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Mei T, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Li Y. Hypoxia treatment and resistance training alters microRNA profiling in rats skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8388. [PMID: 38600177 PMCID: PMC11006875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58996-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may play a crucial regulatory role in the process of muscle atrophy induced by high-altitude hypoxia and its amelioration through resistance training. However, research in this aspect is still lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to employ miRNA microarray analysis to investigate the expression profile of miRNAs in skeletal muscle from an animal model of hypoxia-induced muscle atrophy and resistance training aimed at mitigating muscle atrophy. The study utilized a simulated hypoxic environment (oxygen concentration at 11.2%) to induce muscle atrophy and established a rat model of resistance training using ladder climbing, with a total intervention period of 4 weeks. The miRNA expression profile revealed 9 differentially expressed miRNAs influenced by hypoxia (e.g., miR-341, miR-32-5p, miR-465-5p) and 14 differentially expressed miRNAs influenced by resistance training under hypoxic conditions (e.g., miR-338-5p, miR-203a-3p, miR-92b-3p) (∣log2(FC)∣ ≥ 1.5, p < 0.05). The differentially expressed miRNAs were found to target genes involved in muscle protein synthesis and degradation (such as Utrn, mdm2, eIF4E), biological processes (such as negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent), and signaling pathways (such as Wnt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, mTOR signaling pathway). This study provides a foundation for understanding and further exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced rats muscle atrophy and the mitigation of atrophy through resistance training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Mei
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Hu
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Chrysostomou E, Mourikis P. The extracellular matrix niche of muscle stem cells. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 158:123-150. [PMID: 38670702 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Preserving the potency of stem cells in adult tissues is very demanding and relies on the concerted action of various cellular and non-cellular elements in a precise stoichiometry. This balanced microenvironment is found in specific anatomical "pockets" within the tissue, known as the stem cell niche. In this review, we explore the interplay between stem cells and their niches, with a primary focus on skeletal muscle stem cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Quiescent muscle stem cells, known as satellite cells are active producers of a diverse array of ECM molecules, encompassing major constituents like collagens, laminins, and integrins, some of which are explored in this review. The conventional perception of ECM as merely a structural scaffold is evolving. Collagens can directly interact as ligands with receptors on satellite cells, while other ECM proteins have the capacity to sequester growth factors and regulate their release, especially relevant during satellite cell turnover in homeostasis or activation upon injury. Additionally, we explore an evolutionary perspective on the ECM across a range of multicellular organisms and discuss a model wherein satellite cells are self-sustained by generating their own niche. Considering the prevalence of ECM proteins in the connective tissue of various organs it is not surprising that mutations in ECM genes have pathological implications, including in muscle, where they can lead to myopathies. However, the particular role of certain disease-related ECM proteins in stem cell maintenance highlights the potential contribution of stem cell deregulation to the progression of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Chrysostomou
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research (IMRB), Créteil, France
| | - Philippos Mourikis
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research (IMRB), Créteil, France.
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O’Brien JG, Willis AB, Long AM, Kwon J, Lee G, Li FW, Page PG, Vo AH, Hadhazy M, Spencer MJ, Crosbie RH, Demonbreun AR, McNally EM. The super-healing MRL strain promotes muscle growth in muscular dystrophy through a regenerative extracellular matrix. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e173246. [PMID: 38175727 PMCID: PMC11143963 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The Murphy Roths Large (MRL) mouse strain has "super-healing" properties that enhance recovery from injury. In mice, the DBA/2J strain intensifies many aspects of muscular dystrophy, so we evaluated the ability of the MRL strain to suppress muscular dystrophy in the Sgcg-null mouse model of limb girdle muscular dystrophy. A comparative analysis of Sgcg-null mice in the DBA/2J versus MRL strains showed greater myofiber regeneration, with reduced structural degradation of muscle in the MRL strain. Transcriptomic profiling of dystrophic muscle indicated strain-dependent expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) and TGF-β signaling genes. To investigate the MRL ECM, cellular components were removed from dystrophic muscle sections to generate decellularized myoscaffolds. Decellularized myoscaffolds from dystrophic mice in the protective MRL strain had significantly less deposition of collagen and matrix-bound TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 throughout the matrix. Dystrophic myoscaffolds from the MRL background, but not the DBA/2J background, were enriched in myokines like IGF-1 and IL-6. C2C12 myoblasts seeded onto decellularized matrices from Sgcg-/- MRL and Sgcg-/- DBA/2J muscles showed the MRL background induced greater myoblast differentiation compared with dystrophic DBA/2J myoscaffolds. Thus, the MRL background imparts its effect through a highly regenerative ECM, which is active even in muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G. O’Brien
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alexander B. Willis
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ashlee M. Long
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jason Kwon
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - GaHyun Lee
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Frank W. Li
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick G.T. Page
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andy H. Vo
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michele Hadhazy
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Melissa J. Spencer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rachelle H. Crosbie
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexis R. Demonbreun
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Ridder LO, Stochholm K, Mortensen KH, Andersen NH, Gravholt CH. The TGFβ system and TIMP1 and 3 genotypes in Turner syndrome-Relation with aortic congenital malformations. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2023; 99:545-551. [PMID: 36890688 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular complications and congenital malformations are known traits in Turner syndrome (TS), which increases mortality. Women with TS have varying phenotype and cardiovascular risks. A biomarker assessing the risk for cardiovascular complications could potentially reduce mortality in high-risk TS and reduce screening in TS participants with low cardiovascular risk. DESIGN, PATIENTS, PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS As part of a study initiated in 2002, 87 TS participants and 64 controls were invited to magnetic resonance imaging of the aorta, anthropometry, and biochemical markers. TS participants were re-examined thrice lastly in 2016. The focus of this paper is the additional measurements of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP's), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP), peripheral blood DNA and their associations with TS and the cardiovascular risk and congenital heart disease. RESULTS TS participants had lower TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 values compared to controls. snp11547635 heterozygosity was not associated with any biomarkers but was associated with increased risk of aortic regurgitation. TIMP4 and TGFβ1 were correlated with the aortic diameter at several measuring positions. During follow-up, the antihypertensive treatment decreased the descending aortic diameter and increased TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 levels in TS. CONCLUSION TGFβ and TIMP's are altered in TS and may play a role in the development of coarctation and dilated aorta. snp11547635 heterozygosity was not found to impact biochemical markers. Further studies should investigate these biomarkers to further unravel the pathogenesis of the increased cardiovascular risk in TS participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Ochsner Ridder
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kirstine Stochholm
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Claus Højbjerg Gravholt
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Mázala DAG, Hindupur R, Moon YJ, Shaikh F, Gamu IH, Alladi D, Panci G, Weiss-Gayet M, Chazaud B, Partridge TA, Novak JS, Jaiswal JK. Altered muscle niche contributes to myogenic deficit in the D2-mdx model of severe DMD. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:224. [PMID: 37402716 PMCID: PMC10319851 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of dystrophin expression is the underlying genetic basis for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, disease severity varies between patients, based on specific genetic modifiers. D2-mdx is a model for severe DMD that exhibits exacerbated muscle degeneration and failure to regenerate even in the juvenile stage of the disease. We show that poor regeneration of juvenile D2-mdx muscles is associated with an enhanced inflammatory response to muscle damage that fails to resolve efficiently and supports the excessive accumulation of fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs), leading to increased fibrosis. Unexpectedly, the extent of damage and degeneration in juvenile D2-mdx muscle is significantly reduced in adults, and is associated with the restoration of the inflammatory and FAP responses to muscle injury. These improvements enhance regenerative myogenesis in the adult D2-mdx muscle, reaching levels comparable to the milder B10-mdx model of DMD. Ex vivo co-culture of healthy satellite cells (SCs) with juvenile D2-mdx FAPs reduces their fusion efficacy. Wild-type juvenile D2 mice also manifest regenerative myogenic deficit and glucocorticoid treatment improves their muscle regeneration. Our findings indicate that aberrant stromal cell responses contribute to poor regenerative myogenesis and greater muscle degeneration in juvenile D2-mdx muscles and reversal of this reduces pathology in adult D2-mdx muscle, identifying these responses as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi A G Mázala
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health Professions, Towson University, Towson, MD, 21252, USA
| | - Ravi Hindupur
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
| | - Young Jae Moon
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Fatima Shaikh
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
| | - Iteoluwakishi H Gamu
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
| | - Dhruv Alladi
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
| | - Georgiana Panci
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, INSERM U1513, CNRS UMR 5261, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Michèle Weiss-Gayet
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, INSERM U1513, CNRS UMR 5261, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Chazaud
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, INSERM U1513, CNRS UMR 5261, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Terence A Partridge
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - James S Novak
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA.
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, 20012, USA.
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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O’Brien JG, Willis AB, Long AM, Kwon J, Lee G, Li F, Page PG, Vo AH, Hadhazy M, Crosbie RH, Demonbreun AR, McNally EM. The super-healing MRL strain promotes muscle growth in muscular dystrophy through a regenerative extracellular matrix. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.29.547098. [PMID: 37425960 PMCID: PMC10327155 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.29.547098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Genetic background shifts the severity of muscular dystrophy. In mice, the DBA/2J strain confers a more severe muscular dystrophy phenotype, whereas the Murphy's Roth Large (MRL) strain has "super-healing" properties that reduce fibrosis. A comparative analysis of the Sgcg null model of Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy in the DBA/2J versus MRL strain showed the MRL background was associated with greater myofiber regeneration and reduced structural degradation of muscle. Transcriptomic profiling of dystrophic muscle in the DBA/2J and MRL strains indicated strain-dependent expression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and TGF-β signaling genes. To investigate the MRL ECM, cellular components were removed from dystrophic muscle sections to generate decellularized "myoscaffolds". Decellularized myoscaffolds from dystrophic mice in the protective MRL strain had significantly less deposition of collagen and matrix-bound TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 throughout the matrix, and dystrophic myoscaffolds from the MRL background were enriched in myokines. C2C12 myoblasts were seeded onto decellularized matrices from Sgcg-/- MRL and Sgcg-/- DBA/2J matrices. Acellular myoscaffolds from the dystrophic MRL background induced myoblast differentiation and growth compared to dystrophic myoscaffolds from the DBA/2J matrices. These studies establish that the MRL background also generates its effect through a highly regenerative ECM, which is active even in muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G. O’Brien
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Alexander B. Willis
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ashlee M. Long
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jason Kwon
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - GaHyun Lee
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Frank Li
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Patrick G.T. Page
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - Michele Hadhazy
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rachelle H. Crosbie
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Neurology David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Alexis R. Demonbreun
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Kotsaris G, Qazi TH, Bucher CH, Zahid H, Pöhle-Kronawitter S, Ugorets V, Jarassier W, Börno S, Timmermann B, Giesecke-Thiel C, Economides AN, Le Grand F, Vallecillo-García P, Knaus P, Geissler S, Stricker S. Odd skipped-related 1 controls the pro-regenerative response of fibro-adipogenic progenitors. NPJ Regen Med 2023; 8:19. [PMID: 37019910 PMCID: PMC10076435 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-023-00291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration requires the coordinated interplay of diverse tissue-resident- and infiltrating cells. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are an interstitial cell population that provides a beneficial microenvironment for muscle stem cells (MuSCs) during muscle regeneration. Here we show that the transcription factor Osr1 is essential for FAPs to communicate with MuSCs and infiltrating macrophages, thus coordinating muscle regeneration. Conditional inactivation of Osr1 impaired muscle regeneration with reduced myofiber growth and formation of excessive fibrotic tissue with reduced stiffness. Osr1-deficient FAPs acquired a fibrogenic identity with altered matrix secretion and cytokine expression resulting in impaired MuSC viability, expansion and differentiation. Immune cell profiling suggested a novel role for Osr1-FAPs in macrophage polarization. In vitro analysis suggested that increased TGFβ signaling and altered matrix deposition by Osr1-deficient FAPs actively suppressed regenerative myogenesis. In conclusion, we show that Osr1 is central to FAP function orchestrating key regenerative events such as inflammation, matrix secretion and myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kotsaris
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Taimoor H Qazi
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Christian H Bucher
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hafsa Zahid
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Biology and Computing IMPRS-BAC, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophie Pöhle-Kronawitter
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vladimir Ugorets
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Cell Signaling Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - William Jarassier
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5261, Inserm U1315, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Stefan Börno
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Timmermann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Fabien Le Grand
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, CNRS UMR 5261, Inserm U1315, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Pedro Vallecillo-García
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Cell Signaling Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Geissler
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BECAT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sigmar Stricker
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Musculoskeletal Development and Regeneration Group, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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Oldakovskiy V, Murashkin N, Lokhmatov M, Gusev A, Tupylenko A, Budkina T, Yatzik S, Dyakonova E, Abaykhanov R, Fisenko A. Our experience of using Losartan for esophageal stenosis in children with dystrophic form of congenital epidermolysis bullosa. J Pediatr Surg 2023; 58:619-623. [PMID: 36566169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is one of the most severe forms of congenital epidermolysis bullosa and characterized by the formation of many surgical complications. Esophageal stenosis is a common complication of DEB and occurs in almost 76% of cases. Balloon dilatation (BD) under X-ray control is the main therapeutic technique, however conservative treatment is necessary to prevent restenosis. The use of the drug losartan is promising due to its antifibrotic effect through the suppression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of losartan in the prevention of restenosis after BD of esophageal stenosis in children with DEB. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 19 children from 2 to 16 years old (mean age 9.2 ± 3.58 years) with DEB and X-ray confirmed esophageal stenosis. All children underwent BD. In the main group 9 children after BD have received losartan, in the control group of 10 children - only standard therapy. The observation period was 12 months. RESULTS In the main group, 1 child (11.1%) required repeated dilatation, in the control group - 4 children (40%). Indicators of nutritional deficiency (THINC scale) and the disease severity index (EBDASI) were significantly lower in the group of children treated with losartan. No undesirable actions of the drug were recorded. CONCLUSIONS In this study losartan showed its safety, contributed to a decrease in the restenosis frequency and an improvement in the nutritional status of children with DEB after BD. However, further studies are required to confirm its effectiveness. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Oldakovskiy
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Murashkin
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim Lokhmatov
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey Gusev
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya str. 6, 117198, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Artem Tupylenko
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Budkina
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Yatzik
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Dyakonova
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rasul Abaykhanov
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Fisenko
- The National Medical Research Center of Children's Health, Lomonosovskiy prospect, 2/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Mázala DAG, Hindupur R, Moon YJ, Shaikh F, Gamu IH, Alladi D, Panci G, Weiss-Gayet M, Chazaud B, Partridge TA, Novak JS, Jaiswal JK. Altered muscle niche contributes to myogenic deficit in the D2- mdx model of severe DMD. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.27.534413. [PMID: 37034785 PMCID: PMC10081277 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.27.534413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lack of dystrophin is the genetic basis for the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, disease severity varies between patients, based on specific genetic modifiers. D2- mdx is a model for severe DMD that exhibits exacerbated muscle degeneration and failure to regenerate even in the juvenile stage of the disease. We show that poor regeneration of juvenile D2- mdx muscles is associated with enhanced inflammatory response to muscle damage that fails to resolve efficiently and supports excessive accumulation of fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Unexpectedly, the extent of damage and degeneration of juvenile D2- mdx muscle is reduced in adults and is associated with the restoration of the inflammatory and FAP responses to muscle injury. These improvements enhance myogenesis in the adult D2- mdx muscle, reaching levels comparable to the milder (B10- mdx ) mouse model of DMD. Ex vivo co-culture of healthy satellite cells (SCs) with the juvenile D2- mdx FAPs reduced their fusion efficacy and in vivo glucocorticoid treatment of juvenile D2 mouse improved muscle regeneration. Our findings indicate that aberrant stromal cell response contributes to poor myogenesis and greater muscle degeneration in dystrophic juvenile D2- mdx muscles and reversal of this reduces pathology in adult D2- mdx mouse muscle, identifying these as therapeutic targets to treat dystrophic DMD muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi A. G. Mázala
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health Professions, Towson University, Towson, MD, 21252, USA
| | - Ravi Hindupur
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
| | - Young Jae Moon
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Orthopaedic Surgery, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Fatima Shaikh
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
| | - Iteoluwakishi H. Gamu
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
| | - Dhruv Alladi
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
| | - Georgiana Panci
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, INSERM U1513, CNRS UMR 5261, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Michèle Weiss-Gayet
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, INSERM U1513, CNRS UMR 5261, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Chazaud
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Unité Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, INSERM U1513, CNRS UMR 5261, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Terence A. Partridge
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| | - James S. Novak
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
| | - Jyoti K. Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Research Institute, Children’s National Research and Innovation Campus, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, D.C., 20012, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C., 20052, USA
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10
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Genetic Analysis of HIBM Myopathy-Specific GNE V727M Hotspot Mutation Identifies a Novel COL6A3 Allied Gene Signature That Is Also Deregulated in Multiple Neuromuscular Diseases and Myopathies. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030567. [PMID: 36980840 PMCID: PMC10048522 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The GNE-associated V727M mutation is one of the most prevalent ethnic founder mutations in the Asian HIBM cohort; however, its role in inducing disease phenotype remains largely elusive. In this study, the function of this hotspot mutation was profoundly investigated. For this, V727M mutation-specific altered expression profile and potential networks were explored. The relevant muscular disorder-specific in vivo studies and patient data were further analyzed, and the key altered molecular pathways were identified. Our study found that the GNEV727M mutation resulted in a deregulated lincRNA profile, the majority of which (91%) were associated with a down-regulation trend. Further, in silico analysis of associated targets showed their active role in regulating Wnt, TGF-β, and apoptotic signaling. Interestingly, COL6a3 was found as a key target of these lincRNAs. Further, GSEA analysis showed HIBM patients with variable COL6A3 transcript levels have significant alteration in many critical pathways, including epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, myogenesis, and apoptotic signaling. Interestingly, 12 of the COL6A3 coexpressed genes also showed a similar altered expression profile in HIBM. A similar altered trend in COL6A3 and coexpressed genes were found in in vivo HIBM disease models as well as in multiple other skeletal disorders. Thus, the COL6A3-specific 13 gene signature seems to be altered in multiple muscular disorders. Such deregulation could play a pivotal role in regulating many critical processes such as extracellular matrix organization, cell adhesion, and skeletal muscle development. Thus, investigating this novel COL6A3-specific 13 gene signature provides valuable information for understanding the molecular cause of HIBM and may also pave the way for better diagnosis and effective therapeutic strategies for many muscular disorders.
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11
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Torregrosa C, Chorin F, Beltran EEM, Neuzillet C, Cardot-Ruffino V. Physical Activity as the Best Supportive Care in Cancer: The Clinician's and the Researcher's Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5402. [PMID: 36358820 PMCID: PMC9655932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidisciplinary supportive care, integrating the dimensions of exercise alongside oncological treatments, is now regarded as a new paradigm to improve patient survival and quality of life. Its impact is important on the factors that control tumor development, such as the immune system, inflammation, tissue perfusion, hypoxia, insulin resistance, metabolism, glucocorticoid levels, and cachexia. An increasing amount of research has been published in the last years on the effects of physical activity within the framework of oncology, marking the appearance of a new medical field, commonly known as "exercise oncology". This emerging research field is trying to determine the biological mechanisms by which, aerobic exercise affects the incidence of cancer, the progression and/or the appearance of metastases. We propose an overview of the current state of the art physical exercise interventions in the management of cancer patients, including a pragmatic perspective with tips for routine practice. We then develop the emerging mechanistic views about physical exercise and their potential clinical applications. Moving toward a more personalized, integrated, patient-centered, and multidisciplinary management, by trying to understand the different interactions between the cancer and the host, as well as the impact of the disease and the treatments on the different organs, this seems to be the most promising method to improve the care of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Torregrosa
- Oncologie Digestive, Département d’Oncologie Médicale Institut Curie, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin—Université Paris Saclay, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
- Département de Chirurgie Digestive et Oncologique, Hôpital Universitaire Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 9 avenue Charles de Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Frédéric Chorin
- Laboratoire Motricité Humaine, Expertise, Sport, Santé (LAMHESS), HEALTHY Graduate School, Université Côte d’Azur, 06205 Nice, France
- Clinique Gériatrique du Cerveau et du Mouvement, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, 06205 Nice, France
| | - Eva Ester Molina Beltran
- Oncologie Digestive, Département d’Oncologie Médicale Institut Curie, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin—Université Paris Saclay, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Oncologie Digestive, Département d’Oncologie Médicale Institut Curie, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin—Université Paris Saclay, 35, rue Dailly, 92210 Saint-Cloud, France
- GERCOR, 151 rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Victoire Cardot-Ruffino
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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12
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Dimcheva M, Karakuneva S, Titianova Е. Gastrocnemius Muscle Contraction and Its Role in Orthostatic Anti-Gravity Adjustment – The Effects of Body Mass Index. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a global concern with severe detrimental health and economic effect. Body mass index (BMI) is an inexpensive, non-invasive indicator for different diseases, and associated with abnormal weight.
AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between BMI and the contraction of gastrocnemius muscle (GM) and its possible role in peripheral muscle pump activity and pathogenesis of orthostatic intolerance.
METHODS: One hundred and four volunteers (63 women and 41 men, mean age 39 ± 14 years) were divided into three subgroups according to their BMI values (with normal weight, overweight, and obesity). Changes in the transverse diameter and pennation angle of GM at rest and during maximal active plantar flexion (MAPF) were measured with multimodal ultrasound imaging. An active orthostatic test was performed and changes in systemic blood pressure and heart rate in supine position and active standing on the 1st, 5th, and 10th min were monitored. The results were statistically processed with alternative, variational, and correlational analysis.
RESULTS: Patients with abnormal BMI were significantly older and had higher anthropometrical parameters compared to the subgroup with normal weight. They showed a significantly larger diameter and pennation angles at rest and during maximal active plantar flexion of GM bilaterally, which was more pronounced for the dominant right leg. However, the amount of changes in the GM diameter and pennation angles was similar in the different subgroups.
CONCLUSION: The study showed that BMI affects predominantly the initial values of GM parameters at rest and MAPF without influence on its antigravity contractility associated with active straightening.
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13
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Yedigaryan L, Sampaolesi M. Therapeutic Implications of miRNAs for Muscle-Wasting Conditions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113035. [PMID: 34831256 PMCID: PMC8616481 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that are mainly involved in translational repression by binding to specific messenger RNAs. Recently, miRNAs have emerged as biomarkers, relevant for a multitude of pathophysiological conditions, and cells can selectively sort miRNAs into extracellular vesicles for paracrine and endocrine effects. In the overall context of muscle-wasting conditions, a multitude of miRNAs has been implied as being responsible for the typical dysregulation of anabolic and catabolic pathways. In general, chronic muscle disorders are associated with the main characteristic of a substantial loss in muscle mass. Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a group of genetic diseases that cause muscle weakness and degeneration. Typically, MDs are caused by mutations in those genes responsible for upholding the integrity of muscle structure and function. Recently, the dysregulation of miRNA levels in such pathological conditions has been reported. This revelation is imperative for both MDs and other muscle-wasting conditions, such as sarcopenia and cancer cachexia. The expression levels of miRNAs have immense potential for use as potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Understanding the role of miRNAs in muscle-wasting conditions may lead to the development of novel strategies for the improvement of patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Yedigaryan
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Maurilio Sampaolesi
- Translational Cardiomyology Laboratory, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Histology and Medical Embryology Unit, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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14
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Ohlendieck K, Swandulla D. Complexity of skeletal muscle degeneration: multi-systems pathophysiology and organ crosstalk in dystrophinopathy. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1813-1839. [PMID: 34553265 PMCID: PMC8599371 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02623-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a highly progressive muscle wasting disorder due to primary abnormalities in one of the largest genes in the human genome, the DMD gene, which encodes various tissue-specific isoforms of the protein dystrophin. Although dystrophinopathies are classified as primary neuromuscular disorders, the body-wide abnormalities that are associated with this disorder and the occurrence of organ crosstalk suggest that a multi-systems pathophysiological view should be taken for a better overall understanding of the complex aetiology of X-linked muscular dystrophy. This article reviews the molecular and cellular effects of deficiency in dystrophin isoforms in relation to voluntary striated muscles, the cardio-respiratory system, the kidney, the liver, the gastrointestinal tract, the nervous system and the immune system. Based on the establishment of comprehensive biomarker signatures of X-linked muscular dystrophy using large-scale screening of both patient specimens and genetic animal models, this article also discusses the potential usefulness of novel disease markers for more inclusive approaches to differential diagnosis, prognosis and therapy monitoring that also take into account multi-systems aspects of dystrophinopathy. Current therapeutic approaches to combat muscular dystrophy are summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Co. Kildare, Maynooth, W23F2H6, Ireland.
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Maynooth, W23F2H6, Ireland.
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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15
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Demonbreun AR, Fallon KS, Oosterbaan CC, Vaught LA, Reiser NL, Bogdanovic E, Velez MP, Salamone IM, Page PGT, Hadhazy M, Quattrocelli M, Barefield DY, Wood LD, Gonzalez JP, Morris C, McNally EM. Anti-latent TGFβ binding protein 4 antibody improves muscle function and reduces muscle fibrosis in muscular dystrophy. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabf0376. [PMID: 34516828 PMCID: PMC9559620 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy, like other muscular dystrophies, is a progressive disorder hallmarked by muscle degeneration, inflammation, and fibrosis. Latent transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) binding protein 4 (LTBP4) is an extracellular matrix protein found in muscle. LTBP4 sequesters and inhibits a precursor form of TGFβ. LTBP4 was originally identified from a genome-wide search for genetic modifiers of muscular dystrophy in mice, where there are two different alleles. The protective form of LTBP4, which contains an insertion of 12 amino acids in the protein’s hinge region, was linked to increased sequestration of latent TGFβ, enhanced muscle membrane stability, and reduced muscle fibrosis. The deleterious form of LTBP4 protein, lacking 12 amino acids, was more susceptible to proteolysis and promoted release of latent TGF-β, and together, these data underscored the functional role of LTBP4’s hinge. Here, we generated a monoclonal human anti-LTBP4 antibody directed toward LTBP4’s hinge region. In vitro, anti-LTBP4 bound LTBP4 protein and reduced LTBP4 proteolytic cleavage. In isolated myofibers, the LTBP4 antibody stabilized the sarcolemma from injury. In vivo, anti-LTBP4 treatment of dystrophic mice protected muscle against force loss induced by eccentric contraction. Anti-LTBP4 treatment also reduced muscle fibrosis and enhanced muscle force production, including in the diaphragm muscle, where respiratory function was improved. Moreover, the anti-LTBP4 in combination with prednisone, a standard of care for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, further enhanced muscle function and protected against injury in mdx mice. These data demonstrate the potential of anti-LTBP4 antibodies to treat muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis R Demonbreun
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Katherine S Fallon
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Claire C Oosterbaan
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lauren A Vaught
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nina L Reiser
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elena Bogdanovic
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Matthew P Velez
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Isabella M Salamone
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Patrick G T Page
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michele Hadhazy
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - David Y Barefield
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth M McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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16
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Saadat S, Noureddini M, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Nazemi S, Shojaie L, Aschner M, Maleki B, Abbasi-Kolli M, Rajabi Moghadam H, Alani B, Mirzaei H. Pivotal Role of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in Cardiac Fibrosis: Non-coding RNAs as Effectual Players. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:588347. [PMID: 33569393 PMCID: PMC7868343 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.588347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unintended cardiac fibroblast proliferation in many pathophysiological heart conditions, known as cardiac fibrosis, results in pooling of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the heart muscle. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) as a pivotal cytokine/growth factor stimulates fibroblasts and hastens ECM production in injured tissues. The TGF-β receptor is a heterodimeric receptor complex on the plasma membrane, made up from TGF-β type I, as well as type II receptors, giving rise to Smad2 and Smad3 transcription factors phosphorylation upon canonical signaling. Phosphorylated Smad2, Smad3, and cytoplasmic Smad4 intercommunicate to transfer the signal to the nucleus, culminating in provoked gene transcription. Additionally, TGF-β receptor complex activation starts up non-canonical signaling that lead to the mitogen-stimulated protein kinase cascade activation, inducing p38, JNK1/2 (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2), and ERK1/2 (extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2) signaling. TGF-β not only activates fibroblasts and stimulates them to differentiate into myofibroblasts, which produce ECM proteins, but also promotes fibroblast proliferation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators of numerous pathways along with cellular procedures. MicroRNAs and circular long ncRNAs, combined with long ncRNAs, are capable of affecting TGF-β/Smad signaling, leading to cardiac fibrosis. More comprehensive knowledge based on these processes may bring about new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for different cardiac disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Saadat
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Noureddini
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina Nazemi
- Vascular and Thorax Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Department of Medicine, Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Behnaz Maleki
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Rajabi Moghadam
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Behrang Alani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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17
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Hilliard BA, Amin M, Popoff SN, Barbe MF. Force dependent effects of chronic overuse on fibrosis-related genes and proteins in skeletal muscles. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:133-149. [PMID: 33030055 PMCID: PMC7718395 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2020.1828379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To examine the chronic effect of force on mRNA and protein expression levels of fibrosis-related genes in flexor digitorum muscles in a rat model of repetitive overuse injury that induces muscle fibrosis at high force levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two groups of rats were trained to perform a voluntary repetitive lever-pulling task at either a high (HFHR) or a low force (LFHR) for 18 weeks, while a control group (FRC) performed no task. RNA and protein were prepared from forelimb flexor digitorum muscles. Fibrosis-related gene RNA transcripts were evaluated using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and analyzed using the geometric mean of three housekeeping genes or the mean of each individually as reference. Protein levels were quantified using ELISA, western blot, or immunohistofluorescence. RESULTS Of eight fibrosis-related mRNAs examined, only FGF2 demonstrated a consistent significant increase in the HFHR group, compared to the FRC group. However, protein amounts of collagen type 1, collagen type 3, and TGFβ1 were significantly higher in the HFHR, compared to the FRC and LFHR groups, while CCN2 and FGF2 were higher in both HFHR and LFHR, compared to the FRC group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that there is steady-state transcription of fibrogenic genes in muscles with established fibrosis, implying that post-transcriptional processes are responsible for the increased protein levels of fibrotic factors during muscle overuse conditions. We hypothesize that targeting such pathways represents a valid approach to treat overuse injury. Alternatively, FGF2 gene expression may represent a valid target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mamta Amin
- Temple University, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Steven N. Popoff
- Temple University, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mary F. Barbe
- Temple University, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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18
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Gumpenberger M, Wessner B, Graf A, Narici MV, Fink C, Braun S, Hoser C, Blazevich AJ, Csapo R. Remodeling the Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix in Older Age-Effects of Acute Exercise Stimuli on Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197089. [PMID: 32992998 PMCID: PMC7583913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With advancing age, the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes fibrotic changes that may lead to increased muscle stiffness, injury susceptibility and strength loss. This study tested the potential of different exercises to counter these changes by stimulating the activity of genes associated with ECM remodeling. Twenty-six healthy men (66.9 ± 3.9 years) were stratified to two of four groups, performing unilateral (i) conventional resistance exercise, (ii) conventional resistance exercise followed by self-myofascial release (CEBR), (iii) eccentric-only exercise (ECC) or (iv) plyometric jumps (PLY). The non-trained leg served as control. Six hours post-exercise, vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were analyzed for the expression of genes associated with ECM collagen synthesis (COL1A1), matrix metallopeptidases (collagen degradation; MMPs) and peptidase inhibitors (TIMP1). Significant between-group differences were found for MMP3, MMP15 and TIMP1, with the greatest responses in MMP3 and TIMP1 seen in CEBR and in MMP15 in ECC. MMP9 (3.24–3.81-fold change) and COL1A1 (1.47–2.40-fold change) were increased in CEBR and PLY, although between-group differences were non-significant. The expression of ECM-related genes is exercise-specific, with CEBR and PLY triggering either earlier or stronger remodeling than other stimuli. Training studies will test whether execution of such exercises may help counter age-associated muscle fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Gumpenberger
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna 1150, Austria;
| | - Alexandra Graf
- Institute for Medical Statistics, CeMSIIS, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria;
| | - Marco V. Narici
- CirMyo Myology Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Christian Fink
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Sepp Braun
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Christian Hoser
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Gelenkpunkt Sports and Joint Surgery, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Anthony J. Blazevich
- Centre for Exercise and Sports Science Research (CESSR), School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall 6060, Austria; (M.G.); (C.F.); (S.B.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-50-8648-3887
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19
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Ehmsen JT, Höke A. Cellular and molecular features of neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy. Exp Neurol 2020; 331:113379. [PMID: 32533969 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenic atrophy refers to the loss of muscle mass and function that results directly from injury or disease of the peripheral nervous system. Individuals with neurogenic atrophy may experience reduced functional status and quality of life and, in some circumstances, reduced survival. Distinct pathological findings on muscle histology can aid in diagnosis of a neurogenic cause for muscle dysfunction, and provide indicators for the chronicity of denervation. Denervation induces pleiotypic responses in skeletal muscle, and the molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenic muscle atrophy appear to share common features with other causes of muscle atrophy, including activation of FOXO transcription factors and corresponding induction of ubiquitin-proteasomal and lysosomal degradation. In this review, we provide an overview of histologic features of neurogenic atrophy and a summary of current understanding of underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Ehmsen
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ahmet Höke
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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20
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Helmbacher F, Stricker S. Tissue cross talks governing limb muscle development and regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 104:14-30. [PMID: 32517852 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For decades, limb development has been a paradigm of three-dimensional patterning. Moreover, as the limb muscles and the other tissues of the limb's musculoskeletal system arise from distinct developmental sources, it has been a prime example of integrative morphogenesis and cross-tissue communication. As the limbs grow, all components of the musculoskeletal system (muscles, tendons, connective tissue, nerves) coordinate their growth and differentiation, ultimately giving rise to a functional unit capable of executing elaborate movement. While the molecular mechanisms governing global three-dimensional patterning and formation of the skeletal structures of the limbs has been a matter of intense research, patterning of the soft tissues is less understood. Here, we review the development of limb muscles with an emphasis on their interaction with other tissue types and the instructive roles these tissues play. Furthermore, we discuss the role of adult correlates of these embryonic accessory tissues in muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sigmar Stricker
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
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21
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Sun C, Choi IY, Rovira Gonzalez YI, Andersen P, Talbot CC, Iyer SR, Lovering RM, Wagner KR, Lee G. Duchenne muscular dystrophy hiPSC-derived myoblast drug screen identifies compounds that ameliorate disease in mdx mice. JCI Insight 2020; 5:134287. [PMID: 32343677 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.134287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common muscular dystrophy. In the present study, when human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were differentiated into myoblasts, the myoblasts derived from DMD patient hiPSCs (DMD hiPSC-derived myoblasts) exhibited an identifiable DMD-relevant phenotype: myogenic fusion deficiency. Based on this model, we developed a DMD hiPSC-derived myoblast screening platform employing a high-content imaging (BD Pathway 855) approach to generate parameters describing morphological as well as myogenic marker protein expression. Following treatment of the cells with 1524 compounds from the Johns Hopkins Clinical Compound Library, compounds that enhanced myogenic fusion of DMD hiPSC-derived myoblasts were identified. The final hits were ginsenoside Rd and fenofibrate. Transcriptional profiling revealed that ginsenoside Rd is functionally related to FLT3 signaling, while fenofibrate is linked to TGF-β signaling. Preclinical tests in mdx mice showed that treatment with these 2 hit compounds can significantly ameliorate some of the skeletal muscle phenotypes caused by dystrophin deficiency, supporting their therapeutic potential. Further study revealed that fenofibrate could inhibit mitochondrion-induced apoptosis in DMD hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. We have developed a platform based on DMD hiPSC-derived myoblasts for drug screening and identified 2 promising small molecules with in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congshan Sun
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Yazmin I Rovira Gonzalez
- Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, and
| | - Peter Andersen
- Institute for Cell Engineering.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C Conover Talbot
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Richard M Lovering
- Department of Orthopaedics and.,Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kathryn R Wagner
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gabsang Lee
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute for Cell Engineering
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22
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Yanai K, Kaneko S, Ishii H, Aomatsu A, Ito K, Hirai K, Ookawara S, Ishibashi K, Morishita Y. MicroRNAs in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:180. [PMID: 32549041 PMCID: PMC7270169 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, which is characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle, has been reported to contribute to development of physical disabilities, various illnesses, and increasing mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that inhibit translation of target messenger RNAs. Previous studies have shown that miRNAs play pivotal roles in the development of sarcopenia. Therefore, this systematic review focuses on miRNAs that regulate sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yanai
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shohei Kaneko
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishii
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akinori Aomatsu
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Division of Intensive Care Unit, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Ito
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keiji Hirai
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Susumu Ookawara
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ishibashi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Morishita
- Division of Nephrology, First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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23
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Chan SMH, Cerni C, Passey S, Seow HJ, Bernardo I, van der Poel C, Dobric A, Brassington K, Selemidis S, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R. Cigarette Smoking Exacerbates Skeletal Muscle Injury without Compromising Its Regenerative Capacity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:217-230. [PMID: 31461300 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0106oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease negatively impacts quality of life and survival. Cigarette smoking (CS) is the major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and skeletal muscle dysfunction; however, how CS affects skeletal muscle function remains enigmatic. To examine the impact of CS on skeletal muscle inflammation and regeneration, male BALB/c mice were exposed to CS for 8 weeks before muscle injury was induced by barium chloride injection, and were maintained on the CS protocol for up to 21 days after injury. Barium chloride injection resulted in architectural damage to the tibialis anterior muscle, resulting in a decrease contractile function, which was worsened by CS exposure. CS exposure caused muscle atrophy (reduction in gross weight and myofiber cross-sectional area) and altered fiber type composition (31% reduction of oxidative fibers). Both contractile function and loss in myofiber cross-sectional area by CS exposure gradually recovered over time. Satellite cells are muscle stem cells that confer skeletal muscle the plasticity to adapt to changing demands. CS exposure blunted Pax7+ centralized nuclei within satellite cells and thus prevented the activation of these muscle stem cells. Finally, CS triggered muscle inflammation; in particular, there was an exacerbated recruitment of F4/80+ monocytic cells to the site of injury along with enhanced proinflammatory cytokine expression. In conclusion, CS exposure amplified the local inflammatory response at the site of skeletal muscle injury, and this was associated with impaired satellite cell activation, leading to a worsened muscle injury and contractile function without detectable impacts on the recovery outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley M H Chan
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Claudia Cerni
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Samantha Passey
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Huei Jiunn Seow
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Ivan Bernardo
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Chris van der Poel
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aleksandar Dobric
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Kurt Brassington
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
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24
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Jones TI, Chew GL, Barraza-Flores P, Schreier S, Ramirez M, Wuebbles RD, Burkin DJ, Bradley RK, Jones PL. Transgenic mice expressing tunable levels of DUX4 develop characteristic facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy-like pathophysiology ranging in severity. Skelet Muscle 2020; 10:8. [PMID: 32278354 PMCID: PMC7149937 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-020-00227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background All types of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) are caused by the aberrant activation of the somatically silent DUX4 gene, the expression of which initiates a cascade of cellular events ultimately leading to FSHD pathophysiology. Typically, progressive skeletal muscle weakness becomes noticeable in the second or third decade of life, yet there are many individuals who are genetically FSHD but develop symptoms much later in life or remain relatively asymptomatic throughout their lives. Conversely, FSHD may clinically present prior to 5–10 years of age, ultimately manifesting as a severe early-onset form of the disease. These phenotypic differences are thought to be due to the timing and levels of DUX4 misexpression. Methods FSHD is a dominant gain-of-function disease that is amenable to modeling by DUX4 overexpression. We have recently created a line of conditional DUX4 transgenic mice, FLExDUX4, that develop a myopathy upon induction of human DUX4-fl expression in skeletal muscle. Here, we use the FLExDUX4 mouse crossed with the skeletal muscle-specific and tamoxifen-inducible line ACTA1-MerCreMer to generate a highly versatile bi-transgenic mouse model with chronic, low-level DUX4-fl expression and cumulative mild FSHD-like pathology that can be reproducibly induced to develop more severe pathology via tamoxifen induction of DUX4-fl in skeletal muscles. Results We identified conditions to generate FSHD-like models exhibiting reproducibly mild, moderate, or severe DUX4-dependent pathophysiology and characterized progression of pathology. We assayed DUX4-fl mRNA and protein levels, fitness, strength, global gene expression, and histopathology, all of which are consistent with an FSHD-like myopathic phenotype. Importantly, we identified sex-specific and muscle-specific differences that should be considered when using these models for preclinical studies. Conclusions The ACTA1-MCM;FLExDUX4 bi-transgenic mouse model has mild FSHD-like pathology and detectable muscle weakness. The onset and progression of more severe DUX4-dependent pathologies can be controlled via tamoxifen injection to increase the levels of mosaic DUX4-fl expression, providing consistent and readily screenable phenotypes for assessing therapies targeting DUX4-fl mRNA and/or protein and are useful to investigate certain conserved downstream FSHD-like pathophysiology. Overall, this model supports that DUX4 expression levels in skeletal muscle directly correlate with FSHD-like pathology by numerous metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako I Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Guo-Liang Chew
- Computational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Current Address: The Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pamela Barraza-Flores
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Spencer Schreier
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Monique Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Ryan D Wuebbles
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Dean J Burkin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Robert K Bradley
- Computational Biology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Peter L Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
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25
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Mázala DA, Novak JS, Hogarth MW, Nearing M, Adusumalli P, Tully CB, Habib NF, Gordish-Dressman H, Chen YW, Jaiswal JK, Partridge TA. TGF-β-driven muscle degeneration and failed regeneration underlie disease onset in a DMD mouse model. JCI Insight 2020; 5:135703. [PMID: 32213706 PMCID: PMC7213798 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.135703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a chronic muscle disease characterized by poor myogenesis and replacement of muscle by extracellular matrix. Despite the shared genetic basis, severity of these deficits varies among patients. One source of these variations is the genetic modifier that leads to increased TGF-β activity. While anti-TGF-β therapies are being developed to target muscle fibrosis, their effect on the myogenic deficit is underexplored. Our analysis of in vivo myogenesis in mild (C57BL/10ScSn-mdx/J and C57BL/6J-mdxΔ52) and severe DBA/2J-mdx (D2-mdx) dystrophic models reveals no defects in developmental myogenesis in these mice. However, muscle damage at the onset of disease pathology, or by experimental injury, drives up TGF-β activity in the severe, but not in the mild, dystrophic models. Increased TGF-β activity is accompanied by increased accumulation of fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) leading to fibro-calcification of muscle, together with failure of regenerative myogenesis. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling reduces muscle degeneration by blocking FAP accumulation without rescuing regenerative myogenesis. These findings provide in vivo evidence of early-stage deficit in regenerative myogenesis in D2-mdx mice and implicates TGF-β as a major component of a pathogenic positive feedback loop in this model, identifying this feedback loop as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi A.G. Mázala
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - James S. Novak
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine and
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marshall W. Hogarth
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marie Nearing
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Prabhat Adusumalli
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher B. Tully
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nayab F. Habib
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heather Gordish-Dressman
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine and
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine and
| | - Jyoti K. Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine and
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Terence A. Partridge
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine and
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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26
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Csapo R, Gumpenberger M, Wessner B. Skeletal Muscle Extracellular Matrix - What Do We Know About Its Composition, Regulation, and Physiological Roles? A Narrative Review. Front Physiol 2020; 11:253. [PMID: 32265741 PMCID: PMC7096581 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle represents the largest body-composition component in humans. In addition to its primary function in the maintenance of upright posture and the production of movement, it also plays important roles in many other physiological processes, including thermogenesis, metabolism and the secretion of peptides for communication with other tissues. Research attempting to unveil these processes has traditionally focused on muscle fibers, i.e., the contractile muscle cells. However, it is a frequently overlooked fact that muscle fibers reside in a three-dimensional scaffolding that consists of various collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and elastin, and is commonly referred to as extracellular matrix (ECM). While initially believed to be relatively inert, current research reveals the involvement of ECM cells in numerous important physiological processes. In interaction with other cells, such as fibroblasts or cells of the immune system, the ECM regulates muscle development, growth and repair and is essential for effective muscle contraction and force transmission. Since muscle ECM is highly malleable, its texture and, consequently, physiological roles may be affected by physical training and disuse, aging or various diseases, such as diabetes. With the aim to stimulate increased efforts to study this still poorly understood tissue, this narrative review summarizes the current body of knowledge on (i) the composition and structure of the ECM, (ii) molecular pathways involved in ECM remodeling, (iii) the physiological roles of muscle ECM, (iv) dysregulations of ECM with aging and disease as well as (v) the adaptations of muscle ECM to training and disuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism, UMIT - Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Austria
| | - Matthias Gumpenberger
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism, UMIT - Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Austria
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Department of Sports Medicine, Exercise Physiology and Prevention, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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27
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Melouane A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Extracellular matrix/mitochondria pathway: A novel potential target for sarcopenia. Mitochondrion 2020; 50:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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28
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Han B, Fan J, Liu L, Tian J, Gan C, Yang Z, Jiao H, Zhang T, Liu Z, Zhang H. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells treatments for fibroblasts of fibrotic scar via downregulating TGF-β1 and Notch-1 expression enhanced by photobiomodulation therapy. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Judge SM, Nosacka RL, Delitto D, Gerber MH, Cameron ME, Trevino JG, Judge AR. Skeletal Muscle Fibrosis in Pancreatic Cancer Patients with Respect to Survival. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2018; 2:pky043. [PMID: 30637373 PMCID: PMC6322478 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pky043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cachexia is a catabolic condition characterized by skeletal muscle wasting, consequent to tumor burden, which negatively impacts tolerance to cancer therapies and contributes to increased mortality. Partly because of the limited knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of cancer cachexia derived from human studies, however, the ability to therapeutically intervene remains elusive. The purpose of the current study was therefore to better define the phenotype of skeletal muscle obtained from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which has one of the highest rates of cachexia. Methods Morphological analyses were performed on rectus abdominis muscle biopsies obtained from resectable PDAC patients undergoing tumor resection surgery (N = 20) and from weight-stable non-cancer control subjects undergoing benign abdominal surgery (N = 16). PDAC patients with a body weight loss of greater than 5% during the previous 6 months were considered cachectic (N = 15). Statistical tests were two sided. Results Skeletal muscle from cachectic PDAC patients had increased collagen content compared with non-cancer control subjects (1.43% vs 9.66%, P = .0004, Dunn test). Across all PDAC patients, collagen content positively correlated with body weight loss (P = .0016, r = 0.672), was increased in patients with lymph node metastasis (P = .007, Mann-Whitney U test), and was associated with survival on univariate (HR = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02 to 1.04, P = .008) and multivariable analyses (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.17, P = .038). Cachectic PDAC patients also displayed increased lipid deposition (2.63% vs 5.72%, P = .042), infiltration of CD68+ macrophages (63.6 cells/mm2 vs 233.8 cells/mm2, P = .0238), calcium deposition (0.21% vs 2.51%, P = .030), and evidence of deficient cellular quality control mechanisms (Mann-Whitney U test). Transcriptional profiling of all patients supported these findings by identifying gene clusters related to wounding, inflammation, and cellular response to TGF-β upregulated in cachectic PDAC patients compared with non-cancer control subjects. Conclusions To our knowledge, this work is the first to demonstrate increased collagen content in cachectic PDAC patients that is associated with poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Rachel L Nosacka
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Daniel Delitto
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Michael H Gerber
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Miles E Cameron
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jose G Trevino
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL
| | - Andrew R Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL
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30
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Human Endometrial Regenerative Cells Attenuate Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:3475137. [PMID: 30147727 PMCID: PMC6083533 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3475137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial regenerative cells (ERCs) have been recently evaluated as an attractive novel type of stem cell therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated that most ERCs accumulated in the lung after injection and are successfully used to treat diseases such as cardiac fibrosis. However, relevant studies of ERCs in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have not been reported. The present study was designed to examine the effects of ERCs on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. All IPF models in C57BL/6 mice were induced by administrating 5 mg/kg bleomycin in PBS intratracheally. ERCs were isolated from healthy female menstrual blood and were injected (1 million/mouse, i.v.) 24 hours after induction. Wet/dry weight ratio assay, hydroxyproline content, pathological and immunohistological changes, MDA content, T-SOD activity, cytokine profiles, and RT-qPCR analysis were assessed 2 weeks after disease induction. The results showed that ERC treatment significantly decreased the wet/dry ratio and reduced collagen deposition. Histological analyses, Masson staining, and hydroxyproline content analysis indicated that ERCs could reduce collagen fiber production. Immunohistochemical staining revealed lower expression of TGF-β after ERC treatment. Furthermore, mice treated with ERCs had lower levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, but a higher level of IL-10 in both the lung and serum. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that ERCs potently suppressed the proapoptotic gene Bax, while increasing the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 and antifibrosis genes HGF and MMP-9. Our results indicate that human ERCs protected the lung from pulmonary fibrosis in mice through immunosuppressive and antifibrosis effects. Moreover, these findings formed a foundation for the further use of ERCs in clinical treatment.
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31
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Zhang P, Li W, Wang L, Liu H, Gong J, Wang F, Chen X. Salidroside Inhibits Myogenesis by Modulating p-Smad3-Induced Myf5 Transcription. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:209. [PMID: 29593538 PMCID: PMC5858519 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Salidroside is an active compound extracted from Rhodiola rosea which is used to alleviate fatigue and enhance endurance in high altitude regions. Some studies have demonstrated that salidroside can affect precursor cell differentiation in hematopoietic stem cells, erythrocytes, and osteoblasts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salidroside on myoblast differentiation and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of this effect. Methods: C2C12 myoblast cells were treated with different concentrations of salidroside in differentiation media. Real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assay were employed to evaluate the effects of salidroside on C2C12 differentiation. RNA interference was used to reveal the important role of Myf5 in myogenesis inhibited by salidroside. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assay were utilized to explore the underlying mechanisms of salidroside-induced upregulation of Myf5. Results: We found that salidroside inhibits myogenesis by downregulating MyoD and myogenin, preserves undifferentiated reserve cell pools by upregulating Myf5. Knocking down Myf5 expression significantly rescued the myogenesis inhibited by salidroside. The effect of salidroside on myogenesis was associated with increased phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3). Both SIS3 (Specific inhibitor of p-Smad3) and dominant negative Smad3 plasmid (DN-Smad3) attenuated the inhibitory effect of salidroside on C2C12 differentiation. Moreover, the induction of Myf5 transcription by salidroside was dependent on a Smad-binding site in the promoter region of Myf5 gene. Conclusion and Implications: Our findings identify a novel role and mechanism for salidroside in regulating myogenesis through p-Smad3-induced Myf5 transcription, which may have implications for its further application in combating degenerative muscular diseases caused by depletion of muscle stem cells, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy or sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hongju Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Gong
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
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Jones T, Jones PL. A cre-inducible DUX4 transgenic mouse model for investigating facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192657. [PMID: 29415061 PMCID: PMC5802938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Double homeobox 4 (DUX4) gene is an important regulator of early human development and its aberrant expression is causal for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). The DUX4-full length (DUX4-fl) mRNA splice isoform encodes a transcriptional activator; however, DUX4 and its unique DNA binding preferences are specific to old-world primates. Regardless, the somatic cytotoxicity caused by DUX4 expression is conserved when expressed in cells and animals ranging from fly to mouse. Thus, viable animal models based on DUX4-fl expression have been difficult to generate due in large part to overt developmental toxicity of low DUX4-fl expression from leaky transgenes. We have overcome this obstacle and here we report the generation and initial characterization of a line of conditional floxed DUX4-fl transgenic mice, FLExDUX4, that is viable and fertile. In the absence of cre, these mice express a very low level of DUX4-fl mRNA from the transgene, resulting in mild phenotypes. However, when crossed with appropriate cre-driver lines of mice, the double transgenic offspring readily express DUX4-fl mRNA, protein, and target genes with the spatiotemporal pattern of nuclear cre expression dictated by the chosen system. When cre is expressed from the ACTA1 skeletal muscle-specific promoter, the double transgenic animals exhibit a developmental myopathy. When crossed with tamoxifen-inducible cre lines, DUX4-mediated pathology can be induced in adult animals. Thus, the appearance and progression of pathology can be controlled to provide readily screenable phenotypes useful for assessing therapeutic approaches targeting DUX4-fl mRNA and protein. Overall, the FLExDUX4 line of mice is quite versatile and will allow new investigations into mechanisms of DUX4-mediated pathophysiology as well as much-needed pre-clinical testing of DUX4-targeted FSHD interventions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Peter L. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Frara N, Fisher PW, Zhao Y, Tarr JT, Amin M, Popoff SN, Barbe MF. Substance P increases CCN2 dependent on TGF-beta yet Collagen Type I via TGF-beta1 dependent and independent pathways in tenocytes. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:30-44. [PMID: 28399671 PMCID: PMC5581284 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1297809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFbeta-1) and connective tissue growth factor (CCN2) are important mediators of tissue repair and fibrosis, with CCN2 functioning as a downstream mediator of TGFβ-1. Substance P (SP) is also linked to collagen production in tenocytes. A link between SP, TGFbeta-1 and CCN2 has yet to be established in tenocytes or fibrogenic processes. We sought to determine whether SP induces tenocyte proliferation, CCN2, or collagen production via TGFbeta-1 signaling or independently in rat primary tenocytes. Tenocytes were isolated from rat tendons, cultured and stimulated by SP and/or TGFbeta-1. Cultured cells expressed proteins characteristic of tenocytes (vimentin and tenomodulin) and underwent increased proliferation dose dependently after SP and TGFbeta-1 treatments, alone or combined (more than SP alone when combined). SP induced TGFbeta-1 expression in tenocytes in both dose- and time-dependent manners. SP and TGFbeta-1, alone or combined, stimulated CCN2 expression in tenocytes and their supernatants after both 24 and 48 h of stimulation; a response blocked with addition of a TGFbeta-1 receptor inhibitor. In contrast, SP potentiated collagen type I secretion by tenocytes, a response abrogated by the TGFbeta-1 receptor inhibitor after 48 h of stimulation, but not after the shorter 24 h of stimulation. Our findings suggest that both SP and TGFbeta-1 can stimulate tenocyte fibrogenic processes, albeit differently. TGFbeta-1 pathway signaling was involved in CCN2 production at all time points examined, while SP induced collagen type I production independently prior to the onset of signaling through the TGFbeta-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mary F. Barbe
- Corresponding Author: Mary F. Barbe, PhD, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, 215/707-6422 phone, 215/707-2966 fax,
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34
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Quattrocelli M, Capote J, Ohiri JC, Warner JL, Vo AH, Earley JU, Hadhazy M, Demonbreun AR, Spencer MJ, McNally EM. Genetic modifiers of muscular dystrophy act on sarcolemmal resealing and recovery from injury. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1007070. [PMID: 29065150 PMCID: PMC5669489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic disruption of the dystrophin complex produces muscular dystrophy characterized by a fragile muscle plasma membrane leading to excessive muscle degeneration. Two genetic modifiers of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy implicate the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway, osteopontin encoded by the SPP1 gene and latent TGFβ binding protein 4 (LTBP4). We now evaluated the functional effect of these modifiers in the context of muscle injury and repair to elucidate their mechanisms of action. We found that excess osteopontin exacerbated sarcolemmal injury, and correspondingly, that loss of osteopontin reduced injury extent both in isolated myofibers and in muscle in vivo. We found that ablation of osteopontin was associated with reduced expression of TGFβ and TGFβ-associated pathways. We identified that increased TGFβ resulted in reduced expression of Anxa1 and Anxa6, genes encoding key components of the muscle sarcolemma resealing process. Genetic manipulation of Ltbp4 in dystrophic muscle also directly modulated sarcolemmal resealing, and Ltbp4 alleles acted in concert with Anxa6, a distinct modifier of muscular dystrophy. These data provide a model in which a feed forward loop of TGFβ and osteopontin directly impacts the capacity of muscle to recover from injury, and identifies an intersection of genetic modifiers on muscular dystrophy. Genetic modifiers for muscular dystrophy have been identified through transcriptomic and genomic profiling in humans and mouse models. Two modifiers, Ltbp4 and Spp1, encode extracellular proteins while a third modifier, Anxa6, specifies a membrane-associated protein. Using a model of muscle injury, we assessed the interaction of these modifiers, identifying a feed forward loop between Ltbp4 and Spp1 that promotes TGFβ signaling. This feed forward loop is expected to contribute to the progressive nature of muscular dystrophy. We also evaluated the interaction between Anxa6 and Ltbp4, identifying an additive effect of these two genetic modifiers.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Annexin A1/genetics
- Annexin A1/metabolism
- Annexin A6/genetics
- Annexin A6/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genes, Modifier
- Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins/physiology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Skeletal/injuries
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/pathology
- Osteopontin/genetics
- Osteopontin/metabolism
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Recovery of Function
- Sarcolemma/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Quattrocelli
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Joanna Capote
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joyce C. Ohiri
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - James L. Warner
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andy H. Vo
- Committee on Development, Regeneration, and Stem Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Judy U. Earley
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michele Hadhazy
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Alexis R. Demonbreun
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Melissa J. Spencer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth M. McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Hart DA, Fortuna R, Herzog W. Messenger RNA profiling of rabbit quadriceps femoris after repeat injections of botulinum toxin: Evidence for a dynamic pattern without further structural alterations. Muscle Nerve 2017; 57:487-493. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.25775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hart
- McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Rafael Fortuna
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Walter Herzog
- McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology; University of Calgary; 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
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36
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Martinez-Huenchullan S, McLennan SV, Verhoeven A, Twigg SM, Tam CS. The emerging role of skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling in obesity and exercise. Obes Rev 2017; 18:776-790. [PMID: 28474421 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling has been proposed as a new feature associated with obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Exercise training improves muscle function in obesity, which may be mediated by regulatory effects on the muscle extracellular matrix. This review examined available literature on skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling during obesity and the effects of exercise. A non-systematic literature review was performed on PubMed of publications from 1970 to 2015. A total of 37 studies from humans and animals were retained. Studies reported overall increases in gene and protein expression of different types of collagen, growth factors and enzymatic regulators of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix in obesity. Only two studies investigated the effects of exercise on skeletal muscle extracellular matrix during obesity, with both suggesting a regulatory effect of exercise. The effects of exercise on muscle extracellular matrix seem to be influenced by the duration and type of exercise training with variable effects from a single session compared with a longer duration of exercise. More studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodelling during obesity and the effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Martinez-Huenchullan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S V McLennan
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Verhoeven
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S M Twigg
- Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Laboratory and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - C S Tam
- Charles Perkins Centre and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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37
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Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB Influences Muscle Regeneration in Duchenne Muscle Dystrophy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:1814-1827. [PMID: 28618254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle fibers, and their substitution by fibrotic and adipose tissue. Many factors contribute to this process, but the molecular pathways related to regeneration and degeneration of muscle are not completely known. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB belongs to a family of growth factors that regulate proliferation, migration, and differentiation of mesenchymal cells. The role of PDGF-BB in muscle regeneration in humans has not been studied. We analyzed the expression of PDGF-BB in muscle biopsy samples from controls and patients with DMD. We performed in vitro experiments to understand the effects of PDGF-BB on myoblasts involved in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophies and confirmed our results in vivo by treating the mdx murine model of DMD with repeated i.m. injections of PDGF-BB. We observed that regenerating and necrotic muscle fibers in muscle biopsy samples from DMD patients expressed PDGF-BB. In vitro, PDGF-BB attracted myoblasts and activated their proliferation. Analysis of muscles from the animals treated with PDGF-BB showed an increased population of satellite cells and an increase in the number of regenerative fibers, with a reduction in inflammatory infiltrates, compared with those in vehicle-treated mice. Based on our results, PDGF-BB may play a protective role in muscular dystrophies by enhancing muscle regeneration through activation of satellite cell proliferation and migration.
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38
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The arterial microenvironment: the where and why of atherosclerosis. Biochem J 2017; 473:1281-95. [PMID: 27208212 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the large and medium sized arteries is classically driven by systemic factors, such as elevated cholesterol and blood pressure. However, work over the past several decades has established that atherosclerotic plaque development involves a complex coordination of both systemic and local cues that ultimately determine where plaques form and how plaques progress. Although current therapeutics for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease primarily target the systemic risk factors, a large array of studies suggest that the local microenvironment, including arterial mechanics, matrix remodelling and lipid deposition, plays a vital role in regulating the local susceptibility to plaque development through the regulation of vascular cell function. Additionally, these microenvironmental stimuli are capable of tuning other aspects of the microenvironment through collective adaptation. In this review, we will discuss the components of the arterial microenvironment, how these components cross-talk to shape the local microenvironment, and the effect of microenvironmental stimuli on vascular cell function during atherosclerotic plaque formation.
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39
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Electrical Stimulation Based on Chronaxie Increases Fibrosis and Modulates TWEAK/Fn14, TGF-β/Myostatin, and MMP Pathways in Denervated Muscles. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 96:260-267. [DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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40
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Miroshnychenko O, Chang WT, Dragoo JL. The Use of Platelet-Rich and Platelet-Poor Plasma to Enhance Differentiation of Skeletal Myoblasts: Implications for the Use of Autologous Blood Products for Muscle Regeneration. Am J Sports Med 2017; 45:945-953. [PMID: 28027451 DOI: 10.1177/0363546516677547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used to augment tissue repair and regeneration after musculoskeletal injury. However, there is increasing clinical evidence that PRP does not show a consistent clinical effect. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study aimed to compare the effects of the following non-neutrophil-containing (leukocyte-poor) plasma fractions on human skeletal muscle myoblast (HSMM) differentiation: (1) PRP, (2) modified PRP (Mod-PRP), in which transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and myostatin (MSTN) were depleted, and (3) platelet-poor plasma (PPP). The hypothesis was that leukocyte-poor PRP would lead to myoblast proliferation (not differentiation), whereas certain modifications of PRP preparations would increase myoblast differentiation, which is necessary for skeletal muscle regeneration. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Blood from 7 human donors was individually processed to simultaneously create leukocyte-poor fractions: PRP, Mod-PRP, PPP, and secondarily spun PRP and Mod-PRP (PRPss and Mod-PRPss, respectively). Mod-PRP was produced by removing TGF-β1 and MSTN from PRP using antibodies attached to sterile beads, while a second-stage centrifugal spin of PRP was performed to remove platelets. The biologics were individually added to cell culture groups. Analysis for induction into myoblast differentiation pathways included Western blot analysis, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry, as well as confocal microscopy to assess polynucleated myotubule formation. RESULTS HSMMs cultured with PRP showed an increase in proliferation but no evidence of differentiation. Western blot analysis confirmed that MSTN and TGF-β1 could be decreased in Mod-PRP using antibody-coated beads, but this modification mildly improved myoblast differentiation. However, cell culture with PPP, PRPss, and Mod-PRPss led to a decreased proliferation rate but a significant induction of myoblast differentiation verified by increased multinucleated myotubule formation and myosin heavy chain expression (mean 8-fold change in mRNA level; P < .05), which was comparable with 2% horse serum, the positive control. CONCLUSION PPP and leukocyte-poor PRP preparations subjected to a second spin to remove the platelets led to induction of myoblast cells into the muscle differentiation pathway, whereas unmodified leukocyte-poor PRP led to myoblast proliferation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These results indicate that traditionally formulated PRP may not be appropriate to induce muscle regeneration. Laboratory evidence suggests that PPP or non-neutrophil-containing PRPss, subjected to an additional spin to remove platelets, should be used to stimulate myoblast differentiation, which is necessary for skeletal muscle regeneration. Clinical studies will be required to confirm the effect of these biologics on muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Miroshnychenko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Wen-Teh Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jason L Dragoo
- Sports Medicine Center, Stanford University Medical Center, Redwood City, California, USA
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Delaney K, Kasprzycka P, Ciemerych MA, Zimowska M. The role of TGF-β1 during skeletal muscle regeneration. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:706-715. [PMID: 28035727 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The injury of adult skeletal muscle initiates series of well-coordinated events that lead to the efficient repair of the damaged tissue. Any disturbances during muscle myolysis or reconstruction may result in the unsuccessful regeneration, characterised by strong inflammatory response and formation of connective tissue, that is, fibrosis. The switch between proper regeneration of skeletal muscle and development of fibrosis is controlled by various factors. Amongst them are those belonging to the transforming growth factor β family. One of the TGF-β family members is TGF-β1, a multifunctional cytokine involved in the regulation of muscle repair via satellite cells activation, connective tissue formation, as well as regulation of the immune response intensity. Here, we present the role of TGF-β1 in myogenic differentiation and muscle repair. The understanding of the mechanisms controlling these processes can contribute to the better understanding of skeletal muscle atrophy and diseases which consequence is fibrosis disrupting muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Delaney
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Kasprzycka
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Anna Ciemerych
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zimowska
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
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Yang C, Zheng SD, Wu HJ, Chen SJ. Regulatory Mechanisms of the Molecular Pathways in Fibrosis Induced by MicroRNAs. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 129:2365-72. [PMID: 27647197 PMCID: PMC5040024 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.190677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) play critical roles in the fibrotic process in different organs. We summarized the latest research progress on the roles and mechanisms of miRNAs in the regulation of the molecular signaling pathways involved in fibrosis. DATA SOURCES Papers published in English from January 2010 to August 2015 were selected from the PubMed and Web of Science databases using the search terms "microRNA", "miR", "transforming growth factor β", "tgf β", "mitogen-activated protein kinase", "mapk", "integrin", "p38", "c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase", "jnk", "extracellular signal-regulated kinase", "erk", and "fibrosis". STUDY SELECTION Articles were obtained and reviewed to analyze the regulatory effects of miRNAs on molecular signaling pathways involved in the fibrosis. RESULTS Recent evidence has shown that miRNAs are involved in regulating fibrosis by targeting different substrates in the molecular processes that drive fibrosis, such as immune cell sensitization, effector cell activation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Moreover, several important molecular signaling pathways involve in fibrosis, such as the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, and the integrin pathway are regulated by miRNAs. Third, regulation of the fibrotic pathways induced by miRNAs is found in many other tissues in addition to the heart, lung, liver, and kidney. Interestingly, the actions of many drugs on the human body are also induced by miRNAs. It is encouraging that the fibrotic process can be blocked or reversed by targeting specific miRNAs and their signaling pathways, thereby protecting the structures and functions of different organs. CONCLUSIONS miRNAs not only regulate molecular signaling pathways in fibrosis but also serve as potential targets of novel therapeutic interventions for fibrosing diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Huairou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Si-Dao Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Hong-Jin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Haidian Section of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Jun Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Huairou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 101400, China
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Yurdagul A, Orr AW. Blood Brothers: Hemodynamics and Cell-Matrix Interactions in Endothelial Function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:415-34. [PMID: 26715135 PMCID: PMC5011636 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Alterations in endothelial function contribute to a variety of vascular diseases. In pathological conditions, the endothelium shows a reduced ability to regulate vasodilation (endothelial dysfunction) and a conversion toward a proinflammatory and leaky phenotype (endothelial activation). At the interface between the vessel wall and blood, the endothelium exists in a complex microenvironment and must translate changes in these environmental signals to alterations in vessel function. Mechanical stimulation and endothelial cell interactions with the vascular matrix, as well as a host of soluble factors, coordinately contribute to this dynamic regulation. RECENT ADVANCES Blood hemodynamics play an established role in the regulation of endothelial function. However, a growing body of work suggests that subendothelial matrix composition similarly and coordinately regulates endothelial cell phenotype such that blood flow affects matrix remodeling, which affects the endothelial response to flow. CRITICAL ISSUES Hemodynamics and soluble factors likely affect endothelial matrix remodeling through multiple mechanisms, including transforming growth factor β signaling and alterations in cell-matrix receptors, such as the integrins. Likewise, differential integrin signaling following matrix remodeling appears to regulate several key flow-induced responses, including nitric oxide production, regulation of oxidant stress, and activation of proinflammatory signaling and gene expression. Microvascular remodeling responses, such as angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, may also show coordinated regulation by flow and matrix. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Identifying the mechanisms regulating the dynamic interplay between hemodynamics and matrix remodeling and their contribution to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease remains an important research area with therapeutic implications across a variety of conditions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 415-434.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Yurdagul
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - A. Wayne Orr
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
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Increased calf and plantar muscle fibrotic contents in obese subjects may cause ankle instability. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160206. [PMID: 27380952 PMCID: PMC4986408 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is strongly associated with musculoskeletal disorders of the lower limb, including ankle instability and resulting gait problems. In the present study, we aimed to examine, using paired comparisons of subjects, whether moderate duration of obesity in patients with mild to moderate elevations of body mass index (BMI), changes the fibrous contents of muscles that support the ankle mortices, namely calf and plantar muscles. We attempted to examine these parameters because this shall provide direct evidence of whether obesity directly impacts myoarchitecture and support of the adjoining joints. MRI image segmentation and pixel correlations by grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and entropy were used to analyse the changes. The differences in the means between groups (both GLCM and entropy) were significant from control lean populations (P<0.0001, ANOVA) for the parameters examined for both the calf and the plantar muscles. Reduction in weight should thus be a first-line approach in preventing these changes that may significantly affect quality of life due to gait disturbances.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recently, genetic pathways that modify the clinical severity of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) have been identified. The pathways uncovered as modifiers are useful to predict prognosis and also elucidate molecular signatures that can be manipulated therapeutically. RECENT FINDINGS Modifiers have been identified using combinations of transcriptome and genome profiling. Osteopontin, encoded by the SPP1 gene, was found using gene expression profiling. Latent TGFβ binding protein 4, encoding latent TGFβ binding protein 4 was initially discovered using a genome-wide screen in mice and then validated in cohorts of DMD patients. These two pathways converge in that they both regulate TGFβ. A third modifier, Anxa6 that specifies annexin A6, is a calcium binding protein that has been identified using mouse models, and regulates the injury pathway and sarcolemmal resealing. SUMMARY Genetic modifiers can serve as biomarkers for outcomes in DMD. Modifiers can alter strength and ambulation in muscular dystrophy, and these same features can be used as endpoints used in clinical trials. Moreover, because genetic modifiers can influence outcomes, these genetic markers should be considered when stratifying results in muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy H Vo
- Committee on Development, Regeneration and Stem Cell Biology, Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Overexpression of Latent TGFβ Binding Protein 4 in Muscle Ameliorates Muscular Dystrophy through Myostatin and TGFβ. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006019. [PMID: 27148972 PMCID: PMC4858180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent TGFβ binding proteins (LTBPs) regulate the extracellular availability of latent TGFβ. LTBP4 was identified as a genetic modifier of muscular dystrophy in mice and humans. An in-frame insertion polymorphism in the murine Ltbp4 gene associates with partial protection against muscular dystrophy. In humans, nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in LTBP4 associate with prolonged ambulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. To better understand LTBP4 and its role in modifying muscular dystrophy, we created transgenic mice overexpressing the protective murine allele of LTBP4 specifically in mature myofibers using the human skeletal actin promoter. Overexpression of LTBP4 protein was associated with increased muscle mass and proportionally increased strength compared to age-matched controls. In order to assess the effects of LTBP4 in muscular dystrophy, LTBP4 overexpressing mice were bred to mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In this model, increased LTBP4 led to greater muscle mass with proportionally increased strength, and decreased fibrosis. The increase in muscle mass and reduction in fibrosis were similar to what occurs when myostatin, a related TGFβ family member and negative regulator of muscle mass, was deleted in mdx mice. Supporting this, we found that myostatin forms a complex with LTBP4 and that overexpression of LTBP4 led to a decrease in myostatin levels. LTBP4 also interacted with TGFβ and GDF11, a protein highly related to myostatin. These data identify LTBP4 as a multi-TGFβ family ligand binding protein with the capacity to modify muscle disease through overexpression. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic disease with muscle weakness, replacement of muscle tissue with fibrosis, and premature death. The gene for latent TGFβ binding protein 4 (LTBP4) was previously found to modify muscular dystrophy in both mice and humans with variants that confer protection from disease. In order to better understand this modifier gene, the protective version of LTBP4 was overexpressed specifically in the skeletal muscles of mice. Increased levels of LTBP4 protein resulted in increased muscle mass. Overexpression of LTBP4 in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy alleviated many disease-associated features producing larger muscles, increased strength, and reduced fibrosis in muscle. LTBP4 formed a complex with myostatin, a protein that when inhibited leads to muscle growth. In LTBP4-overexpressing mice, active myostatin protein was decreased. This study shows that LTBP4 modifies muscular dystrophy based on its ability to scaffold and regulate multiple TGFβ family members including myostatin.
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Abrigo J, Rivera JC, Simon F, Cabrera D, Cabello-Verrugio C. Transforming growth factor type beta (TGF-β) requires reactive oxygen species to induce skeletal muscle atrophy. Cell Signal 2016; 28:366-376. [PMID: 26825874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a classical modulator of skeletal muscle and regulates several processes, such as myogenesis, regeneration, and muscle function in skeletal muscle diseases. Skeletal muscle atrophy, characterised by the loss of muscle strength and mass, is one of the pathological conditions regulated by TGF-β. Atrophy also results in increased myosin heavy chain (MHC) degradation and the expression of two muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases, atrogin-1 and MuRF-1. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are modulators of muscle wasting, and NAD(P)H oxidase (NOX) is one of the main sources of ROS. While it was recently found that TGF-β1 induces atrophy in skeletal muscle, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, the role of NOX-derived ROS in skeletal muscle atrophy induced by TGF-β was assessed. TGF-β1 induced an atrophic effect in C2C12 myotubes, as evidenced by decreased myotube diameter and MHC levels, together with increased MuRF-1 levels. Concomitantly, TGF-β increased NOX-induced ROS contents. Interestingly, NOX inhibition through apocynin and the antioxidant treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) decreased increased ROS levels in myotubes. Additionally, both apocynin and NAC completely prevented the decreased MHC, decreased myotube diameter, and increased MuRF-1 induced by TGF-β. Injection of TGF-β1 into the tibialis anterior muscle induced atrophy, as observed by decreased fibre diameter and MHC levels, together with increased MuRF-1 levels. Likewise, TGF-β increased the ROS contents in the smaller fibres of skeletal muscle. Additionally, the administration of NAC to mice prevented all atrophic effects and the increase in ROS induced by TGF-β in the tibialis anterior. This is the first study to report that TGF-β has an atrophic effect dependent on NOX-induced ROS in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Abrigo
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Rivera
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Cabrera
- Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Physiopathology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
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Zanotti S, Bragato C, Zucchella A, Maggi L, Mantegazza R, Morandi L, Mora M. Anti-fibrotic effect of pirfenidone in muscle derived-fibroblasts from Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. Life Sci 2016; 145:127-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Paco S, Casserras T, Rodríguez MA, Jou C, Puigdelloses M, Ortez CI, Diaz-Manera J, Gallardo E, Colomer J, Nascimento A, Kalko SG, Jimenez-Mallebrera C. Transcriptome Analysis of Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Fibroblasts Reveals a Disease Extracellular Matrix Signature and Key Molecular Regulators. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145107. [PMID: 26670220 PMCID: PMC4686057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Collagen VI related myopathies encompass a range of phenotypes with involvement of skeletal muscle, skin and other connective tissues. They represent a severe and relatively common form of congenital disease for which there is no treatment. Collagen VI in skeletal muscle and skin is produced by fibroblasts. Aims & Methods In order to gain insight into the consequences of collagen VI mutations and identify key disease pathways we performed global gene expression analysis of dermal fibroblasts from patients with Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy with and without vitamin C treatment. The expression data were integrated using a range of systems biology tools. Results were validated by real-time PCR, western blotting and functional assays. Findings We found significant changes in the expression levels of almost 600 genes between collagen VI deficient and control fibroblasts. Highly regulated genes included extracellular matrix components and surface receptors, including integrins, indicating a shift in the interaction between the cell and its environment. This was accompanied by a significant increase in fibroblasts adhesion to laminin. The observed changes in gene expression profiling may be under the control of two miRNAs, miR-30c and miR-181a, which we found elevated in tissue and serum from patients and which could represent novel biomarkers for muscular dystrophy. Finally, the response to vitamin C of collagen VI mutated fibroblasts significantly differed from healthy fibroblasts. Vitamin C treatment was able to revert the expression of some key genes to levels found in control cells raising the possibility of a beneficial effect of vitamin C as a modulator of some of the pathological aspects of collagen VI related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Paco
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Casserras
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Angels Rodríguez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Jou
- Pathology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Puigdelloses
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos I. Ortez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Diaz-Manera
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Gallardo
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Colomer
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Nascimento
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana G. Kalko
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Mallebrera
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Fundación Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Lee EM, Kim DY, Kim AY, Lee EJ, Kim SH, Lee MM, Sung SE, Park JK, Jeong KS. Chronic effects of losartan on the muscles and the serologic profiles of mdx mice. Life Sci 2015; 143:35-42. [PMID: 26497927 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Losartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, attenuates transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, which inhibits myogenic regeneration. Although many researchers have demonstrated that losartan has anti-fibrotic and protective effects on cardiac and skeletal muscles, for long-term administration to treat dystrophic disorders, it is essential to demonstrate not only the therapeutic effects of losartan on muscles but also its effects on other organs and on blood biochemistry. MAIN METHODS Mdx mice, an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), were fed losartan dissolved in tap water. After 44weeks, the skeletal (gastrocnemius), cardiac, and diaphragm muscles of mdx mice were removed. Tissue and blood samples were collected from all experimental animals. Effects of losartan on muscle regeneration, fibrosis, and blood enzymatic profiles were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS In histopathological findings and serum biochemistry analyses, chronic losartan administration showed muscular protective effects and inhibited fibrosis in skeletal (gastrocnemius), cardiac, and diaphragmatic muscles. In addition, losartan had no effects on other solid organs. Interestingly, losartan had beneficial effects on serum HDL ratio. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates the therapeutic effects of losartan on muscles and its effects on other organs and on blood biochemistry. In conclusion, our results provide useful information for consideration of chronic losartan administration be as a treatment of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Mi Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Young Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Joo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyeob Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Mi Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Eun Sung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Shik Jeong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Therapeutic Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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