1
|
Rogujski P, Lukomska B, Janowski M, Stanaszek L. Glial-restricted progenitor cells: a cure for diseased brain? Biol Res 2024; 57:8. [PMID: 38475854 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00486-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is home to neuronal and glial cells. Traditionally, glia was disregarded as just the structural support across the brain and spinal cord, in striking contrast to neurons, always considered critical players in CNS functioning. In modern times this outdated dogma is continuously repelled by new evidence unravelling the importance of glia in neuronal maintenance and function. Therefore, glia replacement has been considered a potentially powerful therapeutic strategy. Glial progenitors are at the center of this hope, as they are the source of new glial cells. Indeed, sophisticated experimental therapies and exciting clinical trials shed light on the utility of exogenous glia in disease treatment. Therefore, this review article will elaborate on glial-restricted progenitor cells (GRPs), their origin and characteristics, available sources, and adaptation to current therapeutic approaches aimed at various CNS diseases, with particular attention paid to myelin-related disorders with a focus on recent progress and emerging concepts. The landscape of GRP clinical applications is also comprehensively presented, and future perspectives on promising, GRP-based therapeutic strategies for brain and spinal cord diseases are described in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rogujski
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luiza Stanaszek
- NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ohkura T, Burns AJ, Hotta R. Updates and Challenges in ENS Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Neurointestinal Diseases. Biomolecules 2024; 14:229. [PMID: 38397466 PMCID: PMC10887039 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurointestinal diseases represent a significant challenge in clinical management with current palliative approaches failing to overcome disease and treatment-related morbidity. The recent progress with cell therapy to restore missing or defective components of the gut neuromusculature offers new hope for potential cures. This review discusses the progress that has been made in the sourcing of putative stem cells and the studies into their biology and therapeutic potential. We also explore some of the practical challenges that must be overcome before cell-based therapies can be applied in the clinical setting. Although a number of obstacles remain, the rapid advances made in the enteric neural stem cell field suggest that such therapies are on the near horizon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ohkura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (T.O.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Alan J. Burns
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (T.O.); (A.J.B.)
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ryo Hotta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (T.O.); (A.J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bryson JB, Kourgiantaki A, Jiang D, Demosthenous A, Greensmith L. An optogenetic cell therapy to restore control of target muscles in an aggressive mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. eLife 2024; 12:RP88250. [PMID: 38236205 PMCID: PMC10945574 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Breakdown of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is an early pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that blocks neuromuscular transmission, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis and, ultimately, premature death. Currently, no therapies exist that can prevent progressive motor neuron degeneration, muscle denervation, or paralysis in ALS. Here, we report important advances in the development of an optogenetic, neural replacement strategy that can effectively restore innervation of severely affected skeletal muscles in the aggressive SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, thus providing an interface to selectively control the function of targeted muscles using optical stimulation. We also identify a specific approach to confer complete survival of allogeneic replacement motor neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an optical stimulation training paradigm can prevent atrophy of reinnervated muscle fibers and results in a tenfold increase in optically evoked contractile force. Together, these advances pave the way for an assistive therapy that could benefit all ALS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Barney Bryson
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Kourgiantaki
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dai Jiang
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Demosthenous
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Greensmith
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maragakis NJ, de Carvalho M, Weiss MD. Therapeutic targeting of ALS pathways: Refocusing an incomplete picture. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2023; 10:1948-1971. [PMID: 37641443 PMCID: PMC10647018 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous potential amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-relevant pathways have been hypothesized and studied preclinically, with subsequent translation to clinical trial. However, few successes have been observed with only modest effects. Along with an improved but incomplete understanding of ALS as a neurodegenerative disease is the evolution of more sophisticated and diverse in vitro and in vivo preclinical modeling platforms, as well as clinical trial designs. We highlight proposed pathological pathways that have been major therapeutic targets for investigational compounds. It is likely that the failures of so many of these therapeutic compounds may not have occurred because of lack of efficacy but rather because of a lack of preclinical modeling that would help define an appropriate disease pathway, as well as a failure to establish target engagement. These challenges are compounded by shortcomings in clinical trial design, including lack of biomarkers that could predict clinical success and studies that are underpowered. Although research investments have provided abundant insights into new ALS-relevant pathways, most have not yet been developed more fully to result in clinical study. In this review, we detail some of the important, well-established pathways, the therapeutics targeting them, and the subsequent clinical design. With an understanding of some of the shortcomings in translational efforts over the last three decades of ALS investigation, we propose that scientists and clinicians may choose to revisit some of these therapeutic pathways reviewed here with an eye toward improving preclinical modeling, biomarker development, and the investment in more sophisticated clinical trial designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mamede de Carvalho
- Faculdade de MedicinaInsqatituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Michael D. Weiss
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ashraf SS, Hosseinpour Sarmadi V, Larijani G, Naderi Garahgheshlagh S, Ramezani S, Moghadamifar S, Mohebi SL, Brouki Milan P, Haramshahi SMA, Ahmadirad N, Amini N. Regenerative medicine improve neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Tissue Bank 2023; 24:639-650. [PMID: 36527565 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a subdivision of medicine that improves methods to regrow, repair or replace unhealthy cells and tissues to return to normal function. Cell therapy, gene therapy, nanomedicine as choices used to cure neurodegenerative disease. Recently, studies related to the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders have been focused on stem cell therapy and Nano-drugs beyond other than regenerative medicine. Hence, by data from experimental models and clinical trials, we review the impact of stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and nanomedicine on the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Indeed, improved knowledge and continued research on gene therapy and nanomedicine in treating Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis lead to advancements in effective and practical treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sara Ashraf
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Hosseinpour Sarmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Larijani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Naderi Garahgheshlagh
- Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ramezani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Guilan, Iran
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Soraya Moghadamifar
- Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Lena Mohebi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amin Haramshahi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Naser Amini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fan Y, Goh ELK, Chan JKY. Neural Cells for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Clinical Trials. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:510-526. [PMID: 37487111 PMCID: PMC10427968 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are an entire spectrum of clinical conditions that affect the central and peripheral nervous system. There is no cure currently, with treatment focusing mainly on slowing down progression or symptomatic relief. Cellular therapies with various cell types from different sources are being conducted as clinical trials for several ND diseases. They include neural, mesenchymal and hemopoietic stem cells, and neural cells derived from embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. In this review, we present the list of cellular therapies for ND comprising 33 trials that used neural stem progenitors, 8 that used differentiated neural cells ,and 109 trials that involved non-neural cells in the 7 ND. Encouraging results have been shown in a few early-phase clinical trials that require further investigations in a randomized setting. However, such definitive trials may not be possible given the relative cost of the trials, and in the setting of rare diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Fan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Academic Clinical Program in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eyleen L K Goh
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Faculty, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Kok Yen Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Academic Clinical Program in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sironi F, De Marchi F, Mazzini L, Bendotti C. Cell therapy in ALS: An update on preclinical and clinical studies. Brain Res Bull 2023; 194:64-81. [PMID: 36690163 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons and neuromuscular impairment leading to complete paralysis, respiratory failure and premature death. The pathogenesis of the disease is multifactorial and noncell-autonomous involving the central and peripheral compartments of the neuromuscular axis and the skeletal muscle. Advanced clinical trials on specific ALS-related pathways have failed to significantly slow the disease. Therapy with stem cells from different sources has provided a promising strategy to protect the motor units exerting their effect through multiple mechanisms including neurotrophic support and excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation modulation, as evidenced from preclinical studies. Several phase I and II clinical trial of ALS patients have been developed showing positive effects in terms of safety and tolerability. However, the modest results on functional improvement in ALS patients suggest that only a coordinated effort between basic and clinical researchers could solve many problems, such as selecting the ideal stem cell source, identifying their mechanism of action and expected clinical outcomes. A promising approach may be stem cells selected or engineered to deliver optimal growth factor support at multiple sites along the neuromuscular pathway. This review covers recent advances in stem cell therapies in animal models of ALS, as well as detailing the human clinical trials that have been done and are currently undergoing development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sironi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan 20156, Italy
| | - Fabiola De Marchi
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, Novara 28100, Italy.
| | - Caterina Bendotti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan 20156, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu Y, Peng X, Ang S, Gao Y, Chi Y, Wang J, Tang C, Zhou X, Feng Y, Zhang K, Zou Q, Chen M. Bcl- xL Promotes the Survival of Motor Neurons Derived from Neural Stem Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010132. [PMID: 36671824 PMCID: PMC9856060 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation creates new hope for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders by direct differentiation into neurons. However, this technique is limited by poor survival and functional neuron deficiency. In this research study, we generated pro-survival murine NSCs (mNSCs) via the ectopic expression of Bcl-xL. A doxycycline (Dox)-inducible Ngn2-Isl1-Lhx3 system was also integrated into the mNSC genome. The four gene-modified mNSCs can rapidly and effectively differentiate into motor neurons after Dox treatments. Ectopic Bcl-xL could resist replating-induced stress, glutamate toxicity, neuronal apoptosis and remarkably promote the survival of motor neurons. Taken together, we established genetically modified mNSCs with improved survival, which may be useful for motor neuron degenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunqin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xiaohua Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Song Ang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yue Chi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Jinling Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Chengcheng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yanxian Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Qingjian Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Min Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Azeez IA, Awogbindin IO, Olayinka JN, Folarin RO, Adamu AS, Ior LD, Shehu AM, Mukhtar AI, Ajeigbe OF, Emokpae AO, Usende IL, Babatunde BR, Yusha'u Y, Olateju OI, Kamoga R, Benson AIO, Oparaji KC, Owemidu IO, Iliyasu MO, Imam MI, Olopade JO. Neural stem cell research in Africa: current realities and future prospects. Biol Open 2022; 11:280534. [PMID: 36326097 PMCID: PMC9641530 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are immature progenitor cells that are found in developing and adult brains that have the potential of dividing actively and renewing themselves, with a complex form of gene expression. The generation of new brain cells in adult individuals was initially considered impossible, however, the landmark discovery of human neural stem cells in the hippocampus has been followed by further discoveries in other discreet regions of the brain. Investigation into the current state in Africa of the research and use of NSCs shows relatively limited activities on the continent. Information on the African application of NSCs for modelling disease mechanisms, drug discovery, and therapeutics is still limited. The International Brain Research Organization (IBRO)-African Regional Committee (ARC), with support from the Company of Biologists, and the Movement Disorder Society, sponsored the first African Basic School on NSC in Ibadan, Nigeria, with the vision of bringing together young neuroscientists and physicians across different fields in neuroscience to learn from leaders who have applied NSCs in stem cell research, the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, neuroanatomy, and neurotherapeutics. Twenty early-career researchers in academic institutions at junior and senior faculty cadres were selected from South Africa, Uganda and Nigeria. The students and organizer of the school, who wrote this review on the state of NSCs research in Africa, recommended the following: (1) other African countries can take a cue from South Africa and Nigeria in probing the phenomena of adult neurogenesis in unique animal species on the continent; (2) Africa should leverage the expertise and facilities of South African scientists and international collaborators in scaling up NSC research into these unique species and (3) Centers of Excellence should be established on the continent to serve as research hubs for training postgraduate students, and facilities for African scientists who trained overseas on NSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idris A. Azeez
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Jos 1 , Jos, 930001 Nigeria
| | | | - Juliet N. Olayinka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Afe Babalola University 3 , Ado-Ekiti, 360001 Nigeria
| | - Royhaan O. Folarin
- Department of Anatomy, Olabisi Onabanjo University 4 , Ago-Iwoye, 120107 Nigeria
| | - Abubakar S. Adamu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University 5 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - Lydia D. Ior
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Jos 6 , Jos, 930001 , Nigeria
| | - Asmau M. Shehu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University Dutse 7 , Dutse, 720223 , Nigeria
- School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand 8 , Johannesburg, Wits 2050 , South Africa
| | - Abubakar I. Mukhtar
- Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University 5 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - Olufunke F. Ajeigbe
- Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, 340112 9 Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme , , Nigeria
| | | | - Ifukibot L. Usende
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Abuja 11 , Abuja, 900105 , Nigeria
| | | | - Yusuf Yusha'u
- Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University 12 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - Oladiran I. Olateju
- School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand 8 , Johannesburg, Wits 2050 , South Africa
| | - Ronald Kamoga
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology 13 , Mbarara P.O. Box 1410 , Uganda
| | - Ayoola I. O. Benson
- Department of Human Anatomy, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin 14 , Abakaliki, 482131 Nigeria
| | - Kenneth C. Oparaji
- Department of Physiology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike 15 , Abakaliki, 482131 , Nigeria
| | - Idowu O. Owemidu
- Department of Physiology, Kogi State University 16 , Anyigba, 272102 , Nigeria
| | - Musa O. Iliyasu
- Department of Anatomy, Kogi State University 17 , Anyigba, 272102 , Nigeria
| | - Maryam I. Imam
- Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University 12 , Zaria, 810107 , Nigeria
| | - James O. Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan 18 , Ibadan, 200005 , Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Monsour M, Garbuzova-Davis S, Borlongan CV. Patching Up the Permeability: The Role of Stem Cells in Lessening Neurovascular Damage in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1196-1209. [PMID: 36181767 PMCID: PMC9801306 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating disease with poor prognosis. The pathophysiology of ALS is commonly debated, with theories involving inflammation, glutamate excitotoxity, oxidative stress, mitochondria malfunction, neurofilament accumulation, inadequate nutrients or growth factors, and changes in glial support predominating. These underlying pathological mechanisms, however, act together to weaken the blood brain barrier and blood spinal cord barrier, collectively considered as the blood central nervous system barrier (BCNSB). Altering the impermeability of the BCNSB impairs the neurovascular unit, or interdependent relationship between the brain and advances the concept that ALS is has a significant neurovascular component contributing to its degenerative presentation. This unique categorization of ALS opens a variety of treatment options targeting the reestablishment of BCNSB integrity. This review will critically assess the evidence implicating the significant neurovascular components of ALS pathophysiology, while also offering an in-depth discussion regarding the use of stem cells to repair these pathological changes within the neurovascular unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molly Monsour
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Corresponding author: Cesar V. Borlongan, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin TJ, Cheng KC, Wu LY, Lai WY, Ling TY, Kuo YC, Huang YH. Potential of Cellular Therapy for ALS: Current Strategies and Future Prospects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:851613. [PMID: 35372346 PMCID: PMC8966507 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.851613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive upper and lower motor neuron (MN) degeneration with unclear pathology. The worldwide prevalence of ALS is approximately 4.42 per 100,000 populations, and death occurs within 3-5 years after diagnosis. However, no effective therapeutic modality for ALS is currently available. In recent years, cellular therapy has shown considerable therapeutic potential because it exerts immunomodulatory effects and protects the MN circuit. However, the safety and efficacy of cellular therapy in ALS are still under debate. In this review, we summarize the current progress in cellular therapy for ALS. The underlying mechanism, current clinical trials, and the pros and cons of cellular therapy using different types of cell are discussed. In addition, clinical studies of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ALS are highlighted. The summarized findings of this review can facilitate the future clinical application of precision medicine using cellular therapy in ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Jung Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chao Cheng
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Luo-Yun Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rahman MM, Islam MR, Islam MT, Harun-Or-Rashid M, Islam M, Abdullah S, Uddin MB, Das S, Rahaman MS, Ahmed M, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Mohamed AAR, Faruque MRI, Khandaker MU, Mostafa-Hedeab G. Stem Cell Transplantation Therapy and Neurological Disorders: Current Status and Future Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:147. [PMID: 35053145 PMCID: PMC8772847 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a global health issue with inadequate therapeutic options and an inability to restore the damaged nervous system. With advances in technology, health scientists continue to identify new approaches to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Lost or injured neurons and glial cells can lead to the development of several neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. In recent years, neurons and glial cells have successfully been generated from stem cells in the laboratory utilizing cell culture technologies, fueling efforts to develop stem cell-based transplantation therapies for human patients. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or differentiate into a germ cell with specialized characteristics, such as muscle cells, red blood cells, or brain cells. Although several obstacles remain before stem cells can be used for clinical applications, including some potential disadvantages that must be overcome, this cellular development represents a potential pathway through which patients may eventually achieve the ability to live more normal lives. In this review, we summarize the stem cell-based therapies that have been explored for various neurological disorders, discuss the potential advantages and drawbacks of these therapies, and examine future directions for this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Harun-Or-Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahfuzul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Sabirin Abdullah
- Space Science Center, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Mohammad Borhan Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Sumit Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (M.T.I.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (M.I.); (M.B.U.); (S.D.); (M.S.R.); (M.A.)
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology Department & Health Sciences Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Sakaka 72446, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luciani M, Garsia C, Mangiameli E, Meneghini V, Gritti A. Intracerebroventricular transplantation of human iPSC-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs) into neonatal mice. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 171:127-147. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
14
|
Hastings N, Kuan WL, Osborne A, Kotter MRN. Therapeutic Potential of Astrocyte Transplantation. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221105499. [PMID: 35770772 PMCID: PMC9251977 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221105499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell transplantation is an attractive treatment strategy for a variety of brain disorders, as it promises to replenish lost functions and rejuvenate the brain. In particular, transplantation of astrocytes has come into light recently as a therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); moreover, grafting of astrocytes also showed positive results in models of other conditions ranging from neurodegenerative diseases of older age to traumatic injury and stroke. Despite clear differences in etiology, disorders such as ALS, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases, as well as traumatic injury and stroke, converge on a number of underlying astrocytic abnormalities, which include inflammatory changes, mitochondrial damage, calcium signaling disturbance, hemichannel opening, and loss of glutamate transporters. In this review, we examine these convergent pathways leading to astrocyte dysfunction, and explore the existing evidence for a therapeutic potential of transplantation of healthy astrocytes in various models. Existing literature presents a wide variety of methods to generate astrocytes, or relevant precursor cells, for subsequent transplantation, while described outcomes of this type of treatment also differ between studies. We take technical differences between methodologies into account to understand the variability of therapeutic benefits, or lack thereof, at a deeper level. We conclude by discussing some key requirements of an astrocyte graft that would be most suitable for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Hastings
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei-Li Kuan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Osborne
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark R N Kotter
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Goyal S, Seth B, Chaturvedi RK. Polyphenols and Stem Cells for Neuroregeneration in Parkinson's Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:806-828. [PMID: 34781865 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666211115154450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are neurological disorders, pathologically characterized by chronic degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons respectively. There is still no cure or effective treatment against the disease progression and most of the treatments are symptomatic. The present review offers an overview of the different factors involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Subsequently, we focused on the recent advanced studies of dietary polyphenols and stem cell therapies, which have made it possible to slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. To date, stem cells and different polyphenols have been used for the directional induction of neural stem cells into dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons. We have also discussed their involvement in the modulation of different signal transduction pathways and growth factor levels in various in vivo and in vitro studies. Likewise stem cells, polyphenols also exhibit the potential of neuroprotection by their anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant properties regulating the growth factors levels and molecular signaling events. Overall this review provides a detailed insight into recent strategies that promise the use of polyphenol with stem cell therapy for the possible treatment of PD and ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Goyal
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
| | - Brashket Seth
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
| | - Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Therapeutic strategies for C9orf72 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Curr Opin Neurol 2021; 34:748-755. [PMID: 34392299 PMCID: PMC8678157 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW An intronic G4C2 expansion mutation in C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (C9-ALS/FTD). Although there are currently no treatments for this insidious, fatal disease, intense research has led to promising therapeutic strategies, which will be discussed here. RECENT FINDINGS Therapeutic strategies for C9-ALS/FTD have primarily focused on reducing the toxic effects of mutant expansion RNAs or the dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs). The pathogenic effects of G4C2 expansion transcripts have been targeted using approaches aimed at promoting their degradation, inhibiting nuclear export or silencing transcription. Other promising strategies include immunotherapy to reduce the DPRs themselves, reducing RAN translation, removing the repeats using DNA or RNA editing and manipulation of downstream disease-altered stress granule pathways. Finally, understanding the molecular triggers that lead to pheno-conversion may lead to opportunities that can delay symptomatic disease onset. SUMMARY A large body of evidence implicates RAN-translated DPRs as a main driver of C9-ALS/FTD. Promising therapeutic strategies for these devastating diseases are being rapidly developed with several approaches already in or approaching clinical trials.
Collapse
|
17
|
Aishwarya L, Arun D, Kannan S. Stem cells as a potential therapeutic option for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:590-605. [PMID: 35135464 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x16666210810105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In future, neurodegenerative diseases will take over cancer's place and become the major cause of death in the world, especially in developed countries. Advancements in the medical field and its facilities have led to an increase in the old age population, and thus contributing to the increase in number of people suffering from neurodegenerative diseases. Economically it is of a great burden to society and the affected family. No current treatment aims to replace, protect, and regenerate lost neurons; instead, it alleviates the symptoms, extends the life span by a few months and creates severe side effects. Moreover, people who are affected are physically dependent for performing their basic activities, which makes their life miserable. There is an urgent need for therapy that could be able to overcome the deficits of conventional therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells, the unspecialized cells with the properties of self-renewing and potency to differentiate into various cells types can become a potent therapeutic option for neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells have been widely used in clinical trials to evaluate their potential in curing different types of ailments. In this review, we discuss the various types of stem cells and their potential use in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease based on published preclinical and clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya L
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai-600 116. India
| | - Dharmarajan Arun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai-600 116. India
| | - Suresh Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai-600 116. India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Transplantation of Neural Precursors Derived from Induced Pluripotent Cells Preserve Perineuronal Nets and Stimulate Neural Plasticity in ALS Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249593. [PMID: 33339362 PMCID: PMC7766921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A promising therapeutic strategy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) treatment is stem cell therapy. Neural progenitors derived from induced pluripotent cells (NP-iPS) might rescue or replace dying motoneurons (MNs). However, the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effect are not fully understood. The aim here was to investigate the mechanism by studying the effect of intraspinally injected NP-iPS into asymptomatic and early symptomatic superoxide dismutase (SOD)1G93A transgenic rats. Prior to transplantation, NP-iPS were characterized in vitro for their ability to differentiate into a neuronal phenotype. Motor functions were tested in all animals, and the tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry, qPCR, and Western blot. NP-iPS transplantation significantly preserved MNs, slowed disease progression, and extended the survival of all treated animals. The dysregulation of spinal chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans was observed in SOD1G93A rats at the terminal stage. NP-iPS application led to normalized host genes expression (versican, has-1, tenascin-R, ngf, igf-1, bdnf, bax, bcl-2, and casp-3) and the protection of perineuronal nets around the preserved MNs. In the host spinal cord, transplanted cells remained as progenitors, many in contact with MNs, but they did not differentiate. The findings suggest that NP-iPS demonstrate neuroprotective properties by regulating local gene expression and regulate plasticity by modulating the central nervous system (CNS) extracellular matrix such as perineuronal nets (PNNs).
Collapse
|
19
|
Luciani M, Gritti A, Meneghini V. Human iPSC-Based Models for the Development of Therapeutics Targeting Neurodegenerative Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:224. [PMID: 33062642 PMCID: PMC7530250 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a group of rare genetic conditions. The absence or deficiency of lysosomal proteins leads to excessive storage of undigested materials and drives secondary pathological mechanisms including autophagy, calcium homeostasis, ER stress, and mitochondrial abnormalities. A large number of LSDs display mild to severe central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Animal disease models and post-mortem tissues partially recapitulate the disease or represent the final stage of CNS pathology, respectively. In the last decades, human models based on induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been extensively applied to investigate LSD pathology in several tissues and organs, including the CNS. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) derived from patient-specific hiPSCs (hiPS-NSCs) are a promising tool to define the effects of the pathological storage on neurodevelopment, survival and function of neurons and glial cells in neurodegenerative LSDs. Additionally, the development of novel 2D co-culture systems and 3D hiPSC-based models is fostering the investigation of neuron-glia functional and dysfunctional interactions, also contributing to define the role of neurodevelopment and neuroinflammation in the onset and progression of the disease, with important implications in terms of timing and efficacy of treatments. Here, we discuss the advantages and limits of the application of hiPS-NSC-based models in the study and treatment of CNS pathology in different LSDs. Additionally, we review the state-of-the-art and the prospective applications of NSC-based therapy, highlighting the potential exploitation of hiPS-NSCs for gene and cell therapy approaches in the treatment of neurodegenerative LSDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Luciani
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Gritti
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vasco Meneghini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Studying ALS: Current Approaches, Effect on Potential Treatment Strategy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1241:195-217. [PMID: 32383122 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41283-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by inevitable progressive paralysis. To date, only two disease modifying therapeutic options are available for the patients with ALS, although they show very modest effect on disease course. The main reason of failure in the field of pharmacological correction of ALS is inability to untangle complex relationships taking place during ALS initiation and progression. Traditional methods of research, based on morphology or transgenic animal models studying provided lots of information about ALS throughout the years. However, translation of these results to humans was unsuccessful due to incomplete recapitulation of molecular pathology and overall inadequacy of the models used in the research.In this review we summarize current knowledge regarding ALS molecular pathology with depiction of novel methods applied recently for the studies. Furthermore we describe present and potential treatment strategies that are based on the recent findings in ALS disease mechanisms.
Collapse
|
21
|
Disease-modifying therapies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuropharmacology 2020; 167:107986. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
22
|
Wang B, Huang C, Chen L, Xu D, Zheng G, Zhou Y, Wang X, Zhang X. The Emerging Roles of the Gaseous Signaling Molecules NO, H2S, and CO in the Regulation of Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:798-812. [PMID: 33464852 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Chongan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, China
| | - Daoliang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Chinese Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Society, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ryu J, Vincent PFY, Ziogas NK, Xu L, Sadeghpour S, Curtin J, Alexandris AS, Stewart N, Sima R, du Lac S, Glowatzki E, Koliatsos VE. Optogenetically transduced human ES cell-derived neural progenitors and their neuronal progenies: Phenotypic characterization and responses to optical stimulation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224846. [PMID: 31710637 PMCID: PMC6844486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Optogenetically engineered human neural progenitors (hNPs) are viewed as promising tools in regenerative neuroscience because they allow the testing of the ability of hNPs to integrate within nervous system of an appropriate host not only structurally, but also functionally based on the responses of their differentiated progenies to light. Here, we transduced H9 embryonic stem cell-derived hNPs with a lentivirus harboring human channelrhodopsin (hChR2) and differentiated them into a forebrain lineage. We extensively characterized the fate and optogenetic functionality of hChR2-hNPs in vitro with electrophysiology and immunocytochemistry. We also explored whether the in vivo phenotype of ChR2-hNPs conforms to in vitro observations by grafting them into the frontal neocortex of rodents and analyzing their survival and neuronal differentiation. Human ChR2-hNPs acquired neuronal phenotypes (TUJ1, MAP2, SMI-312, and synapsin 1 immunoreactivity) in vitro after an average of 70 days of coculturing with CD1 astrocytes and progressively displayed both inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter signatures by immunocytochemistry and whole-cell patch clamp recording. Three months after transplantation into motor cortex of naïve or injured mice, 60–70% of hChR2-hNPs at the transplantation site expressed TUJ1 and had neuronal cytologies, whereas 60% of cells also expressed ChR2. Transplant-derived neurons extended axons through major commissural and descending tracts and issued synaptophysin+ terminals in the claustrum, endopiriform area, and corresponding insular and piriform cortices. There was no apparent difference in engraftment, differentiation, or connectivity patterns between injured and sham subjects. Same trends were observed in a second rodent host, i.e. rat, where we employed longer survival times and found that the majority of grafted hChR2-hNPs differentiated into GABAergic neurons that established dense terminal fields and innervated mostly dendritic profiles in host cortical neurons. In physiological experiments, human ChR2+ neurons in culture generated spontaneous action potentials (APs) 100–170 days into differentiation and their firing activity was consistently driven by optical stimulation. Stimulation generated glutamatergic and GABAergic postsynaptic activity in neighboring ChR2- cells, evidence that hChR2-hNP-derived neurons had established functional synaptic connections with other neurons in culture. Light stimulation of hChR2-hNP transplants in vivo generated complicated results, in part because of the variable response of the transplants themselves. Our findings show that we can successfully derive hNPs with optogenetic properties that are fully transferrable to their differentiated neuronal progenies. We also show that these progenies have substantial neurotransmitter plasticity in vitro, whereas in vivo they mostly differentiate into inhibitory GABAergic neurons. Furthermore, neurons derived from hNPs have the capacity of establishing functional synapses with postsynaptic neurons in vitro, but this outcome is technically challenging to explore in vivo. We propose that optogenetically endowed hNPs hold great promise as tools to explore de novo circuit formation in the brain and, in the future, perhaps launch a new generation of neuromodulatory therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Ryu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Philippe F. Y. Vincent
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nikolaos K. Ziogas
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Leyan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shirin Sadeghpour
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - John Curtin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Athanasios S. Alexandris
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Stewart
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard Sima
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sascha du Lac
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elisabeth Glowatzki
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Vassilis E. Koliatsos
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gouel F, Rolland AS, Devedjian JC, Burnouf T, Devos D. Past and Future of Neurotrophic Growth Factors Therapies in ALS: From Single Neurotrophic Growth Factor to Stem Cells and Human Platelet Lysates. Front Neurol 2019; 10:835. [PMID: 31428042 PMCID: PMC6688198 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that typically results in death within 3–5 years after diagnosis. To date, there is no curative treatment and therefore an urgent unmet need of neuroprotective and/or neurorestorative treatments. Due to their spectrum of capacities in the central nervous system—e.g., development, plasticity, maintenance, neurogenesis—neurotrophic growth factors (NTF) have been exploited for therapeutic strategies in ALS for decades. In this review we present the initial strategy of using single NTF by different routes of administration to the use of stem cells transplantation to express a multiple NTFs-rich secretome to finally focus on a new biotherapy based on the human platelet lysates, the natural healing system containing a mix of pleitropic NTF and having immunomodulatory function. This review highlights that this latter treatment may be crucial to power the neuroprotection and/or neurorestoration therapy requested in this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flore Gouel
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1171, University Hospital Center, LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Rolland
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1171, University Hospital Center, LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Devedjian
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1171, University Hospital Center, LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International PhD Program in Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Devos
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1171, University Hospital Center, LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France.,Department of Neurology, Lille University, INSERM UMRS_1171, University Hospital Center, LICEND COEN Center, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang G, Li Y, Reuss JL, Liu N, Wu C, Li J, Xu S, Wang F, Hazel TG, Cunningham M, Zhang H, Dai Y, Hong P, Zhang P, He J, Feng H, Lu X, Ulmer JL, Johe KK, Xu R. Stable Intracerebral Transplantation of Neural Stem Cells for the Treatment of Paralysis Due to Ischemic Stroke. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:999-1007. [PMID: 31241246 PMCID: PMC6766600 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NSI‐566 is a stable, primary adherent neural stem cell line derived from a single human fetal spinal cord and expanded epigenetically with no genetic modification. This cell line is being tested in clinical trials in the U.S. for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal cord injury. In a single‐site, phase I study, we evaluated the feasibility and safety of NSI‐566 transplantation for the treatment of hemiparesis due to chronic motor stroke and determined the maximum tolerated dose for future trials. Three cohorts (n = 3 per cohort) were transplanted with one‐time intracerebral injections of 1.2 × 107, 2.4 × 107, or 7.2 × 107 cells. Immunosuppression therapy with tacrolimus was maintained for 28 days. All subjects had sustained chronic motor strokes, verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), initiated between 5 and 24 months prior to surgery with modified Rankin Scores [MRSs] of 2, 3, or 4 and Fugl‐Meyer Motor Scores of 55 or less. At the 12‐month visit, the mean Fugl‐Meyer Motor Score (FMMS, total score of 100) for the nine participants showed 16 points of improvement (p = .0078), the mean MRS showed 0.8 points of improvement (p = .031), and the mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale showed 3.1 points of improvement (p = .020). For six participants who were followed up for 24 months, these mean changes remained stable. The treatment was well tolerated at all doses. Longitudinal MRI studies showed evidence indicating cavity‐filling by new neural tissue formation in all nine patients. Although this was a small, one‐arm study of feasibility, the results are encouraging to warrant further studies. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:999–1007
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhu Zhang
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Neurology Department, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - James L Reuss
- Prism Clinical Imaging, Inc., Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nan Liu
- Neurology Department, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiying Wu
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingpo Li
- Suzhou Neuralstem Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Xu
- Suzhou Neuralstem Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- Suzhou Neuralstem Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Miles Cunningham
- Laboratory for Neural Reconstruction, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hongtian Zhang
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwu Dai
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Hong
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghong He
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiru Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - John L Ulmer
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Ruxiang Xu
- Affiliated BaYi Brain Hospital, Army General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gonzalez M, Guo X, Lin M, Stancescu M, Molnar P, Spradling S, Hickman JJ. Polarity Induced in Human Stem Cell Derived Motoneurons on Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2756-2764. [PMID: 31063682 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The control of polarized human neurite/axon development at the single neuron level is critical in geographically directing signal propagation in engineered neural networks, for both in vitro and in vivo applications. While there is an increasing need to exert control over axonal growth for the successful development and establishment of integrative and functional in vitro systems, controlled, polarized distribution of either human-derived neurons or motoneurons in vitro has yet to be reported. In this study, we established the polarized distribution of stem cell derived human motoneurons, using a patterned surface, and maintained the cells in a serum-free system. A surface pattern with defined polarity was developed using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). A cell permissive SAM, DETA (trimethoxysilyl propyldiethylenetri-amine), combined with photolithography and a nonpermissive fluorinated silane, 13F (tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydroctyl-1-dimethylchloro-silane), generated a surface where neurons only adhered to the designed attachment sites and did so with preferred orientation. In addition, 75% of the cells attached to the patterns were motoneurons compared to their percentage in the standard unpatterned surface which was used as a control condition (20%), demonstrating the preference of these human motoneurons in adhering to the patterns. The ability to dictate the distribution and polarity of human motoneurons will be essential to the engineering of human-based functional in vitro systems in which the control of signal propagation is necessary but more importantly for cell implantation studies. Such systems will greatly benefit the study of motor function as well as aid the development of high-throughput systems for drug screening and test beds for use in preclinical studies related to conditions such as spinal cord injury, ALS, and muscular dystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Gonzalez
- Hybrid Systems Lab, NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Xiufang Guo
- Hybrid Systems Lab, NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Min Lin
- Hybrid Systems Lab, NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Maria Stancescu
- Hybrid Systems Lab, NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Physical Sciences Building (PS) Room 255, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
| | - Peter Molnar
- Hybrid Systems Lab, NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Severo Spradling
- Biomolecular Science Center, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - James J. Hickman
- Hybrid Systems Lab, NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, 12424 Research Parkway, Suite 400, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Physical Sciences Building (PS) Room 255, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, Florida 32816-2366, United States
- Biomolecular Science Center, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Goutman SA, Savelieff MG, Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Stem cell treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a critical overview of early phase trials. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:525-543. [PMID: 31189354 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1627324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease of cortical, brainstem, and spinal motor neurons; it causes progressive muscle weakness and atrophy, respiratory failure, and death. No currently available treatment either stops or reverses this disease. Therapeutics to slow, stop, and reverse ALS are needed. Stem cells may be a viable solution to sustain and nurture diseased motor neurons. Several early-stage clinical trials have been launched to assess the potential of stem cells for ALS treatment. Areas covered: Expert opinion: AREAS COVERED This review covers the key advances from early phase clinical trials of stem cell therapy for ALS and identifies promising avenues and key challenges. EXPERT OPINION Clinical trials in humans are still in the nascent stages of development. It will be critical to ensure that powered, well-controlled trials are conducted, that optimal treatment windows are identified, and that the ideal cell type, cell dose, and delivery site and method are determined. Several trials have used more invasive procedures, and ethical concerns of sham procedures on patients in the control arm and on their safety should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Goutman
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Masha G Savelieff
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Stacey A Sakowski
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- a Department of Neurology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.,b Program for Neurology Research & Discovery , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zalfa C, Rota Nodari L, Vacchi E, Gelati M, Profico D, Boido M, Binda E, De Filippis L, Copetti M, Garlatti V, Daniele P, Rosati J, De Luca A, Pinos F, Cajola L, Visioli A, Mazzini L, Vercelli A, Svelto M, Vescovi AL, Ferrari D. Transplantation of clinical-grade human neural stem cells reduces neuroinflammation, prolongs survival and delays disease progression in the SOD1 rats. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:345. [PMID: 31024007 PMCID: PMC6484011 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are emerging as a therapeutic option for incurable diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). However, critical issues are related to their origin as well as to the need to deepen our knowledge of the therapeutic actions exerted by these cells. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of clinical-grade human neural stem cells (hNSCs) that have been successfully used in a recently concluded phase I clinical trial for ALS patients (NCT01640067). The hNSCs were transplanted bilaterally into the anterior horns of the lumbar spinal cord (four grafts each, segments L3–L4) of superoxide dismutase 1 G93A transgenic rats (SOD1 rats) at the symptomatic stage. Controls included untreated SOD1 rats (CTRL) and those treated with HBSS (HBSS). Motor symptoms and histological hallmarks of the disease were evaluated at three progressive time points: 15 and 40 days after transplant (DAT), and end stage. Animals were treated by transient immunosuppression (for 15 days, starting at time of transplantation). Under these conditions, hNSCs integrated extensively within the cord, differentiated into neural phenotypes and migrated rostro-caudally, up to 3.77 ± 0.63 cm from the injection site. The transplanted cells delayed decreases in body weight and deterioration of motor performance in the SOD1 rats. At 40DAT, the anterior horns at L3–L4 revealed a higher density of motoneurons and fewer activated astroglial and microglial cells. Accordingly, the overall survival of transplanted rats was significantly enhanced with no rejection of hNSCs observed. We demonstrated that the beneficial effects observed after stem cell transplantation arises from multiple events that counteract several aspects of the disease, a crucial feature for multifactorial diseases, such as ALS. The combination of therapeutic approaches that target different pathogenic mechanisms of the disorder, including pharmacology, molecular therapy and cell transplantation, will increase the chances of a clinically successful therapy for ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zalfa
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Rota Nodari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Vacchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Production Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Daniela Profico
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Production Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marina Boido
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Binda
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cancer Stem Cells Unit, Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Lidia De Filippis
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Bioinformatics Unit, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Valentina Garlatti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Daniele
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Molecular Genetics Unit, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Jessica Rosati
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Cellular Reprogramming Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Molecular Genetics Unit, Viale dei Cappuccini, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, (FG), Italy
| | - Francesca Pinos
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cajola
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Mazzini
- Centro Regionale Esperto SLA Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vercelli
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Svelto
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Luigi Vescovi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy. .,Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Production Unit of Advanced Therapies (UPTA), Institute for Stem-Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy. .,Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen KS, McGinley LM, Kashlan ON, Hayes JM, Bruno ES, Chang JS, Mendelson FE, Tabbey MA, Johe K, Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Targeted intraspinal injections to assess therapies in rodent models of neurological disorders. Nat Protoc 2019; 14:331-349. [PMID: 30610242 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-018-0095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, pharmacological therapies for spinal cord motor pathologies are limited. Alternatives using macromolecular, viral, or cell-based therapies show early promise. However, introducing these substances into the spinal cord, past the blood-brain barrier, without causing injury is challenging. We describe a technique for intraspinal injection targeting the lumbar ventral horn in rodents. This technique preserves motor performance and has a proven track record of translation into phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. The procedure, in brief, involves exposure of the thoracolumbar spine and dissection of paraspinous muscles over the target vertebrae. Following laminectomy, the spine is affixed to a stereotactic frame, permitting precise and reproducible injection throughout the lumbar spine. We have used this protocol to inject various stem cell types, primarily human spinal stem cells (HSSCs); however, the injection is adaptable to any candidate therapeutic cell, virus, or macromolecule product. In addition to a detailed procedure, we provide stereotactic coordinates that assist in targeting of the lumbar spine and instructional videos. The protocol takes ~2 h per animal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lisa M McGinley
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Osama N Kashlan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John M Hayes
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Josh S Chang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Faye E Mendelson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maegan A Tabbey
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mitchell R, Mellows B, Sheard J, Antonioli M, Kretz O, Chambers D, Zeuner MT, Tomkins JE, Denecke B, Musante L, Joch B, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Holthofer H, Ray S, Huber TB, Dengjel J, De Coppi P, Widera D, Patel K. Secretome of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes skeletal muscle regeneration through synergistic action of extracellular vesicle cargo and soluble proteins. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:116. [PMID: 30953537 PMCID: PMC6451311 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underpinning the regenerative capabilities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were originally thought to reside in their ability to recognise damaged tissue and to differentiate into specific cell types that would replace defective cells. However, recent work has shown that molecules produced by MSCs (secretome), particularly those packaged in extracellular vesicles (EVs), rather than the cells themselves are responsible for tissue repair. METHODS Here we have produced a secretome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) that is free of exogenous molecules by incubation within a saline solution. Various in vitro models were used to evaluate the effects of the secretome on cellular processes that promote tissue regeneration. A cardiotoxin-induced skeletal muscle injury model was used to test the regenerative effects of the whole secretome or isolated extracellular vesicle fraction in vivo. This was followed by bioinformatic analysis of the components of the protein and miRNA content of the secretome and finally compared to a secretome generated from a secondary stem cell source. RESULTS Here we have demonstrated that the secretome from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells shows robust effects on cellular processes that promote tissue regeneration. Furthermore, we show that the whole ADSC secretome is capable of enhancing the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration following acute damage. We assessed the efficacy of the total secretome compared with the extracellular vesicle fraction on a number of assays that inform on tissue regeneration and demonstrate that both fractions affect different aspects of the process in vitro and in vivo. Our in vitro, in vivo, and bioinformatic results show that factors that promote regeneration are distributed both within extracellular vesicles and the soluble fraction of the secretome. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our study implies that extracellular vesicles and soluble molecules within ADSC secretome act in a synergistic manner to promote muscle generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ben Mellows
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jonathan Sheard
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Sheard BioTech Ltd, 20-22 Wenlock Road, London, N1 7GU UK
| | | | - Oliver Kretz
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - David Chambers
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Marie-Theres Zeuner
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - James E. Tomkins
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Luca Musante
- Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barbara Joch
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Harry Holthofer
- Centre for Bioanalytical Sciences (CBAS), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Steve Ray
- Micregen, Alderley Edge, Manchester, UK
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- Department of Medicine III, Faculty of Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Renal Division, Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Centre for Systems Biology (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joern Dengjel
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Darius Widera
- Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- FRIAS Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abati E, Bresolin N, Comi G, Corti S. Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives in Translational Stem Cell Therapy for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6703-6715. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
32
|
Baker EW, Kinder HA, West FD. Neural stem cell therapy for stroke: A multimechanistic approach to restoring neurological function. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01214. [PMID: 30747485 PMCID: PMC6422715 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neural stem cells (NSCs) have demonstrated multimodal therapeutic function for stroke, which is the leading cause of long-term disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. In preclinical stroke models, NSCs have been shown to modulate inflammation, foster neuroplasticity and neural reorganization, promote angiogenesis, and act as a cellular replacement by differentiating into mature neural cell types. However, there are several key technical questions to address before NSC therapy can be applied to the clinical setting on a large scale. PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we will discuss the various sources of NSCs, their therapeutic modes of action to enhance stroke recovery, and considerations for the clinical translation of NSC therapies. Understanding the key factors involved in NSC-mediated tissue recovery and addressing the current translational barriers may lead to clinical success of NSC therapy and a first-in-class restorative therapy for stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Baker
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Holly A Kinder
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Franklin D West
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mazzini L, Ferrari D, Andjus PR, Buzanska L, Cantello R, De Marchi F, Gelati M, Giniatullin R, Glover JC, Grilli M, Kozlova EN, Maioli M, Mitrečić D, Pivoriunas A, Sanchez-Pernaute R, Sarnowska A, Vescovi AL. Advances in stem cell therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 18:865-881. [PMID: 30025485 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1503248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disease that targets motoneurons. Cell-based therapies have generated widespread interest as a potential therapeutic approach but no conclusive results have yet been reported either from pre-clinical or clinical studies. AREAS COVERED This is an integrated review of pre-clinical and clinical studies focused on the development of cell-based therapies for ALS. We analyze the biology of stem cell treatments and results obtained from pre-clinical models of ALS and examine the methods and the results obtained to date from clinical trials. We discuss scientific, clinical, and ethical issues and propose some directions for future studies. EXPERT OPINION While data from individual studies are encouraging, stem-cell-based therapies do not yet represent a satisfactory, reliable clinical option. The field will critically benefit from the introduction of well-designed, randomized and reproducible, powered clinical trials. Comparative studies addressing key issues such as the nature, properties, and number of donor cells, the delivery mode and the selection of proper patient populations that may benefit the most from cell-based therapies are now of the essence. Multidisciplinary networks of experts should be established to empower effective translation of research into the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Mazzini
- a ALS Centre Department of Neurology , "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital Novara , Novara , Italy
| | - Daniela Ferrari
- b Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences , University Milano Bicocca , Milano , Italy
| | - Pavle R Andjus
- c Center for laser microscopy, Faculty of Biology , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Leonora Buzanska
- d Stem Cell Bioengineering Unit , Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Roberto Cantello
- a ALS Centre Department of Neurology , "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital Novara , Novara , Italy
| | - Fabiola De Marchi
- a ALS Centre Department of Neurology , "Maggiore della Carità" University Hospital Novara , Novara , Italy
| | - Maurizio Gelati
- e Scientific Direction , IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo , Foggia , Italy.,f Cell Factory e biobanca, Fondazione Cellule Staminali , Terni , Italy
| | - Rashid Giniatullin
- g A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland , Neulaniementie 2, Kuopio , FINLAND
| | - Joel C Glover
- h Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo and Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Mariagrazia Grilli
- i Department Pharmaceutical Sciences , Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, University of Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy
| | - Elena N Kozlova
- j Department of Neuroscience , Uppsala University Biomedical Centre , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Margherita Maioli
- k Department of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming (CEDEBIOR) , University of Sassari, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) , Sassari , Italy
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- l Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research , University of Zagreb School of Medicine , Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Augustas Pivoriunas
- m Department of Stem Cell Biology , State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine , Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Rosario Sanchez-Pernaute
- n Preclinical Research , Andalusian Initiative for Advanced Therapies, Andalusian Health Ministry , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- d Stem Cell Bioengineering Unit , Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Angelo L Vescovi
- b Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences , University Milano Bicocca , Milano , Italy.,f Cell Factory e biobanca, Fondazione Cellule Staminali , Terni , Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Crane AT, Voth JP, Shen FX, Low WC. Concise Review: Human-Animal Neurological Chimeras: Humanized Animals or Human Cells in an Animal? Stem Cells 2019; 37:444-452. [PMID: 30629789 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Blastocyst complementation is an emerging methodology in which human stem cells are transferred into genetically engineered preimplantation animal embryos eventually giving rise to fully developed human tissues and organs within the animal host for use in regenerative medicine. The ethical issues surrounding this method have caused the National Institutes of Health to issue a moratorium on funding for blastocyst complementation citing the potential for human cells to substantially contribute to the brain of the chimeric animal. To address this concern, we performed an in-depth review of the neural transplantation literature to determine how the integration of human cells into the nonhuman neural circuitry has altered the behavior of the host. Despite reports of widespread integration of human cell transplants, our review of 150 transplantation studies found no evidence suggestive of humanization of the animal host, and we thus conclude that, at present, concerns over humanization should not prevent research on blastocyst complementation to continue. We suggest proceeding in a controlled and transparent manner, however, and include recommendations for future research with careful consideration for how human cells may contribute to the animal host nervous system. Stem Cells 2019;37:444-452.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Crane
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Minnesota Craniofacial Research Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joseph P Voth
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Francis X Shen
- University of Minnesota Law School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Walter C Low
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Valko K, Ciesla L. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2019; 58:63-117. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmch.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
36
|
Luo H, Xu C, Liu Z, Yang L, Hong Y, Liu G, Zhong H, Cai X, Lin X, Chen X, Wang C, Nanwen Z, Xu W. Neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with human brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene‐modified in functionalized self‐assembling peptide hydrogel in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:2828-2835. [PMID: 28929517 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Luo
- Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Changsheng Xu
- Institute of Hypertension, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunda Hong
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Guisheng Liu
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Huifen Zhong
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Cai
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuping Lin
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaokun Chen
- School of Clinical Medical, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Changsheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhang Nanwen
- Department of Pharmacology School of pharmacy, Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (FMU) Fuzhou People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dalamagkas K, Tsintou M, Seifalian A, Seifalian AM. Translational Regenerative Therapies for Chronic Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1776. [PMID: 29914060 PMCID: PMC6032191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a chronic and debilitating neurological condition that is currently being managed symptomatically with no real therapeutic strategies available. Even though there is no consensus on the best time to start interventions, the chronic phase is definitely the most stable target in order to determine whether a therapy can effectively restore neurological function. The advancements of nanoscience and stem cell technology, combined with the powerful, novel neuroimaging modalities that have arisen can now accelerate the path of promising novel therapeutic strategies from bench to bedside. Several types of stem cells have reached up to clinical trials phase II, including adult neural stem cells, human spinal cord stem cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, autologous Schwann cells, umbilical cord blood-derived mononuclear cells, adult mesenchymal cells, and autologous bone-marrow-derived stem cells. There also have been combinations of different molecular therapies; these have been either alone or combined with supportive scaffolds with nanostructures to facilitate favorable cell⁻material interactions. The results already show promise but it will take some coordinated actions in order to develop a proper step-by-step approach to solve impactful problems with neural repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyriakos Dalamagkas
- The Institute for Rehabilitation and Research, Memorial Hermann Texas Medical Centre, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College of London (UCL), London NW3 2QG, UK.
| | - Magdalini Tsintou
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College of London (UCL), London NW3 2QG, UK.
- Center for Neural Systems Investigations, Massachusetts General Hospital/HST Athinoula A., Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, UCL Medical School, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Alexander M Seifalian
- NanoRegMed Ltd. (Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre), The London BioScience Innovation Centre, London NW1 0NH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Teng CF, Jeng LB, Shyu WC. Role of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Signaling in Stem Cell Stemness and Therapeutic Efficacy. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1313-1319. [PMID: 29882416 PMCID: PMC6168993 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718779777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has emerged that stem cells represent a promising therapeutic tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Thus, identifying functional markers for selecting stem cells capable of superior self-renewal and pluripotency (or multipotency) and maintaining stem cell identity under appropriate culture conditions are critical for guiding the use of stem cells toward clinical applications. Many investigations have implicated the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling in maintenance of stem cell characteristics and enhancement of stem cell therapy efficacy. IGF1R-expressing stem cells display robust pluripotent or multipotent properties. In this review, we summarize the essential roles of IGF1R signaling in self-renewal, pluripotency (or multipotency), and therapeutic efficacy of stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells, neural stem cells, cardiac stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, placental mesenchymal stem cells, and dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells. Modifying IGF1R signaling may thus provide potential strategies for maintaining stem cell properties and improving stem-cell-based therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Fang Teng
- 1 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,2 Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Long-Bin Jeng
- 2 Organ Transplantation Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- 1 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,3 Translational Medicine Research Center and Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,4 Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Goutman SA, Brown MB, Glass JD, Boulis NM, Johe K, Hazel T, Cudkowicz M, Atassi N, Borges L, Patil PG, Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Long-term Phase 1/2 intraspinal stem cell transplantation outcomes in ALS. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 5:730-740. [PMID: 29928656 PMCID: PMC5989736 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Intraspinal human spinal cord‐derived neural stem cell (HSSC) transplantation is a potential therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); however, previous trials lack controls. This post hoc analysis compared ambulatory limb‐onset ALS participants in Phase 1 and 2 (Ph1/2) open‐label intraspinal HSSC transplantation studies up to 3 years after transplant to matched participants in Pooled Resource Open‐Access ALS Clinical Trials (PRO‐ACT) and ceftriaxone datasets to provide required analyses to inform future clinical trial designs. Methods Survival, ALSFRS‐R, and a composite statistic (ALS/SURV) combining survival and ALS Functional Rating Scale revised (ALSFRS‐R) functional status were assessed for matched participant subsets: PRO‐ACT n = 1108, Ph1/2 n = 21 and ceftriaxone n = 177, Ph1/2 n = 20. Results Survival did not differ significantly between cohorts: Ph1/2 median survival 4.7 years, 95% CI (1.2, ∞) versus PRO‐ACT 2.3 years (1.9, 2.5), P = 1.0; Ph1/2 3.0 years (1.2, 5.6) versus ceftriaxone 2.3 years (1.8, 2.8), P = 0.88. Mean ALSFRS‐R at 24 months significantly differed between Ph1/2 and both comparison cohorts (Ph1/2 30.1 ± 8.6 vs. PRO‐ACT 24.0 ± 10.2, P = 0.048; Ph1/2 30.7 ± 8.8 vs. ceftriaxone 19.2 ± 9.5, P = 0.0023). Using ALS/SURV, median PRO‐ACT and ceftriaxone participants died by 24 months, whereas median Ph1/2 participant ALSFRS‐Rs were 23 (P = 0.0038) and 19 (P = 0.14) in PRO‐ACT and ceftriaxone comparisons at 24 months, respectively, supporting improved functional outcomes in the Ph1/2 study. Interpretation Comparison of Ph1/2 studies to historical datasets revealed significantly improved survival and function using ALS/SURV versus PRO‐ACT controls. While results are encouraging, comparison against historical populations demonstrate limitations in noncontrolled studies. These findings support continued evaluation of HSSC transplantation in ALS, support the benefit of control populations, and enable necessary power calculations to design a randomized, sham surgery‐controlled efficacy study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Goutman
- Department of Neurology University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Morton B Brown
- Department of Biostatistics University of Michigan 1415 Washington Heights M4039 SPH II Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Jonathan D Glass
- Department of Neurology Emory University School of Medicine 101 Woodruff Circle Atlanta Georgia 30322
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of Medicine 101 Woodruff Circle WMB Room 6309 Atlanta Georgia
| | - Karl Johe
- Neuralstem, Inc. 20271 Goldenrod Lane Suite 2033 Germantown Maryland 20876
| | - Tom Hazel
- Neuralstem, Inc. 20271 Goldenrod Lane Suite 2033 Germantown Maryland 20876
| | - Merit Cudkowicz
- Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 165 Cambridge Street Boston Massachusetts 02114
| | - Nazem Atassi
- Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 165 Cambridge Street Boston Massachusetts 02114
| | - Lawrence Borges
- Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School 15 Parkman Street Wand ACC 745 Boston Massachusetts 02114
| | - Parag G Patil
- Department of Neurology University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109.,Department of Neurosurgery University of Michigan 1500 E. Medical Center Drive SPC 5338 Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Stacey A Sakowski
- Program for Neurology Research and Discovery University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109.,Program for Neurology Research and Discovery University of Michigan 109 Zina Pitcher Place 5017 AAT-BSRB Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Thomsen GM, Avalos P, Ma AA, Alkaslasi M, Cho N, Wyss L, Vit JP, Godoy M, Suezaki P, Shelest O, Bankiewicz KS, Svendsen CN. Transplantation of Neural Progenitor Cells Expressing Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor into the Motor Cortex as a Strategy to Treat Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1122-1131. [PMID: 29656478 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Early dysfunction of cortical motor neurons may underlie the initiation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As such, the cortex represents a critical area of ALS research and a promising therapeutic target. In the current study, human cortical-derived neural progenitor cells engineered to secrete glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were transplanted into the SOD1G93A ALS rat cortex, where they migrated, matured into astrocytes, and released GDNF. This protected motor neurons, delayed disease pathology and extended survival of the animals. These same cells injected into the cortex of cynomolgus macaques survived and showed robust GDNF expression without adverse effects. Together this data suggests that introducing cortical astrocytes releasing GDNF represents a novel promising approach to treating ALS. Stem Cells 2018;36:1122-1131.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen M Thomsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pablo Avalos
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Annie A Ma
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mor Alkaslasi
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Noell Cho
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Livia Wyss
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Vit
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Biobehavioral Research Core, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marlesa Godoy
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Patrick Suezaki
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Oksana Shelest
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Krystof S Bankiewicz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Derivation and Identification of Motor Neurons from Human Urine-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2018. [PMID: 29531534 PMCID: PMC5829358 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3628578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have provided new opportunities for motor neuron disease (MND) modeling, drug screening, and cellular therapeutic development. Among the various types of iPSCs, urine-derived iPSCs have become a promising source of stem cells because they can be safely and noninvasively isolated and easily reprogrammed. Here, for the first time, we differentiated urine-derived iPSCs (urine-iPSCs) into motor neurons (MNs) and compared the capacity of urine-iPSCs and cord-blood-derived iPSCs (B-iPSCs) to differentiate into MNs. With the use of small molecules, mature MNs were generated from urine-iPSCs as early as 26 days in culture. Furthermore, in coculture with muscle cells, MNs projected long axons and formed neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Immunofluorescence and PCR confirmed the expression levels of both MN and NMJ markers. The comparison of the ratios of positive labeling for MN markers between urine-iPSCs and B-iPSCs demonstrated that the differentiation potentials of these cells were not significantly different. The abovementioned results indicate that urine-iPSCs are a new, promising source of stem cells for MND modeling and further cellular therapeutic development.
Collapse
|
42
|
Ciervo Y, Ning K, Jun X, Shaw PJ, Mead RJ. Advances, challenges and future directions for stem cell therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:85. [PMID: 29132389 PMCID: PMC5683324 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative condition where loss of motor neurons within the brain and spinal cord leads to muscle atrophy, weakness, paralysis and ultimately death within 3–5 years from onset of symptoms. The specific molecular mechanisms underlying the disease pathology are not fully understood and neuroprotective treatment options are minimally effective. In recent years, stem cell transplantation as a new therapy for ALS patients has been extensively investigated, becoming an intense and debated field of study. In several preclinical studies using the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, stem cells were demonstrated to be neuroprotective, effectively delayed disease onset and extended survival. Despite substantial improvements in stem cell technology and promising results in preclinical studies, several questions still remain unanswered, such as the identification of the most suitable and beneficial cell source, cell dose, route of delivery and therapeutic mechanisms. This review will cover publications in this field and comprehensively discuss advances, challenges and future direction regarding the therapeutic potential of stem cells in ALS, with a focus on mesenchymal stem cells. In summary, given their high proliferation activity, immunomodulation, multi-differentiation potential, and the capacity to secrete neuroprotective factors, adult mesenchymal stem cells represent a promising candidate for clinical translation. However, technical hurdles such as optimal dose, differentiation state, route of administration, and the underlying potential therapeutic mechanisms still need to be assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Ciervo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Rd S10 2HQ, Sheffield, UK.,Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Rd, Yangpu Qu, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Ning
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Rd S10 2HQ, Sheffield, UK.,Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Rd, Yangpu Qu, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Jun
- Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Rd, Yangpu Qu, Shanghai, China
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Rd S10 2HQ, Sheffield, UK
| | - Richard J Mead
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Rd S10 2HQ, Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lamanna JJ, Gutierrez J, Espinosa JR, Wagner J, Urquia LN, Moreton C, Victor Hurtig C, Tora M, Kirk AD, Federici T, Boulis NM. Peripheral blood detection of systemic graft-specific xeno-antibodies following transplantation of human neural progenitor cells into the porcine spinal cord. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 48:173-180. [PMID: 29089163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extensive pre-clinical and clinical studies have searched for therapeutic efficacy of cell-based therapeutics in diseases of the Central Nervous System (CNS) with no other viable options. Allogeneic cells represent the primary source of these therapies and immunosuppressive regimens have been empirically employed based on experience with solid organ transplantation, attempting to avoid immune mediated graft rejection. In this study, we aimed to 1) characterize the host immune response to stem cells transplanted into the CNS and 2) develop a non-invasive method for detecting immune response to transplanted cell grafts. Human neural progenitor cells were transplanted into the spinal cord of 10 Göttingen minipigs, of which 5 received no immunosuppression and 5 received Tacrolimus. Peripheral blood samples were collected longitudinally for flow cytometry cross match studies. Necropsy was performed at day 21 and spinal cord tissue analysis. We observed a transient increase in xeno-reactive antibodies was detected on post-operative day 7 and 14 in pigs that did not receive immunosuppression. This response was not detected in pigs that received Tacrolimus immunosuppression. No difference in graft survival was observed between the groups. Infiltration of numerous immune mediators including granulocytes, T lymphocytes, and activated microglia, and complement deposition were detected. In summary, a systemic immunologic response to stem cell grafts was detected for two weeks after transplantation using peripheral blood. This could be used as a non-invasive biomarker by investigators for detection of immunologic rejection. However, the absence of a detectable response in peripheral blood does not rule out a parenchymal immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J Lamanna
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Juanmarco Gutierrez
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Jaclyn R Espinosa
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Jacob Wagner
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Lindsey N Urquia
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Cheryl Moreton
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - C Victor Hurtig
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Muhibullah Tora
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Allan D Kirk
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Thais Federici
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Room 6339, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tang Y, Yu P, Cheng L. Current progress in the derivation and therapeutic application of neural stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3108. [PMID: 29022921 PMCID: PMC5682670 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) have a unique role in neural regeneration. Cell therapy based on NSC transplantation is a promising tool for the treatment of nervous system diseases. However, there are still many issues and controversies associated with the derivation and therapeutic application of these cells. In this review, we summarize the different sources of NSCs and their derivation methods, including direct isolation from primary tissues, differentiation from pluripotent stem cells and transdifferentiation from somatic cells. We also review the current progress in NSC implantation for the treatment of various neural defects and injuries in animal models and clinical trials. Finally, we discuss potential optimization strategies for NSC derivation and propose urgent challenges to the clinical translation of NSC-based therapies in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuewen Tang
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Haematology, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhong SJ, Gong YH, Lin YC. Combined intranasal nerve growth factor and ventricle neural stem cell grafts prolong survival and improve disease outcome in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis transgenic mice. Neurosci Lett 2017; 656:1-8. [PMID: 28694091 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease that selectively involves motor neurons. Neurotrophic factor supplementation and neural stem cell (NSC) alternative therapy have been used to treat ALS. The two approaches can affect each other in their pathways of action, and there is a possibility for synergism. However, to date, there have been no studies demonstrating the effects of combined therapy in the treatment of ALS. In this study, for the first time, we adopted a method involving the intranasal administration of nerve growth factor combined with lateral ventricle NSC transplantation using G93A-SOD1 transgenic mice as experimental subjects to explore the treatment effect of this combined therapy in ALS. We discover that the combined therapy increase the quantity of TrkA receptors, broaden the migration of exogenous NSCs, further promote active proliferation in neurogenic regions of the brain and enhance the preservation of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Regarding physical activity, the combined therapy improved motor functions, further postponed ALS onset and extended the survival time of the mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jiang Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Logistic University Affiliated Hospital, Logistic University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, PR China
| | - Yan-Hua Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Logistic University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yan-Chen Lin
- Department of Neurology, Logistic University Affiliated Hospital, Logistic University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Garbuzova-Davis S, Ehrhart J, Sanberg PR. Cord blood as a potential therapeutic for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:837-851. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1323862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jared Ehrhart
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Paul R. Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gowing G, Svendsen S, Svendsen CN. Ex vivo gene therapy for the treatment of neurological disorders. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2017; 230:99-132. [PMID: 28552237 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo gene therapy involves the genetic modification of cells outside of the body to produce therapeutic factors and their subsequent transplantation back into patients. Various cell types can be genetically engineered. However, with the explosion in stem cell technologies, neural stem/progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells are most often used. The synergy between the effect of the new cell and the additional engineered properties can often provide significant benefits to neurodegenerative changes in the brain. In this review, we cover both preclinical animal studies and clinical human trials that have used ex vivo gene therapy to treat neurological disorders with a focus on Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ALS, and stroke. We highlight some of the major advances in this field including new autologous sources of pluripotent stem cells, safer ways to introduce therapeutic transgenes, and various methods of gene regulation. We also address some of the remaining hurdles including tunable gene regulation, in vivo cell tracking, and rigorous experimental design. Overall, given the current outcomes from researchers and clinical trials, along with exciting new developments in ex vivo gene and cell therapy, we anticipate that successful treatments for neurological diseases will arise in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Gowing
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Soshana Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Oh SK, Jeon SR. Current Concept of Stem Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: A Review. Korean J Neurotrauma 2016; 12:40-46. [PMID: 27857906 PMCID: PMC5110917 DOI: 10.13004/kjnt.2016.12.2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic condition associated with significant neurological deficit, social, and financial burdens. Over the past decades, various treatments including medication, surgery, and rehabilitation therapy for SCI have been performed, but there were no definite treatment option to improve neurological function of patients with chronic SCI. Therefore, new treatment trials with stem cells have been studied to regenerate injured spinal cord. Among various types of stem cells, bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells is highly expected as candidates for the stem cell therapy. The result of the current research showed that direct intramedullary injection to the injured spinal cord site in subacute phase is most effective. Neurological examination, electrophysiologic studies, and magnetic resonance imaging are commonly used to assess the effectiveness of treatment. Diffusion tensor imaging visualizing white matter tract can be also alternative option to identify neuronal regeneration. Despite various challenging issues, stem cell therapy will open new perspectives for SCI treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Kyu Oh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Jeon
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells prolongs survival, delays disease onset and progression and mitigates neuronal loss in pre-symptomatic, but not symptomatic ALS mice. Neurosci Lett 2016; 633:182-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
50
|
Comparative effect of immature neuronal or glial cell transplantation on motor functional recovery following experimental traumatic brain injury in rats. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1671-1680. [PMID: 27602084 PMCID: PMC4998226 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the comparative effect of stereotaxically transplanted immature neuronal or glial cells in brain on motor functional recovery and cytokine expression after cold-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adult rats. A total of 60 rats were divided into four groups (n=15/group): Sham group; TBI only group; TBI plus neuronal cells-transplanted group (NC-G); and TBI plus glial cells-transplanted group (GC-G). Cortical lesions were induced by a touching metal stamp, frozen with liquid nitrogen, to the dura mater over the motor cortex of adult rats. Neuronal and glial cells were isolated from rat embryonic and newborn cortices, respectively, and cultured in culture flasks. Rats received neurons or glia grafts (~1×106 cells) 5 days after TBI was induced. Motor functional evaluation was performed with the rotarod test prior to and following glial and neural cell grafts. Five rats from each group were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-cell transplantation. Immunofluorescence staining was performed on brain section to identify the transplanted neuronal or glial cells using neural and astrocytic markers. The expression levels of cytokines, including transforming growth factor-β, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor and vascular endothelial growth factor, which have key roles in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of neural cells, were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. A localized cortical lesion was evoked in all injured rats, resulting in significant motor deficits. Transplanted cells successfully migrated and survived in the injured brain lesion, and the expression of neuronal and astrocyte markers were detected in the NC-G and GC-G groups, respectively. Rats in the NC-G and GC-G cell-transplanted groups exhibited significant motor functional recovery and reduced histopathologic lesions, as compared with the TBI-G rats that did not receive neural cells (P<0.05, respectively). Furthermore, GC-G treatment induced significantly improved motor functional recovery, as compared with the NC-G group (P<0.05). Increased cytokine expression levels were detected in the NC-G and GC-G groups, as compared with the TBI-G; however, no differences were found between the two groups. These data suggested that transplanted immature neural cells may promote the survival of neural cells in cortical lesion and motor functional recovery. Furthermore, transplanted glial cells may be used as an effective therapeutic tool for TBI patients with abnormalities in motor functional recovery and cytokine expression.
Collapse
|