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Sipos B, Vecsey-Nagy M, Vattay B, Boussoussou M, Jokkel Z, Borzsák S, Jermendy Á, Panajotu A, Gonda X, Rihmer Z, Merkely B, Szilveszter B, Nemcsik J. Association between affective temperaments and the severity and the extent of coronary artery disease as obtained by coronary CT angiography. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:47-54. [PMID: 39029693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective temperaments are documented predictors of psychopathology, but cumulating data suggest their relationship with coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate their role in relation to surrogate semiquantitative markers of coronary plaque burden, as assessed by coronary CT angiography (CCTA). METHODS We included 351 patients who were referred for CCTA due to suspected CAD. All patients completed the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). The severity and extent of CAD was evaluated by CCTA, applying semiquantitative plaque burden scores, notably Segment Involvement Score (SIS) and Segment Stenosis Score (SSS). Logistic regression analyses were performed to define the predictors of CAD severity and extent. RESULTS Regarding the scores evaluated by TEMPS-A that consists of 110 questions, in men, significant inverse association was found between hyperthymic temperament score and SSS (β = -0.143, (95%CI: -0.091 to -0.004), p = 0.034). Compared to the TEMPS-A form, applying the abbreviated version - containing 40 questions - significant relationship between affective temperaments and SSS or SIS was found in case of both sexes. Concerning men, hyperthymic temperament was demonstrated to be independent predictor of both SSS (β = -0.193, (95%CI: -0.224 to -0.048), p = 0.004) and SIS (β = -0.194, (95%CI: -0.202 to -0.038), p = 0.004). Additionally, we proved, that significant positive association between irritable temperament and SSS (β = 0.152, (95%CI: 0.002 to 0.269), p = 0.047) and SIS (β = 0.155, (95%CI: 0.004 to 0.221), p = 0.042) exists among women. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional analysis of a single center study with self-reported questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS Assessment of affective temperaments could offer added value in stratifying cardiovascular risk for patients beyond traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sipos
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Milán Vecsey-Nagy
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Borbála Vattay
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Melinda Boussoussou
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Jokkel
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Sarolta Borzsák
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Ádám Jermendy
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Alexisz Panajotu
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Xenia Gonda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Balassa Street 6, Hungary; MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Rihmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Balassa Street 6, Hungary; Nyírő Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, 1135 Budapest, Lehel Street 59, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary
| | - Bálint Szilveszter
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Városmajor Street 68, Hungary.
| | - János Nemcsik
- Department of Family Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Stáhly Street 7-9, Hungary; Health Service of Zugló (ZESZ), 1148 Budapest, Örs vezér Square 23, Hungary
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Ramirez Garcia MP, Leclerc-Loiselle J, Côté J, Brouillette MJ, Thomas R. Effect of autogenic training on quality of life and symptoms in people living with HIV: A mixed method randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 50:101716. [PMID: 36528982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Quality of life of people living with HIV is strongly affected by sleep problems, fatigue, pain, anxiety, and depression symptoms. This study set out to evaluate the effects of autogenic training (AT) on quality of life and symptoms within this population. METHODS A mixed method randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were randomly assigned to either the AT group (n = 32) or the control group (CG) (n = 31). Quality of life and symptoms were measured in both groups three times: prior to intervention (T0), immediately after intervention (T3), and three months after intervention (T6). Fourteen individual interviews were conducted. RESULTS Results show a significant improvement in social and mental dimensions of quality of life for the two groups at T6. They also show a significant improvement in sleep for AT participants at T3. Qualitative results are consistent with quantitative ones. CONCLUSION AT seems to improve sleep quality and could improve some dimensions of quality of life and other symptoms among people living with HIV. Further studies are needed to confirm these results. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01901016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pilar Ramirez Garcia
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Quebec Network on Nursing Intervention Research (RRISIQ), QC, Canada.
| | | | - José Côté
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Quebec Network on Nursing Intervention Research (RRISIQ), QC, Canada.
| | - Marie-Josée Brouillette
- AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; McGill University Health Centre, Canada.
| | - Réjean Thomas
- AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Canada; Clinique Médicale l'Actuel, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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3
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Ramirez Garcia MP, Leclerc-Loiselle J, Côté J, Brouillette MJ, Thomas R. The process of learning the autogenic training relaxation technique and its benefits on the wellness of people living with HIV. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:86. [PMID: 35331226 PMCID: PMC8953141 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03557-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various mind-body practices are used by people living with HIV to promote their general well-being. Among these is autogenic training (AT), a self-guided relaxation technique requiring regular practice for observable benefits. However, little has been written about the process of learning this technique, which is obviously a prerequisite to regular practice. This study therefore aims to describe the process by which people living with HIV learn AT. Methods The study is a descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and a thematic analysis with a mixed approach. Fourteen participants living with HIV completed sessions to learn autogenic training over a period of 3 months. Results The process of learning AT was approached through three themes: initiating the learning process, taking ownership of the technique, and observing its benefits on wellness. To initiate learning, participants had to express a need to take action on an aspect of their well-being and their openness to complementary approaches to care. Taking ownership of the technique was facilitated by guidance from the nurse researcher, the participants’ personal adaptations to overcome barriers to their practice, regular practice, and rapid observation of its benefits. Finally, the participants reported the observation of benefits on their wellness, including personal development, mainly in terms of the creative self, the essential self, and the coping self. This perception of the technique’s benefits was part of the learning process, as it contributed both to the participants’ ownership of the technique and to reinforcing their AT practice. Conclusions People living with HIV see learning AT as a progressive process, in which wellness is a major outcome and a contributing factor in developing a regular practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03557-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pilar Ramirez Garcia
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada. .,Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada. .,Quebec Nursing Intervention Research Network (RRISIQ), Quebec, QC, Canada.
| | - Jérôme Leclerc-Loiselle
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - José Côté
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.,Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, P. 6128, succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.,Quebec Nursing Intervention Research Network (RRISIQ), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Brouillette
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Quebec, Canada
| | - Réjean Thomas
- AIDS and Infectious Disease Network (SIDA-MI), Quebec, Canada.,Clinique médicale l'Actuel, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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4
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Nilsson Schönnesson L, Ross MW, Garcia-Huidobro D, Eriksson LE, Andersson G, Williams ML, Ekström AM. Hopelessness and HIV infection: an exploratory study with a gender-specific perspective. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:46. [PMID: 35227317 PMCID: PMC8887031 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An understudied psychological response to HIV-related stressors among people living with HIV is hopelessness. Hopelessness is the expectation that things will not improve and feeling helpless to change one's current situation. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence and levels of hopelessness and its direct and indirect contributors in people living with HIV in Sweden. METHODS Participants included 967 women and men from the "Living with HIV in Sweden" cross-sectional study with available data regarding hopelessness measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine direct and indirect factors that may contribute to feelings of hopelessness. Path analyses were used to assess the underlying structure of hopelessness. All analyses were conducted by gender. RESULTS Almost half the participants reported moderate to severe hopelessness. There were no differences in frequency of feeling hopeless or level of hopelessness by gender or sexual orientation. Dissatisfaction with finances, dissatisfaction with physical health, and low HIV-related emotional support were found to be directly associated with hopelessness for both women and men. Although having some indirect factors in common, unemployment and HIV stigmatization, women and men had different underlying structures of hopelessness. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are important to HIV clinicians in identifying those at risk of hopelessness from a gender perspective in order to reduce preventable psychological distress among people living with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Nilsson Schönnesson
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Kolstan, Övre Kolstan, 671 98, Gunnarskog, Sweden.
| | - Michael W Ross
- Joycelyn Elders Professor and Chair of Sexual Health Education, Department of Family Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Diego Garcia-Huidobro
- Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lars E Eriksson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
- School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
- Medical Unit Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Galit Andersson
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark L Williams
- Joycelyn Elders Professor and Dean, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Anna-Mia Ekström
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Unit Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Araujo RA, Amaral S, Tolentino A, Zeballos D, Montaño I, Souza LS, Lins-Kusterer L, Brites C. Low Quality of Life, Falls, and Pre-Frailty are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Virologically Suppressed PLWHIV in Salvador, Brazil. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:397-406. [PMID: 34312738 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Depression is the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide and PLWHIV present a higher risk of developing depressive symptoms. We aimed to evaluate depressive symptoms and their predictors in virologically suppressed PLWHIV. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 200 PLWHIV. Depressive symptoms were defined as scoring ≥ 14 points in the Beck Depression Inventory II. Most of the participants (58.5%) were men, with a median age of 54 years (IQR: 46.25-59.00). Depressive symptoms' prevalence was 19.5% and they were associated with being divorced/widowed (aOR: 2.93, CI 95%: 1.17-7.37), recurrent falls (aOR: 4.24, CI 95%: 1.07-16.85), pre-frailty (aOR: 3.55, CI 95%: 1.47-8.57), and lower scores in all HRQoL dimensions. Although virologically suppressed PLWHIV presented lower prevalence of depressive symptoms than reported in previous studies in Brazil and South America, they were associated with falls and frailty, highlighting the need for screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Antonius Araujo
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia (LAPI), Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Dr. Augusto Viana Street, Salvador, BA, 40.110-060, Brazil
| | - Sávio Amaral
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia (LAPI), Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Dr. Augusto Viana Street, Salvador, BA, 40.110-060, Brazil.
| | - Arthur Tolentino
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia (LAPI), Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Dr. Augusto Viana Street, Salvador, BA, 40.110-060, Brazil
| | - Diana Zeballos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva (PPgSC), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Iris Montaño
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia (LAPI), Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Dr. Augusto Viana Street, Salvador, BA, 40.110-060, Brazil
| | - Lucca S Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Liliane Lins-Kusterer
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia (LAPI), Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Dr. Augusto Viana Street, Salvador, BA, 40.110-060, Brazil
| | - Carlos Brites
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia (LAPI), Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Dr. Augusto Viana Street, Salvador, BA, 40.110-060, Brazil
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6
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Brathwaite R, Ssewamala FM, Neilands TB, Nabunya P, Byansi W, Damulira C. Development and external validation of a risk calculator to predict internalising symptoms among Ugandan youths affected by HIV. Psychiatry Res 2021; 302:114028. [PMID: 34129997 PMCID: PMC8277696 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop and externally validate a model to predict individualized risk of internalizing symptoms among AIDS-affected youths in low-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa. Longitudinal data from 558 Ugandan adolescents orphaned by AIDS was used to develop our predictive model. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator logistic regression was used to select the best subset of predictors using 10-fold cross-validation. External validation of the final model was conducted in a sample of 372 adolescents living with HIV in Uganda. Best predictors for internalizing symptoms were gender, family cohesion, social support, asset ownership, recent sexually transmitted infection (STI) diagnosis, physical health self-rating, and previous poor mental health; area under the curve (AUC) = 72.2; 95% CI = 67.9-76.5. For adolescents without history of internalizing symptoms, the AUC = 69.0, 95% CI = 63.4-74.6, and was best predicted by gender, drug use, social support, asset ownership, recent STI diagnosis, and physical health self-rating. Both models were well calibrated. External validation in adolescents living with HIV sample was similar, AUC = 69.7; 95% CI = 64.1-75.2. The model predicted internalizing symptoms among African AIDS-affected youth reasonably well and showed good generalizability. The model offers opportunities for the design of public health interventions addressing poor mental health among youth affected by HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Brathwaite
- International Center for Child Health and Development, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63130, U.S.A..
| | - Fred M. Ssewamala
- International Center for Child Health and Development, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63130, U.S.A
| | - Torsten B. Neilands
- Division of Prevention Science, University of California, San Francisco, California, 94143, U.S.A
| | - Proscovia Nabunya
- International Center for Child Health and Development, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63130, U.S.A
| | - William Byansi
- International Center for Child Health and Development, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63130, U.S.A
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7
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Kelbert EF, Pinheiro LM, Souza LDM, Pinheiro CAT, Pinheiro KAT, Motta JVS, Barros MMD, Coelho FMC, Souza MS, Martins CSR, Pinheiro RT. Suicide risk in people living with AIDS/HIV: the effect of childhood trauma is mediated by mental disorders and social vulnerability. AIDS Care 2019; 32:512-517. [PMID: 31801367 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1695732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Suicide is an important problem in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The importance of mental disorders and social vulnerability on suicidal behaviors is described in the literature; however, the impact of childhood traumatic events in this scenario is not clear. The aim of this study was to verify the mediation effect of mental disorder comorbidities and social vulnerability in association with childhood trauma intensity and suicide risk level. This cross-sectional study of HIV-positive outpatients was conducted in a specialized care service in the city of Pelotas in Southern Brazil. Sociodemographic data and HIV-related information were collected and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was applied. A total of 364 patients underwent psychiatric evaluation using MINI Plus including module C of suicide risk severity. Suicide risk was present in 39.3% of the sample. The relation between childhood traumatic events and the level of suicide risk is mediated by mental disorder comorbidities and socioeconomic vulnerability. Specific psychosocial interventions in PLWHA should consider the potential role of abusive traumatic experiences in the current mental health conditions and suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Kelbert
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - L M Pinheiro
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - L D M Souza
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - C A T Pinheiro
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Serviço de Assistência Especializada, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - K A T Pinheiro
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - J V S Motta
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - M M D Barros
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - F M C Coelho
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - M S Souza
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - C S R Martins
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - R T Pinheiro
- Programa de Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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8
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The Impact of Perceived Stigma, Quality of Life, and Spiritual Beliefs on Suicidal Ideations among HIV-Positive Patients. AIDS Res Treat 2018; 2018:6120127. [PMID: 30356375 PMCID: PMC6176316 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6120127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Suicidal ideation is considered a major health problem associated with HIV/AIDS. Suicide rates among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are more than three times higher in the general population and that is a significant difference. This study aimed at investigating the related factors of suicidal ideations among HIV-positive patients in Southwest Iran. Study Design A cross-sectional study. Methods 351 adult volunteer HIV-infected patients that referred to the Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) center in the south of Iran were evaluated based on convenience sampling. Data was collected utilizing a structured questionnaire from March to August 2015. Results Over the six months prior to the study, 15.4% of the entire sample had been diagnosed with suicidal ideation. There was a significant correlation between the quality of life, spiritual beliefs, perceived stigma, and age with suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation is significantly different in terms of gender and marital status. Perceived stigma and spiritual beliefs showed the highest effect on suicidal ideations, respectively. Conclusions Having religious beliefs due to accelerating psychological adaptation can motivate HIV patients to survive and have also been considered effective in preventing women from suicide. Perceived stigma and quality of life are other factors that should be taken into consideration as key elements in suicide preventive programs.
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9
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Ronel J, Dinkel A, Wolf E, Marten-Mittag B, Mueck B, Mayr C, Hoffmann C, Karwat M, Schewe K, Baumgarten A, Jaeger H. Anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life in aging people living with HIV compared to diabetes patients and patients with minor health conditions: a longitudinal study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2018; 23:823-830. [PMID: 29430957 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2018.1437276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
HIV infection has evolved from a fatal to a treatable condition, leading to an increase in the rate of elderly People Living with HIV (PLWH). However, little is known about the psychosocial burden of elderly PLWH. Thus, the aim of this longitudinal multi-center cohort study was to investigate whether elderly PLWH experience more anxiety and depression and reduced health related quality of life (HRQOL) compared to elderly patients with other chronic conditions. PLWH were compared to diabetes patients (DM) and patients with minor health conditions (MHC), e.g. patients with hypertension or allergic conditions. All patients were over 50 years old. Anxiety and depression (HADS) as well as HRQOL (SF-36) were assessed at baseline and after 12 months. 218 PLWH, 249 DM and 254 MHC were included. At baseline, the study groups did not differ in anxiety, depression, and physical HRQOL. However, PLWH indicated lower mental HRQOL than DM and MHC patients (p = 0.001). We did not obtain any moderating effects showing a differential effect of patient characteristics on anxiety, depression, and HRQOL in the three patient groups. At follow-up, the level of anxiety, depression, and HRQOL did not change significantly. The prevalence of anxiety ranged between 27 and 35%, and that of depression between 17 and 28%. Thus, the results of our investigation tentatively suggest that the psychosocial adaptation to HIV among elderly PLWH resembles those of other chronic diseases. There may be some subtle impairments, though, as PLWH experienced lower mental HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joram Ronel
- a Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy (IZAR Interdisciplinary HIV Centre) , Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich , Germany.,b Department of Psychosomatic Medicine , Clinic Barmelweid , Barmelweid , Switzerland
| | - Andreas Dinkel
- a Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy (IZAR Interdisciplinary HIV Centre) , Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- c MUC Research , Munich , Germany
| | - Birgitt Marten-Mittag
- a Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy (IZAR Interdisciplinary HIV Centre) , Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich , Germany
| | | | - Christoph Mayr
- d MVZ Finnländische Strasse , Berlin , Germany.,e DAGNAE e.V. , Berlin , Germany
| | | | | | - Knud Schewe
- e DAGNAE e.V. , Berlin , Germany.,f ICH Study Centre , Hamburg , Germany
| | | | - Hans Jaeger
- e DAGNAE e.V. , Berlin , Germany.,i MVZ Karlsplatz, HIV Research and Clinical Care Centre , Munich , Germany
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10
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Poyraz BÇ, Sakallı Kani A, Aksoy Poyraz C, Öcek Baş T, Arıkan MK. Cognitive Psychophysiological Substrates of Affective Temperaments. Clin EEG Neurosci 2017; 48:96-102. [PMID: 27193594 DOI: 10.1177/1550059416650112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Affective temperaments are the subclinical manifestations or phenotypes of mood states and hypothetically represent one healthy end of the mood disorder spectrum. However, there is a scarcity of studies investigating the neurobiological basis of affective temperaments. One fundamental aspect of temperament is the behavioral reactivity to environmental stimuli, which can be effectively evaluated by use of cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) reflecting the diversity of information processing. The aim of the present study is to explore the associations between P300 and the affective temperamental traits in healthy individuals. We recorded the P300 ERP waves using an auditory oddball paradigm in 50 medical student volunteers (23 females, 27 males). Participants' affective temperaments were evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-auto questionnaire version (TEMPS-A). In bivariate analyses, depressive temperament score was significantly correlated with P300 latency ( rs = 0.37, P < .01). In a multiple linear regression analysis, P300 latency showed a significant positive correlation with scores of depressive temperament (β = 0.40, P < .01) and a significant negative one with scores of cyclothymic temperament (β = -0.29, P = .03). Affective temperament scores were not associated with P300 amplitude and reaction times. These results indicate that affective temperaments are related to information processing in the brain. Depressive temperament may be characterized by decreased physiological arousal and slower information processing, while the opposite was observed for cyclothymic temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burç Çağrı Poyraz
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Cana Aksoy Poyraz
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Kemal Arıkan
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
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Obermeit LC, Beltran J, Casaletto KB, Franklin DR, Letendre S, Ellis R, Fennema-Notestine C, Vaida F, Collier AC, Marra CM, Clifford D, Gelman B, Sacktor N, Morgello S, Simpson D, McCutchan JA, Grant I, Heaton RK. Evaluating the accuracy of self-report for the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND): defining "symptomatic" versus "asymptomatic" HAND. J Neurovirol 2016; 23:67-78. [PMID: 27557777 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-016-0474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The criteria for differentiating symptomatic from asymptomatic HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder require evaluation of (1) cognitive impairment, (2) daily functioning declines, and (3) whether the functional declines are attributable to cognitive versus physical problems. Many providers rely only on self-report to evaluate these latter criteria. However, the accuracy of patient-provided information may be limited. This study evaluated the validity of self-assessment for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) diagnoses by comparing objective findings with self-report of criteria 2 and 3 above. Self-reports were used to stratify 277 cognitively impaired HIV+ individuals into functionally dependent (n = 159) and independent (n = 118) groups, followed by group comparisons of objective functional problems. The dependent group was then divided into those who self-attributed their functional dependence to only cognitive (n = 80) versus only physical (n = 79) causes, for further comparisons on objective findings. The functionally dependent group was significantly worse than the independent group on all objective disability characteristics except severity of cognitive impairment, while those who attributed their dependence to physical (versus cognitive) factors were similar on all objective physical, cognitive, and functioning variables. Of note, 28 % of physical attributors showed no physical abnormalities on neuromedical examinations. Results suggest that patient report is consistently associated with objective measures of functional loss; in contrast, patient identification of physical versus cognitive causes is poorly associated with objective criteria. These findings caution against relying solely on patient self-report to determine whether functional disability in cognitively impaired HIV+ individuals can be attributed to strictly physical causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Obermeit
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Beltran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Donald R Franklin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Scott Letendre
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ronald Ellis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Florin Vaida
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ann C Collier
- Department of Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, 325 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA
| | | | - David Clifford
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Benjamin Gelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 3.118 Keiler Building, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555-0609, USA
| | - Ned Sacktor
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 600 North Wolfe Street, Sheikh Zayed Tower, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Susan Morgello
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 21287, USA
| | - David Simpson
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1428 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 21287, USA
| | - J Allen McCutchan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Igor Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Robert K Heaton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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Oladeji BD, Taiwo B, Mosuro O, Fayemiwo SA, Abiona T, Fought AJ, Robertson K, Ogunniyi A, Adewole IF. Suicidal Behavior and Associations with Quality of Life among HIV-Infected Patients in Ibadan, Nigeria. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2015; 16:376-382. [PMID: 26586788 DOI: 10.1177/2325957415617829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidality has rarely been studied in HIV-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa. This study explored suicidal behavior in a clinic sample of people living with HIV, in Nigeria. METHODS Consecutive patients were interviewed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-10.0) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHO-QOL-HIV-BREF). Associations of suicidal behavior were explored using logistic regression models. RESULTS In this sample of 828 patients (71% female, mean age 41.3 ± 10 years), prevalence of suicidal behaviors were 15.1%, 5.8%, and 3.9% for suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts, respectively. Women were more likely than men to report suicidal ideation (odds ratio 1.7; 95% confidence interval 1.05-2.64). Depression and/or anxiety disorder was associated with increased odds of all suicidal behaviors. Suicidal behavior was associated with significantly lower overall and domain scores on the WHO-QOL. CONCLUSION Suicidal behaviors were common and significantly associated with the presence of mental disorders and lower quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babafemi Taiwo
- 2 Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Olushola Mosuro
- 3 Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Samuel A Fayemiwo
- 4 Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Abiona
- 5 Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Angela J Fought
- 6 Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kevin Robertson
- 7 Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adesola Ogunniyi
- 8 Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Isaac F Adewole
- 9 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Serafini G, Montebovi F, Lamis DA, Erbuto D, Girardi P, Amore M, Pompili M. Associations among depression, suicidal behavior, and quality of life in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. World J Virol 2015; 4:303-312. [PMID: 26279991 PMCID: PMC4534821 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v4.i3.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the potential associations among major depression, quality of life, and suicidal behavior in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients.
METHODS: A detailed MEDLINE search was carried out to identify all articles and book chapters in English published from January 1995 to January 2015.
RESULTS: Based on the main findings, the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) ranged from 14.0% to 27.2%. Furthermore, the prevalence of suicidal ideation varied from 13.6% to 31.0% whereas, attempted suicides were reported to range from 3.9% to 32.7%. Interestingly, various associated risk factors for both depression and suicide were identified in HIV patients. Finally, consistent associations were reported among MDD, suicidal ideation, and poor quality of life in individuals living with HIV.
CONCLUSION: Although additional studies are needed to elucidate this complex association, our results suggest the importance of early detection of both MDD and suicidality in patients living with HIV.
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Gurm J, Samji H, Nophal A, Ding E, Strehlau V, Zhu J, Montaner JS, Hogg RS, Guillemi S. Suicide mortality among people accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS in British Columbia: a retrospective analysis. CMAJ Open 2015; 3:E140-8. [PMID: 26389091 PMCID: PMC4565174 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20140101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide rates have been reported at elevated levels among people living with HIV/AIDS. We sought to characterize longitudinal suicide rates among people living with HIV/AIDS who are accessing free highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in British Columbia and evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural factors associated with suicide in this population. METHODS Retrospective analysis of all patients in the HAART Observational Medical Evaluation and Research (HOMER) cohort who were 19 years of age and older who started treatment between August 1996 and June 2012. The primary outcome variable was death due to suicide. Data on deaths were obtained monthly through a linkage with the British Columbia Ministry of Health Vital Statistics Agency. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify factors independently associated with suicide mortality. RESULTS A total of 993 deaths among 5229 patients accessing treatment were recorded, of which 82 (8.2%) were caused by suicide. Death from suicide peaked at 961 deaths per 100 000 person-years in 1998 and declined to 2.81 deaths per 100 000 person-years in 2010. Cox regression analysis showed that a history of injection drug use (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 3.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.99-7.86) or having no experience with an AIDS-defining illness (AHR = 4.45, 95% CI 1.62-12.25) were factors independently associated with suicide. This model showed a 51% reduction (AHR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.45-0.54) in the suicide rate per calendar year. INTERPRETATION Deaths from suicide declined substantially over time, and factors other than progression of HIV disease, such as injection drug use, may be important targets for intervention to reduce suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Gurm
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - Hasina Samji
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - Adriana Nophal
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - Erin Ding
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - Verena Strehlau
- The University of British Columbia, Department of Psychiatry, Vancouver, BC
| | - Julia Zhu
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
| | - Julio S.G. Montaner
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC
| | - Robert S. Hogg
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
- Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Burnaby, BC
| | - Silvia Guillemi
- BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
- The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, BC
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Rezaei F. Family process and content: comparing families of suicide attempters, human immunodeficiency virus positive patients and general population in southern iran, 2012. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2015; 5:78-82. [PMID: 25745582 PMCID: PMC4350068 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.149794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Family is considered as the smallest social unit, which is the basis of forming a society and one of the effective factors for individual behaviors. When family pattern is useful, the family will be productive and otherwise it becomes nonproductive. Aim: This study aimed to investigate family process and content among families of suicide attempters, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients, and general population in Shiraz, Southern Iran. Subjects and Methods: This was a causal-comparative study. Our study population included three groups of single men, including suicide attempters, HIV positive patients and general population in Southern Iran. Our sample size was 180 male individuals including 60 suicide attempters referring to one of hospitals in Shiraz, 60 HIV positive patients referring to Behavioral Health Consultation Center, and 60 individuals from the general population who were selected using simple sampling method and were being investigated by Samani's family process and family content questionnaires. Data were being analyzed by ANCOVA and MANCOVA. Results: The two clinical groups had a poorer situation than the general population (P < 0.001) in some dimensions of family process including decision-making and coping (P < 0.001), mutual respect, and communication (P = 0.02) when compared with the general population. HIV positive patients had significantly lower scores than suicide attempters in some dimensions of family content including financial resources, social position (P < 0.001), and place of residence (P = 0.04). The two clinical groups had a poor situation in most of the dimensions when compared with the general population (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate the importance of education in the field of communication, decision-making and coping skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rezaei
- Department of Psychology, Mental Health Unit, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Abstract
The paucity of information on suicide and its related issues among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) can impair evidence guided intervention. This study was set to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and the associated risk factors among PLWHA. A total of 295 participants made up of HIV positive individuals were subjected to a sociodemographic/clinical profile questionnaire. This was followed by the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), suicidal intention item from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL)--Bref scale to assess emotional distress, suicidal ideation, and quality of life respectively. The prevalence of suicidal ideation among PLWHA was 13.6%; and being unmarried, poor medication adherence, and poorer quality of life were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with suicidal ideation; while unemployment (odds ratio [OR] = 0.200; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.084-0.476; P < 0.001), emotional distress (OR = 5.734; 95% CI = 2.119-15.519; P--0.001), religion (OR = 4.829; 95% CI = 1.639-14.231; P--0.004), HIV status non-disclosure (OR = 2.630; 95% CI = 1.015-6.809; P--0.046) and previous suicidal attempt (OR = 0.172, 95% CI = 0.042-0.705; P--0.014) were not only associated but predictive of suicidal ideation in PLWHA. These findings indicate a significant burden of suicidal ideation, and psychosocial with clinical factors constitute identifiable risk factors among PLWHA. The development of evidence guided preventive and treatment measures against suicide among PLWHA are implied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olasimbo A Ogundipe
- a Department of Psychiatry , Lagos University Teaching Hospital , Lagos , Nigeria
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Pompili M, Innamorati M, Lamis DA, Erbuto D, Venturini P, Ricci F, Serafini G, Amore M, Girardi P. The associations among childhood maltreatment, "male depression" and suicide risk in psychiatric patients. Psychiatry Res 2014; 220:571-8. [PMID: 25169890 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the current cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the presence and severity of "male" depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviors in psychiatric patients with and without a history of child abuse and neglect, as measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), as well as to explore the associations among childhood maltreatment, "male depression" and suicide risk. The sample consisted of 163 consecutively admitted adult inpatients (80 men; 83 women). The patients were administered the CTQ, Gotland Male Depression Scale (GMDS), and Suicidal History Self-Rating Screening Scale (SHSS). Those with a moderate-severe childhood maltreatment history were more likely to be female (p<0.05) and reported more "male depression" (p<0.001) and suicidal behaviors (p<0.01) as compared to those not having or having a minimal history of child abuse and neglect. In the multivariate analysis, only the minimization/denial scale of the CTQ (odds ratio=0.31; p<0.001) and "male depression" (odds ratio=1.83; p<0.05) were independently associated with moderate/severe history of child maltreatment. The findings suggest that exposure to abuse and neglect as a child may increase the risk of subsequent symptoms of "male depression", which has been associated with higher suicidal risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 1035-1039, Via di Grottarossa, 00189 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 1035-1039, Via di Grottarossa, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Denise Erbuto
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 1035-1039, Via di Grottarossa, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Venturini
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 1035-1039, Via di Grottarossa, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ricci
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 1035-1039, Via di Grottarossa, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 1035-1039, Via di Grottarossa, 00189 Rome, Italy
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Positive psychological determinants of treatment adherence among primary care patients. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2014; 16:398-406. [DOI: 10.1017/s1463423614000292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPatient adherence to medical treatment recommendations can affect disease prognosis, and may be beneficially or deleteriously influenced by psychological factors.AimWe examined the relationships between both adaptive and maladaptive psychological factors and treatment adherence among a sample of primary care patients.MethodsOne hundred and one rural, primary care patients completed the Life Orientation Test-Revised, Trait Hope Scale, Future Orientation Scale, NEO-FFI Personality Inventory (measuring positive and negative affect), and Medical Outcomes Study General Adherence Scale.FindingsIn independent models, positive affect, optimism, hope, and future orientation were beneficially associated with treatment adherence, whereas pessimism and negative affect were negatively related to adherence. In multivariate models, only negative affect, optimism and hope remained significant and, in a comparative model, trait hope was most robustly associated with treatment adherence.ImplicationsTherapeutically, addressing negative emotions and expectancies, while simultaneously bolstering motivational and goal-directed attributes, may improve adherence to treatment regimens.
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Xu G, Lu W, Ouyang H, Dang Y, Guo Y, Miao G, Bessonov D, Akiskal KK, Akiskal HS, Lin K. Association of affective temperaments measured by TEMPS-a with cognitive deficits in patients with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2014; 161:109-15. [PMID: 24751317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Affective temperaments such as cyclothymia, which may be the fundamental substrates for bipolar disorder and bipolar II in particular, have been reported to be associated with abnormalities in the regions that are related to cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder. However, few studies have examined the effects of affective temperaments on neuropsychological performance in individuals with bipolar disorder. METHOD In a six-week prospective study, we administered Chinese version of TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, San Diego-Autoquestionnair) to 93 patients with bipolar I depression, 135 patients with bipolar II depression, and 101 healthy controls. Cognitive function was assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tasks, including attention, processing speed, set shifting, planning, verbal working memory, verbal fluency, and visual spatial memory. Mixed-effects statistical models were used to assess the effects of affective temperaments on cognitive function. RESULTS Bipolar patients with hyperthymic temperament showed greater cognitive deficits in set shifting (p=0.05) and verbal working memory (p=0.026) than did bipolar patients with non-predominant temperaments (predominant temperament was defined as one standard deviation above the mean). The differences in estimated marginal means were -0.624 (95% CI, -1.25 to 0) and -0.429 (95% CI, -0.81 to -0.05), respectively. Significant temperament X bipolar subtype interaction effects were observed for set shifting (Wald X(2)=18.161, p<0.001), planning (Wald X(2)=7.906, p=0.048), and visual spatial memory (Wald X(2)=16.418, p=0.001). LIMITATION The anxious temperament was not evaluated. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that hyperthymic temperament may be associated with cognitive deficits in some specific domains in bipolar disorder; and that the effect of temperaments may be different across subtypes of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyun Xu
- Department of Affective Disorder, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicong Lu
- Department of Affective Disorder, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyi Ouyang
- Psychiatric Neuroscience Research Institute, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yamei Dang
- Department of Affective Disorder, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangbo Guo
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Miao
- Department of Affective Disorder, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daniel Bessonov
- International Mood Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kareen K Akiskal
- International Mood Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hagop S Akiskal
- International Mood Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kangguang Lin
- Department of Affective Disorder, Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; Laboratory of Cognitive Affective Neuroscience, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
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Servin AE, Muñoz FA, Zúñiga ML. Healthcare provider perspectives on barriers to HIV-care access and utilisation among Latinos living with HIV in the US-Mexico border. CULTURE, HEALTH & SEXUALITY 2014; 16:587-599. [PMID: 24592920 PMCID: PMC4451060 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2014.886131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Latinos living with HIV residing in the US-Mexico border region frequently seek care on both sides of the border. Given this fact, a border health perspective to understanding barriers to care is imperative to improve patient health outcomes. This qualitative study describes and compares experiences and perceptions of Mexican and US HIV care providers regarding barriers to HIV care access for Latino patients living in the US-Mexico border region. In 2010, we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with HIV care providers in Tijuana (n = 10) and San Diego (n = 9). We identified important similarities and differences between Mexican and US healthcare provider perspectives on HIV care access and barriers to service utilisation. Similarities included the fact that HIV-positive Latino patients struggle with access to ART medication, mental health illness, substance abuse and HIV-related stigma. Differences included Mexican provider perceptions of medication shortages and US providers feeling that insurance gaps influenced medication access. Differences and similarities have important implications for cross-border efforts to coordinate health services for patients who seek care in both countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argentina E. Servin
- Center on Gender Equity and Health, Division of Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Fátima A. Muñoz
- Division of Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
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Innamorati M, Lester D, Balsamo M, Erbuto D, Ricci F, Amore M, Girardi P, Pompili M. Factor Validity of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in Italian Medical Patients. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-013-9380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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