satish K. Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Singh SR, Sullo N, D'Agostino B, Brightling CE, Lambert DG. The effects of nociceptin peptide (N/OFQ)-receptor (NOP) system activation in the airways. Peptides 2013; 39:36-46. [PMID: 23123316 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The heptadecapeptide nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is the endogenous ligand for the N/OFQ peptide (NOP) receptor. It is cleaved from a larger precursor identified as prepronociceptin (ppN/OFQ). NOP is a member of the seven transmembrane-spanning G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family. ppN/OFQ and NOP receptors are widely distributed in different human tissues. Asthma is a complex heterogeneous disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyper-responsiveness and chronic airway inflammation. Limited therapeutic effectiveness of currently available asthma therapies warrants identification of new drug compounds. Evidence from animal studies suggests that N/OFQ modulates airway contraction and inflammation. Interestingly up regulation of the N/OFQ-NOP system reduces airway hyper-responsiveness. In contrast, inflammatory cells central to the inflammatory response in asthma may be both sources of N/OFQ and respond to NOP activation. Hence paradoxical dysregulation of the N/OFQ-NOP system may potentially play an important role in regulating airway inflammation and airway tone. To date there is no data on N/OFQ-NOP expression in the human airways. Therefore, the potential role of N/OFQ-NOP system in asthma is unknown. This review focuses on its physiological effects within airways and potential value as a novel asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra R Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences (Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group), Division of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK.
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