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Yan C, Yang W, Luo J, Tang F, Liu J. Neurofunctional changes related to methamphetamine and sexual cues in methamphetamine dependence from short- to long-term abstinence. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13405. [PMID: 38837586 PMCID: PMC11150907 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Abuse of methamphetamine has aroused concern worldwide. Stimulant use and sexual behaviours have been linked in behavioural and epidemiological studies. Although methamphetamine-related neurofunctional differences are reported in previous studies, only few studies have examined neurofunctional changes related to methamphetamine and sexual cues in methamphetamine dependence from short- to long-term abstinence. METHODS Neurofunctional changes were measured using a cue-reactivity task involving methamphetamine, sexual, and neutral cues in 20 methamphetamine abusers who were evaluated after a short- (1 week to 3 months) and long-term (10-15 months) abstinence. RESULTS Five brain regions mainly involved in the occipital lobe and the parietal lobe were found with the group-by-condition interaction. Region-of-interest analyses found higher sexual-cue-related activation than other two activations in all five brain regions in the long-term methamphetamine abstinence group while no group differences were found. Negative relationships between motor impulsivity and methamphetamine- or sexual-cue-related activations in the left middle occipital gyrus, the superior parietal gyrus and the right angular gyrus were found. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that methamphetamine abstinence may change the neural response of methamphetamine abusers to methamphetamine and sexual cues, and the neurofunction of the five brain regions reported in this study may partly recover with long-term methamphetamine abstinence. Given the use and relapse of methamphetamine for sexual purposes, the findings of this study may have particular clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Yan
- Department of RadiologySecond Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenhan Yang
- Department of RadiologySecond Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of RadiologyHunan Provincial People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University)ChangshaChina
| | - Fei Tang
- Department of RadiologySecond Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of RadiologySecond Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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Komlao P, Kraiwattanapirom N, Promyo K, Hein ZM, Chetsawang B. Melatonin enhances the restoration of neurological impairments and cognitive deficits during drug withdrawal in methamphetamine-induced toxicity and endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:305-312. [PMID: 37979660 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a psychostimulant with a very high addiction rate. Prolonged use of METH has been observed as one of the root causes of neurotoxicity. Melatonin (Mel) has been found to have a significant role in METH-induced neurotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the restorative effect of Mel on behavioral flexibility in METH-induced cognitive deficits. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to be intraperitoneally injected with saline (control) or Meth at 5 mg/kg for 7 consecutive days. Then, METH injection was withdrawn and rats in each group were subcutaneously injected with saline or Mel at 10 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. The stereotypic behavioral test and attentional set-shifting task (ASST) were used to evaluate neurological functions and cognitive flexibility, respectively. Rats developed abnormal features of stereotyped behaviors and deficits in cognitive flexibility after 7 days of METH administration. However, post-treatment with Mel for 14 days after METH withdrawal dramatically ameliorated the neurological and cognitive deficits in METH-treated rats. Blood biomarkers indicated METH-induced systemic low-grade inflammation. Moreover, METH-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the prefrontal cortex was diminished by melatonin supplementation. These findings might reveal the therapeutic potential of Mel in METH toxicity-induced neurological and cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pongphat Komlao
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Natcharee Kraiwattanapirom
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Kitipong Promyo
- School of Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Zaw Myo Hein
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine and Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Banthit Chetsawang
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhonpathom 73170, Thailand.
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Loftis JM, Ramani S, Firsick EJ, Hudson R, Le-Cook A, Murnane KS, Vandenbark A, Shirley RL. Immunotherapeutic treatment of inflammation in mice exposed to methamphetamine. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1259041. [PMID: 38025429 PMCID: PMC10666795 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1259041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Currently, there are no FDA-approved medications to treat methamphetamine addiction, including the inflammatory, neurotoxic, and adverse neuropsychiatric effects. We have shown that partial (p)MHC class II constructs (i.e., Recombinant T-cell receptor Ligand - RTL1000), comprised of the extracellular α1 and β1 domains of MHC class II molecules linked covalently to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-35-55 peptide, can address the neuroimmune effects of methamphetamine addiction through its ability to bind to and down-regulate CD74 expression, block macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) signaling, and reduce levels of pro-inflammatory chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). The present study evaluated the effects of our third-generation pMHC II construct, DRmQ, on cognitive function and concentration of inflammatory cytokines in the frontal cortex, a region critical for cognitive functions such as memory, impulse control, and problem solving. Methods Female and male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to methamphetamine (or saline) via subcutaneous (s.c.) injections administered four times per day every other day for 14 days. Following methamphetamine exposure, mice received immunotherapy (DRmQ or ibudilast) or vehicle s.c. injections daily for five days. Cognitive function was assessed using the novel object recognition test (NORT). To evaluate the effects of immunotherapy on inflammation in the frontal cortex, multiplex immunoassays were conducted. ANOVA was used to compare exploration times on the NORT and immune factor concentrations. Results Post hoc analysis revealed increased novel object exploration time in MA-DRmQ treated mice, as compared to MA-VEH treated mice (non-significant trend). One-way ANOVA detected a significant difference across the groups in the concentration of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) (p = 0.03). Post hoc tests indicated that mice treated with methamphetamine and DRmQ or ibudilast had significantly lower levels of MIP-2 in frontal cortex, as compared to mice treated with methamphetamine and vehicle (p > 0.05). Discussion By specifically targeting CD74, our DRQ constructs can block the signaling of MIF, inhibiting the downstream signaling and pro-inflammatory effects that contribute to and perpetuate methamphetamine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Loftis
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sankrith Ramani
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Evan J. Firsick
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Rebekah Hudson
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Anh Le-Cook
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kevin S. Murnane
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Louisiana Addiction Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Arthur Vandenbark
- Research and Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Satyal MK, Basso JC, Wilding H, Athamneh LN, Bickel WK. Examining neurobehavioral differences that support success in recovery from alcohol and other substance use disorders. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2023; 148:209007. [PMID: 36940778 PMCID: PMC10193587 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Substance use disorders (SUDs) are brain disorders associated with impairments resulting from the recurrent use of alcohol, drugs, or both. Though recovery is possible, SUDs are chronic, relapsing-remitting disorders, with estimates of SUD relapse at 40-60%. Currently, we know little about the mechanisms underlying successful recovery processes and whether substance-specific mechanisms exist. The current study sought to examine delay discounting (a measure of future valuation), executive skills, abstinence duration, and health behaviors in a population of individuals in recovery from alcohol, stimulants, opioids, and other substances. METHODS In this observational study, we utilized a cohort of individuals (n = 238) from the International Quit and Recovery Registry, an online registry for those in recovery from SUDs around the world. We assessed delay discounting through a neurobehavioral task, and assessed abstinence duration, executive skills, and engagement in positive health behaviors through self-report measures. RESULTS We found that delay discounting, executive skills, and engagement in positive health behaviors were similar among individuals in recovery from different substances. Abstinence duration was associated with delay discounting and engagement in health behaviors. Additionally, executive skills and engagement in health behaviors were positively associated. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that common behavioral mechanisms support recovery from misuse of various substances. As both delay discounting and executive skills are dependent upon executive brain centers, such as the prefrontal cortex, strategies that target executive functioning, such as episodic future thinking, meditation, or exercise, may be efficient strategies for optimizing recovery from SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medha K Satyal
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, VA, USA
| | - Julia C Basso
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, VA, USA; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, VA, USA; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, VA, USA
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Highgate Q, Abadey AA, Schenk S. Repeated eticlopride administration increases dopamine D 2 receptor expression and restores behavioral flexibility disrupted by methamphetamine exposure to male rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 435:114064. [PMID: 35987306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Repeated methamphetamine exposure impairs reversal learning in laboratory animals and downregulates dopamine D2 receptor expression. In the present study, we tested the possibility that repeated exposure to the dopamine D2 antagonist, eticlopride, would increase D2 receptor expression, improve behavioral flexibility and restore behavioral flexibility that was disrupted by exposure to methamphetamine in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received repeated daily pretreatment with the dopamine D2 antagonist, eticlopride (0.0 or 0.3 mg/kg/day, 14 days). Three days after the last treatment, whole brain (minus olfactory bulbs and cerebellum) dopamine D2 receptor expression was measured using flow cytometry in one group and reversal learning performance was measured in another group. Reversal learning was also measured in other groups prior to and after methamphetamine exposure (0.0 or 2.0 mg/kg, 4 injections, 2 h apart, 1 day) followed by repeated eticlopride (0.0 or 0.3 mg/kg, 14 days) treatment. Eticlopride treatment increased D2 receptor expression and improved reversal learning performance. Methamphetamine impaired reversal learning performance and eticlopride treatment reversed the deficit. These results suggest that repeated administration of eticlopride can restore behavioral flexibility and that upregulation of D2 receptors might be an effective adjunct to treatment of methamphetamine misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quenten Highgate
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Afnan Al Abadey
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Susan Schenk
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand; Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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Lauvsnes ADF, Hansen TI, Håberg AK, Gråwe RW, Langaas M. Poor Response Inhibition and Symptoms of Inattentiveness Are Core Characteristics of Lifetime Illicit Substance Use among Young Adults in the General Norwegian Population: The HUNT Study. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1462-1469. [PMID: 35762149 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2091788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairments in neurocognitive functioning are associated with substance use behavior. Previous studies in neurocognitive predictors of substance use typically use self-report measures rather than neuropsychological performance measures and suffer from low sample sizes and use of clinical diagnostic cut offs. METHODS Crossectional data from the HUNT4 Study (Helseundersøkelsen i Trøndelag) was used to study executive neuropsychological performance and self-reported measures of neurocognitive function associated with a history of illicit substance use in a general population sample of young adults in Norway. We performed both between group comparisons and logistic regression modeling and controlled for mental health symptomatology. RESULTS Subjects in our cohort with a self-reported use of illicit substances had significantly higher self-reported mental health and neurocognitive symptom load. A logistic regression model with substance use as response included sex, commission errors and self-reported inattentiveness and anxiety as significant predictors. After 10-fold cross-validation this model achieved a moderate area under the receiver-operator curve of 0.63. To handle the class imbalance typically found in such population data, we also calculated balanced accuracy with a optimal model cut off of 0.234 with a sensitivity of 0.50 and specificity of 0.76 as well as precision recall-area under the curve of 0.28. CONCLUSIONS Subtle cognitive dysfunction differentiates subjects with and without a history of illicit substance use. Neurocognitive factors outperformed the effects of depressive symptoms on substance use behavior in this cohort. We highlight the need for using adequate statistical tools for evaluating the performance of models in unbalanced datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D F Lauvsnes
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - T I Hansen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - A K Håberg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - R W Gråwe
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Research and Development, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - M Langaas
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Norwegian Computing Center, SAMBA, Oslo, Norway
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Zhao X, Wang L, Maes JHR. Training and transfer effects of working memory updating training in male abstinent long-term methamphetamine users. Addict Behav Rep 2021; 14:100385. [PMID: 34938843 PMCID: PMC8664865 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine use is associated with cognitive impairments, including executive functioning. These impairments might be cause and/or effect of the drug (re-)use and have, therefore, motivated interventions to improve cognitive functioning. Until now, only very few studies have examined the effect of training working memory updating (WMU), one of the core executive functions, in this population. In the present study, 32 long-term male abstinent methamphetamine inpatients received either a multiple-session WMU training or an active control treatment. All participants performed a number of tasks assessing WMU, inhibition, and task-switching ability- before and after treatment. The WMU-trained patients improved their performance on the trained task and on a non-trained WMU task, reflecting near transfer. However, there was no beneficial training-induced effect for the other tasks, indicating the absence of far transfer. Possible treatment implications of these findings were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.,School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.,School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Joseph H R Maes
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognition, Radboud University, PO. Box 9104, Nijmegen 6500 HE, the Netherlands
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Huckans M, Boyd S, Moncrief G, Hantke N, Winters B, Shirley K, Sano E, McCready H, Dennis L, Kohno M, Hoffman W, Loftis JM. Cognition during active methamphetamine use versus remission. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2021; 43:599-610. [PMID: 34612792 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2021.1976734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether cognitive performance in adults with active methamphetamine use (MA-ACT) differs from cognitive performance in adults in remission from MA use disorder (MA-REM) and adults without a history of substance use disorder (CTLs). METHOD MA-ACT (n = 36), MA-REM (n = 48), and CTLs (n = 62) completed the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB). RESULTS The MA-ACT group did not perform significantly worse than CTLs on any NAB Index. The MA-REM group performed significantly (p < 0.050) worse than CTLs on the NAB Memory Index. The MA-ACT group performed significantly better than CTLs and the MA-REM group on the Executive Functions Index. CONCLUSIONS Some cognitive deficits are apparent during remission from MA use, but not during active use; this may result in clinical challenges for adults attempting to maintain recovery and continue with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Huckans
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Division, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, Or, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
| | - Stephen Boyd
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
| | - Grant Moncrief
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Division, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, Or, USA.,Pacific University, School of Graduate Psychology, Hillsboro, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Nathan Hantke
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Division, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, Or, USA.,Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Bethany Winters
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
| | - Kate Shirley
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Emily Sano
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Holly McCready
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
| | - Laura Dennis
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
| | - Milky Kohno
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
| | - William Hoffman
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences Division, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, Or, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA.,Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
| | - Jennifer M Loftis
- Research & Development Service, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Methamphetamine Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Or, USA
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Basova L, Lindsey A, McGovern AM, Ellis RJ, Marcondes MCG. Detection of H3K4me3 Identifies NeuroHIV Signatures, Genomic Effects of Methamphetamine and Addiction Pathways in Postmortem HIV+ Brain Specimens that Are Not Amenable to Transcriptome Analysis. Viruses 2021; 13:544. [PMID: 33805201 PMCID: PMC8064323 DOI: 10.3390/v13040544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human postmortem specimens are extremely valuable resources for investigating translational hypotheses. Tissue repositories collect clinically assessed specimens from people with and without HIV, including age, viral load, treatments, substance use patterns and cognitive functions. One challenge is the limited number of specimens suitable for transcriptional studies, mainly due to poor RNA quality resulting from long postmortem intervals. We hypothesized that epigenomic signatures would be more stable than RNA for assessing global changes associated with outcomes of interest. We found that H3K27Ac or RNA Polymerase (Pol) were not consistently detected by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), while the enhancer H3K4me3 histone modification was abundant and stable up to the 72 h postmortem. We tested our ability to use HeK4me3 in human prefrontal cortex from HIV+ individuals meeting criteria for methamphetamine use disorder or not (Meth +/-) which exhibited poor RNA quality and were not suitable for transcriptional profiling. Systems strategies that are typically used in transcriptional metadata were applied to H3K4me3 peaks revealing consistent genomic activity differences in regions where addiction and neuronal synapses pathway genes are represented, including genes of the dopaminergic system, as well as inflammatory pathways. The resulting comparisons mirrored previously observed effects of Meth on suppressing gene expression and provided insights on neurological processes affected by Meth. The results suggested that H3K4me3 detection in chromatin may reflect transcriptional patterns, thus providing opportunities for analysis of larger numbers of specimens from cases with substance use and neurological deficits. In conclusion, the detection of H3K4me3 in isolated chromatin can be an alternative to transcriptome strategies to increase the power of association using specimens with long postmortem intervals and low RNA quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Basova
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (L.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Alexander Lindsey
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (L.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Anne Marie McGovern
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (L.B.); (A.L.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Ronald J. Ellis
- Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA;
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Rojo-Mota G, Pedrero-Pérez EJ, Verdugo-Cuartero I, Blanco-Elizo AB, Aldea-Poyo P, Alonso-Rodríguez M, León-Frade I, Morales-Alonso S. Reliability and Validity of the Spanish Version of the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) in Assessing People in Treatment for Substance Addiction. Am J Occup Ther 2021; 75:7502205080p1-7502205080p11. [PMID: 33657350 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.041897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Assessing people's executive function (EF) during addiction treatment makes it possible to design individualized occupational goals. OBJECTIVE To determine the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Executive Function Performance Test (EFPT) in the occupational assessment of people being treated for substance addiction. DESIGN Cross-sectional, observational study to determine the EFPT's internal consistency as well as its convergent and discriminant validity with complementary tests. SETTING A public, free addiction treatment center operated by Madrid Salud (Madrid City Council, Spain). PARTICIPANTS Fifty-two people referred to an occupational therapy department for evaluation and intervention. Inclusion was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text revision) criteria for substance abuse or dependence; the exclusion criterion consisted of any circumstances that made it difficult for a person to understand or perform the test. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The EFPT, other occupational tests (Allen Cognitive Level Screen-5, Lowenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment), and a battery of neuropsychological EF tests. RESULTS The EFPT had an unequivocal unifactorial structure and showed strong correlations between its components and adequate consistency with the scales and the complete test. As expected, the EFPT correlated with the neuropsychological tests with a considerable effect size (-.40 < r < -.60). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The EFPT's psychometric properties are adequate to assess the EF of people being treated for substance addiction from an occupational perspective using real activities of daily living (ADLs). WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS The results show that the EFPT can be used to assess performance of ADLs without needing to use tests from disciplines other than occupational therapy. Further studies in different sociocultural settings are needed to generalize the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Rojo-Mota
- Gloria Rojo-Mota, PhD, is Associate Professor, Occupational Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain, and Occupational Therapist, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain;
| | - Eduardo J Pedrero-Pérez
- Eduardo J. Pedrero-Pérez, PhD, is Research Consultant, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Verdugo-Cuartero
- Irene Verdugo-Cuartero, MS, is Occupational Therapy Graduate Trainee, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Blanco-Elizo
- Ana B. Blanco-Elizo, MS, is Occupational Therapy Graduate Trainee, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Aldea-Poyo
- Patricia Aldea-Poyo, MS, is Psychology Graduate Trainee, Madrid Salud, Madrid City Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Alonso-Rodríguez
- Marina Alonso-Rodríguez, MS, is Psychologist, DACER Functional Rehabilitation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene León-Frade
- Irene León-Frade, MS, is Occupational Therapist, EDAI, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Morales-Alonso
- Sara Morales-Alonso, MS, is Neuropsychologist, Center for Automation and Robotics, Spanish National Research Council, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain
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Majdi F, Taheri F, Salehi P, Motaghinejad M, Safari S. Cannabinoids Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol may be effective against methamphetamine induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation by modulation of Toll-like type-4(Toll-like 4) receptors and NF-κB signaling. Med Hypotheses 2019; 133:109371. [PMID: 31465975 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The neurodegeneration, neuro-inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction which occur by methamphetamine (METH) abuse or administration are serious and motivation therapeutic approaches for inhibition of these types of neurodegeneration. As we know, METH through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), specially type 4, and NF-κB signaling pathway causes neuro-inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Neuroprotective approach for management of METH-induced neurodegeneration, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, through a novel neuroprotective agent is continuously being superior to any kind of other therapeutic strategy. Therefore, the clarification, introduction and development of efficacious novel neuroprotective agent are demanded. During recent years, using new neuroprotective agent with therapeutic probability for treatment of METH-induced neuro-inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction has been astoundingly increased. Previous studies have stated the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory roles ofcannabinoid derivate such as cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) in multiple neurodegenerative events and diseases. According to literature cannabinoid derivate, by inhibition of TLR4 and activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, exerts their anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and cause mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus we hypothesized that by using cannabinoids in METH dependent subject it would provide neuroprotection against METH-induced neurodegeneration, neuro-inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction and probably can manage sequels of METH-induced neurochemical abuses via modulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. In this article, we tried to discuss our hypothesis regarding the possible role of CBD and Δ9-THC, as a potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agents, in inhibition or treatment of METH-induced neurodegeneration, neuro-inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction through its effects on TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Majdi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IUAPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Taheri
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Iran Psychiatric Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Salehi
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Iran Psychiatric Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Iran Psychiatric Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Safari
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rubenis AJ, Fitzpatrick RE, Lubman DI, Verdejo‐Garcia A. Working memory predicts methamphetamine hair concentration over the course of treatment: moderating effect of impulsivity and implications for dual-systems model. Addict Biol 2019; 24:145-153. [PMID: 29114992 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
High impulsivity and poor executive function are characteristic of methamphetamine use disorder. High arousal in the impulsive system has been proposed to compromise the executive system's regulating ability (i.e. the dual-systems model). While interaction between these variables may partly explain poor treatment outcomes associated with methamphetamine use disorder, previous research has tended to examine each factor separately. We investigated whether high impulsivity (measured with an impulsive choice task) and poor executive function (measured with a working memory task) predict methamphetamine use (determined by hair sample) in the 6 weeks following treatment commencement. We also investigated whether impulsive choice moderates the relationship between working memory and methamphetamine use. One hundred and eight individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (75 percent male) were tested within 3 weeks of commencing treatment; 80 (74 percent) were followed up 6 weeks following baseline testing. Cognitive measures significantly predicted drug use after controlling for nuisance variables. Working memory was a significant predictor, while impulsive choice was not. The interaction model included working memory as a predictor and impulsive choice as a moderator. This model was significant, as was the interaction term. Working memory significantly predicted levels of methamphetamine use in early treatment, and impulsive choice moderated this relationship. Those with working memory deficits are particularly vulnerable to using greater amounts of methamphetamine. As working memory increased methamphetamine use decreased among individuals with low/medium delay discounting. Pre-treatment cognitive testing may identify patients at high risk, while remediation of working memory function may be a treatment target for reducing methamphetamine use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Rubenis
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Rebecca E. Fitzpatrick
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Dan I. Lubman
- Turning Point Eastern Health Fitzroy VIC 3065 Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School Monash University Fitzroy VIC 3065 Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo‐Garcia
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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Rubenis AJ, Fitzpatrick RE, Lubman DI, Verdejo-Garcia A. Sustained attention but not effort-based decision-making predicts treatment motivation change in people with methamphetamine dependence. J Subst Abuse Treat 2018; 95:48-54. [PMID: 30352670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early treatment motivation is a meaningful predictor of clinical outcomes in the context of methamphetamine dependence (MD). Cognitive deficits associated with MD can have a significant impact on motivational fluctuations during early treatment. We specifically examined if sustained attention and effort-based decision-making predict early treatment motivation change in individuals with MD. We hypothesised that both variables would be significant predictors of individual differences in treatment motivation change. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal, observational, cohort study on individuals with MD (N = 72, Age, M = 31.1, SD = 7.3, 29% female). Participants were assessed with cognitive tests of sustained attention (continuous performance test) and effort-based decision-making (effort expenditure for rewards task) within three weeks of entering treatment and rated their treatment motivation at baseline and at follow up six weeks later (n = 50). Multiple regression was used to examine the predictive value of cognitive variables after controlling for nuisance variables. RESULTS Cognitive measures significantly predicted change in treatment motivation after accounting for nuisance variables, F(5,43) = 2.89, p = .025. Analysis of individual predictors showed that sustained attention, but not decision-making, was a significant negative predictor of improvement in treatment motivation (β = -0.34, p = .015). CONCLUSIONS Poorer attentional function was associated with limited improvement in motivation during early treatment. These findings help to characterise cognitive predictors of treatment motivation and suggest directions for tailored treatment programs. Individuals entering treatment with attentional deficits may benefit from adjustments to therapy and/or cognitive remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Rubenis
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Rebecca E Fitzpatrick
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia; Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Rubenis AJ, Fitzpatrick RE, Lubman DI, Verdejo-Garcia A. Impulsivity predicts poorer improvement in quality of life during early treatment for people with methamphetamine dependence. Addiction 2018; 113:668-676. [PMID: 28987070 DOI: 10.1111/add.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Methamphetamine dependence is associated with heightened impulsivity and diminished quality of life, but the link between impulsivity and changes in quality of life during treatment has not been examined. We aimed to investigate how different elements of impulsivity predict change in quality of life in the 6 weeks after engaging in treatment. DESIGN Longitudinal, observational cohort study. SETTING Public and private detoxification and rehabilitation facilities in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and eight individuals with methamphetamine dependence (81 male) tested within 3 weeks of commencing treatment; 80 (74%) were followed-up at 6 weeks. MEASUREMENTS The Continuous Performance Test-2 measured impulsive action (cognitive and motor impulsivity); the Delay Discounting Task measured impulsive choice. Quality of life was measured with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief, which includes social, psychological, physical and environment domains. Control variables included age, gender, estimated IQ, depression severity score, methamphetamine dependence severity score, cannabis dependence severity score and treatment modality. FINDINGS We found that all three forms of impulsivity were significant predictors of change in the social domain: motor impulsivity (β = -0.54, P = 0.013), cognitive impulsivity (β = -0.46, P = 0.029) and impulsive choice (β = -0.26, P = 0.019). Change in the psychological domain was predicted significantly by motor impulsivity (β = -0.45, P = 0.046). Control variables of age and depression were associated significantly with changes in the physical domain. CONCLUSIONS In Australian methamphetamine-dependent individuals, elevated impulsivity predicts lower improvement of social and psychological quality of life in the first 6-9 weeks of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Rubenis
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca E Fitzpatrick
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Cservenka A, Ray LA. Self-reported attentional and motor impulsivity are related to age at first methamphetamine use. Addict Behav 2017; 65:7-12. [PMID: 27701027 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methamphetamine (MA) users report higher levels of impulsivity relative to healthy controls, which may either result from, or precede, their substance use. Further, there is evidence that female MA users may be more impulsive than male MA users prior to MA use. Thus, the goal of the current study was to determine whether different subtraits of self-reported impulsivity are significantly related to age at first MA use, controlling for total years of MA use. METHODS A community sample of MA users was recruited for this study (N=157; 113 males, 44 females). The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was used to assess self-reported impulsivity on three subscales (Attentional, Motor, Non-planning). Age at first MA use served as the dependent variable in a series of multiple regression models with BIS-11 subscales, sex, and their interaction as independent variables, controlling for total years of MA use. RESULTS Attentional and Motor impulsivity were significantly related to age at first MA use when controlling for total years of MA use (Attentional: p=0.008; Motor: p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Individuals who reported higher Attentional and Motor impulsivity started using MA at an earlier age, which could suggest that impulsivity levels may be an important marker of vulnerability towards MA use. These findings indicate that prevention efforts may be targeted towards individuals who report high levels of Attentional and Motor impulsivity, as they may be at greatest risk for earlier initiation of MA use.
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