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Chen Y, Zhou J, Xu S, Nie J. Role of Interleukin-6 Family Cytokines in Organ Fibrosis. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 9:239-253. [PMID: 37900004 PMCID: PMC10601952 DOI: 10.1159/000530288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Organ fibrosis remains an important cause of high incidence rate and mortality worldwide. The prominent role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) family members represented by IL-6 in inflammation has been extensively studied, and drugs targeting IL-6 have been used clinically. Because of the close relationship between inflammation and fibrosis, researches on the role of IL-6 family members in organ fibrosis are also gradually emerging. Summary In this review, we systematically reviewed the role of IL-6 family members in fibrosis and their possible mechanisms. We listed the role of IL-6 family members in organ fibrosis and drew two diagrams to illustrate the downstream signal transductions of IL-6 family members. We also summarized the effect of some IL-6 family members' antagonists in a table. Key Messages Fibrosis contributes to organ structure damage, organ dysfunction, and eventually organ failure. Although IL-6 family cytokines have similar downstream signal pathways, different members play various roles in an organ-specific manner which might be partly due to their different target cell populations. The pathogenic role of individual member in various diseases needs to be deciphered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihui Xu
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Bienaimé F, Muorah M, Metzger M, Broeuilh M, Houiller P, Flamant M, Haymann JP, Vonderscher J, Mizrahi J, Friedlander G, Stengel B, Terzi F. Combining robust urine biomarkers to assess chronic kidney disease progression. EBioMedicine 2023; 93:104635. [PMID: 37285616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary biomarkers may improve the prediction of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Yet, data reporting the applicability of most commercial biomarker assays to the detection of their target analyte in urine together with an evaluation of their predictive performance are scarce. METHODS 30 commercial assays (ELISA) were tested for their ability to quantify the target analyte in urine using strict (FDA-approved) validation criteria. In an exploratory analysis, LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) logistic regression analysis was used to identify potentially complementary biomarkers predicting fast CKD progression, determined as the 51CrEDTA clearance-based measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) decline (>10% per year) in a subsample of 229 CKD patients (mean age, 61 years; 66% men; baseline mGFR, 38 mL/min) from the NephroTest prospective cohort. FINDINGS Among the 30 assays, directed against 24 candidate biomarkers, encompassing different pathophysiological mechanisms of CKD progression, 16 assays fulfilled the FDA-approved criteria. LASSO logistic regressions identified a combination of five biomarkers including CCL2, EGF, KIM1, NGAL, and TGF-α that improved the prediction of fast mGFR decline compared to the kidney failure risk equation variables alone: age, gender, mGFR, and albuminuria. Mean area under the curves (AUC) estimated from 100 re-samples was higher in the model with than without these biomarkers, 0.722 (95% confidence interval 0.652-0.795) vs. 0.682 (0.614-0.748), respectively. Fully-adjusted odds-ratios (95% confidence interval) for fast progression were 1.87 (1.22, 2.98), 1.86 (1.23, 2.89), 0.43 (0.25, 0.70), 1.10 (0.71, 1.83), 0.55 (0.33, 0.89), and 2.99 (1.89, 5.01) for albumin, CCL2, EGF, KIM1, NGAL, and TGF-α, respectively. INTERPRETATION This study provides a rigorous validation of multiple assays for relevant urinary biomarkers of CKD progression which combination may improve the prediction of CKD progression. FUNDING This work was supported by Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, MSDAVENIR, Pharma Research and Early Development Roche Laboratories (Basel, Switzerland), and Institut Roche de Recherche et Médecine Translationnelle (Paris, France).
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Bienaimé
- Département « Croissance et Signalisation », Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France; Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Mordi Muorah
- Département « Croissance et Signalisation », Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie Metzger
- CESP, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Melanie Broeuilh
- Département « Croissance et Signalisation », Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Houiller
- Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Européen George Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Martin Flamant
- Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Haymann
- Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jacky Vonderscher
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Hoffmann-La-Roche Ltd, Basel, France
| | - Jacques Mizrahi
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Hoffmann-La-Roche Ltd, Basel, France
| | - Gérard Friedlander
- Département « Croissance et Signalisation », Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bénédicte Stengel
- CESP, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabiola Terzi
- Département « Croissance et Signalisation », Institut Necker Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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Shkhyan R, Flynn C, Lamoure E, Sarkar A, Van Handel B, Li J, York J, Banks N, Van der Horst R, Liu NQ, Lee S, Bajaj P, Vadivel K, Harn HIC, Tassey J, Lozito T, Lieberman JR, Chuong CM, Hurtig MS, Evseenko D. Inhibition of a signaling modality within the gp130 receptor enhances tissue regeneration and mitigates osteoarthritis. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq2395. [PMID: 36947594 PMCID: PMC10792550 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq2395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Adult mammals are incapable of multitissue regeneration, and augmentation of this potential may shift current therapeutic paradigms. We found that a common co-receptor of interleukin 6 (IL-6) cytokines, glycoprotein 130 (gp130), serves as a major nexus integrating various context-specific signaling inputs to either promote regenerative outcomes or aggravate disease progression. Via genetic and pharmacological experiments in vitro and in vivo, we demonstrated that a signaling tyrosine 814 (Y814) within gp130 serves as a major cellular stress sensor. Mice with constitutively inactivated Y814 (F814) were resistant to surgically induced osteoarthritis as reflected by reduced loss of proteoglycans, reduced synovitis, and synovial fibrosis. The F814 mice also exhibited enhanced regenerative, not reparative, responses after wounding in the skin. In addition, pharmacological modulation of gp130 Y814 upstream of the SRC and MAPK circuit by a small molecule, R805, elicited a protective effect on tissues after injury. Topical administration of R805 on mouse skin wounds resulted in enhanced hair follicle neogenesis and dermal regeneration. Intra-articular administration of R805 to rats after medial meniscal tear and to canines after arthroscopic meniscal release markedly mitigated the appearance of osteoarthritis. Single-cell sequencing data demonstrated that genetic and pharmacological modulation of Y814 resulted in attenuation of inflammatory gene signature as visualized by the anti-inflammatory macrophage and nonpathological fibroblast subpopulations in the skin and joint tissue after injury. Together, our study characterized a molecular mechanism that, if manipulated, enhances the intrinsic regenerative capacity of tissues through suppression of a proinflammatory milieu and prevents pathological outcomes in injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzanna Shkhyan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Candace Flynn
- Ontario Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Emma Lamoure
- Ontario Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Arijita Sarkar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Benjamin Van Handel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jinxiu Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jesse York
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Nicholas Banks
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Robert Van der Horst
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Nancy Q. Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Siyoung Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Paul Bajaj
- UCLA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kanagasabai Vadivel
- UCLA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hans I.-Chen Harn
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- International Research Center of Wound Repair and Regeneration (iWRR), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401 Taiwan
| | - Jade Tassey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thomas Lozito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jay R. Lieberman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mark S. Hurtig
- Ontario Veterinary College, Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Denis Evseenko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Wang J, Chang CY, Yang X, Zhou F, Liu J, Feng Z, Hu W. Leukemia inhibitory factor, a double-edged sword with therapeutic implications in human diseases. Mol Ther 2023; 31:331-343. [PMID: 36575793 PMCID: PMC9931620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) superfamily. LIF was initially discovered as a factor to induce the differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells and thus inhibit their proliferation. Subsequent studies have highlighted the multi-functions of LIF under a wide variety of physiological and pathological conditions in a highly cell-, tissue-, and context-dependent manner. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that LIF plays an essential role in the stem cell niche, where it maintains the homeostasis and regeneration of multiple somatic tissues, including intestine, neuron, and muscle. Further, LIF exerts a crucial regulatory role in immunity and functions as a protective factor against many immunopathological diseases, such as infection, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and graft-verse-host disease (GVHD). It is worth noting that while LIF displays a tumor-suppressive function in leukemia, recent studies have highlighted the oncogenic role of LIF in many types of solid tumors, further demonstrating the complexities and context-dependent effects of LIF. In this review, we summarize the recent insights into the roles and mechanisms of LIF in stem cell homeostasis and regeneration, immunity, and cancer, and discuss the potential therapeutic options for human diseases by modulating LIF levels and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wang
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Chun-Yuan Chang
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Xue Yang
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Fan Zhou
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Zhaohui Feng
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
| | - Wenwei Hu
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
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Shen AR, Lv LL. Tubule epithelial cells and fibroblasts communication: Vicious cycle of renal fibrosis. EBioMedicine 2022; 86:104360. [PMID: 36371984 PMCID: PMC9664472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Xu S, Yang X, Chen Q, Liu Z, Chen Y, Yao X, Xiao A, Tian J, Xie L, Zhou M, Hu Z, Zhu F, Xu X, Hou F, Nie J. Leukemia inhibitory factor is a therapeutic target for renal interstitial fibrosis. EBioMedicine 2022; 86:104312. [PMID: 36335669 PMCID: PMC9646860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the IL6 family members in organ fibrosis, including renal interstitial fibrosis (TIF), has been widely explored. However, few studies have ever simultaneously examined them in the same cohort of patients. Besides, the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in TIF remains unclear. METHODS RNA-seq data of kidney biopsies from chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, in both public databases and our assays, were used to analyze transcript levels of IL6 family members. Two TIF mouse models, the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and the ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), were employed to validate the finding. To assess the role of LIF in vivo, short hairpin RNA, lenti-GFP-LIF was used to knockdown LIF receptor (LIFR), overexpress LIF, respectively. LIF-neutralizing antibody was used in therapeutic studies. Whether urinary LIF could be used as a promising predictor for CKD progression was investigated in a prospective observation patient cohort. FINDINGS Among IL6 family members, LIF is the most upregulated one in both human and mouse renal fibrotic lesions. The mRNA level of LIF negatively correlated with eGFR with the strongest correlation and the smallest P value. Baseline urinary concentrations of LIF in CKD patients predict the risk of CKD progression to end-stage kidney disease by Kaplan-Meier analysis. In mouse TIF models, knockdown of LIFR alleviated TIF; conversely, overexpressing LIF exacerbated TIF. Most encouragingly, visible efficacy against TIF was observed by administering LIF-neutralizing antibodies to mice. Mechanistically, LIF-LIFR-EGR1 axis and Sonic Hedgehog signaling formed a vicious cycle between fibroblasts and proximal tubular cells to augment LIF expression and promote the pro-fibrotic response via ERK and STAT3 activation. INTERPRETATION This study discovered that LIF is a noninvasive biomarker for the progression of CKD and a potential therapeutic target of TIF. FUNDINGS Stated in the Acknowledgements section of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanfan Hou
- Corresponding author. Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- Corresponding author. Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Abousaad S, Ahmed F, Abouzeid A, Ongeri EM. Meprin β expression modulates the interleukin-6 mediated JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway in ischemia/reperfusion-induced kidney injury. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15468. [PMID: 36117389 PMCID: PMC9483619 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Meprin metalloproteinases have been implicated in the pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced kidney injury. Previous in vitro data showed that meprin β proteolytically processes interleukin-6 (IL-6) resulting in its inactivation. Recently, meprin-β was also shown to cleave the IL-6 receptor. The goal of this study was to determine how meprin β expression impacts IL-6 and downstream modulators of the JAK2-STAT3-mediated signaling pathway in IR-induced kidney injury. IR was induced in 12-week-old male wild-type (WT) and meprin β knockout (βKO) mice and kidneys obtained at 24 h post-IR. Real-time PCR, western blot, and immunostaining/microscopy approaches were used to quantify mRNA and protein levels respectively, and immunofluorescence counterstaining with proximal tubule (PT) markers to determine protein localization. The mRNA levels for IL-6, CASP3 and BCL-2 increased significantly in both genotypes. Interestingly, western blot data showed increases in protein levels for IL-6, CASP3, and BCL-2 in the βKO but not in WT kidneys. However, immunohistochemical data showed increases in IL-6, CASP3, and BCL-2 proteins in select kidney tubules in both genotypes, shown to be PTs by immunofluorescence counterstaining. IR-induced increases in p-STAT-3 and p-JAK-2 in βKO at a global level but immunoflourescence counterstaining demonstrated p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 increases in select PT for both genotypes. BCL-2 increased only in the renal corpuscle of WT kidneys, suggesting a role for meprins expressed in leukocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed higher levels of leukocyte infiltration in WT kidneys when compared to βKO kidneys. The present data demonstrate that meprin β modulates IR-induced kidney injury in part via IL-6/JAK2/STAT3-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Abousaad
- Department of KinesiologyCollege of Health and Human Sciences, North Carolina A&T State UniversityGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Faihaa Ahmed
- Department of KinesiologyCollege of Health and Human Sciences, North Carolina A&T State UniversityGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Ayman Abouzeid
- Department of KinesiologyCollege of Health and Human Sciences, North Carolina A&T State UniversityGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Elimelda Moige Ongeri
- Department of KinesiologyCollege of Health and Human Sciences, North Carolina A&T State UniversityGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
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Hira K, Sharma P, Mahale A, Prakash Kulkarni O, Sajeli Begum A. Cyclo(Val-Pro) and Cyclo(Leu-Hydroxy-Pro) from Pseudomonas sp. (ABS-36) alleviates acute and chronic renal injury under in vitro and in vivo models (Ischemic reperfusion and unilateral ureter obstruction). Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 103:108494. [PMID: 34973530 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to identify small molecules having potentiality in alleviating renal injury. Two natural compounds cyclo(Val-Pro) (1) and cyclo(Leu-Hydroxy-Pro) (2) were first evaluated under acute renal injury model of ischemic reperfusion at different doses of 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg body weight. Further, the compounds were subjected to antimycin A-induced ischemic in vitro study (NRK-52E cell lines). Both the compounds significantly decreased plasma IL-1β levels (P < 0.05). Also, the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) and renal injury markers (KIM-1, NGAL, α-GST and π-GST) in the renal tissues were significantly alleviated (P < 0.01) along with the improvement in histological damage and control over neutrophil infiltration as a result of ischemic reperfusion. The in vitro study revealed the protective effect against antimycin A-induced cytotoxicity (P < 0.05) and antiapoptotic effect acting through the regulation of Bax, caspase 3 (pro and cleaved) and BCL2 with reduction in Annexin+PI+ cells. Further, the compound cyclo(Val-Pro) (1) was evaluated (50 mg/kg body weight dose) in chronic unilateral ureter obstruction model of renal injury in mice and TGF-β-induced in vitro fibrotic model (NRK-49F cell lines). Cyclo(Val-Pro) (1) significantly reduced the expression levels of fibrotic markers (collagen-1, α-SMA and TGF-β) and showed marked alleviation of renal fibrosis (sirius red staining). Also, the proliferation of TGF-β-induced NRK-49F cells was significantly reduced along with decreased levels of collagen-1 and α-SMA in immunohistochemistry studies. In conclusion, the compounds significantly abrogated ischemic injury by inhibiting renal inflammation and tubular epithelial apoptosis. Further, cyclo (Val-Pro) (1) exhibited significant anti-fibrotic activity through the inhibition of fibroblast activation and proliferation. Thus, these proline-based cyclic dipeptides are recommended as drug leads for treating renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Hira
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Pravesh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Ashutosh Mahale
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - Onkar Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India
| | - A Sajeli Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science - Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana State, India.
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9
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Salem FE, Perin L, Sedrakyan S, Angeletti A, Ghiggeri G, Coccia MC, Ross M, Fribourg M, Cravedi P. The spatially resolved transcriptional profile of acute T cell-mediated rejection in a kidney allograft. Kidney Int 2022; 101:131-136. [PMID: 34555393 PMCID: PMC9387544 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the transcriptional profile of graft biopsies represents a promising strategy to study T cell-mediated-rejection (TCMR), also known as acute cellular rejection. However, bulk RNA sequencing of graft biopsies may not capture the focal nature of acute rejection. Herein, we used the whole exome GeoMX Digital Space Profiling platform to study five tubular and three glomerular regions of interest in the kidney graft biopsy from a patient with a chronic-active TCMR episode and in analogous areas from two different normal kidney control biopsies. All kidney sections were from paraffin blocks. Overall, inflammatory genes were significantly upregulated in the tubular areas of the TCMR biopsy and showed an enrichment for gene-ontology terms associated with T-cell activation, differentiation, and proliferation. Enrichment analysis of the 100 genes with the highest coefficient of variation across the TCMR tubular regions of interest revealed that these highly variable genes are involved in kidney development and injury and interestingly do not associate with the 2019 Banff classification pathology scores within the individual regions of interest. Spatial transcriptomics allowed us to unravel a previously unappreciated variability across different areas of the TCMR biopsy related to the graft response to the alloimmune attack, rather than to the immune cells. Thus, our approach has the potential to decipher clinically relevant, new pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic targets in acute cellular rejection and other kidney diseases with a focal nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi E. Salem
- Department of Pathology & Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Perin
- GOFARR Laboratory for Organ Regenerative Research and Cell Therapeutics in Urology, Saban Research Institute, Division of Urology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sargis Sedrakyan
- GOFARR Laboratory for Organ Regenerative Research and Cell Therapeutics in Urology, Saban Research Institute, Division of Urology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Angeletti
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Giannina Gaslini Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Genoa, Italy
| | - GianMarco Ghiggeri
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Giannina Gaslini Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Coccia
- Pathological Anatomy Unit, Giannina Gaslini Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marty Ross
- NanoString Technologies Inc., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Miguel Fribourg
- Department of Medicine, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paolo Cravedi
- Department of Medicine, Translational Transplant Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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DNA repair factor KAT5 prevents ischemic acute kidney injury through glomerular filtration regulation. iScience 2021; 24:103436. [PMID: 34877495 PMCID: PMC8633972 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The “preconditioning effect” in AKI is a phenomenon in which an episode of ischemia-reperfusion results in tolerance to subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, its relationship between DNA damage repair has not been elucidated. Here, we show the role of KAT5 in the preconditioning effect. Preconditioning attenuated DNA damage in proximal tubular cells with elevated KAT5 expression. Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries were exacerbated, and preconditioning effect vanished in proximal tubular-cell-specific KAT5 knockout mice. Investigation of tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) by MALDI-IMS and urinary adenosine revealed that preconditioning caused attenuated TGF at least in part via KAT5. In addition, K-Cl cotransporter 3 (KCC3) expression decreased in damaged proximal tubular cells, which may be involved in accelerated TGF following IR. Furthermore, KAT5 induced KCC3 expression by maintaining chromatin accessibility and binding to the KCC3 promoter. These results suggest a novel mechanism of the preconditioning effect mediated by the promotion of DNA repair and attenuation of TGF through KAT5. KAT5-mediated DNA damage repair acts against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries K-Cl cotransporter3 (KCC3) expression is decreased in damaged proximal tubular cells Decreased KCC3 may lead to AKI via acceleration of tubuloglomerular feedback KAT5 induces KCC3 expression through an epigenetic mechanism
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11
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Zhang C, Liu J, Wang J, Hu W, Feng Z. The emerging role of leukemia inhibitory factor in cancer and therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 221:107754. [PMID: 33259884 PMCID: PMC8084904 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a multi-functional cytokine of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) superfamily. Initially identified as a factor that inhibits the proliferation of murine myeloid leukemia cells, LIF displays a wide variety of important functions in a cell-, tissue- and context-dependent manner in many physiological and pathological processes, including regulating cell proliferation, pluripotent stem cell self-renewal, tissue/organ development and regeneration, neurogenesis and neural regeneration, maternal reproduction, inflammation, infection, immune response, and metabolism. Emerging evidence has shown that LIF plays an important but complex role in human cancers; while LIF displays a tumor suppressive function in some types of cancers, including leukemia, LIF is overexpressed and exerts an oncogenic function in many more types of cancers. Further, targeting LIF has been actively investigated as a novel strategy for cancer therapy. This review summarizes the recent advances in the studies on LIF in human cancers and its potential application in cancer therapy. A better understanding of the role of LIF in different types of cancers and its underlying mechanisms will help to develop more effective strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Jianming Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Wenwei Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
| | - Zhaohui Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
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12
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Kim KS, Lee JS, Park JH, Lee EY, Moon JS, Lee SK, Lee JS, Kim JH, Kim HS. Identification of Novel Biomarker for Early Detection of Diabetic Nephropathy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050457. [PMID: 33922243 PMCID: PMC8146473 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. After development of DN, patients will progress to end-stage renal disease, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Here, we developed early-stage diagnostic biomarkers to detect DN as a strategy for DN intervention. For the DN model, Zucker diabetic fatty rats were used for DN phenotyping. The results revealed that DN rats showed significantly increased blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine levels, accompanied by severe kidney injury, fibrosis and microstructural changes. In addition, DN rats showed significantly increased urinary excretion of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Transcriptome analysis revealed that new DN biomarkers, such as complementary component 4b (C4b), complementary factor D (CFD), C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) were identified. Furthermore, they were found in the urine of patients with DN. Since these biomarkers were detected in the urine and kidney of DN rats and urine of diabetic patients, the selected markers could be used as early diagnosis biomarkers for chronic diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong-Seok Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (K.-S.K.); (J.-S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Jin-Sol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (K.-S.K.); (J.-S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Jae-Hyeon Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (K.-S.K.); (J.-S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
- BK21 Four Project, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea;
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Jong-Sil Lee
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea;
| | - Jung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (H.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-8072 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7789 (H.-S.K.)
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (K.-S.K.); (J.-S.L.); (J.-H.P.)
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (H.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-55-772-8072 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7789 (H.-S.K.)
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13
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Qiu L, Lai X, Wang JJ, Yeap XY, Han S, Zheng F, Lin C, Zhang Z, Procissi D, Fang D, Li L, Thorp EB, Abecassis MM, Kanwar YS, Zhang ZJ. Kidney-intrinsic factors determine the severity of ischemia/reperfusion injury in a mouse model of delayed graft function. Kidney Int 2020; 98:1489-1501. [PMID: 32822703 PMCID: PMC7814505 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Delayed graft function due to transplant ischemia/reperfusion injury adversely affects up to 50% of deceased-donor kidney transplant recipients. However, key factors contributing to the severity of ischemia/reperfusion injury remain unclear. Here, using a clinically relevant mouse model of delayed graft function, we demonstrated that donor genetic background and kidney-intrinsic MyD88/Trif-dependent innate immunity were key determinants of delayed graft function. Functional deterioration of kidney grafts directly corresponded with the duration of cold ischemia time. The graft dysfunction became irreversible after cold ischemia time exceeded six hours. When cold ischemia time reached four hours, kidney grafts displayed histological features reflective of delayed graft function seen in clinical kidney transplantation. Notably, kidneys of B6 mice exhibited significantly more severe histological and functional impairment than kidneys of C3H or BALB/c mice, regardless of recipient strains or alloreactivities. Furthermore, allografts of B6 mice also showed an upregulation of IL-6, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and endoplasmic reticulum stress genes, as well as an increased influx of host neutrophils and memory CD8 T-cells. In contrast, donor MyD88/Trif deficiency inhibited neutrophil influx and decreased the expression of IL-6 and endoplasmic reticulum stress genes, along with improved graft function and prolonged allograft survival. Thus, kidney-intrinsic factors involving genetic characteristics and innate immunity serve as critical determinants of the severity of delayed graft function. This preclinical murine model allows for further investigations of the mechanisms underlying delayed graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Qiu
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xingqiang Lai
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Organ Transplant Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao-Jing Wang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Xin Yi Yeap
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shulin Han
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Feibo Zheng
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charlie Lin
- Weinberg Art and Science College, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniele Procissi
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, California, USA
| | - Edward B Thorp
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael M Abecassis
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Medicine (Nephrology and Hypertension), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zheng J Zhang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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14
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Franco-Acevedo A, Echavarria R, Moreno-Carranza B, Ortiz CI, Garcia D, Gonzalez-Gonzalez R, Bitzer-Quintero OK, Portilla-De Buen E, Melo Z. Opioid Preconditioning Modulates Repair Responses to Prevent Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110387. [PMID: 33202532 PMCID: PMC7696679 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression to renal damage by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the result of the dysregulation of various tissue damage repair mechanisms. Anesthetic preconditioning with opioids has been shown to be beneficial in myocardial IRI models. Our main objective was to analyze the influence of pharmacological preconditioning with opioids in renal function and expression of molecules involved in tissue repair and angiogenesis. Experimental protocol includes male rats with 45 min ischemia occluding the left renal hilum followed by 24 h of reperfusion with or without 60 min preconditioning with morphine/fentanyl. We analyzed serum creatinine and renal KIM-1 expression. We measured circulating and intrarenal VEGF. Immunohistochemistry for HIF-1 and Cathepsin D (CTD) and real-time PCR for angiogenic genes HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGF Receptor 2 (VEGF-R2), CTD, CD31 and IL-6 were performed. These molecules are considered important effectors of tissue repair responses mediated by the development of new blood vessels. We observed a decrease in acute renal injury mediated by pharmacological preconditioning with opioids. Renal function in opioid preconditioning groups was like in the sham control group. Both anesthetics modulated the expression of HIF-1, VEGF, VEGF-R2 and CD31. Preconditioning negatively regulated CTD. Opioid preconditioning decreased injury through modulation of angiogenic molecule expression. These are factors to consider when establishing strategies in pathophysiological and surgical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Echavarria
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | | | - Cesar-Ivan Ortiz
- Surgical Research Division, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (C.-I.O.); (D.G.); (R.G.-G.); (O.-K.B.-Q.); (E.P.-D.B.)
| | - David Garcia
- Surgical Research Division, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (C.-I.O.); (D.G.); (R.G.-G.); (O.-K.B.-Q.); (E.P.-D.B.)
| | - Ricardo Gonzalez-Gonzalez
- Surgical Research Division, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (C.-I.O.); (D.G.); (R.G.-G.); (O.-K.B.-Q.); (E.P.-D.B.)
| | - Oscar-Kurt Bitzer-Quintero
- Surgical Research Division, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (C.-I.O.); (D.G.); (R.G.-G.); (O.-K.B.-Q.); (E.P.-D.B.)
| | - Eliseo Portilla-De Buen
- Surgical Research Division, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (C.-I.O.); (D.G.); (R.G.-G.); (O.-K.B.-Q.); (E.P.-D.B.)
| | - Zesergio Melo
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigacion Biomedica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-33-3617-7385
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15
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Kormann R, Kavvadas P, Placier S, Vandermeersch S, Dorison A, Dussaule JC, Chadjichristos CE, Prakoura N, Chatziantoniou C. Periostin Promotes Cell Proliferation and Macrophage Polarization to Drive Repair after AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019; 31:85-100. [PMID: 31690575 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019020113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The matricellular protein periostin has been associated with CKD progression in animal models and human biopsy specimens. Periostin functions by interacting with extracellular matrix components to drive collagen fibrillogenesis and remodeling or by signaling through cell-surface integrin receptors to promote cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. However, its role in AKI is unknown. METHODS We used mice with conditional tubule-specific overexpression of periostin or knockout mice lacking periostin expression in the renal ischemia-reperfusion injury model, and primary cultures of isolated tubular cells in a hypoxia-reoxygenation model. RESULTS Tubular epithelial cells showed strong production of periostin during the repair phase of ischemia reperfusion. Periostin overexpression protected mice from renal injury compared with controls, whereas knockout mice showed increased tubular injury and deteriorated renal function. Periostin interacted with its receptor, integrin-β1, to inhibit tubular cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in in vivo and in vitro models. After ischemia-reperfusion injury, periostin-overexpressing mice exhibited diminished expression of proinflammatory molecules and had more F4/80+ macrophages compared with knockout mice. Macrophages from periostin-overexpressing mice showed increased proliferation and expression of proregenerative factors after ischemia-reperfusion injury, whereas knockout mice exhibited the opposite. Coculturing a macrophage cell line with hypoxia-treated primary tubules overexpressing periostin, or treating such macrophages with recombinant periostin, directly induced macrophage proliferation and expression of proregenerative molecules. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the detrimental role of periostin in CKD, we discovered a protective role of periostin in AKI. Our findings suggest periostin may be a novel and important mediator of mechanisms controlling renal repair after AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaёl Kormann
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and.,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Panagiotis Kavvadas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and
| | - Sandrine Placier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and
| | - Sophie Vandermeersch
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and
| | - Aude Dorison
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and.,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Dussaule
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and.,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Christos E Chadjichristos
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and.,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Niki Prakoura
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and
| | - Christos Chatziantoniou
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche Scientifique 1155, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France; and .,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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16
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Arakawa Y, Ushijima K, Tsuchiya H, Morishige JI, Mii A, Ando H, Tsuruoka SI, Fujimura A. Influence of renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury on renal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin receptor (24p3R) in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:1166-1173. [PMID: 31211866 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) receptor (24p3R) is expressed in distal nephron and contributes to the endocytosis of NGAL in urine. This study was undertaken to evaluate an influence of renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury on 24p3R. Unilateral renal pedicle was clamped for 0, 10, 20, 30, or 45 minutes in male Wistar rats. Urine was collected for 24 hours after reperfusion, and ischaemic kidney and blood sample were obtained. Apparent histological injury in the ischaemic kidney was detected in the 30 and 45 minutes-treated groups. Urinary NGAL excretion elevated in rats with renal ischaemia for more than 20 minutes, while serum creatinine increased in rats for more than 30 minutes of ischaemia. Renal protein expression of NGAL did not significantly change. Renal mRNA expressions of megalin and cubilin, which are expressed at renal proximal tubules and uptake NGAL, decreased in animals with renal ischaemia for more than 20 minutes. Renal protein expression of 24p3R, which is expressed at renal distal tubules and uptake NGAL, decreased in rats with renal ischaemia for 45 min. This study showed for the first time that renal 24p3R decreased in response to renal ischaemia. As relatively longer renal ischaemia (45 minutes) decreased renal 24p3R protein and increased urinary NGAL excretion, the down-regulation of 24p3R protein might contribute to the elevated urinary excretion of NGAL in rats with unilateral ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Arakawa
- Division of Nephrology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.,Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ushijima
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsuchiya
- Divisions of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Morishige
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Mii
- Division of Nephrology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ando
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | | | - Akio Fujimura
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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17
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Xue B, Liu D, Song M, Zhao G, Cao Y, Yan G, Dai J, Hu Y. Leukemia inhibitory factor promotes the regeneration of rat uterine horns with full-thickness injury. Wound Repair Regen 2019; 27:477-487. [PMID: 31107586 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Severe uterine injuries may lead to infertility or pregnancy complications. There is a lack of effective methods to restore the structure and function of seriously injured uteri. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), which plays a crucial role in blastocyst implantation, promotes the process of regeneration after injury in several different tissues. In this study, we explored the effect of LIF on the regeneration of rat uterine horns following full-thickness injury. One hundred and twenty four female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to three groups, including a sham-operated group (n = 34 uterine horns), a PBS/collagen group (n = 90 uterine horns), and a LIF/collagen group (n = 124 uterine horns). The regenerated uterine horns were collected at 1, 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks after the surgery. The results showed that LIF/collagen scaffolds increased the number of endometrial cells and neovascularization 2 weeks after uterine full-thickness defect in excision sites (p < 0.001 vs PBS/collagen). Eight weeks after the surgery, the number of endometrial glands was dramatically higher in the LIF/collagen scaffolds group (35.2 ± 4.1/field) than in the PBS/collagen scaffolds (15.1 ± 1.4/field). The percentage of a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA)-positive areas in the LIF/collagen scaffolds (88.8% ± 9.8%) was also significantly higher than that in the PBS/collagen group (52.9% ± 3.7%). Moreover, LIF improved the pregnancy rate and fetus number. We also found that LIF inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12 expression while up-regulating the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 expression in the injured part of the uterine horns. Our results indicate that LIF promotes regeneration of the uterus after injury, and this is at least partially due to its immunomodulatory properties. In addition, it is worth to explore further the possibility for LIF/collagen to be an alternative therapeutic approach for uterine damage in the clinic in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Minmin Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guangfeng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, 210008, China
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18
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Magno AL, Herat LY, Carnagarin R, Schlaich MP, Matthews VB. Current Knowledge of IL-6 Cytokine Family Members in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7010019. [PMID: 30871285 PMCID: PMC6466237 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy kidneys are important for the efficient regulation of metabolism. However, there is an ever increasing population of patients suffering from both acute and chronic kidney diseases that disrupt this homeostasis. This review will explore the emerging roles that interleukin 6 (IL-6) cytokine family members play in the pathogenesis of kidney disease. The IL-6 family of cytokines are involved in a diverse range of physiological functions. In relation to kidney disease, their involvement is no less diverse. Evidence from both preclinical and clinical sources show that IL-6 cytokine family members can play either a deleterious or protective role in response to kidney disease. This appears to be dependent on the type of kidney disease in question or the specific cytokine. Current attempts to use or target IL-6 cytokine family members as therapies of kidney diseases will be highlighted throughout this review. Finally, the involvement of IL-6 cytokine family members in kidney disease will be presented in the context of three regularly overlapping conditions: obesity, hypertension and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L Magno
- Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth 6000, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Lakshini Y Herat
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Science-Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6000, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Revathy Carnagarin
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine-Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6000, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Markus P Schlaich
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine-Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6000, Western Australia, Australia.
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth 6000, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Vance B Matthews
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Science-Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6000, Western Australia, Australia.
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Jalvy S, Veschambre P, Fédou S, Rezvani HR, Thézé N, Thiébaud P. Leukemia inhibitory factor signaling in Xenopus embryo: Insights from gain of function analysis and dominant negative mutant of the receptor. Dev Biol 2019; 447:200-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Durlacher-Betzer K, Hassan A, Levi R, Axelrod J, Silver J, Naveh-Many T. Interleukin-6 contributes to the increase in fibroblast growth factor 23 expression in acute and chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2018; 94:315-325. [PMID: 29861060 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The high serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Mice with folic acid-induced AKI had an increase in bone FGF23 mRNA expression together with an increase in serum FGF23 and several circulating cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6). Dexamethasone partially prevented the increase in IL-6 and FGF23 in the AKI mice. IL-6 knock-out mice fed an adenine diet to induce CKD failed to increase bone FGF23 mRNA and had a muted increase in serum FGF23 levels, compared with the increases in wild-type mice with CKD. Therefore, IL-6 contributes to the increase in FGF23 observed in CKD. Hydrodynamic tail injection of IL-6/soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) fusion protein hyper IL-6 (HIL-6) plasmid increased serum FGF23 levels. Circulating sIL-6R levels were increased in both CKD and AKI mice, suggesting that IL-6 increases FGF23 through sIL-6R-mediated trans-signaling. Renal IL-6 mRNA expression was increased in mice with either AKI or CKD, suggesting the kidney is the source for the increased serum IL-6 levels in the uremic state. HIL-6 also increased FGF23 mRNA in calvaria organ cultures and osteoblast-like UMR106 cells in culture, demonstrating a direct effect of IL-6 on FGF23 expression. HIL-6 increased FGF23 promoter activity through STAT3 phosphorylation and its evolutionarily conserved element in the FGF23 promoter. Thus, IL-6 increases FGF23 transcription and contributes to the high levels of serum FGF23 in both acute and chronic kidney disease.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Kidney Injury/blood
- Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced
- Acute Kidney Injury/drug therapy
- Acute Kidney Injury/immunology
- Adenine/toxicity
- Animals
- Bone and Bones/pathology
- Dexamethasone/therapeutic use
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/blood
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/immunology
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/metabolism
- Folic Acid/toxicity
- Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Interleukin-6/blood
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/immunology
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Kidney/immunology
- Kidney/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Phosphorylation/immunology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-6/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/chemically induced
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/immunology
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Durlacher-Betzer
- Minerva Center for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alia Hassan
- Minerva Center for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronen Levi
- Minerva Center for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jonathan Axelrod
- Goldyn Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Justin Silver
- Minerva Center for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tally Naveh-Many
- Minerva Center for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Nephrology Services, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Su H, Lei CT, Zhang C. Interleukin-6 Signaling Pathway and Its Role in Kidney Disease: An Update. Front Immunol 2017; 8:405. [PMID: 28484449 PMCID: PMC5399081 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that not only regulates the immune and inflammatory response but also affects hematopoiesis, metabolism, and organ development. IL-6 can simultaneously elicit distinct or even contradictory physiopathological processes, which is likely discriminated by the cascades of signaling pathway, termed classic and trans-signaling. Besides playing several important physiological roles, dysregulated IL-6 has been demonstrated to underlie a number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, metabolic abnormalities, and malignancies. This review provides an overview of basic concept of IL-6 signaling pathway as well as the interplay between IL-6 and renal-resident cells, including podocytes, mesangial cells, endothelial cells, and tubular epithelial cells. Additionally, we summarize the roles of IL-6 in several renal diseases, such as IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, and chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Tao Lei
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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22
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Parikova A, Vlijm A, Brabcova I, de Graaff M, Struijk DG, Viklicky O, Krediet RT. Identification of Gene Transcripts Implicated in Peritoneal Membrane Alterations. Perit Dial Int 2016; 36:606-613. [PMID: 27147286 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2015.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
♦ BACKGROUND: Permanent stimulation of the peritoneum during peritoneal dialysis (PD) is likely to result in increased expression of genes encoding proteins involved in inflammation and tissue remodeling. Peritoneal fibrosis and neoangiogenesis may develop. ♦ OBJECTIVE: To assess highly expressed genes potentially in volved in peritoneal alterations during PD treatment using an animal model. ♦ METHODS: A PD catheter was implanted in 36 male Wistar rats after 70% nephrectomy. The rats were divided into 3 groups, exposed to dialysis solution for 8 weeks, and sacrificed 2 weeks later. Group B was exposed to a buffer, group D was exposed to a 3.86% glucose-based dialysis solution, and in group D+H, a second hit of intraperitoneal blood on top of the dialysis solution was given to induce the development of peritoneal sclerosis. Before sacrifice, peritoneal function was assessed. Omental tissue was obtained for analysis of gene expression using RT-qPCR. ♦ RESULTS: Fibrosis scores, vessel counts, and peritoneal function parameters were not different between the groups. Genes involved in the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation were more expressed (p < 0.05) in the D+H group. Almost no differences were found between the control groups. We identified 4 genes that were related to peritoneal transport. ♦ CONCLUSION: Already a mid-term peritoneal exposure, when no microscopical and functional alterations are present, provokes activation of gene pathways of cell proliferation, fibrosis, neoangiogenesis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Parikova
- Department of Nephrology, Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anniek Vlijm
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irena Brabcova
- Department of Transplant Laboratory, Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marijke de Graaff
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk G Struijk
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ondrej Viklicky
- Department of Nephrology, Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Raymond T Krediet
- Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Yu Y, Wang Y, Niu Y, Fu L, Chin YE, Yu C. Leukemia inhibitory factor attenuates renal fibrosis through Stat3-miR-29c. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F595-603. [PMID: 26155847 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00634.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factory (LIF), as a member of the IL-6 family, has been reported to ameliorate myocardial fibrosis and myocardial cell death. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of LIF on renal fibrosis and its underlying mechanism. Our results showed, first, that LIF inhibited collagen type 1 and collagen type 3 expression induced by ANG II in NRK-49F (rat kidney fibroblast) cells and in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Second, LIF induced Stat3 Tyr(705) phosphorylation and inhibited Stat3 Tyr(705) and Ser(727) phosphorylation induced by ANG II in NRK-49F cells. Third, LIF exerted an antirenal fibrosis effect mainly through activation of Stat3 Tyr(705) phosphorylation in NRK-49F cells. These effects of LIF were not observed in Stat3(-/-) cells. Finally, LIF-Stat3 upregulated microRNA-29c expression, and the latter downregulated collagen type 1 and collagen type 3 expression in NRK-49F cells and in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. In conclusion, LIF played a role in antirenal fibrosis by competitively activating Stat3 Tyr(705) phosphorylation, which upregulated microRNA-29c to suppress collagen expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Yumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Niu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Lanjun Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Y Eugene Chin
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and
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Liu Y, Guo R, Hao G, Xiao J, Bao Y, Zhou J, Chen Q, Wei X. The expression profiling and ontology analysis of noncoding RNAs in peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysis fluid. Gene 2015; 564:210-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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Regenerative medicine for the kidney: renotropic factors, renal stem/progenitor cells, and stem cell therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:595493. [PMID: 24895592 PMCID: PMC4034406 DOI: 10.1155/2014/595493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The kidney has the capacity for regeneration and repair after a variety of insults. Over the past few decades, factors that promote repair of the injured kidney have been extensively investigated. By using kidney injury animal models, the role of intrinsic and extrinsic growth factors, transcription factors, and extracellular matrix in this process has been examined. The identification of renal stem cells in the adult kidney as well as in the embryonic kidney is an active area of research. Cell populations expressing putative stem cell markers or possessing stem cell properties have been found in the tubules, interstitium, and glomeruli of the normal kidney. Cell therapies with bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and amniotic fluid-derived stem cells have been highly effective for the treatment of acute or chronic renal failure in animals. Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are also utilized for the construction of artificial kidneys or renal components. In this review, we highlight the advances in regenerative medicine for the kidney from the perspective of renotropic factors, renal stem/progenitor cells, and stem cell therapies and discuss the issues to be solved to realize regenerative therapy for kidney diseases in humans.
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Ablation of proximal tubular suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 enhances tubular cell cycling and modifies macrophage phenotype during acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2014; 85:1357-68. [PMID: 24402091 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2013.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3) is an important intracellular negative regulator of several signaling pathways. We found that SOCS-3 is highly expressed in renal proximal tubules during acute kidney injury. To test the impact of this, conditional proximal tubular knockout mice (SOCS-3(sglt2Δ/sglt2Δ)) were created. These mice had better kidney function than their wild-type counterparts in aristolochic acid nephropathy and after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Kidneys of these knockout mice showed significantly more proximal tubular cell proliferation during the repair phase. A direct effect of SOCS-3 on tubular cell cycling was demonstrated by in vitro experiments showing a JAK/STAT pathway-dependent antimitotic effect of SOCS-3. Furthermore, acute damaged kidneys of the knockout mice contained increased numbers of F4/80(+) cells. Phenotypic analysis of these F4/80(+) cells indicated a polarization from classically activated to alternatively activated macrophages. In vitro, SOCS-3-overexpressing renal epithelial cells directly induced classical activation in cocultured macrophages, supporting the observed in vivo phenomenon. Thus, upregulation of SOCS-3 in stressed proximal tubules plays an important role during acute kidney injury by inhibition of reparative proliferation and by modulation of the macrophage phenotype. Antagonizing SOCS-3 could have therapeutic potential for acute kidney injury.
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27
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Protective role of JAK/STAT signaling against renal fibrosis in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction. Clin Immunol 2013; 150:78-87. [PMID: 24333535 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in renal fibrosis, a final common pathway for kidney diseases. To clarify how JAK/STAT/SOCS system was involved in renal fibrosis, UUO was induced in BALB/c or SOCS3(+/-) mice in the presence or absence of JAK inhibitor-incorporated nanoparticle (pyridine6-PGLA). UUO increased pSTAT3 and subsequently elevated SOCS3 levels in the obstructed kidneys. pSTAT3 levels were further increased in SOCS3(+/-) mice. UUO-induced renal fibrosis was markedly suppressed in SOCS3(+/-) mice, while it was aggravated by pre-treatment with pyridine6-PGLA. Although there were no differences in renal mRNA levels of TGF-β and collagens between wild and SOCS3(+/-) mice, MMP-2 activity was enhanced in SOCS3(+/-) UUO mice. Activated MMP-2 was completely suppressed by pyridine6-PGLA-pre-treatment. TNF-α one of JAK/STAT activators, increased pSTAT3 levels and subsequently induced MMP-2 activation in proximal tubular cells. These results suggest that JAK/STAT3 signaling may play a role in repair process of renal fibrosis in UUO partly via MMP-2 activation.
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28
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Yokoo T, Fukui A, Kobayashi E. Application of regenerative medicine for kidney diseases. Organogenesis 2012; 3:34-43. [PMID: 19279698 DOI: 10.4161/org.3.1.3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Following recent advancements of stem cell research, the potential for organ regeneration using somatic stem cells as an ultimate therapy for organ failure has increased. However, anatomically complicated organs such as the kidney and liver have proven more refractory to stem cell-based regenerative techniques. At present, kidney regeneration is considered to require one of two approaches depending on the type of renal failure, namely acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).The kidney has the potential to regenerate itself provided that the damage is not too severe and the kidney's structure remains intact. Regenerative medicine for ARF should therefore aim to activate or support this potent. In cases of the irreversible damage to the kidney, which is most likely in patients with CRF undergoing long-term dialysis, self-renewal is totally lost. Thus, regenerative medicine for CRF will likely involve the establishment of a functional whole kidney de novo. This article reviews the challenges and recent advances in both approaches and discusses the potential approach of these novel strategies for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yokoo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension; Department of Internal Medicine; The Jikei University School of Medicine; Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Miya M, Maeshima A, Mishima K, Sakurai N, Ikeuchi H, Kuroiwa T, Hiromura K, Yokoo H, Nojima Y. Enhancement of in vitro human tubulogenesis by endothelial cell-derived factors: implications for in vivo tubular regeneration after injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 301:F387-95. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00619.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal proximal tubular epithelium can regenerate after various insults. To examine whether the tubular repair process is regulated by surrounding peritubular capillaries, we established an in vitro human tubulogenesis model that mimics in vivo tubular regeneration after injury. In this model, HGF, a potent renotropic factor, dose dependently induced tubular structures in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells cultured in gels. Consistent with regenerating tubular cells after injury, HGF-induced tubular structures expressed a developmental gene, Pax-2, and a mesenchymal marker, vimentin, and formed a lumen with aquaporin-1 expression. Electron microscopic analysis showed the presence of microvilli on the apical site of the lumen, suggesting that these structures are morphologically equivalent to renal tubules in vivo. When cocultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), HGF-induced tubular formation was significantly enhanced. This could not be reproduced by the addition of VEGF, basic FGF, or PDGF. Protein array revealed that HUVEC produced various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The stimulatory effects of coculture with HUVEC or HUVEC-derived conditional medium were almost completely abolished by addition of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 or TIMP-2. These data suggest that endothelial cell-derived factors including MMPs play a critical role in tubulogenesis and imply a potential role of peritubular capillary endothelium as a source of factor(s) required for tubular recovery after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Miya
- Departments of 1Medicine and Clinical Science and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hideaki Yokoo
- Human Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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Hauser PV, De Fazio R, Bruno S, Sdei S, Grange C, Bussolati B, Benedetto C, Camussi G. Stem cells derived from human amniotic fluid contribute to acute kidney injury recovery. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 177:2011-21. [PMID: 20724594 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.091245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells isolated from human amniotic fluid are gaining attention with regard to their therapeutic potential. In this work, we investigated whether these cells contribute to tubular regeneration after experimental acute kidney injury. Cells expressing stem cell markers with multidifferentiative potential were isolated from human amniotic fluid. The regenerative potential of human amniotic fluid stem cells was compared with that of bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells. We found that the intravenous injection of 3.5 × 10(5) human amniotic fluid stem cells into nonimmune-competent mice with glycerol-induced acute kidney injury was followed by rapid normalization of renal function compared with injection of mesenchymal stem cells. Both stem cell types showed enhanced tubular cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis. Mesenchymal stem cells were more efficient in inducing proliferation than amniotic fluid-derived stem cells, which, in contrast, were more antiapoptotic. Both cell types were found to accumulate within the peritubular capillaries and the interstitium, but amniotic fluid stem cells were more persistent than mesenchymal stem cells. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the two cell types produced different cytokines and growth factors, suggesting that a combination of different mediators is involved in their biological actions. These results suggest that the amniotic fluid-derived stem cells may improve renal regeneration in acute kidney injury, but they are not more effective than mesenchymal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Hauser
- Renal and Vascular Physiopathology Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Biotechnology Centre, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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31
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Luyckx VA, Cairo LV, Compston CA, Phan WL, Mueller TF. Oncostatin M pathway plays a major role in the renal acute phase response. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2009; 296:F875-83. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.90633.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The acute phase response is traditionally characterized by hepatic synthesis of proteins as an inflammatory response to injury, with interleukin-6 (IL-6) being the key mediator. In contrast, microarray studies in human renal transplant implantation biopsies indicate a strong acute phase response in the deceased donor kidney, associated with a significant upregulation of oncostatin M receptor β (OSMR). The aim of this study was to determine whether the kidney can generate a strong acute phase response, mediated by the OSM/OSMR gateway. Genes associated with the IL-6 cytokine family and acute phase reactants were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR in four groups of human biopsies spanning a spectrum of renal injury. OSM, OSMR, and fibrinogen β (FGB) were progressively more highly expressed from prenephrectomy, living donor, deceased donor, to discarded donor kidneys, suggesting correlation with severity of injury and local renal synthesis. Acute phase response gene expression was analyzed in human proximal tubular cells in culture in response to OSM. OSM induced a significant increase in expression of FGB, OSMR, serpin peptidase inhibitor A1, IL-6, and lipopolysaccharide binding protein, and a decrease in IL-6R. These changes were largely attenuated by coincubation with an OSMR blocking antibody, indicating the OSM effect was mediated through OSMR. OSM also resulted in a significantly altered expression of acute phase genes compared with IL-6 or leukemia inhibitory factor, suggesting that OSM is the predominant cytokine mediating the renal tubular acute phase response. In conclusion, the renal parenchyma is capable of generating a strong acute phase response, likely mediated via OSM/OSMR.
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32
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Hill EJ, Vernallis AB. Polarized secretion of leukemia inhibitory factor. BMC Cell Biol 2008; 9:53. [PMID: 18801170 PMCID: PMC2556326 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-9-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The direction of cytokine secretion from polarized cells determines the cytokine's cellular targets. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) belongs to the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines and signals through LIFR/gp130. Three factors which may regulate the direction of LIF secretion were studied: the site of stimulation, signal peptides, and expression levels. Stimulation with IL-1β is known to promote IL-6 secretion from the stimulated membrane (apical or basolateral) in the human intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2. Since LIF is related to IL-6, LIF secretion was also tested in Caco-2 following IL-1β stimulation. Signal peptides may influence the trafficking of LIF. Two isoforms of murine LIF, LIF-M and LIF-D, encode different signal peptides which have been associated with different locations of the mature protein in fibroblasts. To determine the effect of the signal peptides on LIF secretion, secretion levels were compared in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) clones which expressed murine LIF-M or LIF-D or human LIF under the control of an inducible promoter. Low and high levels of LIF expression were also compared since saturation of the apical or basolateral route would reveal specific transporters for LIF. Results When Caco-2 was grown on permeable supports, LIF was secreted constitutively with around 40% secreted into the apical chamber. Stimulation with IL-1β increased LIF production. After treating the apical surface with IL-1β, the percentage secreted apically remained similar to the untreated, whereas, when the cells were stimulated at the basolateral surface only 20% was secreted apically. In MDCK cells, an endogenous LIF-like protein was detected entirely in the apical compartment. The two mLIF isoforms showed no difference in their secretion patterns in MDCK. Interestingly, about 70% of murine and human LIF was secreted apically from MDCK over a 400-fold range of expression levels within clones and a 200,000-fold range across clones. Conclusion The site of stimulation affected the polarity of LIF secretion, while, signal peptides and expression levels did not. Exogenous LIF is transported in MDCK without readily saturated steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Hill
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
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33
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He Z, Lu L, Altmann C, Hoke TS, Ljubanovic D, Jani A, Dinarello CA, Faubel S, Edelstein CL. Interleukin-18 binding protein transgenic mice are protected against ischemic acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2008; 295:F1414-21. [PMID: 18753296 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.90288.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-18 function is neutralized in IL-18 binding protein transgenic (IL-18BP Tg) mice. First, we determined whether IL-18BP Tg mice are protected against ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI). Ischemic AKI was induced by bilateral renal pedicle clamping. IL-18BP Tg mice were functionally and histologically protected against ischemic AKI as determined by blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and acute tubular necrosis score. We have demonstrated that the injurious effect of IL-18 in the kidney is independent of neutrophils and lymphocytes. Thus the effect of IL-18 inhibition on renal macrophage infiltration was determined. The number of macrophages was significantly reduced in IL-18BP Tg compared with wild-type kidneys. To determine the cytokines and chemokines that are dependent on IL-18, we performed flow cytometry based assays. Multiple chemokines/cytokines, IL-3, IL-6, IL-15, IL-18, leukemia inhibitory factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 were significantly increased in AKI vs. sham kidneys. Only CXCL1 (also known as KC or IL-8) was significantly increased in AKI vs. sham kidneys and significantly reduced in IL-18BP Tg AKI vs. wild-type AKI kidneys. To determine whether macrophages are the source of CXCL1 in the kidney, we depleted macrophages with liposomal encapsulated clodronate. CXCL1 was significantly decreased in macrophage-depleted vs. control AKI mice. In summary, in ischemic AKI in mice, 1) IL-18BP Tg mice are functionally and histologically protected, 2) macrophage infiltration in the kidney and CXCL1 are significantly reduced in IL-18BP Tg mice, and 3) macrophage depletion significantly reduces CXCL1 in the kidney. In conclusion, protection against ischemic AKI in IL-18BP Tg mice is associated with less macrophage infiltration and less production of CXCL1 in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin He
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
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Nechemia-Arbely Y, Barkan D, Pizov G, Shriki A, Rose-John S, Galun E, Axelrod JH. IL-6/IL-6R axis plays a critical role in acute kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19:1106-15. [PMID: 18337485 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2007070744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The response to tissue injury involves the coordination of inflammatory and repair processes. IL-6 expression correlates with the onset and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI), but its contribution to pathogenesis remains unclear. This study established a critical role for IL-6 in both the inflammatory response and the resolution of AKI. IL-6-deficient mice were resistant to HgCl2-induced AKI compared with wild-type mice. The accumulation of peritubular neutrophils was lower in IL-6-deficient mice than in wild-type mice, and neutrophil depletion before HgCl2 administration in wild-type mice significantly reduced AKI; these results demonstrate the critical role of IL-6 signaling in the injurious inflammatory process in AKI. Renal IL-6 expression and STAT3 activation in renal tubular epithelial cells significantly increased during the development of injury, suggesting active IL-6 signaling. Although a lack of renal IL-6 receptors (IL-6R) precludes the activation of classical signaling pathways, IL-6 can stimulate target cells together with a soluble form of the IL-6R (sIL-6R) in a process termed trans-signaling. During injury,serum sIL-6R levels increased three-fold, suggesting a possible role for IL-6 trans-signaling in AKI. Stimulation of IL-6 trans-signaling with an IL-6/sIL-6R fusion protein activated STAT3 in renal tubular epithelium and prevented AKI. IL-6/sIL-6R reduced lipid peroxidation after injury, suggesting that its protective effect may be largely mediated through amelioration of oxidative stress. In summary, IL-6 simultaneously promotes an injurious inflammatory response and, through a mechanism of trans-signaling, protects the kidney from further injury.
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Marumo T, Hishikawa K, Yoshikawa M, Fujita T. Epigenetic regulation of BMP7 in the regenerative response to ischemia. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19:1311-20. [PMID: 18322163 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2007091040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys damaged by ischemia have the potential to regenerate through a mechanism involving intrarenal induction of protective factors, including bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7). Epigenetic changes, such as alterations in histone modifications, have also been shown to play a role in various pathologic conditions, but their involvement in ischemic injury and regeneration remains unknown. This study investigated whether changes in histone acetylation, regulated by histone acetyltransferase and histone deacetylase (HDAC), are induced by renal ischemia and involved in the regenerative response. Ischemia/reperfusion of the mouse kidney induced a transient decrease in histone acetylation in proximal tubular cells, likely as a result of a decrease in histone acetyltransferase activity as suggested by experiments with energy-depleted renal epithelial cells in culture. During recovery after transient energy depletion in epithelial cells, the HDAC isozyme HDAC5 was selectively downregulated in parallel with the return of acetylated histone. Knockdown of HDAC5 by RNAi significantly increased histone acetylation and BMP7 expression. BMP7 induction and HDAC5 downregulation in the recovery phase were also observed in proximal tubular cells in vivo after transient ischemia. These data indicate that ischemia induces dynamic epigenetic changes involving HDAC5 downregulation, which contributes to histone re-acetylation and BMP7 induction in the recovery phase. This highlights HDAC5 as a modulator of the regenerative response after ischemia and suggests HDAC5 inhibition may be a therapeutic strategy to enhance BMP7 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Marumo
- Department of Clinical Renal Regeneration and Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 113-8655 Tokyo, Japan.
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36
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously referred to as acute renal failure, represents a common and devastating problem in clinical medicine. Despite significant improvements in therapeutics, the mortality and morbidity associated with AKI remain high. A major reason for this is the lack of early markers for AKI, and hence an unacceptable delay in initiating therapy. Fortunately, the application of innovative technologies such as functional genomics and proteomics to human and animal models of AKI has uncovered several novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The most promising of these are chronicled in this review. These include the identification of biomarker panels in plasma (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C) and urine (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, interleukin-18, cystatin C, alpha1-microglobulin, Fetuin-A, Gro-alpha, and meprin). It is likely that the AKI panels will be useful for timing the initial insult, and assessing the duration and severity of AKI. It is also probable that the AKI panels will distinguish between the various etiologies of AKI and predict clinical outcomes. It will be important in future studies to validate the sensitivity and specificity of these biomarker panels in clinical samples from large cohorts and from multiple clinical situations. Such studies will be facilitated markedly by the development of commercial tools for the reproducible measurement of biomarkers across different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Devarajan
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Takayama J, Takaoka M, Matsumura Y. [Acute and chronic renal failure model in rats and mice]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2008; 131:37-42. [PMID: 18187882 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.131.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Yoshino J, Monkawa T, Tsuji M, Inukai M, Itoh H, Hayashi M. Snail1 is involved in the renal epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 362:63-68. [PMID: 17692821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.07.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The pathological significance of the tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in kidney diseases is becoming increasingly recognized, and the transcription factor Snail1 plays a critical role in EMT. The results of this study show that Snail1 mRNA and protein were upregulated in the tubular epithelial cells of the obstructed kidneys in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction and in human proximal tubule HKC-8 cells treated with TGF-beta1. Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) regulates the Snail1 level by degrading Snail1 protein. The level of the phosphorylated inactive form of GSK-3beta was increased in the tubular epithelial cells of the obstructed kidney. TGF-beta1 increased the phosphorylated form of GSK-3beta in HKC-8 cells, and inhibition of GSK-3beta by the selective inhibitors lithium and TDZD-8 caused Snail1 protein to accumulate. This study demonstrated that Snail1 is involved in renal tubular EMT and that TGF-beta1 regulates Snail1 at the transcription and protein degradation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yoshino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Monkawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Mihoko Tsuji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mai Inukai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Matsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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Russo J, Balogh GA, Heulings R, Mailo DA, Moral R, Russo PA, Sheriff F, Vanegas J, Russo IH. Molecular basis of pregnancy-induced breast cancer protection. Eur J Cancer Prev 2007; 15:306-42. [PMID: 16835503 DOI: 10.1097/00008469-200608000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We have postulated that the lifetime protective effect of an early pregnancy against breast cancer is due to the complete differentiation of the mammary gland characterized by a specific genomic signature imprinted by the physiological process of pregnancy. In the present work, we show evidence that the breast tissue of postmenopausal parous women has had a shifting of stem cell 1 to stem cell 2 with a genomic signature different from similar structures derived from postmenopausal nulliparous women that have stem cell 1. Those genes that are significantly different are grouped in major categories on the basis of their putative functional significance. Among them are those gene transcripts related to immune surveillance, DNA repair, transcription, chromatin structure/activators/co-activators, growth factor and signal transduction pathway, transport and cell trafficking, cell proliferation, differentiation, cell adhesion, protein synthesis and cell metabolism. From these data, it was concluded that during pregnancy there are significant genomic changes that reflect profound alterations in the basic physiology of the mammary gland that explain the protective effect against carcinogenesis. The implication of this knowledge is that when the genomic signature of protection or refractoriness to carcinogenesis is acquired by the shifting of stem cell 1 to stem cell 2, the hormonal milieu induced by pregnancy or pregnancy-like conditions is no longer required. This is a novel concept that challenges the current knowledge that a chemopreventive agent needs to be given for a long period to suppress a metabolic pathway or abrogate the function of an organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Russo
- Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.
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40
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Hayashi M. Development of new therapies, including regeneration of the kidney, for chronic kidney diseases. Clin Exp Nephrol 2006; 10:99-101. [PMID: 16791394 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-006-0418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing number of patients on chronic hemodialysis is a great problem in the field of nephrology in Japan and Western countries. Current therapies for chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) can retard the progression of renal failure, but cannot completely stop their progression to endstage renal failure (ESRD). Many researchers are now studying new therapeutic targets for CKDs, by various methods. Furthermore, because organ donation for kidney transplantation is very limited in Japan, research on kidney regeneration is an important issue for the therapy of ESRD. To regenerate the kidney, stem cells and growth factors for the kidney are being extensively studied, although the clinical application of the results of these studies has not yet taken place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matsuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Devarajan
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, OH 45229-3039, USA.
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Tsuji M, Monkawa T, Yoshino J, Asai M, Fukuda S, Kawachi H, Shimizu F, Hayashi M, Saruta T. Microarray analysis of a reversible model and an irreversible model of anti-Thy-1 nephritis. Kidney Int 2006; 69:996-1004. [PMID: 16528249 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A single intravenous injection of anti-Thy-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 1-22-3 is known to cause reversible mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. However, mAb 1-22-3 injection followed by unilateral nephrectomy leads to progressive glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial change with an irreversible course. To identify genes that play an important role in the irreversible progression of renal injury, we used microarray technology to identify differences in gene expression between these models. Rats were intravenously injected with mAb 1-22-3 1 week after unilateral nephrectomy (irreversible model) or a sham operation (reversible model), and rats were killed on days 4, 7, 14, 42, and 56 after the injection. complementary DNA probes prepared from kidney messenger RNAs were hybridized with oligonucleotide microarrays containing 4854 rat genes. The microarray identified 189 differentially expressed genes, having at least a two-fold difference in expression level between the two models, and they were classified into five clusters. One of the clusters consisted of genes whose expression was markedly upregulated in the irreversible model. This cluster included the genes encoding osteopontin, kidney injury molecule-1, and thymosin beta10. Increased expression of thymosin beta10 was localized mainly in macrophages in the fibrotic interstitium, and upregulation of thymosin beta10 expression was also observed in a unilateral ureteral obstruction model. The microarray analysis yielded information on the molecular mechanisms responsible for the difference in disease progression between the reversible and irreversible model of anti-Thy-1 nephritis. Thymosin beta10 may play an important role in the progression of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tsuji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Maeshima A, Sakurai H, Nigam SK. Adult kidney tubular cell population showing phenotypic plasticity, tubulogenic capacity, and integration capability into developing kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 17:188-98. [PMID: 16338966 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2005040370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling, a tubular cell population (label-retaining tubular cells [LRTC]) was identified recently in normal adult kidneys, which contributes actively to the regeneration process of the kidney after injury. Here, these LRTC are characterized in vitro. The LRTC population was isolated from BrdU-treated rat kidney by FACS. Both LRTC and non-LRTC underwent proliferation and maintained an epithelial phenotype in the presence of tubulogenic growth factors such as EGF, TGF-alpha, IGF-I, and hepatocyte growth factor. It is interesting that LRTC also proliferated without epithelial markers expression in the presence of soluble factors derived from an embryonic kidney metanephric mesenchyme cell line. The type of extracellular matrix strongly influenced the phenotype of LRTC. Furthermore, in three-dimensional collagen gel culture, LRTC formed tubule-like or tubulocystic structures in response to growth factors (hepatocyte growth factor and fibroblast growth factor) that are known to induce kidney cell tubulogenesis in vitro and/or participate in renal regeneration in vivo. In contrast, non-LRTC did not form these structures. When transplanted into the metanephric kidney, LRTC but not non-LRTC were integrated into epithelial components of nephron, including the proximal tubular cells and the ureteric bud. They also differentiated into fibroblast-like cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that LRTC are an adult kidney tubular cell population that shows phenotypic plasticity, tubulogenic capacity, and integration capability into the developing kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Maeshima
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0693, USA
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Soullier S, Gayrard N, Méjean C, Swarcz I, Mourad G, Argilés A. [Molecular mechanisms involved in kidney ischemia-reperfusion]. Nephrol Ther 2005; 1:315-21. [PMID: 16895701 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2005.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2004] [Accepted: 05/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute renal failure (ARF) is still associated with high mortality. It is the consequence of a set of phenomena leading to a low glomerular filtration rate resulting, at least partly, from a misregulation of renal blood flow resulting itself from injuries at the epithelial and endothelial level. The outer medulla seems to be the region of the kidney the most affected by ischemia. Investigation at the histological level reveals a partial destruction of the renal epithelium generated by necrosis and/or apoptosis, loss of cell polarity, cell desquamation into the lumen and endothelial cell swelling. The recent advances in the comprehension of this pathology underline the major role of inflammation, which is probably responsible for the worsening and the persistence of ARF. Studies at the molecular level have pinpointed the implication of many signalling pathways such as apoptosis, G-protein signalling, various receptor and kinase activation. The characterisation of the molecular events involved in ARF should help in our approaches to prevent and treat ARF. The understanding of the adaptation mechanisms to ischemic stress (conditioning) is probably one of the most promising research area of this field in terms of medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Soullier
- Groupe rein, Institut de génomique fonctionnelle, CNRS UMR5203, Inserm U661-UM1-UM2, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier cedex 05, France
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Hishikawa K, Marumo T, Miura S, Nakanishi A, Matsuzaki Y, Shibata K, Ichiyanagi T, Kohike H, Komori T, Takahashi I, Takase O, Imai N, Yoshikawa M, Inowa T, Hayashi M, Nakaki T, Nakauchi H, Okano H, Fujita T. Musculin/MyoR is expressed in kidney side population cells and can regulate their function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 169:921-8. [PMID: 15967813 PMCID: PMC2171631 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200412167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Musculin/MyoR is a new member of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, and its expression is limited to skeletal muscle precursors. Here, we report that musculin/MyoR is expressed in adult kidney side population (SP) cells and can regulate their function. SP phenotype can be used to purify stem cell–rich fractions. Microarray analysis clarified that musculin/MyoR was exclusively expressed in kidney SP cells, and the cells resided in the renal interstitial space. Musculin/MyoR-positive cells were decreased in acute renal failure, but infusion of kidney SP cells increased musculin/MyoR-positive cells and improved renal function. Kidney SP cells in reversible acute renal failure expressed a high level of renoprotective factors and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), but not in irreversible chronic renal failure. In cultured kidney SP cells, LIF stimulated gene expression of renoprotective factors, and down-regulation of musculin/MyoR augmented LIF-induced gene expression. Our results suggest that musculin/MyoR may play important roles not only in developmental processes but also in regenerative processes in adult tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hishikawa
- Department of Clinical Renal Regeneration, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
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Hishikawa K, Marumo T, Miura S, Nakanishi A, Matsuzaki Y, Shibata K, Kohike H, Komori T, Hayashi M, Nakaki T, Nakauchi H, Okano H, Fujita T. Leukemia inhibitory factor induces multi-lineage differentiation of adult stem-like cells in kidney via kidney-specific cadherin 16. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 328:288-91. [PMID: 15670782 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Side population (SP) is reported to be a stem cell-rich population. In the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), cultured kidney SP cells differentiated into multi-lineage in collagen gel but not in synthesized polymer that has no cell adhesion factor. In cultured kidney SP cells, gene expression of kidney-specific cadherin 16 was specifically upregulated in collagen gel but not in synthesized polymer. Moreover, decreasing cadherin 16 expression using siRNA abolished LIF-induced multi-lineage differentiation of kidney SP in collagen gel. These results indicated that LIF induced multi-lineage differentiation of adult stem-like cells in kidney via cadherin 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Hishikawa
- Department of Clinical Renal Regeneration, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Bartsch I, Zschaler I, Haseloff M, Steinberg P. ESTABLISHMENT OF A LONG-TERM CULTURE SYSTEM FOR RAT COLON EPITHELIAL CELLS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 40:278-84. [PMID: 15723563 DOI: 10.1290/0404035.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a long-term culture system for rat colon epithelial cells. Colonic crypts were isolated by incubating a 4-cm-long rat colon segment cut longitudinally with an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [disodium salt]-containing buffer, taken up in conditioned medium from the normal rat kidney fibroblast cell line NRK (i.e., the supernatant of pure NRK cultures), directly plated on mitomycin C-treated NRK cells and subcultured with conditioned medium from NRK cells. Cells started to migrate out of the crypts shortly after plating them on NRK feeder layers. Some of the crypts fell apart during the isolation procedure, whereas the vast majority of them did it within 1 to 2 h after plating. The cells proliferated extremely slowly but continuously over a period of 4 mo and were epithelial because they expressed cytokeratin 19 and were stained by crystal violet at pH 2.8. In conclusion, the experimental system described in this study allows to maintain rat colon epithelial cells for up to 4 mo in culture and can be used to study the effects of a variety of tumor-modulating factors on growth and gene expression of normal colon epithelial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Bartsch
- Chair of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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